PROSESOR: CONTROL DAN DATAPATH

Oky Dwi Nurhayati, ST, MT email: okydn@undip.ac.id

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Prosesor: Control & Datapath

Computer Processor (active) Control (brain) Datapath (brawn) Memory (passive) (where programs, data live when running) Devices Input

Output

Organisasi Prosesor (Singlebus

Control lines

PC
A((ress lines #e,or* bus Data lines

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

Control )nit

#AR

#DR !

R%

R(n-$
AL) 'ontrol lines A(( Sub

Datapath )nit

AL)
+OR Carr*-in

"

TE#P

E-se-usi instru-si *ang u-urann*a tetap

(o . $/ &R #0PC1 22 3et'h instru-si 4/ PC PC 5 ( 22 Tun6u- -e lo-asi instru-si beri-utn*a 7/ E-se-usi instru-si 8 9hile (:stop

Si-lus E-se-usi &nstru-si

E-se-usi instru-si *ang u-urann*a ber;ariasi

(o . (o . 22 3et'h instru-si &R #0PC1 PC PC 5 ( 8 9hile (:en(-o<-instru'tion E-se-usi instru-si 8 9hile (:stop
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Operasi-operasi Dasar & =a-tu E-se-usi Operasi-operasi Dasar:

#enga,bil (fetching Data (ari #e,ori #en*i,pan (storing Data -e #e,ori Pertu-aran Data Antar-Register Operasi Arit,ati-a & Logi-a (i Datapath

=a-tu E-se-usi
>ate Dela* - =a-tu *ang (ibutuh-an output suatu gerbang logi-a berubah sesuai -on(isi inputn*a Register?s Dela* - =a-tu *ang (ibutuh-an isi register berubah sesuai inputn*a

#enga,bil Data (ari #e,ori &nstru-si:

LD R4@(R$ A R4 #0R$1
A((ress lines Rea( #3C

PC

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

Lang-ah-lang-ah:
#AR R$ Rea( Tunggu sin*al #3C

#AR

Data lines

#DR !

R$

22 #3C B #e,or* 3un'tion Co,plete( 22 Pa(a saat #3C a-ti<: A(( 22 #DR #0#AR1

R4

R4 #DR

Sub

AL)
+OR Carr*-in

"

TE#P

#en*i,pan Data -e #e,ori &nstru-si:

ST (R$ @R4 A #0R$1 R4
A((ress lines =rite #3C

PC

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

Lang-ah-lang-ah:
#AR R$ #DR R4@ =rite Tunggu sin*al #3C

#AR

Data lines

#DR !

R$

22 #3C B #e,or* 3un'tion Co,plete( 22 Pa(a saat #3C a-ti<: A(( 22 #0#AR1 #DR
Sub

R4

AL)
+OR Carr*-in

"

TE#P

Pengen(alian Trans<er Data Dari2Ce Register

Pertu-aran Data Antar-Register: &nput & Output >ating $ bit line o< 'o,,on bus
S E

output: $@ %@ open-'ir'uit D E operasi tulis & ba'a (ila-u-an se'ara bergantian 7-state s9it'h "out ,e,ung-in-an peranti lain ,engguna-an bus

"in

Operasi Tulis
$-bit bus + % $ "in % $ $ E E % $ "out % $ $

Operasi Fa'a
E + $ % output 7-state $ %

Pertu-aran Data Antar-Register

R$in + R$ + R$out

&nstru-si:
#OG RH@R$ A RH R$

Lang-ah-lang-ah:
Enable output o< R$
!ettin" #$out to $ !ettin" #%in to $

RHin + RH + RHout

Enable input o< RH

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Operasi Arit,ati-a (an Logi-a

Riin + Ri + Riout !in + ! + !out A F

&nstru-si:
ADD R$@R4 A R$ R$ 5 R4

Lang-ah-lang-ah:
R$out@ !in R4out@ A((@ "in "out@ R$in

AL)
A(( + " + "out
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"in

=a-tu E-se-usi

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=a-tu E-se-usi: >ate Dela* =hen input % $@ output $ % but NOT instantl*
Output goes $ %: output ;oltage goes <ro, G(( (I; to %;

=hen input $ %@ output % $ but NOT instantl*

Output goes % $: output ;oltage goes <ro, %; to G(( (I;

Goltage (oes not li-e to 'hange instantaneousl*

Voltage 1 => Vdd Vout

In

Out

Vin

0 => GND Time

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=a-tu E-se-usi: Series Conne'tion

Vdd Vin G1 Voltage Vdd Vin Vdd/2 d1 GND Time d2 V1 Vout V1 G2 Vout Vin G1 V1 C1 G2 Vout Cout Vdd

Total Propagation Dela* B Su, o< in(i;i(ual (ela*s B ($ 5 (4 Capa'itan'e C$ has t9o 'o,ponents:
Capa'itan'e o< the 9ire 'onne'ting the t9o gates &nput 'apa'itan'e o< the se'on( in;erter
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=a-tu E-se-usi: Register?s Dela*

Clk D Q #etu$ D Dont Care %o&d Dont Care C&o'!(to() Clk Q n!no"n

Setup Ti,e: &nput ,ust be stable FE3ORE the trigger 'lo'- e(ge Hol( Ti,e: &nput ,ust RE#A&N stable a<ter the trigger 'lo'- e(ge Clo'--to-E ti,e:
Output 'annot 'hange instantaneousl* at the trigger 'lo'- e(ge

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=a-tu E-se-usi
R4out@ A((@ "in
Riin + Ri + Riout !in + ! + !out A F

Turn-on ti,e <or 7-state (ri;er

Trans,ission ti,e

Propagation (ela* through AL)

AL) Setup ti,e

A(( + " + "out
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"in

Hol( ti,e

Lang-ah-lang-ah Penge-se-usian &nstru-si

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Operasi (A&L : Fagian (ari Pertu-aran Data Co,ponen--o,ponen Datapath:

Register: te,pat pen*i,panan (ata AL): te,pat pe,rosesan arit,ati-a & logi-a Fus: penghubung antar-register & antara register-AL)

E-se-usi &nstru-si ,erupa-an -o,binasi pertu-aran (ata antara:

Register Fus Register Register Fus AL) Register Fus #e,ori

Pertu-aran (ata (ila-u-an (engan 'ara ,enga-ti<-an gerbang-gerbang register (engan ,engguna-an sin*al-sin*al -en(ali (PCout@ PCin@ (st/
Selain itu@ 6uga a(a sin*al-sin*al -en(ali *ang berhubungan (engan -o,ponen--o,ponen lain (#e,ori: Rea(@ =riteA AL): A((@ Sub@ Set Carr*-in@ (st/
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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si &nstru-si:

A(( R$@(R7 A R$ R$ 5 #0R71

Lang-ah-lang-ah:
7/ 3et'h instru-si PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in H/ "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin

3et'h operan( J$ (isi lo-asi ,e,ori *g (itun6u- oleh R7 R7out@ #ARin@ Rea( R$out@ !in@ =#3C La-u-an operasi pen6u,lahan #DRout@ A((@ "in Si,pan hasil pen6u,lahan (i R$ "out@ R$in@ En(
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I/ K/

$/ 3et'h PC , MAR * instru-si

out

* *

, Read, Clear Y, Set carry in to A!", Add, #in Control lines #out, PCin, $M%C MDRout, &Rin
in

PC
A((ress lines Data lines

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR %%%%%%%% !

R$

R7
A((

AL)
"

PC5$ Carr*-in TE#P

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4/ 3et'h operan( J$ R' , MAR , Read *

out in

R1out, Yin, $M%C

PCBPC5$
A((ress lines Data lines

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !

R$

R7

AL)
" TE#P

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7/ La-u-an operasi pen6u,lahan

MDRout, Add, #in
&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

PCBPC5$
A((ress lines Data lines

#AR

#DRB#0R71 !BR$

R$

R7
A((

AL)
Carr*-in "in

"

TE#P

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H/ Si,pan hasil pen6u,lahan

* #out, R1in, (nd
&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

PCBPC5$
A((ress lines Data lines

#AR

#DRB#0R71 !BR$

R$

R7

AL)
"BR$5#0R71 TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi LFran'hingM )n'on(itional (&M' (oop

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin PCout@ !in O<<set-<iel(-o<-&Rout@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ En( 22 PC PC 5 O<<set

Con(itional )contoh: *#Ne" (oop+

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin PCout@ !in @ &< NB% then En( O<<set-<iel(-o<-&Rout@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ En(
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22 ta-e the bran'hN 22 PC PC 5 O<<set

LD

R(@+

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: LD R(@+ &nstru-si:

LD R$K@+ A R$K #0+1

Lang-ah-lang-ah:
7/ 3et'h instru-si PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in H/ "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin

3et'h operan( (ari lo-asi ,e,ori *ang (itun6u- oleh + +out@ #ARin@ Rea( =#3C La-u-an operasi AL) Si,pan hasil pen6u,lahan (i R$K #DRout@ R$Kin@ En(
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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: LD R(@+

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin +out@ #ARin@ Rea( =#3C #DRout@ R$Kin@ En(
Data lines A((ress lines Rea( Control lines

PC
PCout

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR
#ARin

#DR %%%%%%%% !

Clear !

R$K
A((

AL)

$
Set

PC5$ Carr*-in "

"in

TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: LD R(@+

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin +out@ #ARin@ Rea( =#3C #DRout@ R$Kin@ En(
Data lines A((ress lines Control lines =#3C

PC
PCin

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !

R$K

AL)
" B PC5$
"out 28

TE#P

Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: LD R(@+

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin +out@ #ARin@ Rea( =#3C #DRout@ R$Kin@ En(
Data lines A((ress lines Control lines

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

&Rin

#AR

#DR
#DRout

! R$K

AL)
" TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: LD R(@+

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin +out@ #ARin@ Rea( =#3C #DRout@ R$Kin@ En(
Data lines A((ress lines Rea( Control lines

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR
#ARin

#DR
+out

! R$K

AL)
" TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: LD R(@+

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin +out@ #ARin@ Rea( =#3C #DRout@ R$Kin@ En(
Data lines A((ress lines Control lines =#3C

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !

R$K

AL)
" TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: LD R(@+

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin +out@ #ARin@ Rea( =#3C #DRout@ R$Kin@ En(
Data lines A((ress lines Control lines

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR
#DRout

! R$K
R$Kin

AL)
" TE#P

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ADD R(@Rs

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: ADD R(@ Rs &nstru-si:

ADD R$K@R$O A R$K R$K 5 R$O

Lang-ah-lang-ah:
7/ 3et'h instru-si PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in H/ I/ K/ "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin

3et'h operan( -e-$ (R$K R$Kout@ !in 3et'h operan( -e-4 (R$O (an La-u-an operasi AL) R$Oout@ A((@ "in Si,pan hasil pen6u,lahan (i R$K "out@ R$Kin@ En(
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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: ADD R(@ Rs

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin R$Kout@ !in R$Oout@ A((@ "in "out@ R$Kin@ En(
A((ress lines Data lines Rea( Control lines

PC
PCout

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR
#ARin

#DR %%%%%%%% !

R$O

Clear !

R$K
A((

AL)

$
Set

PC5$ Carr*-in "

"in

TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: ADD R(@ Rs

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin R$Kout@ !in R$Oout@ A((@ "in "out@ R$Kin@ En(
A((ress lines Data lines Control lines =#3C

PC
PCin

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !

R$O

R$K

AL)
" B PC5$
"out 36

TE#P

Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: ADD R(@ Rs

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin R$Kout@ !in R$Oout@ A((@ "in "out@ R$Kin@ En(
A((ress lines Data lines Control lines

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

&Rin

#AR

#DR
#DRout

R$O

! R$K

AL)
" TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: ADD R(@ Rs

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin R$Kout@ !in R$Oout@ A((@ "in "out@ R$Kin@ En(
A((ress lines Data lines Control lines

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !

R$O

!in

R$K
R$Kout

AL)
" TE#P

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: ADD R(@ Rs

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin R$Kout@ !in R$Oout@ A((@ "in "out@ R$Kin@ En(
A((ress lines Data lines Control lines

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !BR$K

R$O
R$Oout

R$K
A((

AL)
" TE#P

"in

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Tahapan E-se-usi &nstru-si: ADD R(@ Rs

PCout@ #ARin@ Rea(@ Clear !@ Set 'arr*-in to AL)@ A((@ "in "out@ PCin@ =#3C #DRout@ &Rin R$Kout@ !in R$Oout@ A((@ "in "out@ R$Kin@ En(
A((ress lines Data lines Control lines

PC5$

&nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !BR$K

R$O

R$K
R$Kout

AL)
"out

"BR$K5R$O

TE#P

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Pening-atan Ciner6a Prosesor

41

#ultiple-bus: salah satu 'ara pening-atan -iner6a

A F C
&nstru'tion De'o(er &R PC Register 3ile TE#P

Add R1,R2,R' )R1R2*R'

#DR #AR Data lines A((ress lines

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#e,or* Fus

AL)

Fan(ing-an (engan Organisasi Singlebus

PC &nstru'tion De'o(er &R

#AR

#DR !

R$ R4 R7

Add R1,R2,R' )R1R2*R'

AL)
" TE#P

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Feberapa Te-ni- Pening-atan Ciner6a Prosesor Lainn*a Pre-<et'hing: instru-si beri-utn*a (i5$ (i-<et'h pa(a 9a-tu penge-se-usian instru-si (i
Perlu te-ni- LFran'h Pre(i'tionM

Pipelining: e-se-usi instru-si (ipe'ah -e(ala, tahap-tahap *ang (apat (ila-u-an se'ara Lo;erlapM
3et'h &nstru-si De'o(e &nstru-si Fa'a Operan( ((ari register asal La-u-an Operasi Tulis Hasil (-e register tu6uan

On-'hip Ca'he: ,e,per'epat a-ses (ata (ari2-e ,e,ori

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Arsite-tur &ntel PK (Pentiu, Pro

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Arsite-tur SPARCstation4% T& SuperSPARCt, T#S7P%"I% in Sun SPARCstation4%

SuperS'0#1 ,loatin"-point -nit .nte"er -nit (2 3 11 M*u! D#0M 1ontroller M*u! Module

&nst Ca'he

#e/ MM-

Data Ca'he Store *u//er

(4%562 #Fus 'ontrol

#-S A(apter

STD.O
!erial k8d mou!e audio #T1 *oot '#OM ,loppy

S*u!
S*u!
DM0

S1S. 7thernet

*u! .nter/ace

S*u! 1ard!

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