ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEM
Loss of habitat
Loss of biodiversity
Burning of fossil fuels and its Effects
Deforestation Burning Contributes
through slash activity 25% carbon
and burn dioxide
75% CO2
Atmosphere
comes from
burning of
fossil fuel
Effect : The
1. Greenhouse effect carbon dioxide
2. Global warming level increases
Intensive Farming and its Effect
ØContinuous cultivation of the same
plot of land.
ØThe ploughing of land down the slope
instead of along the slope contours.
ØOvergrazing by livestock that does Erosions of
topsoil by
not permit the grass to grow back. flowing water
when it rains.
Highly soluble
and quickly
leached out
Cause
Eutrophication Lakes and
river
Dumping of domestic and industrial
waste and its Effects
Caused Increase in
Human population
increased rapidly 1. domestic waste
2. industrial waste
Pollute:
-ground 1. Dumping of
- water resources waste
2. Discharge of
effluents
The impact of human
activities on the
ecosystem
Pollution Thinning of
ozone layer
Greenhouse
effect
WHAT IS POLLUTION ?
Type of Water
Noise
pollution
Sources:
Sources : - waste matter from
- in many industrial Thermal
industrial and
process domestic
- in cooling towers of - run-off fertilizer from
electrical power agricultural area
station
Air pollution
Factories that pump large amounts of carbon monoxide, oxides of
nitrogen and sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere.
particles. POLLUTANTS IN
•High level ofcarbon THE AIR DUE TO
monoxide, oxides of DIFFERENT
nitrogen and sulphur SOURCES
dioxide.
Eutrophication
Increase BOD
Toxic Materials
Eutrophication
The Effects of Water Pollution
Eutrophication
Increase BOD
Toxic Materials
EUTROPHICATION
Caused By
As a result, the
dissolved oxygen in
water is reduced and
the life of the living
aquatic organisms is
affected
What is Toxic Materials?
Electrical
Effluents power station Reflection
of cooling agent of sunlight
industrial by mirror
processes
Sources
The effects of the increase in
water temperature
Increase in BOD
The death of value when the
aquatic metabolic rate
organisms of aquatic
that only organisms
survive increases
within a
certain
range of
temperature
. effect food Disturbance of
ecosystem
chain balance when
migrations of
organisms
occur.
Noise Pollution
Effects of Noise Pollution
Development and
aggravation of stress
related problems such as
high blood pressure,
coronary disease, ulcers,
depression and
headaches
The Greenhouse Effect
What is
greenhouse
effect?
Phenomenon to increase
the Earth temperature.
Without it the Earth would
be too cold for the survival
of living organisms
The Greenhouse Effect
• Greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, CFCs,
methane, nitrous oxide that contribute by the
combustion of fossil fuels (coal, petroleum and
natural gas) and other human activities such as
increased deforestation and industrial production
• As the concentration of greenhouse gases rises,
the more heat is trapped in the atmosphere and
the Earth temperature is increased. This is
known as global warming; overall rise in the
average temperature of the atmosphere (cause
changes in the global climate)
Carbon Dioxide and
Global Warming
The effects of global warming
Spread of diseases
Occurrence of drought • With warmer climates, pests and
vectors may spread to new areas
• Global warming increases the
• Lead to an expansion of territories
frequency of drought
for vectors, resulting in an increase
• The land becomes dry and infertile
in the outbreaks of diseases
• Lead to a drop in crop yields
Solutions to Global Warming
• Reduce the burning of fossil fuels to
conserve energy
• Develops alternative sources of energy
such as wind, solar and geothermal
energy
• Reduce deforestation for farming
• Replant trees which have been cut down
The Thinning of the Ozone Layer
• The ozone layer is a region in the stratosphere between
17 and 25 kilometres above the Earth surface
• Ozone layer contains high concentrations of ozone
molecules (O3) that absorb UV radiation and shield
organisms from its damaging effect
• The destruction of ozone layer is due to the increasing
levels of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the atmosphere
• CFCs are used as coolants in air conditioners and
refrigerators, as propellants in aerosol cans and as
foaming agents in the making of Styrofoam packaging
• CFCs are a group of chemical compounds that contain
chlorine, fluorine and carbon
Ozone Depletion
Ozone Depletion
protects from
UV rays
Ozone Depletion
Impact of ozone depletion on human
and the ecosystems