LAYERS ON AIR INTERFACE

Layered model according to International Standards Organization with open system

interconnection A Layer is a logical block in a communication entity ( MS or BTS or Switch) that has certain functions , tasks, or assignments. It has its own tools for executing its tasks. These tools consists of protocols that allow the layer to contact and communicate with its peer layer. The protocol used by two peer layers to communicate with each other is called peer to peer protocol.

LAYER FUNCTIONALITY
ENTITY A(MS)
INFORMATION
LAYER N-1

ENTITY B(BTS)
INFORMATION

LAYER N

TASKS TOOLS PROTOCOLS

TASKS TOOLS PROTOCOLS

PEER TO PEER PROTOCOL

LAYER N+1

INFORMATION

INFORMATION

PHYSICAL LAYER 1

MODULATION POWER CONTROL CODING INTERLEAVING

ALL THIS IS DONE TO SEND INFORMATION ON THE AIR INTERFACE. SO INFORMATION FROM LAYER 2 ( WHICH IN TURN TAKES FROM LAYER 3) IS GIVEN TO LAYER 1, WHICH AFETR DOING ALL ABOVE SENDS ITS ON THE AIR.

20 OCTETS FROM LAYER3

3 OCTETS FROM LAYER2

SIGNALING INFORMATION 184 BITS

LAYER 1
CONVOLUTIONSL CODING, INTERLEAVING IN TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING, MODULATING

DATA LINK LAYER 2 LAPDm

PROTOCOL USED BETWEEN A MOBILE STATION AND BTS IS LINK ACCESS PROCEDURE FOR MOBILE D OR CONTROL. THE LETTER D IS FROM ISDN NOMNICLATURE.

TASKS :
ORGANISATION OF LAYER 3 INFORMATIONINTO FRAMES PEER TO PEER TRANSMISSION OF SIGNALING DATA IN DEFINED FRAME FORMATS ESTABLISHMENT =, MAINTENANCE AND TERMINATION OF ONE OR MORE DATA LINKS ON SIGNALING CHANNELS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF NUMBERED INFORMATION FRAMES (I-FRAMES) UNKNOWLEDGED TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF UNNUMBERED INFORMATION FRAMES (UI FRAMES)

LAPDm FRAME FORMATS

OCTETS BIT NUMBER

ADDRESS FIELD CONTROL FIELD LENGTH INDICATOR FILL BITS

FRAME FORMAT A FRAME FORMAT B FRAME FORMAT Abis FRAME FORMAT Bbis

FRAME FORMAT IS USED WHEN NO REAL LATER3 INFORMATION IS TO BE TRANSMITTED. TO MAINTAIN THE CHANNEL ACTIVE WHEN THERE IS NO SIGNALING TO SEND& TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE FRAME FROM ITS PEER LAYER

FRAME FORMAT A

LAPDm FORAME FORMATS

OCTETS IN CASE WHEN REAL INFORMATION HAS TO BE TRANSFERRED, FRAME FORMAT B IS USED. SUCH A FRAME IS CALLED AN I FRAME.THE MODE IN WHICH I FRAMES ARE EXCHANGED IS CALLED ACKNOWLEDGED MODE AND THE PROCECDURE IS CALLED MULTIPLE FRAME OPERATION.

ADDRESS FIELD CONTROL FIELD LENGTH INDICATOR INFORMATION FIELD FILL BITS

ACKNOWLEDGED MODE IS FOR FLAW LESS TRANSPORT OF IMPORTANT INFO BLOCKS. IF A FRAME WAS SENT BUT LOST IN THE TRANSMISSION OR THE RECEIVER WAS NOT READY FAR A NEW FRAME THEN TO SORT THE PROBLEM SUPERVISORY FRAME IS USED WHICH IS IN A FORMAT.

FRAME FORMAT B

LAPDm FRAME FORMAT

OCTETS
OCTETS

ADDRESS FIELD LENGTH INDICATOR FILL BITS

ADDRESS FIELD LENGTH INDICATOR INFORMATION FIELD FILL BITS

FRAME FORMAT Abis FRAME FORMAT Bbis

SIMILAR TO A AND B FORMATS BUT USED FOR UNACKNOWEDGED MODE OF SIGNALING DATA TRANFER. ( LESS IMPORTANT INFO) BCCH INFO & PERIODIC REPORT BY MS

LAPDm FRAME FORMAT

SO LAYER 2 USES THE FOUR DIFFERENT FRAME FORMATS TO
EXVHANGE LAYER3 INFORMATION SUPERVISORY MESSAGES THE LAYER2 ITSELF MUST EXCHANGE TO MAKE SURE THE LAYER 3 MESSAGE ARRIVAL AT THEIR DESTINATION

TO DO THIS RELIABLY , IT NEEDS MECHANISM AND PARAMETERS CONTAINED IN THE FIELDS OF THESE FRAMES.

FIELDS OF FRAMES IN LAYER 2

ADDRESS FIELD LPD 0 0 SAPI 0 0 0 FOR LAYER 3SIGNALLING C/R 1 MEANS COMMAND FOR BTS AND RESPONSE FOR MS AND VICA VERSA E/A 1 IF ONLY 1 OCTET FOR ADDRESS FIELD

CONTROL FIELD
TELLS THE TYPE OF FRAME. IFRAME , S FRAME & U FRAME I FRAMES - WHEN TRANSMITTING INFORMATION FRAMES AND ALL THESE WILL BE IN A OR B FORMATS

S FRAMES - FOR SUPERVISORY FRAMES RECEIVE READY: RR FRAME RECEIVE NOT READY : RNR FRAME REJECT: REJ FRAME

AN I FRAME CAN BE ACKNOWLEDGED FROM AN I FRAME IN B FORMAT ( AS BTS IN EXAMPLE IS DOING) OR AN RR FRAME IN A FORMAT ( AS MS IN EXAMPLE IS DOING)

U FRAME SABM B FORMAT DISC A FORMAT UA B FORMAT UI A FORMAT FOR FILL FRAME WHEN NO MESSAGES ARE TO BE SENT AND TO MAINTAIN THE CHANNEL ACTIVE DM A FORMAT , LINK LAYER 2 NOT ACTIVE

N(S) N(R) UA

N(S) N(R)

00 00
01 00 01 01 02 01 REJ REPEAT ERROR

00 00
00 01 01 01 01 01

01 02
02 02 02 03

02 01
02 02 03 02

DISC

UA