DATABASE MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

PROJECT ON
POLICE STATION
(GULSHAN RAVI)

PRESENTED TO

SIR ZEESHAN AHMER

PRESENTED BY

FATIMA JEHANGIR 46
BUSHRA WAJID 41
SABAHAT ZULFIQAR 56
FARIHA SATTAR 42
NAVEED KOUSAR 44

MBA (SEMESTER 2)
2003-2005

INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS
ADMINISTRARTION,
UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB,
QUAID-E-AZAM CAMPUS,
LAHORE.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

All praise for Almighty Allah for guiding us in hardships and all respect for Holy
Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) for showing us the light of truth.
We pay special gratitude to our respected parents who have an important impact on
our thinking and their advice and insights contributed to numerous improvements.
We are very thankful to Sir Haseeb and all other coordinators in the computer lab
who helped us during the extensive work of this assignment with patience when asked.
Finally, we would like to thank our Course Instructor, Sir Zeeshan Ahmer for
giving us this opportunity to learn things practically and whose guidance is a constant
source of inspiration for us, which enabled us to accomplish the assignment.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
FLOW OF SYSTEM
DATA DICTIONARY
PROBLEM DEFINITION
STUDY OF SYSTEM
PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTIONS
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

LOGICAL MODEL
ENTITIES
ATTRIBUTES OF ENTITIES
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ENTITIES
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
PROPOSAL FOR NEW SYSTEM

IMPLEMENTATION ON MS-ACCESS
TABLES IN MS-ACCESS
FORMS IN MS-ACCESS
ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
QUERIES
REPORTS
INTRODUCTION
 INTRODUCTION

The safety and protection of human rights has been remained the most important
issue for every country because until and unless the rights of human beings are not
protected, no country can imagine of its existence. It is the responsibility of every
country’s government to protect the freedom and rights of all human beings with no
discrimination so that every individual can lead his life with his own choice without
violating the rules and regulations set by the government of that country.
Although it is the government responsibility to safeguard human rights but to take
care of human rights was not convenient for the government. So in order to fulfill this
task, government formed a special platform for that purpose known as Police Station. In
this way, the responsibility to protect the human rights was handed over to the police
officers.
Since then, the police officers have been working to provide peaceful
environment to the citizens where they can work according to their wish. The police
officers are expected to work with great diligence under difficult circumstances.
Whenever a person faces some problem he goes to police station for help, then it is the
police headache to help that person coming out of that problem.
Police officers perform every kind of duty to protect the citizens’rights but
generally four main objectives come under their duty which are:
 Traffic safety
 Crime reduction
 Violence prevention
 Drug abuse education
 All these objectives are carried through the most important aspect that is display
of dare.

The police officers are taught during their training that they have to show their
maximum boldness and dare while performing their duty. Because they have to deal with
the criminals some of which may be very powerful or strong but a police officer’s duty is
to fight with criminals at any cost even without thinking of their lives.
In Pakistan, police is also performing these duties and objectives but our system
requires many improvements. People here usually remain afraid of police due to many
reasons. They believe that police is not sincere with its duty and they might be caught in
any serious problem if they go against with police.
Besides its negative points, police also provides safety to citizens. It always
remains steady for arresting any criminal who is a threat for the safety of society. After
registering the FIR from any citizen, police starts its work and on that basis it arrests the
criminals if proofs are found against them. Once the criminals are caught then police
starts its investigation from the criminals. Torture is also employed to obtain confessions
or information from criminals about a case.
After getting all the proofs against the criminal, it is the duty of the police to
present all the proofs honestly to the court so that the right man can get right punishment.
Along with police, it is also the duty of every citizen to fully cooperate with the police
for the purpose of providing all the necessary information to the police when needed. The
true and right information provided by the people to police will help a lot in arresting the
criminals who try to spoil the peaceful environment of society.
Although facilities are provided to police to lead a good life but still the
remuneration and training of police officers require substantial improvements. They
perform hard duty as compared to other professionals but their remuneration is very low.
They can not afford all the facilities of modern age for their family. This may result in
negligence of their duty.
 Along with low salary scale, facilities of modern technology such as
computerized system of keeping records are not provided to police department which
causes low efficiency. As it is the age of computers and all the organizations today use
computers in maintaining their records, so this facility should also be given to police
department in order to increase their efficiency and to save their time.

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

OF
POLICE STATION
 FLOW OF THE SYSTEM
(FIR AGAINST PROPERTY)

1. FIR Logged
2. Assigned to an investigation officer ( Case diary opened).
3. Arrest of a person
If (Yes)
Verification of the person
If (No)
• Warrant
• Proclain offender
• Entry in register 4.
4. Entry in Daily Diary.
5. Remand
• Physical remand
- Go to police station.
- Lock up
- Entry in daily dairy.
• Judicial remand
- court appearance.
6. Investigation officer will make a challan
 7. The challan is then signed by S.H.O.
8. Entry is made in Road Certificate.
9. Despatch the challan to prosecution branch.
10. Receipt of the challan is returned by prosecution branch, to Mohrer (Clerk) of the
station.

NOTE

In case of recovery, recovered case property will be handed back to the owner
on SUPERDARY (responsibility) ordered by competent court.

11. Responsibilities of the station are closed.

12. Prosecution branch will scrutinize the challan according to police Rule 27-
I, if challan is ok, it is submitted to the court after entry in register, else it is
returned to the station .
13. Trail in court begin. After decision conviction slip will be send back to the
station.
DATA DICTIONARY
 DATA DICTIONARY

MOHARAR

He is a person who is responsible of keeping all the data records in a police station

SHO (STATION HOUSE OFFICER)

A high ranking officer (ASI or above) who is in charge of a police station

WARRANT
A legal document issued by a competent court that empowers the police about some
legal matter

ROAD CERTIFICATE

A certificate signed by the SHO before a challan is sent to the Prosecution Branch
A certificate issued after the decision of a trial regarding the conviction of an n
accused

PROSECUTION BRANCH

A specialized police branch that scrutinizes the challan sent by the police station and
correct loopholes in that case.
 ASI

Assistant Sub Inspector

SI

Sub Inspector

SP

Superintendent of Police

DSP

Depute Pretending of Police

DIG

Deputy Inspector General Of Police

IG

Inspector General of Police

COMPLAINANT:

A person who is seeking legal help form police station or he has some problem or
complaints regarding the matters under the jurisdiction of police.

INFORMANT

A person who brings the news of some criminal incident. He may be a passer by or a
person by himself or may be a professional tout.

CASE DIARY

A file in which daily detail of a case are written down by the investigating officer
 DAILY DIARY

A register in which all the events happening in a police station is record. It is updated
on per day bases and is of vital importance in a traditional “Thana” culture.

F.I.R. (First Investigation Report)

FIR is launched by a complainant and is usually written down by the Mohrar. It

includes the details about the complaint and the initial actions are taken to insure the
law and order situation.

PROBLEM STATEMEMT

Policemen are facing problem in recording their major data manually

and in its updation and retrieval.
 STUDY OF EXISTING SYSTEM

Data is recorded in two ways in a Police Station:

 Manual Recording

All the general complaints and reports (Theft, Robbery, Murder, etc.) are
managed manually.

 Computerized Recording:

Whereas the complaints against the theft of registered-vehicles and data

keeping of driving licences is organized with the help of computer system
 PROBLEMS
AND
SUGGESTIONS
 PROBLEMS
Police order 2002 as replaced Police Act 1861. The inherited problems
have been carried on in the new Police Order 2002. Some of the century-long
problems faced by the police internally and public are as follows:

 Burking of registration of cases.

Police shirk frequent registration of cases to show their efficiency
viz-à-viz escape from wrath of senior officers.

 Long duty house of Police Forces:

Police officers are 24hrs-employee and gazetted holidays are not
admissible to them. Due to long duty hours they are tired and as not
allowed due to rest they become spleeny effecting Public Relation

 Salaries:
 They are low paid government employees. The salaries are too
less as compared to their authoritative powers. Because of non- balance in
income and authority, they are tempted to accept gratification.

 Police lacks training to tackle the problem.

Due to the increase in education or media-corporation, criminals
have adopted most modern techniques for the commission of crime.

 The increase in the population

The increase in the population has out-numbered Police Force.

 Non-corporation of Public:
Non-corporation of public in arresting the crimes: Police evade to
join any investigation because of police attitude and criminals’ threat.

 Manual recording or registering

Finally the major problem faced by the police officers is that they have to
make their major recordings manually in the registers. This takes a lot of
time in storage, retrieval and updating of data.
 SUGGESTIONS

Following are the suggestions to overcome these major problems faced by the Police
Force:

 Police officers may not be held responsible for increase in registration

of cases or crimes on account of free of registration.

 They be allowed a holiday once in a week. The duty hours must be

curtailed to not more than 10 hrs a day.

 Their pay scales be revised and enhanced, be provided maximum

facilities to counter any offers or consideration.

 Strength needs increase or improvement.

 Public be Educated to discharge their responsibilities as a good

citizen.

 Their recording system should be computerized so that officers will

not face any problem in storage, retrieval and updating of data. Also it
will save their cost and time
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
Provisional Police Officers (I.G)

Deputy Inspector General Of Police (D.I.G)

Superintendent Of Police (S.P)

Deputy Superintendent Of Police (D.S.P)

Assistant Superintendent Of Police (A.S.P)

Inspector (Is)

Sub- Inspector (S.I)

Assistant Sub- Inspector (A.S.I)

Head constable

Constable
 PROPOSAL FOR IMPROVED SYSTEM

What we suggest to them is that they should store and maintain their
data in computerized form .It is easy to store huge information in
computers than manually which will save their time and cost both.
Through computers it will be easy for them to update any information
and its retrieval. They should create DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM in order to maintain their records and should be given proper
training in this regard to everyone.
LOGICAL
MODEL
 ENTITIES

Entities are the element (person , place, object, event)that make up an

organizational system, about which the organization wishes to maintain data.

Entities of the System

Entities engaged in the police department regarding this project are
 Accused
 Case
 Outcome
 Investigation Officer ID
 Section of Law
 Complainant
 ATTRIBUTES OF THE ENTITIES

The various attributes of the entities are as follows

Accused
Attributes include accused-id, name, father name, nic, and case-id.

Case
Attributes include case-id, investigation officer-id, and case-detail.

Outcome
Attributes include outcome-id, case-id, complainant-id, accused-id
,outcome detail, and investigation officer-id, section-id.

Investigation-Officer
Attributes include investigation officer-id, name and case-id.

Section of law
Attributes include section-id, case-id, and section of law.

Complainant
Attributes include Complainant-id, name, father’s name, nic, address,
and case-id, date-of-FIR.
 RELATIONSHIPS
Relationship is an association that describe the interaction between the
entities. Relationship are of three types

 One to One
 One to Many
 Many to Many

Relationship between entities and the type of relationship

Following type of relationship exist between the entities of the system.
1. There is one to many relationship between investigation officer and case
because we assumed that one investigation officer can handle many cases.
2. There is one to many relationship between case and accused because many
accused can be involved in one case.
3. There is one to one relationship between accused and outcome because there
is only one outcome for each accused.
4. There is one to one relationship between complainant and outcome because
there will be one outcome for each complaint by complainant.
5. There is one to one relationship between section of law and outcome because
one section of law has one outcome or result.
6. There is one – one relationship between case and outcome because one case
has only one outcome.
 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

Accused-id Name Complainant-

NI
Accused
Case-
Father-name -id
Accused

1 1 Outcome
H
M
Case-id

H Investigatio Outcom
n officer-id e detail
Case-
1
Investigati 1 1
Case on officer-

M
Case detail
Have
H H
Investigatio
Name n officer-id 1
1

Investigation Case-
officer-id 1
Father’
s
Case-id M Name

H
ave M complainant
H
1 1

Section of law
Complainant-
Addres
NIC id
Section of
law Case-
IMPLEMENTATION
ON
MS ACCESS
TABLES
 FIELD NAMES AND DATA TYPES

The field names of all the tables used and their data type are given
below.
Accused

Field Name Data Type

Accused-id Number
Name Text
Father’s Name Text
NIC Text
Case-id Number

• The primary key used in the accused table is accused-id.

• The foreign key in the accused table is case-id from case table.

• Field property of field NIC has been changed according to requirement.

There is a change in input mask i.e. 00000-0000000-0

Case

Field Name Data Type

Case-id Number
Case-detail Text
Investigating-officer-id Number

• The primary key used in the table case is case-id.

• The foreign key involved in this table is investigating-officer-id
 Complainant

Field Name Data Type

Complainant-id Number
Name Text
Father’s Name Text
NIC Text
Address Text
Case-id Number
Date-of-FIR Date/time

• The primary key in this table is complainant-id

• The foreign key is case-id
• The field properties of field NIC has been changed according to
requirements. There is a change in input mask i.e. 00000-0000000-0
• The field properties of date of FIR is 99/99/0000

Investigation-officer

Field Name Data Type

Investigating-officer-id Number
Name Text
Case-id Number

• The primary key used in the table is investigation officer-id.

• The foreign key on the investigation officer-id is case-id.
 Outcome

Field Name Data Type

Outcome-id Number
Case-id Number
Complainant-id Number
Accused-id Number
Outcome-detail Text
Section-id Number

• The primary key in this table is Outcome-id

• The foreign keys are complainant-id,case-id, section-id and accused-id

Section of law

Field Name Data Type

Section-id Number
Case-id Number
Section-of-law Number

• The primary key used in this table is secton-id

• Foreign key is case-id.
 FORMS

ACCUSED
Accused
accused-id name father-name NIC case-id
1 ali akbar wajid ali 12546-1254785-7 1
2 malik faisal naveed shahid 25478-3698547-5 2
3 zeeshan ahmad ijaz ahmad 25896-4789653-3 3
4 zahid badar badar hussain 14789-6985725-3 4
 Accused
accused-id name father-name NIC case-id
5 shahid bashir bashir ahmad 25789-2589634-3 5

CASE
Case
Investigating-officer-
case-id case-detail
id
1 mobile stolen 2
2 crime against property 3
3 murder 1
4 smuggling of arms 4
5 teasing a women 5

COMPLAINANT
complainant
complainant- father- case- Date of
name NIC address
id name id FIR
1 javaid akbar M. akbar 96857- 15-c samnabad 1 7/15/2004
2514783-9 lahore
2 shahzad shah khan 25478- 50-g gulshan ravi 2 6/16/2004
mughal 3698527-8 lahore
3 saif ali sattar 25879- 6-d multan road 3 5/13/2003
saleem 3697412-5 lahore
4 shahid salman 25478- 75-b tauheed 4 12/4/2004
salman khan 3698524-2 park lahore
5 rauf khalid khalid 36984- 85-e samnabad 5 5/3/2004
aziz 2589632-1 lahore

INVESTIGATION-OFFICER
 investigation-officer
investigating-officer-id name case-id
1 adnan ahmad 3
2 azim khan 1
3 bilal ali 2
4 asif ahmad 4
5 babar javaid 5

OUTCOME
outcome
outcome-id case-id complainant-id Outcome-detail Accused-id Section-id
1 1 1 1 month jail 1 1
2 2 2 fine 150000 2 2
3 3 3 to be hanged 3 3
4 4 4 10 years jail and fine 5 crore 4 4
5 5 5 2 months jail 5 5

SECTION-OF-LAW

section-of-law
section-id section-of-law Case-id
1 381 1
2 402 2
3 302 3
4 433 4
5 354 5
QUERIES
 QUERY 1:
Suppose D.I.G. wants to know that which investigation officer is handling
which case, following query will be used to show all information in the table
investigation –officer.

SELECT * FROM [investigation-officer];

Query1
investigating-officer-id name case-id
1 adnan ahmad 3
2 azim khan 1
3 bilal ali 2
4 asif ahmad 4
5 babar javaid 5

QUERY 2:
If the data regarding the accused person Zahid Badar is required then DBMS
can help in providing an easy access to the data by using following query.

SELECT * FROM accused WHERE name like 'zahid badar';

Query2
accused-id name father-name NIC case-id
4 zahid badar badar hussain 14789-6985725-3 4

QUERY 3:
 If anyone wants to know the details regarding murder case i.e. details of
accused person, case and investigation officer the following query will be used.

SELECT * FROM [CASE] INNER JOIN accused ON case. [Case-

id]=accused. [Case-id] WHERE [case-detail] ='murder';

Query3
CASE.case- case- investigating- accused- father- accused.case-
name NIC
id detail officer-id id name id
3 murder 1 3 zeeshan ijaz 25896- 3
ahmad ahmad 4789653-3

QUERY 4:
If the information regarding case id no.1 and 3 is required (this may be any
number) following query will be used.

SELECT *FROM complainant WHERE [case-id] in (1, 3);

Query4
complainant- father- case-
name NIC address date-of-FIR
id name id
1 javaid M. akbar 96857- 15-c samanabad 1 7 /15/2004
akbar 2514783-9 lahore
3 saif ali sattar 25879- 6-d multan road 3 5 /13/2003
saleem 3697412-5 lahore
REPORTS
 REPORT: 1
This report regarding the whole data about accused will be presented to the
officer on demand which contains the information like
 Accused-id
 Name
 Father-name
 National Identity Card Number
 Case-id

REPORT: 2
This report shows various results against various cases on demand.

REPORT: 3
This report shows the results when D.I.G. wants to know that which
investigation officer is handling which case.

REPORT: 4
If the data regarding the accused person Zahid Badar is required then DBMS
can help in providing an easy access to the data by using the above report no. 4

REPORT: 5
If anyone wants to know the details regarding murder case i.e. details of
accused person, case and investigation officer the above report no. 5 will be used.
 REPORT: 6
If the information regarding case id no.1 and 3 is required (this may be any
number) above report no. 6 will be used.