C V MAI PHNG - KHA NG PHP

ADJECTIVES TNH T

1. Cc loi tnh t a) Ch nh ( demonstrative): this, that, these, those b) Phn bit (distributive): each (mi), every (mi) either, neither c) S lng (quantitative): some, any, no little/ few, many, much one, twenty d) Nghi vn (interrogative), which, what, whose e) S hu (possessive): my, your, his, her, its, our, their f) Phm cht (quality): clever (khn ngoan, thng minh), dry (kh), fat (bo, mp), golden, good, heavy, (nng, y), square (vung).
Chi tit: This/these, that/those (demonstrative adjectives and pronouns) this/these, that/those l cc tnh t v i t ch nh: A. Nu c dng nh tnh t th chng ha hp vi danh t theo s. Chng l nhng tnh t duy nht theo quy tc ny. This beach was quite empty last year. (Nm ngoi bi bin ny hon ton vng ngi). This exhibition will be open untill the end of May. (Cuc trin lm ny s m ca cho n cui thng Nm). These people come from that hotel over there. (Nhng ngi ny t khch sn ng kia n). What does that notice say? (Bng thng bo ni g vy?) That exhibition closed a month ago. (Cuc trin lm ng ca cch y mt thng). He was dismissed on th 13th. That night the factory went on fire. (Anh ta b sa thi vo ngy 13. Ti nh my b chy). Do you see those birds at the top of the tree? (Bn c nhn thy nhng con chim trn ngn cy kia khng?) This /these / that / those + danh t + of + yours/ hers v.v hay Anns v.v i khi dng nhn mnh thay cho yours / her v.v + danh t: This diet of mine / my diet isnt having much effect. (Ch n king ny ca ti khng c kt qu lm). That car of Anns / Anns car is always breaking down. (Chic xe ca Ann lun b hng).

C V MAI PHNG - KHA NG PHP

* Lu vic hnh thnh cc cm t ny l thng thng nhng khng nht thit l lun lun. B. This / these / that / those dng nh i t: This is may umbrella. Thats yours. (y l ci d ca ti. Kia l ca anh). These are the old classrooms. Those are the new ones. (y l nhng lp hc c. Kia l nhng lp hc mi). Whos that (man over there?) Thats Tom Jones. (Ai (Ngi n ng ng kia l ai?) l Tom Jones). Sau mt chng trnh pht thanh: That was the concerto in C minor by Vivaldi. ( l bn concerto cung th ca Vivaldi). This is cng c th c dng trong gii thiu: ANN (to TOM) : This is my brother Hugh. ANN (vi Tom) : y l Hugh em trai ti. ANN (to HUGH) : Hugh, this is Tom Jones. (ANN (vi Hugh) : Hugh, y l Tom Jones. Telephone caller : Good morning. This is / I am Tom Jones (Ngi gi in thoi : Xin cho, y l / Ti l Tom Jones) Dng I am th hi trang trng hn dng This is v n c dng khi ngi ta gi l mt ngi l i vi ngi kia. Tn ngi gi + here th km trang trng hn This is. Those c th c mt mnh quan h xc nh theo sau: Those who couldnt walk were carried on stretchers. (Nhng ai khng th i c th c khing trn cng). This / that c th ch mt danh t, cm t hay mnh c cp trc: Theyre digging up my road. They do this every summer (H ang o con ng ca ti. H lm vic ny mi ma h) He said I wasnt a good wife. Wasnt that a horrible thing to say? (Anh ta ni rng ti khng phi l mt ngi v tt. khng phi l mt iu kinh khng ni ?) C. This/ these, that/ those dng vi one/ ones: 1. Khi c mt s tng so snh hay chn lc, i t one/ ones thng c t sau nhng ch nh t, nhng khng nht thit tr khi this, v.v c theo sau bi mt tnh t This chair is too low. Ill sit in that (one) (Ci gh ny qu thp. Ti s ngi vo ci kia) I like this (one) best. ( Ti thch ci ny nht) I like this blue one/these blue ones. (Ti thch ci mu xanh ny/ nhng ci mu xanh ny)

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V tr v chc nng ca tnh t 1. Tnh t c th lm tnh t (attributive use) hoc b ng (predicate use). - tnh t thng ng trc danh t. V d: It is a hot day. This is a new car. Nam will become a good worker. a rich man ( mt ngi giu c), a happy girl ( mt c gi hnh phc) Nhng trng hp c bit: + ng sau mt nhm t ng o lng The river is two hundred kilometers long The man is eighty years old The road is four metres wide + ng sau i t bt nh everything, anything, something, nothing Ill tell you something new There is nothing new. Hell provide everything necessary. + ng sau danh t khi cn mt nhm t b ngha cho n He wants a glass full of milk. He is a man greedy of money + Trong trng hp nhiu tnh t cng b ngha cho mt danh t, c th t sau He has a face thin and worn, but eager and resolute. 2. Lm b ng Tnh t lm b ng khi n kt hp vi mt ng t lm thnh v ng trong cu. Cc ng t trc n thng l to be, to turn, to become, to fall, to keep, to remain V d: It is cold, wet and windy. Nam fell asleep. Tom became rich (Tom tr nn giu c) Ann seems happy (Ann dng nh sung sng) hoc (b): appear (xut hin), feel (cm thy), get/ grow (tr nn), keep (gi), look (trng), make (lm), smell (ngi), sound (nghe), taste (nm), turn (tr nn) Tom felt cold ( Tom cm thy lnh) He got/ grew impatient (Anh ta tr nn nn nng/ st rut) He made her happy (Anh ta lm c ta sung sng) The idea sounds interesting ( kin nghe hay y)

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Nhng tnh t v tr ny c gi l tnh t v ng (predicative), nhng ng t dng cch ny c gi l ng t ni (link verbs) hay ng t h t (copulas) Mt rc ri v cch dng cc ng t B (b) trn l khi chng khng c dng nh l ng t ni th chng vn c th c b ngha bi nhng trng t theo cch dng quen thuc. iu ny lm nhng ngi hc ting Anh lng tng v a s thng dng trng t thay v dng tnh t sau cc ng t ni. Sau y l mt s v d v s khc nhau trong cch dng trng t v tnh t: He looked calm (tnh t) (Anh ta trng im tnh) He looked calmly (trng t) at the angry crowd. (Anh ta im tnh nhn vo m ng gin d) She turned pale (tnh t) (c ta tr nn xanh xao) He turned angrily (trng t) to the man behind him. (Anh ta gin d quay sang ngi n ng ng sau anh ta) The soup tasted horrible (tnh t) (Sp n m kinh khng tht) He tasted the soup suspiciously (trng t) (Anh ta n m mt cch nghi hoc) 3. N cng c th i theo sau c ng t v tn ng lm b ng cho tn ng. V d: The sun keeps us warm. This doesnt make me happy. - Ngha ca early (sm) v late (mun) c th ty thuc vo v tr ca chng: an early/ a late train (mt chuyn xe la sm/ mun) [cu ny c ngha l chuyn xe la chy ng lch trnh l sm hay mun trong ngy] cn the train is early/ late (xe la n sm/ mun) [cu ny c ngha l xe la n sm hay mun theo gi n nh] - poor (ngho) c th t trc danh t hay sau ng t - poor (ng thng) phi t trc danh t d)Cch dng ca and Vi nhng tnh t thuc ng th and (v) c dng ch yu khi c hai hay nhiu tnh t ch mu sc v c t trc tnh t cui. a green and brown carpet ( mt tm thm xanh v nu) a red, white and blue flag (mt l c mu , trng v xanh) Vi nhng tnh t v ng th and c t gia hai t cui. The day was cold, wet and windy (Ngy th lnh, m t v c gi)

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Bi tp: t tnh t trong ngoc vo ng v tr 1. Bring me something to drink (cool) 2. The leaves turn in Autumn (yellow) 3. Woollen clothes keep our bodies (warm) 4. Shelly is a poet (famous) 5. I have nothing to give you (interesting) 6. The corn waved in the wind (ripe, golden) 7. Vietnam is a country (rich and beautiful) 8. I found him still in his bed (asleep) 9. Arent these oranges (delicious)? 10. Is she a girl (pretty)?