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PT3733 TEKNOLOGI JARINGAN NIRKABEL

Pengenalan Jaringan Nirkabel dan Sellular

Program Studi D3 Teknik Switching dan Jaringan Jurusan Teknik Elektro Institut Teknologi Telkom BANDUNG, 2008
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Klasifikasi WIRELESS
F ixed W ireless Non C ellu lar co n to h : point to point com m unication , infra red com m unication , LM D S , M icrow ave com m unication co n to h : C ellu lar W ireless C o m m u n icatio n Non C ellu lar M o b ile W ireless C ellu lar P H S , C T2, P A C S , D C S1800, DECT co n to h : paging system (E R M E S , N T T, N E C ) , dispatching system , P A M R ( P ublic A ccess M obile R adio ) dsb co n to h : G S M , C D M A /IS -95, A M P S , U M T S , P H S , D C S 1800, N M T 450, T A C S , C -450, dsb

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Sistem Komunikasi Bergerak

Syarat Ada sedikitnya satu terminal bergerak di dalam komunikasi Pada awalnya Daya pancar tinggi Antena setinggi-tingginya Cakupan sel sebesar-besarnya Konsep Handoff tidak ada
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Generasi Awal Sistem Komunikasi Bergerak

Radio tower Radio tower

Kelemahan

Biaya mahal karena perlu penguat daya tinggi dan antena tinggi Kenyamanan pelanggan terganggu saat berpindah cakupan Kapasitas rendah Efisiensi spektrum rendah
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Perkembangan Siskomber
Satelit
Sistem Komunikasi bergerak
GMPCS (Global Mobile Personal Communication System) Iridium,Globalstar

Terestrial
Siskomber Selluler

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Klasifikasi Sistem Cellular

Menurut Daerah Jangkauan (Coverage)

1. Large Zone (Single Cell/Convensional). * Radius +/- 20 miles. * STKB Inti. 2. Multi Zone (Cellular). * STB ( NMT, GSM, CDMA) 3. Global System (Mobile Satelite). * Iridium, Globalstar,GMPCS

Menurut Sistem Transmisi yang digunakan 1. STB dgn Transmisi Tereterial. * Radio Teresterial (VHF/UHF). * Single Cell Convensional & Cellular. 2. STB dgn Transmisi Satelite. * Iridium , Globalstar, GMPCS

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Standar Sistem Seluler

Sistem Seluler Analog Generasi Pertama
AMPS ( Advanced Mobile Phone System ) NMT 450 ( Nordic Mobile Phone ) TACS ( Total Access Communication System )

Sistem Seluler Digital Generasi Kedua

GSM ( Global System for Mobile Communication ) DAMPS ( Digital AMPS ) CDMA/IS-95

Generasi Ketiga
IMT 2000
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Technology Cellular.
1G wireless 2G wireless
AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service) CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) PDC (Personal Digital Cellular) W-CDMA (Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access) CDMA-2000
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- Analog voice service - No data service

- Digital voice service - 9.6K to 14.4K bit/sec. - CDMA, TDMA and PDC offer one-way data transmissions only - Enhanced calling features like caller ID - No always-on data connection - Superior voice quality - Up to 2M bit/sec. - always-on data - Broadband data services like video & multimedia - Enhanced roaming

3G wireless

Cellular Evolution : European ways

1G
TACS, NMT, etc
Analog speech

2G
GSM

2.5G
GPRS & EDGE
Digial speech, low speed data, medium speed up to 384 kbs

3G IMT-2000/ UMTS
4 QoS Class : Conversational, streaming, interactive, & background

Digial speech, low speed data

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2G Vs 3G
2G Layanan Kapasitas Transmisi Switching/ Routing Pentarifan Suara+ Low data rate 22,8 kb/s Circuit Time and Location based Aplikasi Multimedia 2 Mb/s Packet Volume Based 3G

1980: s st

Generasi Analog

1990: s

nd Generasi Digital

2000: s rd

Generasi pita lebar

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Advanced Mobile Phone Service.

Pioneer of cellular telecommunications FDMA-based analog system
Low capacity of subscriber per cell

Unsecure

Phone number can be scanned and copied Voice conversation is not encrypted

C ell S canner
M obile Identifier N um ber, E quipm ent S erial N ubm er, V oice data

B ase S tation

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Global System for Mobile Communications.

The most popular of cellular technologies
Supported in nearly all countries

TDMA-based digital system Secure

8 times capacity of AMPS per frequency band All information exchange between Mobile Station (MS) and Base Station (BS) are encrypted

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GSM Evolution

GSM CS Up to 9,6 Kbps

GSM GPRS Up to 115 kbps

UMTS Up to 2 Mbps or 384 in mobility

2G

GSM HSCSD Up to 38,4 kbps

3G 2.5G EDGE

Operators prefer choose direct going to GPRS technology rather than going to GSM HSCSD technology because no HSCSD handset availability and short time stage
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Mobile Stations (MS)

Cellular System Architecture.

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

A interface
Base Station Controller (BSC)

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

Abis interface

Base Station (BS)

Um interface
Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

Mobile Switching Centre (MSC)

Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)

Base Station Controller (BSC)

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

Abis interface

Base Station (BS)

CCITT Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) interface

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CDMAOne.
Newest cellular phone standard
Developed by Qualcomm Supported mainly in the Americas and East Asia

CDMA-based digital system

Up to 18 times capacity of AMPS per frequency band

Very Secure
Listeners need the right descrambler key Optional encryption is also available

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Perbandingan
AMPS
Akses jamak Modulasi Bandwidth RF Kanal / carrier RF Frekunsi Uplink Frekuensi Downlink FDMA FM 30 kHz 1 824 849 MHz 869 894 MHz

GSM
TDMA GMSK 200 kHz 8 890 915 MHz 935 960 MHz

CDMA/IS-95
DS-CDMA QPSK 1,25 MHz 20 30 824 849 MHz 869 894 MHz

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Trend Teknologi Seluler

Syarat Pelayanan Aplikasi multimedia baru Arsitektur layanan terpadu Layanan berbasis Internet Protocol Data Kecepatan tinggi Suara kualitas tinggi Teknologi Akses WCDMA ( Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)
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Cellular Evolution and 3G Roadmap.

GSM
Europe

GSM

GPRS

W-CDMA EDGE

HSDPA UMTS

HSCSD PDC
Japan

PDC

PDC+ CDMA2000 1X-RTT IS-95B EV-DO

3G+ >5 Mbps

D-AMPS IS-95

North America

D-AMPS IS-95

EV-DV

North America

2G 2.5G 3G PT3733-TekJarNirKab-MODUL:01 9.6-14 kbps 114-384 kbps 0.384-2 Mbps

Data Rate and Mobility.

Mobility Vehicle

4G Mobile

Pedestrian

3G Mobile

IEEE802.11a HIPERLAN/2

IEEE802.11g Stationary Bluetooth

0.1 1 10

IEEE802.11b IEEE802.15.3 Future high speed RLAN

100 1000

Data Rate [Mbps]

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CDMA Standards Evolution

IS-95A CDMA Voice, packet9.6/14.4 Kbps IS-95B CDMA Voice, packet64 Kbps IS-2000 1X 144 Kbps 600 Kbps peak IS-2000 1XEV-DO 600 Kbps; 2.4 Kbps peak IS-2000 1XEV-DV 2-5 Mbps peak

All IP

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Source: CDMA2000-A world view

(analog) Paging Systems, e.g. City Call Cordless Telephone e.g. CT1, 1+ wireless Telephone cell Private Mobile Radio PMR Cellular systems e.g. C450, NMT, AMPS MSS e.g. INMARSAT

1G

(digital) Paging Systems e.g. ERMES Cordless Telephone e.g. DECT, PACS, PHS Wireless Local Loops WLL PMR e.g. TETRA Cellular systems e.g. GSM, D-AMPS, IS-95, PDC MSS e.g. IRIDIUM, ICO, Globalstar

2G

IMT-2000
3G
1 family of standards for all applications countries

e.g. UMTS, cdma2000, UWC-136

different, incompatible standards for different applications, countries & regions

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IMT-2000 (Family of Standards)

IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces

IMT-2000 CDMA Direct Spread WCDMA (UMTS)

IMT-2000 CDMA Multi Carrier CDMA2000 1X and 3X

IMT-2000 CDMA TDD UTRA TDD And TD-SCDMA

IMT-2000 TDMA Single Carrier UWC-136/ EDGE

IMT-2000 FDMA/ TDMA DECT

CDMA

TDMA
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FDMA

UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

Zone 4: Global Zone 3: Suburban / Rural Zone 2: Urban MSS Macro Cell Micro Cell Zone 1: Indoor Pico Cell

144 kbit/s cellular

1885
1850 1900

144 kbit/s
1980 2010 2025

384 kbit/s

2048 kbit/s
2170

max. data rate

MSS
2000 2050 2100

cellular
2110
2150

MSS
2200
2200 2250

1950

Frequency range [MHz] PT3733-TekJarNirKab-MODUL:01

3G Open Systems Technology Platform

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GMPCS
Definisi awal : Sistem satelit orbit non geostasioner , disebut juga Big Leo Frekuensi diatas 1 GHz Layanan suara dan data narrow band Dianggap sebagai komponen IMT 2000 , yang menyatukan berbagai sistem dalam satu infrastruktur radio terpadu Komunikasi anywhere and anytime Definisi sekarang : Semua sistem yang memberikan layanan telekomunikasi dari gugusan satelit baik trans-nasional, regional, maupun basis global
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Global Mobile Personal Communication System

Mobile Satellite Systems MSS

10,000 - 20,000 km

Supply to/ in case of:

- inaccessible, underpopulated areas - poor infrastructure - high seas - catastrophe areas - failure of other supplies 700 - 1,500 km

Medium Earth Orbit

MEO

Earth Low Earth

Orbit

LEO

1G:
MARISAT (USA) since 1976 INMARSAT (International Maritime Satellite Organisation): since 1979; > 80 member countries 4 GEO satellites; global access

approx. 36,000 km

GEostationary Orbit

GEO

High Elliptic PT3733-TekJarNirKab-MODUL:01 Orbit

HEO

Iridium, ICO, Globalstar private MSS operator speech- & low data rate services

2G: