PHA CH HA CHT
I. Cc cng thc v nng :
1. Nng mol ( mol/l, M):
-
( n v mol/l, mmol/l )
th tch dung dch (v)
2.
-
L s mol cht tan c trong 1 kg dung mi, khng thay i theo nhit .
s mol cht tan (g)
Cm =
s kg dung mi (kg)
100
s gam dung dch (m)
100%
m = C
ppm
x
M chtxcnh
100
.Vml .10 6 ( g )
P
XA =
Trong :
M
- n =
, vi
: L s ng lng gam v
M
Z
- Z: S electron trao i trong 1 mol, s H (OH ) hay ion tham gia phn
ng trung ho.
6. Mi lin h:
C M = C%
II.
10d
M
C N = C%
10d
CN = CM / Z
Vi:
C M .M .V .100
1000 .p
CM
Vi :
C M .M.V.100
1000.d.C%
C M .M .V .100
1000.C %
: t trng (g/ml)
Vi :
C N ..V.100
1000.p
Vi :
C N ..V.100
1000.d.C%
Vi:
C %.mdd
100. p
Vi:
C %.mdd M 1
x
100. p
M2
Vi :
V1
V2
III.
Cch 1: Pha 1 th tch V1 dung dch c nng C1% t 1 dung dch c nng
C2% vi C2% > C1% c dung dch 1 v dung dch 2 tra bng.
C1.V1.d1 = C2.V2.d2
th tch dung dch C2% cn ly l:
V2 =
C1 .V1 .d 1
hay
C 2 .d 2
C1 d 2 .V2
=
C 2 d 1 .V1
Nng C%:
Dung dch u
C2 %
C1 %
C1%
H2O
V
C1 %
H2O0
=
VH 2 0 C 2 % C1 %
C2 C1
Dung dch u
C2
C1
C1
V
C1
=
VH 2 0 C 2 C1
H2O
IV.
C2 C1
2. Ch th Phenoltalein ( C20H14O4)n
-
5. Ch th Murexide ( C8H8N6O6)
-
Pha ch th ETOO c th bng etanol 96% ( 0,05% 0,5%) , KCl hoc bng
saccharose.
8. Ch th IndigoCarmine ( C16H8N2Na2O8S2)
-
Pha ch th Alizarin yellow 0,1% : Ha tan 0,1g ch th Alizarin vng trong 100
ml nc ct .
Dung dch A: Ha tan 0,1g MR trong 100m ethanol tinh khit trn ni cch
thu
Dung dch B: Ho tan 0,5 g Metylen xanh trong 100ml Ethanol 50%
Khi dng pha dung dch A vi dung dch B theo t l 1:1
7
c C = 1/15M
9
Tt c cc mui Fe khi pha lu cn phi tm ACID, tu thuc vo gc Clhay gc SO42- ta la chn ACID tm cho ng v s ml ACID cn cho vo
tu thuc lng cn nhiu hay t.
11
T
trng
HCl
%
T C2H4O2 T
trng
%
trng
H2SO4
%
T
trng
HNO3
%
T
trng
H3PO4
%
1,050
10,5
1.0125
10
1,035
1,055
10
1,055
10,32
1,075
15,5
1,0195
15
1,070
10
1,115
20
1,115
20,25
1,085
17,5
1,0263
20
1,105
15
1,180
30
1,150
25,57
1,005
19,4
1,0326
25
1,140
20
1,310
50
1,185
30,65
1,100
20,4
1,0384
30
1,180
25
1,370
60
1,335
50,07
1,175
35,2
1,0438
35
1,395
50
1,395
65,8
1,425
60,29
1,180
36,2
1,0575
50
1,5
60
1,405
68,1
1,685
85,11
1.185
37,2
1,0524
99
1,8355
96
1,485
91,1
1,745
90,13
1,190
38,3
1,0498
100
1,8342
99
1,413
100
1,870
100,0
12
H2SO4
CH3COOH
HCl
HNO3
H2 O2
NH4OH
M = 98.08
M= 60.05
M= 36.46
M= 63.01
M = 34.01
M= 17.03
C% = 96
C% = 99.5
C%= 36
C% = 68
C% = 30
C% = 25
d = 1.84
d = 1.05
d= 1.18
d = 1.4
d = 1.11
d= 0.88
EDTA.2H2O
CaCl2.2H2O
FeCl3.6H2O
SnCl2
NH4Cl
NaOH
M = 372.24
M= 147.02
M=270.3
M=225.63
M = 53.49
M= 40
P = 98%
P= 98%
P=99%
P = 98%
P = 99.5%
P = 96%
Pb(NO3)2
Na2SiO3
K2CrO4
K2Cr2O7
Ba(NO3)2
NaNO2
M=331.21
M=284.20
M=194.19
M=294.18
M=261.34
M=69.00
P=99%
P=20%
P=95.5%
P=99.8%
P=99.5%
P=99%
CdCl2.H2O
CoCl2.6H2O
NiCl2.6H2O
MnSO4.H2O
FeSO4.7H2O
Na2SO4
M= 228.35
M=237.93
M=237.70
M=169.02
M=278.02
M=142.4
P= 99%
P=99%
P=98%
P=99%
P=99%
P=99%
KCl
KMnO4
CuSO4.5H2O
MgCl2.6H2O
BaCl2
NaBr
M=74.55
M= 158.03
M=249.68
M=203.3
M=244.28
M=102.9
P=99.5%
P=99.5%
P=99%
P=98%
P=99%
P=99%
13
Iod
HgCl2
Na2CO3
CH3COONa
ZnCl2
KI
M=253.81
M=271.5
M=105.99
M = 16.08
M=163.3
M = 166
P=99.5%
P=99.5%
p=99%
p =99%
p=98%
p = 99%
KSCN
NH4SCN
Na2HPO4
(NH4)2C2O4
K4[Fe(CN)6] K3[Fe(CN)6]
M = 97.18
M = 76.12
M= 358.14
M= 142.11
M = 422.59
M=383.49
p = 98.5%
P = 98.5%
p = 99%
p = 99.8%
p = 99%
p = 99%
NH4SCN
AgNO3
MgSO4.7H2O
KH2PO4
NH4NO3
FeCl2.4H2O
M = 76.12
M=169.87
M= 246.47
M=136.09
M=80.04
M= 198.81
P = 98.5%
P = 99.8%
P=99%
P=99.5%
P= 99%
P= 99.5%
KOH
NaCl
KCN
M= 210.14
M=56.11
M=58.44
M = 65.15
M=126.07
M= 241.43
P= 99.5%
P=82%
P=99.5%
p = 96%
P= 99.5
P= 97%
Na2B4O7.
NH4Fe(SO4)2. (NH4)6Mo7O24.
H3PO4
10H2O
12H2O
H2 O
M=97.994
M= 381.37
M= 482.2
M=1235.86
C% = 85
P=99.5
P= 99%
p = 99%
d=1.69
Ca(NO3)2.
K2HPO4.
Cu(NO3)2.
4H2O
3H2O
3H2O
M= 236.15
M= 228.22
M= 241.60
P= 99%
P= 99%
P= 99.5%
Na2S2O3. 5H2O
M=248.18
P=99%
Al(NO3)3.
14
9H2O
Ca(OH)2
M= 375.13
M= 74.09
P= 99%
P= 90%
Cr2(SO4)3.
6H2O
M= 500.26
P=50%
Mui
Morh.6H2O
M=392.14
P=99.5%
15
KMnO4 bo ho 64g/l
NaCl bo ha 358g/l
Ag2SO4 bo ho 8g/l
Ca(OH)2 bo ha 1.7g/l
AgNO3 bo ho 2160g/l
Na2SO4 bo ha 160g/l
CH3COONa. 3H2O bo ho
613g/l
I2 bo ha 0.29g/l
NaHSO3 bo ha
NaBr bo ho 905g/l
Na2CO3 bo ha 220g/l
EDTA bo ho 100g/l
Ca(NO3)2. 4H2O bo ho
NaF bo ho 42g/l
1470g/l
Na2SO3 bo ho 220g/l
CaO bo ho 1.65g/l
Na2B4O7 bo ho 25.6g/l
(NH4)Fe(SO4)2.12H2O bo
ho 1240g/l
K2CO3 bo ho 1120g/l
(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O bo
KCl bo ho 330g/l
ho 269g/l
K2HPO4 bo ho 1600g/l
KOH bo ho 1130g/l
NH4NO3 bo ho 1920g/l
KIO3 bo ho 47g/l
NH4NO3 bo ho 1920g/l
KI bo ho 1430g/l
(NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O bo
ha 400g/l
KIO4 bo ho 7g/l
16