Year 10 Topics:

Population Change: Key Idea

1. Over time the global population increases and the population structures of different countries change.

Content
The exponential rate of world population growth. Countries pass through different stages of population growth as shown in the five stages of the Demographic Transition Model (birth rate, death rate and natural population changes . Changing population structure. The impact of increasing urbanisation, agricultural change, education and the emancipation of women on the rate of population growth. The social, economic and political implication of population change and the need to achieve sustainable development. The effectiveness of population policies adopted in different countries since the 1$$%s to include birth control programmes and other strategies adopted. " case stud# of China&s polic# since the 1$$%s and one of a non birth control population polic#. The relationship between the population structure and population decline and the impact on the future economic development. The problems associated with an ageing dependent population. (overnment strategies to cope with an ageing population and the incentives suggested for encouraging an increase in a countr#&s birth rate. " case stud# of the problems and strategies in one )* countr# with an ageing population. Migration is a result of decision ma-ing . push and pull factors have positive and

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Case Study

!. " range of strategies has been tried b# countries experiencing rapid population growth.

'. "n ageing population impacts on the future development of a countr#.

+. ,opulation movements impact on both the source regions

of migrants and the receiving countries.

negative impacts. )conomic movements within the )*, refugee movements to the )* and the impacts of such movements.

The Restless Earth: Key Idea

1. The )arth&s crust is unstable, especiall# at plate margins. !. *ni0ue landforms occur at plate margins.

Content
Distribution of plates/ contrasts between continental and oceanic plates. Destructive, constructive and conservative plate margins. 1ocation and formation of fold mountains, ocean trenches, composite volcanoes and shield volcanoes. " case stud# of one range of fold mountains. The wa#s in which the# are used 2 farming, 3#dro )lectric ,ower mining, tourism and how people adapt to limited communications, steep relief, poor soils. Characteristics of different t#pes of volcanoes. " case stud# of a volcanic eruption 2 its cause/ primar# and secondar# effects/ positive and negative impacts/ immediate and long term responses. Monitoring and predicting volcanic eruptions. The characteristics of a supervolcano and the li-el# effects of an eruption. 1ocation and cause of earth0ua-e. :eatures of earth0ua-es 2 epicentre, focus, shoc- waves and the measurement of earth0ua-es using the 6ichter and Mercalli 8cales. " case stud# of an earth0ua-e in a rich part of the world and one from a poorer area 2 their specific causes/ primar# and secondar# effects/ immediate and long term responses 2 the

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Case Study

'. ,eople use these landforms as a resource and adapt to the conditions within them.

+. 4olcanoes are ha5ards resulting from tectonic activit#. Their primar# and secondar# effects are positive as well as negative. 6esponses change in the aftermath of an eruption.

7. 8upervolcanoes are on a much bigger scale than other volcanoes and an eruption would have global conse0uences. 9. )arth0ua-es occur at constructive, destructive and conservative plate margins.

;. The effects of earth0ua-es and responses to them differ due to contrasts in levels of wealth.

<. Tsunamis are a specific secondar# effect and can have devastating effects in coastal areas.

need to predict, protect and prepare. Contrasts in effects and responses will be clear. " case stud# of a tsunami 2 its cause, effects and responses.

Tourism: Key Idea

1. The glo al gro!th o" tourism has seen the exploitation of a range of di""erent en#ironments for holida# ma-ers. !. )ffective management strategies are the -e# to the continuing prosperit# of tourist areas in the *=.

Content
Reasons for the global increase in tourism. The potential of cities$ mountains and coastal areas for the development of tourism. The economic importance of tourism to countries in different parts of the world. Contribution of tourism to the *= econom#. >mpact of external factors on visitor numbers to the *=. Tourist area?resort life c#cle model. " case stud# of either a *= @ational ,ar- or a *= coastal resort. The reasons for its growth as a tourist destination. The effectiveness of strategies to cope with the impact of large numbers of tourists. ,lans to ensure the continuing success of the tourism industr# in the area. The meaning of mass tourism. " case stud# of an established tropical tourist area which attracts large numbers of visitors. The positive and negative effects of mass tourism on the econom# and environment. 8trategies for maintaining the importance of tourism in the area and reducing its negative effects. The attractions of extreme environments to tourists. The increased demand for adventure holida#s. The impact of tourism on an extreme environment.

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Case Study

'. Mass tourism has advantages for an area but strategies need to be in place to reduce the li-elihood of long.term damage.

+. )xtreme environments are susceptible to environmental damage from the development

of tourism.

7. 8ustainabilit# re0uires the development of ecotourism.

" case stud# of one extreme area and the extent to which it can cope with the development of a tourist industr#. The need for stewardship and conservation. " case stud# of the wa#s that ecotourism can benefit the environment, the local econom# and the lives of the people. " consideration that this form of tourism can contribute to sustainable development.

Year 11 Topics:
Ice on the %and: Key Idea
1. The amount of ice on a global and continental level has changed in the past.

Content
The last >ce "ge (,leistocene 2 time scale and extent of maximum ice cover in the northern hemisphere. ,resent extent of ice cover. Contrasts and evidence of changes 2 global temperatures. (lacial budgetA accumulation and ablation, advance and retreat. Case stud# of a glacier 2 recent retreat since nineteenth centur#A causes and evidence. 8easonal shifts in temperature and glaciers. :ree5e thaw weathering. ,rocesses of erosion 2 abrasion and pluc-ing. ,rocesses of movement and transportation 2 rotational slip and bulldo5ing. Deposition and the reasons for it. 1andforms resulting from erosion 2 characteristics and formation of corries, arBtes, p#ramidal pea-s, truncated spurs, glacial troughs, ribbon la-es and hanging valle#s. 1andforms resulting from transportation and deposition 2 drumlins, lateral, medial, ground and terminal moraine. Case stud# of an "lpine area for winter sports and an area for sightseeing of glaciers 2 the attractions for tourists/ economic, social and environmental impact. The need for management and the management strategies used and their level of success. "valanche ha5ards. The impact of retreat and unreliabilit# of snowfall in some resorts. The economic, social and environmental impact 2 including the concept of fragile environments.

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Case Study

!. The amount of ice depends on the glacial budget. This has seen a loss since 1$7% and there are seasonal changes due to fluctuations in temperature. '. >ce is a powerful force in shaping the land as a result of weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition.

+. Distinctive landforms result from different processes.

7. 1andscapes that are activel# affected b# snow and ice attract tourists. This leads to conflict and issues over the use of such areas.

9. (lacial retreat can pose a threat to the economies of areas rel#ing on tourism and result in damage to fragile environments.

Changing &r an En#ironments: Key Idea

1. *rbanisation is a global phenomenon.

Content
8tudents should appreciate the different pace and causes of urbanisation in the rich and poor world. 8tudents should gain an appreciation of different functional parts of a settlement including locations of CCD, inner cit#, suburbs and rural 2 urban fringe. Overview of the issues facing man# urban areas. 3ousing 2 the attempts to satisf# the increased housing needs of the population in different parts of the cit#. >mpact of (overnment strategies from the 1$$%s on the inner cit#. Traffic 2 impact of increased use of road transport on the environment and solutions aimed at reducing the impact. 6evitalising the image of the CCD b# improving the ph#sical environment. Cultural Mix 2 factors causing ethnic segregation within urban areas. 8trategies aimed at supporting the multicultural nature of man# urban areas. Characteristics of s0uatter settlements. )ffect on the lives of the people of living in s0uatter settlements. "ttempts b# the inhabitants themselves to improve s0uatter settlements over time. 8elf 3elp, 8ite and 8ervice and 1ocal "uthorit# schemes to improve s0uatter settlements. " case stud# of a s0uatter settlement redevelopment. )ffects of rapid urbanisation and industrialisation. Difficulties of disposal of waste, much of which is toxic. )ffects and management of air and water pollution. Characteristics of a sustainable cit#. )nvironmental 2 the importance of conserving the historic and natural environment. *se of Crownfield sites. 6educing and safel# disposing of waste. ,roviding ade0uate open spaces. 8ocial 2 including local people in

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Case Study

! *rban areas have a variet# of functions and land uses.

'. There are aspects of urban living in a richer part of the world that need careful planning in order to support the population and environment of cities and towns.

+. 6apid urbanisation has led to the development of s0uatter settlements and an informal sector to the econom#.

7. 6apid urbanisation in a poorer part of the world re0uires the management of the environmental problems caused. 9. "ttempts can be made to ensure that urban living is sustainable.

the decision.ma-ing process. ,rovision of an efficient public transport s#stem. " case stud# of sustainable urban living.

Challenge o" 'eather and Climate:

Key Idea 1. The characteristics of the *= climate can be explained b# its global position. Content The characteristics of the *= climate 2 monthl# temperatures, precipitation, sunshine hours. 6easons for the climate and variations within the *= with reference to latitude, altitude, pressure, winds and distance from the sea. The se0uence of weather associated with the passage of a depression and the reasons for it. The weather that accompanies an antic#clone. 8ummer and winter contrasts and reasons for the differences. )vidence that weather is becoming more extreme. Deather events from the last 1% #ears 2 a consideration of evidence that weather is becoming more extreme. The impact of this on people&s homes and lives, agriculture, health, transport 2 benefits and costs and issues raised 2 need for ade0uate warning, preparation, plans to deal with impacts. The evidence for and against global climate change. Dorld and *= temperatures for the last 1%% and 1%%% #ears. The possible causes of global warming. )conomic, social, environmental and political conse0uences of global climate change for the world and the *=. 6esponses to the threat of global climate changeA global response, reducing carbon emission/ the =#oto ,rotocol, carbon credits. 1ocal responsesA transport strategies, taxation, congestion charging, conserving energ#, rec#cling. Cause of tropical revolving storms (hurricanes?t#phoons?c#clones?will # willies 2 the se0uence of events leading to their formation. The structure and characteristics of a hurricane. " case stud# of such storms in a rich part of the world and one from a poorer area. 8ocial, economic and environmental effects and short and long term responses (monitoring, prediction, protection and preparation . Done Case Study

!. Depressions and antic#clones have an important and contrasting influence on *= weather.

'. *= weather is becoming more extreme. This has an impact on human activit# which ma# be positive or negative.

+. There is a debate about the evidence for and causes of global climate change.

7. The conse0uences of global climate change will be significant and change the wa# we live. 9. There must be an international?national? local, united response to the threat of global climate change.

;. Tropical revolving storms are a maEor climatic ha5ard. The effects of and responses to tropical revolving storms var# between areas of contrasting levels of wealth.