Fuel modulation and hormonal regulation of energy metabolism in exercise

Ms.Regi Raymon Sharmelee Fernando Queen Marys College

The main fuel sources available for exercise

Jeukendrup & Gleeson 2004

Amount of energy stored in an individual

Energy source ATP &Creatine phosphate Gram 2 Calories 5

Serum glucose
Liver glycogen Muscle glycogen Serum TG Muscle TG Adipose TG

5
100 375 10 280 9000

20
400 1500 90 2500 80,000

Role of carbohydrate
Carbohydrates give Fast ATP production ATP production anaerobically More calories/litre of oxygen Primary use by fast twitch muscle fibres

Role of Carbohydrate
Preferred fuel for high Intensity exercise Strength &power athletes 8-10g/kg body weight Needed to restore Muscle glycogen levels

ROLE OF FAT
Fat gives Slow ATP production Used by slow twitch muscle fibres Women on moderate intensity long duration exercise depend more on fat oxidation due to estrogen.

SUBSTRATE USE AFTER 30 MINUTES EXERCISE AT 3 DIFFERENT INTENSITIES

300

200

Muscle glycogen

100

Muscle triglyceride Plasma FFA Plasma glucose

25

65

85

% of Maximum Oxygen consumed

HOW LONG WILL THE FUELS LAST IF USED ALONE

IN RUNNING Fat 830 miles Carbohydrate-20 miles ATP-CP-90 yards(a football court) Protein-300 miles

Assumption-energy cost of running a mile-100cal

ROLE OF INSULIN

EXERCISE

PLASMA INSULIN
PANCREAS GLAND

ENTRY OF GLUCOSE INTO SKELETAL MUSCLE DUE TO GLUT-4

ROLE OF GLUCAGON

EXERCISE

GLUCAGON
PANCREAS GLAND

GLYCOGENOLYSIS

ROLE OF CATECHOLAMINES

EXERCISE

EPINEPHRINE &NOREPINEPHRINE

MOBILISATION OF FAT

The only exercise some people get is jumping to conclusions, running down their friends,side-stepping responsibility and pushing their luck.