ARTICLES

1. Indefinite articles (Mo t khng !c "#nh $a$ %& $an$' - Dng $an$ trc mt danh t: + bt u bng nguyn m a( e( i( o( ) * bt u bng $h$ cm (an heir+ ho)r+ her,al (Adj: th ! mc"# honor' + m$ u bng mt ch% &'(t tt (an S.-.S+ an M.P) Lu : )*ng trc mt danh t m$ u bng $)ni...$ +h ' dng $a$ (a )ni%ersit.+ a )nifor/+ )ni%ersal+ )nion' - Dng $a$ trc danh t bt u bng mt +h, m- Dng trc mt danh t .h/ng 01c 2nh &3 m4t &2 tr5# t5nh ch6t# 4c '7m h!4c 8c nhc (n 9n u t'n tr!ng cu- Dng tr!ng c1c th:nh ng% ch; <= 98ng nh6t 2nh nh: a lot of/a great deal of/a couple/a
dozen.

- Dng trc nh%ng <= (m nh6t 2nh th>ng 9: h:ng ng:n? h:ng tr@m nh a/one hundred a/one thousand. - Dng trc "half"

(mt nAa" .h' nB thC! <au mt Dn &2 nguyn &En: a kilo and a half( hay .h' nB ' ghF+ &' mt danh t .h1c 7 ch; nAa +hn (.h' &'(t cB d6u gGch n='": a half - share, a half - holiday (ng:y 9H ch; ngh; nAa ng:y"- Dng &' c1c Dn &2 +hn <= nh 1/3 a/one third - 1/5 a /one fifth. - Dng tr!ng c1c th:nh ng% ch; g'1 c ? t=c ? t; 9I: 5 a kilo, !" kilo#eters an hour, $ ti#es a day. - Dng trc c1c danh t <= 5t (m 8c- tr!ng c1c th1n t %hat a nice day/ such a long life. 0 & ' Mr/ Mrs/ Ms ' fa#ily na#e J mt /ng# b:# c/ n:! B (.h/ng KuCn b'(t"1. Mo t !c "#nh $The$ - Dng trc mt danh t L 8c 01c 2nh c, th7 &3 m4t t5nh ch6t? 4c '7m? &2 tr5 h!4c 8c nhc (n 9n th* ha' tr!ng cu0 (he * danh t * gi2i t * danh t Ex: The girl in blue, the Gulf of Mexico. - Dng trc nh%ng t5nh t <! <1nh bMc nh6t h!4c onl.Ex: The only way, the best day. - Dng ch! nh%ng .h! ng th>' g'an 01c 2nh (thM+ n'n": )n the 1**"s 0 (he * danh t * "i t 3)an h4 * /4nh "5 6h7 Ex: The man /to whom you have just s o!en /is the chairman - Nrc mt danh t ng, O ch; mt &Mt r'ng b'It Ex: "he is in the #$ her% garden 0 (he * danh t s8 9t t:;ng tr:ng cho /<t nh=/ th> %?t ho@c "A %?t Ex: The whale $ whales #lo&i c' voi%, the dee (free)e #th*c +n ,-ng l.nh% L:) BC Phng =' &' /an .h' mang nghQa R9!:' ng>'R tuyIt =' .h/ng 8c dng theEx: "ince man lived on the earth #!/ t0 !hi lo&i ng12i sinh s3ng tr4n tr'i ,5t n&y% - Dng trc mt danh t <= 5t 7 ch; mt nhBm? mt hGng ng>' nh6t 2nh tr!ng 0L h'Ex: The small sho !ee er: Gi6i ch7 ti8m nh9/ The to offcial: Gi6i :uan ch*c cao c5 0 (he ' ad+C N8ng trng ch! mt nhBm ng>'? chSng .h/ng ba! g'> 8c +hF+ $ <= nh'3u nhng 8c 0Cm 9: c1c danh t <= nh'3u- D! &My ng t &: G' t ' cng &' chSng +h ' $ ng/' th* T <= nh'3uEx: The old $ The old eo le/ The unem loyed/ The disabled are often very hard in their moving 0 (he * tDn c!c %Eng+ kh) %Fc "G nHi tiIng %5 /@t "#a lB ho@c l#ch sJ Ex: The "ahara #desert%/ The "iberia #tundra%/ The ;ormandic 0 (he ' ,ast/ -est/ .outh/ /orth * Kanh t
used as ad+ecti0e

Ex: The ;orth/ "outh <ole #=>c/ ;am ?@c%, The East End of Aondon #Bhu ,-ng A-n C-n% L:) B: Phng .h/ng 8c dng NUV trc c1c t n:y n(u nB ' 9'3n &' tn chu 9,c h!4c Ku=c g'a: WC<t XCrmany? P!rth AmCr'ca--0 (he * tDn gLi c!c "<i h;6 :2ng+ d&n nhc cH "iMn+ ,an nhc 6hH thng Y

Ex:

The =ac! ?hoir/ The <hilharmoni:ue <hiladel hia Drchestra/ The =eatles. 0 (he * tDn gLi c!c tN ,!o (khng t6 ch9'+ t&) ,iMn+ c!c khinh kh9 cO). Ex: The Times/ The Titanic/ The Eindenberg 0 (he * hL /<t gia "Pnh Q s8 nhi5) R gia "Pnh nh& Ex: The "miths $ Mr/ Mrs "mith and children Ex: FGng tr16c t4n hH c7a mIt ng12i ,/ x'c ,Jnh ng12i ,K trong s3 nhLng ng12i trGng t4n. - Zh/ng 8c dng $the$ trc c1c danh t ch; b%a @n tr!ng ng:y tr c1c tr>ng h8+ 4c b'ItEx: Me ate brea!fast at N am this morning Ex: The dinner that you invited me last wee! were delecious. - Zh/ng 8c dng $the$ trc mt <= danh t nh ho/e( ,ed( ch)rch( co)rt( Sail( 6rison( hos6ital( school( class( college( )ni%ercit. %.%... .h' nB ' &' c1c ng t &: g'' t ch; chuy7n ng ch; ' (n B 9: m,c 5ch ch5nh h!4c ra .h[' B c\ng &] m,c 5ch ch5nhEx: "tudents go to school everyday. Ex: The atient was released from hos ital. - Phng n(u (n B h!4c ra .h[' B .h/ng &] m,c 5ch ch5nh bt buc +h ' dng $the$. Ex: "tudents go to the school for a class arty. Ex: The doctor left the hos ital afterwor! L:) BC Nr!ng AmCr'can Vng9'<h? ^U!<+'ta9_ &: ^`n'&Cr<'ty_ bt buc +h ' dng &' the Ex: Ee was in the hos ital #in hos ital as a atient% Ex: "he was unha y at the Oniversity #Pt Oniversity as a student% T M<t s8 tr:Nng h;6 "@c ,i4tC X! t! a!r. J X! t! thC !bb'cC N! bC at a!r. N! bC hard at a!r. (9:m &'Ic ch@m ch;" N! bC 'n !bb'cC (Dng nh'Im" cd N! bC !ut !b !bb'cC ()L mLn nh'Im" X! t! <Ca J ' b'7n (nh nh%ng they the" X! t! thC <Ca J ra b'7n? th>ng 7 ngh; N! bC at thC <Ca: $ gn b'7n N! bC at <Ca ($ trn b'7n" tr!ng mt chuy(n h ' h:nh g! t! t!an: )' &:! trung tm# )' +h= - N! bC 'n t!an ($ trung tm" .h' t!an 9: cea ng>' nB'UVng sJ d7ng $the$ %& khng sJ d7ng $the$ trong /<t s8 tr:Nng h;6 "iMn hPnh C= $The$ Whng $The$ Dng trc tn c1c G' dDng? </ng ngf'? Nrc tn mt hg b'7n? &2nh &: c1c hg ($ <= nh'3u" ia.C XCnC&a The Qed "ea, the Ptlantic Dcean, the <ersian Gufl, the Great Aa!es Nrc tn c1c dLy nS' Nrc tn mt ngjn nS' The Qoc!y Mountains Mount Sesuvius Nrc tn nh%ng &Mt th7 duy nh6t tr!ng &\ tr, Nrc tn c1c h:nh t'nh h!4c c1c chfm <a! h!4c trn th( g'' Senus, Mars The earth, the moon Nrc tn c1c tr>ng n:y n(u trc nB 9: mt NhC <ch!!9<? c!99CgC<? un'&Cr<'t'C< + !b + danh tn r'ng t r'ng "tetson Oniversity The Oniversity of Rlorida Nrc c1c danh t ' cng &' mt <= (m the + <= th* th + danh t ?ha ter three The third cha ter. Nrc tn c1c cuc ch'(n tranh .hu &hc &' Nrc tn c1c nc m$ u bng YeZ( mt '3u .'In tn .hu &hc B +h ' 8c t5nh t h!1 t5nh t ch; hng h!4c ch; cB mt t The Borean Mar (=> The Vietnamese economy) ;ew Tealand, ;orth Borean, Rrance Nrc tn c1c nc cB ha' t tr$ 9n (ng!G' tr Nrc tn c1c 9,c 2a? t;nh? t'7u bang? th:nh Xreat Uritain' +h=? KuMn? huyIn The Onited "tates Euro e, Rlorida Nrc tn c1c nc 8c c!' 9: mt Kun ! k

h!4c mt Kun ! The <hili ines, The Sirgin Uslands, The Eawaii Nrc tn c1c t:' 9'Iu h!4c <h .'In 92ch <A The ?onstitution, The Magna ?arta

Nrc tn b6t .] m/n th7 tha! n:! baseball, bas!etball

Nrc c1c danh t tru t8ng (tr mt <= tr>ng h8+ 4c b'It" Nrc tn c1c nhBm dn tc th'7u <= freedom, ha iness the Undians Nrc tn c1c m/n hjc nB' chung Nrc tn c1c m/n hjc c, th7 mathematics The "olid matter <hysics Nrc tn c1c ng:y 9H? t(t Nrc tn c1c nhGc c, .h' 3 cM+ (n c1c nhGc ?hristmas, Than!sgiving c, B nB' chung h!4c chD' c1c nhGc c, B Nrc tn c1c 9!G' h]nh nhGc c, tr!ng c1c h]nh The violin is difficult to lay th*c m nhGc c, th7 (lamm? n!c.? c9a<<'ca9 Mho is that on the iano mu<'c--" To erform ja)) on trum et and iano

E[ERCISES I. \)t a+ an( the or in each s6ace to co/6lete the folloZing sentences. Y- opm <!rry- o d'dnpt mCan t! d! that- ot aa< qqqqq m'<ta.Ck- NhCrC aCrC n! cha'r<? <! aC had t! <'t !n qqqqq b9!!rT- iucy ha< ju<t g!ttCn qqqqq j!b 'n qqqqq ban. 'n rh'cag!s- NhCrCp< qqqqq b!!.<t!rC !n qqqqq c!rnCr nCar my h!u<Ct- otp< &Cry c!9d 'n hCrC- ran y!u c9!<C qqqqq a'nd!a? +9Ca<Cu v- ob y!u g! +a<t qqqqq +!<t !bb'cC? can y!u gCt mC <!mC <tam+<u w- ot aa< qqqqq &Cry h!t day- ot aa< qqqqq h!ttC<t day !b qqqqq yCarx- Whatp< qqqqq namC !b qqqqq a!man ah! <at bC<'dC y!u at thC d'nnCru y- U!a !btCn d! y!u g! t! qqqqq m!&'C<u Yz- ^ran y!u tC99 mC ahCrC qqqqq n!!m Tzv '<? +9Ca<Cu_ ^otp< !n qqqqq th'rd b9!!r-_ YY- UC 9ay d!an qqqqq gr!und and 9!!.Cd u+ at qqqqq <.yYk- {!up99 b'nd qqqqq 'nb!rmat'!n y!u nCCd at qqqqq t!+ !b qqqqq +agC ksYT- qqqqq m!!n g!C< ar!und qqqqq Carth C&Cry kw day<Ys- UC d!C<npt u<ua99y ha&C qqqqq 9unch? but hC a9aay< Cat< qqqqq g!!d brCa.ba<tYt- ob y!u 9'&C 'n qqqqq b!rC'gn c!untry? y!u <h!u9d try and 9Carn qqqqq 9anguagCYv- qqqqq nC0t tra'n t! |r'ght!n 9Ca&C< br!m qqqqq }9atb!rm tYw- ia<t yCar aC &'<'tCd qqqqq ranada and qqqqq `n'tCd ~tatC<Yx- qqqqq h'ghC<t m!unta'n 'n qqqqq Abr'ca '< qqqqq Z'9'manjar!Yy- qqqqq Cd'tCrranCan ~Ca '< thC <Ca bCtaCCn qqqqq Abr'ca and qqqqq Vur!+Ckz- qqqqq '<<'<<'++' '< qqqqq 9!ngC<t r'&Cr 'n qqqqq P!rth AmCr'caII. Mark the letter A( U( C( or K on .o)r ansZer sheet to indicate the correct ansZer to each of the folloZing 3)estions. Y- WC aCnt !ut b!r qqqqq mCa9 9a<t n'ght- qqqqq rC<taurant aC aCnt t! aa< C0cC99CntA- a# NhC |- thC# A r- a# D- thC# k- A< o aa< aa9.'ng a9!ng thC <trCCt? o <aa qqqqq Yz n!tC !n qqqqq +a&CmCntA- a# a |- thC# thC r- a# thC D- thC# a T- qqqqq actrC<<p< 9'bC '< 'n many aay< un9'.C that !b !thCr a!mCnA- An |- A r- A< D- Nhat thC s- ZatC +9ay< qqqqq &'!9'n 'n an !rchC<traA- thC |- a r- an D- t- qqqqq c!m+utCr ha< changCd qqqqq aay aC 9'&CA- A# thC |- NhC# thC r- A# a D- NhC# a v- V0cu<C mC? ahCrC '< qqqqq bu< <tat'!n? +9Ca<Cu A- a |- thC r- D- an w- What d'd y!u ha&C b!r qqqqq brCa.ba<t th'< m!rn'ngu A- a |- an r- thC D- x- }CtCr u<Cd t! a!r. 'n qqqqq 'dd9C Va<tA- |- thC r- an D- a y- y +9anC aa< dC9ayCd- o had t! aa't at qqqqq a'r+!rt b!r thrCC h!ur<A- thC |- a r- an D- Yz- o ha&C qqqqq +r!b9Cm- ran y!u hC9+ mCu A- |- a r- an D- thC YY- |arac. bama '< qqqqq }rC<'dCnt !b qqqqq `n'tCd ~tatC<A- thC# thC |- a# r- thC# D- thC# an Yk- UC nC&Cr 9'<tCn< t! qqqqq rad'!- UC +rCbCr< aatch'ng qqqqq tC9C&'<'!nA- a# a |- a# thC r- thC# D- # thC YT- qqqqq un'&Cr<'ty a'99 bC bu'9t 'n qqqqq cCntCr !b thC t!anA- A# thC |- An# thC r- NhC# a D- An# a Ys- qqqqq n'&Cr P'9C '< qqqqq 9!ngC<t r'&Cr !b a99A- # |- A# thC r- NhC# thC D- # a Yt- qqqqq W!mCnp< Day '< !n qqqqq C'ghth !b archA- NhC# |- # thC r- NhC# an D- # an Yv- |y qqqqq t'mC aC had ju<t 9Cbt thC !bb'cC? qqqqq a9arm aCnt !bbA- # thC |- a# an r- a# thC D- thC# an s

Yw- UC grCa u+ 'n qqqqq !r+hanagC 'n qqqqq `n'tCd Z'ngd!mA- thC# |- an# an r- thC# an Yx- iaura '< br'Cnd9y- ~hC can ma.C qqqqq br'Cnd< Ca<'9yA- a |- an r- thC Yy- Nhat car can run at qqqqq <+CCd !b Yxz m'9C< qqqqq h!urA- thC# an |- a# thC r- a# a kz- qqqqq C0+Cr'CncC '< qqqqq bC<t tCachCrA- An# thC |- # thC r- thC# thC

D- an# thC D- D- thC# a D- an# an

WE] I. Y- a v- thC YY- thC# thC Yv- NhC# II. Y- A k- r YY- A Yk- r YT- A

k- thC T- a# a s- a? thC t- thC w- a# thC# thC x- thC# thC y- thC Yz- # thC Yk- thC# thC# YT- NhC# thC Ys- # a Yt- a# thC Yw- # thC Yx- NhC# # Yy- NhC# # kz- NhC# thC# T- A s- A t- | v- | w- D x- | y- A Yz- | Ys- r Yt- | Yv- D Yw- D Yx- D Yy- A kz- |