COMPULSORY QUESTION 2000 9. Write only the correct answers in the Answer Book. Dont reproduce the questions.

(1) The founder of Scientific Management School of thought was: (a) F.W. Taylor (b) Herber Simon (c) Pfiffner John (d) Mary Parker Follet (2) The father of Human Relations theory was: (a) Douglas M. McGregor (b) Elton Mayo (c) E.N.Gladden (d) L. Urwick (3) The founding father of theory of Bureaucracy was: (a)Herman Finer (b) La Palombra (b) Max Weber (d) Albert Lepawsky (4) Systems theory of management is based on the concept of components having: (a) Independence (b) Inter- dependence (c) Dependence (d) Contingency (5) Bureaucracy of Pakistan is: (a) Elitist (b) Agilitarian (c) Oligarchy (d) Paternalistic (6) Administrative accountability is established in government organizations by: (a) Executive (b) Legislature (c) Judiciary (d) All the three above (7) The first book on Public Administration was written by: (a) Pfiffner and Presthus (b) L. D. White (c). Simon, Smithburg and Thompson (d) E.N. Gladden

(8) Public Administration is the study of: (a) Maintenance of Law and Order (b) Control of trade and commerce (c) Public Policy implementation (d) Politico-administrative dynamics of the state. (9) Planning machinery in Pakistan is: (a) Centralized (b) Decentralized (c) Departmentalized (d) Compartmentalized (10) Financially the performance of public corporations in Pakistan during the last decade has been: (a) Excellent (b) Good (c) Satisfactory (d) Poor (11) Public Personnel Management in Pakistan is based on the principle of: (a) Spoils (b) Patronage (c) Merit (d) Give and take (12) Communication runs faster in: (a) Centralized structure (b) Decentralized structure (c) Matrix structure (d) Line structure (13) Performance budgeting is based on: (a) items of expenditure (b) items of investment (c) objectives of expenditure (d) plan of implementation (14) The concept of Politics-Administration dichotomy was given by: (a) Frank Henry Goodnow (b) James W. Fes1er (c) W Paul Appleby (d) Ordway Tead (15) The form of Leadership in the bureaucracy of Pakistan js: (a) Aristocratic

(b) Democratic (c) Dictatorial (d) Paternalistic (16) The President of U. S. who laid the foundation of the study of public administration was: (a) President Wilson (b) President Hoover (c) President Kennedy (d) President Roosevelt (17) Formal relationship in an organization is based On: (a) Friendship (b) Peer groups (c) Authority on subordinates (d) Rules and Regulations (18) The Ideal Model of bureaucracy is based on authority of: (a) Tradition (b) Charisma (c) Legal rational (d) Money (19) Pressure groups in public administration work for: (a) Public interest (b) Self interest (c) Foreign interest (d) Sectoral interest (20) The administrative reforms under which various services were merged in occupational groups were introduced in: (a)1960 (b) 1973 (c) 1989 (d) 1994 2. i) Public administration refers to: (a) A process (b) A discipline (c) A field of study (d) All of these (iii) The famous fourteen principles of organization were given by: (a) Plato (b) Henri Fayol

(c) Fredrick Taylor (d) Max Weber (iv) The author of the famous essay The Study of Administration was: (a) Dwight Waldo (b) Woodrow Wilson (c) Fredrick Taylor (d) Margaret Thatcher (v) Span of control means: (a) Tenure on a post (b) Geographical jurisdiction (c) Power to control others (d) Number of subordinates under a superior (vi) Job description relates to appointing a suitable person on a job: (a) True (b) False (vii) Job specification defines the parameters of the job to be done: (a) True (b) False (viii) Proper job analysis is based on: (a) Job description (b) Job specification (c) Both of these (d) None of these (ix) Bureaucracy refers to: (a) Red tape (b) The totality of government officials (c) A specific set of structural arrangement (d) All of these (x) The mnemonic POSDCORB for management was introduced by: (a) James Mooney (b) Adam Smith (c) Luther Gulick (d) None of these (xi) The famous Hawthorne experiments were conducted by: (a) Elton Mayo (b) Abraham H. Maslow (c) Mark Twain (d) None of these

(xii) Hawthorne effect refers to increase in productivity because of: (a) Good physical working environment (b) Secure job (c) Presence of observers (d) None of these (xiii) Maslows highest need in his hierarchy of needs was: (a) Love or affiliation needs (b) Self actualization needs (c) Esteem needs (d) None of these (xiv) The average human being inherently dislikes work (a) An assumption of theory X (b) An assumption of theory Y (c) An assumption of theory Z (d) None of these (xv) Spoils system refers to: (a) Management through objectives (b) Public sector concept of staffing (c) Awarding jobs to political supporters (d) None of these (xvi) Deficit financing is: (a) Excess revenues (b) Excess expenditures (c) Both of these (d) None of these (xvii) Performance audit is used as a comparison between: (a) Actual expenditure and booked expenditure (b) Revenue collected and potential revenue (c) Activities of an organization with the assigned objectives (d) None of these (xviii) A whistle blower in an organization is a person: (a) Who reveals bad things about his department to the public (b) Who is a good singer (c) Who is assigned security duties (d) None of these (xix) The budget cycle is: (a) The duration for which it is applicable (b) The process through which it has to go

(c) The time frame of preparation (d) None of these (xx) Group dynamics refers to: (a) Nature of a group (b) Development of a group (c) Interrelationship of a group (d) All of these

3. (i). The differnece between public administration and business administration is : (a) amount of political and legal constraints on decision making (b) the emphasis on efficiency (c) managment structure and processes (d) no difference between public administration and business administration (e) None of these

Ans (c)

(ii) The emphasis of the politics-administration dochotomy is on:

(a) the focus or what of public administration (b) the actors or who of public administration (c) the span or when of public administration (d) the locus or where of public administration (e) None of these

Ans(a)

(iii) Gulick and Urwicks POSDCORB anagram was:

(a) reference to the locus of public administration (b) a lisiting of when to utilize public administration (c) an expression of administrative principles to follow (d) a means of identifying the problem associate with bureaucracy (e) None of these

Ans (c)

(iv) The three components that compromise publicness and privateness in society are:

(a) bureaucracy, consistancy and budget (b) administration, management and organization (c) execution, regulation and structure (d) agency, access, interest (e) None of these

Ans(b)

(v) Simon refuted the administrative

(a) revealing the administrative principles (b) showing that for every principle there is a counter-principle (c) explaining that administrative principles can only be used in complex organization (d) relating that administrative principles always allowed for rational descisions (e) None of these

Ans (e)

(vi) The New Public Management can be best described as:

(a) public administration in 21st century (b) bureaucratic model of public administration (c) application of business practices in public management (d) a mechanism for improving service delivery (e) None of these

Ans(d)

(vii) The open model for organization is reffered to as:

(a) hierarchical and militaristic (b) technological and anti-humanistic (c) restrictive and rigid (d) collefgial and competitive (e) None of these

Ans(d)

(viii) The aim of Taylors scientific management was to:

(a) stress individual accomplishment over organizational yield (b) reduce production and increase morale (c) improve organizational efficency and production

(d) alter machinary to lessen burden on the labour force (e) None of these

Ans(c)

(xi) In comparison to managers of private organizations, public bureaucrates must:

(a) spend less time on external environment and more time on internal managment (b) spend more time on external environment and less time on internal managment (c) spend less time on both external environment and internal managment (d) spend more time on both external environment and internal managment (e) None of these

Ans(a)

(x) Supervision as a mechanism of control over subordinates has been founded to be:

(a) the most effective mechanism of control (b) as effective as input control (c) the less effective mechanism of control (d) more effective than behavior control (e) None of these

Ans (e)

(xi) According to Weber, the three types of leadership are:

(a) charismatic, traditional, legal/rational (b) titular, controllers, organizers (c) institutionalists, specialists, hybrids (d) charismatic, institutionalists, specialists (e) None of these

Ans(d)

(xii) In terms of public administration, one defines a system:

(a) according to the organizational structure (b) according to the administrative effectivness (c) according to problem one wishes to resolve (d) according to the amount of resource available (e) None of these

Ans(a)

(xiii) The advantage of systems approach is:

(a) it allows us to disregard the differences in world views (b) it allows means and ends to remain ambiguous (c) it forces us to delineate the differnces and similarities in world views and improves efficiency and effectivness (d) it allows for new and fresh solutions to old and distressing problems (e) None of these

Ans(c)

(xiv) According to humanists approach, the management scientists system is incomplete because:

(a) it fails to factor in the variable of environemnt and instability (b) it fails to acount for the variable of uniquely human qualities such as genius and despair (c) it gives too much emphasis to the variable of uniquely human qualities (d) it does not consider quantifiable and measureable variables (e) None of these

Ans(b)

(xv) The purpose of decision tree is:

(a) decision alternatives (b) cost analysis (c) project coordination (d) time analysis (e) None of these

Ans(a)

(xvi) the line-item budget covers:

(a) inputs only (b) outputs only

(c) inputs and outputs (d) neither inputs nor outputs (e) None of these

Ans(a)

(xvii) Performance budget covers:

(a) inputs only (b) outputs only (c) neither inputs nor outputs (d) inputs and outputs (e) None of these

Ans(d)

(xviii) The essential differnce between mangement-by-objectives and planningprogramming-budgeting is that:

(a) MBO does not necessarily focus on inputs (b) MBO does not necessarily focus on outputs (b) MBO does not necessarily focus on alternatives (b) MBO necessarily focus on alternatives (e) None of these

Ans(c)

(xix) one of the salient feature of civil service system of Paksitna is:

(a) prefernce for contract appointments (b) prefernce for professionals (c) prefernce for generalists (d) prefernce for doctors (e) None of these

Ans(c)

(xx) Public goods differ from private goods on the basis of:

(a) price (b) delivery (c) exclusion (d) public interest (e) None of these

Ans(c)

4.

2. 1) the silsilah chishtiyah was founded in sub continent by whom? A) kh. Bahaud din naqshbandi b) kh muinud din ajmeri c) sh. Bahaud din zakria d) none of these 2) when shah waliullah died? A) 1162 b) 1762 c) 1862 d) none of these 3) who was appointed the first principal of darul ulum deoband? A) maulana mamluk ali b) haji muhammad abid c) maulana muhammad qasim d) none of these 4) who floated the idea of establishment of anjuman-e-hamiat-e-islam? A) maulana shibli b) kh. Hamid ud din c) munshi charag din d) none of these 5) all india national congress was established by a british civil servant in 1885. Name the officer a) madan mohan b) lord dufferin c) a.o hume d) none of these 6) viceroy lord curzon divided the bengal in east and west on: A) 19th may 1905 b) 19th june 1905 c) 19th july 1905

d) none of these 7) which year proved the turning point of the muslim destiny in the history of india? A) 1905 b) 1906 c) 1907 d) none of these 8) where the annual sessions of national congress and muslim league were held simultaneously? A) dehli b) bombay c) lucknow d) none of these 9) who was the author of emergence of pakistan? A) i.h quureshi b) waheed-ud-zaman c) muhammad ali ch. d) none of these 10) when sir stafford cripps announced his farmula to seek the co-operation between the national congress and muslim league? A) march 30,1940 b) march 30,1942 c) march 30,1944 d) none of these 11) when the simla conference under the presidentship of lord wavell was ended? A) june 14, 1945 b) july 14, 1945 c) august 14, 1945 d) none of these 12) by whom the farmula of 3rd june 1947 to divide india was announced? A) lord atllee b) lord wovell c) lord mount batten d) none of these 13) who was the first president of consituent assembly of pakistan?

a) quaid-e-azam b) liaquat ali khan c) sikandar mirza d) none of these 14) under whom leadership the consituent of 1956 was passed? A) liaquat ali khan b) ch. Muhammad ali c) sikandar mirza d) none of these 15) when the consituent of 1973 was proclaimed? A) april 12, 1972 b) march 23, 1973 c) august 14, 1973 d) none of these 16) when indus water treaty was signed between india and pakistan? a) 1960 b) 1962 c) 1969 d) none of these 17) in which constitution the presidential and parliamentary systen at centre and provinces were adopted respectively? a) 1956 b) 1962 c) 1972 d) 1973 18) when was the 18th ammendment bill passed by national assembly? A) april 12, 2010 b) march 12, 2010 c) may 12, 2010 d) none of these (8th april 2010) 19) how much amount was allocated for the agriculture sector in the 7th five year plan? A) rs.13600 million b) rs.14600 million c) rs.15600 million d) none of these

20) which pass connects para channa and kohat with afganistan? A) khyber pass b) kurram pass c) gomal pass d) none of these Q. what is bureaucracy and what are its characteristics? How did it play its role in strengthening and integration of Pakistan?

Ans: Bureaucracy is an association of officials carrying out operational and administrative tasks. The officials serving in the bureaucracy are called bureaucrats. Bureaucrats are mostly nonelected officials, with the exception of a very few countries where certain tiers of bureaucracy are elected. In bureaucracy the officials and employees are assigned specific responsibilities and they have to work within the hierarchy of an authority. Characteristics of Bureaucracy: 1. Well defined hierarchy of governance. 2. Management of tasks through rules. 3. Specifically assigned functions. 4. A bureaucrat is required to be impersonal in carrying out his work. 5. Job security is to be ensured to the bureaucrats in carrying out tough decisions. 6. Well defined regulations for upward mobility. Role of Bureaucracy in Strengthening and Integration of Pakistan: 1. Provided government in the times when democratic governments were sent home, so made the country governable in testing times. 2. Kept those parts of Pakistan governed where the elected representatives were not there like FATA. 3. Served as a cushion between the masses and law-enforcing arm of the state. 4. Worked towards ensuring meritocracy. 5. Despite shortcomings in fulfilling the assigned work, no other institution could replace it. Conclusion: Notwithstanding what the bureaucracy did for Pakistan, it is a matter of fact that it has not been a bureaucracy of an ideal democracy. It is a conservative bureaucracy which has resisted change over the time. It has helped the dictators negatively in doing away with the democratic dispensations, and had helped them in their quest for consolidation of their power. Pakistan's bureaucracy needs to be made professional and able to cater for the modern needs.. It can only be done through transparent and credible selection process and an up to date training process. Q. Discuss critically the role of SilSilah( orders) in the development and progress of Muslim Society in the Subcontinent of Indo Pakistan? Ans: In the subcontinent Sufi's and Saints were the ones who introduced Islam. It was purely through their efforts that Islam evolved its base in India and from that the concept of spiritualism arose. Sufi's and Saints apart from preaching their religion in a peaceful manner also worked to

forge good relations between the different nations of Indian Subcontinent. They not only guided their Muslim brethren in molding their lives according to the basic teachings of Islam but also showed them the ways to make good and brotherly relations with the followers of other religions. The major Silsilah (Orders) in the Subcontinent: 1. The Shadhiliyya order 2. The Chishti order 3. The Shattariya order 4. The Suhrawardi order 5. The Qadiri order 6. The Naqshbandi order Conclusion: Saints introduced mystical form of Islam which was very moderate and projected the peace-loving nature of this religion. Hindus and Hinduism were deeply influenced by the Sufi saints of these orders. Their teachings played integral role in the social, economical and philosophical development of the Muslims. Islam spread swiftly in the Indian subcontinent and across Asia due to their selfless teachings. It can safely be remarked that it was Sufi Muslim saints, not conquerors, who spread Islam in this part of the world. Q. The location of Pakistan has given the strategic strength to the state. What are its physical features and narrate its advantages and disadvantages? Ans: Pakistan's strategic position has undoubtedly rendered it such an immense importance that it cannot be ignored by the world powers. Pakistan's strategic location provides economic incentives too by placing it at the hub of future economic activity in South Asia. Pakistan is also considered as the gateway to central Asia and it's expected that its ports will attract shipments to and from Central Asia to other parts of the world. For trading to Far East, the ports of Pakistan are the most attractive refueling stops. Pakistan is such placed strategically that it provides access to the warm water, to the land locked countries like Afghanistan, and to the southern provinces of China. The Physical Features of Pakistan: 1. Rivers like Indus River and its five major subsidiaries making the planes fertile. 2. Mountain ranges like the Hindu Kush and Himalayas on the north. 3. Pakistan is placed on the tropic of cancer making it best place for agriculture. 4. The fertile planes of Punjab. 5. Climatically well placed, as it gets four seasons. 6. It has a long coastline. 7. Forests that make about 5 percent of the total Pakistan. 8. Huge gas and coal reserves and considerable oil reserves in the desert and arid regions. Advantages of the Physical Features of Pakistan: 1. One of the largest irrigation system in the world: irrigates about 28 percent of land. 2. Its rivers are navigable, so transport can be done through them. 3. Its four seasons provide it with diverse crops, so there is no reliance on single crop. 4. The huge forests at the North make for 5 percent of Pakistan, making it almost wood selfreliant. 5. The mountain ranges at the north provide natural protection against the cold Siberian winds.

6. Large tract of land in Balochistan can provide natural strategic depth and Pakistan wouldn't need to seek strategic depth in Afghanistan. Disadvantages: 1. Extreme weathers at different locations. 2. Monsoons resulting in floods. 3. The planes of Punjab does not provide natural barrier in the face of an Indian military assault. 4. The large tract of land in Balochistan has made it difficult to access even for the state in providing essential services. Conclusion: By analyzing the both advantages and disadvantages of the physical features of Pakistan, it can safely be concluded that the advantages far exceed the disadvantages. Q. what are the security concerns of Pakistan? Suggest measures by revisiting the foreign policy of Pakistan? Ans: Pakistan faces multi-pronged security concerns, but mostly these concerns emanate from India's Military might and its nefarious designs. There are many indigenous issues also that have become security threats for Pakistan. A congruent and a well defined Foreign Policy can do away with almost more than half of these threats. Lets have a look at salient security concerns of Pakistan and some foreign policy measures that can help to tackle these issues. Security Concerns: 1. India's growing power in terms of economy and military might. 2. Threat to Pakistan's Sovereignty due to attacks from Afghanistan. 3. India's Growing Influence in Afghanistan and its perceived anti-Pakistan activities. 4. Indigenous acts of terrorism from Taliban. 5. The insurgency in Baluchistan. 6. The resurgent energy crisis resulting in destabilization of the country. 7. Sectarian issue. Suggested Foreign Policy Measures: 1. Promote trade and commerce to keep hostilities at bay. 2. Foreign policy should not be India centric. 3. Relaxed Visa Regime. 4. Foreign Policy should be sole prerogative of the parliament. 5. Foreign Policy should depart from that of security state to welfare state. 6. Import of technology to tackle energy crisis. Conclusion: Pakistan already has a nuclear umbrella for its security, and by virtue of that the possibility of an all out war with India is not a reality now. Pakistan's paranoiac approach towards the threat from the East is a bit miscalculated, and the situation calls for a review of that approach towards the foreign policy. Wanton expenditure of resources in that direction will take us no where.