Sub: Geotechnical Engineering

Topic : Stress Distribution

MODULE- 53B
Stress distribution, settlement analysis in sands & clays. _________________________________________________________________________
1. A 25 kN point load acts on the surface of an infinite elastic medium. The vertical pressure intensity in kN/m2 at a point 6.0 m below and 4.0 m away from the load will be (a) 132 (b) 13.2 (c) 1.32 (d) 0.132 6. 2. The figure given below represents the contact pressure distribution underneath a and the saturated unit weight of the clay, respectively are (A) 0.6 and 16.875kN/m3 (B) 0.3 and 20.625kN/m3 (C) 0.6 and 20.625kN/m3 (D) 0.3 and 16.975kN/m3 Using the properties of the clay layer derived from the above question, the consolidation settlement of the same clay layer under a square footing (neglecting its self weight) with additional data shown in the figure below (assume the stress distribution as 1H:2V from the edge of the footing and = 10kN/m3) is

(a) rigid footing on saturated clay (b) rigid footing on sand (c) flexible footing on saturated clay (d) flexible footing on sand 7. 3. The vertical stress at some depth below the corner of a 2m x 3m rectangular footing due to a certain load intensity is 100 kN/m2. What will be the vertical stress in kN/m2 below the centre of a 4m x 6m rectangular footing at the same depth and same load intensity? (a) 25 (b) 100 (c) 200 (d) 400 A footing 2m x 1m exerts a uniform pressure of 150kN/mm2 on the soil. Assuming a load dispersion of 2 vertical to 1 horizontal, the average vertical stress (kN/m2) at 1.0m below the footing is (A) 50 (B) 75 (C) 80 (D) 100 8.

(A) 32.78mm (B) 61.75mm (C) 9.5mm (D) 131.13mm The vef1ical stress at point due to the point load Q on the ground surface as shown in figure is . According to Boussinesq' s equation, the vertical stress al point shown in figure will be

4.

(A)

(B)

(C) 2

(D) 4

5. A saturated undisturbed sample from clay strata has moisture content of 22.22% and specific weight of 2.7. Assuming = 10kN/m3, the void ratio

Two geometrically identical isolated footings, X (linear elastic) and Y (rigid), are loaded identically (shown below). The soil reactions will

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Sub: Geotechnical Engineering

b) 14.

Topic : Stress Distribution

0.02 d) 0.2

(A) be uniformly distributed for Y but not for X (B) be uniformly distributed for X but

Is the vertical stress at a depth equal to Z in the soil mass due to a surface point load Q. The vertical stress at depth equal to 2Z will be a) 0.25 b) 0.50 c) 1.0 d) 2.0

not for Y
(C) be uniformly distributed for both X

and Y (D) not be uniformly distributed for both X and Y

9.

A concentrated load of 50 t acts vertically at a point on the soil surface. If Boussinesqs equation is applied for computation of stress, then the ratio of vertical stresses at depths of 3m and 5m respectively vertically below the point of application of load will be a) 0.36 b) 0.60 c)1.66 d)2.77

15. The change in the vertical stress in the soil mass estimated by Boussinesqs equation when Poisons ratio of soil changes from 0.3 to 0.5 will be a) Reduction by 30% b) increases by 50% c) Reduction by 20% d) no change

10. For a vertical concentrated load acting on the surface of a semi-infinite elastic soil mass, the vertical normal stress at depth z is proportional to a) Z b) 1/z c) d)

16. In a plate load test on sandy soil, the test plate of 60cm x 60cm undergoes a settlement of 5mm at a pressure of 12 x N/ . What will be the expected settlement of 3m x 3m footing under same pressure? a) 25mm b) 20mm b) 15mm d) 9mm 17. Stresses obtained from Boussinesqs theory are considered reasonably satisfactory in foundation engineering because a) They represent stress distribution in inhomogeneous soils below loaded area b) They account for anisotropy of soil property c) They give due regard to plastic behavior of soils. Particularly for settlement analysis d) They consider elastic soil medium, and the intensity of allowable stresses below foundations in most cases are quite small and justify elastic solutions. 18. Westergaards formula for vertical stress gives greater value of stress than that by the Boussinesqs formula, when r/z exceeds a) 1.5 b) 2.5 c) 3.5 d) 4.0

11. With a vertical point load on the surface when considering the vertical plane passing through the load, the stress gets reduced by 52.3% at a depth of a) 0.25 of unit length b) 0.5 of unit length c) 0.75 of unit length d) 1 of unit length 12. Influence factor for immediate settlement of footing depends on its a) Size and shape b) Rigidity alone c) Location and size d) Size, shape, rigidity and location 13. In a Newmarks influence chart for stress distribution, there are 10 concentric circles and 50 radial lines. The influence factor of the chart is a) 0.0002 b) 0.002

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Sub: Geotechnical Engineering

19. A point load of 650KN is applied on the surface of a thick layer of clay. Using Boussinesqs elastic analysis, what is approximate value of the estimated vertical stress at a depth 2m and a radial distance of 1.0m from the point of application of load? a) 55KN/ b) 44KN/ c) 41KN/ d) 37KN/

Topic : Stress Distribution

25. A concentrated load of 50KN acts on the surface of a homogeneous soil mass of large extent. Determine the stress intensity at a depth of 5m, directly under the load and at a horizontal distance of 2.5m Ans: 0.955KN/ , 0.55KN/ 26. Two columns A and B are situated 6m apart. Column A transfers a load of 500KN and column B, a load of 250KN. Determine the resultant vertical stress on a horizontal plane 20m below the ground surface at points A and B Ans: 59.8,29.9KN/ 27. A water tower has a circular foundation of 10m diameter. If the total weight of the tower, including the foundation is KN, calculate the vertical stress at a depth 2.5m below the foundation level. Ans: 231.9KN/ 28. The contact pressure for a square footing 2m 2m is 400KN/ . Using 1:2 distribution, determine the depth at which contact pressure is 100KN/ . Ans: 2m 29. A elevated structure with a total weight of 10,000 KN is supported on a tower with 4 legs. The legs rests on piers located at the corners of a square 6m on a side. What is the vertical stress increment due to this loading at a point 7m beneath the centre of the structure? Ans: 44.57KN/ 30. Find intensity of vertical pressure at point 3m directly below 25KN point load acting on a horizontal ground surface? What will be the vertical pressure at a point 2m horizontally away from the axis of loading and at same depth of 3m Ans: 1.33KN/ 0.53KN/ 31. A line load of 100KN/m run extends to a long distance. Determine the intensity of vertical stress at a point 2m below the surface for the falling two cases a. Directly under the line load b. At a distance 2m perpendicular to the line load Ans: 31.83KN/ , 7.96KN/ 32. A strip footing 2m wide is loaded on the ground surface with a pressure of 150KN/ . A 4m thick soft clay layer exists at a depth of 10m below the

20. A test plate 30cm square, settles by 12mm under a load of 4.5KN in a sandy soil. By how much will a footing 2m 2m subjected to a load of 200KN settle? a) 36.3mm b) 20.87mm c) 75.75mm d) 18.15mm

21. A line load of infinite length has an intensity q per unit length. What is the vertical stress at a depth z below the earth at the centre of the load? a) b) = = b) d) = =

22. Consider the following statements: 1. Westergaards theory of stress distribution is more appropriate for soil deposits which exhibit large lateral strain. 2. Newmarks influence chart can be used for the determination of vertical stress under any slope of a loaded area. Which of these statements is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only d) neither 1 nor 2

c) Both 1 and 2

23. An isobar is a line which connects all points below the ground surface at which a) The local ground elevation is same b) The settlement is same c) The vertical stress is the same d) The ground elevation is varying 24. A measurement weighing 15MN is erected on the ground surface. Considering the load as a concentrated one determine the vertical pressure directly under the monument at a depth of 8m below the surface Ans: 111.9KN/

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Sub: Geotechnical Engineering

foundation. Find the average increase in vertical stress at the centre of day layer below the centre line and at the edge of footing. Ans: 15.83KN/ , 15.72KN/ 33. A circular area 6m in diameter, carries udl of 10KN/ . Determine the vertical stress at a depth of 2m, 4m and 8m. Ans: 8.29, 4.88, 1.79KN/ 34. Three parallel strip footings 3m wide each and 5m apart centre transmit contact pressure of 200, 150 and 100KN/ respectively. Calculate the vertical stress due to combined loads beneath the centers of each footing at a depth of 3m below the base. Assume the footings are placed at a depth of 2m below ground surface. Use Boussinesqs method for line loads. Ans: 45, 36.3, 23.74KN/ 35. For a vertical concentrated load acting on the surface of semi infinite elastic soil mass, the vertical normal stress at a depth is proportional to a) Z b) c) d) 36. With a vertical point load on the surface when considering the vertical plane passing through the load, the stress gets reduced by 52.3% at a depth of a) 0.25 of unit length b) 0.5 of unit length c) 0.75 of unit length d) 1 of unit length 37. In a Newmarks influence chart for stress distribution there are 10 concentric circles and 50 radial lines the influence factor of the chart is a) 0.0002 b) 0.002 c) 0.02 d) 0.2 a)

Topic : Stress Distribution

0.1 b) 0.05 c) 0.01 d) 0.005

40. A footing 3m 3m size transmits a load of 1800KN. The angle of load dispersion in soil = . What is the stress created by the footing load at a depth of 5m? a) 26.12KN/ b) 27.12KN/ c) 28.12KN/ d) 29.12KN/

38. The change in the vertical stress in the soil mass estimated by Boussinesqs equation when Poistuns ratio of soil changes from 0.3 to 0.5 will be a) Reduction by 30% b) Increased by 50% c) Reduction by 20% d) No change 39. In a Newmarks chart for stress distribution there are 10 concentric circles and 20 radial lines. The influence factor for the chart would be

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