FiniteElementMethodFEM

Lecture1 Introduction

Dr.MohammedAlHazmi

IntroductiontoFiniteElementMethod

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis? Advantages Disadvantages i d Howtoavoidpitfalls History FEMResources

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

What W a is s Finite e Element e e Method e od ( (ANALYSIS)? N S S)?

The FEM is a computer aided mathematical t h i technique f obtaining for bt i i approximate i t numerical i l solutions to the abstract equations of calculus that predict the response of physical systems j to external influences . subjected

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
Eachpointhavean infinitenumberof deformationstate variables,i.e.degreesof freedom(dof) Transformation

Eachpointhavea finitenumberof deformationstate variables(u,v),i.e. degreesoffreedom RealmodelContinuum AnalysismodelDiscrete

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
Divide a continuum with infinitely degrees of freedom in to finite elements with ith a given gi en number of degrees of freedom An element is geometrical defined by y a number of nodes in which the elements are connected. The h directions d a node d can move in is termed degrees of freedom (dof)
Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?

Acoarsemesh, mesh twodimensionalmodelofageartooth. tooth All nodesandelementslieintheplaneofthepaper.

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
Followingconditionsmustalwaysbesatisfied Equilibriumconditions

Compatibilityconditions

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
Constitutiveconditions

Boundary yconditions
Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
oMostFEAsystemsaredisplacement d l b based, d i.e.an approximatedisplacementfieldisestablished u(x,y)=a1+a2x+a3y

oUsing U i adeformation d f i based b dmethod h dyield i ldoneunique i kinematicdeterminedsystemtobedetermined

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
ThedeformationmethodyieldtheFEMcharacteristic systemofequations:
Stiffnessmatrix

[K]{D}={R}
Loadvector Unknowndisplacement p vector

Thissystemofequationsissolvedfor{D}by,e.g. Gaussianelimination

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
Formulationtechniques q todeterminethestiffness matrix[K] Directmethod h d Variational methods,i.e.principleofstationary potential lenergy WeightedResidualmethods,e.g.theGalerkin f formulation l

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

WhatisFiniteElementAnalysis?
Theunknowndisplacements(canbeanyfield variable,e.g. g temperature) p ){ {D} }={ {u1,v1,u2,v2 }T intheelementnodes(nodalvalues)are determinedfrom
Stiffnessmatrix

[K]{D}={R}
Loadvector Unknowndisplacementvector v3 u3

Displacementfieldvariables: In2D:(u,v) In3D:(u,v,w) (u v w)

Dr.MohammedAlHazmiFEM

v1

Ndof=6

v2 u2

u1