Cells are surrounded by water, and cells themselves consist of about 70% to
95% water. As a result _____.
The Correct Answer:
the temperature of living things
tends to change relatively
slowly
a variety of nutrient molecules are readily
available as dissolved solutes
waste products produced by cell metabolism
can be easily removed
dissolved substances can be easily transported
within a cell or between cells in multicellular
organisms
8. The ability of water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with other water
molecules and water's ability to dissolve substances that have charges or
partial charges are _____.
The Correct Answer: both caused by water's partial charges
10. Adhesion is best described as _____. The Correct Answer: the clinging of
one substance to another substance
11. You can fill a glass of water to just slightly above the rim without it spilling
over the glass. What property of water best explains this phenomenon?
The Correct Answer: surface tension
13. Which example is not an effect of water's high specific heat? The Correct
Answer: Inland regions generally have milder climates than coastal regions.
15. The amount of heat required to convert 1 g of any substance from the liquid
to the gaseous state is defined as _____.
The Correct Answer: the heat of vaporization of that substance
16. The reason that coastal climates are more moderate than inland climates is
due primarily to water's high _____. The Correct Answer: specific heat
17. Sweating has a cooling effect because of water's high _____. The Correct
Answer: heat of vaporization
18. Water molecules have _____ than molecules of similar size, such as
ammonia and methane.
The Correct Answer: a higher boiling point
19. Because molecules of water are farther apart in ice than in liquid water,
_____.
The Correct Answer: ice floats
21. Sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves in water because water molecules _____.
The Correct Answer: are polar
22. Nonpolar molecules that cluster away from water molecules are called
_____ molecules.
The Correct Answer: hydrophobic
24. A molecule that has all nonpolar covalent bonds would be _____.
The Correct Answer: hydrophobic
25. Hydrophobic molecules are _____ water. The Correct Answer: repelled by
26. Some substances, such as oil and gasoline, will not dissolve in water because
_____.
The Correct Answer: their molecules have no charges or partial charges to
which water molecules can adhere
27. An acid is _____.
The Correct Answer: a compound that donates hydrogen ions to a solution
29. A mole of ethyl alcohol weighs 46 g. How many grams of ethyl alcohol are
needed to produce 1 L of a 2-millimolar (2 mM) solution?
The Correct Answer: 0.092 g
35. When the pH of a solution shifts from 7 to 3, how has the hydrogen ion
concentration changed?
The Correct Answer: It has increased by 10,000 times.
38. Which of the following statements does not correctly describe a buffer? The
Correct Answer: None of the above (all the above statements correctly describe
a buffer).