8

2013 sk]vw_ 29 Rmb

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Pn A\q saUn- sk-dn NmsP-Sp tUm. kp[m Znhm-I-c Ign hjs

Ghpw anI tUmIvSp kwm\ Khsav ]pc-kvImcw e`n
ssK\-tm-f-Pn-m-Wv. Cy tlmn Xmc-am-bn-cp Ah Poh-Im-cpWy taJ-e-bnepw kPo-hw.
apa{n _m_p Znhm-I-cs Pohn-X- ]-m-fn-bmb tUm. kp[-bpsS hnti-j--fn-eq-sS...

apkm-^n
Xn-cp-h-\--]p-cw

bq-\n-th-gv-kn-n t-Un-b-n
A--tZio-b h-\n-Xm tlm-n Sq-W-san-s Iem- i - - f n- . ]n- mev APp- \ A- h m- U v
tP{Xnbmb Fkv. Hm-a-\-Ipamcnbp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-nep- C-y Sow H-cp h-i-v. temI-s hn-d-n-
`-c-Wm-[n-Imcn Cu-Zn A-ao-s D-Km--bn \n-p-
I-dp- ap-p-I F-Xn`m-Kv. kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS tlmn a-e-bm-fn-I-v ]p-Xp-a-bp- Im-gv-N. A-XpsImpX-s t-Un-bw \nd-p I-hnp. Sn.]n. _me-Ir-jv-W ]-cn-io-en-n-s-Sp- C-y Sow I-cpcm-b D-Km--bp-sS \o---v {]Xn-tcm-[w
Xop. sh-fp-v sIm-ep--s\-bp- ssd-v _m-v
kp-[-bp-sS {]-IS-\w Av G-sd {i-n--sp. Ah-km-\wh-sc ]n-Sn-p\n-m {i-an-s-nepw `mKyw
D-Km--tbm-sSm--am-bn-cpp. k-a-\n-e-bn D-Kmsb ]n-Sn-p-sI-m-sa tam-lw \-S-n. ss^-\
hn-kn-en-\p \m-ep an-\p-v A-h-ti-jn-s, Xo-pw
A-hn-Nm-cn-Xamb H-cp tKm-fn-\p C-y So-an-\p A-Snbd-hv ]-d-tb-nhp. tlm-n kv-n-n-tev ap-Jw
Xm-gvn ssX-m-s B-bpth-Z ^n-kn-jy Pn. KwKm-[c-s a-I kp-[ Io-scm-gpn. k-l- I-fn-m
Ah-sf B-iz-kn-n-m ]m-Sp-s]p. G-Xm-bmepw
d- A-]v t{Sm-^nbpw A-s {]-I-S-\-n-\p
{]-tXy-I ]p-c-kv-Im-chpw hm-m kp[-sb t-Pnte-v hn-fnp. A-v kv-t]m-Sv-kv h-Ip-v ssI-Imcyw
sN-bv-Xn-cp s]m-Xp-a-cma-v a{n Sn.sI. Zn-hm-I-c\n \n-v t{Sm-^n-bpw sa-at- mbpw G-p-hm-p-tm
kp-[bpw Iq-p-Im-cn-I-fpw ]p-f-In-X-cm-bn. cm{Xn I-\-Ip-v sIm-m-c-n a-{n-bp-sS h-I So-aw-K--v
A-mgw. ]n-t-s ]-{X--fn {]m-[m-\y-tmsS hm-bpw ]-S-hpw.
]p--{]h-b-em k-a-c- tk-\m-\nbpw sImw
Pn-bp-sS hn-h -ssNX\y-n-s Ia-`-S-\pam-b
Sn.sI. Zn-hm-I-c-\n\n-v t{Sm-^n G-p-hm-p-I-bpw

kwm-\s 2012 se anI tUmIvSp ]pckvImcw Btcm-Ky-a{n hn.F-kv. inh-Ip-am-dn \nv

tUm. kp[m Znhm-I-c Gp-hm-pp (^b)

B-XnYyw kzo-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvX Xn-cp-h-\-]p-cw K-h. hn-a-kv tIm-tf-Pv hn-Zym-Yn-\nbmb kp-[ IrXyw ]-Xn-aq-p h-j-n-\p tijw Cu hnin-jvSm-Xn-Yn-bpsS a-cp-a-I-fmbn B ho-n-te-v I-b-dn-s-p. Sn.sIbp-sS a-I\pw A-v B.F-kv.]n-bp-sS
bp-h -t\-Xm-hp-am-bn-cp- hc _m-_p
Zn-hm-I-c\pw an-I tlm-n Xm-c-am-bncpp. ]-t tlm-nb Ch-sc Xn-e-Sp-n-Xv. ]-c-kv]-cw Ip, C-ambn. Fnepw I-fn--f-n-se _m_p Zn-hm-I-c-s\ kp-[- {i-n-n-cpp.
Xn-cp-h-\--]p-cw \-K-c- tI{--fnse
_m-_p-hn-s {]-kw-K--tf-m Ahsf B-I-jn--Xv B kv-t]m-Sv-kv-am kv]n-cn-m-bn-cp-p. 1984 hn-hm-ln-X-bm-bn
kp-[ _m-_p Zn-hm-Ic-s Po-hn-X-n-te-p
h-cp-tm ]-t Sn.sI. Zn-hm-I-c Po-hn-n-cnnm-bn-cp-p.
tI-c-f h-\n-Xm tlm-n Pq-\nb, ko-\n-b Soap-I-fnepw kv-t-v\m-j-\ So-ap-I-fnepw P-gv-kn-bWn-n-p- kp-[ N-n-KUv, t`m-]m, Kzmfn-tbm
F-n-hn-S-fn-sem-s \-S- sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb
\nc-h[n a-k-c--fn tI-c-f-n-s Xo-sm-cnbmbn.
tUm--dm-hp-I-sb- kz-]v-\w D-n sIm-p\S- kp[-sb tlm-n A-\p-{K-ln-p. {]o-Un{Kn Ign--tm kv-t]m-Sv-kv Izm--bn sa-Un-kn-\v {]thi-\w Inn. ]n-s H-cp hj-ta I-fn--f-n kPo-h-am-bpq. ]T-\-n-em-bn {i-. ko-\n-b lukv k-P-knbpw ]n.Pn-bp-samw sN-bvX-Xv Xn-cp-h\--]pc-pX-s. 1987 ssK-\-tm-f-Pn-kv-mbn
k-ho-kn {]-th-inp. Fw-tm-bo-kv kv-t-v Cjp-dkv (C.F-kv.sF) B-ip-]-{Xn-I-fn-em-bn-cp-p
tk-h\w. sImw ]--m\-v B-Zy-\n-b-a\w. XpS-v I-ca-\, Nm-, t]-cq--S B-ip-]-{Xn-I-fn anI- tUm F- \n-e-bn t]-sc-Sp-p. \-K-c-n\-Ipw ]p-dpw \n-s-p- \q-dp--W-n\p
tcm-Kn-I-v "kp-[m -am-Uw' hen-b B-izm-k-hpw A\p-{K-l-hp-am-bn. 2012 kw-m\-s G--hpw anI tUm- F- _-lpa-Xn e-`np. B-tcm-Ky-a{n
hn.Fkv. in-h-Ip-am-dn\n-v A-hm-Uv G-p-hm-n.
a{na-n-c-n A-n-bp-d-p-tm t]mepw
tcm-Kn-I hn-fn-p-Ibpw tK-n-se-n Im-hmtcm-Sv X-s Im-W-W-sa-p ]-d-bp-Ibpw sN-m-dpm-bn-cp-p..
_m-_p Zn-hm-I-c, B-Wn a-{n-k-`-bn sXmgn a-{n-bm-bn-cp- Ime-v C-h Hu-tZymKn-I hk-Xnbm-b km-\-Up-hn-em-bn-cp-p Xm-a-kn-n-cp-Xv.
A-tmgpw D]cn]T-\hpw Kth-j-Whpw {]m-okpsam-s-bm-bn k-Zm Xn-c-n-em-bn-cp-p tUm. kp-[.
Zn-h-khpw \q-dp--W-n-\v tcm-KnI-sf I-n-cp- Ah-cp-sS tk-h-\-ta-J-e ]m-en-tb-o-hv cw-K-tpw
hym-]np. amdm-tcm-Kw sIm-v I--s-Sp-h-sc klm-bn-m-\pw B-iz-kn-n-m-\p-ap- {]-h-\-fn kPo-h-ambn ap-gpIn.
P-\-\-n ]-Xn-\m-bn-cw t]-cn H-cm-v kw`-hn-m-hp, A-n-I s]m-p- A-kp-Ja
- p (Hmkv-ntbmP-\n-kn-kv Cw-s]-s^v) Ip-n-I-v Bizm-khpw ]-cn-c-bpw \-Ip--Xn-\p- H-cp m]-\w tUm. kp-[, Iq-p-Im-cn-Ifm-b e-Xm \mb, _mp-tZym-K-bm-b Pn.B. {io-I-e F-n-hcpambnt-v \m-ep h-jw ap-v m-]np. eXm \mbcm-bn-cpp CXns ams{_-bn. sN-dp-Xm-bn H-\-p-tm t]m-epw Fp-I \p-dp-n-tm-Ip-
Ip-n-I-sf X-temSn k-am-[m-\n-n-m\pw A-h-v
sX-s-nepw kp-Jw \-Im-\p-ap- Cu m-]\w
A-ar-X-h-jn-Wn kv-Xp-Xy-lam-b co-Xn-bn-em-Wv {]h-n-p-Xv. a-e-pdw, tIm-gn-tm-Sv Pn-I-fn-ep-h-cm-Wv tcm-Kn-I Iq-Sp-X-epw. sam-w 84 Ip-n-Isf-bm-Wv I-h-Sn-bm-dn {]-h-n-p- A-ar-X-hjn-Wn kw-c
- n-p t]m-cp-Xv. Po-hI
- m-cp-Wy-cwK-s
G-hpw \ m-]-\-am-bn C-Xn-s\ h-f-m-\p-
{i-a-n-em-Wv tUm. kp-[bpw C-h-tcm-sSm-w k-lI-cn-p- \n-ch-[n h-\n-X-I-fpw. H-t-sd km-aqln-I
kmw-kv-Imcn-I kw-L-S-\-I A-ar-X-h-jn-Wn-bp-sS

km-cnbpw At\z- j - I - \ p- a mb
ju- n
s
"Bmhn \n v PohnX-n-tev' F sNdp
]pkvXIw
XnIpw
hyXykvX-amb Hcp hmb-\m\p-`-h-amWv. Hmtcm hmb-\-mc-t\bpw ]cn-]qW-ambn ]cn-Wan-n-p Hc-]qh ]pkvXIw
F {]km-[I
- cpsS Ah-Im-ih
- mZw
Am-\--. Xpd a\-tmsS
Pohn- X s kao- ] n- p GsXmcmpw Cu ]pkvXIw \smcp hgn-Imn-bm-Wv. Bap-J-ambn ju v Fgp-Xpp temIw apgp-h Bo-b-X-bpsS AXn{]-kcw sImv apJ-cn-X-am-bn-cn-p-p.
aXhpw Bo-bX
- bpw C{Xbpw kPo-ha
- mb
Hcp Imew Dm-bn-cptm Fp kwi-bw.
FhnsS t\mn-bmepw {]`m-j-W-fpw
[ym\-fpw b-fpw Xs. Fm aXfpw Kpcp-
- mcpw a\p-jys\ \m-m
am-cy-tmsS {ian-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p.
Fntm? Acm-P-I-Xzhpw A{I-ahpw Akam-[m-\hpw ]Xn-hp-t]mse XpS-cp-p. kam[m\ ZqXm- c m- b n- c n- t - - h A{I- a p Npm ]nSn-p-p. bmsXmcp IcpW-bp-an-msX a\p-jy a\p-jys\ Nps-cnp-p. FmWp \app kw`-hn-p-Xv?
Fhn-sS-sbm-s-bmWv \app ]ng-p-Xv?
Cu tNmZy-p Ghpw bpn
klhpw efn-X-hp-amb D-c-amWv kp-camb `mj-bn \qn-{- v t]Pp-If
- n-embn
juv ]d-bm {ian-p--Xv. Nnm-tijnbpw Icp-Wb
- p-ap Bpw Xs \ntj[n-m-\m-hm--XmWv Cu "bXn injys'
samgn-I. lnam-ebw F bm{Xm-\p-`hw
hmbn-p--Xp-hsc F\nv juv
asmcp Fgp-p-Im-c am{X-am-bn-cp-p.
Fm AXns hmb- \ p tijw
Cbmsf {in-t--XmWv Fp a\v
]d-p. t^ln-nse B{i-a-n
Kpcp \nXy-ssN-X\y bXn-tbm-sSmw hj-

Pohn-X- hgn-m-c-I-fn
]p \nd-bvm
kn.sI. lktImb
Kn-p hmIy- t\mp-I 'HmS-shw
\app No-bm-Wv. sImXp-In\v AXp PohnX-am-Wv. Agpp \nd sNfn-shw
\apv HmmIqSn h. Fm ]nIXp Poh-P-e-am-Wv. ip-amb shw
Fp \mw ]d-bp-Xv \psS ico-cs
am{Xw am\-Z--am-n-sm-m-Wv. shw
\Xpw No-bp-am-Ip-Xv AXp-]-tbm-Knp--h-cpsS am\-kn-I,- im-co-cnI hyXym-ka-\p-k-cnp am{X-am-Wv.
Hpw \Xpw No-bp-am-bn-. DsXmw GsX-nepw Xc-n temI-n\v
Ah-iyw thXp Xs-bm-Wv. a\p-jy\p
tZmjw sNp-Xv Nobpw KpWw sNpXv \Xpw Fp \mw hyh-l-cn-pp
Ft-bp-p.' kzw a\-kn-eqsS IS-pt]mb Imcy--fmWv AYhm \mfn-Xp-htc
Pohn-X-s-p-dnp a\-kn-em-nb Adnhp-If
- mWv Ctlw Zp{K-lXtbXp-an-msX
tcJ-s-Spn shn-cn-p--Xv. Pnhn-X]mX-bn XS-k- \on aptm-v t]m-Im
hmb- \ - m- c - s \
Bo- b - a mbn

{]m]vX\mpw hn[-amWv CXn cN-\. a\nse ImSpw ]Sepw \on a\p-jys\

t\h-gnp Nnn-m t{]cn-n-p
C-s\-sbmcp ]pkvXIw {]kn-o-I-cnpI hgn Hcp- ka-amWv amXr-`qan
_pIvkv \nh-ln-n-cn-p--Xv. hy-X-bnm ImgvN-m-Sp-I-fp-tSbpw Ccp {]Xyb-im-kv{X--fp-tSbpw XS-hn a\p-jy
PohnXw Fcnp Xocp Cm-ev {]Imi-ns ssIn-cn-bmWv Cu sNdnb
]pkvX-Iw. sXfn at\m-hym-]m-c--fneq-sS-b-msX Pohn-X-nse {]mtbm-KnI
sshX-c-Wn-Isf adn-I-S-m-\m-hn F
]mThpw juv \Ip-p.
Bm-hn \nv
Pohn-X-n-tev
XzNn
{]km[\w-- am-Xr-`qan _pIvkv,tIm-gn-tmSv
hne75 cq]

bm{X

ImgvN-bpsS

ag-hnv
- tk-Xp-am-[-h a-m-Sv
_m_p
Znhm-I-c\pw
]Xv\n tUm.
kp[bpw

aI
ssNX-\y-tbmsSmv _m_p
Znhm-I-c
Iq-m-bv-a-sb I-e-h-d-bnm-sX ]n-p-W-pp. \-S
kp-tcjv -tKm-]n-bpw A-ar-X-h-jn-Wn-bp-sS A-`yp-Z-bImw-n-bmWv. ]m-en-tb-o-hv ta-J-e-bn-se tIm-gv-kv
]q-n-bmnb tUm. kp-[ B-ip-]-{Xn-bpw A-ar-Xh-jn-Wn-bp-am-bn k-Zm Xn-c-n. B Xn-c-n \np H-c-]w hn-{iaw, ]ns-sbm-cp sN-bv-v.. A-s\-bm-Wv C--gn- Znh-kw Pn- A-\q sa-Un sk A-[n-Ir-X-cp-sS -Ww kzo-I-cn-v Chn-sS-sb-n-b-Xv.
Pn--bn-se-n-bnv Hcm-gvN-bm-bn-n-. Fnepw
]pXn-b A-\p-`hw, kpJ-I-c-amb A--co-w... Nn-

In-k-tbm-sSm-w {]-hm-kn-I-v tcm-K-s-pdnpw \n-hm-c-W-s-p-dn-p-ap t_m-[-h-cWw, Po-h-Im-cp-Wy {]-h--\w... C-sXm-s-bm-Wv

tamlw. Fmw k-^-e-amI-tW F-m-Wv {]mY-\
tUm. kp-[ ]-d-bpp.
G- I - a - I ssNX- \ y \yq- k n- e m n- s e HmIvemn \n-v F-Pn-\o-bd-- nw-Kn am-kv- _n-c-pZsa-Sp-v A-hn-sS-s tPm-en-bn {]-th-inp.
_m-_p Zn-hm-I-c cm-{o-b-n-s Xn-c-n-te-v,
tUm. kp-[m Zn-hm-I-c {]-hm-kn-Ifpw kz-tZ-in-Ifpam-b Ip-Spw-_n-\n-I-fp-sS lr-Z-b-n-te-v...

kPo-h hS-p-mSv

{Inv s]cp-a-bn tUmIvSam

Xe-tcnbnse tUmIvSamcpsS {Inv Sow

- t fmfw Xma- k n- p- I bpw

At-l-s A\p-bm{X sNpIbpw {K- ]In-sbgp-Xp-Ibpw Kpcp-hns a\kp
hmbn-m `mKyw knnpIbpw sNbvX
juv BPnX hnZy-sbmw kzm\p-`h-fn-eqsS a\-kn-s aqi-bn-enp ]cp-hs-Sp-n-bmWv Cn-s\-sbmcp ]pkvXIw
cNn-X
- v. bmsXmcp {]Xy-bi
- m-kv{Xhpw Ahkm\ hm-. A\-a
- mbn ]cn-Wa
- n-p-sImn-cn-p--XmWv Poh. Pohnn-cn-m\p A]qh `mKyw knn Hmtcm-cpcpw Fn-s\-bmWv Bm-hn imn
tXSn AXp-ambn aptmp t]mtI--sXv
\s Hmn-n-pp Ct-l
- ns Hmtcm
hcn-bpw. XzNn a\pjy inc-kn `mca Ghpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb hkv{Xw XsbmsWpw knn-p-p. {]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn
CWn Pohn-m-\p Ignhp hos-Spt-Xv Pohn hK-ns \ne\n ]n\p
Xs A\n-hm-cy-am-sWv Fgp-p-Im-c
\s t_m[y-s-Sp-p-pv.
"knwl-p-n\p ap]n Ipdv Cdnbpw Icnpw Ipw ]mepw ]ghpw shpsIm-Sp-m AXv Cdn FSpp Ign-pw.
B\-p-m-sW-n Xpn-ss-sImv
Hp ]cXn ]gtam Icntm FSpp Ignpw. a\p-jy-p-m-sW-ntem? Hcp kwib-hp-an-msX BZyw Inn-b-sX-Spp hmbnen-Spw. Im-sW-n Iv. ]-bn-d-n-bmsW-n ]-bn-d-n. AXn\np \mw
FmWp a\-kn-em-t-Xv? ap PohnIv Ah-cpsS `Ww sXc-s-Sp-m\p hmk\ Ddp Inn-bn-p-v. a\p-jy
Ah\p hnti-jambn e`n _pn D]-tbmKnv AXp sXc- s - S p- t - - X p- v . '
F{Xbpw efn-X-amb DZm-l-c-W--fn-eqsS
Xopw kc-fa
- mbmWv {K-Imhv Kl\-amb Bob XXz- hni-Zo-I-cn-p-Xv. Bpw a\-kn-em-hp emfn-Xy-amWv
Cu ]pkvX-I-ns apJy BIj-W-fn-semv.
\-Xna-I hne-bn-cp-m D]-tbm-

Cy {In-ns Cun--amb Xe-t-cn-bn Cy saUn-

Atkm-kn-tb-js (sF.-Fw.-F) t\Xr-Xz-n Hcp {Inv Soan\v
cq]w sImSp-t- m tUmIvSam t]mepw {]Xo-n-n AXv eyw
ImWp-sa-v. a\p-jy-Po-hs hne-b-dn-bp tUmIvSam As\
Ifn--f-ns kv]-\hpw sX-kvtIm-n-msX hi-m-n. Bdv
hjw apt cq]w sImSp sF.-Fw.F Xe-tcn {Inv Sow Cv
Xe-sb-Sp-tmsS \np-tm {Inv t{]an-Ip t]mepw A`nam-\a
- m-hp-Ib
- m-Wv. tIc-f
- n sF.-Fw.F cq]w sImSp BZy {Inv
Sow F khn-ti-j-Xbpw Cu Xe-t-cn-bnse tUmIvtSgvkv Sow kzam-n.
tPmen-n-c-n \np tamN-\-amWv tUmIvSamsc C-csamcp {Inv _n\v cq]w sImSp-m t{]cW \In-b-Xv. Soan-ep
`qcn-`mKw t]cpw kvs]jy-env tUmIvSam-cm-sW-nepw Ifn-f
-
- n
kabw Is-m Bpw aSn-bn-. s^{_p-hcn amkw apX sabv
amkw hsc Xe-tcn \K-c-k`m tUn-b-nepw {Inv tUn-b-nep-ambn tUmIvSam-cpsS Cu Sow ITn\ ]cn-io-e-\-n-tes-Spw.
Chv t{]mm-l\w \Im `mcybpw Ipn-I-fp-aps-sS-bp-h Kme-dn-bn m\w ]nSn-p--Xpw -]-Xnhv ImgvN-bm-Wv. Soaw-K-sfmw tImtfPv Soan Ifn--h-cm-Wv. 32 apX 53 hb-p- h-sc-bp-h-cmWv Cu Soans s\SpwXqWp-I.
Soans Iym]v-\mb Xe-tcn kl-I-cW Bip-]-{Xn-bnse tUm.
Pb-Ir-jvW \ym ap tIcf A25 {Inv Soaw-K-am-Wv. a[y\nc _mvkvam-\mb Pb-Ir-jvW Soans Poh-\m-Un-bm-Wv. _mwq
bq\n-th-gvkn-n ap Xm-c-amb Xe-tcn sSen Bip-]-{Xn-bnse tdUntbm-f-Pnv tUm. jmPn -{io-[- sF.-Fw.F Soans sshkv Iym]v.

sF.Fw.F Xe-tcn imJm {]kn-U v IqSn-bmb Xe-tcn kl-IcW Bip-]-{Xn-bnse Hmtm kP tUm. A\q]v tImin \smcp
Hm]-WnwKv _uf-dm-Wv. Cn-cm-Kmn kl-I-cW Bip-]-{Xn-bnse
]oUn-bm-{Sn-Iv kP tUm. {]tamZv sP.tjWmbv Hm]-WnwKv
_mvkvam F \ne-bn anI {]I-S-\-amWv Soan ImgvN-sh-p-Xv. [Sw {]mY-an-Im-tcmKy tI{-nse ]oUn-bm-{So-jy tUm.
Zn\mYv Imv Cu Soanse \smcp hnv Iodpw _mvkvam\pw
IqSn-bm-Wv.
Xe-tcn kl-I-cW Bip-]-{Xnbnse tdUn-tbm-f-Pnv tUm. Sn.sI. ko]v, CtX Bip-]-{Xn-bnse \yqtdm-f-Pnpw saUn- kq{]p-amb tUm. cmPohv \ym Fn-h _mvkv-amam-cm-Wv. Soan-se
-i--\mb kv]n-dmWv Iq saUn- tImtf-Pnse s\p-tcmK
hnZ-Kv[ tUm. kPo-hvIp-am. Xe-tcn P\-d Bip-]-{Xn-bnse A\kvtXm-f-Pnv tUm.]pjv]-cmPv \smcp B du-dm-Wv. Iq Pnm
Bip-]-{Xn-bnse Hmtm kP tUm. cmPvtam-l, Xe-tcn Cncm-Kmn kl-I-cW Bip-]-{Xn-bnse tUm. shv, shsI-b
Bip-]-{Xn-bnse Pem-ep-o Fnhcpw Soan Ds-Sp-p. Soanse
asmcp a[y-\nc _mvkvam-\mb tUm. atljv h Xe-tcn klI-cW Bip-]-{Xn-bnse Kymkvt{Sm Ct{Sm-f-Pn-m-Wv.
Xe-t-cn-bnse tImSn-tbcn ae-_m Imk sk-dns Ub-dIvSdpw No^v Hmtm kP-\p-amb tUm.-k-Xo-i _me-kp-{_--Wys -t]m-ep Xncv hnsm-gn-bm tUmIvS t]mepw Cu Soans
"s{_bn' BsWv tIp-tm Xs Cu tUmIvSamv
{In-n-t\m-Sp t{]a-sa-sv \apv a\-n-em-mw. Soanse anIsmcp kv]n-dmWv tUm. kXo-i _me-kp-{_--Wyw. ae-_m

B-U-am Zzo-]p-I-v- ao-sX Nn-d-sIm-Xpm Xp-S-n-b hn-am-\-n-s In-fn-hm-Xn-eneq-sS ssI-p-S--bn-se a-c-X-I-m-ew t]mse Zzo-]-k-aq-lw H-sm-m-bn sX-fn-p-h-p.
C-{-\o-ew ]o-en \o-n-b-t]m-se \n-Xy-l-cnX-bm-b h-\k
- k
- y- Zzo-]p-I-v- I-kh
- p Nmn-\n-p. kq-cy ]p-e-s A-p-a-Wn-p-Xs B-U-am-\n-se-pw. sk-]v-Xw-_ ]-IpXn-tbm-sS a-g A-]w hn-p-\n--Xm-bn tXm-n.
F-n-epw Nm--a-g C-S-bv-n-sS H-fn-p-I-fn--Xv
A--co--n-\v hy-Xy-kv-X-`m-hw ]-I-p-Xp. B-Zy-ta {i--bn-s]--Xv, F-v hr-n-bp ]--Ww F--Xm-Wv. Xn-c-pw _-l-f-hp-samgn-p A-Xo-hi
- m-a
- m-b `q-{]-Ir-Xn. hn-am-\
- mh-f-n-epw t_m-v P-n-bn-epw \-K-c-a-[y-n-epw
tdm-Un-epw ]m-n-epw Xn-I- \n---X A\p-`-h-s-p. ko-k-Wn Sq-dn-p-I kr-n-p Nn--d B-c-h-a-m-sX B-U-am-s {]-Ir-Xnsb a-sm-pw _m-[n-p-n-. ap-Jy-B-m-\w
t]m-v--b kn-n-bm-Wv. sN-ss-bn \n-pw
sIm---bn \n-pw hn-im-J-]--W-v \npw 1200 In-tem ao- A-I-se-bm-Wv B-Uam - \n-tm-_m Zzo-]-k-aq-lw \n-e-sIm-p-Xv. F-m C-tm-t\-jy-bn-te-pw ayma-dn-te-pw C-hn-sS-\n-p 100 In. ao- Xm-sg Zqsc-ta-bp-q. _-a-bn-se A-c--tbm-a ]-hX-irw-J-e-bp-sS Xp-S--bn \o-{Km-bn-kv ap-\v- ap-X A-n-sl-Uv h-sc \o-fp- k-ap-{Zm-c ]-h-X--fp-sS F-gp-p-\n-p- ]m-iz-fm-Wv _w-Km D--S-en n-Xn-sN-p B-U-am Zzo-]p-I. kzm-X-{y-{]m-]v-Xnp ti-jw C-y dn--n-n-se ' bq-Wn-b
`-c-W-{]-hn-iy-bp-sS'
]-Z-hn-bm-Wv- C-h-bv-p--Xv. se-^v--\ v Kh-W `-c-W-n-s Np-m ]n-Sn-p-p.a-X-hpw cm-{o-b-hpw B-U-am-s km-aqly Im-em-h--sb G-sd A-tem-k-c-s-Sp-nb-Xm-bn tXm-n-bn-. _w-Km-fn-bpw X-an-g-\pw adm-n-bpw a-e-bm-fn-bpw C-hn-sS H-cp-an-p cm-]mp-p. D-tZym-K-hpw sXm-gn-epw I--h-S-hp-am-bn
h-s-n-b-h. ]--W-n-epw Zzo-]n-se {Km-a-fn-epw t_m-p-sP-n-bn-epw {Iq-kn-epw [m-cmfw a-e-bm-fn-I-sf I-p. D-]-`q-J--n-\npw \m-\m Xp-d-I-fn \n-b-an-X-cm-hp- D-tZymK--n-S-bn H-t-sd a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-v. hn-`n-am-b `m-j-I k-n-{i-am-bn ]p-e-cp-p-sh-nepw ln-p-m-\n-bm-Wv hy-h-lm-c-n-s s]mXp-`m-j-bn ap-n-p-\n-p--sX-v tXm-n.-

B-U-am Zzo-]p-I-fp-sS i-cm-i-cn ho-Xn 24

In-tem ao--dm-Wv. A-q-dn-te-sd h-cp- Zzo-]pI-fp-sS B-sI hn-kv-Xr-Xn 6496 N-Xp-c-{i In ao h-cpw. A-t\-Iw D-S-hp-I-fpw D--S-ep-I-fpw
\n-d- X-S-tc-J-bn H-t-sd {]-Ir-Xn-Z- Xpd-ap-J
- f
- pw Im-em-c
-
- n cq-]w-sIm-n-p-v.
Zzo-]-k-aq-l-s B-I-am-\w h-e-bw sN-bv-Xp\n-p- \n-Xy-l-cn-X-am-b I- h-\-k-ky-fm-Wv B-U-am-s {]-Ir-Xn-sb a-t\m-l-cnbm-p--Xv. h-I-c-tbm-c-am-sI hym-]n-p-In-Sp- ]-hn-g-p-p-I-fm-Wv I-S-en-\v \o-en-a \-Ip-X.v t]m-v--b-dn-se B-{-tm-f-Pn ayq-kn-bhpw \m-hn-I- a-ssd ayq-kn-b--fpw Km-n-]mpw sk-p-em P-bn-epw k-m-cn-bp-sS ap-JyIm-gv-N-I-fm-Wv. {]-tXy-In-v , N-cn-{Xw I-dp- cw ho-gv-n-b sk-p-em P-bn. Um-\n-jvt]m-p-K -U-v tIm-f-\n-I-v ti-jw C-hnSw `-cn- {_n-o-jp-Im-cm-Wv 'Im-em-]m-\n' F-dn-b-s- sk-p-em P-bn ]-Sp-p-b-n-bXv. C-y kzm-X-{y k-a-c-tk-\m-\n-I-sf Ip-hm-fn-I-fm-bn ap-{Z-Ip-n B-U-am-\n-te-v \mSp-I-S-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. 1857 se H-mw kzm-X{y-k-a-c-s Xp-S-v X-S-hp-Im-cm--s- tZim-`n-am-\n-I-sf C-hn-S-s C-cp- I-p-dpp-I-fn X-S-hn-en-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. C--s\ _a-bn \n-pw _w-m-tZ-in-\n-p-ap- X-S-hpIm-sm-w a-e-_m e-l-f-bn X-S-hn-em-s--h-sc-bpw B-U-am P-bn-en-te-v A-bn-cp-p-h-s{X. {I-ta-W in-n--s-Sp--h-cpsS tIm- f - \ n- b m- b n B- U am ( Penal
Settlement) A-dn-b-s-p.I-S-en-s \o-e-P-e-n A-n-m-bn sImp-Xp-cp-p-I-fm-bn Zr-iy-am-hp- Zzo-]p-I-fm-Wv
B-U-am-\n-se-p- k-m-cn-I-fp-sS ap-Jy]-dp-Zo-k. lm-hv tem-v, \o, tdm-kv F-n-s\ A-t\-Iw Zzo-]p-I-fn Sq-dn-p-I sN-sp-p. lm-hv-tem-n-se cm-[m-\-K _o-v kmam-\yw h-ep-Xm-Wv-. hr-n-bpw sh-Sn-p-ap- Cu
_o-p-I-fn B-bnc--W-n-\v k-m-cnI h--W-bp-p.
Xn-c-am-e-I-smw sI-n-p-Wc
- p-p.
I--Im-SpI-fp-sS l-cn-Xw \p-Icp-p.
F-{X Ip-Sn-m-epw Xocm- C-f\
- o I-gn-p
hn-i--S-n-bpw shn-n-f
- a
- m- iwJp-I-fpw Nn-n-I-fpw

Imk sk-dnse Xs asmcp tUmIvSd

- mb sla-tm-fP
- nv N{\pw
Cu Soan CSw In-p-v. Soanse anI-smcp ^mv _uf IqSnbmWv N{. tXmS C.-F-kv.sF Bip-]-{Xn-bnse tUm. F._n\ojv, A\-kvtXm-f-Pnv tUm. P\mZ\ Fn-hcpw Cu Soan anI
{]I-S-\w- ImgvNshp--h-cm-Wv.
Imen-v kh-I-em-im-e-bpsS ap {Inv Xmc-sa \ne-bn
-Aw-Ko-I-cn--s ap Iq Un.-Fw.-Hbpw U]yqn Ub-d-IvS Hm^v
slv kho-k-kp-amb B. cta-jmWv Cu tUmIvtSgvkv Soans
tImv. Xe-tcn Cn-cm-Kmn kl-I-cW Bip-]-{Xn-bnse tUm.
kp\nIp-am-dmWv Sow amt\-P. {Inv t{]an-I-fmb tUm. ap-n,
tUm. \kn-ap-o, tUm. _m_p cho-{, tUm. \qdp-o, tUm. Acp
Fn-h t{]mm-l-\-hp-ambn Fpw Soans IqsS \ngt]mse
]np-S-cp-I-bm-Wv. \nc-h[n {]Zi\ a-c--fn-eqsS {it-b-amb
tUmIvtSgvkv Sow Pnm eoKn CSw Is-m {Inv Atkm-kntb-j\v At] \In Imn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. \hw-_-dn CZw-{]-Ya-ambn sF.-Fw.F kwm\ kt-f-\-n\v Xe-tcn BXn-tY-bXzw
hln-p-tm hn]p-e-amb Hcp {Inv SqW-sa v \S-m-\p
Xbm-sd-Sp-n-emWv sF.-Fw.F {Inv Sow.
ioXn-I-cn apdn-bn \nv tIh-e-samcp Dm-k-n\v tS_n
sSnkpw _mUvan\pw Ifnp PohnXw Xn-\o-p a[y-hK
kwkvIm-c
- n \nv hyXy-kvXa
- mbn D-sh-bn-ens KmV-amb NqtSv
hnbsm-gp-p Cu Ifn---msc Ip- ]-Tn-t-n-bn-cn-p-p.
aqv "kn' IfpsS \mSmb Xe-t-cn-bnse tUmIvSamv "{Inv
Pzcw' _m[n-n-s-nte Ap-X-ap-q. Ah hnbsm-gp-p-Xv
shdp-samcp am\-kn-tIm-m-k-n\v thn am{X-a-. ]nd \mSns
]mc-cyw apdp-sI -]n-Sn-m IqSn-bm-Wv. sX-kvtIm-t-p ssIIfn _mpw t_mfpw hg-p-sav sXfn-bn Cu tUmIvtSgvkv Soan\v
Hcp s{]m^-j-W Sp-sv sI.-kn.F {]kn-U v Sn.-kn. amXyp
t]mepw AwKo-I-cn-n-p-v. Xe-t-cn-bnse ]v amdm ]nn
dag hogvn-smv {Iokn ssP{X-bm{X XpS-cp-I-bmWv Cu
tUmIvtSgvkv Sow.

s]-dp-n-\-S-pw a-Wn-q-dp-I sN-e-hn-Sp- km-cn-I B-U-am Zzo-]p-I-fn \n-p a-Sp--Xv h-W- H-fn-n- k-ap-{Z-\n-d-hn-s
Hm-a-I-fpw sIm-m-Wv.
Im-Spw I-S-epw B-Im-i-hp-am-Wv B-U-ams I-h-Nw. k-ap-{Zm--c a-e-\n-c-I-fp-sS P-e--cn-\p ao-sX F-gp-p-\n-p- Cu Zzo-]p-I
kzm-`m-hn-Ia
- m-bpw \n-avt- \m-X
- h
- pw k-o-Wh
- pam-b {]-Ir-Xn A-I-ta h-ln-p-p. F-pw hym]n-p-In-S-p- ]-hn-g-p-p-I-fpw a-W-n--Ifpw F- a-pw N-Xp-p-\n-e--fpw ip--P-eX-Sm-I--fpw I--m-Sp-I-fpw \n-d- X-S-tcJ B-U-am -\n-tm-_m Zzo-]-k-aq-l-s
a-t\m-l-cn-bm-p-p. k-ap-{Z-kzm-[o-\-m kao-Ir-X-am-b Im-em-h--bm-Wv s]m-Xp-sh Zr-iyam-hp--Xv. Ip-d- Xm-]-\n-e 16 Un-{Kn. B-{Zam-b cm-]-I-ep-I Zzo-]n-se Po-hn-Xw kp-J-I-cam-p-p. `q-N-e-\-km-[y-X sIm-m-hmw an-hm-dpw sI-n-S- X-I-c-hpw ss^-_-dpw ta-Xm-bn-cp-p. A-]q-h-am-bn am-{Xw tIm-{Io-v
sI-n-S- Im-W-s-p.
Zzo-]p-I-fn an--hm-dpw tI-c-f-n-se {Kmam--c--sf Hm-an-n-pw-hn-[w ]---g-m-h-bm-bn-cp-p. ssP-h-ssh-h-[y-am- k-kyk-ar-n F-pw Zr-iy-am-bn-cp-p. lm-hv tem-nse {Km-a---bn Kp-P, _-Zmw, ]-]o-Xm, ]Sm-Iv, am-_n hp-Uv, Np-bn, Npw-Kv emw Xp-S-nb A-t\-Iw a-c- X-g-p-\n-n-cp-p. I-S-temc-s I--h-\- h-W-i-_-f-hpw \n-Xyl-cn-X-bp-am-bn-cp-p. ssew-kv-tSm Kp-l-bn-tep- h-gn-I-fn k-ar--am-b ap-fw-Im-Sp-I Zriy-am-bn. hn-hn-[-bn-\w ap-f, Nq-c,]-\, Cu- Fn-h-bpw B-U-am Im-Sp-I-fn b-tY-w hf-cp-p. sX-n tXm-p-If
- pw F-
- p-cp-kk
- y-fpw tXm--r-jn-I-fpw ^-e-hr---fpw a-e-dn-I-fpw hm-g-bpw ssI-X---bpw a-pw Zzo-]pI-fp-sS D-{]-tZ-i--fn [m-cm-fw h-f-p-psh-n-epw H-cm-gv-N am-{Xw \o-p-\n- R--fpsS bm-{X-bn A-sXm-pw t\-cn-sN-v ImWm km-[n-n-.
s]m-Xp-sh ss\-k-Kn-I P-p-Pm-ew BU-am-\n Ip-d-hm-bm-Wv A-\p-`-h-s--Xv. A-]qhw ]p-n-am-\p-I-tf-bpw ]q-, ]-n h-K--sfbpw-am-{X-ta Im-Wm I-gn-p-p. D-jv-W-ta-Jem h-\-ta-J-e-I-fn-tm-epw A-]q-hw P-\pp-I-fn-ep- hn-j-an-m- D-c-K h-K-am-W-s{X
D--Xv. C-c-]n-Sn-p- I-S--n-I-sf Cu bm{X-bn H-cn-S-pw I--Xm-bn Hm-an-p-n-.
]-hn-g
- p-p-If
- n H-fn-n-cn-p- a-ky-Pm-eh
- pw
P-e-Po-hn-I-fpw I--bpw hn-hn-[-bn-\w ao-\p-Ifpw ap-p-n-n-bpw t{Sm--kv, S-t_m, {km-hv
C-\-n-s- a-y--fpw k-ap-{Z-k--n\n-v Zzo-]p-hm-kn-I-v e-`n-p-p. ( B-Uam k-ap-{Z-n-se H-cn-\w I-S-em-\-I-sf--n _n.
_n. kn sS-en-hn-j-\n h--Xv Hm-p-p.-)
F.-Un H--Xmw i-X-I-n A-d-_n h-I-m X-m-dm-n-b bm-{Xm-p-dn-p-I BU-am Zzo-]p-I-fp-sS N-cn-{Xw ]-d-bp-p. \-c-t`mPn-I-fp-sS {]-tZ-i-am-bm-Wv A-h-c-Xn-s\ tc-J-sSp-n-bX
- v. tSm-fa
- n-bpw am-tm-t]m-tfm-bpw Cu

BUam\nse skpem Pbn

Zzo-]p-If
- p-sS I-Y ]-db
- p-p-v. am-tm-t]m-tfm
' B-\v-K-am' F-m-Wp t]-cn-p-hn-fn--Xv. \ntm-tfm tIm-n' kp-h-W Zzo-s]-pw. \--cpsS Zzo-s]-m-Wv \n-tm-_m-dn-s\ hn-fn-p-t]m-Xv. B-bn-cw h-j--v ap-]v tNm-f-cm-Pmhm-b cm-tP-{-tNm-f ]m-bv---en \n-tm_m-dn F-n '\-m-h-c-s' Io-g-S-n-bt{X. \-m-h-cw \n-tm-_m X-s. B-U-am\n '\n-{Kn-tm ' h-K-hpw \n-tm-_m-dn 'awK-tfm-bn-Uv-' h-K-hpw Im-W-s-Sp-p. B-Zn-hmkn-I-fm-b \n-{Kn-tm h-K-m a-[y- D--c BU-am-\n-se Xo-c`
- q-an-bn A-[n-hk
- n-p-p. HmK-I, P-h-c-I, skn-\-ep-I F-o a-e-PmXn-m-cm-b Cu hn-`m-Kw ]-cn-jv-Ir-X-k-aq-l-hpam-bn h-en-b _-w ]p-e-m-sX im--cm-bn
I-gn-p-Iq-Sp-p. R--fp-sS bm-{X-bn _-cmSm-n-te-p- Im-\-\-]m-X-bn sh-v B-Ikv-an-I-am-bn c-p P-h-c bp-hm--sf Im-Wm Ign-p. _-en-jvT-am-b tZ-l-{]-Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb B bp-hm- X-e-bn Np-h- D-dp-am-ev sImv sI-n-bn-cp-p. A-h-cp-sS t\m-w kq-v-a-hpw
A--c-n-m--Xp-am-bn-cp-p. hm-l-\w I-S-pt]m-b-Xn-\p-ti-jw km-h-[m-\w \n-c-v ap-dn-p
I-S-p h-\-n-\p-n-te-v A-h a-d-p.
B-Ua
- m Zzo-]p-Is
- f i-cn-bm-bn A-dn-bm
H-cm-gv-N-m-ew a-Xn-bm-hn-. bm-{X-bpw
t^m-tm-{K-^n-bpw H-cp

e-l-cn-bm-bn A-\p-`-hn-p--Xv sIm-v Cu bm{X-bpw F-\n-v hn-{im-n-tb-Ip-p. bm-{X I-ebm-Wv-. Po-hn-X-s am-dn-\n-p Im-Wm-\p- Ie. Nn-e-c-Xv A-e--e-p t\-Sp-p. -e-]c-am-bn A-t\-Iw Im-X- ]n-n-Sp- bm-{XI F-\n--{X ]-Yy-a-. t]m-Ip-n-S--fn Hp \n-pw, \-S-pw, C-cp-pw, In-S-pw D-d-n-bpw
-e-n ap-gp-In-bpw {]-Ir-Xn-bn ap-n-bpw
\n-h-p-ap- bm-{X-bm-Wv F-\n-n-w. Cu Zzo]p-I-fn \n- F-v I-p F-p-tNm-Zn-m
D--c-an-. Zzo-]p-I-fn-\n-v Zzo-]p-I-fn-te-p A-e-k-am-b bm-{X-bm-Wv B-\-w. ]-I-apgp-h sh-bn-epw a-g-bpw \n-g-epw C-cp-fpw tNsm-cp-p- {]-Ir-Xn-bp-sS Nn-{X-im-e-bn Imgv-N-m-cm-bn C-cn-p-I am-{X-ta th-q. A-hn-sS
Im-gv-N-bp-sS a-g-hn-p-I \m-a-dn-bm-sX hn-S-cpp. {I-ta-W \- Im-gv-N-bm-hp-p. Cu bm-{Xbn F-\n-v \n-cm-i ]-I--Xv _-cm-S-n-se
I--h-\--fn-eq-sS t_m-n k--cn-ptm l-cn-X-iym-a-f-am-b h-\-`w-Kn Iym-a-d-bn
th--{X ]-I-m I-gn-n- F--Xm-Wv.
F-m a- \n-Xy-\pw B-Zn-Xy-\pw an-I-thmsS A-X-{X-bpw sam-ss_ Iym-a-d-bn H-nsb-Sp-p. Fs a--pw bm{X-sb I-e-bm-n-b
k- l - b m- { Xn- I - c m- b
tkm-bv-tam-\pw Ip-Spw_-n-\pw I-St- em-c
- v
\n-v an-\n s]-dp-n-sbSp- ]-hn-g--n-\pw
Hm-a-bp-sS B-{Z-ap-J-amWv .-.-.-.-