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2007 Cornell University BEE453, Professor Ashim Datta Authored by Vineet Rakesh Software: COMSOL Multiphysics 3.

Specifying a Parabolic Inlet Velocity Profile


Let us take the example of the flow of blood through the capillaries. Suppose we want to model a section of a capillary with blood entering on side and flowing out on the other side (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Blood flowing through a capillary At the inlet, the velocity profile of the blood is parabolic as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Velocity profile at the inlet As can be seen from Figure 2, the velocity is given by the following equation.

u z = u max (1

r2 ) R2
at r = R at r = 0

(1)

We see that the velocity is zero at both the walls (substituting r = R) and it is equal to umax at r = 0.

uz = 0

(2) (3)

u z = u max r2 ) 0.5 2

Let us assume that uz is 10 ms-1 and R is 0.5 m. We substitute these values in equation (1).

u z = 10(1
or

u z = 10 40r 2

(4)

We can model this boundary condition in COMSOL using the following steps.

Step 1: Activate the momentum equation


Model Navigator >> Application Modes >> COMSOL Multiphysics >> Fluid Dynamics (Select the convective term option by specifying the coefficient, as described earlier, if you want the solver to solve for convection in the heat transfer or species transfer equations)

Step 2: Specify the Parabolic Inlet velocity Boundary Condition


1) Open the Boundary Settings window: Physics >> Boundary Settings >> Select

Inflow/Outflow Velocity under Boundary Conditions from the drop-down menu for the

Boundary you want to specify the parabolic velocity profile for. 2) Specify the parabolic velocity expression in the appropriate (x or y) velocity field. Here we specify the x-velocity as a parabolic velocity profile. 3) Click on OK.

2007 Cornell University

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