Any baud rate which does not give a positive reload value less than 256 can not

be generated by the microcontroller at a given clock frequency.reload values which are not integers must be vary close to next integer .oftentimes resultentbaud may be close to enough allow the system to work this evaluation must be made by developer.thus,if one has microcontroller which is using a 11.0592MHz oscillator and wants togenerate baud rate of 9600 baud onemust go through these steps.first,run the equation for K=1 then try it for K=2. For K=1,the numerator becomes 110590200 and thedenominator becomes 3686400. Dividing thesetwo values gives a result of 3. Thus timer 1 must be loadee with a value such that it overflows after three counts i,e FDH. Serial communication interface; To provide compatibility among data communicating equipments that transfer data serially,RS-232 standards are used. Since RS -232 is not compatible with microcontroller,ara use a voltage converter to convert RS-232voltage to that of microcontroller and viceversa. The voltage converter used here is max 232.one advantage of using max 232 is that it operates at +5v power supply which is the same as AT89C2051. MAX 232 has two sets of line drivers for transferring and receiving data. The lines fortransmission are T1 and T2 and those for reception are R1 and R2 .MAX232 requiresvarious capacitors for its efficien operations the T1 in(pin11) is the TTL side and is connected to the TXD of microcontroller .while T1out is the RS 232 side and is connected to RXD of DB9 connector .the R1out is the RS232 side