Dosen Pembimbing
Prof. Dr. Drs.Ir. H. Kusnan, SE. MM. MT
Oleh :
1. SISWO (115724043)
2. ARDITYA RIDHO PUTRA P. (115724044)
3. SIKA INDRIYAWATI (115724045)
4. MUHAMMAD ALVIN H. (115724047)
5. RANDY ARI PASHA (115724048)
6. MUHAMMAD SAHAL RIFA I (115724049)
sks
kuda2
Bentang kuda-kuda (L )
Suatu bangunan gedung dengan kondisi bangunan tertutup atap dari Genteng dan posisi kanan
tertutup dan, kiri dinding bangunan terbuka, pembebanan kedaan bebas dan tak terlidung.
Konstruksi Kuda-kuda terbuat dari Kayu Rencanakan konstruksi bangunan tersebut diatas ?.
Diketahui:
Data -Perencanaan
Bentang kuda kuda 38 m
Kemiringan kuda kuda 33,5
Jarak antar gording La : (n-1) = (19 : cos 33,5) : 9
= 2,53 m
Jarak antar kuda kuda ( sks ) 3,30 m
Atap genteng karang pilang dan plafon eternit
Berat jenis kayu jati kelas II = 700 kg/m2
Berat jenis ( BJ ) dan pembebanan PMI dan PKKI
PEMBEBANAN
=50
Faktor keamanan
= 56.7 x 0,1
Mx
= 70.82
kgm
My
= 11.72
kgm
= 83,39 kg
Py
= 55,19 kg
=.p.l
Mx
= x 83,39 x 3,30
= 68,80 kg
My
= x 55,19 x 1,65
= 22,77 kg
50
6,72
kg/m
kg/m
= 56.72
kg/m
= 5.67
kg/m
= 62.39
kg/m
+
+
Beban angin
= 40 kg/m2
Angin tekan
Angin hisap
= -1,0
q angin
54,10
kg
= -333.96
kg
= 1/8 . q. l2
Mx1
= 63,726 kgm
Mx2
= -454.60 kgm
My
D. Momen kombinasi
MxA + MxB
= 70.82 + 68,80
= 139.62 kgm
MyA + MyB
= 11.72 + 22,77
= 34.49 kgm
MxA + MxC
= 70.82 + 63.726
= 134.55 kgm
MyA + MyC
= 11.72 + 0
= 11.72 kgm
E. Momen kelembaban
(lx) = 1/12.b.h3
= 1/12 x 8 x 123
= 1152 cm2
(ly) = 1/12.b3.h
= 1/12 x 83 x 12
Kontrol lendutan
= 512 cm2
= 1/200 x l
Px = 5 x Mx x l2
1/200 x 330
= 1,65
5 x 13962 x (330)2
384 x E x lx
Py = 5 x My x l
384 x E x ly
5 x 1172 x (330)2
PEMBEBANAN KUDA-KUDA
Jumlah panjang batang 304.66 m
Dimensi kayu 8/15
Bj kayu kelas II Jati 700 kg/cm2
A. Berat sendiri
Berat atap
= 50 x 2.53 x 18 x 3.3
= 7514.1
kg
Berat gording
kg
Berat kuda-kuda
= 2559.14
kg
Berat penggantung
= (11+7) x 38 x 3.3
= 2257.2
kg
Total
= 12755.61 kg
= 1275.561 kg
Total
= 780 kg
1/2P
= 390 kg
= 14031.171 / 18
= 779.5
= 14031.171 kg
kg --------- 780 kg
Data Umum
Kayu kelas II jati BD 700 kg/cm3
Alat sambungan baut dan gigi
Perlemahan baut
Tegangan yang diijinkan
lt
= 100 kg/cm2
tr //= tk // = 85
kg/cm2
tk
= 25
kg/cm2
//
= 12
kg/cm2
Dimensi batang
a) Batang tepi bawah (tarik)
Dimensi direncanakan 8/15
P maks = (12.81 x 780) + (11.32 x 54.1) = 10603.08 kg
L
= 2,11 m
Fbr
= 10 x 16
= 160 cm2
= 2.53 m
Lk
Fbr
= 10 x 18
= 180 cm2
i min
= 0,289.h
= lk / i min
= 189.75 / 5.202
= 36.47 > 37
= 11.37 m
Fbr
= 8 x 12
F netto = 0,75 x 96
tr //
= 96
cm2
= 72 cm2
= 11.17 m
Fbr
= 2 x 3 x 10
F netto = 0,75 x 60
tr //
= 60
cm2
= 45 cm2
= 12.58 m
Lk
Fbr
= 8 x 15
= 160 cm2
i min
= 0,289.h
= lk / i min
= 235.875 / 4,34
tk //
= (p maks.) / Fbr
= 54.35 > 55
I. Sambungan batang 1 dan 19 menggunakan sambungan gigi rangkap dengan kayu ukuran
10x18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
tm1
= 1/2S19.cos2 17
= 51,45 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 17
= 67,46 kg/cm2
= .12442.0,914
tk.b
tm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 34
= 8,43 cm
67,46.10
h1
b2
10
18
F1
F2
F3
S1
S2
S3
h2
5
180
90
90
6221,2
3110,6
3110,6
b3
tm 1
tm2
S2
S1
tm1
tm2tm1
S1
S1+S2
kontrol S
h3
18
18
4,217016342 Ok
5,217016342
5,5
3413,190804
2808,009196
3,806796332 Ok
4
5,5
2950,522121
6363,712924 ok
F1
F2
= b2. h2 = 18.5 = 90
F3
= b3. h3 = 18.5 = 90
S1
S2
S3
S2
= (tm2.tk.b)/(cos34)
S1
= S1 S2
tm1
= (5,5.51,45.10)/(0,829)
= 3413,19 kg
= S1.cos 17
= 2808,01.0,956
tk1/2.b
67,46.10
= 3,81 cm ~ 4 cm
tm2
= tm1 + 1 cm = 5,5 cm
S1
= S1.cos34 = 2950,52.0,829
.b
lm2
= 20,38 cm 21 cm
12.10
= S2.cos34 = 3413,19.0,829
.b
= 23,58 cm 24 cm
12.10
Perhitungan Baut
diameter
S1
S2
S3
jumlah baut
1,9 beugel
1262,52
1262,52
1248,488
3,986391
4
kontrol
tegangan
tegangan
pelat
tegangan kayu
0,5
732,6075 ok
69,12444 ok
34,56222 ok
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 1262,52 kg
= 1248,49 kg
n baut = 6221
1,25. 1248,49
II. Sambungan batang 19, 20, 21, dan 22 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 57
= 34,68 kg/cm2
= S21.cos2 33
tk.b
= 729,8.0,70 = 0,624 cm 3 cm
30,19 .10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
III. Sambungan batang 22, 23, 24, dan 25 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 94
= 25,15 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 47
= 41,12 kg/cm2
= S24.cos2 47
tk1/2.b
= 1056.0,465 = 1,19 cm 3 cm
41,12.10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 794,88 kg
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
n baut = 422,5
= 0,71 2 baut
1,25. 476,93
Dipasang syarat minimum 2 10 mm
Kontrol tegangan :
a = 422,5.cos57
2.(0,5.0,6)
IV. Sambungan batang 25, 26, 27, dan 28 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 83
= 25,45 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 41,5
= 45,24 kg/cm2
= S27.cos2 41,5
tk1/2.b
= 1419,4.0,561 = 1,76 cm 3 cm
45,24.10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 794,88 kg
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
n baut = 845
= 1,417 2 baut
1,25. 476,93
Dipasang syarat minimum 2 10 mm
Kontrol tegangan :
a = 845.cos57
2.(0,5.0,6)
V. Sambungan batang 28, 29, 30, dan 31 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 77
= 26,54 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 38,5
= 47,65 kg/cm2
47,65.10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 794,88 kg
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
= 2,13 3 baut
1,25. 476,93
Dipasang syarat minimum 2 10 mm
Kontrol tegangan :
a = 1267,4.cos57 = 766,97 kg/cm2 < a = 1400 kg/cm2
2.(0,5.0,6)
VI. Sambungan batang 31, 32, 33, dan 34 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 73
= 27,62 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 36,5
= 49,31 kg/cm2
49,31.10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 794,88 kg
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
= 2,83 3 baut
1,25. 476,93
Dipasang syarat minimum 2 10 mm
Kontrol tegangan :
a = 1689,2.cos57 = 1022,23 kg/cm2 < a = 1400 kg/cm2
2.(0,5.0,6)
VII. Sambungan batang 34, 35, 36, dan 37 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 109
= 28, 27 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 54,5
= 36,15 kg/cm2
tm
tk1/2.b
36,15.10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 794,88 kg
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
2074,4
= 3,48 3 baut
1,25. 476,93
Dipasang syarat minimum 2 10 mm
Kontrol tegangan :
a = 2074,4 .cos57 = 1255,33 kg/cm2 < a = 1400 kg/cm2
2.(0,5.0,6)
VIII. Sambungan batang 37, 38, 39, dan 40 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 111
= 29,00 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 55,5
= 35,55 kg/cm2
tm
tk1/2.b
35,55.10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 794,88 kg
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
2534,2
= 4,25 4 baut
1,25. 476,93
Dipasang syarat minimum 2 10 mm
Kontrol tegangan :
a = 2534,2 .cos57 = 1150,19 kg/cm2 < a = 1400 kg/cm2
2.(0,5.0,6)
IX. Sambungan batang 40, 41, 42, dan 43 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
= 85-(85-25)sin 113
= 29,77 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 56,5
= 34,97kg/cm2
tm
tk1/2.b
34,97.10
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 794,88 kg
= 476,93 kg
= 777,68 kg
2957,2
= 4,96 4 baut
1,25. 476,93
Dipasang syarat minimum 2 10 mm
Kontrol tegangan :
a = 2957,2 .cos57 = 1342,17 kg/cm2 < a = 1400 kg/cm2
2.(0,5.0,6)
X. Sambungan batang 43, 44, dan 45 43 menggunakan sambungan gigi tunggal dengan kayu
ukuran 10 x 18
tk
= tk(tk-tk)sin
tk1/2 = tk(tk-tk)sin1/2
tm
= S43.cos2 28,5
F1
F2
F3
S1
S2
S3
h1
6 12
= 34,68 kg/cm2
= 85-(85-25)sin 28,5
= 56,37 kg/cm2
= 6603,2.0,772
tk1/2.b
b1
= 85-(85-25)sin 57
56,37.10
b2
h2
b3
h3
12
72
60
60
2476,2
2063,5
2063,5
tm 1
tm2
S2
S1
tm1
2,827156 ok
3,827156
1528,195
948,0055
2,164736 ok
tm2-tm1
S1
S1+S2
kontrol S
1
1313,794
2841,988 ok
12
4
cm
3
cm
F1
= b1. h1 = 6.12 = 72
F2
= b2. h2 = 5.12 = 60
F3
= b3. h3 = 5.12 = 60
S1
S2
S3
S2
= (tm2.tk.b)/(cos57)
S1
= S1 S2
tm1
= (4.34,68.6)/(0,545) = 1528,19 kg
= S1.cos2 28,5
= 948,005.0,772
tk1/2.b
= 2,16 cm ~ 3 cm
56,37.6
tm2
= tm1 - 1 cm
= 1 cm
S1
= S1.cos57 = 1313,79.0,545
= 9,94 cm 10 cm
.b
lm2
12.6
= S2.cos57 = 1528,19.0,545
.b
diameter
S1
S2
S3
jumlah baut
kontrol tegangan
tegangan pelat
tegangan kayu
= 11,56 cm 12 cm
12.6
perhitungan baut
1,6 beugel
476,9258
794,8763
777,677
4,153603
5
1226,927
68,78333
34,39167
0,5 0,6
ok
ok
ok
= 100.d.b3 (1-0,6sin )
= 200.d.b1 (1-0,6sin )
= 430.d2 (1-0,35sin )
= 476,926 kg
= 794,876 kg
= 777,677 kg
n baut = 2476,2
1,25. 476,926
XI.
tk tk A
85
25 90
45
Sin
Sin
1 0.707107
Cos S1
0.707107 10604.21
= S1.cos2 45
= 12.454 = 0.1245cm
tk b1
S= tk .3.b1
= 2554.4156 Kg
Cos
Sambungan baut tampang dua golongan II
2
= 4.3
=1
= 0.833
ukuran pelat b= 0.5
h=1panjang
s20 s2
0 9993.381
b1
10
h1
18
b2 h2
3
10
XII.
tk tk sin
34
85
25
sin1/2
10
b2 h2
10
s2
18 10604.2
s21
s23
tm
= 0.99
tk b1
S= tk .3.b2
= 2212.9Kg
Cos
Diameter baut = 1.6
Sambungan baut tampang dua golongan II
S 1 = 100.d b2 (1-0,6sin ) = 100.1,6. 10 .(1-0,6sin34)= 1063.175 kg
S 2 = 200.d.b23 (1-0,6sin ) = 200.1,6.3.(1-0.6sin34) = 637.9049 kg
S 3 = 430.d2 (1-0,35sin ) = 430.1.62.(1-0,35*sin34) = 885.3542 kg
Jumlah baut = (s23)/s2.1.25 = 0.53 2
s3
<1400.. ok
XIII.
53
tk tk) sin
85
25
sin1/2
Cos
b26
h26
b3
h3
s3
s24
10
10
18
9993.2 1056.1
s26
845 9351.9
tm
= 1.453
tk b1
S= tk .3.b3
= 2181.1
Cos
s4
<1400.. ok
cos x
sin x
56 0.559193 0.829038
= 5,614
= 4,2305
63
25 0.89 0.522499
Cos
0.85264
b29
h29
b4
h4
s4
s27
s29
10
10
= S1.cos2 .63
tm
= 1.9234
tk b4
S= tk .3.b4
= 2213.9
Cos
Diameter baut = 1.6
Sambungan baut tampang dua golongan II
S 1 = 100.d b4.(1-0,6sin ) = 100.1,6. 10 .(1-0,6sin63)= 744,6337 kg
S 2 = 200.d.b29 (1-0,6sin ) = 200.1,6.3.(1-0.6sin63) = 446,78 kg
S 3 = 430.d2 (1-0,35sin ) = 430.1.62.(1-0,35*sin63) = 757,513 kg
<1400.. ok
s5
cos x
sin x
27 0.891007 0.45399
Tegangan beugel : (0.5. cos x ) / ( b.h) = (0,5 . 0,891) / (0,5 6) = 211,233 kg/cm2
Kontrol Tegangan Tegak Lurus =
= 10,48 kg/cm2
= 5,3404kg/cm2
XV.
tk tk
85
25
79
39.5
Sin
0.982
Sin
0.63
Cos2
0.1908
b42
h42
6
b44
12
h44
6
b46
h46
b9=b10
h9=h10
12
10
18
12
tm1= tm3
= S1.cos2 .79
= 0,4454
tk b42
S= tk .3.b42
= 15436,79
Cos
<1400.. ok