Labor Relations

I. INTRODUCTION
A. Constitution, Art.III, Sec. 8; Art. XIII, Sec. 3.
B. Labor Code, Art. 211, 275, 212 (a,b,c,d), 213-216,226-233,267-268
Executive Order Nos. 126 & 251
Phil. Airlines, Inc. v NLRC, 225 SCRA 301
Manila Electric Co. v. Quisumbing, 326 SCRA 172
C. Common Terms
Labor Code, Art. 212 (e, f, g, h, i, l), Art. 248 (d)
II. RIGHT TO SELF-ORGANIZATION
A. Concept & Scope: Arts. 243, 246, 277 (c), 212 (e, f)
Omnibus Rules, Book V, Rule I-Rule II, as amended by D.o. 40, series of 2003
S.S. Ventures International v. S.S Ventures Labor Union, 559 SCRA 435
B. Special Groups of Employees
1. Managerial & Supervisory Employees: Art. 245, 212 (m); Omnibus Rules, Book
V, Rule I, Sec. 1 (hh), (nn), (xx), as amended by D.O. 40
2. Confidential Employees
Standard Charter, etc. v. Standard Chartered Bank 552 SCRA 284
Pepsi Cola Products v. Secretary of Labor, 312 SCRA 104
3. Security Guards
Manila Electric Co. v. Secretary of Labor & Employment, 197 SCRA 275
4. Members of Cooperatives
Benguet Electric Cooperative v. Ferrer-Calleja, 180 SCRA 740
5. Members of the Iglesia ni Cristo
Victoriano v. Elizald Rope Workers Union, 59 SCRA 54
Kapatiran sa Meat and Canning Division v. Ferrer-Calleja, 162 SCRA 367
6. Government Employees: Art. 244, 276; Executive Order No. 180
Acosta v. CA, G.R. 132088, June 28, 2000
7. Employees of International Organizations
International Catholic Migration Commission v. Ferrer-Calleja, 190 SCRA
130

8. Non-employees Art. 243

Republic Planters Bank v Laguesma, 264 SCRA 637
C.

Acquisition and Retention of Membership: Union Security Agreements: Art. 277

(c), 248 (e)
Liberty Flour Mills Employees v. Liberty Flour Mills, Inc., December 29, 1989
Victoriano v. Elizalde Rope Workers Union, 59 SCRA 54
Santos-Juat v. CIR. 15 SCRA 391
Manila Cordage Co. v. CIR. 78 SCRA 398

III. LABOR ORGANIZATIONS

A. Definition & Types: Art. 212 (g,h); Rule I, Sec (h-p)
Omnibus Rules, Book V, Rule I, Sec. 1 (a,i,l,w,cc,ee,ff,jj,kk,zz,ccc) as
Amended by D.O. 40-03
B. Registration of Unions: Art. 231, 234-240;
Omnibus Rules, Book V, Rule III-V, as amended by D.O. 40-03
Republic Act 9481, effective June 15, 2007.
C. Local Unions and Federations
MSMG-UWP v. Ramos, GR 113907, February 28, 2000
Phil. Skylanders v. NLRC, GR 127374, 31 January 2002
D. Cancellation of Registration; Art. 238-239; Rule VIII
Omnibus Rules, Book V, Rule XIV-XV, as amended by D.O. 40-03
Mariwasa etc. v. Sec. of DOLE 608 SCRA 706
Sta. Lucia etc v Sec of DOLE 596 SCRA 92
E. Rights of Labor Organization: Art. 242, 277 (a)
IV. MEMBERSHIP; RIGHTS OF MEMBERS: Art. 241, 274, 222 (b); Omnibus Rules,
Book V. Rule XL, XII, XIII, XVIII, XX, as amended by D.O. 40-03
A. Governing Law
Oca v. Trajano, 200 SCRA 399
B. Rights and Obligations of Members
Gabriel v. Secretary. GR 115949, March 16, 2000
A. Remedies for Violation of Rights

Diamonon v. DOLE. GR 108951. March 7, 2000

V. UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
A. Concept: Art. 247
B. Unfair Labor Practices of Employers: Art. 248, 261
C. Unfair Labor Practices of Labor Organizations: Art. 249
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VI. COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND ADMINISTRATION OF AGREEMENT

A. Duty to Bargain Collectively: Art. 250-254, 231
Omnibus Rules. Book V. Rule I. Sec. 1 (d,h,i,t, bbb), Rules XVI-XVII, as
amended by D.O. 40-03
Lakas ng Manggagawang Makabayan v. Marcelo Enterprises. 118 SCRA
425 National Union of Restaurant Workers (PTUC) V. C1R,. 10 SCRA.
843 Liberty Flour Mills Employees Association v. Liberty Flour Mills. 180
SCRA
668
Colegio de San Juan de Letran v. Association of Employees and Faculty
of Letran. 340 SCRA 587
San Miguel Corporation Employees Union-PTGWO v. Confesor. 262 SCRA
81 Manila Electric Co. v. Ouisumbing. 302 SCRA 173
Manila Electric Co. v. Quisumbing. GR 127598. February 22 & August 1.
2000 New Pacific Timber v. NLRC. 328 SCRA 404
Mindanao Terminal and Brokerage Service. Inc. v. Confesor. 272 SCRA
161 Samahana Manggagawa sa Ton Form v. NLRC. 295 SCRA 171
Rivera v. Espiritu, 374 SCRA 351
B. Jurisdictional Requirements
Kiok Loy v. NLRC. 141 SCRA 179
ALU v. Ferrer-Calleia. 173 SCRA
178
C. Bargaining Unit: Omnibus Rules. Book V. Rule I. Sec. 1 (d. t). as amended
by D.O. 40-03
San Miguel Corp. v. Laguesma, 236 SCRA 595
University of the Philippines v. Ferrer-Calleia. 211 SCRA 451
Golden Farms v. Secretary. 234 SCRA 517
Mechanical Department Labor Union sa PNR v. CIR. 24 SCRA 925
Philtranco Services Enterprises v. BLR, 174 SCRA 388
Philippine Scout Veterans Security and Investigation Agency v. Secretary.
224 SCRA 682
International School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing. GR 123619,June 8,2000
De La Salle V. De La Salle University Employees' Association. 330 SCRA 363
D. Bargaining Agent and Certification Election Proceedings: Art. 255-259:
Omnibus Rules. Book V. Rule I. Sec. 1 (d,h,i,o,v, a,t,ll,ss, bbb), Rules VI-X. as
amended by D.O. 40-03
E. Bars to Certification Election: Art. 232:
Omnibus Rules, Book V. Rule VIII, Sec. 14-15, Rule XVII, Secs. 7, as amended by
D.O. 40
F. Administration of Agreement: Grievance and Voluntary Arbitration: Arts. 212 (n).
260-262 (b). 277 (f,g,h) Omnibus Rules. Book V. Rule XIX, XXI. as amended by
D.O. 40-03
F. Labor-Management Cooperation Schemes: Arts. 277 (10: Rules. Book V.
Rule XXI
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VII. STRIKES, LOCKOUTS AND CONCERTED ACTIONS

A. Concerted Actions
Republic Savings Bank v. C[R. 21 SCRA 226
Ilaw at Buklod ng Manggagawa v. San Miguel Corporation. 198 SCRA 586
B. Strikes: Arts. 212 (o-s), 263-266: Rules. Book V. Rule XXII. as amended by
D.O. 40-03
1. Concept and Scope
Interphil Laboratories Employees Union-FFW v. Interphil. 372 SCRA 658
2. Requisites for a valid strike
NFSW v. Ovejera, 114 SCRA 354
Lapanday Workers Union v, NLRC, 248 SCRA 96
First City Interlink Transportation Co., Inc. v. Confesor, 272 SCRA 124
Tiu v. NLRC. Aug. 18, 1997
NUWHRAIN (Interim Junta) v. NLRC, 287 SCRA 192
Philippine Inter-Fashion, Inc. v. NLRC. 117 SCRA 659
2. Injunction: Art. 254
Samahang Manggagawa ng Liberty Commercial v. Pimentel. 156 SCRA
138
MSF Tire & Rubber v. CA, August 5, 1999
Deltaventures v. Cabato, GR 118216, March 9, 2000
3. Assumption of Jurisdiction; Return-to-Work Order
Philtread Workers Union v. Confesor, 269 SCRA 393
PSBA v. Noriel, 164 SCRA 402
St. Scholastica's College v. Torres, 210 SCRA 565
Sarmiento v. Tuico, 162 SCRA 676
Reformist Union of R & B Liner v. NLRC, 266 SCRA 713
Consolidated Labor Association of the Philippines v. Marsman & Co., Inc. 11
SCRA 589
Cromwell Commercial Employees and Laborer's Union-PTUC v. CIR. 12
SCRA 124
2. Consequences of Strike
Telefunken v. CA. 348 SCRA 565
Association of Independent Unions v. NLRC, 305 SCRA 219
VIII. POST-EMPLOYMENT
A. Classes of Employees: Arts, 278. 280-281; Rules, Book VI, Secs. 576
1. Regular Employees, Project Employees, Term Employees,
Seasonal Employees, Probationary Employees and C a s u a l
Employees
B. Security of Tenure: Arts. 277 (b). 279. 282-287: Rules, Book VI, Sees. 2, 5, 6, Book
V. Rule XXIII
1. Just Causes
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(a) Grounds

Serious misconduct
Autobus Workers' Union v. NLRC. 291 SCRA 219
Samson v. NLRC. GR 121035, April 12, 2000
Willful disobedience
Cosep v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 704
Escobin v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 48
Lagatic v. NLRC. 285 SCRA 251
Negligence; Abandonment
PAL V. NLRC. 194 SCRA 139
Judy Philippines v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 755
NASUREFCO v. NLRC, 286 SCRA 478
Del Monte Phils v. NLRC. 287 SCRA 71
VH Manufacturinv. NLRC. GR 130957. January 19, 2000
Jo v. NLRC, GR 121605. 324 SCRA 437
Metro Transit v. NLRC. 307 SCRA 747
Icawat v. NLRC. GR133573. June 20, 2000
Fraud / Breach of Trust / Loss of confidence
Farrol v. CA. OR 133259. February 10. 2000
Deles v. NLRC. OR 121348. March 9. 2000
Dela Cruz v. NLRC. 268 SCRA 458
Gonzales v. NLRC. March 26. 2001
SulDicio Lines v. Guide. OR 149930. February 22, 2002
National Bookstore v. CA. OR 146741. February 27, 2002
Immorality: Sexual Harrasment
Santos v. NLRC, 287 SCRA 117
Libres v. NLRC, May 28. 1999
Crime or offense
Starlite Plastic industrial Corp. v. NLRC. 171 SCRA. 315
Union Security Clause
MSMG-UWP v. Ramos. GR 113907. February 28. 2000
(b) Procedure in termination
Salaw v. NLRC. 202 SCRA 7
Wenphil Corp. v. NLRC. 170 SCRA 69
China City Restaurant Corp. v. NLRC., 217 SCRA 443
Farrol v. CA. GR 133259, February 10, 2000
(c) Disproportionate penalty
PAL v. PALEA, 57 SCRA 489
ALU-TUCP V. NLRC. 302 SCRA 708
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(d) Constructive dismissal

JAM Transport v. Flores, 220 SCRA 114
Philippine Japan Active Carbon Corporation V. NLRC, 171 SCRA164

Singa Ship Management Phils. v. NLRC. 288 SCRA 692 Leonardo

v. NLRC. GR 125303. 126937. June 16. 2000
Zafra v. CA. GR 139013. September 17. 2002
(e) Preventive suspension
Manila Doctors Hospital v. NLRC. 135 SCRA 262
PAL v. NLRC. 292 SCRA. 40
2. Authorized Causes
(a)Grounds
Installation of labor-saving device
Philippine Sheet Metal Workers Union v. CIR. 46 OG 5462
Redundancy
Wiltshire File Co. v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 665
Caltex v. NLRC, G.R. No. 159641, October 15, 2007.
Retrenchment
Asiaworld Publishing House v. Ople. 152 SCRA 219
Almoite v. Pacific Architects. 142 SCRA 623
Lopez Sugar Corp. v. FFW, 189 SCRA 179
Anino v. NLRC. 290 SCRA 489
International Hardware. Inc. V. NLRC. 176 SCRA 256
Agro Commercial Services Agency v. NLRC. 175 SCRA
790
Edge Apparel v. NLRC. 286 SCRA 302
Somerville Stainless Steel Corm v. NLRC. 287 SCRA 420
Phil. Tuberculosis Society v. NLU & NLRC, 294 SCRA 567
Asian Alcohol v. NLRC. 305 SCRA 416
Closure
UFW v. NLRC. 207 SCRA 435
Carmelcrafl Corn. V. NI,RC. 186 SCRA 393
Del Mar Domestic Enterprises v. NLRC. 282 SCRA 602
Sundowner Development Corp. v. Drilon. 180 SCRA 14
MDD Supervisors & Confidential Employees Ass. v. Presidential
Assistant for Legal Affairs. 79 SCRA 40
Marina Port Services v. Iniego. 181 SCRA 304
Filport v. NLRC, 200 SCRA 773
Philippine Tobacco Flue-Curing & Redrying Corp v. NLRC.
300 SCRA 37
Valdez v. NLRC. 286 SCRA 87
Sentinel Security Agency v. NLRC. 295 SCRA. 123
Cheniver Deco v. NLRC. GR 122876. February 17. 2000
6

NFL v. NLRC. GR 127718. March 2, 2000

De Leon v. NLRC. May 30, 2001
(a) Procedure for termination
Sebuguero v. NLRC. 248 SCRA 532
3. Consequences of dismissal
(a) With cause
Philippine National Construction Corp. v. NLRC 170 SCRA 207
PLDT v. NLRC. 164 SCRA 671
(b) Without cause Reinstatement
Pedroso v. Castro. 141 SCRA 252
Anscor Transport V. NLRC, 190 SCRA 147
Globe Mackay Cable & Wire Corm v. NLRC. 206 SCRA. 701
Quijano v. Mercury Drug Corporation. 292 SCRA 109
Capili v. NLRC, 270 SCRA 488
Buenviaje v. CA. GR 147806, November 12, 2002
Filflex Industrial & Manufacturing Corp. v. NLRC. Feb. 12. 1998
Philippine Tobacco Flue-Curing & Redrying Corp. v. NLRC.
300 SCRA 37
Without loss of seniority or other rights
Grolier International Inc. v. Executive Labor Arbiter. 177 SCRA 196
Backwages
Paramount Vinyl Products Cora v. NLRC. 190 SCRA 525
Mariners Polytechnic School v. Leogardo, 171 SCRA 597
Lantion v. NLRC. 181 SCRA 513
Pizza Inn v. NLRC. 162 SCRA 773
Bustamante v. NLRC, 265 SCRA 61
Buhain v. CA. GR 143709. July 2, 2002
Wenphil Corp. v. NLRC, 170 SCRA 69
Serrano v. NLRC. GR 117040, January 27. 2000 & May 4, 2000
PNCC v. NLRC. 286 SCRA 329
D ela Cruz v. NLRC. November 20. 1998
Equitable Banking Corp. v. NLRC. June 13. 1997
Millares v. NLRC, 305 SCRA 500
Fernandez v. NLRC. 289 SCRA 433
Damages
Lim v. NLRC. 171 SCRA 328
Estiya v. NLRC. 225 SCRA 169
Quijano v. Mercury Drug, 292 SCRA 109
Phil. Aeolus v. NLRC. OR 124617. April 28, 2000
Liability for monetary claims
Reahs' Corp. v. NLRC. 271 SCRA 247
Pabalan v. NLRC. 184 SCRA 495
Asionics Phils. v. NLRC. 290 SCRA 164

4. Disease
Cebu Royalty Plant v. Deputy Minister. 153 SCRA 38
Tan v. NLRC, 271 SCRA 216
5. Retirement
6. R.A. 7641 and its implementing rules
PSVSIA v. NLRC. 271 SCRA 209
Aquino v. NLRC. 206 SCRA 118
Producers Bank v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 517
Capili v. NLRC, 273 SCRA 576
Progressive Development Corporation v. NLRC. GR 138826, October 30,
2000
PAL v. ALPAP. GR 143686. January 15. 2002
4. Resignation
Metro Transit Organization v. NLRC. 284 SCRA 308
Philippines Today. Inc. v. NLRC. 267 SCRA 202
Alfaro v. CA. August 28 2001
IX. DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
Labor Code: Arts. 128-129. 213-226. 254, 260-262-B. 263 (g-i) 273-275. 277
(b). 290-292
Executive Order No. 126 & 251
Jurisdiction: Procedure
Lavanday Agricultural Development Corp. v. CA, GR 112139. January 31.
2000 Abbot Laboratories v. Abbot Laboratories Employees Union. GR
131374. January 26. 2000
Deltaventures v. Cabato. GR 118216. March 9. 2000
Baez v. Valdevilla. GR 128024. May 9, 2000
NDC-Guthrie Plantations. Inc. V. NLRC. August 9.2001
Nova v. Judge Dames. March 28. 2001
Procedure
Alemar's Sibal & Sons v. NLRC. OR 114761. January 19. 2000
Diamonon v. DOLE. OR 108951. March 7. 2000
Asuncion v. NLRC. July 31. 2001
Food Terminal, Inc. v. NLRC. April 27. 2001
Curaza v. NLRC. March 15, 2001
Appeal: Judicial Review
PNCC v. NLRC. 292 SCRA 266
UERM-Memorial Medical Center v. NLRC. 269 SCRA 70
Biogenerics Marketing v. NLRC. Sept 8, 1999
Execution
Tag Fibers. Inc. v. NLRC. OR 120931. October 20. 2000
Yupangco Cotton Mills v. CA. OR 126322. January 16, 2002
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Injunction
Deltaventures v. Cabato, GR 118216. March 9. 2000
Prescription
Laureano v. CA. OR 114776. February 2. 2000
Quitclaims: Compromise Agreements
Golden Donuts v. NLRC. OR 113666-68. January 19, 2000
Philippine Carpet Employees Association v. Philippine Carpet
Manufacturing Corp. GR 140269-70. September 14, 2000