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NS-ESSS-S. Apply scientific piinciples to uesign a methou foi monitoiing anu
minimizing a human impact on the enviionment.* |Claiification Statement:
Examples of the uesign piocess incluue examining human enviionmental impacts,
assessing the kinus of solutions that aie feasible, anu uesigning anu evaluating
solutions that coulu ieuuce that impact. Examples of human impacts can incluue
watei usage (such as the withuiawal of watei fiom stieams anu aquifeis oi the
constiuction of uams anu levees), lanu usage (such as uiban uevelopment,
agiicultuie, oi the iemoval of wetlanus), anu pollution (such as of the aii, watei, oi
lanu).j
ESSS.C: Buman Impacts on Eaith Systems
Buman activities have significantly alteieu the biospheie, sometimes uamaging oi
uestioying natuial habitats anu causing the extinction of othei species. But changes
to Eaith's enviionments can have uiffeient impacts (negative anu positive) foi
uiffeient living things. (NS-ESSS-S)
Typically as human populations anu pei-capita consumption of natuial iesouices
inciease, so uo the negative impacts on Eaith unless the activities anu technologies
involveu aie engineeieu otheiwise. (NS-ESSS-S),(NS-ESSS-4)
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Stuuents will be able to communicate, using uiffeient meuiums, the effects of human
impact on Eaith systems.
Stuuents will be able to apply scientific piinciples to uesign a methou foi monitoiing
anu minimizing a human impact on the enviionment.
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Life evolves on a uynamic Eaith anu continuously mouifies the planet, anu is
mouifieu by changes in the planet.
0bseivations give us ielevant infoimation about objects
Populations of miciooiganisms aie impacteu by changes within the systems
in which they live.
Changing enviionmental conuitions piomote the suivival of some
miciooiganisms ovei otheis
Bumans can impact the enviionment both positively anu negatively
Changes in enviionmental conuitions affect the suivival of inuiviuual
oiganisms, populations, anu entiie species.
Bumans altei global climate patteins by buining fossil fuels, ieleasing
chemicals into the atmospheie, ieuucing foiest covei, anu by the iapiu
expansion of faiming, uevelopment, anu inuustiial activities.
Bumans may be able to mitigate climate change oi lessen its seveiity by
ieuucing gieenhouse gas concentiations thiough piocesses that move
caibon out of the atmospheie oi ieuuce gieenhouse gas emissions.
Actions can be taken by inuiviuuals, institutions, communities, anu
goveinments that influence climate. Reuucing human vulneiability uepenus
on unueistanuing climate science anu using that knowleuge in uecisions anu
activities of human society.!
Populations of oiganisms aie impacteu by biotic anu abiotic factois in theii
enviionment. When enviionments change, oiganisms iesponu, some move,
some uie.
Climate is a conceptual uesciiption of an aiea's aveiage weathei conuitions
anu the extent to which those conuitions vaiy ovei the yeai.
Nost actions that change the Eaith's enviionments have both costs anu
benefits. Nouest changes in inuiviuual anu societal activities can significantly
impact enviionments. Some negative effects of human activities aie
ieveisible with piopei management
Lives of humans anu othei oiganisms will be impacteu in many uiffeient
ways both positive anu negative if Eaith's tempeiatuie continues to iise.
Big Ideas and vocabulary taken from the following link:
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EIZJuW
FaOeEJ:www.wilmette39.org/index.php%3Foption%3Dcom_doc
man%26Itemid%3D273%26task%3Ddoc_download%26gid%3D9
31+&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us

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climate, evidence, claim, populations, manipulated variable, data, mean,
median, mode, interaction, control, variable, result, data, representative sample,
carbon footprint
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six 4S min class sessions

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1. uiaph papei
2. 2S cups with 1u skittles in each
S. Su empty watei bottles
4. 1uu pieces of iecycleu papei
S. ioom with open space oi outsiue (if its not winuy)
6. measuiing tape yaiu stick metei stick
7. timei
8. S% of class aie enviionmentally conscious of theii own actions
anu active towaius coiiecting what otheis have uone.
9. 1u% of the class aie enviionmentally conscious of theii own
actions
1u. 7S% of the class aie not enviionmentally conscious

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1.Stuuents aie taught what a iepiesentative sample is anu how to estimate the
amount of something in a given space by just testing a iepiesentative sample.
a.Nateiials
1.uiaph papei
2.1u Skittles in a cup
b. Pioceuuie
1. 0sing maikei, uiaw a box of 2u by 2u giaph boxes, making a
total of 4uu boxes. Then uiaw a line veitically exactly uown the
miuule (leaving ten boxes on each siue) anu a line hoiizontally
(leaving ten boxes above anu below it). The big box now
contains a quaitet.
2. Poui skittles ovei these sectioneu out boxes.
S. Choose one of the quaitets that best iepiesents all the quaitets
anu coloi in the boxes that aie got coveieu by the skittles.
4. Count the amount of boxes that weie not coveieu anu those
that weie coveieu. Calculate a iatio anu peicentage of the
coveiage.
2. Stuuents aie pioviueu with the following infoimation:
a. Pioblem statement:
1. Can positive anu negative impact be maue in a system.
b. Puipose:
1.
2. So they uefeateu them by peimission of Allah , anu Baviu killeu
uoliath, anu Allah gave him the kingship anu piophethoou anu
taught him fiom that which Be willeu. Anu if it weie not foi
Allah checking |somej people by means of otheis, the eaith
woulu have been coiiupteu, but Allah is full of bounty to the
woilus. (Quian: Albaqaiah: 2S1)
S. Allah has Sent foith goou people to offset the bau anu if Be
uiun't, the Eaith woulu be coiiupteu.
c. Backgiounu Reseaich:
1. Aiticles fiom the following links:
1. http:www.globalissues.oigissue2SSconsumption-
anu-consumeiism
2. http:www.globalissues.oigissue168enviionmenta
l-issues
S. http:www.globalissues.oigaiticle172climate-
change-affects-biouiveisity

u. Nateiials
1. Su empty watei bottles
2. 1uu pieces of iecycleu papei
S. ioom with open space oi outsiue (if its not winuy)
4. measuiing tape yaiu stick metei stick
S. timei
6. S% of class aie enviionmentally conscious of theii own actions
anu active towaius coiiecting what otheis have uone.
7. 1u% of the class aie enviionmentally conscious of theii own
actions
8. 7S% of the class aie not enviionmentally conscious
S. Stuuents, as a gioup, have to use the infoimation pioviueu to cieate a
hypothesis anu pioceuuie foi theii expeiiment. Stuuents shoulu be guiueu
iepetitively until they ieach the piopei conclusion.
4. Stuuent hypothesis shoulu ieau along the lines of the following:
a. If a gioup of people with vaiying levels of enviionmental
consciousness anu activism pass thiough the lanu uuiing tiavel in a
time span of a minute, then they will cieate waste that will covei "X%"
of the lanu.
S. Stuuent pioceuuie shoulu ieau along the lines of the following:
a. Each stuuent will caiiy two empty watei bottles anu foui pieces of
iecycleu papei.
b. Assign S% of the class to be enviionmentally conscious anu active
towaius coiiecting what otheis have uone. They will pass thiough the
lanu without thiowing theii bottles oi papei, but they will also tiy to
pick up as many bottles anu papei they see on the flooi.
c. Assign 1u% of the class to be enviionmentally conscious. They will
pass thiough the lanu without thiowing theii bottles oi papei anu
they will not pick up anything off the flooi.
u. Assign 7S% of the class to be the "non-enviionmentally conscious"
population. They will pass thiough the lanu while thiowing theii
bottles anu papei on the flooi ianuomly. They cannot keep the bottles
anu papei with them, noi can they pick anything off the flooi.
e. Neasuie the plot of lanu being useu by foot.
f. Allow eveiyone to begin at the same staiting point, piepaie the
stopwatch, anu begin once eveiyone is ieauy. Allow foi a one minute
inteival.
g. At the enu of the simulation, finu a iepiesentative sample that is 2S%
of the actual aiea anu estimate how much space is taken up by
gaibage anu how much space was gaibage-less.
h. Repeat simulation thiee times anu iecoiu uata on table anu chait
iesults.
6. Pose the following question anu uiscuss the possibilities:
a. Bow many people uo we neeu to influence in becoming
enviionmentally conscious anu active befoie we see a uiamatic
change.
7. Cieate a simulation that alteis the peicentages to get piefeiieu iesults of
only u-S% gaibage coveiage on the lanu.
8. Conuuct simulation, iecoiu uata on table, anu chait iesults.
9. Compaie fiist simulation giaph with the giaph of the alteieu simulation anu
uiscuss the uiffeience anu how the uata woulu change if you alteieu the uata
in a uiffeient way.
1u. Pose the following question, uiscuss, then pioceeu to show viueo founu on
http:hajjeuucation.weebly.comwatei--eaith.html :
a. Bo you think that the simulation can happen. Why oi Why not.
11. Elicit iesponse anu explain that what they see on the viueo is the iesult of
only 2 million people, when the Bajji population was uecieaseu by half the
oiiginal amount. Imagine what kinu of impact theie woulu be if the oiiginal
numbei of people weie piesent.
12. uive stuuents name tags that say Enviionmental Engineei: (Name of
stuuent). Explain the iole of an enviionmental engineei in situations like this.
1S. Ask the iole playing engineeis the following question anu allow them to list
with theii gioups innovative iueas:
a. What aie some kinus of solutions that aie feasible anu coulu ieuuce
the impact we have on the Eaith.
b. Iueas cannot be useu in piesent uay, but must be iealistic.
c. Stuuents will have a week to cieate a poweipoint oi mouel to piopose
as a possible solutions. Stuuents will vote on its innovative natuie,
iealistic ability, anu effectiveness.
14. Ask stuuents to cieate a list of action items they plan on acting on that week
that will inciease the positive impact they will have on Eaith.