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  • Peptides and Ageing

    Diunggah oleh

    Mr. Pushparaj Ghodke
    215 tayangan2 halaman
    A PRESSRELEASE - Peptides and Ageing by Vladimir Khavinson The functions of cells, tissues, organs and the whole body are tuned by many means among which biologically active peptides occupy a special position. Peptides are protein-like molecules composed of a relatively small number of amino acids, usually within a dozen. However this is enough to provide for a great number of different amino acid combinations forming individual peptide species. Hundreds of biologically active peptides have been identified in human body and many still await identification. Each cell can produce several different peptides and respond to a whole array of peptide species. Altogether, this forms a tight regulatory network responding to subtle variations in body conditions and contributing to optimisation of body functions. Of course, biological regulation is performed not only by peptides but also by other signal molecules including low molecular weight neurotransmitters and hormones along with contacts of cells with other cells, in particular with neurons and their endings. However, these kinds of signals mediate commands for performing different body functions rather than their tuning, adjustment and maintenance. On the other hand, many pathological conditions are characterised by off-tuned functions. In particular, body tuning deteriorates in the course of ageing. So it is plausible that impairments in peptide production and action significantly contribute to what occurs in ageing. The above is an approximate presentation of the line of reasoning that has lead to the development a number of clinically useful peptide preparations by a research team headed by Prof. V. Kh. Khavinson at the Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology in Russia. This work started more than thirty years ago when Dr. Khavinson asked whether is it possible to restore the functions of important body organs by peptide preparations obtained from these organs? He chose to work with the pineal gland and the thymus. This proved to be a happy choice since the pineal gland is currently believed to be the main organ adjusting neuroendocrine body functions to the diurnal rhythm, and the thymus is known to be the central organ of the immune system. A somewhat straightforward, as it may seem, this approach proved to be highly productive. It soon has been found that Epithalamin, a peptide preparation from bovine epithalamus, the brain structure that comprises the pineal gland, improves impaired neuroendocrine functions in old female rats, in particular restores their reproductive functions, and also enhances immunity, and reduces the number of tumours, which can be explained by the known immunostimulating and anticancer activities of the pineal gland. Importantly, the lifespans of mice, rats, and even fruit flies treated with Epithalamin have been shown to significantly increase. Thymalin, a peptide preparation from the thymus, has also been found to stimulate immunity and inhibit carcinogenesis and to increase longevity in experimental animals. Both preparations have passed clinical tests and are now used to treat a number of age-associated diseases. In fact, trials carried out at the Institute of Gerontology of the Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, which for decades has been engaged in testing putative geroprotectors, have shown that, apart from vitamin and micronutrient complexes, Thymalin and Epithalamin are among quite a few preparations satisfying the criteria of geroprotector means appropriate for human use. The range of tissue-specific peptide preparations developed by V. Kh. Khavinson is not limited by the two above said ones and includes also Retinalamine, Prostatilen, and others designated after respective source organs and active in treating diseases of these organs. This series of complex peptide preparations is named Cytomedins. Further research has resulted in the development of an approach to designing of biologically active small pe

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    A PRESSRELEASE - Peptides and Ageing by Vladimir Khavinson The functions of cells, tissues, organs and the whole body are tuned by many means among which biologically active peptides occupy a special position. Peptides are protein-like molecules composed of a relatively small number of amino acids, usually within a dozen. However this is enough to provide for a great number of different amino acid combinations forming individual peptide species. Hundreds of biologically active peptides have been identified in human body and many still await identification. Each cell can produce several different peptides and respond to a whole array of peptide species. Altogether, this forms a tight regulatory network responding to subtle variations in body conditions and contributing to optimisation of body functions. Of course, biological regulation is performed not only by peptides but also by other signal molecules including low molecular weight neurotransmitters and hormones along with contacts of cells with other cells, in particular with neurons and their endings. However, these kinds of signals mediate commands for performing different body functions rather than their tuning, adjustment and maintenance. On the other hand, many pathological conditions are characterised by off-tuned functions. In particular, body tuning deteriorates in the course of ageing. So it is plausible that impairments in peptide production and action significantly contribute to what occurs in ageing. The above is an approximate presentation of the line of reasoning that has lead to the development a number of clinically useful peptide preparations by a research team headed by Prof. V. Kh. Khavinson at the Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology in Russia. This work started more than thirty years ago when Dr. Khavinson asked whether is it possible to restore the functions of important body organs by peptide preparations obtained from these organs? He chose to work with the pineal gland and the thymus. This proved to be a happy choice since the pineal gland is currently believed to be the main organ adjusting neuroendocrine body functions to the diurnal rhythm, and the thymus is known to be the central organ of the immune system. A somewhat straightforward, as it may seem, this approach proved to be highly productive. It soon has been found that Epithalamin, a peptide preparation from bovine epithalamus, the brain structure that comprises the pineal gland, improves impaired neuroendocrine functions in old female rats, in particular restores their reproductive functions, and also enhances immunity, and reduces the number of tumours, which can be explained by the known immunostimulating and anticancer activities of the pineal gland. Importantly, the lifespans of mice, rats, and even fruit flies treated with Epithalamin have been shown to significantly increase. Thymalin, a peptide preparation from the thymus, has also been found to stimulate immunity and inhibit carcinogenesis and to increase longevity in experimental animals. Both preparations have passed clinical tests and are now used to treat a number of age-associated diseases. In fact, trials carried out at the Institute of Gerontology of the Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, which for decades has been engaged in testing putative geroprotectors, have shown that, apart from vitamin and micronutrient complexes, Thymalin and Epithalamin are among quite a few preparations satisfying the criteria of geroprotector means appropriate for human use. The range of tissue-specific peptide preparations developed by V. Kh. Khavinson is not limited by the two above said ones and includes also Retinalamine, Prostatilen, and others designated after respective source organs and active in treating diseases of these organs. This series of complex peptide preparations is named Cytomedins. Further research has resulted in the development of an approach to designing of biologically active small pe

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    215 tayangan2 halaman

    Peptides and Ageing

    Diunggah oleh

    Mr. Pushparaj Ghodke
    A PRESSRELEASE - Peptides and Ageing by Vladimir Khavinson The functions of cells, tissues, organs and the whole body are tuned by many means among which biologically active peptides occupy a special position. Peptides are protein-like molecules composed of a relatively small number of amino acids, usually within a dozen. However this is enough to provide for a great number of different amino acid combinations forming individual peptide species. Hundreds of biologically active peptides have been identified in human body and many still await identification. Each cell can produce several different peptides and respond to a whole array of peptide species. Altogether, this forms a tight regulatory network responding to subtle variations in body conditions and contributing to optimisation of body functions. Of course, biological regulation is performed not only by peptides but also by other signal molecules including low molecular weight neurotransmitters and hormones along with contacts of cells with other cells, in particular with neurons and their endings. However, these kinds of signals mediate commands for performing different body functions rather than their tuning, adjustment and maintenance. On the other hand, many pathological conditions are characterised by off-tuned functions. In particular, body tuning deteriorates in the course of ageing. So it is plausible that impairments in peptide production and action significantly contribute to what occurs in ageing. The above is an approximate presentation of the line of reasoning that has lead to the development a number of clinically useful peptide preparations by a research team headed by Prof. V. Kh. Khavinson at the Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology in Russia. This work started more than thirty years ago when Dr. Khavinson asked whether is it possible to restore the functions of important body organs by peptide preparations obtained from these organs? He chose to work with the pineal gland and the thymus. This proved to be a happy choice since the pineal gland is currently believed to be the main organ adjusting neuroendocrine body functions to the diurnal rhythm, and the thymus is known to be the central organ of the immune system. A somewhat straightforward, as it may seem, this approach proved to be highly productive. It soon has been found that Epithalamin, a peptide preparation from bovine epithalamus, the brain structure that comprises the pineal gland, improves impaired neuroendocrine functions in old female rats, in particular restores their reproductive functions, and also enhances immunity, and reduces the number of tumours, which can be explained by the known immunostimulating and anticancer activities of the pineal gland. Importantly, the lifespans of mice, rats, and even fruit flies treated with Epithalamin have been shown to significantly increase. Thymalin, a peptide preparation from the thymus, has also been found to stimulate immunity and inhibit carcinogenesis and to increase longevity in experimental animals. Both preparations have passed clinical tests and are now used to treat a number of age-associated diseases. In fact, trials carried out at the Institute of Gerontology of the Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, which for decades has been engaged in testing putative geroprotectors, have shown that, apart from vitamin and micronutrient complexes, Thymalin and Epithalamin are among quite a few preparations satisfying the criteria of geroprotector means appropriate for human use. The range of tissue-specific peptide preparations developed by V. Kh. Khavinson is not limited by the two above said ones and includes also Retinalamine, Prostatilen, and others designated after respective source organs and active in treating diseases of these organs. This series of complex peptide preparations is named Cytomedins. Further research has resulted in the development of an approach to designing of biologically active small pe

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    Neuroendocrinology Letters

    www.nel.edu
    PEPTIDES
    and
    AGEING
    Vladimir Kh. Khavinson
    Vladimir Kh. Khavinson
    Director of the St.Petersburg Institute
    of Bioregulation and Gerontology of
    the North-Western Department of the
    Russian Academy of Medical Sciences,
    PEPTIDES
    graduate of the Military Medical Academy of the Russian Fed-
    eration, Vice-President of the Gerontological Society of the
    Russian Academy of Sciences, Associate Member of the Rus-
    and
    sian Academy of Medical Sciences, Professor, Doctor of Medi-
    cal Sciences, Distinguished Inventor of the Russian Federa-
    tion, Winner of the USSR Council of Ministers Prize, author
    AGEING
    of over 400 research publications, inventions and patents.
    The objective of the book is to describe the main findings and
    concepts that have emerged during about three decades of stud-
    ies of the role of biologically active peptides in ageing. Chapter
    1 presents a brief introduction to the basics of peptide biology.
    There are emphasized those aspects of peptide biology, which
    are most relevant to the biology of ageing and to the clinical
    use of biologically active peptides. Chapter 2 is a review of the
    main experimental findings – from isolation of the first biologi-
    cally active peptide preparations from the thymus and pineal
    gland in early 70-ies to the construction of small biologically
    active peptides with defined structures. Among the biological
    effects of the peptides the most notable refer to their ability to d i r e c t o r of Saint Petersburg Institute
    improve many immunological and endocrine functions under- of Bioregulation and Gerontology of the North-Western Branch
    going a progressive impairment in the course of ageing and to of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
    increase the lifespan of mice, rats, and fruit flies in different v i c e - p r e s i d e n t of the Gerontological Society
    experimental settings. These findings have provided the basis of the Russian Academy of Sciences
    for the concept of tissue-specific effects of peptides obtained a s s o c i at e m e m b e r of the Russian Academy
    from respective body organs and for the peptide theory of ageing of Medical Sciences
    advocated by the author. The most recent findings suggest
    that the effects of the peptides under consideration are real-
    ized through changes in gene activity. Chapter 3 describes clini-
    cal effects of the complex peptide preparations and synthetic
    peptides, 6 of which are included into the State Pharmacopoeia
    of Russia. These therapeutics seems to ameliorate many patho-
    logical conditions typical of human ageing. In fact, clinical trials
    have shown that the two of the peptide preparations, Thy-
    malin and Epithalamin, are among few pharmaceuticals pro-
    ducing anti-ageing or geroprotective effect in humans. On the
    whole, the book may be useful for clinicians and biomedical
    researchers. It may suggest novel approaches to widespread
    Society of Integrated Sciences
    ·· · · ·
    clinical problems and provide challenges that can drive further
    research in the field of biologically active peptides and biology
    of ageing.
    prague tokyo
    tallinn
    new york
    heidelberg
    st.petersburg
    bratislava rome ·
    Neuroendocrinology Letters Vol. 23, Suppl.3, 2002. Special Issue
    www.nel.edu
    FOREWORD Neuroendocrinology Letters Vol.23 Supplement 3
    contents

    s c a n n i n g of the latest issues of periodicals specialised in ageing PEPTIDES and AGEING


    research may draw a gerontologist’s attention to a number of publications
    that describe the effects of peptide preparations developed in Russia at
    the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. The authors foreword · introduction
    claim that their products are able to render a whole range of effects gener-
    ally believed to be beneficial for the inhibition of ageing and age-associ- chapter i
    ated diseases. It is noteworthy that some of the preparations are included Aspects of peptide biology • General considerations • Reg-
    into the State Russian Pharmacopoeia and used in clinics for good as it ulatory peptides • Ageing and peptides
    comes out. Moreover, the authors report that some of the preparations
    increase the lifespan and slow down ageing rate in a bewilderingly broad chapter ii
    range of experimental settings: from mature Drosophila flies whose larvae Experimental studies of the anti-ageing effects of peptide
    have been treated with an unprecedentedly low dose of the preparations preparations • General characteristic of peptide prepara-
    to rats and mice treated lifelong.
    tions • Complex peptide preparations (Cytomedins) • Synthe-
    a m o n g other outcomes it has been reported that a synthetic tet-
    rapeptide designed basing on amino acid composition of a mixture of tic small peptides (Cytogens)
    peptides extracted from the pineal gland could restore melatonin produc- Effects of peptide preparations on ageing, longevity, and
    tion in old monkeys, reduce spontaneous and induced tumour incidence spontaneous carcinogenesis • Epithalamin, ageing rate, and
    in rats and mice, enhance antioxidant defence in flies, rats, and humans, lifespan • Effects of Epithalamin and Thymalin on lifespan and
    and slow down retinal degeneration in rats with Retinitis Pigmentosa. All
    spontaneous carcinogenesis in rodents Epitalon, ageing rate,
    this is a result of more than thirty years of research effort, which mostly
    remained concealed being reported in obscure Russian journals unavail- and lifespan • Effects of Epitalon, Thymogen, and Vilon on lifes-
    able to the Western audience. pan and spontaneous carcinogenesis in rodents
    n o w , thanks to this book, for which this foreword has been written, Effects of peptide preparations on the factors and corre-
    the entire range of evidences that substantiate the advances achieved by lates of ageing • Antioxidant defences • Effects of Epithalamin
    the developers of the preparations in question is open to anyone. So, it is
    • Effects of Epitalon and Vilon • Immunity • Effects of Thy-
    up to readers to decide whether they believe what they read or not. Of
    course, although the book fills many gaps evident from the first glance at malin • Effects of Thymogen and Vilon • Comparative studies
    scattered publications, it exposes other gaps not filled by research. It is only of immunomodulating activities of Thymalin, Thymogen, and
    quite recently that the most advanced methods of modern biology includ- Vilon • Carcinogenesis • Effects of Epithalamin and Thymalin
    ing DNA-microarray have been used to get a better insight into mecha- on induced carcinogenesis in rodents • Effects of Epitalon, Thy-
    nisms of action of the peptides described in this book. Hopefully, it will
    mogen, and Vilon on induced carcinogenesis in rodents • Tis-
    stimulate efforts to control the data expose, confirm the results obtained,
    regarding the biological and clinical activity of the peptide developed in sue regeneration and degeneration. Tissue-specific effects of
    St.Petersburgas well as to understand the mechanisms of action of these peptide preparations in tissue and cell cultures • Effects of pep-
    preparations. tide preparations on tissue regeneration in vivo • Effects of Epi-
    Professor Mario Passeri talon on visual functions in Campbell rats with hereditary pig-

    CONTENTS
    P r e s i dent mented retinal degeneration • Neuroendocrine system • Neu-
    E u r o pean Region
    I n t e rnational Association of Gerontology
    roendocrine effects of Thymalin, Thymogen, and Vilon • Effects
    of Epithalamin on the reproductive system • Effects of Epithala-
    ¨ Yes please, send me PEPTIDES AND AGEING min and Epitalon on the pineal gland • Gene expression • Mito-
    hard cover, 144 pages. With 30 Tables and 14 Figures chondrial functions • Summary and conclusions
    BEFORE OCTOBER 31, 2002: USD 69.00 chapter iii
    AFTER OCTOBER 31, 2002: USD 86.00
    All prices excluded postage & handling Clinical studies of peptide preparations
    ¨ Yes, I would like to enter a subscription to • Epithalamin • Hereditary predisposition to age-associated
    diseases • Age-associated diseases • Premature senescence •
    ORDER HERE

    Neuroendocrinology Letters ISSN 0172-780X

    –
    6 issues per year including Supplements. Climacteric cardiomyopathy • Cancer after radio- or chemo-
    Web site: www.nel.edu E-mail to: publisher@nel.edu therapy • Aspirin-induced asthma • Asthenic syndrome • Thy-
    COMMENTS
    ¨ institutional USD 430.00 malin. Conditions after thymectomy • Age-associated diseases
    ¨ personal USD 260.00 Payment method:
    • Cancer after radio- or chemotherapy • Thymogen • Infec-
    ¨ Check enclosed ¨ Invoice me ¨ Visa/MasterCard
    tious diseases • Immune impairments • Other diseases • Vilon.
    Card No: Exp. date:
    Chronic inflammations and infections • Cancer after radiation
    Name and full address: therapy • Cortexin • Circulatory encephalopathies • Retinala-
    min • Retinalamin in eye disease treatment • Retinalamin in
    combination with other Cytomedin preparations in eye disease
    treatment • Prostatilen • Prostate adenoma • Prostatitis • Male
    Signature/Date:
    sexual dysfunctions • Summary and conclusions
    E-Mail:
    general discussion · references
    PLEASE SEND THIS TO: Neuroendocrinology Letters,
    Mail Box 377, Birger Jarlsgatan 39, 111 73 Stockholm, Sweden.

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