Health

Chapter 14: Personal Care

By: Chayanin, Natasha, and Nutnicha K.

Section 1: Your Teeth and Gums The teeth and Gums Cementum is covers a tooths root and helps to anchor the tooth to the jawbone.

Section 1: Your Teeth and Gums The teeth and Gums Dentin is a living material that makes up the majority of a tooth.

Section 1: Your Teeth and Gums The teeth and Gums Pulp is a soft tissue

The teeth and Gums

Healthy gums fit tightly around the neck of each tooth like a collar, holding it firmly in place.

Structural Problems
The changes that occur in the jaws throughout the grow years can lead to structural problems. When the upper and lower teeth do not meet properly, the condition is know as a malocclusion, or improper bite.

Structural Problems
People with malocclusion, or people with crooked teeth, may seek the help of an orthodontist.

Caring for Your Teeth and Gums

Failing to properly maintain your teeth and gums can also cause mouth pain and an embarrassing condition called halitosis, or bad breath. A healthy diet, proper tooth care, and regular dental checkups can prevent tooth decay and gum disease.

Caring for Your Teeth and Gums

Your mouth is full of bacteria that adhere to your teeth in a sticky film called plaque

Caring for Your Teeth and Gums

Plaque can damage the gum to if do not removed it within 48 hours, it begins to harden into a material called tartar. The gum irritation caused by plaque and tartar eventually can lead to periodontal disease, or gum disease.

Section 2: Your Skin, Hair, and Nails

In the section 2, you will know how to take care your skin, hair, and nails properly. You will also know what are the function of skin, hair, and nails.

Your Skin
The skin covers and protects the body from injury, infection, and water loss. The skin also helps to regulate body temperature and gathers information from the environment.

Acne
One common skin problem in teens is acne.

 Greasy food and chocolate do not produce acne. Hormones, heredity, and stress are some factors that influence acne to outbreaks.

Eczema
Eczema is a condition which skin becomes red, swollen, hot, and itchy. Eczema can be treating with a medication applied to the skin.

Treating Skin Infections

Warts is a harden growths of the skin that are caused by viruses. Boils are painful and swollen infections of hair follicles caused by bacteria. Ringworm is caused by fungi. It will produce in moist place and cause red, scaly, ringshaped on the skin.

Your Hair
Hair protects the scalp from sunlight and provides insulation from the cold. Hairs in the nostrils and ears and your eyelashes, prevent debris from entering the body.

Caring for your hair

Frequent brushing of your hair will remove excess dirt and makes your hair shine. Shampooing removes dirt and oil that is build up from sebaceous gland secretion.

Hair Problems
Hair lice Dandruff

Your Nails
The tough, platelike nails cover and protect the tips of your fingers and toes, which come in frequent contact with objects in your environment.

Caring for your nail

Keeping your nails short and clean will help prevent the spread of microorganism. Jagged edges may dig into your skin and cause infection. Your nails should be smooth. Avoid biting your nails.

Nail Problems
Ingrown toenail is when nail grows inside the skin. You should treat it properly or else it will be infected. Fungal infection is often happen with wet hands or feet. It will be thick and discolor with white markings.

Section 3: Your Eyes and Ears.

The eyes are complex organs that respond to light by sending impulses. Your brain then interprets the impulses as images.

Eyes

Caring for your eyes

optometrist a professional who provides eye and vision care. There are 3 vision problems Nearsightedness
Farsightedness

Astigmatism

Treating Eye Diseases

Glaucoma- slow the drainage of liquid from the eye and the result is buildup of pressure in the eye. Cataracts- is the clouding of the eyes lens.

Treating Eye Diseases

Detached Retina- Aging or an injury to the eye can cause the retina to separate from the lining of the eye. Macular Degeneration- This condition occurs when cells in the center of the retina break down.

Your Ears
The ears convert sounds into nerve impulses that your brain interprets. In addition, structures in the ear detect the position and movement of your head. The outer ear - At the end of the canal is a thin membrane called the eardrum. The middle ear

Your Ears
The inner ear - Vibrations are passed through the oval window to a hollow, coiled tube filled with fluid called the cochlea. The inner ear and balance - Above the cochlea in your inner ear are the semicircular canals, structures that send information to your brain about the movements of your head.

Caring for Your Ears

Besides keeping your ears drum clean, you also need to monitor noise levels. In addition, you should see a doctor if you experience ear pain or hearing difficulties. Ear care Monitoring noise levels Treating ear infections Treating hearing problems - Audiologists are professional who are trained to evaluate hearing and treat hearing loss.

Section 4 : Sleep and Feeling Fit

Some people think of sleep as wasted time, it is actually just as important to the body as air, water, and food.

During sleep, your muscles relax, your breathing and heart rate decrease, and your body temperature drops slightly.

Benefit of Sleep
Scientists have yet to agree on the reason why people sleep. But their research has uncovered a number of possible benefits of sleep. During sleep, your brain sorts the days information. Learning and the storage of memories may occur.

Benefit of Sleep
The healing of body tissues occurs during sleep. For example, the damage done to muscle tissue after a workout heals while you sleep. Adequate sleep helps the immune system to function properly. Adequate sleep may help prevent some diseases, such as diabetes.

Some Effects of Sleep Loss

Depression Problems with focusing and paying attention

Difficulties learning
Increased risk of illness Increased risk of motor vehicle crashes

The Sleep Cycle

As you sleep, your body and brain go through period of light and heavy sleep.

first, you enter non rapid eye movement sleep (NREM)

The Sleep Cycle

As you pass through the four stages of NREM sleep, your body gradually reaches a state of deep relaxation. During REM sleep, your eyes flicker rapidly behind closed eyelids, and there is a high level of brain activity. This is also the stage of dream.

Sleep Disorders
A number of sleep disorders can affect your health. Sleep disorders should not be ignored. If you experience symptoms of any of these disorders, you should see a doctor for treatment. Insomnia- refers to difficulties falling asleep or staying asleep. Insomnia can be caused by stress or some physical problems.

Sleep Disorders
Sleep apnea- is a disorder in which a person stops breathing for short periods during sleep

Narcolepsy- is a disorder in which a person experiences severe sleepiness during the day,

Teens and Sleep

Circadian rhythm- the bodys internal system for regulating behavior patterns during a 24 hour cycle. Go to bed and wake up at the same times each day, even on weekends. Avoid bright lights at night. After waking, expose yourself to bright light as soon as possible.

Teen and Sleep

Avoid caffeine and sugary food after noon. Exercise regularly, but not right before bedtime. Dont fall asleep with the television on.

Teen and Sleep

Avoid all-nighters, which disrupt your sleep patterns. If you nap, do not let your naps interfere with your regular sleep patterns. If you cant fall asleep, get up and do something relaxing until you feel tired.

Quiz!!!!!!!!
1. What is one way of caring for your teeth and gums? 2. What is skin problem in teen? 3. ____________ a layer of cells that lines the back of the eye. 4. The ears convert sound into ____________. 5. What is sleep apnea?