DESIGN OF HEATING ELEMENT RECTANGULAR RIBBON

Let E be the voltage of the system and R be the resistance of the element.
Then, Input electrical energy,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Eq. 8.8
If,
r = resistivity of the ribbons material
l = length of ribbon
w = width of the ribbon
t = thickness of the ribbon
Then,
----------------------------------------------------------------Eq. 8.9
Combining eqs. 8.1 and 8.2,
----------------------------------------------------------------------Eq. 8.10
---------------------------------------------------------------------Eq. 8.11
If,
H = heat dissipated per sq. meter of the surface area,
Then,
----------Eq. 8.12
(Neglecting heat lost from 2lt sides.)
At steady temperature,
Input electrical energy = Heat dissipated or transmitted
Then, from eqs. 8.10 and 8.12,
-------------------------------------------------------------------Eq. 8.13
----------------------------------------------------------------------Eq. 8.14
Values of w and l can be obtained from eqs. 8.11 and 8.14