Mole Day Project

The first National Mole Day was held in 1991 on October 23. The mole is defined as the number of atoms of carbon-12 that are found in a 12 gram sam le. !o" there are #.$2 % 1$23 atoms of carbon in 12 grams of carbon. This is a henomenally large number. &hen written out it is #$2" $$$" $$$" $$$" $$$" $$$" $$$" $$$. 'O&()* Mole Day is designed to hel eo le understand more about the chemical mole +not to be confused with the animal mole., Of course" guess what the National Mole Day -oundation chose as its mascot. 'ou guessed it / see the cute chemist mole abo0e. 1n re aration of a Mole Day celebration at M2!" you will com lete two of the following ro3ects. 4ach ro3ect includes some writing on a 3%5 inch inde% card. 'our ro3ect is due on Feburary 6 at 7:30 am. )s6 your teacher for the e%act date. Be sure to write your name & period on your project as well as the index card. Part 1: Choose 1 from this section: Make a Fabric Mole / Ma6e a cute" fabric mole mascot* 7se the attern ro0ided. 8e creati0e / include at least 3 clues about the true meaning of a chemical mole. 7sing a ermanent mar6er" write your name and eriod on your mole. 1nde% card includes your name" class eriod" your mole mascot9s name" and your 3 clues. Make Homemade Mole Day Treats / Ma6e a treat to be shared with the class that has some connection to Mole Day. MO:4asses coo6ies" guacaMO:4 di " etc. / of course" you will be much more creati0e* 8ring the treat ; any necessary ser0ing items to class by <=3$ am on the due date. 1nde% card includes your name" class eriod" a written reci e for your treat with the measurements gi0en in both 4nglish ; metric units and an e% lanation of your treat9s connection to Mole Day. Make a l!mole!ium scul"ture: Ma6e a Mole Day or chemistry related scul ture out of aluminum foil and bring it in to be massed. >on0ert the mass to moles of aluminum. Needs to be at least 2$cm % ? cm. 1nde% card includes your name" class eriod" con0ersion from mass to moles of )luminum and an e% lanation of your scul ture9s connection to Mole Day or chemistry. Make a mole #ame: >reate a Mole Day or chemistry related game. The game must be able to be layed in the chemistry classroom. )ll ieces and necessary e@ui ment to lay must be ro0ided. >lear sim le directions need to be ty ed and included with the game. 8ring game the day before mole day to set it u and e% lain how it wor6s so it can be layed on Mole Day. 1nde% card includes your name" class eriod and an e% lanation of your scul ture9s connection to Mole Day or chemistry. Part $: Choose 1 from this section: Facebook or Twitter Pa#e for :orenAo Bomano )madeo >arlo )0ogadro with at least 2$ entries. Mole %rochure: 1nformational am hlet +double sided tri-fold, Mole P& = Cideo of yourself informing the ublic about moles +)bout 2 mins, Mole son#'"oem: &rite your own mole song or oem +!ongs need to be recorded and submitted, ll "art $ "rojects need to answer the followin# (uestions: &ho disco0ered the mole. &hat is a mole. &hat is the numeric 0alue of a mole. 2ow do you find the weight of a mole. &hen was it disco0ered. 2ow does a chemist use a mole. &hat is the ur ose of a mole. Ha)e another idea* sk your teacher and #et it a""ro)ed by +anuary $,th8efore starting your ro3ect" lease read the following bac6ground information on )madeo )0ogadro*

)madeo )0ogadro
+Dune 9" 1<<# / Duly 9" 1?5#, 1" :orenAo Bomano )madeo >arlo )0ogadro" conte di Euaregan e di >erreto" was born on Dune 9" 1<<# in Turin" 1taly. My arents were >ount -ili o )0ogadro and )nna Maria Cercellone. -ollowing in my father9s footste s" 1 began my career as a lawyer in 1<9# and racticed for three years. 1 married -elicita MaAAe and we had si% children. 1 became interested in math and science and began ta6ing ri0ate lessons. The )cademy of Turin hired me as a demonstrator in 1?$#. This led to becoming a rofessor at the >ollege of Cercelli in 1?$9" first in natural hiloso hy and later in mathematical hysics. 1 combined hysics and chemistry to e% erimentally test my ideas about mathematics. During my lifetime" 1 was considered to be a oor e% erimenter but 1 was more concerned about ideas than data. !ince 1 was not a rominent chemist" 1 submitted my wor6 to be ublished in lesser 6nown 3ournals. 1t created little interest in the scientific community. My greatest accom lishment was my hy othesis that statesF at a fixed temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain the same number of molecules. This later was acce ted as 0alid by the greater scientific community by becoming )0ogadro9s :aw. My hy othesis was based on the wor6 of Dose h Gay-:ussac. 2e found that gases e% and when their tem erature increases. )lso" he distinguished between atoms and molecules. 8oth of these ideas were the foundation of my ideas. 1 thought Gay-:ussac9s findings were 0alid e0en though Dohn Dalton +founder of atomic theory, did not acce t his ideas. 1 wrote about an elemenetary molecule and two other ty es of molecules which were made of two or more atoms. 1 was one of the first to thin6 in terms of atoms and molecules e0en though 1 didn9t use the term HatomI. These ideas were ublished in 1?11 in the Journal de physique. )t my death" 1 did not 6now how many articles were in a mole although 1 6new it was a fi%ed amount. )fter my death" many scientists tried to figure out the e%act number. Bobert 8rown was the first to gi0e an a ro%imate 0alue in 1?2<. My colleague" !tanislao >anniAAarro" used my hy othesis to set u relati0e atomic weights based on 1J1# the atomic weight of o%ygen. +Today we use weights based on 1J12 the atomic weight of carbon., 1n 1?#$" he made this resentation at the Karlsruhe >onference. This lead to rogressi0ely more accurate a ro%imations as more scientists became interested in my original ideas. !tarting in 195?" te%tboo6s stated that )0ogadro9s number was #.$2 % 1$ 23. Today" a few more decimal laces ha0e been added to the number. 40en though 1 ne0er 6new the actual number" scientists named it after me. )0ogadro9s number is so large that many analogies ha0e been used to attem t to gi0e the ublic a better idea of the enormity of the number of articles in one mole. -or e%am le" one mole ofF 1, 12 oA soda cans Hwould co0er the surface of the earth to a de th of o0er 2$$ milesI +>hris Dohnson, 2, o corn 6ernels +un o ed, Hs read across the 7nited !tates of )merica" the country would be co0ered in o corn to a de th of 9 milesI. +>hris Dohnson, My tombstone shall include this inscri tion HOne great number made a manI. 40en though 1 did not calculate #.$2 % 1$23" it was based on my original idea. One number made me" a humble hysics rofessor" a lace in scientific history.