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Clarke Transform - Open Electrical

10/21/2013

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Clarke Transform
The Clarke or transform is a space vector transformation of time-domain signals (e.g. voltage, current, flux, etc) from a natural three-phase coordinate system (ABC) into a stationary two-phase reference frame ( ). It is named after electrical engineer Edith Clarke [1].
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Consider the voltage phasors in the figure to the right. In the natural reference frame, the voltage distribution of the three stationary axes Ua, Ub, and Uc are 120o apart from each other. Cartesian axes are also portrayed, where U is the horizontal axis aligned with phase Ua, and the vertical axis rotated by 90o is indicated by U. U and U have the same magnitude in per unit. Three-phase voltages varying in time along the axes a, b, and c, can be algebraically transformed into two-phase voltages, varying in time along the axes and by the following transformation matrix:

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Three-phase and two-phase stationary reference frames

The inverse transformation can also be obtained to transform the quantities back from two-phase to three-phase:

It is interesting to note that the 0-component in the Clarke transform is the same as the zero sequence component in the symmetrical components transform. For example, for voltages Ua, Ub and Uc, the zero sequence component for both the Clarke and symmetrical components transforms is
Contents [hide] 1 2 3 4 Clarke Transform of Balanced Three-Phase Voltages Clarke Transform of Balanced Three-Phase Currents References Related Topics

Clarke Transform of Balanced Three-Phase Voltages


Consider the following balanced three-phase voltage waveforms:

Taking the Clarke transform, we get:

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Clarke Transform - Open Electrical

10/21/2013

Time domain simulation result of transformation from three-phase stationary into two-phase stationary coordinated system is shown in the following figures:

Three-phase voltages in the time domain

Transformation of three-phase voltages into two-phase orthogonal voltages

From the equations and figures above, it can be concluded that in the balanced condition, U is a sine function, U is a cosine function and U0 is zero.

Clarke Transform of Balanced Three-Phase Currents


Similarly, one can calculate the Clarke transform of balanced three-phase currents (which lags the voltage by an arbitrary angle ):

Using the same procedure as before, the Clarke transform is:

We can see that as in the voltage case, I is a sine function, I is a cosine function and U = I0 is zero. However note the lagging phase angle .

References
[1] Edith Clarke, "Circuit Analysis of AC Power Systems. Vol. I.", Wiley, New York, 1943

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Clarke Transform - Open Electrical

10/21/2013

dq0 Transform Symmetrical Components Reference Frames Category: Fundamentals

This page was last modified on 22 July 2013, at 05:41.

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