Here are the registers concerned :

ADMUX

Bits 7,6 (REFS 1,0) are for voltage reference selection. We set them to 1,0 for
selecting AVCC as the reference voltage.

Bits 5 (ADLAR) left aligns the result. That way, we can read the 8 most
significant bits by reading ADCH and ignore the last 2 (stored in ADCL) if needed.

Bits 4,3,2,1,0 are the bits to select which of the 8 channels to use as input.

ADCSRA

Bit 7 (ADCEN) enables ADC

Bit 6 (ADSC) starts an ADC conversion if set.

Bit 5 (ADATE) enables Auto Triggering of ADC.

Bit 4 (ADIF) is the ADC Interrupt Flag. It is set when an ADC conversion is
complete.

Bit 3 (ADIE) enables the interrupt on ADC Conversion complete.

Bits 2,1,0 (ADPS) is the ADC Prescaler Select, for selection of the prescaler.

ADCH and ADCL store the results of the conversion.

If ADLAR is enabled the 8 most significant bits are in ADCH and the least 2
significant bits are in ADCL.
If ADLAR is disabled the 2 most significant bits are in ADCH and the least 8
significant bits are in ADCL.