RT0809137 EXPERIMENT-6

Name of the Experiment: Closed loop control of DC motor using hysterisis

Current Controller

Objective: To obtain the speed control of DC motor using hysterisis current

Controller

Circuit Diagram:
Speed Controller

where
Kp = 1.6
Ki = 16
Ilim = 30

Current Controller

where

Hysterisis Band (h) = 2

Description:

The back emf of an DC motor is given by

E b= kФω ……………..(1)

V = E b + IaRa

Where
Eb ------ the back emf of the motor
Ia ------ armature current in ampere
V ------ supply voltage
ω ------ speed of the motor in rad/sec
Ф ------ flux per pole

When the drive requires constant-speed operation the firing

angle has to change to maintain a constant speed. This can be achieved in a
closed-loop control system. The closed-loop system has the advantages of
improved accuracy, fast dynamic response and reduced effects of load
disturbances and system nonlinearities.
If the motor speed decreases due to application of additional load
torque, the speed error increases, which increase the control, signal. This, in
turn, changes the firing angle of the converter and thus increases the motor
armature voltage. An increase in the motor voltage develops more torque to
restore the speed of the drive system, the system thus passes through a
transient period until the developed torque matches the applied torque. In
practice, the motor is required to operate at a desired speed but it has to meet
the load torque which depends on the armature current .When the motor is
operating at a particular speed and if a load is applied suddenly, the speed
will fall and the motor will take time to come up to the desired speed.
Results:
Discussions:

Thus, the speed of the DC motor is controlled by using hysterisis current

controller. The hysterisis current controller controls the armature current
within some limits and thereby the speed of the motor is also controlled
which will be always less than the rated speed and follows the reference
speed given externally.
In this experiment we control the speed of dc motor to1000rpm for first
3sec, after motor runs at 1750rpm (rated speed).

References:

[1] Gopal K. Dubey, Fundamentals of Electrical Drives, second edition.