Hm-a-I-fpsS Xocv

sI.- D-a- au-e-hn-

Hm-a-I-fpsS Xocv

DA'WA BOOKS
Salafi Cultural Complex, Vyttila, Cochin-19

DA'WA BOOKS
Malayalam | Biography | Ormakalude Theerath

HmaI-fpsS Xocv
By: K. Umar Maulavi
Compiled By: A. A Hameed, K. Mubarak
First Edition: December 2002
Second Edition: August 2009

Price: Rs 250.00

Publishers | Distribution:
Da'wa Books | Salafi Cultural Complex | Vyttila | Kochi-19 | Kerala | India
www.dawabooks.org | Email: dawabook@gmail.com
Cover: Yoonus | Type Setting: Yoonus | Printing: Screen Offset, Kochi-18
ISBN: 978-81-908634-4-5
52/1

2000
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means
without the prior written permission of the publishers.

08/09

XuloZn{]t_m-[\
-
- n-\mbn PohnXw ka]n Hcp alZv hynXz-am-bn-cpp sI.-D-a auehn bptSXv. "Bsf t\mt; sXfnhv t\mpI' F Xs {]Jym-]nX ssien-bn Ckvem-anI
hncp BZi-sf Atlw t\cn-Sp-Ibpw ISp `mj-bnep
hnai-\-v t]mepw Xs "kk-_oen' CSw \Ip-Ibpw am\y-ambn {]Xn-Ic
- n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp: aX-{]-t_m-[\
- c
- w-Kv
XnIpw ]pXp-a-bpXmbn-cpp Cu ssien.
BZi Imcy--fn Imiyw ]pep-tm-gpw tbmPn-phcpw hntbm-Pn-p-h
- cpw At-l
- ns kplr-p-f
- mbn amdn.
km[m-c-W-m-cpsS a\--n-se--t]mse Xs kuZn Atd-_ybnse {Km v ap^vXnbpw aX-{]-t_m-[\-h-Ipv Xe-h-\p-am-bn-cp
ssiJv C_v\p _mkns\tmep temI-{]-ikvX ]n-X-mcpsS kZ-nepw "ssiJv Da AlvaZv asse_mcn' Fv Ad_v
tem-Iv Adn-b-s Atlw BZ-cn--s-p.
2000 s^{_p-hcn 24 \v Da auehn dns hnfnv Dcw \In
Cu temIv \nv bm{X-bm-b-tm tIc-f-apkvenw \thm-m\ns ap-Wn-tm-cm-fn-bm-bn-cp Hcp ]n-X-s\bmWv \apv
\jvS-am-b-Xv. Da auehnsb tIc-fob kaqlw AwKo-I-cn--Xn\v
sXfn-hm-bn-cpp Atlns ac-W
- n ZpxJw tcJ-s-Spnsmp-- ]nt Znh-ks amXr-`qan Zn\-]-{X-ns apJ{]kwKw.
hnm\ {]Z-amb \nc-h[n cN-\-I hntv sImmWv Daauehn bm{X-bm-bX
- v. At-l
- ns Jp-B XPp-abpw av \nch[n {K-fpw Bbn-c
- W
-
- n\v teJ-\
- fpw ae-bm-fn-It- fmSv
Ctmgpw kwh-Zn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. "em C-eml C-mlv' FXn\v Atlw \Inb hni-Zo-Ic
- Ww ssiJv C_v\p_mkv Xs
^Xm-hb
- n FSppcn-n-pv; AXp-hgn temIw apgp-h Atl-ns ktiw hmbn--s-Sp-p.
Pohn-X-ns Ah-km\ \mfp-I-fn Xs kplrpw injy\pam-bn-cp sImn-bnse F.-F. laoZv kmln_n \pw kz]p-{X
ap_m-d
- n\pw apw ]dp sImSp Xs Hma-p-dn-p-If
- mWv
"Hma-If
- psS Xocv' F t]cn kam-lc
- n-s
- -X
- .v Da auehn
bpsS Bdv ]Xn-m-p-I-fpsS kw`-h-_-lp-e-amb BZi-Po-hn-

X-nse Ibv]pw a[p-chpw CS-Ie

- kvac-WI
- f
- m-WnXv. tIcf-apkvenw Ncn-{X-n\vhn-injym- \thm-m\ Ncn-{X-n\v Cu
IrXn Hcp apXq-m-bn-cnpw Fv Xo-bm-W.v BZi-{]t_m
-[-\-cw-Ks khn-tij hyn-Xz-am-bn-cp Da aue-hn bpsS
BZi-Po-hnXw C\nbpw hm-bn--s-tS--Xp-v.
At-l
- ns kplr-p-f
- p-sSbpw _p-f
- p-sSbpw kl{]h-I-cp-sSbpw kvac-W-I C-cw-hm-b-\sb k--am-phm t]m-Xm-Wv. Da aue-hn bpsS ssienbpw kt-ihpw
am{X-a At-l
- ns {]t_m-[\
- I
- m-es tIc-fobkaq-lns Ncn-{Xhpw a\-kn-em-p-hm "Hma-I-fpsS Xocn'eqsSbp bm{X hgn km[n-pw. ]pkvX-I-ns ]p\x-{]-km-[-\-n\v
"ZAvhm _pIvkn's\ t{]cn-n-p {][m-\s
- LSIw AXmWv.
tIc-fob kaq-l
- n ke^o Nn-bpsS kzm[o\w hgn Dmb
]cn-h-\s-p-dnv Adnhp \Ip {K-f
- psS ]cn-anXn
Cu ]p\x-{]-km-[\
- s IqSp-X {]k-a
- m-p-Ibpw sNp-p.
CXns ]nn {]hn apgp-h-\m-fp-Ipw Amlp Al-amb {]Xn-^ew \Is. \mYm... \o CsXmcp {]Xn-^-emlamb {]h-\ambn kzoI-cn-t-W-ta...(Bao)
amt\P

Xm-fp-I-fn-

cmw ]Xn-ns ap-J-hp-c-

13

1. Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

15

2. I ^Xvh-I!

49

3. hw auehn

52

4. auenZv tbmK-n

55

5. Xncq-c-mSn

64

6. Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm\

70

7. Fs {]nb-s F.hn.

77

8. koXn-km-ln_v

79

9. sP.Un.nsb hnSpp

81

10. Fw.sI. lmPnbpw apkvenweoKpw

87

11. auem\m Nmen-e-Iv

93

12. ae-_m elf

99

13. Hcp ]mem-b-\hpw kap-Zm-bhpw

102

14. ]Xnbpw ss^knbpw

106

15. hopw hwauehn

109

16. sFIykwLw

111

17. hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw

116

18. sImSn-b-q hmZ-{]-Zn-hmZw

124

19. ]q\q hmZ{]Xn-hmZw

130

20. tImgn-tmSv ]m-f-n

134

21. aue-hnbpw kmln_pw

140

22. hn`-P-\-hmZw

147

23. tJZ-apv ]t....

149

24. s]cp-m shn-bmgvN

155

25. Xdm-holpw Rm\pw

168

26. ]mfbw aplvbn-o ]n

170

27. Jeo^ ]n

174

28. Jp-B XPa

178

29. XncqmSv \nv Htcm

193

30. c-m-Wn-bn \nsmcp im K\w!

203

31. Hcp Jmfn IY

211

32. Akvlcn Xfpw In-bv t\bpw

215

33. sI.sI.Fw. Pam-ep-o auehn

219

34. Xr-\n

223

35. kpDu-Zn-bn-tev

226

36. A_vZp--d-Du^v asse-_mcn

233

37. B{^n- dmo_v

242

38. ssiJv A_vZp Akokv_v\p A_vZp-m-ln_v\p _mkv

243

39. Hcp Iena sNm

260

40. ssiJv A_vZp-mlv Da \kzo^v

267

41. Ipfn-tc-Ip ]T-\-Imew

272

42. Fs kk-_o

278

43. kn.F. aue-hnbpw Rm\pw

324

44. sImn Hcp hgn-n-cnhv

348

45. Jp\qv

370

46. CuZvKm-ln\v thn

377

47. hcn-kw-Jy-bn-msX

385

48. Zmdp C^vXm-Cse \nb-a\w

397

49. ]Sn-msd]nbpw ]pt-Sn akvPnZpw

405

50. _-p IpSpw_]c-c

406

51. \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb AX

411

52. an ]pXpn

432

53. Jp-B-\ns Aam-\p-jn-IX

435

54. Xh-fsb sImm ]mSptm?

446

55. tNmtZym--c-n-eqsS Hcp kplrZv_w

453

56. IWn-bm-]p-cv \npw Htcm

460

57. Pam kmdpw sX BcymSpw

463

58. X-fpsS ]n

479

59. jmP-bn \nsm-tcm

482

60. ^nXv\ Dm-nb ^nXv\

489

61. hw aue-hn-bpsS \mn

495

62. Zpc-`n-am\w ss]im-NnIw

502

63. alm-k-t-f-\hpw Fs cmPnbpw

520

64. tNI-\-q aue-hnbpw Rm\pw

534

65. JmZn-bm-\nkw

540

66. a-kp _nimd

542

67. BZy Uln bm{X

545

68. bm{X-bnse \pdp-p-I

549

69. emtlm ki\w

553

70. auZq-Zn-bpsS J_

557

71. ]cm-Pbw k-Xn auZq-Zn-p-I

561

72. Phm-_p asse-_mc-n

567

73. Nne tNmZy- adp-]-Snbpw

569

74. {i-t-b-am-b- H-cp- hni-Zo-I-cWw

572

75. ]nXm-]p{X kam\w

575

76. epep sk

579

77. ]nW-m Iqp-Im-c

581

78. cp kzImcy ZpxJ-

582

79. Ago-tmSv apX sImSp--q hsc

586

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w1

D-a- au-e-hn-sb-p-dn-tm-p-tmsI.-F.C{_mlnwauehn (ap- {]kn-Uv, sI.-sP.bp-)

sI. Da aue-hn
Sn.-]n. A_vZp--tmb aZ\n (sI.-F.Fw {]kn-Uv)

602

A-\n-X-c-a-m-b- {]-t_m-[-\- hy-n-XzwsNdn-b-apw A_vZplaoZv aZ\n

D-a- au-e-hn-

612

Hm-m-\pw- ]-Tn-m-\pw-

knZv apl-Zv imn ({]kn-Uv,- sF.-F-kv.Fw)

607

F-s- D-a- au-e-hnFw.-Fw. AIv_ (UbdIvS, \nv Hm^v {Sqv)

605

R--- kv-t\-ln-- a-lmtUm. Aen, tUm. Bbni (APvam)

598

D-a- au-e-hn- Kp-W--fp-sS- tI-Zm-cw!Fv.C. apl-Zv _m_p-tkv

596

P-\m-_v- D-a- au-e-hnF.-]n. A_vZpJm-Z auehn (P\-d sk{I-dn. sI.-F.-Fw)

592

617

au-e-hnsb- Hm-p-tmF.-sI.F. eo^v (sa, tIcfkmlnXy Am-Zan)

620

10 Da auehn
amXr-`qan Zn\-]-{X-w (26-02-2000se FUn-tm-dn-b)

623

11 AXp-ey-\mb ]{X-{]-h-I
ae-bmfw \yqkv, kDuZn Atd-_y (25-02-2000se FUn-tm-dn-b)

12 kv-ar-Xn-tc-J-I-

12

624
627

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cmw ]Xn-ns ap-J-hp-c"Hma-I-fpsS Xocv' hfsc s]s-mWv {in--s-Xv. tImnI Xonv cphjw Ign-p-shv ]d-bmw.
cmw ]Xn-n-d-m Xocp-am-\np. ZAvh _pIvkv {]km-[-\-tas-Sp-p. H--mw- ]-Xn-n- hpt]mb A-c-s-p-Isfn ]cmXnI hmsX Dbp hn-cp-p. 2002 se Fd-Wm-Ipfw apPm-lnZv
kt-f-\-n {]Im-i\w sN-W-sav Xocp-am-\n-n-cp-XpsImv
A]w [rXn-Iq-tn hp. F.-F. laoZv kmln-_m-bn-cpp Imcy {in-n-cp--Xv. B ka-bv At-lw tcmKw aqOnv Hcp
amk-n-e[
- nIw InS-n-ep-ambn. {]q^v IrXyambn t\mm Ign-n.
Av Rm \mn Dm-bn-cp-p-an-. A-Xm-Wv- A-{X-bpw- sX-p-Ih-cm- Im-c-Ww.ke^o- BZi hyXn-cnX t_m[y-amnXv Cu ]pkvXI-amWv FXm-Wv At\-I Nqn-m-Wn Hcp hkvXp-X. tIc-fnse {]m\Ncn-{X-ns Htc-It- Zi Nn{Xw hc-p-Im-n-sb-Xpw
]gbIme {]m\ \mb-Isc ]cn-N-b-s-Spn F-Xp-amWv Nnesc
BIjn--Xv. ]pXnb Xe-apd Ahiyw Adn-tb kp{]-[m\ hnh-c-fpv F-XmWv Nne {in-Xv. Fmhcpw sFIy-IW
- vtT\ A`n{]m-b-s-Xv at\m-l-c-amb, Xpey-X-bn-m- CXns ssien XsbmWv. c-N-\-bn-se- B-m--X-bm-Wv- C-Xn-s\- F-m-h-cp-tS-bpw- lrZ-b-tm-S-Sp-n--Xv.- ]e XhW Bhnp hmbn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-h, Znh-tk\ Iptdsi- nc-ambn hmbn-p--h, Cu {Kw
hmbnp Xo-tXmsS ke^o BZiapsmv {]hIcmbh. Cs\ ]e-scbpw Adn-bm Ign-p. ]-e-sc-bpw- t\cn- ]-cnN-b-s-p.- kh-i-\v Af-h kvXpXn!

13

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A-ap-kve
- nw-Ifm-b- hm-b\
-
- m-cp-sS- {i-- Cu- ]p-kvX
- I
-
- n-\v- e-`n-np-v- F-- Im-cyw- {]-tXy-Iw- {i-b
- -ln-p-p.- a-Xc
- w-K
- v- {]-h-n- H-cp- ]-n-Xs
- - Hm-I
- p-dn-p-I- Cu- \n-eb
- n- B-I-jn-s
- -Xv- Iu-Xp-II
- c
- a
- m-Wv.- hn-izm-kn-If
-
- m-h
- s
- c-bpw- \n-aX
- s
- c-bpw- B-Ijn-m- I-gn-p-sh-X
- v- A-\p-`h
- a
- m-Wv.- tI-cf
-
- n-se- A-dn-bs
- -- Hcp- km-aq-ly-Nn-I
- \
- pw- km-ln-Xy-\n-cq-]I
- \
- p-am- b
- - H-cp- F-gp-p-Im-cam-Xr-`q-an- Zn-\]
- {- X-n- "A-Sp-- Im-e
- v- X-s- G-h
- pw- B-I-jn-]p-kvX
- I
- w-'- F-- \n-eb
- v
- v- "H-m
- a
- I
- fp-sS- Xo-c
- n'-s\- hn-eb
- n-cp-n-bX
- v
C-hn-sS- Nq-n-m-Wn-p-X
- v- {]-k
- a
- m-sW-m-sW-s- hn-Nm-cw-.- AXv- ]-{X-n- hm-bn-v- [m-cm-fw- A-ap-kve
- nw-I- ]p-kvX
- I
- w- B-hi
- y-s-v_-s
- -p.- tIm-n-I- Xo-p-t]m-bX
- p-sIm-v- ssI-hi
- a
- p-h
- c
- n- \npw- hm-n- hm-bn-W
- s
- a-v- ]-dt- b-n- h-p.- A-{X-bpw- Xm-e]
- c
- y-tm-sS-bm-Wh
- - B-hi
- y-s-X
- v.Nne ]cm-ai-sfpdnv Ah Hgn-hm-m-am-bn-cp-p-shv A`n{]m-b-s--hcpapv F Imcyw ad-p-sh-p-n-. hmN-I-
Bhn-Xv, hmp-I hnp-t]m-b-Xv, A--s\- A-_--fpw- hn--p-v. A-h-sb-mw- i-cn-bm-p-I-bpw- A-c-s-p-I-fpsS tLmjbm{X ]c-am-h[n Xncp-p-Ibpw FUnv sNp-Ibpw sNbvXn-p-v.
CXns {]km-[\
-
- n ]ph-ln-h
- smw Al-amb {]Xn-^ew
]S--h \I-s.
32 hjw Fs ]nXm-hv sI.Da aue-hn-bpsS k-Xk
- l
- N
- mcnbpw
kk-_o kl-]-{Xm-[n-]cpw kpZoL-amb hj--fn-eqsS Cu
{Kns am Xm-dm-pIbpw sNbvX F.-F. laoZv kmln_v
(sImn) Rsf hnp]ncn-nv Ap hj-ambn. Fm Imcy-pw {]tNm-Z\
- hpw Bth-ihpw \nc-cw \In-bn-cp {]nb-s D
Ign hjw bm{X-bmbn. Ahsmw dv aKv^n-dpw alapw \I-s. Ah-tcm-sSmw kzK-n I-p-ap-m-\pw- HcpanpIqSm\pw- dv Xu^oJv \I-s.
apl-dw 14-1430
P\p-hcn 112009

ap_m-dIv _v Da
XncqmSv

14

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

1
Hma-I-fpsS Xocv
CXv Fs Poh-N-cn-{X-a. IpSpw-_-I-Y-bp-a. B-I-Ym-I-Y\w
Fv thW-sa-n hnti-jn-nmw. hnip--amb Hcp BZiw Da-t_m-[y-n kzoI-cnp. AXv kzImcy kzmn sht--Xspw a\-n-emn. Atm, F\nv B-kw-kvI-cWw \In
Fs Rm\m-nb hnip {]am-W--fpsS alXzw a\p-jysc t_m[y--s-Sp-m Ign-hn-s\mv {ian--W-sav a\v a{np. As\ Rm kaq-l-n-te-n-dn. \o Ggp ]Xn-m-p-I! hn-m\w tXSnbpw \Inbpw bm{X XpS-cp-I-bmWv. Cu ZoL-Zqc Hmn Hcp \o hn{iaw Dm-bn-n. AXn\v km[y-am-bnn- Xs.
{]mbw F]-n-aqv XnI-bm-dm-hpp. hn{i-a-c-ln-X-amb {]h-\-fpw {]mbm-[n-Iyhpw oWw hcp-n-bn-pv. ]s, a\v
Xfn-n. dns A\p-{Klw Xs!- Ime-ssZLyw Hm-Iv a-te]n-pp. _- H-\-h-[n-bmWv;- \ne-\np-Xpw apdn-p-t]m-bXpw. IW- ]cn-N-b-m. Ah-cn Iptd-t]
kplr-p--fmbn amdn. F{Xtbm t] Fs hn-Ip. ]ecpw Cu
temIw Xs Dt]-n-p-t]mbn. Nne \nXy-tcm-K-nepw hm-Iyo-W-nepw ]cn-o-W-cmbn Ign-bpp. \o-Im-e-b-f-hn ]cnNb _--fn-ep-m-bn-cp Nnesc Hms-Sp-m Xs {]bm-kam-bn-cn--pp.
tIc-f-nse \Kc {Kmam--c--fn-eqsS \nc-cw bm{X sNbvXp.
[mcmfw ]WvUnX t\Xm--fp-ambpw ]uc-{]-ap-J-cp-ambpw ]cn-N-bsp. kvt\l-_---fpsS Hcp Ie-hd Xs-bpv. N-Ifpw kw-

15

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hm-Z-fpw Gsd Dm-bn-pv. bm{X-I tIcfw hnv ]pd-tpw

\on. Cy-bpsS ]e `mK--fnepw hntZ-i-\m-Sp-I-fnepw [mcmfw
k-cnp. As\ A\p-`-h-fpw _-fpw Gsd-bpv. bm{XI-sfm-sbpw BZi-_-n-X-am-bn-cpp. hnm-\-ambn Inn-bsXms kaq-l-n-tev ]Ip \Im\pw Ign-hpv {ianp.
kplrZv _--fpsS `WvUm-c-n \npw Nne ]noSv ITn\ i{Xp--fmbn. BZi-`n--X-bmWv CXn-\-hsc t{]cn-n-Xv. Fs
Kpcp-\m-Y-m t]mepw Cu KW-ns]-Spp. \o bm{X-bn
Poh Xs A]-I-S-s-Sp-sav tXmnb k`- Dm-bn-pv. `oj-Wn-I \nc-cw ]np-Sp. Bt-]-fpw ]cn-lm-k-fpw Ipd-sm-p-a kln-t-n-h-Xv. hyn-Ifpw {]m-\-fpw
an{X-`mhw {]I-Sn-np Fs t{]mm-ln-np. Fm \Xpw
Nobpw BZi-kw-_--am-bn-cpp.
Hp Xncn-p-t\m-n-b-tm kw`-h-_-lp-e-amWv Fs bm{X.
]cpw Hfnpw InSp A\p-`-h- t{ImUo-I-cnv ]pXnb
Xe-ap-dv \Im kplr-p- t{]cn-n-p-sIm-n-cpp. ASp-Im-ev AXv \n_--]q-amb Hcm-h-iy-ambn. ]ns iIm-cambn. Fgp-Xn-q-n-sb-Sp-m ]eXpw Hp-tN-cWw. Ubdn Fgpv
F\n-n-m-bn-cpp. AsXmcp Ipdhv. Fgp-Xp-tm ssI hndpw.
Atm klm-b-n-s\m-cm AXym-h-iy-amWv. Fm Imcy--fn
\npw hnsm-gnp {i-tbmsS nc-am-bn-s Ipn-bn-cn-Ww. AsXs kz`m-h-n\v CW-m--XmWv. a\-n Iq\-I-fmbn InS-p Hm-I-fn \npw Bh-iy-ap-Xv sXc-s-Spv
ASppw Nn-bp-ambn thXn-cn-Ww. hmb-\-mv lrZyhpw {]tbm-P-\-{]-Z-hp-am-IWw. CsXms Ffp--ap--X-tm. AXp-sImv Xs {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-m Ign-bmsX \mfp-I \on.
]ns, F\nv tXmn;- Fs Hm-I an XpS-pp. {]mbns oWw ico-c-n \npw a\-n-tev \on-bm Hn\pw Ign-bn-tm. AXn-\m Hgn-p-In-p ka-b--fn Hm-bn
HmSn-h-cp--Xn \nv hmb-\-mv {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp hnj-b-
am{Xw Ipdnp XpS-pI.
Rm XpS-p-I-bmWv. k-i-\pw alm-Im-cp-Wn-I-\p-amb
Am-lp-hns t]cn.
Hcp DZm-l-cWw \nv Rm Xcmw. 1974 \hw-_ amk-n

16

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fd-Wm-Ip-fv \npw t]mv hgn F\nv Innb Hcp Iv hmbnq.ChnsS IrXy-amb sImhpw Xn-Xnbpw ]e-tmgpw Dm-Ip-I-bn. As-n Xn-Xn-bn-sev Imcyw. hnj-b--ft {][m\w. ]m--ehpw Imehpw k`-fpw Imcy--fpsS Igv hmb-\-mv t_m[y-s-Sm D]-I-cnpw.
{ia-I-c-amb Cu cN\ XpS-p-tm Fs a\-ns Im-Sn-bn s]sv sXfn-p-h Hcp Imcyw BZyw Ipdn-s. Fs bm{Xm-ho-Yn-bnse Hcp {][m\ BZii-{Xp, ae-_m-dn ]cs Adn-bs-n-cp Hcp bpn-hmZn Fs "kk-_o' amkn-I-bn-eqsS Hcmib kwhm-Z-n\v At-ls Rm Wnp. Fgp-]-Xp-I-fpsS
ay-n-emWo kw`hw. ssZh-\n-tj-[n-bm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw ssZhhn-izm-k-m Bth-i-`-cn-X-cm-Ip ]e-tc-mfpw D]-Nmc acym-Z-Ifn am\yX ]pen Atlw! ]n.kn. IS-epn F Xqen-Im-\ma-n-emWv Atlw Adn-b-s-Sp-Xv. R Xn hfsc InS-]m-Sp-I \S-n-bn-pv. Bi-b-_-n-X-am-bh {]kn-o-I-cnp. Fs Bh-iy-{]-Imcw ssZh-hn-izm-ks FXnp Hcp teJ\w
At-l-w amkn-I--bpXp. tIcf \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo F
al-mb Ckvem-anI {]m-\-ns kam-Z-c-Wo-b-\mb Ay-\pw A\p-Kr-loX Xqen-I-bpsS DS-abpw ]WvUn-X\pw Nn-I-\p-am-bncp Fs B-an{Xw tUm. Fw. Dkvam kmln_v (\ne-q) Fs At] am\nv kk-_o-ens Xmfp-I-fn Ib-dn-hp. Atlw ]n.kn. IS-ep-nsb t\cnp. i-ambn, hnZ-Kv[ambn, am\y-ambn, ^e-{]-Z-ambn tUmIvS XSp-p-Ibpw shp-Ibpw sNbvXp. hniZmw-i- hgntb \nv hmbnmw. tUm. Dkvam kmln_v
Fs \o bm{X-bnse hnIm-c-`-cn-X-amb Hc-ym-b-amWv. B alm\p-`m-h-t\m-sSmv kzK-nepw F\nv Hp-Iq-S-W-sav Rm
Ftmgpw {]mn-pp.
]n.kn. IS-epn Hcn- (25.8.73) C{]-Imcw F\n-s-gpXn:
""_lp-am-\-s Da auehn kmlnt_,kZbw Ab kk-_o amknI Inn. hfsc \n. F\n-p hnai\w hmbnp.- F{Xbpw am\y-ambn {]Xn-]--p
Xm-fpsS i-amb hnai\w A-em-bn-pv. ]eXpw hmbnv
Rm Nncn-p-t]mbn. Hc-d_n ]WvUn-X-\mb Xm ae-bm-f-km-lnXy-n C{Xbpw ]cn-m\w t\Sn-bXv ApXw Xs.''-

17

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

8.11.73 Atlw F\n-s-gpXn.

""{]nb-s auehn kmln_v
In\v hfsc \n. Rm Ap-X-s-p-t]mbn, teJ\w Innb
DSs\ Xs Cubp--h\v I-b-Xv I-tm. tIc-f-nse an ]{Xm-[n-]-m-cp-ambn Rm CS-s]-Sp-Xv Imew s]cp-mbn.
Fm Xm-sf-tmse C{X acym-Zbpw IrXy-X-bp-ap--h-cmbn Ahcn Hcm- s f- t mepw F\nv ImWm Ign- n- n. Xm- f psS
hyn-a-lXzw {]iw-kmlw Xs.''Cu Ip-I hmbn--tmgpw Ctm AXv ChnsS ]Iptmgpw alm Imcp-Wn-I-\mb Am-lp-hn\v Rm kvXpXn ]d-bpp. Ip-I hmbn--tm bYm-n Ap-X-s--h Rm\mWv. Fs\ Ap-X-s-Sm-Xn-cnpw? asf tNp--Xn\p thn-b-msX ]Tn-m-\mbn kvIqfns ]Sn-hm-Xn Rm IS-n-n.
Fnpw Hcm-Zi hntcm-[n-bn \npw Cs\ Hcw-Ko-Im-ctam?
ae-bmf `mj-bpsS hymI-cW \nb-a-tfm {]tbm-K-co-Xn-Itfm
cN-\m-ssi-entbm Hpw ]Tn-n-n-m Cu km[p-hns\ Hcp ssZh\n-tj[n ]cn-l-kn-p-I-bmtWm? Iv hopw hopw {i-tbmsS
hmbnp.- {]iw-k-I sImpw {]tem-`-\-sImpw Fs his-Sp-m Ign-bp-sa-p aqV-hn-Nm-c-sampw At-l-n-\n.
]e Ip-I-fn \npw Fs Atlw a\-n-em-n--gn-n-cpp. If--an-m {]Xn-I-cWw Xs-bm-bn-cn-Ww.
Rm Am-lp-hns\ kvXpXnp. Ip-\o hmp. Hcm-Zi-hntcm-[n-bn \npw \njvI-f--amb {]iw-k-Iv Cu A]-s\ Al-\m-n-bXv alm Imcp-Wn-I-\mb Amlp am{X-amWv.- kvXpXn! Am-lp-hn\v Hcm-bncw kvXpXn!!
F\nv kmln-Xy-a-dn-p-IqSm. ]s, kmln-Xy-sa-spw Fn-\m-sWpw Rm a\-n-em-n-bn-pv. a\p-jyv Xncn-bp
`mj-bn efn-X-ambn Imcy- Ah-X-cn-n-p--XmWv Ghpw apnb kmlnXyw Fv AtX-p-dnv hnh-c-ap--h ]d-bp-Xv Rm tIn-pv. sshw apl-Zv _jo kmln-Xy-\m-b-I-cpsS ap\nc-bn Ib-dn-\n-Xv Cu KpWw aqe-am-bn-cp-p-hs{X.
asmv, Fgp-p-Imv Zpcq-l-am-Im, IrXy-amb, X\-Xmb
Hcp ssien Dm-I-W-as{X! Xqen-Im-\maw In-s-nepw hmb-\m-

18

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

io-e-ap Hcmv Im-hns\ Xncn--dn-bm Ign-m Atlw

Hcp ssien-bpsS DS-a-bm-sWv ]dbmw. Atm-gmWv Rm HmpXv. Fs kplr-p--fn ]ecpw FtmSv ]d-n-pv. ""\nfpsS {]kw-K-nepw Fgp-nepw X\-Xmb Hcp ssien-bpv.'' ampw A\p-I-cn-m Ign-bm--Xm-Ws{X AXv. Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-ambn
tXmn.
Fs\ Rm C-s\-sbms Bbn! Am-lp-hn--dnbmw.
Ahs IcpWm-ISm-hpw A\p-{K-lhpw am{Xw!- Fm kvXpXn-KoX--fp-sSbpw bYm Ah-Imin Amlp am{X-am-Ipp!Fm CXn-s\mcp adp-h-ihpw Dv. AXpw dns ]co-Ww
Xs. Cu {]iw-k-bn Rm A]w ktm-jn-Xpw Fs kplr-p-fpw hmb-\-m-cp-ambpw Rm\Xv ]v shp-Xpw Cu adphiw Hmp--Xp-sIm-mWv. i{Xp-X-bpsS Ak-`ym-`n-tj-I-m
kln-m-hp--Xn-tesd Rm A\p-`-hn-n-pv. a\-ns\ kl\n\v ]mI-s-Sp-n-b-h\pw Amlp Xs. kvXpXyl Amlp Xs. ""A_n-]-y-cmb Hma auehn, X\nv Hcp _m_-dpsS
]Wn FSp-p-IqsS. Xm\pw Ipsd I-mcpw IqSn {]hn-nv
Fv Dm-m. Xm BcmWv Aao-dn-t\mSv tNmZyw tNmZn-m.
X\nv ae-bm-ftam Ad-_ntbm Xncn-bptam? Xs kk-_o-em-Ip kpm-am-n IpSn--h-scmw hmsX Xqdqp.... sImn `mKv
"^nXv\'-bpm-p \ntbpw Iqp-Im-scbpw Iqn Ibpw. anlvdm_pw andpw hrn-tI-Sm-nb IgptX, CSnp tNmc Xqdnpw.
kqntm ]o.''Cu Ins DS-a- Bcm-bn-cn-p-sav hmb-\-mv a\n-emIpw. Ch-cpsS ]T\]cn-io-e-\-n hf-cp hnZymn
bph-P\ hn`mKw Ipdv \m apv ""kwkvIm-ctam k \mitam''
F ap{Zm-hm-Iy-hp-ambn tIc-f-n-e-t-m-f-an-tmfw Hcp Im-bn
\Sn. BcpsS kwkvIm-c-n-\mWv \miw kw`-hn--sXv ChnsS
hy-am-Wtm. \n`m-Ky-I-c-amb \miw!! Cu Iv 74 \hw-_ ew kk-_o amkn-I-bn Rm ]ckyw sNbvXp. AXn \npw Nne `mK- am{X-amWv apI-fn tNn-p-Xv. Cu In\p Xmsg Rm FgpXn:
""kXy-tbpw \oXn-tbbpw CjvS-s-Sp-Ibpw kXy-hm-m-tcbpw
\oXn-am-m-tcbpw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw sNp Am-lpth! ]cn-ip

19

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Jp-B-\n hnh-cn kXyw ]ckyw sNp-hm \o \n_-np.

AXp-sImv Rm AXn\p Xm-dmbn. Am-c-W-m Pam-As Ckvem-an-m FtmSv ITn-\-amb i{XpX ]pepp. Fs-p-dnv kntbm-Wnv GP v Fpw apw {]Nm-cWw sNpp.
Fsm-stbm Imm Hcp-n-bn-cn-pp. Rm CXn\v apXnXv
kzw CjvS-{]-Im-c-a, \ns I-]-\-{]-Im-c-amWv. AXp-sImv
Ch-cp-sSbpw Fsbpw CS-bn \oXn hn[n-t-Wta'' (kk-_o
20.11.74)
Fs bm{Xm-\p-`-h--fnse Nne \pdp-p-I am{X-am-WnXv.
21 hbv. A-cm-n Rm Hcp ]em-b\w \Sn. AhnsS \nm-Is Fs bm{X-bpsS IY-I. th-s--h-sc-sbmw
hnp-sImv Ak-ly-amb ZpxJ-`mcw t]dnb Hcp bm{X! `bm-\-I-ambn-cpp AXv. ]mXn-cmhv Ign t\cw. Iqcn-cpv. hnZyp--n-bn-m Imew. Imf-hn am{Xw Dcp-fp \mp-]mX. Ccp-h-ipw t]Snn-p s]m-m-Sp-I. `b-sv hndpw Icpw dn-t\mSv {]mnpw Rm \Sp. AYhm Hm-am-bn-cp-pthm? \ \n-b-an.
B ka-b-p Fs at\m-hn-Imcw Xqen-I-bn hc-p-Im-m Ignbp--X. temI-tmSp Xs Fs-n-m shdpv. Fn\p Pohn-Ww Fv t]mepw tXmn-tmbn. B-lXy alm-]m]w Xs. Acw Ip-tam Imc-W-am-Im hn[w Hv Xop-Inn-sb-n...!
{]hm-N-I-mcpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw ]e-hn-[-amb ]em-b-\-pw
]oU-\-pw Cc-bm-bn-pv. Ncn-{X-ns Bh-\-. Zb\o-b-amb B thZ-\-I XnIn hcp-tm Fs Ah F{Xtbm
\nmcw. Rm Biz-kn-m {ianp. ]s, c-s-SWw. Ahnizm-k-n-sbpw A-hn-izm-k-n-sbpw Ah Dbnb {Iqc-XI-fp--sSbpw Ccp-p-I-fn \npw tamN\w thWw. Atm Cu \S-mX-Isf Idp-n-p Iqcn-cp F{X \nmcw! Bdp ssa ssZLyap B \Sw AYhm Hmtam? Rm tamN\w t\Sn. dn\v kvXpXn!
Xncp-h-\--]pcw Pn-bnse IWn-bm-]p-c-p ]pen-md ]n-bn \nn-dn Id hgn hma-\-]p-cv hp. AhnsS Fw.kn. tdmUv
Hcp {][m\ Ih-e-bmWv. kp_vlns t\cv Ahn-sS-sbn. _n Ibdn ew-hnp.

20

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

IpSpw_w Adn-bmsX Rm HmSn-a-dp. CXn\v Imc-Wmb Imcyw

\n Adn-bn-tm. ck-I-c-ambn XpSn `oI-c-ambn Ah-km-\n-nm CS-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp Hcp IY-bm-WXv. Ccw A\p-`-h-
G-p-d-n-temsS ]epw t\cn-tSn hn-p-mIp-w. kXy-kmy-ns {]bm-K-h-XvI-c-W-n\v Ccw A\p-`-h--tfmSv Fs\ {]Xn-I-cn-p-shv Hmtcm-cp-cpw B-]-cn-tim-[\ \S-m
Cu IY ]d-n klm-bn-p-sa-n AXpw Hcp \-Imcyw Xs.
Fs Hfn-tmw 21mw hb-n-emWv. 61 hj-v apv. Fm AXn\pw ]v hj-v apv Ipn-{]m-b-n Xs Fs
Nn-I NnX-dn-p-S-p-Ibpw a\v Zmln-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImn-cpp. shfn--sa-hnsS? AXm-bn-cpp Nn. Adnhv InWw. bYm-amb Adnhv. AXm-bn-cpp Zmlw.
ae-pdw Pn-bnse s]mm\n Xmeq-n-ep shfn-b-tm-SmWv
Fs P-tZiw. P\-\-n-Xn IrXy-ambn a\-n-emn. Hcp da-Zm
Ggv. A{X-am{Xw. amnf elf F-dn-b-s-Sp ae-_m Iem-]-ns Imew,- 1921. Av F\nv \mep hbv. D-bn \np Cu
tI-dn-hmWv hbv Iqn-sb-Sp-m klm-b-I-am-bXv. As\ Fs Adnthm k-Xtam CmsX 83 hj-v apsmcp Znhkw
Rm Cu `qan-bn ]nd-p-hoWp.
Fs aX-]-c-amb Hm-as Adnhv tItmfq. ]ecpw s\n- Np-fnp-p-mIpw, kmc-an. Da kap-Zmbw Fv Jp-B hnti-jnn Cu kaq-l-ns ZmcpW Nn{Xw CXn-eqsS hc-s-Sp-m Ignbpw. AXns Imc-W- Nnnp ]Tn-pI Xs-thWw. Cu IY
hmbnv Nncn-p--hcpw Nnn-p--hcpw Nne-tm Ic-bp--h-cp-apmIpw. Nne Fs i]n-p--h-cp-amImw. Ggp Zi-I-v app aX-t_m-[-ns "alna' CXn \npw {Klnmw.
F\nv {]mbw \mtem Atm Bbn-mWpw. shfn-b-tmSv
X-msc ad-am-Spn-S-v- Hcp sIn-S-apv. aJmw Fm-W-Xns {]tbm-K-\maw. {]hm-NI t{ijvT-\mb apl-Zv \_n ]Tn-np,- ]cnioe
- n-np hfn-sb-Sp kaq-l-n X-m-cn, aJm-ap-I-fp-an.
Ccw kh ta[m-hnXzw Bcpw D-bn-n-p-an. Bcpw hI-shp-sIm-Sp-n-p-an. Ad-_n-I-fn BVyXzw sImv anIp \nncp Jpssdin hwi-P\pw Ckvem-anI km{am-Py-ns A[n-]\pw
[oc-\pw i-\p-am-bn-cpp Jeo^ Da. \ot{Km hwi-P\pw ASn-

21

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

abpw ]ca Zcn-{Z-\p-am-bn-cpp _nem. bP-am-\s {Iqc-amb a\- n- c - b m- b npw BZi- n \npw AWp- a - W n- qw
]ntm-p-am-dm Iqm-m-Xn-cp _nem-ens ZmVyhpw Zb-\o-bmh-bpw I-dnp Am-lp-hns {]oXnbpw {]Xn-^-ehpw am{Xw
sImXn-p-sImv A_q-_- knoJv At-ls h XpI \In hne-s-Spv kzX-{-\mn. \mp-ap-Jy\pw k kuJy-\p-ambn-cp A_vZpd-lvam-\p_v\p Hu^v kzktlm-Z-cnsb _nem-en\v
hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-Spp. `c-Wm-[n-]-\mb Da "bm knZo'- (Fs \mbIm) Fv _nem-ens\ kwt_m-[\ sNp-am-bn-cpp. {]hmN-I kwkvI-cn-s-Sp kaq-l-am-WnXv. CXn X-m-sc-hnsS?
]ns, CsX-s\ Dmbn? inbm--fn \np--hn A-hnizm-ks kpn-I ame-bnv kzoI-cn--Xp-Xs! cmjv{So-bm-[n-Imc-ns A\--c-m-hm-Imiw \_nbpsS ]nXr-hy-]p-{X\pw Pmam-Xmhp-amb Aenv \I-W-sav {]hm-N-I \nt-in-n-p--Xmbn
Hcp hymP hN\w \_n-bp-tS-Xmbn PqX-m {]N-cn-np. CXmWv
BZys I lZokv! ip-a-\-kvI-cmb Iptd -t]- CXn IpSpn. As\ kaq-l-n In-Xz-ap-mbn. \mi-I-c-amb hminbpw sshcm-Ky-hp-ambn AXv ]cn-W-anp. PqX-m Fcn-bp Xobntev,- amdn \nv F Hgn-p-sIm-n-cpp. hnIm-c-]-c-amb Hcp
Imcyw hmin-tbmsS ssIImcyw sNp-Ibpw ]no-SXv ITn-\-amb
i{Xp-X-bmbn hf-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. HSp-hn aqmw Jeo-^bpw {]hmN-Is cp ]p{Xn-amsc hnhmlw sNbvXv Ahn-Sp-s CjvS-tXm-g\m-hp-Ibpw Xs kv Ckvem-an-\p-thn Af-hn-msX sNe-hgn-p-Ibpw {]hm-N-Is Xncp-\m-hn-eqsS Pohn-X-Im-ev Xs
kzKm-h-Im-in-bmbn {]Jym-]n--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Dkvams\
AXnZmcp-W-ambn h[n-p-sIm-mWv i{Xp- Ah-cpsS hmin
t\Sn-bXv.
io-Av Aen (Aen In-m) F t]cn D-hn Cu
hn`mKw Aen, ^mXzna, lk-, lpssk Fn-h-cpsS alXzw
hnp hnp ImSp- Ibdn.- Cu al-p--fn ZnhyXzw Btcm]np! GI-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bn (XuloZv) \npw Cu Iq As\
hyXn-N-enp. {ItaW inbm- ]e Ahm-c hn`m-K--fmbn ]ncnp. Aen ssZhmh-Xm-c-am-sWv t]mepw hniz-kn hn`mKw Chcn cq]w-sImp. {]hm-NI]pwK-h Am-lp-hns Adn-bnv

22

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

{]Imcw kzKm-h-Im-in-I Fv {]Jym-]n A_q-_-, Da

Fo alm-m--sf-p-dnv im]-hm-p-I sNmcn-bp-Xv inbm-fpsS apJy "C_m-Zv' Bbn-op. cmjv{So-bm-[n-Im-c-tam-l-ns A-X-bn \npw In-bp-bp-h Cu hKw Ckvemans ASn-m\ {]am-W--fpsS \me-Xn-cp-Ifpw t`Znv ]pd-pt]mbn. Cu hn`m-K- {ItaW in {]m]np. t]jy (Cdm)bnem-bn-cpp Ch-cpsS kwJym h-\hv.
]e In-Ifpw Ch-cn D-hnp. aXm-Nm-cy-mv Bo-b-inbpw Znhy-Xzhpw I]n-p AXn-\m-i-I-c-amb _lp-ssZ-h-Xznepw ]utcm-ln-Xy-nepw A[n-jvTnX-am-bn-cpp Fm In-Ifpw. A{]-am-ZnXzw hmZn-p Ccw Iptd ssiJp-am t]jy-bn
\npw Cy-bn-tev IpSn-tbdn. ]ecpw {]hm-N-Is IpSpw_ ]np-S Ah-Im-i-sp. Ah-Im-i-s--hsmw kaqlw AX-\ph-Zn-p-sIm-Spp. Alvepss_v ({]hm-NI IpSpw_w) F hninjvS \ma-n kaqlw Chsc BZ-cnp Bob ]Z-hn-I I]n--cpfn.
Ckvem-ans a{][m-\-amb Xulo-Zn-s\-p-dnpw {]hm-NINcy-sb-p-dnpw bmsXm-c-dn-hp-an-msX aX-]-cn-h\w sN-s-hcpw Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eqsS Cu hnh-c-tZm-j-n apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-I-fmbn s]cp-Ip-Ibpw sNbvX ]mhw kaq-ls ]WvUnX hKw hnh-ct-Sn Xs Xf-np. X-fpsS kzm em`-n-\p-thn D]tbm-Kn-p-hm k-cpw ]WvUn-Xcpw tNp Ahn-ip--_w Hcp-nb sIWn-bn. kaqlw A-X-bpsS Ccp-fp-Ip-n Ign-p-IqSn.
{]hm-NI IpSpw-_-nse ]np-d-m-cmbn cwK-{]-thiw sNbvX-h P\--fpsS Bob t\Xm--fmbn. AtXmsS kaq-l-ns apgph hyh-lm-c-a-WvU-e--fnepw Chv Hu-Xyhpw BVy-Xzhpw
e`np. As\ Ch X-m-cmbn. "X' F Cu AXn-_-lpam-\-ns hnfn Fs\, Ftm, B XpSn Fsmpw Bp-a-dn-bn. F-s\tbm ]e-hn[ Zpcm-Nm-c- IS-p-I-b-dn-b-Xpt]mse CXp-ap-mbn. X-m P\\w apX acWw hsc kaq-ln- ebn-msX thdn-p-\np. hnhm-l-_---fnepw Cu \njv-Ij Ah ]men-p-hp. ac-W-s-m apkvenw-Isf ad-am-Sp
s]mXp J_m-\n X-msc ASw sNm Ah CjvS-

23

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s-n. kap-Zmbw Cu CjvS-tSv kmZcw hI-sh-p-sIm-Spp.

X-msc ad-am-Sm {]tXy-I--ehpw kuI-cy-fpw Dmbn.
CXnv "aJmw' Fpw hnfn--sp.
shfn-b-tmSv X-msc ad-am-Sp sInSw aJmw F t]cn
\ne-\n-p-t]m-cpp. Rm Fs Ipn-m-es Hm-I-fn-tev
\nsf Xncn-p-sIm-p-h-cn-I-bmWv.
F\n-v- H-m shp-tm aJm-ans Xmgn-I-pSw tISp-hp
InS-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Am-ev \mn GsXmcp hnja kw`-h-fp-m-bmepw X ka-bv ag-In-msX _pn-ap-pI, AXn-hjw
aqew sh-smw Dm-IpI, Irjn \miw kw`-hn-pI, in-bmb Im-Snv ac- adn-p-ho-gpI, hkqcn, tImfd XpS-nb hym[nI ]c-pI, apkvenw-In-S-bn ASn-]n-Sn-I Dm-IpI, Hcp t]n HmSn P\-sf `b-s-Sp-n-bm t]mepw Bfp-I aJm-an\v
t\sc Xncnv s\Sp-honSpw. Fnv ]ndp-]n-dppw. F-s\-bmWv \mn _emAv apko-_-p-I (Zpcn-X-fpw AXym-ln-X-fpw) Dm-Im-Xn-cn-pI? aJm-ans Xmgn-I-pSw tISp-h-nv CXp-hsc-bXv \m-ntbm?
bmsXmcp hnizmk Imcy-fpw Icp-n-Sn-m Fs ]np a\n-tev IS-p-I-b-dnb aX-kw-_--amb BZys Adn-hm-WnXv.
aJm-ans \me-Xn-cp-Ifpw `wKn-bmbn kqn-p-Ibpw BZ-cn-m-cm-[np-Ibpw sNbvXmte PohnXw kpc-n-Xhpw kp`n--hp-am-bn-ocq
Fs{X P\w hniz-kn-n-cp-Xv. Imew IS-p-t]mbn. Rm InXmt_mXn ]Tnp. Atm F\nv a\-n-em-bXv t\sc hncp--am-bnmWv. Ccw aJm-ap-Ifpw ih-Iq-So-c-sf Ae--cn-p FSp-p-Ifpw CSnp \nc-n-bm am{Xta Cl-nepw ]c-nepw \apv
c-bpq. kaq-l-ns hnizmk [mc-W-I Xe-Ip-s\ Bbncp-p-shv F\nv t_m[y-ambn.
B-c-m-ap ]em-b\IY ]d-n-em-Wtm \psS hnjbw. Ahn-tSv Xs-bmWv Rm \nsf sImp-t]m-Ip-Xv. B
Hfn-tm--n-tev Fs \bn hkvXp-X-Iv, sImp-\m-fp-I-fnse Hm-I-fp-sSbpw AXn-eqsS hfv h A\p-`-h--fp-sSbpw
Hcp ]m--e-apv. AtX-p-dnv GI-tZi cq]w \nv e`np-tmtg Cu IYv A-ap-m-hp-I-bpq. \nfpw {]Xo-np-Xv AXp-X-s-bm-bn-cn-p-sav Rm Icp-Xs.

24

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F\nv Bdp-h-bv {]mb-ambn. \mp-\-Sv {]Imcw Fs Hmp-]-n-bn-emn. As\ Jp-B HmXm ]Tnp. ]noSv Fs D]-cn-]-T\w ]n-Zkn-tev \on. Fs amXm-]n-Xm-v
ae-bmfw Fgp-Xm\pw hmbn-m\pw Adn-bp-am-bn-cpp. Fnpw Fs kvIqfn-e-b-n. AXns ImcWw F\n-n-tmgpw Am-XamWv.
Fs ]nXmhv IS-m-fv AlvaZv I-h-S-m-c-\m-bn-cpp. tX-bpsS ]-s-mv hmpw. AXv sh-n-env shpw. Agp-Inbm NIncn Xn-sb-Spv Ib ]ncnpw. AXv hn-bnepw hn-epw Ibns-mp-t]mbn sam---h-S-mv hnpw. km-n-I-ambn tami-a-m nXn-bp-m-bn-cpp. D-bpsS IpSpw_hpw \mn apJy m\-p--h-cm-bn-cpp. hym]mcw {ItaW
bnp. \jvS-n-embn. henb IS-_m[yX hp-s]p. kzp- hnv ISw-hon. Hcp sXntXmw am{Xw _mn-bmbn. AXn\np hcp-am\w am{X-am-bn-cpp ]noSv \nXy-hr-n-p amKw.
F\nv Hm-sh-p Imev km-nI nXn \ oWn-em-bn-cpp. D ]v asf {]k-hnp. Fm-a-\mWv Rm.
cp-t] _mey-n Xs acnp. Ghpw HSp-hn Fs hnp
t]mbXv Xncp-h-\--]pcw Pn-bn IWn-bm-]p-cv IpSpw_Xma-kam-n-bn-cp tPyjvT Aen Bbn-cpp. afpw t]c-a-fpw
Fmw Ahn-sS-X-s-bmWv. _- \ne-\n-p-t]m-cpp.
CsXmcp IpSpw_ IY-b-tm. AXn-\m C{X-sbms aXn.
Fs kvIqfn ]Tn-m Ab-n-sv ]d-tm. apkvenw kapZm-b-n Am-ev Cu ]Xnhv s]mXpsh Cm-bn-cpp. \mnse
"Adn-hmf'-mscv KWn-n-cp--h kvIq ]T-\-n\v FXn-cm-bn-cpp. Am-es ]mXncm hAfp(aX-{]-kwKw)Ifn km[m-cW
tIn-cp Hcp \on-h-en {]m\ ]pXnb Xe-apd Adn-n-cn-t-XmWv. tItmfq: ""tJmP-cm-Pm-hmb Xp-cmt\..,- ] ae-bm-f-n tamSn hm\w ]td-tWmsc idn \npw Rsf \o ImtW'' Cwo-jns Imcyw ]d-bp-Itb th. ""AXv Im^n-c-o-o-fpsS _mk-bmWv!- Pl--anse _mk''-!!
{_nojv km{am-Py-Xz-tm-Sp ISp shdppw Aaj-hp-amWv
hnZym-`ymk _ln-jvI-c-W-n\v Blzm\w sNm apkvenw-Isf
t{]cn-n--sX-mWv B[p-\nI `mjyw. kzcmPy kvt\l-ns

25

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

apIp-tSm-Zm-l-cWw! ]---am-WnXv. ae-bmfw amXr-`m-j-bt? ]nst AXpw ssIsb-m-gn-Xv?- ]Tn--cp-sXv D]-tZ-in-Xv?

Fn-\n-s\ ZpB-C-cpv \Sp? D-c-an-m tNmZy-! hnip Jp-B-\ns Aw P\-sf ]Tn-n-m-Xn-cp-Xpw sh-mc-t\m-Sp hntcm-[-am-bn-cptm? Ctm Aw ]d-bmsX KXy-c-an-s \ne-h--tm Aw sXnp ]d-bp-Xpw Btcm-Sp
Aaj-amWv? D-c-an. Xmsg ]d-bp Hcp D-cWn {in-m
Dcw \nv kzbw e`npw.
kpn tIc-f-ns BNm-cy-\m-bn-cpp C.sI. lk- apkvenbm.- Im-]p-c-ns Kpcp-Xp-ey. i-wk-p De-a-bpsS Cfb k-tlmZ-c.- hmZ{]Xn-hm-Z-hn-Z-Kv[. D{K {]`m-j-I. Cu apkvenbm Hcp
]pkvX-I-sa-gp-Xn-bn-pv. t]cv "XlvZo-dp CJvhm an XP-a-Xn
Jp-B'-.- 1982 {]kn-o-I-cn Cu ]pkvX-I-nse hnjbw JpB XPa ldmw! kpn-I-fpsS Xs Hcp henb t\Xm-hmb Iq\mSv sI.hn. apl-Zv apkvenbm Hcp Jp-B ]cn-`mj ]pd-ndn. in-bmbn Cu ]pkvX-I-n AXv hnain--s-n-pv. Cu
]pkvX-I-n \npw lk- apkvenbm-cpsS Hcp hmNIw Chn-sS
]Imw.
""Fs DkvXm-Z-m-c-Sw ]gb Ben-ao- Jp-B hmp-I DZm-l-c-W-ambn hcp-tm AXns hn[n hnh-cn-p-X-cn-I-b-msX
Aw ]d-bm-dn. tNmZn-m Xs Aw ]d-b-cpXv,- ]ng-pt]mIpw Fv D]-tZ-in-p--h-cm-bn-cpp.'' (t]Pv 34)
aX-kvt\-lhpw cmPy-kvt\-lhpw ]c-kv]c ]qc-I--fm-sWv
A- s ]Wv U n- X - m a\- n- e m- n- b n- c p- pthm? {_nojv
hntcm[w, DXv Xs ]d-bm thp-thm-f-apv. ]ns-n\v
Ak-Xyw ]dp cmPy-kvt\lw hnf-pp. aX-kvt\-l-ap-m-bn-cpp-sh-n aXw bYm-hn[n ]Tn-n-p-am-bn-cp-tm. ]s, AXv
apSn A]- c n- j v I r- X - a mb Hmp- ] p- c - I v ]Icw B[p- \ nI
aZvdkm- k{-Zmbw sImp-h-cm Ckvem-anI ]WvUn-X-m {ian-tm AXn-s\-Xn-cn PnlmZv hnfn apkven-bm-v aX-kvt\-lap-sv hmZn-m Akm-am\y sXmen-n Xs thn-hcpw!Hcp Imepw em XPv-A-ep _\o\m
aZvdk _n bXA-aq\m
Adn-hm-f C_v\p-o-anb apImew

26

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

fem-e-s hnv ]mInb Imew

Pl--ans BJn-dnse "ao'- amwaZvd-k-bpsS BJndv Pl--am.
aZvdk F ]Z-nse BZy A-c-amb "aow' Pl--ans (\cIw) Ah-km\ A-c-am-b-Xn-\m aZvd-k-bn-te-p bm{X \c-In-te-m-Ipp Fv CuW-n, `n-km-{-ambn ]mSn P\-sf kmK-n \n-I-m {ian--hv aXkvt\l-ap-m-bn-cppthm? Ime-ns Iqew-Ip-n-sbm-gp-n Ah sXn-hoWp.
Bbn-c--W-n\v aZvd-k-I \S-p alm {]m-\-amWv X-fptS-sXv apkven-bm- Ctm hon-f-p-I-bmWv!- aZvdkm Aym-]-I-cpsS kwm\ kt-f\w Xs Ah \Sn. am-
kzmK-Xmlw Xs. ]ptcm-K-a-\- A`n-\--\o-b-hp-amWv. ]s,
kzmKXw sNm\pw A`n-\-n-m\pw hI-bn--Xm\pw. ImcWw inpw _nZv-Apw Jpdm-^m-p-I-fp-amWv Cu aZvd-k-I-fn-eqsS ]np
a\-p-I-fn-tev Xn--b-p-Xv!
mv t_mUn tNmv sImv Jp-B hmp-I Fgp-Xptm tNmvs]mSn Xmsg hogpw,- AXn Nhn-n-bm ]m]-amWv Fv P\-sf ]dp t]Sn-n-n-cpp. Jp-Bs Aw tNmZn-cpXv; ]-d-b-cp-Xv-;- ]Tn--cpXv; ]ng-p-t]mIpw. P\-sf Ah `oj-Wns-Spn. Fsmcp aX-kvt\lw!
]mhw apkvenw P\X! Adn-hm-f-m-cmb apkven-bm- hnf-n-bXv cpNn-tbmsS ASn `np. kvIqfn t]mbn. `mj-Ifpw ]Tn-n. ]Tn--sXms shdpw ame aueo-Zp-Ifpw dmo-_p-Ifpw Jnmp-Ifpw am{Xw! alm `qcn-]--n\pw _nkvanbpsS Aw t]mepw
Adn-bn. \qdp iX-am-\-n\pw aplvbn-o ame a\x-]m-T-am-bn-cp-pXm\pw. CXm-bn-cpp ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS aX-kvt\lw! cmPy-kvt\lw! km{am-PyXz hntcm[w!!!
""a\p-jyv thn \ntbm-Kn--s Da kap-Zm-b-amWv \n'' Fv Amlp Jp-B-\n-eqsS Adn-bn Hcp hninjvS kaq-ls Zpbmhpw BJn-dhpw \jvSs
- v temI-n-m-hi
- y-an-m Hcp
]nm hK-ambn A[-]-Xn-n-Xv ]WvUn-X-m-scv hon-f-nb
Cu ]p-tcm-ln-X--m-cm-bn-cpp.
Imew amdn. tImehpw Ipsd-sbms amdn. Fm a\-n

27

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Dudn-q-Snb Idpv \on-bn-n. Imew \on-b-tm hne-Iq-Snb

Idpv Nmbw sImv IqSp-X AXv hnIr-X-amn. apkvenw kv{XoIfpsS ]n {]th-i-\-n-s\-Xn-cn Xe-m\ \K-cn-bn amv \Sm Cm-epw Chv ss[cy-ap-mbtm. Fgp-Xnbpw {]kwKnpw a\-nse Idp-n\v Ah In-Iqn.
CS-nsS Rm hgn-am-dp-pv. kmc-an. Fmw Adn-tb-Xpw
a\-n-em-t-Xpw Xs. Ccp-ns ImTn\yw A\p-`-hn-p-tm-gt {]Im-i-ns alXzw t_m[y-amIq.
Fs kvIqfn Ab-m-Xn-cp-Xv Cu aqV hnizm-k-ns
ASn-m-\-n-em-bn-cpp Fv ]d-bpI h. ImcWw, Fs amXm]n-Xm- ae-bmfw ]Tn--h-cm-bn-cp-tm. Fs A\p-Ps\ kvIqfne-b-n-pv. tPymjvT-mpw AXym-hiyw ae-bmfw Adn-bp-am-bncpp. AXp-sImv ae-bmf hntcm[w Fs IpSpw-_-n Imcyambn thcq-n-bn-cp-n Fv a\-n-embn. thsd Imc-W-sa-m-bn-cpp-shv F\nv icn--dn-bn.
As\ Rm ]n-Zknse D]-cn-]-T-\-n Hcp In-bmbn.
shfn-b-tmSv ac-m-cn-- ]n-bn-emWv InXm-t_m-Xn-bXv. Kpcp-\mY-m Bscms, Fhn-S-p-Im Fsmpw icnv Hm-bn.
XmW-]m-Sv apl-Zv apkvenbm, Xm-c apl-Zv apkvenbm,
Xd-bn Ipp-Ipn apkvenbm Fn-h Kpcp-\m-Y-m-cn NnecmWv. ]pdw tZip \npw h DkvXm-Z-mcpw Dm-bn-cpp.
XmW-]m-Sv apkvenbm-cpsS injy-Xz-n Ign-bp Imew.
hbv ]Xn-\mtem, ]Xn-\tm Bbn-cnpw. a\v Hv ]nS
Hcp kw`-h-ap-mbn. hoSp-I-fn DkvXmZv t]mbn JpXv_n-v dmo_v F "Bcm-[-\m-Iw Ign-pI' ]Xn-hm-bn-cpp. Fm-bnSpw CXv km[m-c-W-bmWv. Cu dmo-_ns aptm-Sn-bmbn Hcp
\a-kvIm-c-apv. ]{v dIv-A-m-WXv. ssiJv aplvbn-o A_vZp JmZn Poem\n AhI-fpsS s]mcpw Bin-p-sIm-m-WnXv.
_KvZm-Zn Amw \qm-n Pohn alm ]WvUn-X\pw `\pw
Hcp henb aX ]T\ tI{-ns (Zkv) Xe-h-\p-am-bn-cpp ssiJv
Poem\n. At\Iw {K- cNn-n-pv. Ckvem-ans sshm\nI hfpw cpw Xs PohnXw An alm {]Xn-`m-imen-bm-bn-cpp ssiJv. acn-p-t]mb Cu alm-\-hI-fpsS cbpw
s]mcp-hpw e`n--W-sa-p Bi-bmWv Cu dmo-_ns t{]c-

28

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I in. ssiJn-t\mSv t\cnp- {]m\ dmo-_nse Hcp apJy

C\-amWv.
GsXmcp C_m-Z-nepw CJvemkv iXz-m-Wtm. \njvI-f--amb
Dtiyw D]-m-[n-bm-pI F-XmWv CJvemkv. Am-lp-hns s]mcp-hpw {]Xn-^-ehpw am{Xw Bin-p-I-bmWv CJvem-kns Igv.
ta]-d ]{v dIv-Av \a-kvImcw Cu XX-z-n\v hncp-amWv. ImcWw {]hm-N-I-\n \npw Cs\ Hcp \a-kvImcw amXrI-bn. Am-lp-hns {]Xn-^ew B{K-lnp sNp GsXmcp Ihpw {]hm-N-I-\n \npw \S-]-Sn-bmtbm, D]-tZi \ntZ-itam au\m-\p-hmZw aptJ-\tbm Ncy-bmbn e`n-n-cn-Ww. CX-msX \nn-s-Sp--h-sbmw _nZv-A-p-I-fmWv (]pXnb BNm-c-).""{]hm-N-I-\n \nv Da amXr-I-bpv, Am-lp-hn-s\bpw Ay-Zn-\-sbpw B{K-ln-p--h\v'' FmWv Jp-B Adnbn-p-Xv. Atm Bsc-nepw sIn-bp-m-nb Bcm-[-\m-Isf hmcn-p-W-cp-Xv D-a-a-sv am{X-a, {]hm-N-I-Xzs
AwKo-I-cn-m kz`m-h-hp-amWv.
C{X-sbmpw KmV-ambn Av Rm ]Tn-n-n. Ipsd \m InXm-t_m-Xn-bm Ccw Imcy--sf-p-dnv hnhcw e`n-m km[yX-bn. Fnepw J_n Hsc-cn-n ! CJvem-kn\v \nc-m Hch--bm-Wtm Cu ]{v dIv-Av \a-kvIm-c-n-\p-Xv Fsmcp tXm. ]pdv ]d-bm ss[cy-an. tNmZn-m Xt-S-hpan. N-sN-m Hcp ]gp-Xp-an. BsI `bw. DkvXmZv Xs t\Xr-Xzw hln-p Hcp I-n kwibw {]I-Sn-n-p-Itbm?-!- AXv A\m-h-iyhpw Kpcp-Xz-t-Sp-am-Int?
kwibw a\-n Xs HXpn. Ipsd Ime-n\p tijw CXn\v adp-]Sn Inn. kXy-k-qw Fv apkvenbm- DZvtLm-jnp i]n--s ]mn ""BtIv Rm sNmIn BIpw
Rms\-tm-h'' Fsmcp hcn-bpv. k-\pw k-i--\pamb Am-lp-hn-t-Xm-Wtm "Ip ^-b-q' (Dm-I-pI Fv
I]n-p-tm AXp-m-Ipp) F Ignhv. Cu Ignhv ssiJn-\ps-mWv ChnsS ]d-bp-Xv. "em A\ Cm- -AX' Fv dmo_n-epw ImWmw. Rm\pw \obpw Hp-Xs Fm-Wn-Xns kmcw.
IS-s-Sp AssZz-X-hm-Z-am-WnXv. Atm ta]-d \a-kvImc-n\v Fm-sWmcp Xc-tSv! CXmWv apkvenbm--fpsS aXw!

29

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

apv Hcp henb apkvenbm Dm-bn-cpp. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq kztZin. Im\w ]Xn A_vZpJm-Zn apkvenbm. kpn-I-fn Ghpw
{]kn-\pw hmKvhn-em-k-m P\-{i Gsd ]nSn-p-]-n-b-h-\p-ambn-cpp ]Xn apkvenbm. ""aplvbn-o ame kXy-k-q-a-s-n Jp-B\pw kXy-k-q-a'' F AXn `b--chpw [nm-c]q-hp-amb Ip^vcn--ns hmZw `b-te-i-at\y \n-tmNw ]cs {]Jym-]n-m [mjvSyw {]I-Sn-n a\p-jy! [mcmfw {]kwK tPp-I-fn Cu hmZ-ap-bn hlm-_n-Isf Cu apkvenbm
hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v shp-hn-fn-n-pv. hni-Z-hn-hcw hgnsb BImw.
asmcp kw`hw. shfn-b-tmSv ]n-Zknse ]T-\-Imew. ]m\mbn-pfw A_vZp-d-lvam apkvenbm-cpsS hon d_o-D A amkw 12mw cmhn\v aueoZv Dmbn. apkvenbm--fn {]ikvX ]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp ]m\m-bn-pfw apkvenbm. km[m-c-W-bmbn apkvenbm- ap--h-sc-smv Zpcm-Nm-c- \S-npw. Fnv
Ah-cn \npw Xobpw ssIa-Spw HXp--emWv ]Xnhv. Cu ]Xnhn\v Hc-]-hm-Z-am-bn-cpp A_vZp-d-lvam apkvenbm. Rm Amev ]e {]mhiyw ChnsS aueq-Zn `mK-`m-m-bn-pv. aueo-Zn
At-l-ns k{-Zmbw \mp-\-S-n \npw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cpp. t\cs CimAv \a-kvImcw \Spw. Fm-hpw `Ww
\Ipw. tijw aueqZv ]mcm-bWw XpSpw. \mn-sems aueoZn\p tij-amWv `Ww hnf-m-dp-Xv.
\_nbpsS t]cn ]e PmXn aueo-Zp-I-fpv. Hmtcmpw amdnamdn HmXpw. As\ kabw ZoLn-npw. \_nsb {]k-hnp Fp ]d-b-s-Sp kp_vln-bpsS Aev]w apv hsc Hmv \on Fnpw. Fnv Fm-hcpw Fgp-tv \nv "AivdJ' sNmpw. tijw ZpB Ccv ]ncnbpw. Chn-sSbpw Fs a\-n Hcp tX.
abpw \psS \mSp-ambn cc aWn-q kab hyXym-k-ap-sv Rm tIn-pv. Atm \_nsb {]k-hn ka-b-sa--W-san kqtcym-Z-b-n\p tijw ]nsbpw Ipsd kabw Ign-bWw.
Atm Cu Ai-dJ sNm bYm-k-a-b--tm \S-p-Xv.
Cu kwibw Rm kl-]m-Tn-I-tfmSv ]dp. ""]lbm,- an.
aqcv sNp--Xn\v \ Xw ]d-bm ]mSptm?'' CXm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS {]Xn-I-cWw. Rm ]dp:- ""a\-n-semcp kwi-b-apmbn, \n-tfm-SXv kzIm-cy-n ]dp. A{X-am{Xw.''

30

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kwi-b- Hn\p ]ndsI asm-mbn hp-sIm-n-cn-p-IbmWv.

^Xvlp apCu HmXp Imew. ssk\p-o aJvZq-ans {Kam-WXv. \psS \mn im^nCu aZvl-_p-Im {]mam-Wn-I-ambn
Icp-Xp Hcp I-imkv{X {Kw. ASp Imev ae-bm-f-n
CXn\p ]cn-`mj Dmn. ]cn-`m-jv t]cv sImSp-Xv, "CkvemwaX \nb-a-kw-lnX'- Fm-bn-cpp. hfsc AXncv Ihn-n-emWv
{]km-[-I sNbvXXv. "im^nCu aZvl_v \nba kwlnX'- FXmWv bmYmyw. ImcWw Ckvem-anI \nb-a-kw-ln-Xv hncp-amb ]e-Xpw CXn-epv. Aap-kvenw-In-S-bn Ckvem-ans\ hnIe-ambn [cn-m Cu t]cv sh CS-bmpw. Hcp DZm-l-cWw
]dbmw. `mcyv tcmKw hm NnIn-n-m `m-hn\v _m[y-Xbn t]m! `mcy-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm- Ahsf Iqn-sm-p-t]mbn
th- NnIn \Sn kpJ-s-Spn `m-hn\v D]-tbm-Kn-m
X-hw Xncn-t]n--W-sa-mWv ^Xvlp apCu-\nse hn[n!
\mWw-sI, acym-Z-bn-m h-am\w ! Hcp Aapkvenw CXp hmbnm Abm-fpsS a\-n hcp [mcW Fsv Duln-m-atm.
Ckvemw-aX \nb-a-kw-lnX Ft Ch t]cn-n-cn-p-Xv. GsXmw \nev Ckvem-ans\ t{Zmln-m Ign-bptam, AsXms AIp--h Xs thp-thmfw sNp-pv. Rm Cu {Kw
HmXp Imev Hcm-i-b-p-gw a\-n apgn. \a-kvIm-c-n
\npw kemw ]d-m Camw m\w-hnv Fgp-t AXn-]pWy-am-sWv ]d-bp `mKw DkvXmZv sNmn-p. Ipdp Ign-tm \a-kvImc ka-b-ambn. Camw DkvXmZv Xs. kemw ]d
tijw \mn-se-mSpw kpn ]n-I-fn Ip-h-cp--Xp-t]mse
Cam-amb Fs DkvXmZpw sNbvXp. Atlw ]IpXn Xncn-n-cpp.
Dds ZpB Ccp. CS-nsS izmk-X-Sw sImtm atm \npw. Atm ap--h Dds Bao Fp sNmpw!
Rm BsI t_Pm-dmbn. Ipdv apt kemw ]d-m Camw
Xm\w hnp-am-d-W-sav DkvXmZv Xs HmXn ]Tn-n-Xv! AXv
NqSm-dp--Xn\p apv Atlw Cs\ ]c-ky-ambn FXncv sNpItbm! am{X-a, Cu InXm-_n Cs\ hn[n D Imcyw DkvXmZn\v apv Xs Adn-bp--Xm-Wtm. ]s, DkvXm-Z-m-scmw ]Tn-Xn\pw ]Tn-n-p--Xn\pw FXn-cm-Wtm {]hn-p-Xv? CsX-

31

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sm-c-{Iaw?
kl-]m-Tn-I-tfmSv Rm CtX-p-dnv tNmZnp. Atmgpw adp-]Sn
ap-t-Xp-Xs. ]lbm an! CXv Fs Hcp kwi-b-at Fp Rm ]dp. Atm Ah-scs `b-s-Spn. CsXms
hlm-_n-I-fpsS Ipcp-w-sI tNmZy--fmWv. A-s\-sb-n
Ah-cm-Wtm t\amK-n. am{X-a, kemw honb tijw AhcpsS Camw Fgp-tp amdp--Xns\ \ in-bmbn Bt-]np-Ibpw sNpp. CsX-n\v? D-c-an. a\v IqSp-X Akz-ambn. ]Tn-p-Xpw ]Tn-n-p--h BN-cn-p-Xpw Xn
Hcp _-hp-an. A-s\-bm-sW-n HmXn-tbmXn Imew Ign-n-sn\v? aXw ]Tn-p-Xv CXn-\mtWm? cm]-I Nn-Xs. DkvXmZn-t\mSv Xs tNmZnv Hcp hnj-b-n-se-nepw kwib \nhm-cWw
hcp-Ww. Adn-hns Zmlw `bs Iogvs-Sp-p-I-bm-bn-cpp.
hfsc Btem-Nnv tNmZn-m Hcp hnjbw sXc-s-Spp.
As\ Hcp Znhkw "DkvXmtZ' _lp-am-\-]qw hnfnp. ""aplvbn-o ssiJns\ hnfnp tXSp-Ibpw ssiJn\v t\-bm-p-Xpw
\ icn-sh-p-p-tm. Fm Kpcp-hm-bq-c-s\ hnfn-p-Xpw t\-bm-p-Xpw FXnpp. Fm-Wn-Xns hyXymkw?''
DkvXmZv tIm]-tmsS Ipsd No ]dp. Rm hn\-b-]qw
]dp. Rm tNmZn-Xv Ahn-S-tv CjvS-s-n-sv a\-n-embn. ]s, Fs kwibw Xon. hXpw ]d-p-X-m henb D]-Im-c-amWv.
DkvXmZv tZjy-tmsS ]dp. ""FSm lapt! aplvbn-o
ssiJv Am-lp-hn\v {]nb-s--h-\m-sWpw Kpcp-hm-bq-c- shdp-s--h-\m-sWpw \n\--dn-p-IqtS''? DSs\ Rm tNmZnp:""Am-lp-hn\v {]nb-s--h-tcmSv \app tXSmw. CXm-Wt \psS
akv-Ae.- Fn \{km-Wn-I Cukm-\-_nsb hnfnp tXSp-Xv
\-sf-n\v FXnWw?''DkvXmZv tZjyw-sImv hnd-p-I-bmWv. ""FSm Ipcp-w-sI--ht\ \o C{X sNdp--nte Xe-Xn-cn-p-t]m-btm'' Fv Bt{Iminp. Xe-Xn-cn--X. Xncn-p-t]mb Xe t\sc-bmbn hcn-I-bmWv
Fv ]d-bm a\-n hp. ]s, t{Im[w \nd B apJw
Iv t]Snv hndp Rm ]nhmn. Hcp ]--c-am-at Rm
]d-Xv? ]Icw Inn-bXv im]tIm]t{Im[-fpw!

32

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xncp-h-\--]pcw Pn-bns] hma-\-]p-cv,- Bdp-ssa Ingp ]pen-m-d-bn 21 hbv {]mb-n Hcp \_n-Zn\ kt-f-\n Rm Hcp {]kw-KI-\m-tI-n-hp. Hcp \n_ kml-N-cyn-em-bn-cpp AXv. B {]kw-K-amWv ]mXn-cm-hns bma--
]nnp `bm-\-I-amb Iqcn-cp-n GI-\mbn IpSpw-_hpw shSnv
HmtSn hXv. {]kw-Ks XpSp-mb kw`-h- A-dn-bptm- \mw ChnsS \nsms Hcp-]mSv aptmv t]msb-m-iz-knp--h-cp-mIpw. Rm\pw A-s\-bm-bn-cpp. Fm Cu ASp-Im-ev Adn Hcp kw`hw Cu Bizm-k-n\v a-ep-mn. A-c-hn-tcm-[n-I-fmb ]gb ]utcm-ln-Xy-n\pw `uXn-I-hn-Zym`ym-k-ns KpW-K-W- {]Ion-p Ah-cpsS ]pXnb Xeap-dbvpw CS-bn Zi-I--fpsS A-c-ap-mbn. ]s, apc-Sn
A-hn-izm-k-n\v am-ap-m-bn. Av Rm A\p-`-hn ]oU-\ `bm-\-I-ambn tXmn-tbmw. Fm Cm-es Nne-cpsS
A\p-`-h- tIv Rm\pw Xcn-p-t]mbn!Fs a-fn Bdm-a ap_m-dIv CsX-gp-Xp-tm A_q--Z_nbnse knhn tImS-Xn-bn DtZym-K--\mWv. 93 Unkw-_-dn Ah \mn h-tm ]d Hcp kw`hw Fs AXy-[nIw thZ-\nn-p-Ibpw Ap-X-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AX-dn-bp-tm \nfpw Cu thZ-\-I-fn ]p-tN-cm-Xn-cn-p-I-bn. a\p-jyXzw \in-m-h-cn AXp-mIpw.
ap_m-d-n-t\m-sSmv A_q-Z-_n-bn Xma-khpw \ khp-ap-m-bn-cp Hcp bphmhv.- ae-pdw Pn-m-c.- ISp kpn
IpSpw-_-nse AwKw. Im-]pcw apkvenbm-cpsS injy-\m-bn-cpp.
hnhm-ln-X. ]eXpw tIv ]Tn-m\pw Nnn-m\pw A_q-Z-_n-bnse-nb tijw kzX{ kml-N-cy-ap-m-b-tm B bphm-hns
a\-ns\ s]mXn-n-cp Jpdm-^m-ns Ccpv Ipsd-si-bmbn
\on. Xulo-Zns shfnw AXn ISp. Abm \mn-tev
hcm ASp--tm apPm-lnZv kplr-p--fpsS kw \mn
e`n--W-sav Binp. A_q-Z_n-bn-ep Ckvemlo kplr-p-fn-eqsS ]cn-N-b-ap-mn. As\ Ctlw \mn-se-ntbm
F-dn-bm Ah Hp-cp XhW hon At\z-jnp sNp.
hon sN sNdp--m apPm-lnZp {]m\ {]h-I-cm-sWv
]nXmhv Xncn--dn--tXmsS kwi-bhpw thh-em-Xn-bp-ambn. \psS

33

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kplrv hon-sen. ]nXmhv aIs\ cl-ky-ambn hon-p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. XuloZp kw_--amb Nne eLp-te-J-Ifpw Imk-p-Ifpw
apw _mKn \npw Is-Spp. AtXmsS B a\p-jys ka-\ne
sXn. aIs\ {Iqc-ambn anp. Abm kXyw Xpdp ]d--tXmsS a\w Cc-np. ]nXmhpw _p-fpw tNp ]nSn-p-sIn Pon-enp. tImgn-tmSv amhq tdmUn-ep Im-]p-c-ns akv
sImm-c-n-tev sImp-t]mbn. t\cs _-sv kabw \n-bn-n-p t]mm-bn-cpp AXv. hgn-\osf CS-nsS ]pXn-b-Xn
\npw ]nm-dm I]n-epw hnk--Xn-p-tm an-epw XpSp. As\ aI-kn-sen. alm apkvenbm Chsc Imn-cnp-p-m-bn-cpp. bphm-hns\ tNmZyw sNbvXp. `oj-Wn-s-Spn.
Xs Xulo-Zn-ep hnizmkw Abm apkvenbm-cpsS apn \ntmNw shfn-s-Spn. bphmhv Nne tNmZy- apkvenbm-cpsS
t\pw hn-tm tZjyw-sImv {`m-\mb ]nXmhv Ahn-sS-bnv
aIs\ Xn. Atm Rm Ch-t\mSv X\nsb kwkm-cnmw Fv
ap-kv-en-bm- ]dp ap--hsc apdn-bn \nsm-gn-hmn. X{-]qw D]-tZ-in-p. KpWa-n-sv a\-n-em-b-tm `oj-Wn-s-Spn.
Xulo-Zns {]`-bm Xnf-nb B bph lrZbw "AlZv!'- F _nem-ens a{-[z-\n-I tIn-cnmw. Abm ]dp:- F\n-ss-nepw A]-ISw kw`-hn-m apkven-bm-cm-bn-cnpw D-c-hmZ-n.
ChnsS \npw c-s-m BZys Fs tPmen AXm-bn-cnpw.
A-tm alm apkvenbm-cpsS sskn-fn \nv hoW Nncn Rm
Duln-pp. ASn-b-n-cm-h Imev tImgn-tmSv Ipn-n-d-bn
\S {]kn-hpw KpW-k-q-hp-amb hmZ{]Xn-hmZ thZn-bn
Cu apkvenbm Hcp Imc-W-hp-an-msX CS-nsS Nncn-p-sIm-n-cp-tm {]Kiqc-\mb F.]n. A_vZp JmZn auehn, apkv-enbm-cpsS Xev kt`m-Nn-X-amb Hcp Ingpv sImSpp. ""ssk-nfn \nv hoW Nncn.'' hfn Nncn, Nnb Nncn Fsms {]m-tZin--I-amb \mS ssien-I-fp-tm. ]s, F.]nbpsS Cu {]-tbmKw ]noSv {]mkw-Kn-Icpw Fgp-p-Imcpw ]Ip Hcp ckn-I
ssien-bmbn `hnp.
apkvenbm Xs sskn Nncn-bp-ambn apdnv ]pdv Imp\n ]nXm-hn-s\bpw _p--sfbpw hnfnp. im-ambn D]-tZ-inp. \n t_Pm-dm-tI. Ah icn-bm-bn-smpw. apkvenbm

34

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Imcy-ambn a{n-qXn aIs _emAv apkzo-_-n\v ASw \Inbn-cn-p-sa Bizm-k-n Ah-s\bpw sImv aSn. hgn-aty
IqsS-bp--h-cpsS ASw ]d-n-en \npw bphmhv A]-ISw aW-dnp. aS hnk-bp Xs ]mkvt]mpw Snpw \in-n-emWv Ch-cpsS m. Atm Ah\v Hcp X{w tXmn. hgn-bn-emWv Abm-fpsS `mcym-Krlw.- AXym-h-iy-ambn Ahn-sS-sbm-n-d-Ww, \msf cmhnse hon-tev Fn-smmw Fv A\p-\-b-n ]dp. A\p-hmZw hmn hn-bn \nn-dn. DS Xs
asmcp SmIvkn Imdn Ah-cpsS Ip-sh-nv AXn-thKw hon-sen ]mkvt]mpw Sn-p-sa-Spv `mcym-Kr-l-n-tev ]mem-b\w
sNbvXp. ]nXmhpw Iqcpw CS-s-hn-sStbm Xn kmh-[m\w honsen s]n ]cn-tim-[n--tm-gmWv Aafn ]n-sbv a\-n-em-bXv.
bphmhv `mcy-ho-n IqSn Ah-[nv tijw K^n-tev aS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahn-sS-sb-nb tij-amWv X\n-t ]oU-\-ns
IY kplr-p--tfmSv ]d-Xv. am{X-a, kzw ssI-S-bn Atlw Cu kw`hw hni-Z-ambn F\nv Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. FgpXm-\p ]cn-N-b-p-dhpw `mjm-]-c-amb {]bm-k-fpw B \o
In {]I-S-am-bn-cpp. AXp-sIm-mWv kw`-h-ns kwn]vX cq]w am{Xw Rm ChnsS Ipdn-Xv. ]q hnizm-kn-Ipw
BZy-Ime Ckvemlo {]h-Ipw Gt-n-h {Iqc-amb
a-\-ap-d-Ifpw {]Xn-Imc at\m-K-Xnbpw \nc-h[n am-v hnt[-bamb Cu ]ptcm-K-a-\-Im-epw \mn \S-am-Sp-pv. XymK-ns
amp-c k`-sf AXn-Po-hn B kXy-hn-izm-knv, Am-lpth ! Cl-nepw ]c-nepw A\p-{Klw \tI-Wta. kzKw Atl-n\v HuZm-cy-ambn \Ip-Ibpw sNt-Wta!
shfn-b-tmSv P\np hfv Ahn-sS-s ]T\w \S-n-bncp Rm Adp-]Xv hjw apv tIc-f-ns sXt-b-v Hcp
{]kw-K-I-\mbn Fn-b-sX-s\ Fv Nne-sc-nepw Btem-Nn-m hI-bpv. am{X-a, IpSpw_w Dt]-nv HmSn Fm-Wtm Rm ]d-Xv. ]pen-m-d-bn IpSpw-_tam?!
bm{Xm kuI-cy--fpsS Zue-`-yw. bmYm-n-Xn-IX-b-psS aq
`m-h-ap Imew. Cy {_nojv B[n-]-Xy-n. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq
CXn-s]-Sm kzX{ cmPyw. \mp{]am-Wn-Iv Fsv {IqcX-bpw {]hn-m kzm[o-\-ap kml-Ncyw. kap-Zm-bs Zpcm-

35

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Nm-c- s]mXn-p-sh-n-cn-pp. Ccw {]Xn-Iqe kml-N-cyn- Hcp ] aueoZv tbmK-n lmP-cmbn AXn-s\-Xn-cn
{]kw-Kn-p-Itbm? kzm`m-hn-I-amb i-Xs.
]s, AsXmcp bYm kw`-h-amWv. F\n-n-Xn\v Al-Xbn-s-Xpw icn-bmWv. ]ns Fs\ Ahn-sS-sbn Fs?
]dbmw. Fs Hm-I-tfm-sSmv \nfpw Ipdv ]nd-tImv hcWw.
\mb--m-jvT-s IkvXq-cn-bmn amp al-mb Hcp sImp
kwkvI-cW ime-bn Rm sNp-s]p. Pohn-X-n Ctmfw
F\nv ssIh \-I-fn shv Ghpw al--c-ambn Cpw Rm Icp-Xp B sImp kw-kv-I-c-W-im-e-bnse _w hmp-I
sImv hc-m Ign-bp--X. B aln-Xm-e-b-n Rm Fns-Sm hgn-sX-fn-Xv IpSpw_w shfn-b-tmSv \npw ta ]dt-S-t-v Xmakw amn-bXv aqe-amWv. AXnpw Hcp X ImcW--ap-mbn.
F\nv cv Am-h-m-cp-m-bn-cpp. cmfpw anI apkvenbm-. apl-Zv apkvenbmcpw A_q-_- apkvenbmcpw. 1921se
ae-_m el-fv apv Xs Ccp-hcpw IWn-bm-]p-c-tv t]mbn.
Jo_pw apZcn-kp-am-cp-ambn tPmen t\mm. Ah-cpsS Kpcp-\mY Xm-c Ipymap apkvenbm Ab--Xm-bn-cpp. ae-_m elfp tijw ]noSv \mn-tev aSn hcm Dmlw \jvS-sp.
{_nojv ]mfw {]th-in-m CSw-tXSn ae-_m-dn \npw A`bmn-I-fmbn [mcmfw t] t]mbn-sm-n-cpp. CXp-I--tm
Am-h-m Xmakw IWn-bm-]p-cv Dd-np. Bbn-Sv Ah-cpsS
amXm-]n-Xm- ac-W-s--Xn-\m AXn\v IqSp-X kuI-cy-hp-ambn. cp-t]cpw B \mp-Imv {]nb-s--h-cmbn Ign-n-cpp.
Ah AhnsS hnhm-ln-X-cmbn. Xncp-hn-Xmw-IqIm-cmbn Fv kmcw.
Fnepw CS-nsS \mn hv IpSpw_ _w ]pen-bn-cpp.
F\nv {]mbw ]Xn-\mdp Ignp. _mmv {]tXyI tPmen
Hp-an. ktlm-Z-cn-I-tfbpw acp-a--tfbpw klm-bn-m Am-hm CSv hcp-am-bn-cpp. Ah hm Xncn-p-t]m-Ipw-hsc IpSpw_--fn s]cp-m-fmWv. Ah-cn-cp-hcpw D-tbmSpw _m-tbmSpw
kwkm-cnp. Xmakw IWn-bm-]p-c-tv amm Xocp-am-\np. shfnb-tm-Sp hoSpw ehpw hnv Atmv t]mbn. Acw Imcy-fn Hc-`n-{]mbw ]d-bm F\nv Av Al-X-bn. amXm-]n-Xm-

36

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xocp-am-\n-Xv AwKo-I-cn-p-Itb \nhr-n-bpq. Iptd Ignp Imcy-t_m-[-ns {]mb-am-b-tm Cu am-n F\nv

tJZw tXmn. aX-kvt\-l-a Cu am-ns Imc-W-sav t_m[yambn. aX-kvt\-ln-Iv hf-q-dp av ae-_m Xs-bm-sWv
]d-bp-tm Ftm-Smcpw ]cn-`-hn--cpXv. A\p-`h t_m[y-amb Hcp
Imcyw adbn-msX ]d-p-sh-t-bpq. Rm amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS
A\p-hmZw hmn ae-_m-dn-tev Xs t]mbn.- ]T-\-n-\mbn Xm\q, ]c--\-mSn, Ipa-c-\-q, tIm- XpSn ]e tI{--fn-epap ]n-Zkp-I-fn Rm ]Tn-n-pv. CSbvv hon hp
t]mIpw.
shq- _mJn-bmp kzmen-lmv F {]kn--amb tImtf-Pn tNp ]Tn-m ]ecpw Am-ev Fs t{]cn-np. Hcn- da-fm\v apv Zkv \nn-b-tm sh-q-cn t]mI-W-sa Bi-bn Rm hon sNp. ]t, IpSpw-_-nse Zpcn-X-]qamb nXn I-tm AXv thsv shp. AhnsS Hcp aZvd-kbn Aym-]-I-\mbn. ]t, a\v Fs AhnsS XpS-cm A\ph-Zn-n. Adn-hn-\p Zmlw Fs Ae-n-sm-n-cpp. Ipdv \mv tijw A\p-P skbv-Zns\ AhnsS ]I-c-amn Rm hopw
ew-hnp.
A\p-P skbv-Zn-s\-p-dnv Hmp-tm Rm hnIm-cm-[o-\\m-Ipp. \nv Hcp-]s Xm]-cy-ap-m-Ip-I-bn-s-nepw Ahs\ kvacn-p-sImv cp-hcn Fgp-XmsX Fs XqenI aptmp
t]mIp-n. tImgn-tmSv ]mfbw ]n-bn 80Ifn Ipsd-Imew
Cam-ambn tPmen-t\m-n-bn-cp \ov saen skbv-Zv aue-hnsb
\n-fn Nne-sc-nepw In-cnpw. Hmp-p-mIpw. tIc-f-ns \m\m `mK--fn \npw tImgn-tm-s-p apkvenw-I B
]n-bn Hcp-t\-c-sa-nepw Pam-A-n\v ]s-Sp-n-cnpw. \Kc
ay-n \mep-\n-e-I-fn Dbp \np ]mfbw aplvbn-o
akvPnZv Ckvemln {]m-\-ns A`n-am\ Nn-amWv.
hfsc kuay\pw im-io-e-\p-am-bn-cpp skbv-Zv. Bh-iy-n\v
InXm-t_m-Xn-bn-pv. kvIqfnepw AXym-hiyw ]Tnp. {]kw-K-I-\mbn-cp-n. Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-a. Hcp HXp-nb {]IrXw. Fnepw \
aph-lvln-Zm-bn-cpp. Fs ]np-Sv kXy-ho-Yn-bn-tev hcn-Ibm-Wp-m-bXv. ITn\ kpn-bm-bn-cp Am-h A_q-_-

37

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

apkvenbm-cpsS aI-sf-bmWv skbv-Zv hnhmlw sNbvXXv. apl-Zv

apkvenbm-cpsS aIsf ASpv \ncym-X-\mb Fs tPyjvT Aenbpw hnhmlw sNbvXp. IWn-bm-]p-c-t-p IpSn-tb--amWv Cu
_-v ImcWw. Am-h Fsbpw t\m-an-n-cp-p-sh-nepw Rm\-Xn \npw X{-]qw Hgnp.
1990 Pq amk-n-em-sW-mWv Hm. Rm bp.F.Cbn
Bbn-cpp. Hcp Znhkw dmkssJ-a-bn \psS BZi kplrp-v thn mk-p \S-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. \mn \nsmcp
hnfn. t^m Btcm FSpp. mk-n\p tij-amWv Iqp-Im hnhcw
]d-Xv. A\p-P tcmKw-aqew Kpcp-X-cm-h--bn-emWv. Fs
ImWm Bi {]I-Sn-n-pp. Hcp \nanjw t]mepw AhnsS \nm F\nv CjvS-an-m-Xmbn. Nnd-Ip-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Fv
shdpsX Rm tamln-p-t]mbn. A{X henb hnIm-c--. kplr-p--fpsS ITn\ {ia-m cm{Xn-Xs Xncp-h-\--]p-c-tp hnam-\-n kov Inn. Ap tImgn-tmSv kokv Bbnn. Xohn amKw \mn-sen. tcmKw ITn-\-amWv. Iymk hbn-emWv _m[n-n-cn-p-Xv. bq\m-\nbpw Atem--Xn-bp-sa-m-ambn Ign-bp-{X NnIn sNbvXp. ]s, \mp-\m nXn tami-ambn. Iymk A[n-I-]-hpw Ghpw Kpcp-X-c-amb Ah--bn-sep-tm-gm-Wtm ]pd-tv hnhcw XcnI. HSp-hn skbv-Zv Fs
hnp-t]mbn. hn[n-tbmSv a-cn-m BmWv Ign-bpI. alm-Im-cpWn-I-\mb dv Fs skbv-Zns ]c-temIw kpJ-I-c-am-s!
]n-Zkn Ign-p-Iq-Sp--Xn-\n-S-bn-emWv Rm ae-bmfw hmbnm\pw Fgp-Xm\pw ioen-Xv. Imbw-Ip-f-n-\-Spv Iocn-mSv tZiv DaIpn aue-hnsb Hcn-epw F\nv ad-m Ign-bn. Atlw Fs kl-]mTn am{X-a. Kpcp-\m-Y-\p-amWv. ae-bmfw ]Tn-n
Kpcp. BZyw Ad_nae-bm-f-n Acw FgpXpw. AXns Xm-sg
ae-bmf Acw hc-p-Im-Wnpw. As\ A-c- Hsmmbn ]dpw Fgp-Xnbpw ioenp. {ItaW sImp-sImp hmpI Iqn-hm-bn-p-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ip-I Fgp-Xm
ioenp. ]{Xw Ipsds hmbn-p-Xp-Sn. As\ ASn-sh--Sn-shv
aptmv ]Xps \Sp \on. sNdnb teJ-\- FgpXn. eLpte-J-I Hmtcm-mbn {]kn-o-I-cnp. ]pkvX-I- Xm-dmn.
{]q^vdo-Unv ]Tnp. amkn-I-bpsS ]n-j-dmbn. ]{Xm-[n-]-cmbn.

38

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

As\ t\cs ]d ]n.kn. IS-ep-n-sb-tm-ep `mjm-\n-]pWcpw aX-\n-tj-[n-I-fp-am-b-h-cp-ambn Fgp-p-Ifpw kwhm-Z-fpw

\S-t-n-hp. CsXmpw Fs Ign-hmbn Hcn-epw tXmn-bnn. Am-lp-hns A\p-{Klw!- Ahs ImcpWyw!- Amlp a\n\v \Inb ss[cyhpw B-hn-izm-khpw \nanw Rm Azm\np. kZv^ew e`np. k-kvXp-Xn-bp-sSbpw {]iw-k-I-fp-sSbpw
DS-b-h dm-Ipp!- dn\v k-kvXp-Xnbpw!Fs DkvXmZpw B kplr-p-amb Da-Ipn auehn Cu temIw hnp-t]mbn. Amlp At-l-n\p s]mdp-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw
IcpW sNmcn-bp-Ibpw sNs. Atlw kpn-bm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw
Ab-hp--h-\m-bn-cpp. FtmSv Fpw kvt\l-n Xs hnp. CSv R kn-p-am-bn-cpp. Imbw-Ipfw Iocn-mSv
Zkn Atlw apZcn-km-bn-cp Imev Hcn- Rm AhnsS
sNp. At-l-ns Bh-iy-{]-Imcw Ipsd Bfp-Isf Iqn XPvhoZv mk-v \Sn. lnkv_v HmXpI FmWv AXn\v ]d-bmdv. JpB HmXp--Xn\v Nne \nb-a-fpw N--fp-apv. AXv icnpw ]men-p-sImv HmXWw. Cu mn ]s-Sp Ipsd injy-m
F\nv Dm-bn-cpp. Bscm-s-sbv icnv Hmn-p-n.
Ah-cn Hcm Imbw-Ip-fv {][m\ ke^n {]h-I-\m-bn-op. A_vZp JmZn kmln_v. Hcp F.]n. kvIq amt\-P-dm-bncpp. \nc-cw _-s-Sp-Ibpw Xn ImWp-Ibpw Ip-I
ssIam-dp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cpp. ASp-nsS ac-W-sp. Atl-ns aI\pw ke^n {]h-I-\mWv. Hp-cp {]mhiyw
XncqmSv hcn-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw Ipsd t\mo-kp-Ifpw eLp-te-JIfpw sImp-t]m-Ip-I-bp-ap-mbn. _m-bpsS kz`mhw Xs. A_vZpJm-Zn kmln_pw C-s\-bm-bn-cpp. Fs t\mo-kp-Ifpw
eLp-te-J-Ifpw sIn-sm-p-t]mIpw. bm{X sNp-t-S-smw
AXv hnX-cWw sNpw. k-cn-p {]t_m-[-I! Amlp Atl-ns ]c-temIw shfn--amn sImSp-s.
Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm-\-bpsS amt\-P-dmbn Rm Iptd-mew
tPmen-t\m-n-bn-pv. Asm-cn- Fs kl-]m-Tnbpw Kpcp-hpamb DaIpn auehn Fs ImWm hp. Xs aI-\p-thn Fs-smv Hcp ip]mi \S-n-m-\m-bn-cpp. aI Ad-_nv
apjn ]co Fgp-Xn-bn-pv. Icp-hn apl-Zv aue-hn-tbmSv aI-

39

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\p-thn Rm ip]mi ]d-b-W-sa-m-bn-cpp Fs kplr-ns B{Klw. XnIpw Ahn-ln-X-amb Imcyw! Rm AXv sNp-Ibn-sv ]d-m \-h-\mb Fs kplrv ZpxJnpw. Nne-tm ]nW-n-sbpw hcmw. bYmY-n Atm ZpJn-X-\m-bXv
Rm\m-bn-cpp. HSp-hn hfsc \b-]-c-ambn \ hmv ]dp Hcphn-[-n Rm c-sp.
Xm\q (ae-pdw Pn) hen-b-Ip-f-c ]n--Spv Clvbm-D
Deqw aZvdk.- Cs ]e Ad-_n-tm-f-Pp-I-tf-m henb \nebn {]hn-n-cp Zkv. Rm Ipsd-\m AhnsS hnZymnbm-bn-cpp. ]n--cn-In Dm-bn-cp Hcp sIn-S-n-emWv mkv
\S-n-bn-cp-Xv. {]kn kpn ]WvUn-X\pw \ {]kw-KI-\p-ambn-cp ]mn Alva-ZvIpn apkvenbm Cu ]T-\-tI-{-ns
m]-I\pw {][m\ Npa-X-e-m-c-\p-am-bn-cpp. Fp-hj-tmfw
Atlw AhnsS tkh-\-a-\p-jvTnp. ae-_m-dn ]cs Adn-b-s
{]i-kvX-\m-bn-cpp Atlw. tIc-f-n Xs As {]mamWn-I-cmb apkvenbm--fpsS ap\n-c-bn \nn-cp Hcm.
Atlw hnZymn-Iv {]kwK ]cn-io-e-\-n\v GmSv
sNbvXn-cpp. AhnsS hnZymn kam-P-ns Iogn \-Sp-h-ncp {]kwK mk-p-I-fn Rm\pw ]s-Sp-p-am-bn-cpp. ]{X-hm-b\pw Atlw kuI-cy-tas-Spn. Cu cp Imcy-nepw Xm]-cy-ap-m-bn-cp F\nv \smcp am\-knI hnIm-k-n\v Cu
ZkvPohnXw If-sam-cpn.
hnZymn kam-P-nse {]kwKN-I-fnse apJy hnjbw
hlm-_n-k-am-bn-cpp. hlm-_n-I-sf Hcp ]pXnb hn`mKw DS-se-Spn-p-spw Ckvem-ans\ XIp-Ibpw \in-n-p-I-bp-amWv
Ch-cpsS apJyey-sapw ]ecpw DWn-sm-n-cpp. kap-Zmb-n Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn \ne-\n-p-h-cp apgp-h BNm-c-pw
FXn-cm-Wo-q-. ImImc-W-h-m-scbpw alm-m--sfbpw Huenbm--sfbpw ]cn-l-kn-p-Ibpw \nn-p-Ibpw sNp Cu hKns m]I t\Xmhv "\PvZnse ssiXzm'- Fv Ben-ao-
hn[n-sb-gp-Xnb apl-Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm_v F alm ZpjvS\m-sWpw kam-P-nse {]kw-K--fn-eqsS kZm tIp-sIm-ncpp. hlm_n {]m-\-ns tIc-f-nse Xe-h sI.Fw.
auehn F t]cn-ep Hcm-fm-sWv Rm Adn-n-cpp. Dkv-

40

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

XmZv Xs Hcn- sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS t] ]dp eAv\v

(im]- {]m\) sNmp-Xv Rm tIp.
apl-Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm-_n-s\-p-dnv ]d-p-]-c-nb
Imcy- ] \pW-bm-sWv Nne ]cn-tim-[-\-I-fn \npw F\nv t_m[y-ambn. Fp-tI-mepw ASn hngp-p A-amb A\pI-cW kz`mhw sNdpw apXt F\n-p-m-bn-cp-n. ]Tn-np- Imcy-v FXn-cn Aym-]-I {]hn-p-Xpw kaqls AXn\v t{]cn-n-p-Xpw ]e-tmgpw Fs Akz--\mn-bn-cpp. AXp-sIm-m-bn-cnmw tIp-Xv A-s\-Xs
hngp-m a\v k-Xn-n-cp-n.
hlm-_n-k-ns thc-d-p-p Hcp {K-s-p-dnv mn
shp-tIp. AXns Im-hmb "alm' ]WvUn-Xs\ BImiw aps hmgvp-Xpw tIp. knZv AlvaZv ssk\o-Z-lvem Bbn-cpp B ]WvUn-X. "ap^vXn-m-^n-C--n-_n-a' (a-bnse im^nCu aZvl-_ns ap^vXn) "Ap-d-dp--\n ^n dn Ae hlm_n'- F {K-amWv hlm-_n-k-ns \s-sm-Sn-m Fm
Imepw kpn apkvenbm- D]-tbm-Kn-m-dp-Xv. kpn-I-fpsS
Ghpw BZ-c-Wo-b-\mb t\Xm-hmbn Cpw Zlvem hmgv-s-Sppv. ]s, Fp-sImtm Zlvems t]cn Pmdtam Ddqtkm
aueotZm Dm-bn! kpn ]mc--cy-n CsXm-c-Xn-i-b-amWv.
Cu {Kw BZy-ambn hmbn--tm hlm-_n-I-sf-p-dnv hfsc
tami-amb ImgvN-m-SmWv a\-n Dudn-q-Sn-bXv. Ckvem-an-s\-Xncn Cd-n-p-d-s At-bw Zpjn hK-am-Wn-h Fp tXmn-tmbn.
a\v Cs\ N-e-am-bn-sm-n-cn-pp. bYm Adnhv
C\nbpw e`n-n-n F tXm.- sI.Fw. aue-hn-sb hlm-_nq-s\ Hp t\cn ImWWw F tamlhpw a\-n samnp.
AsXmcp AS-m Zml-ambn hfp. Fs\ ImWpw? Xncq-cm-Sn-bn t]mIWw. AXn\v A\p-hmZw Inp {]iv\-ta-bn. tNmZn-msX t]mbn hnhcw ]pd-m-bm IY Ign-Xp Xs!A-s\-bn-cn-s-bmWv Hcp hm! Xe-t-cn-bnse apkvenw entd- skmsskn F Hcp kwLw sI.Fw. koXn kmln-_ns
t\-Xr-Xz-n Hcp Jp-B ]cn-`mj A-Snv ]pd-n-d-n-bn-cn-pp. sI.Fw. auehn, Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam auehn, ]n.sI.

41

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

aqk auehn Fo hlm_n t\Xm- tNv Xm-dm-nb ]cn`mj. AXv ]pd-p-h-cm t]mIpp F {]N-cWw h-tXmsS
Ckvem-ans\ XIm-\p henb Hcp {ia-am-W-sXv apkvenbm-fpsS {]N-c-Whpw XpSn. Xncq Pam-en {]n-emWv CXv A-SnXv.
F\nv Fs-n-m Hcp-mlw. GXp-\n-e-bnepw Adnhv hn-n--W-sa Zml-am-Wn-Xn\v Imc-W-am-bXv. As\ Rm JpB ]cn-`m-j-bpsS Hcp tImn hmn. AXp-ambn aZvd-k-bn hp.
Aym-]I hnZymn t`Z-at\y kI-ecpw tNv Fs ITn-\-ambn iIm-cnp. aZvd-k-bn \npw Fs ]pd--m Ah Hcpw
Iqn. Rm icnpw H-bmbn. BsI hnj-a-n-embn. kl-]m-Tn-Ifn \npw D]-{Zhw Ak-ly-ambn. Aym-]-I AXn\v Xmpw
XWepw \In. DkvXmZv ]mn Al--ZvIpn apkvenbm en. hon t]mbn-cn-p-I-bmWv. Atlw hcm Ah Imncpp.
Rm hfsc Btem-Nnp. Hcp X{w {]tbm-Kn-p-t\mmw. ^ens-n Bbn. Rm ]mn DkvXm-Zns hon sNp. At-ltmSv ]dp,- hlm-_n-I-fpsS Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-sb-p-dnv \ ]d Bt-]- ]cn-tim-[np Dd-n-m\pw IqSp-X inbmbn AXn-s\-Xnsc {]hn-m\pw Dt-in-mWv Rm Hcp tImn hmn-bXv. Ctm Fm-hcpw tNv DkvXmZv h-bp-S Fs ]pd-m-m Hcp-n-bn-cn-p-I-bmWv. X{w Ipdn-p-sImp.
Atlw Fs Biz-kn-np. \o t]Sn-m, Rm t\mn-smmw Fp ]dp.
ASp kam-P-ns tbmKw tNcp-I-bmWv. F\nv Hcm-temN\! Cu ]cn-`mj hmm Fm-h-tcbpw t{]cn-n-Ww.- AXn-s\p hgn? thsdmcp kq{Xw Hcp-n-shp. kam-P-tbm-K-n Rm
kwkm-cnp. hlm_n ]cn-`mj XS-b-W-sav \psS _lp-am-\-s
Fm Ben-ao-fpw ]d-n-p-tm. B Imcy-n Ign-bp-Xv
sN-W-sav Rm\pw Binp. ]cn-`m-j-bpsS tImn Dbn ImWn-p-sImv Rm ]dp, CXm Hcp tImn XS-p-sh-m
F\nv Ignp. IqSp-X Ign-hn. \n Hmtcm-cp-cpw IqSp-X hmn {]N-cWw A-n XS-bpI. AXmWv \psS ISa
Fv Rm Icp-Xpp. kwKXn tPmdmbn. ]pd-m--ep-m-bn.

42

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fs kq{Xw ^enp. Bscms tImn hmn F-dn-bm Rm

{ian-n. cwKw im-am-pI,- inm-\-S-]-Sn-bn \npw ap-\m-IpI,- AXm-bn-cpp B{Klw. AXv t\Sn.
sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_ns\ ImWWw. Cu tamlw \mp-\m
Gdn-hp. Hcp Znhkw Zkn \npw Ftm Hcm-hiyw ]dp
]pd-p-t]m-Im A\p-hmZw hmn. Xncq-c-m-Sn-bnse henb PpamAv ]n-bpsS ASpv Rm Fn. Xm\q-cn shv ]cn-N-bap Hcp henb apkvenbm B ]n-bn Dm-bn-cpp. t]cv Hmp-n. Atlw Fs Ip. hnhcw Xncn. Ifhp ]d-bm
Atm tXmn-bn. sI.Fw. aue-hnsb ImWm h-Xm-sWv
]d--tm apkvenbm-cn \npw Hcp \o s\Sp-hov! Hcn-epw t]mI-cpXv Fp hnen. ]ngp \in-p-t]mIpw Fv `b-sSpn. KXy--c-an-msX Rm aSn.
icocw aS-n-sb-nepw a\v aptmv Xs. Fs \nb-{n-m F\nv km[y-am-Ip-n. Ipsd Znh-k-v tijw Rm \Sp. Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn-te-p hgn-bn-tev. CSv ]cn-N-b-ap--hsc
ImWm-Xn-cn-tW Fm-bn-cpp tXw. `mKyw! Bscbpw In.
e-sn. Ingt Am-Sn-bnse \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bn
Fn.- ky Ignp. 1941 HSp-hn-emWv Cu kw`hw FmWv Fs _e-amb Hm. amkhpw Xn-Xnbpw adp.
AsXmcp ]T\ tI{-am-bn-cpp. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS tat\m-n-emWv. ]pfn- kztZin Dss_-Zp aue-hn-sb-bmWv BZyw
IXv. Atlw aZvd-k-bnse {][m\ Aym-]-I-\mWv. Rm kemw ]dp. CsX-n-s\mcp B\-m-cy-ambn ]d-bpp F tXm \nv Dm-tbmw. AsX, Fs bm{Xm-\p-`-h--fnse
At\Iw B\-m-cy--fn Hm-WnXv. hlm-_n-Iv kemw ]db-cp-sX-mWv Fs Dd hnizmkw. A-s\-bm-Wtm ]Tn-n-n-cnp-Xv. Rm AXn \npw Cf-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp. hlm-_n-Ip Fs BZys kemw! Fs Npp-I hnd-pthm? Hmbn. Hm-I-fn Fspw ambmsX \np kemw! Fm
CsXm-cm-\-m-cy-at?
Dss_-Zp aue-hn-bp-ambn Ipsd t\cw kwkm-cnp. sI.Fw. auehn kmln_v e-pv. Cim \a-kvImc tijw aZvd-k-bn
hcpw F-tlw ]dp. Iq-n AhnsS \S-p-sIm-n-cn-p

43

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hcp ]cn-]m-Sn-sb-p-dnpw ]dp. Ipdv Znh-k--fmbn ChnsS Hcp

]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS ss{S\nv \S-pp. kn.]n. Ipp-sam-bvXo auehn (Xr-\n), hn.Fw. aplvbn-oIpn auehn (B\-a-mSv), sI.sI.Fw. Pam-ep-o auehn (hS-Ic), sambvXoIpn auehn (hSIc) Fo \mep ]Wv-Un-X-m amdn amdn {]kw-Kn-pp. sI.Fw.
auehn CsXmw icnv hon-p-Ibpw Bh-iy-amb D]-tZ-i-\nt-i- \Ip-Ibpw sNpp.
Fs ktm-j-`-cn-X-amb Ah A-c-hn-Zy-sImv {]I-Sn-nm NmXp-cy-an-m--Xn ZpxJn-pp. sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_ns\ t\cn ImWm-\p \nan-j- Fn-op-I-bm-bn-cpp
Rm. apJm-apJw ImWp B A\L \nan-js Ipfna-bpsS
`mh-\-bn Rm ]Sp-p-bn. kpn IpSpw-_-n P\np,aJm-ans Xmgn-I-pSw Ip hfp,- dmo_v aueo-Zp-I-fn
]s-Spv cpNn-I-c-ambn `pPnp, Zkp-I-fn InXm-t_mXn, hlm_n-Is-Xnsc im]-hm-p-I sNmcn-bp Kpcp--m-tcmSpw kl]m-Tn-I-tfm-Sp-samw Pohn Rm Fhn-sS-bm-Wn-tm Fn-s-ncn-p-Xv? Bsc-bmWv BImw--tbmsS Imn-cn-p-Xv? FmWv ChnsS Rm tIm t]mIp-Xv? Fs a\v In Dcp-IpI-bmtWm AtXm XWpv L\o-`-hn-p-I-bmtWm? Hpw ]d-bm
Ign-bp-n. hlm-_n-I-fpsS bYm \ne Ipw tIpw a\-n-emm-\p Ghpw \smcp k`w ssIh--Xn dns\ kvXpXnp.
Cim \a-kvImc tijw sI.Fw. auehn kmln_v Fn!- Fs
`mh-\-bn Icp-n-Sn-n-cp cq]-a Rm IXv. XmSnbpw Xe-mhp-an-m {Iqc-\mb Hcp Im^n-dns apJ-amWv a\-n \nd-n-cnp-Xv. ]s, \o XmSnbpw Xe-m-hp-ap `n-kz-cq]w. BIj-I-amb Kmw`o-cy-ap apJw. hn\bw, im-`mhw, kvt\l-a-kr-Wamb t\mw. Rm Ap-X-sp!- AXp-hsc Rm `mh-\-bn Incp cq]-`m-h-v t\sc hncpw! Dss_-Zp auehn Fs ]cnN-b-s-Spn. sImp-\m Ip ]cn-N-b-ap kvt\l-em-f-\-tbmsS
Fs ssI]n-Snp. B cwKw Hmp-tm-sgms Rm Icbpw. Fs Pohn-X-n\v ]pXnb Ahpw `mhhpw \Inb, At\Iw
Ccp-fp-I-fpsS A-X-bn \npw Fs shfn--n-tev B\-bn B ssI Atbm-Ky-X-bmbpw Zp-e-X-sImpw hnd-p Fs

44

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ssI-S-n-t hm-ey-tmsS ]n-n-Sn-n-cp B A\L

\nanjw! CsX-gp-Xp-tmgpw B cwKw Fs tImcn--cn-n-pp!{]mkw-KI-cmb ]WvUn-X-mcpw hsn. Fs Ahv ]cnN-b-s-Spn. Ah-tcm-sSmw B hnm\ kZ-n Rm Hcw-Kam-bn. {]kwKw tIpw ]Tnpw aqp Znhkw AhnsS Ign-p-Iqn.
Ah-tcm-sSmw Xma-knp. `Ww Ignp. aqmw Znhkw `mc-hmln-I IqSn-bn-cpp kwkm-cn-p-I-bmWv. Iq-n-ep-m-bn-cp
kn.Fv apl-Zv am (Xncq-c-m-Sn-bnse kn.Fv. apl-Zv B v
kkv F {]kn-o-I-cW ASn ime-bpsS DSa) tNmZnp. ChnsS Hcp bphm-hns\ ImWp-tm. Bcm-WXv? Rm Xs AXn-\pcw ]dp. \msf Hp {]kw-Kn-p-IqtS? ASp tNm-Zyw?
Rm {]-kw-K-I-\. Fnepw {ianmw Rm ]dp.
]ntv Rm {]kw-Knp. ""bm, Ap-l--Zo\ Ba\q-Jp-m-l
h Xfp \^vkp amJm--av enKZn-'' F-- Jp-B hN\w
HmXn hnh-cnp. Hcp In-tbbpw X-hn-j-b--tfbpw ]cm-ainm- s]mXp D]-tZiw. t{imXm-v lrZy-am-b-Xp-t]mse. Znhkhpw Ipsdsi- FtmSv kwkm-cn-m D]-tZ-inp. As\
sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_ns Biohm-Z-m Rm Ah-cpsS
Iq-n Hcp-h-\m-bn-op. B hnm\ kZv F\nv Hcp
Rmp-th-e-bmbn A\p-`-h-sp. hnj-b--sfmpw XmX-zn-I-ambpw
ASn-m-\-]-c-ambpw ]Tn-n-cp-n. hlm-_n-I Huen-bm--fpsS
Idm-a-p-I \ntj-[n-p--hcpw J_-dnse tNmtZym--c-
Xn--d-bp--h-cp-sam-s-bm-sWv Rm [cn-n-cpp. t\cnp Imcy- tIm\pw tNmZn-m\pw N sNm\pw Ah-kcw Inn-btXmsS AsXms shdpw sXn--cn-n--ep-I-fm-bn-cp-p-shv t_m[y-ambn. Ac \qm-n\p app \S-n-cp \pW {]Nm-cWw apkvenbm- Ctmgpw XpS-cp-I-bmWv.
Ipd-p-\m AhnsS Ign-p-Iq-Sm Bi. hlm-_n-I-sf-p-dnv
tI-sXms `b-c tZmj--fmWv. ]c-amw Adn-b-W-atm. Cu
Dtiyw a\-n shp-sImv "cnkm-e-p amd-Zo\n'- F InXm_v ]Tn-n-p-X-cm sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_n-t\mSv Rm At]-np. Jn_ve-bpsS Znv a\-n-em-m-\p ]T-\-amWv AXns DSw. GXm\pw Znh-k-sImv AXv ]qn-bmmw. Cu hnjb-n auehn kmln_v tIc-f-n {]K--\m-bn-cpp. Fm

45

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F\n--Xn henb Xm]-cy-an-m-bn-cpp. ]n-bp-m-p-tm

Jn_ve icn-s-Sp- Bh-iy-amWv F-msX Hmtcm Xh-Wbpw
\a-kvI-cn-m InXm-_n ]d {]Im-c-sams t\mt--Xps hnizmkw F\n-n. Rm\nXv ]Tn-m B{Klw {]I-Sn-nXv Ipd-p-Zn-hkw AhnsS Xm\pw hlm-_n-Isf icn-smv
ASp--dn-bm-\p-am-bn-cpp.
hnZymnbpw {]kw-K-I-\p-ambn Rm AhnsS Ignp. ap
\mep {]kw-K-Icpw {]mbw-sImv Ft-m aq-h-cmWv. hnj-b t\cs ]Tn--dn--hcpw. kap-Zm-b-n hp-IqSn \ne-bp-dn H-\-h[n ]p BNm-c--fn ka-{K-amb Hcp s]mfn-s-gpv Bh-iy-amWv. Jp-B-\n\pw kp-n\pw tbmPn \ne-bn
hnizm-km-Nm-c- ]p\x-m-]n-p--Xn-m-h-iy-amb t_m[-h-XvIcWw \S-p-Ibpw thWw. sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_ns kmn-[yn R Ap-t]cpw Imcy- ]Tn-p-Ibpw N sNp-Ibpw ]Xn-hmbn. Ahn-Nm-cn-X-ambn e`n Akp-e-`m-h-kcw!
hSs ae-_m-dnse ]uc-ap-Jy\pw {]apJ [\m-Vy\pw kap-Zmb
kvt\ln-bp-am-bn-cp F.sI. Ipn-am-bn lmPn-bpsS Bh-iy-{]Imcw sI.Fw. auehn kmln_v {]t_m-[-Isc ]cn-io-en-n-p-I-bmbn-cpp. CXns apgp-h sNe-hp-Ifpw lmPn-km-ln_v Gp-Ibp-mbn. GXm\pw Znh-k- ]nn--tm-gmWv CXv F\nv a\n-em-bXv. auehn kmln_v Xs Hcp Znhkw FtmSv ]d--XmWnXv.
\mep {]kw-K-Isc {]t_m-[\ cwK-tv Cd-p-I-bmWv. AXnsem-cm-fmbn \nsbpw FSp-m Fs kvt\ln-X-m ]d-bpp.
F\npw Xm]-cy-apv. s]s-smcp Znhkw Fs hnfnv auehn kmln_v C{]-Imcw ]dp. \ns F Atlw kwt_m-[\ sNbvXXv. \n F ]Z-amWv Cu sImp ]\p t\sc alm\mb kmXzn-I D]-tbm-Kn-Xv. GXp -{]mbw Ipd--h-t\bpw Atlw A-s\tb kwt_m-[\ sNm-dp-m-bn-cp-p-q-shv Rm
]noSv a\-n-emn. B hn\bw At-l-ns kmwkvIm-cnI Hu-Xy-n\v aIpSw Nmp--Xm-bn-cpp. Acw Hcp kwt_m-[\v GXp \nepw Rm Al-\-s-Xp sImv Xs CsX-gpXp-tm F\nv Al-X-s- -{]-tbm-Kta tNn-pq. AtX
F\nv km[y-amIq.

46

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sI.Fw. auehn AhI-sf-p-dnv F\nv Adn-bm-hp Imcy Fgp-Xp-I-bm-sW-n Hcp henb {Kw AXn-\p-thn am{Xambn cNn-t-n-hcpw. AXpw aXn-bm-Ip-sap tXmp-n. X-mew cp-aqp hmN-I--fn Rm HXpmw. Cu ZoL-amb PohnX-bm-{X-bn Hcp-]mSv a\p-jysc Rm Ip. ]cn-N-b-sp. ASp-nS-]-gIn. IpSpw-_-m, kmaq-lnI {]ap-J, k-, `c-Wm-[n-]-m,
hyh-km-bn-Ifpw hym]m-cn-Ifpw, {]mkw-Kn-I, Fg-p-p-Im-,- D-tZym-Kta-[m-hn-I, CS--c-m, km[m-cW sXmgn-em-fn-I, Zcn-{Z- kztZipw hntZ-i-p-ambn ]cn-N-b-sp. As\ FmSpw A\p-`-h! Fm Rm CXp-hsc In-p--Xn shv G-hpw \
a\p-jy Bcm-sWv \n tNmZn-p--]w \nw-i-bw, \ntmNw Rm ]dbpw,- kam-Z-c-Wo-b-\mb sI.Fw. auehn!auehn kmln_v {]kw-K-Imcyw Fs Adn-bn--tm Rm
]d-p: ""\mep-t] Chn-sS-bp-tm. Ah-cn-sem-cmsf Hgn-hm-n-bmtWm Fs \n-bn-p-Xv? Fn-eXv th. Ftm-SmWv As\ sNp--sX-n F\n-s{X k-S-ap-mIpw'' Atm Atlw
]d-bp-I-bmWv,- Ah-cn-sem-cm-fpsS kwkm-c-n teiw sIm-n-p
(hnv)-v. \psS Hcp {]Nm-cW kwcw`w F \ne-bn t{imXmv AXv Atcm-N-I-am-Ip-sav Fm-hcpw ]d-bpp. ]I-cw \ns Inn-b-Xn Fm-hpw ktm-j-amWv. \o AXv k-Xn-pn-s-n thsd Hcmsf t\mt-n-hcpw.
C{X-tmfw ]d--tm Rm k-Xnp. t{imXm--fn \npw bmsXmcp {]Xn-^-ehpw hm-cpXv. `-W-n\v Bsc-nepw
Wn-m kzoI-cnmw. Hm^o-kn \np \nt-i-{]-Imcw
{]hn-Ww. CXmWv \n_-\. As\ Rm hSt ae-_mdnse hlm-_n-I-fpsS ap_-nKv ({]t_m-[-I) Bbn cwKv hp.
\mbv-m-jvT-am-bn-cp Rm IkvXq-cn-bmbn ]cn-hn--s A\p-`qXn!- Pohn-X-nse AXn-hn-in-jvT-amb Hc-\p-`hw. Rm Hcp a\pjy-\mbn cq]m--c-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp!- alm-\mb sI.Fw. auehn
kmln-_ns tat\m--n Ncn-{X-{]-kn--amb Xncq-c-m-Sn-bnse
B kwkvI-cW ime Fs Rm\mn amn!]WvUn-X-{]-K-cpw anI hmKvan-I-fp-am-bn-cpp Xr-\n kn.]n.
Ipn-sam-bvXo auehn, sI.sI.Fw. Pam-ep-o auehn, B\-amSv sambvXoIpn auehn Fn-h. Ah-tcm-sSmv Ffn-b-h-

47

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\mb Rm\pw \nb-an--sp. ApXw! Ccp-]nHc cq]-bmWv

Hmtcm-cp-pw ifw. Av AsXmcp henb kwJy-bmWv. 1941
BWv Ime-Lw. Ipd-p-Imew Cu \ne-bn {]hnp. CS-nsS
R \mep-t]cpw Ipn-am-bn lmPn-bpsS _wm-hn HptNcpw. hnj-b- N sNbvXp ]cn-]m-Sn-I \n-bnv ]ncnbpw.
Ap-mb Hcp kw`hw Ctm Hmpp. Xe-t-cnv Ingv aq ASpv ]mtdmd F ev Rm Fn. AhnsS PpapA
Cm-bn-cpp. AXm\pw Znhkw Rm AhnsS {]kw-Knp. alp
\nhm-kn-Isf PpapA XpS-m t{]cn-np. Bh-iy-IX t_m[y-sSpn. DNn-X-amb Hcp ew Isn Hcp sjUv \nnp. PpapA XpSn. Rm Xs DZvLm-S-I. JpXz-v_-bpsS ka-b-san.
A-tm Hcp {]iv\w. aB-ind hnfn-m Bfn-tm! JXz-o_v andn Ib-dp--Xn\v apv Hcm ac-ns hm In-se-Spv Ad-_nbn \on henv Iptd ]dbpw. tijw Jo_v Abm-fn \npw
hm Gp-hmn an-dn Ibdpw. Ckvemw hmsImv m]n-Xm-sW aqV hnizm-k-ns Nn-amWs{X- Cu Zpcm-Nmcw. ]
\p-W-bm-WnXv. {]hm-N-Is \S-]-Sn-bn Cs\ Hcm-Nm-c-ap-m-bn-n. \_n Aq-dn ]cw PpapA \S-n-b-Xmbn a\-n-em-Ipp.
H-scm Xh-W-t]mepw Cu aB-id hnfn Dm-bn-n. \psS \mn-em-Is Cu Zpcm-Nm-c-an-msX Hscm Ppap-Abpw \S-m-dp-an. Fsm-cp
ZpxJ-I-c-amb sshcpyw!
aB-ind hnfn-m Bfn-m--Xn Akz-X ]q-hsc Rm kam-[m-\n-np. AX{X {]m[m-\y-ap--X F-hsc [cn-n-psImv JpXz-v-_ XpSn. ae-bm-f-n {]kw-Knp. \a-kvImcw Ignp. Hcp X-hp-ap-m-bn. Fm-hpw Xr]vXn. Fm ASp al-p-I-fnse apkvenbm--fpsS sNhn-bn hm-sbn. Ah
]mp-hp. aB-ind hnfn-msX PpapA JpXz-v_tbm?! hlm-_nk-ns XpSw C-s\-bmWv. Hsm-mbn Ah Cm-Xmpw.
apkvenbm- Cs\ ]d-p-sImv _lfw shp. Bfp-I hnj-a-n-embn. \psS \mn im^nCu aZvl-_nse {][m-\-s
InXm-_m-Wtm ^Xvlp apCu. AXn aB-ind hnfn ]d-n-ntm. ]ns Fn-\n-hnsS ^nXv\ Dm-pp Fv ]dv Rm apkvenbm-sf FXn-cnp. Bfp-Iv kwKXn t_m[y-am-sbv
a\-n-em-b-tXmsS apkvenbm- kq{X-n ew-hnp. Cs

48

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kJm-^n-I-tf-mfpw ss^kn-I-sf-mfpw F{Xtbm sa-s--h-cm-bncpp Ah. AtXmsS AhnsS PpapA nc-sp.

Ipdp amk-v tijw Ipn-am-bn lmPn Cu ]cn-]mSn
\nn. ImcWw Fm-sWv Adn-n. ]noSv AXv XpS-cm
Rv kz-ambn km-nI tijn Cm-bn-cpp. Fm
Cu X_veoKv hfsc ^ew sNbvXp.- Iptd-bn-S--fn BZi {]N-cWw Fm\pw Iptd-bm-fp-I t_m[-h-XvI-cn--s-Sm\pw CXv ImcW-ambn.- lmPn kmln-_n\v Amlp al-mb {]Xn-^ew \-Ipam-dm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

2
I ^XvhI
- !
]dp h-tm Imcy-s Hcp kwKXn hnp-t]mbn. ]mn
Alva-ZvIpn apkvenbm-cpsS Zkn HmXn-sm-n-cp Ime-mWtm Xulo-Zns {]`-bm {]tim-`n-X-\m-bn-cp sI.Fw. auehn
AhI-fpsS al-mb injy-Xz-n Rm sNp s]Xv. Fs
Kpcp-\m-Y ]mn apkvenbm-tcmSv BZy-sams F\nv _lp-am\-am-bn-cpp. ]WvUn-X\pw _pn-im-en-bp-am-bn-cpp Atlw. ka-\mb Aym-]-I\pw. Rm Am-ev At-l-ns Fgp-pIm-c-\m-bn-cpp. Fs AXn\p sXc-s-Sp-m cp Imc-W-fp-mbn. InXm_v t\mn ]d-bm ap hnZymn-I-sf-m Rm
sa-am-sW [mcW At-l-n-\p-m-bn-cpp. asmv Fs Ad_nae-bmf I-cw \ hrn-bm-bn-cpp. Asms ]mn
DkvXm-Zn-s-b-Sp- hnhn[ hnj-b--fn ^Xvh (aX-hn[n) tXSn
]te-S-p-\npw Bfp-I hcp-am-bn-cpp. ^Xvh Xm-dm-p A-tl-ns coXn DkvXm-Zn-t\mSv am\-kn-I-amb shdp-p-m-Ip-hm-\pw
AXv hn-p-hm\pw CS-bmn. AsX--s\-bm-sW-t?- ]dbmw.
al-p-I Xn hgv, aZvdkm In-n-bnse tNcn-tmcv, Xdhmp-Im Xn-ep Ah-Imi Xw C-c-n-ep {]iv\--fm-bncnpw A[n-Ihpw.- Iq _pn-I t\cs DkvXm-Zns\ hp ImWpw. X-\p-Iq-e-amb hn[n km-Zn-m hcp--h ssI\n-dsb ]e-lm-c-s-p-Ifpw ]W-n-gn-bp-am-bmWv FpI. Ah Bh-

49

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

iyw ]dbpw. AXv km[q-I-cn----hw ^Xvh thWw. Rm\m-Wtm Fgp-p-Im-c. tNmZyw DkvXmZv Xs Dmn ]d-p-Xcpw.
Dcw Xm-dm-m InXm-_p-I Fs sImv hmbn-npw. InXm-_p-I-fn Hcp hnjbw {]Xn-]m-Zn-p-tm sXfn-hp-I \nc-nbpw {K-Im-cs bpn]q-amb ka-\-nepw hnjbw ZrVam-pI am{X-a, XZvhn-j-b-ambn hn-p `nm-`n-{]m-b-fpw {]Xn-] acymZ F \ne-bn tNn-cnpw. ]Tn-Xm-v hnj-bns ka-{K-amb A`n-{]mb sshhn-[y--tfm-sSmw {K-Im-cs
ZrV-amb \ne-]mSpw sXfn-hp-Ifpw e`n-p-Ibpw sNpw. Cs\
hfsc hnkvX-cn-p cN\mcoXn-bmWv ]gb InXm-_p-I-fn s]mXpsh ImWm Ign-bpI.
Fs DkvXmZv ]e-tmgpw {K-Im-cs A`n-{]m-b-a sXcs-Sp-m-dp-Xv. ]mcn-tXm-jn-I--fp-a-mbn hcp--h-cpsS Bh-iysf _e-s-Sp-m ]p A`n-{]m-b-amWv AXn \npw sXcs-Sp-pI. {K-Im-c Zp-e-am-sWv hy-am-n-bh. AXn\p ]nb hmN-I- sXc-Spv Fs-smv Fgp-Xnpw. tijw {K-ns t]cv, t]Pv, \ Fnh tcJ-s-Spn Atlw
Hnv sImSppw. alm-\mb {K-Im-cs t]cn ap--h-cpsS hmtdm-e-I ^Xvh-bmn cq]m--co-I-cnpw. hnZ-Kv[-amb An-adn!lo\-amb Agn-aXn! Bh-iy-mv Xr]vXn! DkvXm-Zn\v Ingnbpw
s]mXnbpw!!
DkvXm-Zn-s\-p-dnv- a\-n aXnv Ipdp hp. henb _eqWn Hcp kpjncw hoW-t]mse. a\-ns X Ak-ly-am-btm Hcn- Rm tNmZnp. apkz-n^v ({K-Im-c) _e-s-Spn ]d A`n-{]mbw at-Xm-Wtm. Atm FXn]--ns
hmZw \mw Fs\ sXfn-hmbn D-cnpw? ]mn DkvXmZv Cujy-X-tbmsS {]Xn-I-cnpw. ""anm-Xn-cn-stSm. Ctm Bhiyw
C-Xt. Cu A`n-{]mbw AXn-en-m-bn-cp-s-n Ahm-h-iyap ^Xvh sImSp-m Ign-bp-am-bn-cptm?'' sXfn-bnp ]dm ssI-qen hmn I ^Xvh sImSp-! Cu A\p-`-h-
]mp-am-bp _w Ab-p-t]m-Im Imc-W-ambn.
asmcp kw`hw: Ctm apPm-lnZv cwKv tim`np \np
]WvUn-X\pw {]`m-j-I\pw am-n-f- I-hn-bpw- Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-amb
A_vZpdlow Ipym-Snsb an-hcpw Adn-bp-atm. At-l-ns

50

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]nXmhv Fw. A_vZp--pn auehn Xm-dm-nb Hcp eLp-teJ

]pdv h-tXmsS kp-o ]WvUnX hw Cf-In-h-im-bn. apdn-hn
apf-Ivs]mSn tX \o-. kpn-I-fpsS ISp in hmZ-sf
shn \nc-p Hcp IrXn. XuloZpw _nZv-Apw F t]cn
cNn ]Xn-s\mv tNm-Zy-fpw Ah-bvp adp-]-Sn-bp-amWv eLpte-J-bnse D-Sw. AXn\v X-Xmb adp-]Sn ]pd-n-d--W-sav
kpn-I-fn ]cs Bh-iy-ap-bp.
]mn apkvenbm-cpsS t\XrXzw. Iqmfn In-bv AlvaZv
apkvenbm. Ct-ls ]pXnb Xe-apd Adn-bp-atm. kakvX tI-cf PwC--p De-a-bpsS {]kn-U-m-bn-cns ASp--Im-e-mWv
Atlw \ncym-X-\m-bXv. ""dCukq apl-Jn-Jn'' (hnj-b- `wKn-bmbpw hkvXp\njvT-ambpw Bg-nepw {]Xn-]m-Zn-m Ign-hp-h-cpsS t\Xmhv) F _lp-a-Xn-t-cn-emWv A\p-bm-bn-I Atls hmgvn-bn-cp-Xv. Ch-cpsS Fgp-p-Im-c Av Rm Xs-bm-bn-cpp. ]pdsa \npw iey-fpw CS-s]-S-ep-Ifpw Cm-Xn-cnm R aqp-t]cpw apdn-bn AS-n-cp-mWv adp-]Sn Xm-dmn-bXv. Ipsd Znh-k- As\ IqSn. kap-Zm-b-n thcp-dv
]Sv ]-e-np \nn-cp inns hnizm-k-,- AXn \np-hn Zpcm-Nm-c- Fnh kaq-l-ns B{K-l-n-s\m--hw m]n-p-sIm-Sp-m-\p "hl' Xm-dm-p-I-bm-bn-cpp Cu
AS-p-]qn Ccp-n Dt-in-Xv. "dCu-kp apl-Jn-Jo' F A-{]-am-ZnXz- \maw Atlw Aln-p--Xm-bn-cp-pthm? \nv
hnSpp.
Fm Pohn-X-Im-ep Xs kzw A\p-bm-bn-I-fn \npw
ISp am\-knI ]oU-\-n\v Atlw Cc-bmbn. \n`mKyw!- kpn-In-S-bn Dmb alm ]nfv! Im-]pcw apkvenbm-cpsS
t\Xr-Xz-n Hcp hn`mKw ka-kvX-bn \npw ]pd-m--s-Sp-Itbm ]pdv t]mIp-Itbm sNbvXp. BZi-]-c-a-m Nne `uXnI
Imcy--fmWv ]nfn\v Imc-W-am-bXv. inv _nZv-A-p-I hf-p--Xnepw Dd-n-p--Xnepw BcmWv h-m F hmin-bmWv
Ccp hn`m-K-n-sbpw {]NcW {]h-\--fn s\Sp-\ofw ImWp-Xv. Fnpw kJm^n ss^kn-am cq-amb Bt-]--fpsS Akv{X- ]c-kv]cw FbvXp-sIm-n-cpp. B hmZ tImem-le-pw Btcm-]W {]Xym-tcm-]-W-p-an-S-bn dCu-kp

51

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

apl-Jn-Jo-\mbn hmgv-s-- htbm-hr- In-bv apkv-en-bm

t]mepw Hgn-hm--s-n. \mSp-\osf thZn-I-sfm-cpn At-l-s
_lp-am-\n \mhp-I Xs lo\-amb hmp-I Fdnp Bt]np! ]pnp! DvNmv F {]tbmKw t]mepw At-l-n-s\-Xncn \nbpw acym-Z-bp-an-m A\p-bmbnhrw sXmSp-p-hnp.
AXnZb-\obw! alm \n`mKyw!! In-b-n-s\-p-dnv F-\n-p
A`n-{]mbw Atlw Zkn ]Tn-n-p-hm Gsd Ign-hp- Aym]-I-\m-bn-cpp Fp am{X-amWv. bYmhpw Al-hp-amb {]Xn^-e-ns tI{-n-tev Atlw bm{X-bmbn.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

3
hw auehn
sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_ns\ t\cn Ip kwkm-cn-m-\p
tamlw AXym-{K-l-am-bn-o-Xn\v Nne ]m--e--fpv. alm
]WvUn-X\pw ]cn-jvIm-hp-amb hw apl-Zv A_vZp JmZn
aue-hn-bpsS Nne ]cn-`mjm {K- hmbn-m CS-bm-bXv AXn {][m-\-amWv.
hw aue-hn-sb-p-dn-tmp-tm a\pw icochpw tImcn-cn-pp. 1932 HIvtSm-_ amk-n B alm-\p-`m-h Cu temIw hnp-t]mbn. Pohn-X
- n At-ls Hcp t\mv ImWm `mKyw
e`n-m--h-\mWv Rm. Fnepw Fs bm{Xm hoYn-bnse {][m\ Ih-e-bn hw auehn sXfn-p-\npp. Atlw ]c-temI {]m]vX-\m-Ip-tm F\nv ]Xn-s\m-v- hb-m-bn-cnpw. hopw
cp hj-n\p tij-amWv alm-\-hIsf Rm IXv! dmo_ns k`-bn sambvenbm-amv aplvbn-o ssiJv lmP-cm-Ip-Xp t]msetbm X_veoKv Pam-A-p-Im-cpsS hmtdme IrXn-I-fn
ImWp kz]v\-Zi\w t]msetbm A Cu ImW.
At-l-ns A\p-K-r-lo-X-amb Xqen-I-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv Rm IXv. AXn-eqsS Rm B henb a\p-jys\ Ip. alm-c-Y-m-cmb
sI.Fw. auehn, sI.Fw. koXn-km-ln_v, C. sambvXp auehn, C.sI. auehn XpS-n-b-hsc I-ho-Yn-bn-tev \bn,- Ahv
ss[cyhpw Bth-ihpw ]I Cu ]S-\m-bI
- A-Im-cm-hr-Xa
- mb

52

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fs Cfw a\-n-tepw tSmv annp. hnm-\-ho-Yn-bn aptmv Kan-m-\p shfnw! Fs _lp-am\y kplrv kn.Fv.
apl-Zv tImb kmln_v Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-t]mse ""aue-hn-bp-sS PohnXw
Hcp Ime-L--ns Ncn-{X-amWv. Hcp kap-Zm-b-ns Ncn-{X-amWv.
tZiob Ncn-{X-n Pmz-e-am-\-ambn {]ti-m-`n-p Hc-ym-bamWv''-.tIcf apkvenw sFIy-kw-Lw, tIcf PwC--p Dea Fo
kwL-S-\-I tIc-f-nse ke^o- {]h-\-n\v ka-{K-amb
kw`m-h-\-I Anp. hw aue-hn-bpsS _pnbpw ]Iz-amb t\Xr-Xz-hp-amWv CXns ]nd-In ASn-m-\-]-c-ambn {]hn--sX Imcyw sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_n \npw ]noSv Rm Adnp. Hcp Ime-L--ns Kpcphpw amK-Zin-bp-am-bn-cpp At-lw.
alm-\mb tZim-`n-am-\nbpw \thm-m\ \mb-I-\p-amb hw auehnsb ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-m Nne hmN-I- Rm IS-sa-Sp-p-p.
tIc-f-ns kmlnXy kmwkvIm-cnI aWvU-e-nse \mb-I\pw tIkcn F A]-c-\m-a-n Adn-b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX F.
_me-Ir-jvW-]-n aue-hn-bpsS aI\pw {]kn kmln-Xy-Im-c-\p-ambn-cp hw A_vZp JmZn-dn\v Hcn- Ab Inse hcn-I
ChnsS ]Is.
""\n-fpsS hy-]n-Xmhv F\nv F{Xbpw {]nb-s Hcm-fm-bn-cpp. C{X [oc-\mb Hcp kap-Zm-bm-`n-am-\nbpw AXn-t\-m [oc-\mb Hcp tZim-`n-am-\nbpw Cu \mn Pohn-n-n-s kXyw \psS
I]S kmap-Zm-bnI tZiob `-m ASp-- Im-e-smpw a\-nem-m t]mIp-n. (D-cWw, hw auehn N.B.S)
{io\m-cm-bW Kpcp hw aue-hn-bpsS Bib kwhmZ kZ-nse
ncw kplr-m-bn-cpp. \nc--chpw ZrV-hp-amb Cu _w kzman-I-fpsS \thm-m\ Nn-I-fn Hsms kzm[o\w sNep-n-sbv At-l-ns ]cn-jvI-cW ap{Zm-hm-Iy- kqNn-n-pp. Hcp
ssZhw F Bibw Kpcp-hn Gsd sXfn-p-\n-n-cp-p-htm.
F-m At-l-ns A\p-bm-bn-I Cu al-mb Bi-b-n \npw _lp-Zqcw AI-p-t]mbn. Ah Kpcp-hns hn{K-l-
m]n-p-Ibpw Ahsb ]qPn-p-Ibpw sNpp. Ncn-{X-ns
Zb-\o-b-amb Bh\w! tbiphpw {io_p-\pw Bcm-[\m aqn-I-fm-b-Xp-t]mse.

53

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hnhn[ `mj-I-fn ]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp hw auehn kmln_v.

temI {]ikvX Ckvem-anI ]WvUn-X\pw "Xlvko-dp a\m' F
hniz-hn-{ipX Jp-B hymJym\ {K-ns cN-bn-Xm-hp-amb
"knZv di-oZv cnf'-bpsS Aa-\m F {]kn Ad_n amknI
tIc-f-n\v ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-bXv hw aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. sI.Fw.
aue-hnv Aa-\m-dp-ambn _-s-Sm-\p Ah-kcw e`n-Xv Cu
\ne-m-bn-cp-p-shv Atlw FtmSv ]d-n-pv.
t]jy `mj-bnepw hw auehn AKm[ ]mWvUnXyw t\Snbn-cpp. Camw Kmen ^mcn-kn-bn cNn "Ioam-bm-tb kBZm'
F alm {Kw auehn ae-bm-f-n-tev XP-a sNbvXv Ad_n
ae-bmf en]n-bn A-Snv ]pd-n-dn. Rm B {K-s-pdnv Adn-bp-Xv Fs ae-bmf Kpcphpw kl-]m-Tn-bp-amb DaIpn
aue-hn-bn \nmWv. Atlw t{]cn-np. Rm XpSn.- Fs
DkvXmZv ]mn apkvenbm-cpsS {i-bn CXp ]Xnp. Atlw imknp. ""Hmtlm CXmtWm \o hmbn-p-Xv,- th.-'' Rm
`hy-X-tbmsS ImcWw tNmZnp. CXp hmbn-m hlm-_n-bmbn-ocpw Fm-bn-cpp adp-]Sn. CXn hlm-_n-v Hpw ImWp-n-tm Fp Rm ]d--tm DkvXm-Zns {]Xn-I-cWw hnNn-{X-ambn-cpp. ""CXv hmbn-m Cu ]cn-`m-j-Is ap IrXn-Ifpw hmbnm Dmlw hcpw. AsXm-sbpw hlm-_n--mWv. am{X-a,
kzX-{-ambn Nnn-m Cu {Kw \ns \n_-npw. kzX{ Nn hgn-tI-Sn-em-p-Ibpw sNpw''-.
C-s\-sbms DkvXmZv ]d--tm ]--c-amn-bmb Rm icnpw t]Snp. hmb\ \nn.- Fnepw hnm-\-{]-Z-amb B
{K-ns KpWhpw hw aue-hn-bpsS `mjm-co-Xnbpw Fs a\ns\ kzm[o-\n-p-I-gn-n-cpp Fp Rm Adnp. lrZy-amb
Bkzm-Z\w Fs a\-ns\ aptmp Xn. hmb\ hopw XpSn. HSp-hn DkvXmZv `b-s-Sp-n-bXp Xs kw`-hnp. aue-hnbpsS IrXn-I hmbn-m-\p AXypkmlw Dmbn. Bmhv
Zmlnp. Ama knZv kpsse-am \Zvhn Fgp-Xn-bXpw hw auehn hnh\w sNbvX-Xp-amb "Alvep-p-n h Pam-Av'
F kp{]-[m\ {K-amWv ASp--Xmbn km-Zn-Xv. AXpw Ad_n ae-bmfw Xs. Av apkvenw kap-Zmbw Ad_n ae-bm-f-ns he-b-n-em-bn-cp-p-htm. AXn-\m B[p-\nI hnZym-`ym-k-

54

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n\pw aX-hn-m\ km-Z-\-n\pw Dmlw ]I-cm Ad_n

ae-bmf en]nsb Xs auehn am[y-a-am-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv.
"Alvep-kp-v...'- hmbnp Xop. Fs a-\msI amdn adnp. Hcp ]pXnb a\p-jy-\m-Im,- kaq-l-n B- \nebn- {]Xy-s-Sm, Rm Adn-Xv Fs kap-Zm-b-s Adn-bn-m
sImXnp. shdpw sImXn-b,- Bn-]q sImXn. B Dan-\ocv
\pW-n-d-p-tm-gmWv aue-hn-bpsS Xs kzw IrXn-bmb
"fuD--_mlv' F Ad_n ae-bmf {Kw Inn-bXv. Ckvem-anI
hnm\ hoYn-bnse alm {]Xn-`-I-fmb ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssX-an, apl-Zv_v\p A_vZn hlm_v Fn-hsc kw_-nv
apkvenbm- {]N-cn-n \oNhpw hnIr-X-hp-amb Zpcm-tcm-]-W-v Imcy-Im-c-W-k-lnXw adp-]Sn \Ip {K-am-bn-cpp AXv.
CtXmsS Fs a\v Fn \npw IpX-dn-mSn. Zkn \npw
hnv sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_ns\ ImWWw Fp Xs-bmbn Nn. sI.Fw. auehn kpn apkvenbmn-S-bn Hcp kPoh Nbmbn--gn-n-cpp. hlm_n, ]ng-n-p--h, ]p Iqp-Im-cp-sS
t\Xmhv As\ ]eXpw. Cu tIhnbpw B hmb-\-bp-samw IqSnbmWv Fs Xncq-c-mSn \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bn Fn-Xv.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

4
auenZv tbmK-n
sI.Fw. auehn AhI-fpsS injy-Xz-n Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn
Ign-p-Iq-Sp-tm Infn-am-\q-cn \nsm-cm apdw Pmd-n
t\ hoSm hp. Rm hlm_n he-b-n-em-sWv Abm
aW--dnp. Abm Fs Ip. Ipsd D]-tZ-inp. sI.Fw. aue-hnsb Ipsd ZqjWw ]dp. ]ns Cu ]ng Iq-n \npw
tamNn-n-m-\p hy{KX. Rm B a\p-jys\ cp Znhkw F-tm-sSmv Ign-bm Wnp. ""\n Cu ]d--sXms icn
Xstbm Fp t_m[y-s-Sm-atm'' Rm ]dp. knwl-q-ntev Wn--s-Sp--Xp-t]mse t]Snv Abm AhnsS \npw
c-sp.
GXm\pw Znh-k- Ignp. _m-bpsS Hcp Iv Inn. ASn-

55

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

b-n-c-ambn hon FWw. Hpw a\-n-em-bn. Rm hon

Fn. F\nv hnhmlw Dd-n-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. B {]tZ-is [\ti-jn-bp Hcp IpSpw-_-n \nmWv. kpcn Xs. ]s,
Fgppw hmb-\bpw Adn-bn. F\nv ]nSn-n. amXm-]n-Xm-fpw
Am-h-mcpw tNv \n-bn--XmWv. Rm [-k--S-n-embn.
c-s-Sm Fp hgn? _msb Xr]vXn-s-Sp-Ww. hfsc Btem-Nn--tm Hcp amKw tXmn. Rm _m-tbmSv ]dp: Rm Zqsc e--fn t]mbn tPmen-t\m-p nXn-bn-em-Wtm
Ctm. hon-tev ]eXpw Fgp-tX-n-hcpw. AXp-t]mse ChnsS
\npw. ap--h Adn-tb--Xn-m, Hcn-epw Adn-bm ]mSn-m ]eXpw `mcym `m--mn-S-bn Dm-Ip-atm. Fgppw
hmb-\bpw Adn-bm Hcp s]m-bm AXv hnj-a-am-Ip-I-bnt.
_m ho-Sv- h-nvt]mbn Xma-knv ioe-an-m--Xp-sImv CsXmpw
Btem-Nn-n-p-m-hn. AXp-sImv Rm FmWv thXv?- _m Xocp-am-\n-pw-t]mse sNmw. teiw au\w. _m ]dp: ""tamt\,- Rm\n{X ISv Btem-Nn-n. AXp-sImv hmv ]dp.- \o
]d-Xv _pn-ap-p Imcy--fmWv. \apv CXv th. Rm
Ah-tcmSv Imcyw ]dbmw. \ns B{K-l-a-\p-k-cnv \apv thsd Btem-Nnmw''.AXv Iymk-embn. Rm c-sp. apdw Pmd-n h B
inns tImacw hon hv- Fs-p-dnv sImSp hnh-c-fmWv CXn-s\ms Imc-W-am-bXv. hop-Im-cpsS t_Pmdp Hgn-hm-m Ipsd Znhkw IpSpw-_-n Xs IqSm-sav Rm Xocp-am-\np. Hcp k^ amkw HSp-hn-em-bn-cpp CsXms.
d_o-D A ]ndp. \_nsb {]k-hn amkw. t]mtc ]qcw!
amkw Hp-ap-X ]{-v hsc AhnsS Hcp aX-{]-kwK ]c-c
Xocp-am-\n--sp. ]{mw XobXn hn]p-e-amb \_n-Zn-\m-tLm-jhpw. kt-f\ Znhkw hp. Fs Am-h\pw Kpcp-\m-Y-\p-amb
A_q-_- apkvenbm Ay-. kzmK-Xhpw Ay--{]-kwKhpw Ignp. tijw Hcp apkvenbm {]kw-Knp. AXv Ign-tm Ay- Fgp-tv ]dp: ""CXp-hsc \n Cn
hnj-b--sf-p-dnv hni-Zo-I-c-W- tItm. C\n auenZv HmXp-Xns ^fm-Cs\ (t{ijvT-X-I) Ipdnv Fs injy\pw acp-aI-\p-amb Da apkvenbm kwkm-cnpw.''-

56

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Rm sRn!- bmsXmcp ap-dn-bn-p-an-m-bn-cpp. Fs sXm

hcp. Btem-Nnp \nm t\c-an. t\cs Innb hnh-c-ns shfn--n Ch-scm-n sIWn-bm-Wn-sXv a\-n-embn. icnpw shn-em-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp Rm. Ipd \nan-j-sImv
Hcp-]mSv Imcy- Nnn-p-t]mbn. a\v F ApX {]Xn-`mkw
CXn\v klm-bn-pp. a\x-km-n-s-Xn-cn kwkm-cn-m kXyw
Ftm-sg-nepw ]pdv hcm-Xn-cn-n. Atm Im]Syw {]I-Sn-n-Xn tJZn-t-n-hcpw. hcpw-t]mse ImWmw Fp-dp. \nan-j-Iw Hcp-]mSv Imcy- a\-n Ib-dn-bn-dn. Xocp-am-\hpw
\Sp!
Rm tPn-sen. dns\ kvXpXnp. Ahs klmbw tXSn.
ss[cy-ambn XpSn. auenZv HmXp--Xns tZmj--sf-p-dn-mWv
Rm {]kw-Kn-Xv. Cu hnj-b-n \psS {]kw-K-Icpw Fgpp-Imcpw s]mXpsh Ah-ew-_n-p coXn F\nv lrZy-ambn
tXmn-bn-n. auen-Zns D-S--n-ep sXp-Ifpw tZmj--fpamWv A[n-Ihpw hnai\ hnt[-b-am-p-Xv. auenZv {]hm-N-I-N-cybn-ep--X-spw AXn-\m Zo\n ]pXn-b-sX \nev AXv ZpcmNm-c-am-sWpw hn-t--Xm-sWpw FSpp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNm-dpv. cpw icn-Xs. th-Xp-amWv.
]s, AXn-Kp-cp-X-c-amb asmcp Xm-znI hiw auenZv Ign-p-Xn-epv. AXm-bXv, krjvSn-I-fpsS Xr]vXn B{K-lnv \S-p
Hcp Bcm-[-\-bmWv auenZv. DZm-l-cWw aplvbn-o ssiJns s]mcpw tamlnv Bsc-nepw _Z auenZv HmXm-dptm? C, adnpw A-s\-Xs. BcpsS cbpw s]mcp--hp-amtWm HmXp-h\pw HmXn-p--h\pw Bin-p-Xv, Ah-cpsS t]cn \nn-Xamb auen-ZmWv AhnsS "Ign'-sSp-Xv. Cu Bibpw tamlhpw
AZr-iy-amb amK-n-eq-sS-bm-sW-Xv CXns Ig-mWv Xm\pw.
Atm ]Zy--fnepw {]m\m Io-\--fnepw tZmj-I-c-amb
bmsXmpw {]I-S-a-m aueoZv Bbm t]mepw AXv inns
\S-]-Sn -X-s-bmWv. Fp-sIm-s-m Am-lp-h-m-- krjvSnI-fpsS s]mcp-hpw cbpw Cn-p-sImv Hcp ]pWy-Iw
\njn--amWv. AXv inpw Ip^v-dp-amWv. JpXp-_n-v dmo-_n\p apv \S-p ]{v dIv-Av \a-kvImcw t]mepw Cu hIpn s]Sp--XmWv. Am-lphpw Ahs ZqX\pw Cs\ Hcp \a-

57

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kvImcw ]Tn-n-n-n. D]-tZ-in-n-p-an. aplvbn-o ssiJns s]mcpw Bin-p-sIm-m-b-Xn-\m B \a-kvImcw t]mepw inmbn-o-cp-sa--XmWv AXnZb-\o-b-amb Imcyw. Bb-Xn-\m tZmj-ap-amb auenZv F Hcp Imcyw C-Xs.
CsXms Fs {]kw-K-n Rm ]cm-ainp. km[m-c-Wm-cpsS {i IqSp-X ]Xn-bp--Xn\v thn aqkv auen-Zn \nv NneXv FSpv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""CX-I_vXp Ae JXzAv.... kn-Zo-ssJ-d-_o'' F ]Zy-amWv {][m-\-ambn Nqn-dXv. ""R-fpsS bP-am-\tc, {]hm-NI t{ijvTtc, Rm IW--v
]m]w sNbvXp-t]mbn. AtX-p-dnv Ahn-S-tmSv Rm\nXm k-Sw
]d-bpp.'' CXmWv B hcn-I-fpsS kmcw.
{]m\ Am-lp-hn-t\mSv am{Xta ]mSpq. AXmWv Ckvemw
Zo. an-Xc aX--fn \npw Ckvem-ans\ thXn-cn-p kp{][m\ hnj-bhpw CXv Xs. Cu hyXymkw aqkv auenZv "Ignp'sImp \mw Cm-Xm-pp. A]-I-S-I-c-amb {]hrn! A]-am-\-I-camb Ah! \n`m-Ky-I-c-amb nXn!
Fs As {]kwK NmXp-cy-ns ]cn-an-Xn-bn \npsImv ta]-d hnj-b- Rm hnh-cnp. Fs A\p-Iq-enp Hscm--bmt]mepw B kZ-n-en-sv F\nv Dd-m-bn-cpp. ]s, \ni-_vZhpw \n-e-hp-amb Hc-h! AXv D]-tbm-K-sSp-m-Xn-cn-p-Xv A--hy-amb A]-cm-[-am-bn-tm-Ip-sa tXm \nanw A\-c ^e--sf-p-dnv Rm Imcy-ambn Nnn-tX-bn. Rm hnizm-k-]-c-amb Hcp sshIm-cnI ASn-a--z-n-e-a-cpI-bm-bn-cp-p-shv ]epw tXmntbmw. A, XnIpw hnNm-c]-c-ambn Xs-bm-bn-cpp Fs {]hrn.
{]kwKw Rm Ah-km-\n-np. Ay- Fgp-tp. CSbvv
Hp ]d-tms. kap-Zm-bhpw ]WvUn-X-hK-hpw Gsd ]ptcm-K-anp-shv Icp-Xp Cm-ev t]mepw F\nv Cu Xc-n Hcp
{]kwKw ]qn-bm-m ]ptam? Ay--]-Z-n-en-cn-p ss^kn kJm-^n-am-cpsS BwKy-ns ^e-ambn P\w Fs IY Ahn-sS- sh-p-Xs Ignpw. cp hn`m-K-n\pw kzX-{-ambn Ah-ch-cpsS hnj-b- hni-Zo-I-cn-m-\p thZn-sbm-cpn Wn-n-pt]mepw apkvenbm- lmP-cm-Ip-n. Acw tbmK- IqInhn-fnpw Ak-`y-ap-{Zm-hm-Iy- sImpw Ie-m A\p-bm-bn-I-

58

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sf iw-sIn Ab-p-I-bmWv sNp-Xv. apv C{X-b-[nIw t]mncn-cw Cm-bn-cpp. Nnm-]-c-ambn DbXv GXp hnj-b-n-emsWv Bdp ]Xn-m-p-Ip apv \S kw`-h-hp-ambn Cs
nXn Xpe\w sNbvXm a\-n-emIpw.
As\ Ay- Fgp-tp ]dp: ""t]n ISn--hs\
anSp--\mb sshZy-cpsS ASp- sImp sNm hnj-ns
hocyw F{X-tm-f-sav Adn-bm-\p acp-mWv BZyw sImSp-pI. ]no-SmWv bYm NnIn. CXp-t]m-se-bmWv Da-dn\v Rm
Cu hnjbw Xs sImSp-Xv. Ch ae-_m-dn t]mb-tm Hcp
t]n Ahs\ ISn--Xmbn Adn-n-cpp. B t]n Bcm-sWv
\n-dn-tbt?''- Fp ]d-p-sImv Fs _lp-am\y Kpcp\m-Y sI.Fw. aue-hnsb Ak-ly-amb \ne-bn No ]dp.
Fs a\v tXn--cp. AsXms ChnsS FSpv ]d-bm
Rm CjvS-s-Sp-n. XpSv Fs Am-hs {]Jym-]\w hp.
""Da-dns\ \n _ln-jvI-cn-pI! Cp-ap-X Ch-\p-ambn \ap-v
bmsXmcp _-hp-an!! kemw ]d-b-cpXv! kemw aS--cpXv!-!'-'
DSs\ \mnse ]uc-{]-[m-\n-bmb Pam apl-Zv e Fgp-tp. (Ctlw Fs injy-\mWv. Rm InXm-t_m-Xn-sm-Sp-n-pv) Ctlw ]d-bp-Xv BZ-c-]qw kzoI-cn-p Hc-h--bmWv
\mn-ep-Xv. Atlw ]dp. ""tl Iqtc, \psS _lp-am-\-s
Ay- ]d-Xv tItm. AXns ASn-m-\-n F\nv
NneXv ]d-bm-\pv. Da apkvenbmsc c-_--n-ep Hcp ktlm-Z-c-s\-tm-se-bmWv \mw Icp-Xn-bn-cp-Xv. Fm Cp-ap-X
Cbm \psS i{Xp-hm-Ipp.''Rm Fmw tIp-I-bmWv. a\-n-\-Iv Hcp \o. Amlp-hns Zo\n Hcp kXyw Xpd-p-]-d GI Imc-W-m apkvenw-I-sfv A`n-am-\n-p kaqlw F\n-s-Xn-cn in {]Jym]n-p-I-bmWv. kXy-ns {]Xn-^-e-ambn in Gp-hm-Ww. Am-lp-hns Xr]vXnpw ]c-temI tam-n\pw thn. Ncn-{X-n F{X-sb{X DZm-l-c-W-! Fs-smw ]mT-! BZ-iw
Dbn-n-Sn-p GsXm-cmpw AXv Bizmkw \Ipw. Bthiw ]I-cp-Ibpw sNpw. Fm Chn-sStbm?
kZ-n \npw asm-cm FWop. F\nv hnhmlw Btem-Nn bph-Xn-bpsS ]nXm-hm-bn-cpp AXv. Atlw hnfnp ]dp:

59

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

""A_q-_- DkvXmZpw em-km-ln_pw ]d-X-v a\-n-embn.

FXncp ]d-bm Rm-hn. Fm Hc-t]--bpv. Da apkvenbm ChnsS lmP-cp-tm. At-ls Cu ]ng-hn \npw aSn-sm-p-h-cm A_q-_- DkvXm-Zn\v {ian-p-IqtS? Fnv
t]msc _mn Xocp-am-\-.''DSs\ asm-cm hnfnp tNmZn-p-I-bmWv. ""Da apkvenbm hmZ{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v Hcp--aptm?''- B tNmZyw ]ecpw Bhnp. Hcp-am-sWv ]d-bp-I-b-msX asmcp t]mwh-gn-bp-an-m-bn-cpp. AhnsS shv Atm Xs XpSn.- "CX-I-I_vv...'- F aq-kv
au-eo-Zns ]Zy-i-I-e-amWv BZy hnjbw.
AXn-se-mWv sXv? Fm-bn-cpp BZys tNmZyw. Rm
adp-]Sn XpSn. ]Zy-ns ae-bmf Aw BZyw tInp. Rm XpSp. \ h ]m]-fpw sNbvXp-t]m-bm AXn-s\-p-dnv Bh-emXn t_m[n-n-t-Xpw amn-c-t-Xpw Am-lp-hn-t\mSmWv. Amlp AmsX ]m]w s]mdp-p--h Bcpv Fv JpB tNmZn-pp. Bb-Xn-\m \_ntbmSv kSw ]d-bm ]mSn. \_n \ap-n-S-bn Pohn-n-cn-p-p-m-bn-cp-s-n \apv
thn Am-lp-hn-t\mSv {]mn-m At]-n-m-am-bn-cpp
Fp am{Xw. {]hm-N-I {]t_m-[-I-\mWv. ]m]w s]mdp-p--h\. {InkvXym-\n-I t]mn\pw ]ptcm-ln-Xpw acn-p-t]mb ]pWymf-m Fp hnfn--s-Sp--hpw Ccw Hcp ]Zhn AwKo-I-cnp
sImSp-n-pv. Ah-cm-Is AXv Al-X-bn-msX m]n-s-Sp-Xp-amWv.
DSs\ FXnhmZw hp. ""ag-mew kky- apf-np''- Fp
]d-bp--Xn sXn-tm. apf-n-Xv bYm-n Amlp BsW-nepw. CXp-t]m-se-bmWv \_n tbmSv kSw ]d-bp-Xv. Amlp Xs-bmWv bYm-n amp \Ip--h. AXp-sImv Cu ]Zy-n bmsXmcp sXp-an.
B hmZs Rm JWvUnp. ""ag-mew kky- apf-np''FXv Hcp Be-m-cnI (aPmkn) {]tbm-K-amWv. "tl, ag-m-eta!
Rv kky- apf-np Xtc-Wta' Fp tXSn-bm AXv
inmIpw. tXSn-b-h Im^n-dmIpw. ag-aqew sh-s-m--ap-m-bmepw Cs\ Xs-bmWv thXv.'' Fpw Rm tNp-]-dp.
Fs hni-Zo-I-cWw Ah {]Xo-n-m--Xm-bn-cpp. Am-h

60

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

GXmv shnhoW Hc-h--bn-embn. AtXmsS apkvenbm-fpsS

bYm kz`mhw shfn-sp. tIm]n-jvT-\m-Ip-Ibpw FXnhm-Zhpw
adp-]-Sn-bp-an-m \ne-bn A[n-Imc kzc-n Fs Hcp ]mSv
No ]d-bp-Ibpw hlm-_n-Isf cq-ambn Bt-]n-p-I-bp-amWv
sNbvXXv. P\-kzm-[o-\-amWv Fm-Im-epw apkvenbm--fpsS apJy ]n-_-ew-! Chn-sSbpw \S-Xv AXp Xs. kwkmcw A\m-hiyambn ZoL-t\cw \op. CS-bvnsS Rm\pw Fsm-stbm ]dp-sIm-n-cpp.
\a-kvIm-c-n\v _mv hnfnp. tbmKw \nn-shp. R-fpsS
hoSv ]n--Sp-mWv. Akz--X-sImpw k-Sw-sImpw Rm
]c-h-i-\m-bn-cpp. ITn-\-amb Zmlw. shw IpSn-m Rm ho-ntep t]mbn. _m kpJ-an-msX InS-n-emWv. Fs ]nmse A\p-P sskZpw hp. Ah Ic-bp-p-m-bn-cpp. _m Ah-t\mSv
ImcWw tNmZnp. ""]n-bn-eXm A_q-_- Immbpw Bfp-Ifpw
IqSn Ipn--m-ms\ Ftm Imm Hcp-pp.'' F-h Icp ]dp. A,- hmhnv \ne-hn-fnp. Imbpw Ipn-m-bpw
IqSn AhnsS hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw \Sp Fpw Ic-n-en-\n-S-bn A-h-
]dp.
""FmWv Imcyw'' _m D-WvT-tbmsS Xncn. Rm ]dp; ""\ h ]m]hpw sNbvXp-t]m-bm Am-lp-hn-t\mSv am{Xta kSw ]d-bm-\mhq Fp Rm ]d--tm A_q-_- Im ]d-bpp,- \_n-tbmSpw kSw ]d-bm-sav''.- DSs\ _m-bpsS
{]-Xn-I-cWw. Hm Fhn-sSm InXm_v HmXn-bXv?! Rm ]dp:
""]s, ]Tn-Xv ad-p-shv Npp-]m-Sp-Ismv ]d-bp-I-bmWv
]ecpw''- aueo-Zp-ambn _-s Imcy-amWv CsXpw AhnsS \S
kw`- h - Cn- - X m- s Wpw _m Adn- n- n. _mbpw
Atm kpn-bm-bn-cpp. ]s, Hcp ]-c-amn-bpsS a\v
hnj-b-ns ImX-e-dnp DSs\ {]Xn-I-cn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv.
Rm ]n-bn-tev t]mbn. \a-kvImcw Ign--tXmsS Bfp-I Iq-tmsS Fs hfp. Fpw sNm aSn-bn-m apJ-! ""aS-Ww'' F-h Knp. Rm DSs\ ae-_m-dn-tev
t]mtbmw Fp ]d--tm ""AX ]d-Xv.- Fm ]pXn-b-Xn \npw aS-Ww.'-'- Rm Btem-Nnp. km[y-a-sv ]d-m
Fpw kw`-hnmw. bYm-n Rm ]pXn-b-Xn-e, ]g-b-Xn-

61

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

emWv. AsXms hni-Zo-I-cn-mt\m, t_m[y-s-Sp-mt\m ]nb

k`-a. Ahv cp hmn Dcw thWw. Amlp Hcp bpn a\-n tXmn-np. ""Fm ]pXnb hnizm-k-n \npw BNm-c--fn \npw Rm aS-n-bn-cn-pp.'' Fm-hpw BmZw! F\npw Xr]vXn!! Ah Iq-ambn Amlp AIv_ Fv Dds sNmn. Fs a\v Nncnp. cwKw im-ambn ]ncnp. t]mb-m! ]pXn-bXpw ]g-bXpw GsXv Xncn--dn-bm ]mh-!
Icp-\-m-K--n-m-c Hcp Aen-pp e A-hnsS Hmp]p-c-bnse samm--bm-bn-cpp. Atlw Fs injy-\p-amWv. Rm Ipdv InXm_v HmXn-sm-Sp-n-pv. R X\n-m-b-tm
Rm e-tbmSv ]dp. ""]pXn-b-Xn \nsms aSn Fp
Rm ]d--Xns Aw \n-sfms Adn-bWw. Adnhpw _pn-bp-ap Fs Am-ht]mepw AXv a\-n-em-n-bn. Ckveman ]pXn-b-Xmbn Hpw IS-n-q-m Bpw A[n-Im-c-an. hhcpw As\ sNbvXm AsXm-sbpw X-s-tS--Xm-sWv
{]hm-N-I Dt_m-[n-np. Cs\ IS-n-q-n-b-Xns]--h-bmWv Cu aueo-Zp-I! lnPvd 600s HSp-hn-emWv Cu A\m-Nmcw C_n (kndnb) \npw XpS-n-bXv. Rm CXv Dt]-n-p-sImv
]g-b-Xn-tev aS-n-sb-mWv ]d-Xv. Cam-ap-I-fmcpw aZvl-_p-I Dm-n-bn. Xzco-J-p-Ifpw ]pXn-b-XmWv. aplvbn-o ssiJnt\mSpw _Zvco--tfm-Sp-ap tXhpw ]pXn-bXv Xs. Ckvem-an\v
IS-I-hn-cp--amb inp-am-WXv. anv sImp-t]m-Ip-tm au\w
]menp A\p-K-an-Ww. ZnIv sNmn i_vZ-ap-mn t]mI ]pXnb-XmWv. \a-kvIm-c-n \npw kemw ]d-m Camw Xncn-ncpv Dds ZpB Cc-epw ap--h Dds "Bao' sNmepw
]p Imcy-amWv. aB-ind hnfn ]pXn-b-XmWv. Cs\ At\Iw
]pXn-bXv aX-n Ib-dn-q-Sn-bn-pv. Ccw Fm ]pXn-b-Xn
\npw Rm aS-n-sb-mWv ap]p ]d aS--ns kmcw.
\n Fm-h-tcmSpw CXp ]d-t-pI''.]mhw e aqv hncshp. Ftm-Sp kvt\ltam, DmIm-\n-S-bp A\- `btm Atlw Xmew BtcmSpw
Hpw ]d-n. cp-aqp Znh-k- Rm hon ]nsbpw IqSn. a\v Xnf-p-a-dn-bp-I-bmWv. Cu kaq-l-n \npw HmSn cs-Sm sImXn-]qp. ]s, kvt\l-\n-[n-I-fmb D, _m, k-tlm-

62

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Z-c- Hcp hiv. adp-h-iv i{Xp-Xbpw hntZz-jhpw sIm-p Ddp-Xp-p Am-h. At-l-tm-sSmw ]uc-ap-Jy-c-S-w kaqlw HmsI! IpSpw-_s Dt]-np thWw t]mIm.
""Am-lpth, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmb Fs dt,- F\nv t\amamWv thXv. Fs c-s-Spq. Fs lrZ-bs kXy-amKn-tev ]mem-b\w sNm ]mI-amn-cq'' Fv cm-I Rm
{]mn-p-sIm-t-bn-cpp. HSp-hn Rm Xocp-am-\-n-sen.
hoSv sNdp-XmWv. Aku-I-cy-apv. AXn-\m cm{Xn ]n-bn-emWv
Ddw. A-cm{Xn Ignp. kabw cp-a-Wn-tbm-S-Spp-. Rm
Cdn. Fmw Dt]-n-p-sImv Am-lp-hns kzndm-Xzp apkvXJo-an-tev. `b--c-amb Iqcn-cp. ]pen-md ]n-bn \npw Id
hgn hma-\-]p-c-tv. Bdp-ssa \of-ap Bbncw ssa ssZ-Ly-ns bm{X. a\p-jy-i_vZw Hcn-S-p-an. hgn-h-n hoSp-I-fn. hgn-hn-f-p-I-fn. hgn-bn Ccp-h-ipw Ipn-m-Sp-I. Pohn-Xn-sem-cn-epw C{X `bm-\I `oIc \ni-_vZX- ]noSv A\p-`-hs-n. Fs lrZ-b-an-Sn-ns thKX am{Xw Rm- tI-p-p-v.Rm Ic-p-sImv HmSp-Itbm HmSp-Itbm \S-p-Itbm,- Hpw
Ctm \n-b-an. Iptd t]mb-tm, Rm \nXy-kp--c-amb shfn--n-te-t t]mIp-Xv Fv a\v a{n-pp. im-am-Im
a\-n-t\mSv Rm \n_-np. Am-lpth cnq,- a\t X-Wpq Fv {]mn-p-sImv kzbw Biz-kn-np aptmp \on.
Iptd Ign-bp-tm kqtcym-Zbw Fs Dt-j-hm-\m-p-sa {]Xo!- Hcm-bncw A-hn-izm-k--fpsS Ccp-fp-I-fn \npw kXy-hnizm-k-ns shfn--n-te-mWv Rm {]bmWw sNp--sX
t_m[w Fs DuP-kz-e-\mn. {]`mXw s]mn-hn-S-tm Rm Fw.kn. tdmUv F {][m\ Ih-e-bn-sen. AhnsS \npw Atm Hcp _v Dv. AXn Ibdn. Pohn-X-nse Ghpw ZpLS-amb Hcp L-am-bn-cpp AXv.
ASp Znhkw Rm Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn Fn. _lp-am\y Kpcp\m-Y sI.Fw. auehntbmSv Ign--sXmw Icp ]dp.
Atlw Fs XtemSn. Biz-kn-np. F\nv thn Am-lp-hnt\mSv {]mnp. B Xtem-Sepw {]m-\bpw At-l-ns Ay-\m hsc F\nv e`n-n-pv. {]Im-i-ho-Yn-bn-eqsS Fs ssI]n-Snv \S-nb alm-\mb Fs Kpcp-hn-t\m-sSmv kzK-n

63

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ign-bm hn[-n-tb-I-Wta F tX-hp-ambn Rm Chn-Ss Znh-k-- Fn-opp.

Fs bm{X-bpsS ZpjvI-chpw kw`-h-_-lp-e-hp-amb Hmw-Lw
kz-Imcy ZpxJ-tm-sS-bm-sW-nepw Bizm-k-ns ktm-jn ChnsS Ah-km-\n-pp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

5
Xncq-c-mSn
Ncn-{X-kw-`-h--fpsS Ie-h-d-bmWo \mSv. Fs kXym-t\z-jW
hoYn-bnse apJy Xmh-fhpw CXp-Xs. Ctm Hmdn-b sslkvIq nXn-sN-p-n-Sv 940Ifn \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bm-bncpp. Fs bYm Kpcp-Ipew Chn-sS-bm-sWv ]dbmw. Kpcp-\mY sI.Fw. auehnbpw.
\qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bn \nmWv Rm Hcp {]kwK-I-\mbn
cq]-s-Xv. {]K--cmb Htsd ]WvUn-X-{]-`m-j-I-cpsS kwKa
tI{hpw ]cn-io-e\ thZn-bp-am-bn-cpp Cu aZvdk. an apPm-lnZv
t\Xm-fpw kwkvI-cn--s-Xpw hfXpw ChnsS \S-p-h
sshm-\nI Iqm-bva-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cpp. sI.Fw. auehn km-ln_ns kPoh {ibpw ]Iz-amb t\Xr-ssh-`-hhpw \qdp Ckvemw
(Ckvem-ans {]Imiw) aZvdk Aw-sImv A\z-ambn.
Xncq-c-m-Snv Xocm IY-I-fpv. k] IY-I-f. bYm--
kw`-h- Xs. km[m-cW kw`-h--f. Akm-[m-c-WXzw \ndp--\np hnIm-tcm--e--f-mb Ncn{X ]mT-! Cy kzmX-{y ka-c-ho-Yn-bnse sISm hnf-mWv Xncq-c-mSn. kzmX-{yns kph-Pq-_nen BtLm-jn-p taf-sm-gp-n ae-bm-fa-nse c-]-n-e-amb bYm kzmX-{y-k-acw hnkva-cn--s-ncn-pp. Pq_nen BtLm-j
- f
- psS tI{-m\w Xncq-c
- m-Sn-mWv
\oXn-t_m-[-ap--h \tI-Xv. {_no-jvIm-cs sNcnv \n-Ifm-bn-cp Xp-cm-f
- p-sSbpw Xp-cm-n-If
- p-sSbpw \mSv Ctm Pq-_nen taf-bpsS Ah-Im-in-I-fmbn amdn-bn-cn-pp. Ncn-{X-ns Zphn[n!

64

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Poh-Im-cpWy {]h-\-p {]tNm-Z-\hpw ss[cyhpw

ae-bm-fn-Iv \Inb {]tZiw. Zo\m-\p-I-bpw B-ss[-cyhpw
XymK-k---Xbpw ka-\z-bn, Cuam a\-nepw apJpw \ndp-\n Hcp a\p-jy Xncq-c-m-Snsb temI-n\p ]cn-N-b-sSpn. Fs {]mW-kp-lrv Fw.sI. lmPn .- B alm ]pcp-j
Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn Pohn--tm B {]tZiw Ncn-{X-ns `mK-ambn.Fspw kvacn--s-Sm ssNX-\y-h-mb kDu-Zm-_mZv lmPnbpsS apJ-hp-ambn B \mSns lrZ-b-I-hm-S-n hfp-bp \npp.
ae-_m Iem-]-ns hoc-\m-b-I Ben apkvenbmsc kvacnmsX Xncq-c-m-Snv Hcp Ncn-{X-aptm? aX-hn-Zym-`ym-ks Hmp-]p-c-I-fnse A]-cn-jvIrX _--fn \nv tamNn-nv Cp
ImWp tImtfPv \ne-hm-c-n-tev hfn Dbm ASn-d
]WnX ]cn-h\ \mb-I auem\m Nmen-e-Iv Ip-l-Zv
lmPnbpw Xncq-c-m-Sn-bpsS Acpa kXn Xs. {]kn--amb hmgmSv Zmdp Deqw aZvd-k-bn \nv auem-\-bpsS injy-Xz-n hnm\w t\Snb Ipn-I-fmWv tIcf apkvenw \thm-m\ kwcw-`-fpsS Npm-\n-I-fmbn ]noSv- tim`n-Xv. sI.Fw. auehn, C.sI. auehn, ]n.sI. aqkm auehn, C. sambvXp auehn, Fw.kn.kn. A_vZpd-lvam auehn XpS-nb alm {]Xn-`-I auem\m Nmen-e-I-ns injy-m-cn {][m-\n-I-fm-bn-cpp.
auem-\-bpsS Acpa injy\pw Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-am-bn-o Xn apl-Zv Ipn apkvenbm ]noSv Imn_v (Fgp-p-Im-c) F t]cn Adn-b-sp. am{X-hp-a, Kpcp-\m-Ys Pmam-Xm-hp-ambn.
Imn-_ns BZy Cwojv A-chpw kzw t]cns XpS-hpw
Iqn-tv kplr-p- \Inb sI.Fw. auehn F t]cnemWv Atlw ]nm-ev {]kn--\m-bXv. ]noSv t\Xm--fpsS
t\Xm-hmbn. ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS Kpcp-hmbpw hn\o-X-\mb amXr-Im-]pcp-j-\mbpw Ncn-{X-Xm-fp-I-fn Xnf-p ap{Z-bmbn. Xncq-c-m-Sn-bpsS
aW-cn-I-fpsS aa-c-n Aen-p-tN i_vZ-ambn. alm\mb kn.Fns hmp-I hopw IS-sa-Sp-t-n-hcpw. kn.Fv.
FgpXn:- ""kDu-Zm-_m-Zn Inepw Ipm-b-nepw sIn-bp-b-s-
B sInS kaq-l-p-n Hcp hrs BmX Ann-Snp InS-p-pv. B htbm-hr-\v, m\-hr-\v, sI.Fw.

65

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

aue-hnv D Ghpw henb kvamc-Ihpw AXp Xs-bmWv.''Ncn{X kw]p-jvS-amb Xncq-c-m-Sn-bpsS hv hc-p-I-fn sImn-s]-dpn \Sp- Cu km[p-hmb Rm\pw.- sI.Fw. aue-hn-bn \npw hoWp-In-p-tXm HuZm-cy-]qw Cp-X-cp-tXm Bb s\Wn-I app-a-Wn-I-fmbn lrZ-bm--c--fn-tev Ib-n. alm-c-Y-mcmb amXrImtbmKy-cpsS aWw ]nSnv ]n-shv \Sp Ib-dnb
Cubp--hs\ X\nsb hntv Ah-scm-sbpw t]mbn. alm-I-hnbpw Fs am\y kplr-p-amb Sn. Dss_Zv kmln-_ns cp hcnI sImv hnIm-c-`-hy-ambn- hnd-p lrZ-b-tmsS Ahsc Rm
kvacn-s.
""Bthm-fao anse [- \nd-thn
bmh-gno Rfpw ]nmse hcp-tm.''Cu hcn-Iv Poh \Inb Dss_Zv kmln_pw Poh shSnv Ahv ]nmse t]mbn. Dss_Zv kmln-_ns\ cv hcn-I
sImv Xtem-SmsX t]\ aptmp t]mIm Iqm-p-n. `mh-\-IfpsS Nnd-In-tedn Ab-Ym-ns ]pI-a-d-I-fn-tev ]d-p-b--p
t]mIp tIhew Ihn-bm-bn-cp-n Fs BZ-c-Wob kp-lrv.
{]kn kmln-Xy-\n-cq-]-I-\mb Fw. IrjvW \mb Iem-Iu-apZn
hmcn-I-bn Fgp-Xnb Hcp hcn kplrv F\nv ImWnp Xp.
""Ihn-I Is kXy-sav \apv tXmp an Bhn-jvI-cnp-h
- c
- mWv.'' (9.11.86) ""Ihn-Ifm-I-s-, ZpamKn-I Ahsc ]np-ScpXv-. Fm Xmgvh-c-I-fnepw Ae-p-Xn-cn-p-\-S-p--h-cmbn Ahsc \n\p ImWmw. Ah {]hn-m-Xp ]d-bp--h-cmWv,\nbw.-''- (ipA-dmAv- 224226) Cu hN\w s]sv Hm hp.
IrjvW \mb-cpsS hnti-jWw Rm Hm-bn tImdn-bnp.
Fm A\p-`-h-n Sn. Dss_Zv F Ihn-]pw-K-h kmKnIv kvt\ln-m sImp--h-\m-bn-cpp. Is Dss_Zv
kmln_v kXy-am-m {ian-n-n-s-mWv Fs Adnhv. hnm-\ns bYm-X-bn-tev At-l-ns a\v At\z-jW bm{X
\S-n-bn-cpp. Fs Hc-\p-`hw ]dbmw. 1974tem 75tem Bbn-cn-Ww. Fs "kk-_o' amkn-Isb A`n-\-n-p-sImv Atlw
F\n-smcp I-bp. AXn ad-m Cpw Ign-bm Hcp
hnjbw Atlw sXcy-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pp. Cukm-\_n acn-pt]mbn F Al--Zn-bm--fpsS P-]-\s `uXn-I-im-kv{X-

66

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ns IW-p-I Xs JWvUn-p-pv Fv ]d tijw

AXn-tev Nqp-]-e-I-bmbn Hcp Imcyw Fs {i-bn-te-np. apmWn-tcn tImb-pn aue-hn-bpsS Jp-B ]cn-`m-jv dn. Fn\o-b F.Fw. Dkvam kmln_v (s]mm\n) {]uV-Kw-`o-c-am-b Hcp
apJ-hpc cNn-n-pv. B ]cn-`m-jv tim`-tb-m Imc-W-amb Hcp
hnm\ `WvUm-c-amWv B apJ-hpc. ka-b-p-dhp aqew F\n-Xv
hmbn-m km[y-am-ImsX t]mbXv h \jvS-ambn tijn-p-am-bncpp F-- k-Xyw- Rm- A-d-n--X-v D-ss_-Zv- km-ln-_n-s- hm-pI-fn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cp-p-. Cukm-\_n BIm-i-ns hmXn-ep-Ip-dv PV-tmsS Cpw Pohn-n-cn-p-p-sh hnizmkw B[p\nI kbkns A\n-tj-[y-amb IW-p-I \ncn Dkvam
kmln-_v kan-p-p-shv hnin-jvS-amb hkvXpX B ap-J-hp-cbn D-s-v- D-ss_-Zv- km-ln-_m-Wv- F-\n-v- hn-h-cw- X--Xv.- Xn-c-pI-fpsS- Np-gn-bn- - Id-p L-am-bn-cp-npw Rm kabw InWp
Isn Dkvam kmln-_ns B apJ-hpc ]cn-tim-[np. c-p
Imcy- F\nv t_m[y-ambn. F.Fw Dkvam kmln-_ns
AKm-[-amb Adnhv. Dss_Zv kmln-_ns bYm Adnhv t\Sm\p XrjvW. AXv Fs-tm-ep--h-cpsS {i-bn-tev Fn-m\p A`n-hmRvO. `mh-\-Isf Ckvem-anI Nn-bpsS ]cn[n ewLnm hnp-sIm-Sp-m bYm Ihn-bm-bn-cpp Sn. Dss_-Zv. Iqn ]dbs,- apm-Wn-tcn aue-hn-bpsS Jp-B ]cn-`mj cmw
]Xnv ]pd-n-d-n-b-tm Dkvam kmln-_ns hnm-\-ns {]Imiw hnX-dp B apJ-hpc Hgn-hm--sp! CXns ]nnse
tNtXm-hn-Imcw AXyw Zpcq-l-am-bn-cn-pp. knwlm-k-\-n\v
tim` \Im ]Xn cXv\w tamjvSn--s--Xp- t]mse.
Xncq-c-m-Sn-bmWv \psS Nm hnjbw. Hm-I Nne-tm
NnXdpw. hgn-p-hgn F {Iaw \njvIj-ambn ]men-m Ign-bmsX hcp-Xv Hm-I-fn Hmfw-sh-p hnNm-c-p-ta hnIm-cw
]e-tmgpw B[n-]Xyw hmgp-tm-gmWv.- Dss_Zv kmln_pw Dkvam
kmln-_p-amWv hnIm-c-ns then-tb--ambn Fs Ipcp-n-bXv.
Xncq-c-mSn Xd- ]n-bpsS an-dmWv Fs Hcp JXz-o-_mbn
cq]-s-Sp-n-bXv. JpXz-v_-bpsS ]cn-io-e\w bYm-ap-dbvv sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS {i-bn Ahn-sS- \n-mWv t\Sn-bXv. Xd-
]n-bn PpapA XpS-nb kml-Ncyw Ctmgpw Hm-bn-ep-v.

67

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

1943 Bcw`w. Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm\ Av XpS-n-bn-n-. ]n-bn

PpapA XpS--W-sa A`n-{]mbw DS-se-Spp. AXv _e-sp.
As\ IqSn-bm-tem-Nnp. N-{]-Imcw henb Ppam-Av ]n-bnse Jmfn-bpsS A\p-hmZw e`n-Ww. Ipsd Bfp-I Hp-shv Hcp
s]mXp At] Jmfnv kan-p-hm Xocp-am-\np. Hp tiJcWw GXmv ]qn-bmbn.
Atm-gmWv sI.Fw. koXn-km-ln-_ns sk{I--dnbpw tUm.
Bcn-^-bpsS ]nXm-hp-a-mb hen-bmv apl-Zv kmln_v e-s-nbXv. At]--bn Hp-sh-bvm At-l-sbpw Wnp. ]t, Atlw Xm-dm-bn. am{X-a, B At] sImSp--cp-sXv
hnen. Cu At] aqew Jmfn-bpsS m\w AwKo-I-cn--emWv
^e-n Dm-IpI. AXv BZi-{]-Nm-cW cwKv ]e {]iv\-pw CS-bmpw. AXp-sImv Cu Jmfn m\w \mw AwKo-I-cnp-n-s-p bmYmyw Xmew ]c-ky-s-Sp-m-Xn-cn-pIbpw k`w hcp-tm shfn-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNmw. Cu At] _pn-]q-a-s apl-Zv kmln-_ns D]-tZiw Fm-hcpw
AwKo-I-cnp. At] \In-bn. PpapA XpS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
BZys JpXz-v_ sI.Fw. auehn kmln_v \n-lnp. ]noSv
Ffn-b-h-\mb Rm JpXz-v_ \S-n-tmp. Ipsd \m CXp XpSp. sI.Fw. auehn AS--ap ]WvUnX {]K--cpsS kmn-[yhpw
D]-tZ-ihpw F\nv \ hf-am-bn-cpp. ChnsS \nmWv tImgn-tmSv
]m-f--n-bnse ae-bmf JpXz-v_-bpsS Hm-as Npa-X-e-m-c\mbn Cubp--h \ntbm-Kn--s-Xv.
Xncq-c-m-Snbpw Rm\p-am-bp B-_w! AXnse Hm-IfpsS Npcp-f-gn-m Hcp-n-bm Hcp ]t, {Kw Xs cNn-tn-hcpw. Fs Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h--fnse AXy-]qhpw Bm-Z-\n-_-hp-amb cp X-ob-Xn-I an-p-S-nb Fs Hm-In-Sbn {]tim-`np \npp! 1943 Unkw-_ 10,11 Zn\-. BZytXv Rm hnhm-ln-X-\mb Znhkw. CWsb tXSp a\-ns
Zmlhpw AXns tamlhpw a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bpsS A\n-hmcy LS-I-fm-Wtm. ssewKnI hnIm-c- D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-m Amlp
a\p-jy-cn k--n-th-in-n-- Cu Zml-tam-l- A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amb
hgn-bn-eqsS km[y-am-p-I-bmWv kZm-Nmcw F {]tbm-K-ns
Ig-v. [mnI t_m[-ap Hcp bphm-hn\v Xs B-hn-Im-c-

68

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\nb-{nv \nn, am\y-amb \ne-bn CW-sb-tSn ktm-j-hpw

kam-[m-\hpw ssIh-cn-m shp B Zn\w h-W-bp-tm
e`n-p lrZ-bm-mZw Ihn`mh-\-Ip-t]mepw hn-sm-Xpm Ign-bp--X. {kjvSmhv a\p-jy-cn \nt-]n Cu {]IrXnsb Xn-s-Spn {_-N-cy-n-eqsS Bob ]cn-ipn ]cm- D]-tZ-in-p aX-Nn {]IrXn hncp--amWv. kwkvIm-c-ns ewL-\-amWv. hnip Jp-B Ak--n-KvZ-ambn {]Jym-]np:""{_lva-Ncyw Ah Ir{Xn-a-ambn cq]-s-Sp-n-b-XmWv. \m-a-h-vA-Xv- \n-b-a-am-n-bn-n-.- F-n-v- A-h-c-Xv- ]m-en-t-- ap-d-{]-Im-cw]m-en--Xp-an--.''-(l-Zo-Yv- 27)temI P\-X-bn alm `qcn-]--ap Hcp kap-Zmbw Bob
HuXyw t\Sm-\p ASn--d-bmbn IcpXn BZ-cnp t]mcp Hcp
knm-s C{X ]-bmbn hnain-p-Ibpw "AXv Ahv ]menm Ign--Xp-an.' Fv {]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xv Jp-Bs
Znhy-Xz-n-\p Ghpw Db sXfn-hm-Ipp. a\p-jys\ krjvSnp-Ibpw Ahs lrZ-b-an-Sn-p-Isf sXm-dn-bp-Ibpw sNp
Am-lp-hn\v am{Xta Hcp alm P\-i-n-bpsS apJ-p-t\mn
Cs\ i-ambn ]d-bm Ignbq. AsX, IWn-i-amb kXyw!
]men-m Ign-n-n. Ign-bp-I-bp-an. ]utcm-ln-Xy-ns ihpw `{Z-hp-amb tIm-a-Xn-ep-Iv hn-ep-I-fp-mn Cu kXyw
]e-tmgpw shfn-bn NmSn hcp-Xv \apv A\p-`-h-t_m-[y-am-Wtm. ]ptcm-ln-X-m-cpsS {Iqc-amb ssewKnI ]oU-\--tfv Ayizmkw hen bph-Xn-I-fpsS amn-sb-Sp-p PU--fn ssZhns aW-hm-n-bmbn ame-bn--h-scbpw ImWmw. Ahn-lnX K`w
t]dn B-lXy sNbvX-h, sIme sN-s--h, `n-bpsS aqSp]Sw sImv Zpc-\p-`-h-sf s]mXn-p-sh-p--h, Ip-kmc
hnti-j--fnse ZpK h-am-\-,- Fm -\n-b-{-W-fpw
t`Znv tfml-Ifpw apJ-a--\-Ifpw Iodn-sb-dnp im kp-c-amb
PohnXw tXSn-tm-b-h!- Cs\ F{X-sb{X kw`-h-! A\p-`h
IY-I! ]ptcm-ln-X-mv hnhmlw A\p-h-Zn--W-sa apd-hn-fnbp-ambn Ac-a-\-I-fnepw \nb-a-th-Zn-I-fnepw amdn-amdn HmSn Aep
oWn-X-cm-b-tm Ahn-ln-X-thgvN Xs B{ibw F s\Sp-hop-ambn Ac-a\ cl-ky--fpsS Imhm ]nhm-n-bXpw \mw
Ip. `mc-Xob ]pcm-W--fn hnizm-an{X ta\-I-am-cp-tSbpw thZ-

69

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hym-k P\-\-n-sbpw aqp-s]m-p ssewKnI B`m-k--fpsS

tLmj- b m- { X- b p- a pv . {_- N - c y- n- e - [ n- j v T n- X - a mb k\ymkw
{]IrXn hncp-hpw kZm-Nmc hncp--hp-amb I]S `n-bpsS knm-amWv. Am-lp-hns hN-\- F{X kXyw! A\-izcw! "AXhv ]men-m Ign--Xp-an.' Ign-bp-I-bp-an. Jp-B Xm-o-Xv
\Ipp. ""GsXmcp {]Ir-Xn-bn \n krjvSn--s-pthm B
{]Ir-Xnsb Xmdp-am-dm--cpXv''.Atm B XobXn F\np ad-m Ign-bptam? C. \npw Ign-bp-I-bn. hnip--amb BZym-\p-`-h--fpsS tX\q-dp Hm-I \s ]np-Sp-sIm-n-cnpw. hnhm-l-n\p ap]v ]ckv{Xo
Ka-\-n \ocmp \Sn aXnbpw sImXnbpw Xo bphmpw
]c-]p-cpj thgvN-I-fn hnj-en-]vX-am-bn-tmb bph-Xo-lr-Z-b-pw hnhm-l-\m a[p-c-aq-dp kvac-W-bm-I-W-sa-n. [m-n-I-XbpsS I]-S-ap-Jw-aq-Sn-p-nse At\Iw Hm-I-fn Hp am{Xw.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

6
Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm\
Fs Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h--fnse hne-s Hc-ym-b-am-WnXv. 1943
Unkw-_ 11. al-mb Cu m]\w P\n Zn\w. Hcp-]mSp XobXn-I ad-p-t]mbn. ]t, ad-m Ign-bm hn[w Fs a\-ns Im-Sn-bn AXp sXfn-p-In-Spw. Fs hnc-ep-I Ipdn
A-c--fn-eq-sS-bmWv Cu alm {]m-\-ns Bcw`w. F\np e`n B `mKyw Fs\ Rm adpw! Zp\n-bm-hn F\np
ssIh \-I-fn apJy-ambn Rm Icp-Xp Cu Imcyw ]c-temIv F\nv Am-lp-hn \np HuZm-cy-ns `mK-am-bn-o-cW-sav Rm kZm {]mn-p-I-bmWv.
1942 ae-_m-dns\ Imp-Xn AXn-`o-I-c-amb tImfd! Cu hym[n ITn-\-ambn tI{o-I-cn {]tZ-i-am-bn-cpp Xncq-c-mSn. `bm-\-Iamb A-co--am-bn-cpp AXv. cmhnse Xn Iv Nmb-Ip-Snv
ktm-j-n ]ncn kvt\ln-X. ]t, aWn-q-dp-IIw
At-l-ns anv sImp-t]m-Ipp. tlm! A\p-`-h- XnIn-h-cp-tm hm Hcp hnd-b. [mcmfw ]n-I-fp B {]tZi-

70

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v Ap t\chpw \a-kvIm-c-n\v ew aXn-bm-ImsX hp. a\pjy-cmsI `bhnlz-e-cmbn ssZh-k-n-[n-bn A`bw tXSpp. \nlm-b-\mb a\p-jy thsdp sNm? kp_v-lv- \a-kvIm-c-n-\pt]mepw Ppap-Av hcp-Xv t]mse ]n-I P\--fm \nd-pI-hn-bp-I-bmWv. sshZy-imkv{Xw th{X hfn-n-m Imew.
aWn-q-dp-I A, an\n-p-I CS-hn-p-t]mepw an-p-I sImpt]m-Ip-Xp ImWmw.
Zo\m-\p-I
- b
- psS asmcp t]cm-bn-cpp Fw.sI. lmPn . Atlns dneo^v {]h-\- XpSn. Rm\pw CXn Ffnb ]ph-ln-n-cpp. lmPn kmln-_ns {ia-Zm-\-fpw [-t_m-[hpw
hm-sm-c-\p-`hw Xs-bmWv. kzw IpSpw-_mw-K-t]mepw
`b-m HmSn ad-n-cp Ah--bn tImfd _m[n-X-cpsS On-bp-sSbpw AXn-km-c-n-sbpw Agp-p-I t]mepw kzw ssIsImv hrn-bm-p-hm sXpw aSn-bn-m-bn-cpp At-l-n\v.
lmPn kmln_v tkh-\-ns Da amXr-I-bmbn Rsf \bnp.
hnj-a- sImSp-ncn sIm \mfp-I! Xncq-c-m-Sn--Spv
ImSv tZiv BXp- c - i p- { iq- j pw s]mXp- P - \ - t k- h - \ - n\pw
BmWw sNbvX Hcp \ a\p-jy-\p-m-bn-cpp. hn.B. \m-b\m
F lnp t\Xmhv. Atlw apkvenw A\m-Y-a-sf kwc-n-m
ImSv Hcp Hm^-t\Pv m]np. Fm Atlw CXp-t]mse
m]n ]e A\mY an-c--fp-sSbpw aX-]-c-amb Zpc-h R
Adn-n-pv. Fp-sNpw? kzm`m-hn-I-amb ]cn-Wm-a-am-Wtm
AXv. Amlp F ]tZm-m-cWw t]mepw apkvenw a-fn \npw
]s Hgn-hmbn. ssZhta, Cuizcm F hnfn-I ]Icw m\w ]nSnp. Cs\ thZ-\n-p ]eXpw R I-dnp. Fp-sNpw? thZ-\n-p-I-Xs.
Hcp Znhkw AXn-cm-hnse sI.Fw. auehn kmln_v \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bn-tev Xnc-nv hp. icocw adv DutmsSbp-
\Sw aqew auehn hmsX InX-p-p-m-bn-cpp. B InXv
Xncq-c-m-Snpw apkvenw tIc-f-n\pw Icp-Wm-a-bhpw A`n-am-\-I-chp-amb Hcp Ncn{Xw cNn-m \nan--ambn Fv hfsc \m Ignm-Wv Rm Adn-Xv. At-l-ns {]IrXw I-tm
R ]cn-{`-anp. kemw ]d-p-sImv Ibdn. Fs hnfnp.
""\o Adntm? apkvenw A\m-Y-a-mbn \mb-\m {]tXy-I-

71

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ambn Hcp bXo-w-Jm\ Bcw-`n-n-cn-pp. \mnse Hcp apkvenw {]amWn-bmb Fp-ho-n apl-Zv Ipn Xs Hcp sInSw hmS-I-bn-msX CXn-mbn A\p-h-Znv sImSp-n-cn-pp.'' hnhcw Rm\pw tIp,
Rm adp-]Sn ]dp. ""tIm t]mcm,- \ Am-lp-hns I]\ tIWw.-'' auehn `n-bm ]c-h-i-\m-Ip-I-bmWv.
Av Xncq-c-mSn apkvenweoKv In-n-bpsS {]kn-Uv sI.Fw.
aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. sk{I-dn hn\o-X-\mb Rm\pw. CXp tIv Fs
Ctm-gs ]cn-Nn-X Ap-X-s-Sp-p-mIpw. cmjv{So-b-tmSv
Ap-anpw Rm AXoh X-]-c-\-m-bn-cpp. Cu m\-n\v
Hpw tbmKy-\p-am-bn-cp-n. ]s, Rm Af-hv kvt\ln-p-Ibpw
_lp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNp Fs Kpcp FtmSv ]dp; \o Cu
m\w GWw. Rm A\p-k-cnp. A{X-Xs. sX-m
Hcp Imcyw F\nv F{X hnc-k-ambn tXmn-bmepw auehn ]d-m ]ns Rm AXv A\p-k-cn--emWv ]Xnhv. sXmbn Atlw
hXpw FtmSv ]d-bp-Itbm I-]n-p-Itbm sNbvX-Xmbn Rm
Hmp--tX-bn.
auehn kmln_v FtmSv I]np:- ""s]mm\n aDu-\-p
Ckvemw k`-bn-tepw tImgn-tmSv sP.Un.n Ckvemw bXow-Jm-\bn-tepw ta ]d hnh-c- ImWnv eoKv Inn sk{I-dn
F \ne-bn \o I-b-Ww. Ahv Fs-nepw sNm
Ign-bptam Fv Bcm-bWw,- DS Xs.''Av sP.Un.nbpsS sk{I-dn ]m-_p-Im-c-\mb aJv_q
AlvaZv kmln-_m-bn-cpp. At-l-n\v Ad-_n-bnepw aDu-\-ntev ae-bm-f-nepw Rm FgpXn. s]mm-\n-bn \nv Hcp {]XnI-c-W-hp-ap-m-bn. sP.Un.n. sk{I-dn adp-]Sn Abp. ""Rm C
Znhkw Atmp hcpp. th-s--hsc hnfn-p-Iq-pI.''cmw-temI alm-bp--Imew. tImgn-tmSv \npw cv Xoh-nI am{Xta HmSp-pq. Hv sabn. AXv ]c--\-m-Sn-bn \np-I-bn. tem hn Ahn-sS-sb-p-Xv ]mXn-cmhv Ignv
]pe cn\pw aqn\pw CS-bvmWv. B ka-b-n-s\m-nv Atmv t]mIm Bcp-an. IpXn-c-hn am{X-amWv Inm-hp hml\w. hj-m-e-am-bm Irjn- sN-m ]m-hp nXn-bn-emWp
tdmUv. Fm-bmepw Rm X\np Xs t]mIm Xocp-am-\np. ]c-\-mSn Xoh-n-bm-o-kn-tev Ap ssa- Zqc-apv. IpXn-c-h-

72

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

nv c-W-bmWv (Cs ]{v ss]k) Iqen. tSmp-ssev

sImp \S-p-Xv Cs Aw_m-kn-U Im D-Xns Ka-bmWv. Nqp-I-n--emWv km[m-cW ]Xnhv. IpXn-c-h-nv Iqen sImSp-m Imin. Cs Ipn-Iv Bcyw tXmp-p-mIpw.
Cs Ccp-qdp cq]-tb-m aqey-apv As c-Wbvv.
Fp sNpw? Rm \S-p-t]mbn. hgn-bn bm{X-m-cn. Ccpv.
k{X Ccpv. CSv Nne Imf-h-n-I Nmpw Ncnpw Dcp-fpXv ImWmw. AXn Xqn-bn lcn--bn emns anb shhpw. hn Fp--Xns Ipdv apv Rm ]-vfmvt- ^m-an Fn.
As\ hn hp. ]m_n thj-[m-cnsb t\mn Rm Xepw hnepw \S-p-tm Hcm hp Fs ssI]n-Snp. BscbmWv \n t\mp-Xv Fp tNmZnp. Rm Imcyw ]dp.
Atm Atlw ]d-bp-I-bmWv. ""aJv_q AlvaZv kmln_v
Fs Ab-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. At-l-n\v hcm Ign-n. Rm
Ahn-Ss hmU. t]cv Akvew. kztZiw hmg-mSv. \n Da
aue-hn-bt?''- Fpw tNmZnp. ApXw tXmn. Cu h-am-\n ]pXnb Xe-ap-dv Hcp ]mT-apv. "hyh-bpw shn-bm-gvNbp-an-m'- a{n-ampw t\Xm-p-a;- kZm-Nm-chpw [man-IX-bp-w Ipd-s-nepw th-Xm-sWv Icp-Xp--hv. Hcm-tfmSv Hcp
hmv ]d-m AXv Ign-bp-{X Hm-sh-Ww. Hcn-Sv C
ka-bv Fm-sav Gm Ig-n-hXpw AXv \nd-th-Ww. IgnbmsX hm ]Icw Bsf Ab-p-Itbm bYm-k-abw hnhcw Adn-bnp-Itbm sNWw. A]-cs ka-b-n\v \psS kuI-cy-t-m hne-I]n-Ww. Cm-ev CsXmpw Bcpw {in-p--Xmbn
tXmp-n. Hm-bp-s-nepw,- Rm ad-p-t]mbn,- Cs\ Hgp \pW ]dbmw Fv t\cs Xocp-am-\n--emWv ]Xnhv. ]m_p-Im-c-\mb aJv_q kmln_v F{X \-h\pw amXrIm tbmKy-\pamWv. [mn-I-t_m[w At-ls hebw sNbvXn-cpp Fv a\n-embn.
""\apv Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn-tev \omw.''- Akvew kmln_v ]d-p.
hml-\-an. I-]n-Sn Ccpv. hml-\-ap-s-n Xs BXn-tY-b\mb Fs ] ImIm-in. Rm ssaep-I \Sv Fn-bXm-sW kXyw Atlw Adn-bn-tm. t]mcp-tm CsXmpw
Btem-Nn-m-Xn-cp-Xv Fm-Wmthm? At_m-[-amb Bthiw

73

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xs. hnj--\mbn \n Fs tXmfn Xn Akvew kmln_v

"\Smw' Fp ]d--tm Rm Bizm-k-ns s\Sp-honp.
Npdp-Np-dp-p bphm-hm-bn-cpp Atlw.
Akvew kmln_v ]noSv sP.Un.nbpsS sk{I--dn-bmbn. ASpnsS sk{I-dn m\p \npw Btcm-]-W-hn-t[-b-\mbn hncan lk- lmPn hmU-\p-ambn. Iptd sIm---v tijw Akvew kmln_v Zmcp-W-ambn A]-I-S-n acnp. t_mws_-bn \npw hnam\w Ib-dnb DSs\ AXv Xo]n-Snv XIp. AXn Atlhpw s]p. XymK-t_m-[-ap tkh-I. Xs tkh-\- ]cn-KWn--s-Sp-Ibpw ipl-Zm--fpsS {]Xn-^ew ]c-tem-Iv At-ln\v e`n-p-Ibpw sNp-am-dm-Is.
Rm Hmp-I-bmWv.- ]mn Alva-ZvIpn apkvenbm-cpsS Zkn Xncq-cn Ign-bp Imew. Xncq [-]-cn-]m-e\ kwL-ns tbmKw \S-pp. Inp hnm\ kZ-p-I-sfmpw Ap
Rm ]mgm-m-dn. Cpw Ign-bp-{X AXv ]men-m-dpv. Ipdsms hnm\w t\Sn kmam\yw \mbn {]kw-Kn-m\pw FgpXm\pw Xc-am-bm ]epw ap--h-cpsS {]kwKw tIm t]mIp-Xv Hcp XmgvN-m-Sm-bn-mWv tXmpI. Cu tcmKw \-Isf \inn-p Al-mc kqN-\-bmWv. Cs bphm--fn Cu tcmKw
]S-cp--Xmbn Rm ImWpp. Rm `b-s-Spp. Amlp Impc-n-s. hnm\w apkven-ans If-p-t]mb kzmWv. FhnsS Imepw \n-fXv FSp-Ww F {]hm-NI \ntiw \s
\bn-s.
B tbmK-n Akvew kmln_pw Hcp {]mkw-Kn-I-\m-bn-cpp.
At-l-ns {]`m-j-W-nse Hcp {][m\ t]mbn v Bdv ]Xn-mp-I Ign-npw a\-nse Ap-Iq-S-n-epv. Atlw ]dp: ""Cu t]cn\v c-apv. Hv [w -]-cn-]m-en-p apkvenw-I-fpsS kwLw. asmv apkvenw[w ]cn-]m-en-p--Xn\v
Dm--s kwLw. Fm \apv thXv, \mw [w ]cn-]men-p apkvenw-I-fm-IWw Fp--XmWv.''- Akvew kmln-_ns\
Rm Ap-ap-X kvt\ln-n-cpp.
Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn-te-p B \Sw CS-nsS a\-n \npw
XnI-n-h-cm-dpv. c-Wbvv Ign-hn-m R \qdp-I-W-n\v
A\m-Y-a-sf t]mp hnj-b-amWv Btem-Nn-p-Xv! R-fn-cp-

74

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hcpw ]e-Im-cy-fpw kwkm-cnpw N sNbvXpw \S--Xn-\m

henb hnjaw tXmn-bn. Akvew kmln_v tNmZnp: ""Cu Ipn-Isf-sbmw sP.Un.nbn-tev sImp-h-cm Ffp--a. ChnsS
R-fpsS Hcp imJ m]n--et \Xv? Rms\-s\ adp-]Sn
]dbpw? Btem-Nnmw Fp am{Xw ]dp.
R e-sn. Atm \m\m-`m-K-p-\npw kp_vlv
_mv tIpp. Xd- ]n-bn Ibdn.- sI.Fw. auehn, Fw.sI. lmPn apX t] Ahn-sS-bpv. \a-kvImc tijw R
\qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bn IqSn. Cu aZvdk Xncq-c-m-Sn-bpsS Ncn{Xw ]pXn-sbmcp Zni-bn-tev Xncn-p-hn tI{-amWv. Xncq-c-mSn
tIcf apkvenw \thm-m\kwcw-`--fpsS tI{hpw. Ncn{Xw hcp--h ]e-tmgpw amv sXn-mWv hc-p-Xv. Nne kXy-
Ahv A{]n-bhpw Atcm-N-I-hp-amWv. `qcn-]--ns ssIbSn
tamln-mWv A-c-m t]\-bp-p-Xv.
Akvew kmln-_ns kmn-y-n N \Sp. sP.Un.-nbpsS Hcp imJ Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn XpS-m Xocp-am-\np. Xmew
A]Xv Ipn-Isf FSpmw. `-W-n-ehv {]Xn-amkw apqdp cq]
thn-h-cp-sav IW-mn. Ccp-qn A]Xv cq] sP.Un.nbn
\nv Xcpw. _mn A]Xv cq] \n Dm-Ww. Akvew kmln-_ns ZoL-_p-n-bm-bn-cpp AXv. tkh\ ]m-fnw Atlw \n_--ambn shp-X-cn-I-bm-bn-cpp. sImp Imcy--fnse
Hcp sImp Imcy-ambn CXv \nn-tm tXmpw. ]s, AhnsS \S--sX-m-sWv tItm-fq. adp-]Sn ]d-bm,- BIs F--emL-h-tmsS Hp aqfm t]mepw Bcpw ss[cy-s-n. sI.Fw.
aue-hn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n Hcp kwLw {]K--m adp-]Sn ]d-bm-
Ign-bmsX Aw-hn-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. Hcp amkw A]Xv cq]tbm?
F-s\ AXp-mpw? Fm-hcpw apJ-tmSv apJw t\mpI Xs. Akvew kmln_v \nw-K-`m-h-n adp-]Sn Imn-cn-p-I-bmbn-cpp. \qdpCkvemw aZvd-k-bnse Aym-]-I-\mb Fs i-fw
Av amkmw \mep cq]. AXmWv Ime-Lw. HSp-hn Fw.sI.
lmPn kmln-_ns Cuam-\ns in AhnsS Pzen-p-bp.
""\apv bmsXmcp Ign-hp-an. ]t, \psS bP-am-\-\mb Amlp
Ghpw Ign-hp--h-\t. A]Xp cq] R-fp-mpw.'' lmPn
]dp. imJ XpS-m Xocp-am-\np.

75

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

1943 Unkw-_ 11\v bXow-Jm\ ]nd-p-hoWp. Fs hnhml]ntv. Ieym-W-]n-tv Hcp aI Fp ]d-bm tXmpp! ]s,
kZm-Nmc \nb-a-n As\ Hcp hnti-jWw Acp-Xm--Xm-Wtm?- Fnepw Fs a\v A{Xbvpw Bm-Z-a-b-am-bn-cpp.
knZv A_vZp-d-lvam _m^Jn X-fpsS Ay--X-bn tN
alm kt-f-\-n shv lmPn A_vZp-m tkv kmln_v
DZvLm-S-\-Iw \n-lnp. ChnsS Nnev Hcp tNmZy-ap-mIpw.
eoKv t\Xm--fpsS BXnYyw! AXpw kpn-I-fpsS _lp-am\y
t\Xm-hmb _m^Jn X Ay-! Ahn-sS-bmWv sI.Fw.
auehn kmln-_ns alXzw \ Adn-tb-Xv. \oXn-bp-sS IWni-X-bn auehn Fpw amXr-I-bm-bn-cpp. apkvenweoKn-s Xncq-cmSn imJ-bpsS sesl-Un Ab At]--bpsS al-mb
]cn-Wm-a-am-bn-cpp B bXow-Jm\. AXns DZvLm-S-\-I\pw Ay-\p-am-Im-\p AlX ae-_m-dnse D-X-\mb Cu t\Xmp Xs-bm-sWv auehn hniz-knp. Al-X-s-Xv Alcm-b-hv ktm-j-tmsS km-\n--W-sa Imcy-n Fs
Kpcp Fpw \n_w ImWn-p-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns \nkzmX B sInS kaq-l-n An-n-Snp InS-p-pv F
kn.Fns hnti-jWw \qdp iX-am\w icn-Xs.
kmtkv kmln_v Cymhn`-P-\-tmsS ]mn-m-\n-tev t]mbn. ]mv Aw_m-kn-U-dmbn Ipsd Imew tPmen t\mn. Ipsd hj-p tijw \mn hp. _p--sfbpw kl-{]-h-I-scbpw kplr-p--sfbpw Fmw Ip aS-n-tmbn. _m^Jn X tIcf kwm\ cq]o-I-c-W-tmsS apkvenweoKns
tv {]kn-U-mbn. Cy bqWn apkvenw eoKns {]kn-U-mbn-cp JmCsZanv apl-Zv Ckvam-Cu kmln_v F emfnXy-n-sbpw tkh-\-ns {]Xo-I-a-m-bn-cp t\Xmhv \ncym-X-\mb-tm X B m\w Gs-Sp-m \n_-n-X-\mbn. _pnam\pw X{-\pw Bm-i-n-bp-ap t\Xm-hm-bn-cpp _m^Jn X. Cy cmjv{So-b-n Atlw {it-b-\m-Im CXpX-s-bm-bn-cpp ImcWw. eoKns A\n-tj[y t\Xm-hm-bn-cn-ptm-gpw kz`mhsshin-jvSyhpw hn\-bhpw At-l-ns IqsS-bpm-bn-cpp. kkap-Zmb ssa{Xn-bn At-l-ns tkh\w
amXr-I-bm-bn-cpp. PmXn aX t`Z-sat\y _m^Jn X BZ-c-Wo-

76

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

b-\mbn. kpn-I-fpsS B[n-Im-cnI kwL-S-\-bmb ka-kvX-bpsS

kap-X t\Xm--fn {]ap-J-\m-bn-cpp Atlw. ]s, apPmlnZv
t\Xm--fmb Fw.sI. lmPn, F.hn. A_vZp-emw auehn XpSnb alZv hyn-I-fpsS Dan{X-ambn hn-m At-l-n\v
Hpw {]bm-k-ap-m-bn-cp-n. Hcp km-ap-Zm-bnI t\Xm-hns ]IzXbpw anX-Xzhpw aqew hym]-I-amb kplrZv_hpw BZ-chpw t\Sm-
At-l-n\p Ignp. Fs-tm-ep hnIr-Xn-I-fmb apPm-ln-ZpI-tfmSpw kvt\l-n\v Ipdhp ImWn-n-n. \mnshpw a-pshpw R [mcmfw CS-]-g-In-bn-pv. Bo-b-X-bpsS tlmsk-bn _m\-dp-ambn tIc-f-n-tep ISp hn-n-m GI
X IpSpw_w _m^Jn IpSpw-_-am-bn-cnpw. ba-\nse lf-d-aun \npw hym]m-cmw tIc-f-n IpSn-bp-d-n _m^Jn
IpSpw_w B ]mc-cyw \ne-\nn. ]mn-I-im-e-bn \npsImv kmap-Zm-bn-Ihpw cmjv{So-bhpw At-lw ssI-bmfn. Ad_n
hwi-P-\mb knZv A_vZp-d-lvam _m^Jn X lv thf-bn-
temIapkvenw-I-fpsS Jn_ve \ne-sIm-p ap shp Xs
\ncym-X-\mbn. AhnsS J_-d-Sw \Sp. Fs D an{Xhpw {]K
t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp km tkv ]mn-m-\n shv A-cnp.
Ccp-hpw Amlp Al-amb {]Xn-^ew \Ip-am-dm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

7
Fs {]nb-s F.hn.
1997 Pq 8 sshIp-tcw Hcp t^m tIm. F.hn. A_vZp-emw auehn A-cnp. 9\v cmhnse 10 aWnv J_-d-Sw. Ipsdt\cw Xcn-n-cpp. ZpJtam, Bizm-ktam? Hpw Xncn-bp-n. aqp
hj-n-te-sd-bmbn shw \nd s_n InS-p-I-bm-bn-cpp.
HXv hj--fmbn tcmKw At-ls Iogvs-Sp-n-bn-cpp. ZoL-amb InS-n ico-c-nse sXmen s]mn {hW-am-Im-Xn-cn-m
tUmIvSam-cpsS \ntZ-i-am-bn-cpp shw \nd InS.
Hm-I- A]Xv hj--tfbpw Xn-amn ]nd-tImv t]mbtm Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn Xs-bmWv Fn-s-Xv. bXow-Jm-\-bpsS DLm-S\w \Sp. GXm\pw amk- ]nnp. A_vZp-emw aue-hnsb

77

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bXow-Jm-\-bpsS amt\-P ]Zhn Fs-Sp-m sI.Fw. auehn Wnp. k-_lp-am\w, kk-tmjw F.hn. hp. D-c-hm-ZnXzw GsSpp. F.hnbp-am-bp Fs _w Ap apX XpSn. Ap
]Xn-m-p-I Ignp. Fs-m cp hb-n\v tase-bmWv
F.hn. bph-Xz-ns XovW-X-bn Bcw-`n B kplr-Zv_w
hm-Iy-ns Ay-bm-aw-hsc t]mbn. BZi-_--n XpSn kplr-Zv_--ns kpZr-V-amb In-bmbn AXv cq]m--c-sp. ktlm-Zc kvt\l-ns De-bm sImfpv. Kpcp-\m-Y-m,
Kpcp- X p- e y- c mb an{X- , ka- { ]m- b - m- c mb kl- { ]- h - I
Fmw Hsm-mbn Fs hnp-t]mbn. F.hnbpw t]mbn.
F.hn. tImS-Xn-bn Hcp Kpa-kvX-\m-bn-mWv Hu-tZym-Kn-IPo-hnXw- Bcw-`n-Xv. AXv a\-n-\n-W-m--Xn-\m ]noSv tPmen
cmPn-shp. AXym-hiyw Ign-p-Iq-Sm hI-bp nXn-bn-em-bncpp Atlw. `mcybpw kmam\yw km-nI tijn-bp--h-cm-bncpp. R-fpsS {]h-\--fn Xm-fpsS tkh\w hfsc Bhiy-am-bn-cn-pp Fv sI.Fw. auehn Adn-bn--tm Atlw
hp. Npa-X-e-I Gs-Spp. F.hn.sbp-dnv Am-es
Fs Hc-\p-`hw a\-n ambmsX InS-pp. HutZym-KnI tPmenIv tijw GXmv apgp-h ka-bhpw Atlw Jp-B ]mcmb-W-n-em-bn-cnpw. \nc-cw HmXpI Xs. B ImgvN Cpw Fs a\-n-epv. F.hn. Ign-hp ]WvUn-X\pw Hm-cw Bkq-{XI\pw anI-hp kwLm-S-I\pw Ffn-a-bp tkh-I-\p-am-bn-cn-p-tm-
Xs Atlw Rv amXr-I-bm-bn-cpp. Cs bphm-
amXrI B{K-ln-p-p-sh-n F.hnsb ]Tnq.
]pXnb Ipn-I F-dn-bpp? Ign-p-t]mb Imew! bm{Xm
ku-I-cy- hnc-f-amb, km-nI ti--fpsS \Sp-hn, ]npW-m Bcp-an-m-sX, kaq-l-ns i-amb FXnv, shdpv,
\m\m-Xcw ]oU-\- Fmw ktm-j-]qw klnpw kam-izknpw kXy-ho-Yn-bn-eqsS XJvh-bpsS ]mtY-b-hp-ambn \S-p-I-b-dnb-h. kzkap-Zm-b-ns Bo-bhpw `uXn-I-hp-amb hfbvpw
Dbbvpw th-n XymK-Po-hnXw \bn F.hn. AS--ap almc-Y-m-cmb amXr-Im-tbm-Ky-cpsS aWw ]nSnv ]n-shv \Sv Ib-dnb Cu km[p-hns\ hntv Ah-scm-sbpw t]mbn. Ah-cpsS Azm\-ns {]Xn-^ew t\Sm. \o kpJ-ZpxJ kn-{i-amb Cu hgnm-c-bn Rm ]nsbpw ]nsbpw H-s-Sp-I-bmWv.

78

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Aco-tmSv k-ap-emw. B t]cv F.hnbpsS ]cymb \mamWv.

kaql Po-X-bpsS hc `qan-bn-eqsS sXfn-\o-cns Nm-ep-I
Hgpn. hnm-\-ns hnp-I ]mIn apf-np. hfw tNv
kwc-nv hfn hep-Xmn. AsXm-sbpw ]pjv]nv ImbvI-\nI \In kaqlw AXv `pPn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-Xv BkwXr-]vXn-tbmsS Ipw Adnpw hnSh-m-nb alm`mKy-hm-\m-bn-cpp
F.hn. A_vZp-emw auehn .- Rm tamln-p-t]m-Ipp,- shdpsX-bmWo tamlw F-dn-bm-sa-nepw bphXzw Hp Xncn-p-In-n-sbn F.hn.sbtmse Ipsd Azm-\n-m-am-bn-cpp. Btcm-Kyn-sbpw bph-Xz-n-sbpw Imev F.hn.tbmsSmv F{X
HmSn-bnpw Rm hfsc ]nd-In-em-bn-cpp. ImcWw I-]-Y-n
F.hn. Ghpw thK-X-bp Hm-m-c-\m-bn-cpp. Atlw Fs
t\Xmhpw Kpcp-Xp-ey-\mb an{Xhpw {]nb-s Fs kl-Im-cn-bp-ambn-cpp.
a\-n-tev Ib-dn-h Hcp Jp-B hN\w. ""tl, kam-[m\w
knn Bmth, \o \ns cn-Xm-hn--tev aS-n-sm-pI.
Xr]vX-\m-bn-smpw Xr]vXn e`n--h-\mb \ne-bnepw Fnv Fs ASn-bm-dp-I-fpsS Iq-n Fs kzK-n {]th-in-p-sImpI''-.- (91:2730)
Fs an-{X-a-mb F.hn. AXym-m-Z-I-c-amb Cu Biw-k-I
Gp-hm-n -t]m-b-h-\m-bn-cnmw Fv Fs a\v a{n-pp.
Am-lp-hn--dnbmw. alm Imcp-Wn-I-\mb dt, Fs F.hnv
\o s]mdpp sImSp--Wta! IcpW sNt-Wta, tamw \In
A\p-{K-ln-t-Wta.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

8
koXn-km-ln_v
A-c-nepw A-nepw A\p-`-h-nepw alm-\m-bn-cpp
sI.Fw. koXn-km-ln_v.- bXow-Jm-\b
- psS Bcw`w sXmp X-s Fm
{][m\ hnj-b--fnepw D]-tZ-jvSmhpw klm-bnbpw \n-tZ-i-I-\p-ambn-cpp Atlw. koXn-km-ln-_ns Xe-tm am{X-a chpw
amwk-hp-samw _pn-bm-bn-cpp Fv tXmn-bn-cpp. aX-kvt\lw,

79

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cmPy-kvt\lw, kap-Zm-b-tm-Sp AS-m KpW-Imw, s]mXp-\-sb Cn-, Fne-pw \nd-p-\np B-mX,

Bkq- { XWsshZKv [ yw, ZoL- Z rjv S n Cs\ CX hnS-n
Fn-bm Xocm hninjvS KpW-v aIpSw Nm-p- almssh-inyw acWw hsc At-l-tm-sSmw Dm-bn-cpp. Ftmgpw ]pn-cn-Xq-Ip hn\-bm-\zn-X-amb B hZ\w. tXm-epw ambvmepw t]mIm B apJw CsX-gp-Xp-tmgpw Fs a\-n-s Im-Snbn Xnf-pp. _n.Fbvv ]Tn-p-tm Xs kz`m-h-Kp-W-n\p kz saU Atlw t\Sn-bn-cpp. B alXzw CS-ap-dn-bmsX At-l-tm-sSmw Dm-bn-cpp. tIcf apJy-a-{nbpw cmjv{Sobm-Nm-cy\pw ImgvN-bn Kn-jvT-\p-am-bn-cp {io ]w Xm-Wp]-n
koXn-km-ln-_ns J_-d-S--n\p tijw \S A\p-tim-N-\tbm-K-n Cs\ ]d--Xmbn Rm Hcn-Sv hmbn-n-pv.
""hnj-a-fpw ZpxJ-fpw hcp-tm \s B\-n-n-m-dp B
"]pncn' \apv \jvS-sp... B ]pncn XqIp apJw C\n \mw
ImWp-I-bn-tm.''kn.Fv. Hcn- FgpXn ""Rm koXnkmln-_ns ]m-Z-sf
]n]n {]hnv Pohn-X-n Nn-e m\--fn-sems Fnt Hcm-fmWv. F{X B\--tmSpw F{X kvt\l-tm-Spw IqSnbm-bn-cpp hf-cm B{K-ln R-sf-sbms Atlw ssI]n-Sn-v
s]mn-smv hXv.''koXn-km-ln-_n-s\-p-dnv tIXpw I-dn--Xp-amb Imcy-
Fgp-Xm-sav Icp-Xn-bm Ftm AXv Ah-km-\npw Fv F\nv Xs \n-b-an. Rm Nne-tm-sgms Hmv t]mIm-dpv.
_men-i-am-sW-nepw koXn-km-ln_v F a\p-jy Cu \mn
P\n-n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Cu kap-Zm-b-ns Ah Fm-Ip-ambn-cpp! h-tmgpw am{Xw P\n-p A]q{]Xn-`-I. Xm Pohn-n-cpp Fv Ah Xe-ap-d-Isf Adn-bnpw. tIcf apkvenwNcn{Xw, A tIcf Ncn{Xw hc-p \oXn-t_m-[-ap GsXmcp Ncn{X-Im-c\pw koXn-km-ln-_ns\ Hgn-hmn Xs IrXyw \n-ln-m\m-hn. apkvenw kap-Zm-b-ns \mt\m-pJ Ncn{XhoYn-I-fn
koXn kmln-_ns ]pncn \nd B hZ\w sXfnp ImWmw.
At-l-an-m tIcf Ncn{Xw Itm Imtem Cm hnI-emw-Ks\
Hmn-npw. 1899 BKv 11\v sImSp--q-cnse Ago-tmSv Ing-

80

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t \q-cn-aTw F Xd-hm-n P\nv 1961 BKv 17\v tIc-f- \nba-k-`-bpsS km-Z-c-Wo-b-\mb kv]o-dm-bn-cns ]c-temI {]m]vX-\m-bn. ]pXnb Xe-ap-d-tbmSv Rm D]-tZ-in-pp. \n koXnkm-ln-_ns\ Adn-bWw. Atmtg \n Cu kap-Zm-bs Adn-h-cmIq.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

9
sP.Un.nsb hnSpp
bXow-Jm\ cp hjw sP.Un.nbpsS imJ-bmbn XpSp. ]noSv B _w hnStn hp. Id-kvt]m-mb F.hn.
A_vZp-emw aue-hnbpw sP.Un.n `mc-hm-ln-Ifpw Xn s]mcp-t-Sp-mbn. {_nojv `c-W-Imew km-cn\v kan-t
IW-p-I-fn Nne AUvP-p-sap-I `mc-hm-ln-I \nt-inp.
AsXmcp \mp-\-S-m-Wtm. DXv D-Xp-t]mse ]d-b-cp-sX-m-Wtm km \nb-a- \s ]Tn-n-p-Xpw ioen-n-p-Xpw.
Hcp sImp I-h-S-m-c t]mepw IW-p-I kXy-k--ambn
Ipdnv shv A[n-Ir-Xp sImSp-m I-hSw ]qn-bXp Xs.
AX-s-n InS-mSw Xs \jvS-sSpw. P\--fn \npw IWp-I ]nSn-p-hmn ]cn-tim-[n-p skbnkv SmIvkv CIw
SmIvkv Hm^o-kam dn-b sNbvXm Xma-kn-bmsX Ah Hcp
Hm^okv Xpdpw. t_m-Uv hbvpw. skbn SmIvkv CIw SmIvkv Ik v. Bfp-I ]ns IW-p-_p-p-I-fp-ambn Atmmbn Hmw. km \b--fpsS Ducm-p-Sp-p-I-fn \npw cs-Sm-\p X{hpw Xchpw Ghpw \mbn Adn-bp--h Cu dntbUv DtZym-K--cm-Wtm. Ifhp ]d-bm\pw I-cw ImWn-m\pw P\- \n_-n--s-Sp-Ibpw ioen-p-Ibpw sNp \nb-ahy-h Hcp hiv. km ko-kn-en-cpv ifw ]n ]Whpw t]cpw t\Sn ]pd-p-h tijw amkw-{]Xn \smcp XpI s]j-\mbn ssIn km-dns\ ]n-m IW-p-I Hn-p
tPmen-bp-ambn adp-h-iv! \nb-a--f-[n-Ihpw a\p-jy-cpsS \bvpw ]ptcm-K-Xnpw thn-b. \nb-a-n\p thn \nbaw \nnp hnh-c-tZm-jn-I.

81

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fm-bmepw F.hn. AUvP-vsan\v hg-m Iqm-n-bn.

At-l-ns kXy-k--X-bpsS IWn-iX {]I-S-amb Hcp {]tXyI
k`-am-bn-cpp AXv. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bm-Is;- t\h-gn-bn \npw A-]w t]mepw amdm \n_-n-p-Itbm t{]cn-n-p-Itbm
sNp-I-bn. CXp-aqew amt\-Pvsapw {_mp A[n-Ir-Xcpw Xn
s]mcp--t-Sn-embn. As\ sP.Un.nbp-ambn _w apdnp.
Fnepw bXow-Jm\ XpS-c-W-sav R Xocp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. As\ Xncq-c-mSn apkvenw Hm^-t\Pv Inn cq]o-I-cnp.
{]h\w XpSp. `mc-hm-ln-Iv IqSp-X ss[cyhpw Bhn-izm-khpw kuI-cy-fpw Hp-Iq-Sn-hp. koXn-km-ln_v Fm-nsbpw ]nd-In Dv Xm\pw.
Cy kzX-{-am-b-Xn-\p-tijw Dmb Hcp kw`hw Hm-bn
hcpp. apkvenw t]cp-I-fn \S-p-h-cp m]-\--tfm-Sp km kao-]\w A\p-`m-h-]q-a-m-bn-cpp. hn`-P-\m-\-c kml-Ncy-ns A\n-hmcy Zpcw. ]e \nb-a-p-cp-p-Ifpw krjvSnv kwL--fpsS {]h-\- \nho-cy-am-p ]eXpw \S-n-pv.
B Iq-ns] Hcp {]tXyI A\p-`hw. ae-_m aZn-cmin kwm-\-ns `mKw. bXow-Jm-\-I Pbn sF.Pn.bpsS Iogn.
Hn\p ]ndsI asm-mbn {]bm-k- hp-I--tm In-nbn Rm Hc-`n-{]mbw ]dp. AXn-\p-am{Xw Rm Av hfnn. Fnepw ]dp. ""\apv Ipdv lnp A\m-Y--p-n-I-tfbpw
FSpmw. `mhn-bn hcm-hp ]e {]bm-k-v Cu \S-]Sn Nnetm KpW-I-c-am-sb-ntem?''- Fs A`n-{]mbw Bcpw ]cn-K-Wn-n.
\apv Ipn-Isf B \nebvv Inp-I-bn,- B {iaw hrYm-hn-em-bn-cnpw Fp Nne ]dp.
Ipsd \m Ignp. Pbn sF.PnbpsS Hcp Ip hp. \n Fp-sImv CXc kap-Zm-b-nse A\m-Y-Ip-n-Isf Cu m]\-n tNp-n? Cu tNmZy-amWv Inse D-Sw.- AtXmsS {]iv\-ambn. adp-]Sn Xm-dm-m\pw \nb-tam-]-tZ-i-n\pw bXowJm-\-bpsS sesl-Up-ambn koXn-km-ln-_ns ASp--tev Bsf hnSm-\p Hcp--n-emWv. Atmgpw Rm Hc-`n-{]mbw ]d-p.
Hcp Aapkvenw Ipn-p-thn Bcpw At] Xcn-Itbm AtX-pdnv Hc-t\z-j-W-hp-ambn Bcpw CXp-hsc Rsf kao-]n-p-Itbm
sNbvXn-n. hm Xo-bmbpw R AXv A\p-`mh]qw

82

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]cn-K-Wn-p--Xm-bn-cnpw Fv adp-]Sn sImSp-m aXn-bm-Ipsav tXmpp. ]s, Rm Hcp \nb-a-t\m _pn-Po-hntbm

Atm. Imcy-{]m-]vXntbm s]mXp-cw-Kv Xg-hpw ]g-hpw e`n-ht\m A. AXp-sIm-p-Xs Fs A`n-{]mbw apJ-hn-ev
FSp-t _m[yX In-nv C.
koXn-km-ln-_ns\ tXSn-tmb B aS-n-hp. Iv Cwo-jn ssSv sNbvXn-pv. {]kn-Uv sI.Fw. auehn Hnv Ab-m
aXn. Iv Fm-sWv t\mn. hfsc Ipd hmNIw. Rm t\cs A`n-{]m-b-s--Xp-Xs. Fm-hpw ktmjw. F\nv
BmZw. Rm dns\ kvXpXnp. km[p-hmb Rm In-n-mn-S-bn ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sm CsXmcp Imc-W-ambn `hnp. dns A\p-{K-l-a-msX as-m-Wn-Xn-ep-Xv!
]noSv Inn Cu Imcy-n Kuc-h-ambn Nnnp. a{nbpw
apkv]o-dp-am-bn-cp Nmocn Alva-ZvIpn kmln_v A-v Inn-bn-epv. Atlw ]dp. Fs Iogn A\m-Y-cmb lnp-Ip-nI-fpv. Ah-sc-sb-Spmw. Nmocn Hcp {]_e k IpSpw-_n-se AwK-am-Wtm. A-c-mv Am-e-sms \mtSmSn
_U-p-I-m F t]cn Hcp kwL-ap-m-bn-cpp. A[x-IrXkapZm-b-ns]--h. {]_-e-m-cpsS Bm-\p-hnIfpw IpSn-bmm-cp-am-bn-cpp Ah. As kmaq-lnI PmXnhyh--bn
Ipcp-n-n-S-p-I-bmWo Iq. Ah-cns] Ap Ipn-Isf Nmocn sImp-hp. AXn \mep-t]cpw CSbvv shv t]mbn. Hcm-
_mn-bmbn. Ah ]nSn-p-\np. ]mw-Xcw ]mmbn.- A-hn-Ss
s{Sbn-\nwKv kvIqfn tNp.- AXp Ign--tm kvIq-fn Xs
Aym-]-I-\mbn \nb-anp. B hyn ]noSv apkvenweoKns Fw.F.F. Bbn tim`np. ]noSv eoKns t\man-\n-bm-bn ]nIv
kokv Io-j sa-dmbn. sI.]n. cma am.- Atlw RfpsS hfp]p{X-\mWv. \-h-\mWv. Rm At-ls CjvS-sSpp. _lp-am-\yhpw D-X-hp-amb m\v ]n.-Fkv.knbpsS
t_mUv sh Imdn Atlw hn-d-p-Xv Im-Wp-tm ]p{Xhm--ey-ns Ipfn-bmWv a\-n. Hcn- Xncq-cn shv
Hcp ZfnXv bphmhv Fs ASpv hp hn\-b-]qw kvt\l-tmsS kwkm-cnp. A-]w Ign-mWv Bsf Xncn--dn-Xv. bXow
Jm-\-bn \npw hnp-t]mb \mep Ipn-I-fn Hcm-fm-bn-cpp AXv.

83

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

At-l-ns s]cp-am--n a\w Ipfnp. cma amjv ]n.Fkv.kn. sa-dm-bn-cns A-cnp.

Rm Ipsd-mew bXow-Jm-\-bpsS amt\-P-cmbpw {]hnp.
]n-o-Sv- Rm- kp-DuZn Atd-_y-bn Ign-bp Imew. Fw.sI. lmPn
ln\v h-p. Rm tImgvkv ]qn-bmn \np-I-bmWv. lmPn
kmln_v FtmSv \mn-tev hcm Bh-iy-sp. Atlw ]d-bpI-bmWv,- \n-fpsS kmn[yw F\nv henb kam-[m-\-am-bn-cnpw.
A{X-bvsmpw Rm\n-sv F\nv \mbn Adnbmw. lmPnkmln-_n-\v Ftm-Sp kvt\lw AXnI-hn \ne-bn {]I-Snn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Rm hp. amt\-P-cmbn Npa-X-e-tbp. At-ln\v Fs-n-m Xr]vXn. F\npw Xr]vXn.
Hcn- Hcp kw`hw. hnip Jp-B-\ns hiyX Ipn-I-fn
{]I-S-amb Hc-\p-`hw Cpw Rm ad-n-n. Hcp-]mSv Imcy- adp-t]mbn. ]s, CXv Hm-bn Xn-n-S-pp. Hcp Ipn-bpsS
s]n-bn \npw ]Ww Ifhv t]mbn. kwJy Ipd--[n-I-ap-m-bn-cpp. As \nev AsXmcp henb XpI-bmWv. Ipn-I-fpsS In A{X-am{Xw ss]k Dm-bXpw sXv. Rm asf hnfn-p-Iqn.
h Akv kqdv HmXn. AXv hni-Zo-I-cn-p-sImv Hcp mkv
FSpp. If-hns `uXn-Ihpw ]mc-{Xn-I-hp-amb tZmj- B Iqn Dun-dp. {]kwKw Ignp. B cq] FSp--h ChnsS hcq. Fv hnfnp ]dp.- ApXw! Hcp Ipn Ic-p-sImv
Iq-n \nv Fgp-tp hp. ss]k Ahs In \npw
sNe-hm-bn-tm-bn-cpp. `mKy-n\v Atm Fs In ss]k
Dm-bn-cpp. Rm DS-a-\v sImSpp. Ifhv sNbvX-hs\ Bizkn-np. D]-tZ-inp. B Ipn ]noSv \-h\pw anSp--\p-am-bn-op. samd-bqm-c-\mWv. CsX-gp-Xp-tm kpJ-an-msX InS-n-emWv. Rm t]mbn In-cpp. Jp-B a\pjya\-ns\ ]e-tm-gpw
Ap-X-I-c-amb \ne-bn kzm[o-\n-pp. B kzm[o\w Ah-s
Pohn-X-n-ep-S-\ofw Ahs\ \bn-p-Ibpw sNpw.
apl-Zv \_n Hcn- "APvav' F Jp-B Aymbw
Hcp kwL-ns apn shv HmXn. IqSp-Xepw _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[I-cm-bn-cpp kZ-n. ""^kvPp-Zq-en-mln'' (A-Xn-\m- Am-lp-hn\v \n-- kmjvSmwKw sNq) Fp ]d--tXmsS i-amb Hcm-

84

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v hnt[-b-amb \ne-bn apgp-h Bfp-Ifpw kpPq-Zn hoWp.

\Sp-h-f-m Ign-bmsX hnj-an-p Hcm av FSpv s\n-bn
shp. Jp-Bs Aam-\p-jn-I-X-bmWv ChnsS Zriy-am-bXv. B Ipnbn ]cn-h-\-ap-m-n-bXpw Jp-B Xs. Ncn-{X-n Htsd A\p-`-h- ImWmw.
F.hn. A_vZp-emw auehn bXow-Jm-\v thn tkh\w
sNm h-tm Fm-hcpw ktm-jnp. Aco-tmSv AXp-aqew
Hcp hnS-hp-mbn. PwC--p apPm-ln-Zo F kwLw F.hnbpsS Acpa km-\-amWv. AXns Iogn apf-p-h-fv ]-enp
\np hnZym-`ymkkap-bw kp-ap-emw F t]cn \n
ImWp-nt. F.hn. A_vZp-emw aue-hn-bpsS Kw AXns\
hebw sNbvXn-pv. Hmtcm alm {]m-\-pw Hmtcm almm \nan--am-Ip-I-bmWv. AYhm AXp-aqew Nne hyn-I almm-cpsS ]Z-hn-bn-tev Db-s-Spp. Fs _lp-am\y kplrm-bn-cp tUm. A_vZp K^q ka-\mb Hcp `nj-Kz-c-\m-bncpp. ]t, Atlw P\-e---fpsS a\-n ambmsX \npXv Fw.C.Fk-v F al-mb {]m-\-ns m]-I F
\ne-bn-emWv. Hcp Ime-L--n i-amb FXnns Xoq-f-bntev Fw.C.Fkv. Fdn-b-sp. apkvenweoKp-ambn Dmb Nne
A`n-{]mb `n-X-bm-bn-cpp ImcWw. adp-`m-Kv icpw {]_ecpw
P\-]n-pW th-Xn-e-[nIw Bn--h-cp-amb t\Xm- Fw.C.Fn-s\-Xnsc AWn-\n-cp. B {]Xn-k-n-L--n Fw.C.Fns\ ]nSn-p-\nn-bXpw hfn-bXpw tUm. A_vZp K^qdns hyn-{]-`m-hhpw _pn-]-c-amb At-l-ns t\Xr-Xz-hp-ambn-cpp F Imcyw Bpw ad-m Ign-bn. Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb
Hcp kwL-\w Fv Rm AXns\ hnti-jn-n-s. ImcWw,
AXn-cq--amb B kwL-\w aqew Bpw tZmj-ap-m-bn. apkvenw eoKpw hfp IqSp-X i-ambn. Fw.C.Fkpw hfp A`nam-\-I-c-amb Ah--bn-tev IpXnp. Fp-sImv? {]m-\-sf \bn-p--h-cpsS CJvemkv Xs ImcWw. Ah-cpsS \nkzm-Xbpw B-ip-nbpw kmap-Zm-bnI {]Xn-_--Xbpw Fm Xmev]cy-pw AXo-X-am-bn-cpp. Ahv Am-lp-hns `mKv
\npw klmbw e`npw. FXnp-IsImv ]c-kv]cw I-e-l-n-mepw Bpw X-tap-I-bn.

85

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xs A`m-h-n Aco-tmSv t]mbn Ipdv {]h-\--fn

Gs-S-W-sav F.hn. FtmSv \nt-inp. Rm t]mbn. Ipdp-\m As\ Ignp. Ahn-Ss Hcp ]gb ]n hfsc A{i-amb Ah--bn-em-bn-cpp. \a-kvImcw t]mepw {Ia-ambn \S-ncp-n. B ]n-bpsS ss-I-Im-cyIpSpw-_-nse HcwKw PwC--p apPm-ln-Zos {]h-I-\m-bn-o-p. AsXmcp A\p-Iq-e-amb
LS-I-ambn. PwC--ns Bfp-I {ItaW ]n-bpsS \S-nv
Gs-Spp. ]s, AhnsS PpapA C. AXv XpS-m B-pw
ss[cyw t]mcm. ]gb al-ns A\p-hmZw InWw. AXv Inp-I-bpan. PpapA XpS-m Rm DZy-anp. A\-cw Dm-Im-hp
{]iv\--fn \n Xs D-c-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cn-p-sav PwC--pIm Fs XmoXv sNbvXp. Rm AXv k-Xnp. Hcp tbmKw hnfnv Ah-cpsS `bm-i--I HXp-m Rm Ipsd {iaw \Sn.
As\ PpapA XpSn. Hp-ap-m-bn. B ]n-bmWv kp-ap-emw tImtf-Pn-\-Spv Ctm Xe-bp-bn \np-Xv. Am-lphn\v kvXpXn!Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm-\-sb-p-dn-mWv ]d-p-h-Xv. CSbvv
hgn-am-dp-pv. A\p-_Imcy--sf \ne-bn CSv NneXv ]dtb-n-hcpw. {]Xn-amkw AXv cq] F-s\-bp-mpw Fm-temNnv Dcw InmsX apJ-tm-Sp-apJw t\mn-bn-cp Ah--bn
\npw cW IpXnc hnv Iqen sImSp-m-\n-msX- Iqcm-Iq-cn-cpn Ap ssa Atmpw Xncn-n-tmpw \S-p-t]mb Imehpw
ISp. bXow-Jm\ ]Xps ]Xps hfp. Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS
ZrV-amb Xh-p-en \npw Dbp-h hmp-I A\zambn. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS hnIm-c-hn-h-i-amb InX-ns i_vZw
Fs ImXp-I-fn apg-pp. tIcfapkvenw-I-fpsS Xe-sb-Sp-p
Hcp alm{]m-\-ambn dns A\p-{K-l-m AXv hfv ]enp. F.]n. kvIq, Hm-dn-b- sslkvIq, ko-Xn-km-ln-_v- satm-dn-bn- s{Sbv\nwKv kvIq-, t]m kmln_v satm-dn-b
BSvkv tImtfPv, _ncp-Zm-\-c _ncpZ tImgvkp-I, sI.Fw. auehn satm-dn-b Ad-_n-tm-tfPv, hnim-e-X-bp akvPnZv, bXow-Ipn-Im-bp tlm- sIn-S-, B[p-\nI kuI-cy--tfmsS
{]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb Fw.-sI. lmPn satm-dn-b tlmkv]n-. kn.Fv. ]d--Xp-t]mse Hcp m\-hr-s BmX AXn

86

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

An-n-Sn-n-cn-p-pv. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS B InX-ns i_vZw, alm-\mb BXp-c-tk-h-I Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS hnbns aWhpw AhnsS Rm Adn-bpp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

10
Fw.sI. lmPnbpw apkvenweoKpw
apkvenweoKn-sbpw Ckvemlo {]m-\-n-sbpw BXpc
tkh\Ncn-{X-nse Hcp s]mXqh-emWv Cu alm {]m\w.
apkvenweoKns esl-n Ipdn hmp-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wn-Xns
XpSw. apPm-lnZv t\Xm- CXns a\pw ico-c-hp-am-bn-cpp.
eoKn-sbpw Ckvemlo aqhvsan-sbpw a\pw Xe-tm-dp-am-bn-cp koXn-km-ln-_m-bn-cpp CXns cm-[n-Imcn. _m^-Jn-X-,
kmtkv, _n. t]m kmln_v Fw.]n,- Nmocn Alv-a-Zv-Ipn,
Ahp-m-Z Ipn-\l, C_vdmlow kpsse-am tkv Fw.]n, kn.Fv. apl-Zv tImb, kn.Fv. C{_mlow lmPn, Imcm-S apl-Zv
Ipn lmPn As\ F{X-sb{X eoKv apPm-lnZv t\Xm- AXn\v
hfhpw shhpw \In. apkvenw eoKns A`n-am-\-I-c-amb t\-fpsS ]n-I-bn {]Im-in-p Hcp s]mhnf-mWv Xncq-c-mSn
bXow-Jm\ Fv ]d-bp--Xn Hc-Xn-i-tbm-n-bp-an.
apkvenw eoKn Dmb \n`m-Ky-I-c-amb ]nfns Lw. N{nI ]{X-a-Sw ]e m]-\-fpw Fw.sI. lmPn t\XrXzw \Inb
AJn-teym apkvenweoKns kzm[o-\-h-e-b-n-em-bn-cpp. Fm kn.Fns t\Xr-Xz-n Hsm-mbn adp-`mKw Xncn-s-Sp-pI-bm-bn-cpp. Cu cmjv{Sob ]ncn-p-amw ]pI-bp XoIp-WvUambn.
bqWn-beoKns AJn-teym {]kn-Uv C{_mlow kpsse-am-
tkv bXow-Jm-\-bpsS {]kn-Uv. AJn-teymeoKns kw-m\
{]kn-Uv Fw.sI. lmPn bXow-Jm-\-bpsS sk{I-dn. In-n-bn
Ccp-hn-`m-K-mcpw {]_-e-am-bpv. bXow-Jm-\-bp-sSbpw A\p-_
m]-\--fp-sSbpw `mhn Xpem-k-n-emWv. Fw.sI. lmPnsb Xm-\p \nv \on m]-\- adp-]--ns A[o-\-nem-m AWn-b-d-bn NcSvhen Bcw-`np. Fs-tm-ep Hn\pw ]m--hv Ic-bm-\-msX thsdv Ignbpw?- Av Rm

87

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sImn ]pXnb ]n-bn JXz-o-_mbn Ign-bpp. kk-_o-ens

{]kn-o-I-cW Imcy-fpw Ahn-sS-Xs. Rm Ic-p-sImpw
sI.Fw. aue-hnsb A\p-kva-cn-p-sImpw Fw.sI. lmPnv Ibp. AJn-teymeoKns {]kn-Uv m\-sa-nepw \n HgnbpI. \psS {]nb-s m]-\-ns KpW-I-c-amb `mhnp
thn. ]s Fp-sImtm Atlw hg-n-bn. thZ-\-tbmsS
Rm {]mn-p-sIm-n-cpp. Am-lp-hn `c-ta]np. i-amb B bp-ap-Jv ap-Wn-tm-cm-fn-bmbn ]S-sh-p kn.Fp-ambn
]e-L---fnepw Hn-p-Iq-Sp-Ibpw temlyw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNm-dpm-bn-cpp. ]s, CtX-p-dnv anm Ftm F\np ss[cyan. Fm Am-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-m kn.Fv. Imcy-n-s
Kuchw I-dnp. X-fpsS cmjv{Sobbp-n kn.Fn-s
\mhp AXn-aq-tb-dnb Bbp-[- FXn-cm-fn-Iv t\sc \nccw FbvXp-hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-tmgpw "ip-\n ip-\mb Fw.sI.
lmPn' F kwt_m-[-I-\mbm-Wv Ftmgpw \S-n-tm-n-cp-Xv.
AXp-tI k`--fn Fs a\v `b-n-em-sW-n-epw {]Xo
Df-hm-n-bn-cpp. X-fpsS cmjv{Sob ka-c-n bXow-Jm-\sb
Bbp-[-am-m kn.Fv. k-Xn-n. Fw.sI. lmPn-sb Ahn-sS-\npw Hgn-hm-m Dt-in-p-Xp Xs XnIpw B-l-Xym-]-c-amb
]m]-am-sWv ZoL-Zr-mb kn.Fv. I-dn-p. In-p-Iv
`oI-cm-h--bn-se-p-am-bn-cp B {]iv\w ap-t]mse XWpp.
Am-lp-hn\v kvXpXn.
alm-\mb BXpctkh-I, ]Xn-\m-bn-c--fmb bXo-ap-I-fpsS
"lmPn-bm-cp' kzw `h\w bXowav Xma-kn-m Hgn-psIm-Sp-p-Ibpw ]noSv AXv Ahp thn Zm\w sNp-Ibpw PohnXw bXo-ap-I-fpsS kwc--W-n-\mbn kan-p-Ibpw sNbvX
Fs {]mWkplrv bmsXmcp _lp-a-Xnbpw Bin-msX, At\zjnp t]mImsX, \ni-_vZ-\mbn, kwXr-]vX-\mbn Cu temIw hnpsImv Fs ChnsS X\n-mn t]mbn. At-l-ns t]mp-a kztZ-ipw hntZ-ipw Bbn-c--W-n\v ]c-p-In-S-pp.
F{Xtbm t] D-X--fn Fn-sp. Ah-cn k-\-p
Bbn-c--fpsS {]m\ ]c-tem-Iv At-ls m\w sImv
Dbp-sav Rm Bin-pp. temI-p apgp-h klm-b-lkvX--fp-sSbpw in-sImv _wKm-fn Hcm-Xp-c-ime \S-n-bp-

88

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cp aZ sXtc-ksb aoUn-b-I hmgvn-bXpw Ah-cpsS ih-a-n\v HutZym-KnI _lp-aXn tImcn-sm-cn-Xpw I-tm Rm

Hp ]nSp. Cu Zp\n-bm-hn Aln-p--hv Aln-p-Xv
e`n-p-I-bn. ]c-tem-I-ns ]cn-]mSn \n-bn--Xn\v dns\
F{X kvXpXn-mepw aXn-bm-Ip-I-bn. \nXyhpw ]Xn-t\gv {]mhiyw
]c-tem-I-ns DS-b-hs\ kvXpXn-m \n_-n--s--Xns
s]mcp CsXm-s--s-bmWv. aqvI-n Ip-l-Zv
lmPn. AXmWv Fw.sI. lmPn. {]tXy-I-ambn At-ls ]pXnb
Xe-apd H-dn-bpI Xs thWw. Rm Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn h Imev Atlw aZn-cm-in-bn-emWv. \mn h-tm auehn Fs
]cn-N-b-s-Spn. Fs hnh-c- Adn--tm Atlw Gsd
kp-jvS-\mbn. Fs Atlw Cfb ktlm-Z-c-s\-tmse IWm-n-b-Xm-bmWv F\nv tXmn-bXv. lmPn-bpsS D aI-s\-tmse Fs kvt\lnp. Rm B IpSpw-_-nse AwK-ambn.
\mnse Hcp kmaq-lnI{]h-I-\m-bn-cpp lmPn kmln_v.
aueo-Zn-sbpw dmo-_n-sbpw sImSnhml-I-\p-am-bn-cpp. apdw
Pmd-nse t\ BtLm-j-n-,- AXns t\Xr-Xz-n-ep-mIpw.
Hcp N-n-bpsS Fm `mh-fpw At-l-n-\p-m-bn-cpp. kmn-I-ambn h-qPyw. D Acn--ncn Dmn hnv IpSpw_w ]pep-I-bm-bn-cp-p. sXmgn tXSn Bfp-I aZn-cm-in-bnepw _mw-q-cnepw t]mIp Imew. hni-ns hnfn-bp-ambn Atlw aZn-cm-in-bntev t]mbn. lh IjvW--fmn apdnv Ip-bn shv Xe-bnten \Sp hnpw. Hcp Znhkw ZoL-ambn \S-npw Hpw hnn. tZjyhpw k-Shpw Ak-ly-ambn. aZn-cm-in-bnse Hcp ]me-ns apI-fn \npw Ip Xmtg-s-dnp. I-hSw As\ Xo-p.
a\v im-am-b-tm thsd I-hSw XpSn. Nmb--Sbpw t_dnbpw.- tat-cn-bnse Al-v-a-Zv sdtm-dpw tKmU t_-dnbpw.
AXn-eqsS ]Xps ]ptcm-K-Xn-s-p-hp. \mn Ipdp km-Znp.
cmw temI alm-bp Imew. Pms Hcp t_mw_p hjw aZn-cmin-bn Dmbn. I-h-S-m anXpw t]Snp ew-hnp. lmPn
]nSn-p-\np. At-l-ns Xh-p Hp-thsd Xs-bmWv.
Am-lp-hns hn[n-bn \npw Fhn-tSv Hfn-tm-Sm!
Cu Ime-mWv sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n \qdp
Ckvemw aZvdk XpS-p-Xv. AXn\v ew hmm Fm-hcpw

89

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tNv Ipsd ]Ww F-s\tbm Hnp. t]mcmsX h kwJyv

lmPn-bpsS hoSv _mn ]W-b-s-Spn. Cs\ Fpw Dt]-nv Zo\otkh-\-n\v Xp\n-n-dn. CXn-s\ms tij-amWv R ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-Xv. Imcy--sfms Adn--tm Af-h
_lp-am-\-ambn At-l-tmSv. ]noSv bXow-Jm\ XpS-n-b-tm
bXow-a-sf Xma-kn-n-m Xs hoSp-sIm-Spp. Ipsd Ignv
kzw hoSv bXow-Jm-\v Zm\w sNbvXp. Fsmcp a\v!
tImfd _m[nX Imev Atlw dneo^v In-n-bp-mn. kn.Fv. apl-Zv am, hen-bmv Ip-lvaZv lmPn, kn.Fv. Aen
l lmPn, kn.Fv. Al-Zv am, Imcm-S Al-Zv lmPn
XpS-n-b-h AXn ]m-fn-I-fm-bn-cpp. Rm\pw AXn tNv
{]hnp. Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS Ghpw henb KpWw At-l-ns Zo\-Z-bm-epXzw Xs-bm-bn-cpp. AXv Hcp ISa \n-ln-p
a\-tm-sS-bm-bn-cpp. cmjv{So-b-n BZyw apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln-_ns injy-\m-bn-cpp. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bp-am-bp
_-tmsS koXn-km-ln-_ns A\p-bmbn Bbn amdn. bmsXmcp
`uXnI emt`-bpw s]mXp-Im-cy--fn At-l-n-\p-m-bn-cp-n. CsX-\nv Xop ]d-bm Ignbpw. \mSn\pw kap-Zm-b-n\pw
KpWw InWw CXp am{X-amWv Bi. \n_ ISa \n-ln-p
kz`mhw.
Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS alXzw hn-m F\nv aXn-h-cn. A{Xbpw kZvKp-W--fpsS tIZm-c-am-bn-cpp Atlw. sI.Fw. au-e-hnbp-am-bp _-s-p-dnv Atlw FtmSv ]d kw`hw:
"C-p Ckvemw' F Hcp Inn kmaq-lnI cwKv {]hn-n-cpp. Hcp Znhkw sN\- ]n-bn Cu In-n-bpsS Hcp
tbmKw ]d-h sI.]n. sambvXoIpn apkvenbm-cpsS Ay--Xbn \S-p-I-bmWv. Atm sI.Fw. auehn \a-kvI-cn-p-hm
]n-bn Ibdn hp. R At-ls shdp-p Imew.
]mn Al--ZvIpn apkvenbm-cpsS hAf-v tIv ]ncn-p-t]m-Ip-bm-fp-I aue-hn-bpsS hoSn\v ap]n-ep CS-h-gn-bn (Ctm
AXv Smdn tdmUmWv) hp-IqSpw. Xn apl--ZvIpn Fsm-cm
hnfn-p-]-dbpw. Atm ap--h eA-\-p-mln Fv hnfnp
]dbpw. CXv Inv Hcp shdppw tXmm Imew. Cu kZ-ns
apn-te-mWv aue-hn-bpsS IS-p-h-chv. At-ls I am{X-

90

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn kpn t\Xm-hmb ]d-h apkvenbm NmSn Fgp-tv AXy[nIw _lp-am\w {]I-Sn-np. Atlw aue-hn-bpsS injy-\m-bn-cpp-hs{X! R Fm-hcpw Ap-X-sp. CXv Fp ]pXpa! sI.Fw. aue-hn-tbmSv C{X-tmfw BZ-cthm! Cu Nn \njv]--ambn
]Tn-m Nnesc t{]cn-X-cmn. At-l-tm-Sp kZv_--ns
XpS--am-bn-cpp AXv. ]noSv -au-ehn kmln_v C-p Ckvemw In-n-bn R-fpsS At] {]Imcw AwK-ambn. AXns
{]kn-U-mbn. \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bpsS \S-nv Cu Inn
Gs-Sp-p-I-bm-bn-cpp''.aue-hnsb lmPn-km-ln_v A\p-kva-cn-p GXm\pw hmN-I- IqSn ChnsS ]Ip-tm AsXmcp Ncn{X]mT-ns `mK-ambn-ocpw.
""1920 Xncq-c-mSn Ipcn-bXSw ssaXm-\n-bn \S Hcp Jnem^-v kt-f-\-n sI.Fw. auehn Hcp {]kw-KI-\m-bn-cpp.
B tbmKw Ign--tm sNcn-n-bn Ipn-t]m- F Hcp
kvt\ln-X\pw Rm\pw Xn Hcp ASn-I-e-i \Sp. AXn
ayw hlnv Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Xv Jnem-^v {]m-\-ns
As Gd-\mSv Xmeqv sk{I--dn-bm-bn-cp sI.Fw. auehnbpw Xncq-c-m-Sn-bnse {]h-\-v t\XrXzw \In-bn-cp
Ben apkvenbm-cp-am-bn-cpp. Fs ta cp cq] ]ng- hn-[n-p-sImmWv Xocp-am-\-am-bXv.
sI.Fw. aue-hn-bp-ambn AmWv F\nv BZy-ambn ]cn-N-b-sSm Ign-Xv. Xn apl--ZvIpn apkvenbm FmWv Atlw
Adn-b-s-n-cp-Xv. \smcp s]mXp{]h-I-\m-bn-cpp Atlw.
Hcp Dze {]mkw-Kn-I\pw.- 1922 Atlw \mSp-hn tijw Hcp
hnh-chpw Rm Adn-bp-Itbm At\z-jn-p-Itbm sNbvXn-n-sv
]dbmw. 1933emWv Atlw hopw \mn Xncn-s-n-bXv. Av
R Fm-hcpw At-l-ns ITn\ hntcm-[n-I-fm-bn-cpp. hgnbn-eqsS \S-p-t]m-Ip-tm R-fn Nne At-ls ]cn-lkn-p-Ibpw Bt-]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. Atlw sFIy-mc-\m-sWpw ]ng-p-t]m-b-h-\m-sWpw ap-am-bn-cpp R [cnn--s-n-cp-Xv''.Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS BZi-]-c-amb ]cn-h-\hpw kwkvI-cWhpw Atlw Xs Gp-]-d-bp-Xv ImWpI. ""Fs aX-]-c-amb

91

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Imcy-Zin sI.Fw. aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. A-X-bn \npw A\mNm-c-X]-c-X-bn \npw Fs ap-\mn bYm Xulo-ZneqsS Fs \bnv Am-lp-hns icn-bmb Hc-Sn-a-bmbn Fs
cq]m--c-s-Sp-n-bXv Atlw am{X-amWv. At-l-ns {][m\
A`n-em-j-am-bn-cpp Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn Hcp DX aX-hn-Zym-ebw
m]n-p-I-sb-Xv. Fs ac-W-n\p ap]p Xs At-l-ns A`n-emjw km[n-m Rm ]cn-{i-anpw.'' (sI.Fw. auehn
kvamcI {K-n \nv)
Fs kplr-p- Adn-bWw. Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm-\-sbbpw
A\p-_ m]-\--sfbpw Rm AKm-[-ambn kvt\ln-pp.
Fs Acp-a-bmb aI-sf-tmse.- Fs t]\-p-n XpS-nb hmp-I-fn-eqsS P\np hfv \nXy-bp-h-Xz-n hncm-Pn-p B
kpcn aIsf Rm Fs\ kvt\ln-m-Xn-cnpw. tImg-bn
Fmw ASn De-bp Cu A[mnI Ime-L--n, tImgbvv
[-n-sbpw tkh-\-n-sbpw bpn\ymb- Ah-X-cn-np--h-cpsS apn \nb-a-\-n\pw {]th-i-\-n\pw Hcp ss]k
t]mepw hmmsX \ne-\n-p-h-cp Cu m]\w! Fw.sI. lmPn
sImp-\-S B hnipn \-h-\mb ]pXnb sk{I-dn kn.Fv.
Ip-l-Zv lmPn (kn.Fv. C_vdmlow lmPn-bpsS A\p-P)
\ne-\nn-tm-cpp. lmPn kmln-_ns hntbm-Km-\-cw A\m-Yamb A-co--n ]pXnb sk{I--dn-bmbn ]ecpw Nqn-m-WnXv Ct-l-s-bm-bn-cpp. ]s, k-Xn-p-sav Dd-n. Atm Ah Fs Iqns-mp-t]mbn. Rm At-l-tmSv Imcy-a-hX-cn-np. Atm Atlw Icp. Rm DSs\ ]dp. ""\n- Xs-bmWv Cu m\-n\v Al Fv F\n-n-tm
t_m[y-am-bn-cn-pp. Am-lp-hns\ ap\nn AtX-s-Sp-psIm-pI''.]gb Bfp-I-fn amt\-PnwKv In-n-bn Imcm-S apl-Zv lmPnbpw Rm\pw am{X-amWv Ctm _mn-bp-Xv. ]gb Ncn-{Xtm-Sp A\p-`mh kvacW am{X-am-sWp tXmpp. Hn\pw
Ign-bm, {]mbw -sImpw oWn-X-\mb Fs Ah sImp-\S-p-Xv. Cu HuZm-cy-n\v \n F c--c-a-msX ]Icw
sImSp-m Fs ] Hp-an. Fs aq aI sI. l_o-_bpw Ah-fpsS `mhv tUm. apkvX^m Iam ]mjbpw ]n.Fkv.-

92

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fw.H. tImtf-Pn s{]m^-kam-cmbn tPmen sNpp. cm-as

aI Ban\ bXow-Jm-\-bpsS F.]n. kvIqfn Ad_n Aym-]nI-bmWv.- (Ahsc-mw- dn-b sNbvXp). Cu alZv m]\w Ime-sf AXn-Po-hnv kap-Zm-b-n\v Xmpw XW-ep-ambn \ne-\np-amdm-Is. Amlp Ahs A\p-{Klw h-am-\-ambn AXn-t
sNmcn-bs.
]Xn-\mep hj-p ap]v Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS Nca hm
t_mws_-bn shmWv Rm Adn-Xv. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS
]p{X Sn.sI. aplvbn-o Da-cn-bp-samv Rm Hcp bm{X-bn-em-bncpp. GXm\pw Znh-k-p tijw R \mn-sen. lmPn
kmln-_ns J_d-n-\-cnsI hnXp-p lrZ-b-tmsS \np. Atl-ns an-n-\p-thn \a-kvI-cnp. Fs Hm-I \in-msX \np Ime-tmfw Fw.sI. lmPnsb Rm kvacnpw.
At-l-ns \-I Ign-bp-{X Rm A\p-I-cnpw. ]c-tem-Is kzK-n At-l-hp-ambn F\nv kl-h-kn-Ww. Amlpth, \o \nd-th-n--tc-Wta!
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

11
auem\m Nmen-e-Iv
auem\m Nmen-e-Iv Ip-l-Zv lmPnsb Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-ns t\Xm--fn {]ap-J-\mbn Nne hnti-jn-n-m-dpv.
AXp icn-b. At-l-ns tkh\w AXn\pw hfsc ]nd-In
\npw XpS-pp. apkvenwtIc-f-ns \mt\m-pJ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS tI{hpw kzmX{y ka-c-ns tNmc-sImv Nph ans
{]tZ-i-hp-amb Xncq-c-m-Sn-bpsS Acpakm-\-amWv auem\m Nmene-Iv. Rm JpXp_ ]cn-io-en Xd- ]n auem\m FSp-n-XmWv. ]c--\-m-Sn-bn \nmWv hnhmlw sNbvXXv. cp `mcyam-cp-m-bn-cpp. Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn \nmWv asmcp hnhmlw. Fs
`mcymamXm-hns tPyjvTktlm-Zcn. Fs `mcymIp-Spw-_w- Nm-en-eI-p-Im FmWv Adn-b-s-Sp-Xv. aX-hn-Zym-`ymk cwK-v Hcp
\thm- m\ \mb- I - \ mbn auem\m Nmen- e - I v cwK- { ]- t h- i w
sNbvX-tXm-sS-bmWv Atlw Ncn-{X-ns `mK-am-Ip-Xv. hmg-

93

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

mSv At-l-ns ZmdpDeqw aZvdk Ckvemlo {]m\ {]h-\-v hnp-]m-Im DgpXp adn Hcp ]mS-ti-J-c-ambn `hnp. ke^o {]m-\-ns ]S-\m-b-I-m-cpsS \mb-I-\mb sI.Fw. auehn Cu aZvd-k-bn \npw ]Tnp. {]nb injy-\m-bn-cp-tm Kpcp-hns Fgp-p-Im-c-\mbn Imn_v F t]cn Adn-bsp. auem-\m-bpsS aIsf hnhmlw sNbvXp. C.sI. auehn, C.
sambvXp auehn XpS-nb {]K t\Xm- hmg-mSv aZvd-kbnse hnZymn-Ifpw sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS kXoy-cp-am-bn-cpp. auem-\-bpsS ]p{X-m Fw.kn.kn. ktlm-Z-c-m F t]cnemWv ]scs Adn-b-s-n-cp-Xv. Fw.kn.kn. Al-v-a-Z-v auehn,
Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam auehn, Fw.kn.kn. lk- auehn
Fn- h - H - n- s \mv sa- s ]Wv U n- X - m- c mbn tim`np.
Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam auehn Ckvemlo {]h-\--fn
AXoh _pn-im-enbpw Bkq-{X-I\pw sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS kX kl-Nm-cn-bp-am-bn-cpp. ]pfn- aZo-\-pDeqw Ad-_n-tmtf-Pn-s\-p-dnv Hmp-Xp Xs Fw.kn.kn. auehn F t]cn \nmWv. BZy-L--n kpn apkvenbm--fn htXm-p-Ifm-bn-cp ]e-cp-ambn hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-v \n_-n-X-amb L-fn-semw AXns Npm-\mbn Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam auehn
Xs-bmWv cwKv \nXv. auem-\-bpsS injy-mcpw ]p{X-mcpw
tN-tm tIc-f-n Ckvemlo {]m\-w hnP-b-Km-Y-bp-ambn
aptm-p -K-anp.
hmg-mSv auem\m \S-nb Zmdp Deqw aZvd-k-bpsS Ncn{X
]m--ehpw LS-\bpw hmb-\-m a\-n-em-t hnj-b-amWv... Rm P\n-p--Xn\p app Ncn-{X-amWv. Fs tIp-tIhn-bn \np hnh-c-W-t-m A\p-`-h-s hmp-I-fm-bncnpw Daw. Ckvemlo cwKv Ctm tim`-bm hyn-Xzam-Wtm A_vZpdlow auehn IpymSn. aI-t\-m {]K--\m-bncpp ]nXmhv Fw. A_vZp--pn auehn.- sI.Fw. auehn kvamcI {K-n Atlw Fgp-Xnb hmN-I- hm-bn-m- ampt]mb Zmdp Deqw aZvdk F al-mb hnZym-tI-{-s-p-dnv
Hcp GI-tZi cq]w \n-fpsS a\-n cq]-sSpw.
""Cubp--h sI.Fw. aue-hnsb Hm-a-Xmbn IXpw ]cn-N-bs-Xpw hmg-mSv Zmdp Deqw aZvd-k-bn shmWv. Av Rm

94

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

{]mY-anI hnZym-e-b-nse Hcp hnZymn-bm-bn-cpp. hmg-mSv

]pcm-X-\-Imew apX Zkv \S-p-h-cp Hcp Ip{Km-a-sa \ne-bn {in--s--XmWv. t]cpw s]cp-a-bp-ap sImb--smSn Xd-hmp-Im-cmWv AXns `mc-hm-ln-I. CS-m-ev AXns amt\-P
]tc-X-\mb apl--ZvIpn lmPn-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw henb [njvT\pw [\n-I-\p-am-bn-cpp. At-l-n\v aZvdk \ \ne-bn \Sm Bi hp. Hcp alm]WvUn-Xs\ Ipdnv At\z-jnp.
Am-ev tIc-f-n hnhn[ Ie-I-fn Akm-am\y ]mWvUn-Xyap-m-bn-cp Nmen-e-Iv Ip-l-Zv lmPn AhIsf hcpn
Zmdp Deq-ans {]nkn-m m\w \In. Av sXmv Zkns \ne {ipXn-sp.
tIc-f-nse ap Zkp-I-fn-sem-nepw Cm At\Iw klmb ^p-I hmg-mSv XpS-n-bn-p-sv tIv At\Iw hnZymn-I hp-tNp. Iq-n sI.Fw. aue-hnbpw Dm-bn-cpp.
Db ]WvUn-X-m-cm-bn-cp kpsse-am auehn, sNdp-tcn
Al-Zv auehn, IpXp-_n apl-Zv auehn apX-emb At\Iw t]
Db mn hp tNp. sI.Fw. auehn, ]n.sI. aqk auehn, C. sambvXp aue-hn, C.-sI. aue-hn, ]n.-]n. DoIpn aue-hn,
]n.-sI. bq\pkv auehn BZn-bm-b-h cmw \nc-bnepw ]Tnv XpSn. \qdn]cw hnZymn-I-fp As \ne F{X kvXpXylw! X^vko, lZoYv, ^Jvlv, Xk-p^v, aB\n, _ZoAv BZn-bmb-hv ]pdsa Ximkv{Xw, tPymXn-imkv{Xw, `qan-imkv{Xw, kbkv, KWn-X-imkv{Xw apX-em-bh ]Tn-n-p-Xv ImWm ]e `mKp-\npw ki-I hp-sIm-n-cpp. Cm-ev sI.Fw. auehn kmln_v {]nkn-m-fns Hcp ss{]hv sk{I-dn FtmWw
\ne-sIm-n-cpp. tIc-f-ns hnhn[ `mK--fn \nv hp-sImn-cp tNmZy-v Dcw FgpXn Ab-p Imcy-n
auem-\sb klm-bn-Xv sI.Fw. aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. ]cn-jvIr-Xm-ib-m-c-\mb {]nkn-m-fns t\Xr-Xz-n \ho-\m-i-b-m-cmb
injy-m-tcmSv IqSn-bp ]T\w ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn \npw ]ptcm-K-Xnbn-tev IpXn-p-sIm-n-cpp. hmg-mSpw ]cn-k-c-{]-tZ-i--fp-samw DWp.
\ho\ imkv{X- ]Tn-n-p-tm B[p-\nI D]-I-c-W-
AXy-m-t]-n-X-am-Wtm. auem-\-bpsS \nt-i-a-\p-k-cnv tm-

95

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

_p-Ifpw Ave-kp-Ifpw hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn-ep Pp--fp-sSbpw

Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw t^mtm-I-tfmSp IqSn-bp Nm--p-Ifpw ^dm-bnZv,
apPnZv, Jmaq-kp Akvcn XpS-nb UnIvjvW-dn-Ifpw JpXp-_p-Jm\v Bh-iy-amb kh{X InXm-_p-Ifpw amt\-P hcp-n-s-m-Spp. Fm CsXmw skeIvSv sNp {][m\ IrXyw \n-lnn-cp-Xv sI.Fw. auehn kmln-_m-bn-cpp. auem-\-bpsS injy-KWfn Hcp hn`m-K-n\v euInI hnm\w Ipd-hm-sWpw
Nnev ae-bmfw Fgppw hmb-\bpw Adn-p-Iq-sSpw auem\v A\p-`-h-sp. Cu \yq\X DS-\Sn ]cn-l-cn--W-sa-p-dv kne_-n Nne am- hcpn. IWpw ae-bm-fhpw av AXymhiy hnh-c-fpw ]Tn-n-m GmSv sNbvXp. henb ]WvUn-Xm ae-bm-f-nse _me-]m-T- ]Tn-p-Xpw tv FSpv
IWv sNp-Xpw IuXp-I-ap ImgvN-bm-bn-cpp. Aym-]-\n Hcp ]v hln-n-cp-Xpw sI.Fw. auehn AhI-fm-bn-cpp
F hkvXpX hnkva-cn-m-h-X. Ime-{I-a-n Fm hnZymnIfpw ae-bmfkmln-Xy-n ss\]pWyw knn--h-cm-bn-op.
]{X-hm-b-\bn A`n-cp-Nn-bp--hcpw.
aZv d - k - b psS {Ia- { ]- h r- - a mb A`n- h r- n- b nepw Db- b nepw
kp-jvT-\m-bn-o amt\-P Hcp Znhkw {]nkn-m-fp-am-bp
A`n-apJ kw`m-j-W-n \mnse km[m-c-W-m-cmb _men-Im-_me-mv IqSp-X ^e-h-mb Hcp hnm\ km-Z\ amKw
FmWv F-t\z-jnp. Xs Gsd-m-e-ambn Ae-n-sm-n-cp
Hcp Nnm-hn-j-b-amWv AsXv auem\m {]Xn-h-Nnp. Fm \n A\p-Iq-en-p--]w Rm Hcp m Xm-dmn ]T\w
Bcw-`nmw Fv auem\m ]dp. AX-\p-k-cnv aZvd-k-bn
t_mUp-Ifpw UkvIp-Ifpw s_p-Ifpw apw Gs-Spn. Bkq{Xn-X-amb ]Xn A\p-k-cnv ]T\w XpSn. CXn-m-h-iy-amb
]pkvX-I-fpw cNn-p-Xp-Sn. hnizm-k-]-c-amb AXym-hiy Imcy Dsm-n Hcp ]pkvXIw. Jp-B Ffp--n ]Tn-m DX-Ip Hcp IrXn, Ad_n `mjm]T-\-n\v aqp ]pkvXIw,
I-im-kv{X-n Hv, \lvhn (hymI-cWw) cv, C{Xbpw
FgpXn. ]eXpw thKw {]kn-o-I-cnp. Ch-sbmw sI.Fw. auehn
kmln-_ns Im FgpXn Dm-n-b-Xm-bn-cpp. Xn-anw
At-l-n\v Imn_v (Fgp-p-Im-c) Fp IqSn Hcp t]cv {]N-

96

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cn-n-cpp. an cm{Xn-I-fnepw ap--h kpJ-\n-{Z-sIm-p-tm

auem-\mbpw sI.Fw. aue-hnbpw Dd--sam-gnv {K-c-N-\-bn hym]r-X-cm-bn-sm-n-cp ImgvN hnkva-cn-m-h-X. hmg-mSv aZvd-kbnse hnZymn-Isf \mep-X-c-m-cmbn Xncnv ]T\w Dun-Xambn \S-n-hp. Cu ]cn-jvI-cW hrmw \msSpw ]cp.
Acw aZvd-k-I Xpw thW-sav ]e \mp-Imcpw hv
Bh-iy-sp. Cu A`y\ hSt ae-_m-dp-Im-cn \npw Dmbn-cpp. \n`m-Ky-h-im ]cn-io-e\w knn Aym-]-I Xptemw
Ipd-hm-bn-cpp. CXn-\p ]cn-lmc amK-fpw auem\m Bcm-psIm-n-cpp. hmg-mSv aZvd-k-bn As {][m\ Aym-]-I
sI.Fw. auehn, ]n.sI. aqk auehn, ]n.F apl-Zv auehn, C.sI. auehn, C. sambvXp auehn, kn.F. A_vZp-d-lvam lmPn apXem-b-h-cm-bn-cpp.
Xma-kw-hn\m Ab{]tZ-i--fnepw Hmtcm aZvd-k-I m]n-Xambn. Cu ]pXnb ]T\k{-Zm-b-n P\- BIr-jS-cm-bnop. Atm-tgv bmYm-n-Xn-I-cmb apkvenbm- Cf-In-bm-ambn. ]e Ipkr-Xn-Ifpw ]dp ]cn. aZvdkm amt\-Psd Zpt_m-[-\-s-Spn. hJv^ns kzv AXn\v sNehv sNm ]mSn Fv hn[np. Hcp Znhkw amt\-P auem-\msb kao-]nv apkvenbm--fpsS Bh-em-Xn-I DWn. AXn\v auem\m ]d adp]Sn:- ""hfsc \nebpw hne-bp-ap Ben-ap-Isf hcpn Ah-sc-smv ]mT-]p-kvX-I- ]cn-tim-[n-n-p-Ibpw ]Tn-p Ipn-Isf
]co-n-p-Ibpw sNmw. sXp-s-n \apv Cu kwcw`w \nmw. Cs-n XpScmw''.- amt\-P k-Xnp.
ASp amk-n amt\-P-dpsS hon s]mm\n aJvZqw _mh
apkvenbm, In-e-tcn Ben apkvenbm, ]n-pdw bqkp^v apkvenbm, cmbIpn apkvenbm XpSn At\Iw Ben-ap-Isf hnfnp-Iqn. AsXmcp hn kZ-m-bn-cpp. BZyw sI.Fw. auehn
kmln_v Hcp {]kvXm-h-\-tbm-Sp-IqSn ]mT-]p-kvX-I- Ben-ap-Iv kanp. Ah-cn ]ecpw Hmtcmpw ]cn-tim-[np. CXn
sXn-sv ap-IWvTw tLmjnp. A\-cw Ipn-Isf ]cn-tim-[np-hm Hcpn. Ap Rm\pw Fw.kn.kn. ktlm-Z-c-mcpw cmw
mn ]Tn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Rsf hnhn[ hnj-b--fn ]conv Ah kwXr-]vX-cmbn. CXv hfsc Ffp--ap coXn-bm-sWpw

97

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ad_nhmN-I- \ `mj-bn ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-m\pw ae-bmf

hmN-I-sf Ad-_n-bn-em-m\pw Ffp--n km[n-p-p-spw CXv ]n-Zkp-I-fn \npw e`n-p-I-bn-spw apw Ah
Dss-kvXcw {]kvXm-hnp. ktm-j-tmsS tbmKw ]ncnp.
CtXmsS ]pXnb coXn-bpsS JymXn Fpw ]cp. auem-\sb
hf-]--Wv aZvdk m]-\mw Wn-p-sIm-p-t]mbn. Iqn sI.Fw. aue-hnbpw Dm-bn-cpp. Iq-cnepw Hcp aZvdk
XpS-m GmSv sNbvXp. hf-]--Wv mk-p-I XpS-m
BZyw sI.Fw. auehn Xs Xma-kn-tn hp. Am-ev
Nne {]tXyI Imc-W--fm auem\ hmg-mSv Zkv hnp. ]ns
amm- mWv Zkv \S- n- b Xv ''- . (sI.Fw. auehn kv a mcI
{Kw).
aZvdk F t]cn Adn-b-s Cu m]\w Hcp k-I-emim-e-bpsS hhpw hen-hpw D-Xm-bn-cpp. AhnsS \npw ]Tnp-h hnZymn-I Ibv-tdm A Akvl bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bn
\npw tUmIvS-tdv t\Snb Kth-jW ]WvUn-X-m-tc-m anI
]Wv U n- X c- p w ZoLZrp- I fpw ka- c mb kwLm- S - I - c p- a mbn
hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn tim`np. auem\m Nmen-e-I-ns ZoL
ZrjvSn-bn \npw apf-p-s]m-nb aX-hn-m\ kwcw-`-amWv CXn\-Sn-m\w. aXhnZym-`ymk cwKs \thm-m\ \mb-I-\m-bn-cpp
Atlw.
Fm \mw ASn- m- \ - ] - c - a mbn a\- n- e m- t asmcp
hkvXp-X-bpv. auem\m Hcn-epw XuloZv {]m-\-ns \mbI-\m-bn-cp-n. 1921se ae-_m Iem-]-ns Ncn{Xw ]Tn-p-tm sI.Fw. auehn, C. sambvXp auehn, C.sI. auehn XpS-nb
alm-c-Y-msc Jnem-^v {]m-\-n-sbpw tZiob cmjv{So-bn-sebpw \-{X--fmbn \apv ImWmw. ]s, Av XuloZv
{]m-\-ns hm--fm-bn-cp-n Ah. aX-hn-izm-k-n
Xulo-Zns {]k-nbpw A\n-hm-cy-Xbpw Ah-cpsS Nn-I-fnepw
{]h-\--fnepw Zriy-am-bn-cp-n. kap-Zm-b-ns kmaq-lnIhpw cmjv{So-b-hp-amb `{Z-X-sb-p-dn-m-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS Bi.
AXp-sImp Xs B hgn-m-bn-cpp apgp-k-ab {]h-\-fpw
\on-bXv. hntZ-im-[n-]-Xy-n \npw \mSns\ cn-m-\p
P\-tIm-Sn-I-fpsS apt--n apkvenwI-fpw H-s-mbn AWn-tN-c-

98

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

W-sav B{K-ln-p-Ibpw hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn-eqsS Ah AXn-\mbn

Atlm-cm{Xw ]cn-{i-an-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Jnem-^v {]m\w
tZiob kzmX{y ka-c-ns `mK-am-bn-o-Xns ]nn-ep
tNtXm-hn-Imcw CXm-bn-cpp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

12
ae-_m elf
ae-_m Iem-]-ns Xe-m-\-am-bn-cp-tm Xncq-c-mSn.
{_nojv km-cns Cysb kw_-n-p tcJ-I-fn Xncq-cm-Sn-bpsS m\w sNdp-X. Ncn-{X-Im-c-m-cpsS Xqen-I-p-nepw
Cu t]cv Xqn-n-S-pp. 1921 F t]cn Ne-n{Xw Xs ]pdn-d-n-b-Xmbn tIp. Iem]kw_--ambn At\Iw teJ-\-fpw
{]_--fpw {K-fpw hnc-Nn-X-ambn. C\n-bp-aXv Xon-n.
Ncn{Xw Ab-hn-d-p Imew hsc Xocp-I-bp-an. Iem-]-Im-ev
Rm Imcy-hn-h-c-sa-n-bn-n-m Hcp sImp _me-\m-bn-cpp. ]no-Sv {ItaW ]eXpw Adnp. hmbnpw ]Tnpw tIpw a\-n-emn.
hnZym-`ym-khpw temI-hn-h-c-hp-an-msX A-amb aX-t_m-[-nepw kmap-Zm-bnI hnIm-c-nepw am{Xw Aav InS-n-cp ]mh-s-
amnf apkvenw-I! Hmp-]p-c-I-fn-eqsS e`n-p ]cn-an-X-amb JpB ]mcm-bW ioew am{X-am-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS aX-hn-Zym-`ymkw.
amXr-`mj t]mepw Fgp-Xm\pw hmbn-m\pw Adn-bn. Ckvem-ans
auenI {][m-\-amb ilm-Zv Ien-a-bpsS Aw-t]mepw \n-ban-m P\X. t\-m-p-Ifpw ame aueo-Zp-Ifpw dmo-_p-I-fp-amWv Ah-dn-bp aXw! Ah \bn--s-n-cp-Xv X-m-cn-eq-sSbpw apkvenbm--fn-eq-sS-bp-am-bn-cpp. Ah \n[-\-cmb IpSn-bmmcpw IjIs-mgn-em-fn-Ifpw Iqen-th-e-m-cp-am-bn-cpp. H-hmn ]d-m Zo\pw Zpbmhpw \jvS-s-p-t]mb Hcp kap-Zmbw!
A\o-Xnbpw A[mn-I-Xbpw Xom ip a\-kvI. Pn-ap-Xem-fn-am-cpsS Nqj-W-pw ]oU-\-pw Cc-bmbn Pohn-n-cp
hKw. ]cm-Xnbpw Aajhpw Dm-bn-cpp. ]s, kwL-Sn-m
Adn-bn-m-bn-cpp. AXn-\p kml-N-cy-fpw Dm-bn. Hcp {]tZiv Fp \S-p-p-shv asm-cn-S--dn-bm BgvN-I Xs

99

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

thn-h-cp Ime-am-bn-cpp AXv. P\-sf \bn-n-cp ]WvUn-Xm bYm aXw Ahsc ]Tn-n--Xp-an.
As Pn apX-em-fn-am alm`qcn-]-hpw \q-Xn-cn-Ifpw
\mb-m-cp-am-bn-cpp. `qan ssZh-Z--amb Ah-Im-i-ambn IcpXn ASn hmW kpJ-tem-ep-]-m. Azm\w Fs--dn-bmsX Azm-\np--hsc NqjWw sNbvXpw ASn--anbpw hmW-cp-fnb Ah-v \mp-cm-Pm--m-cp-sSbpw {_nojv `c-W-Iq-S-n-sbpw Xmpw
XWepw thp-thmfw e`n-n-cpp.
Fw.]n. \mcm-bW tat\m F Am-Sn-p-d-p-Im-c-\mb Hcp
lnp ho-emWv amn-f-am-cn hK-t_m-[hpw kwL-S-\m-io-ehpw
hfn-sb-Sp-Xv. Cy \mj-W tIm{K-ns ae-_m
HmK-ss\-knwKv sk{I--dnbpw Gd-\mSv tIm{Kv sk{I--dn-bp-ambn-cp {io. tat\m sNdpw apXt apkvenw-I-fp-ambn kulr-Zn-em-bn-cpp. tIm{K-n At-l-n\v e`n m\w D]-tbmKnv ]mh-s lnp apkvenw IpSn-bm-m-tcbpw Ij-I-sm-gn-em-fnI-sfbpw Atlw kwL-Sn-np. ae-_m-dnse apkvenw-Isf cmjv{Sob-ambn Ipd-s-nepw DWp--Xn tat\m hln ]v \nkvXp-e-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns B-an-{X--fm-bn-cp Xn apl-ZvIpn apkvenbmcpw (sI.Fw. auehn), In-e-tcn apl-Zv apkvenbmcpw Cu {]h-\--fn {io tat\ms {][m\ kl-Im-cn-Ifm-bn-cpp. amnf apkvenw-I-fp-ambn At-l-n-\p-m-bn-cp kplrZv_w kzkap-Zm-b-nepw IpSpw-_-nepw At-ls A\y\mn. "amnf tat\m' Fv Bt-]n--sp.
Npcpn-dbmw. PnapX-em-fn--n-s\-Xn-cmb kacw Iem-]ambn ]Sp. {_no-jv DtZym-K-cpw t]meokpw ka-c-msc Aa sNm PnapX-em-fn-am-cpsS klm-bn-I-fm-b-tm hnh-c-an-m P\- {_nojv ]m-f-tmSv t]mepw kacw sNm Xmdmbn. kwL-Sn-n--hpw t\XrXzw \In-b-hpw HXp-m Ignbm--hw P\w A\n-b-{n-X-ambn. Atm t\XrXzw hnIm-c-Pohn-I-fmb ap Nne-cpsS ssII-fn sNp-hoWp. kZp-t-iyhpw ipa-\-kvI-X-bp-amWv B t\Xm-v Dm-bn-cp--sX-nepw hnNm-c-sf-m-fp-]cn hnIm-c-amWv Ahsc A[o-\-s-Sp-n-bXv. B Iqnse {][m-\n-I-fm-bn-cpp Ben apkvenbmcpw hmcn-bIp-v
Ip-l-Zv lmPnbpw.

100

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

As Jnem-^v tIm{Kkv t\Xm- _pn-iq-\yh-pw

A]-I-S-hp-amb \S-]-Sn-I-fn \npw amn-f-amsc ]nn-cn-n-m
InWp {ianp. Gd-\mSv hp-h-\mSv Xmeq-p-I-fn 5000 tImn-I hnX-cWw sN-s Hcp {]kvXm-h\ C{]-Imcw P\-sf
D]-tZ-inp.
""am\y alm P\-sf,
Cy-m-cpsS cmjv{So-b-amb Dbns-gp-t]pw tIm{Kkv
Jnem-^v BZi-{]-Nm-cW hnP-bhpw `c-Wm[nhKs hmsX
sNmSn-n-n-pv. alm-m-Km-nbpw Aen ktlm-Z-c-mcpw av
lnp apkvenw tZiob t\Xm-fpw kl\ka-c-n\pw \n-l-IcW {]m-\-n-\p-amWv Blzm\w sNbvXn-cn-p-Xv. amnf \mn kpZr-V-ambn thcp-dv hcp lnp apkvenw sFIyw sh-mcpsS ]cn-{`-as hn-n-n-pv. 21mw \p Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn \S
Iem] hnhcw Fm-hcpw Adn-n-cn-p-atm. amnf \mn a-\fpw Ad-p-Ifpw \S-m-\p km[yX sXfnp ImWp-pv.
_lp-P-\--tfmSv R tJZ-tmSpw `bm-i--tbmSpw IqSn Hcp
Imcyw DWpp. t]meokpw ]m-f-mcpw Fv A{Iaw {]hn-mepw \n kl-\-k-a-c-n Ddv \nWw. bmsXmcp
Xc-n-ep A{I-a-n\pw ]Icw tNmZn--en\pw apXn-c-cpXv. As\ sNbvXm Ctm \apv Xn-s-Sp-m km[n-m ]e
\mi-\-jvS-fpw c-sm-cn-n-enpw tlXp-hm-Ip--XmWv. AXn\m Fm-hcpw kl-\-amKhpw kl-I-cW XymKm-i-bhpw {]I-Snn-Ww. Fm-hcpw kam-[m\ amK-n Ncn--W-sapw R CXn-\m At]-n-pp.''- (1921 BKv 22)
1. sI.]n. tIi-h-ta-t\m, 2. bp. tKm]me tat\m, 3. apl-Zv
A_vZp-d-lvam, 4. Xn apl--ZvIpn apkvenbm (sI.Fw. auehn), 5. Fw.]n. \mcm-bW tat\m, 6. C. sambvXp auehn, 7. s]cp-Sv sambvXotImb. C{Xbpw t\Xm--fmWv Cu {]kvXm-h-\-bn
Hv shn-cn-p-Xv.
]t, Fp ^-e-w! t\Xm--fpsS bmsXmcp {iahpw hnP-bn-n.
P\- Ben-ap-kvenbm-cp-sSbpw hmcn-bIp--n-sbpw ssIIfn AI-s-p-t]m-bn-cpp. \bn-p--hcpw \bn--s--hcpw hnh-ct-Sn Xpey-cmbn. lnp Pn-ams-Xn-cn Ae-b-Sn-p-h I-

101

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

jI kacw lnp-s-Xn-cn-ep hK-o-bm-{I-a-W-ambn hymJym\n--sp. hKob {`mn-\-Sn-sv Nne hnh-c-tZm-jn-I-fpsS Ahn-thIhpw Ipd-sms CXn\v Imc-W-ambn. kkm-l--tfmsS
Bp-hn-fnp h {_nojv ]m-fs ITm-c-sImpw Ipdp-h-SnsImpw t\cn-Sm Hcp-nb ]ca hnUvVnw Hcp kap-Zm-b-ns
]Xn-m-p-I \op-\n Zpcn-X-n\pw IjvS-X-Ipw A[-]-X-\n\pw Imc-W-ambn. ""10,000 amn-f-am sIm-sp. 10,-000 t]sc ImWm-Xmbn.'' (ae-_m kacw:- Fw.]n. \mcm-bW tat\m\pw kl-{]h-Icpw,- s{]m^. Fw.]n. Fkv tat\m 1992 sF.]n.Fv)
Npcp--n ae-_m elf apkvenw-Iv kw`-hn Ncn-{X-]-camb hen-sbmcp sXm-bn-cpp FmWv Fs ZrV-amb A`n-{]mbw.
Xncp-m Ign-bm-sX-t]mb hnUvVnw. B-ho-cyhpw cmPykvt\-lhpw \njvI-f--Xbpw lrZ-b-n Hp-tN ]mh-s
kap-Zm-bs {_nojv ssk\y-ns tXmp-Iv apn-tev
Fdn-p-sIm-Sp {Iqchpw `oI-c-hp-amb hnUvVnw. \o ]Xnm-p-Iv tijw Cu Zpc--n-\n-c-bm-b-h-cpsS IpSpw-_m-Zn-Iv km Fdn-p-sIm-Sp s]j ]n-miv am{Xw anw!
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

13
Hcp ]mem-b-\hpw kap-Zm-bhpw
Fs _lp-am\y Kpcp-\m-Y sI.Fw. auehn Adn-b-s P\{]n-b \mb-I-\m-bn-cpp. Iem]w HXp-m Atlw Ign-hXv {]bXv\np. ]s, hn]-coX ^e-am-Wp-m-bXv. Iem-]-n\v t\XrXzw \In-b-h-\mbn ap{Z-b-Sn--sp. h[-in-bvv hn[n--sp. Adv
hmdv At-l-n-s\-Xn-cn hp. a-e-_m- t]meo-kn\v ]nSn-sImSp-msX c-s-S-W-sav th-s--h-scmw \n_-n--X-\p-kcnv
{_nojv ]m-fhpw t]meokpw IS-p-sN-m CS-bn-m sIm-n
cmPys sImSp--q-cn-\-Sp-p Ago-tm-tv \mSp-I-Sp. a-e_m-dpw- sIm-n-bp-w- A-v- hy-Xy-kv-X- \m-p-cm-Py--fm-bn-cp-p.- 1922
P\p-hcn 14\mbn-cpp Ncn{X{][m-\-amb Cu ]mem-b\w.
alm-\mb sI.Fw. koXn-km-ln-_ns alm-\mb ]nXmhv tIm-

102

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-dv koXn apl--Zns Fdn-bm-Sp \q-XncnaTw F hon

At-l-ns _lp-am-\y-\mb AXn-Ynbpw A`-bmn-bp--ambn
auehn Ign-p-IqSn. Cu Pohn-X-amWv ]nm-ev apkvenwtIc-fns \mt\m-p-J-amb ]cn-h-\-n\pw ]ptcm-K-Xnpw hnp]m-In-bXv. ae-_m Iem-]I
- m-e
- p apkvenw-If
- psS aX kmaqlnI
nXnbpw hnZym-`ymk kmwkvIm-cnI t_m[hpw h-q-Py-am-bn-cpp.
]gb sImn cmPy-n s] sImSp--q Ago-tmSv FS-h-\mSv hsc-bp {]tZ-i-fpw Beph shfn-b-p-\mSv `mK-fpw ]qPyn \npw A]w apI-fn-em-bn-cp-p-shv am{Xw. Ahn-Ss
apkvenw-I km-n-I-ambn teiw sa-s \ne-hm-c-nepw `uXnI hnZym-`ym-k-ta-J-e-bn A-]w {im-ep--fp-am-bn-cp-p-shv ImWmw. Fm aX-cwKw Ahn-sSbpw sa-am-bn-cp-n. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq
cmPyhpw GXmv C{]-Imcw Xs. sX-tc-m ae-_m apkvenw-I Xptemw sa-am-bn-cpp. aX-hn-m-\-amn-p--Xn
[mcm-fw ]n Zkp-Ifpw aZvd-k-Ifpw AhnsS \S-p-h-n-cpp.
kv{Xo hK-ns Imcy-am-bn-cpp Gsd IjvSw. ASp--fv
]pd-v Ahv Hcp temI-ta-bn. Fgppw hmb-\bpw \njnw.
IpSpw-_-hn-j-b--fn A\p-k-cn--s-Sp b{w am{Xw. ]pcp-jm-cpsS Zmlw Xom-\p ssewKnI D]-I-cWw. asf s]p-Iqp b{-. Ahsc hfp--Xnepw `mhn Icp-n-Sn-p-Xnepw D-amv Hc-`n-{]m-b-hp-an. AYhm ]d-p-IqSm.
kv{XoIsf Am-lp-hns `h-\--fn \n-In. ]n-bn \akvI-cn-p-Xpw D]-tZiw tIp-Xpw hnen. kv{XoI ]nbn- {]th-in-p-Xv Jp-B-\n\pw kp-n\pw FXn-cm-sWv
]WvUn-X-m \pW ]dp ]cn. Is-gpv ]Tn- ldm-amsWv ^Xvh-bn-dn.
""Cm-ev kv{XoIv Ac hnZy Xo-bmbpw ldm-amIm am{Xta hgn ImWp-pq.'' (kpn-I-fpsS ]gb Ad_n aebmf amknI. A_-bm ]p. 11)
16.3.1930 am-m-v- tN-- kakvX tIcf PwC--p De-abpsS \memw hm-jnI kt-f\w shm-c apl-Zv apkvenbm-cpsS Ay-X
- b
- n- AwKo-I-cn {]ta-b-n Cs\ ImWmw. ""kv{XoIv Is-gp-v ]Tn- id-C aIvdq-lm-sWpw apw ]te
alm-m-cmb De-am- apv Xs Xocp-am-\n-n-p--Xm-I-bm

103

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ahv Is-gpv ]Tn-m {]tXyIw ]mSn-m-m-sWv Cu

tbmKw Xocp-am-\np-p.''- {]-ta-bw- A-h-X-cn-n--Xv- kn.-sI.- ap-l--Zvap-kv-en-bm-cpw- ]n-m-n-b-Xv- ]m-n- A-lv--Zv-Ip-n-apkv-en-bm-cpw- Bbn-cp-p.1998 \ Fn. temIw F{Xtbm amdn. kv{XoI ]Tnp.
D-X _ncp-Z- Ic--amn. Aym-]n-I-amcpw s{]m^-kamcpw
tUmIvSamcpw ho-e-mcpw Fn-\o-bamcpw AS-nb DX
_ncp-Z[
- m-cn-Wn-I Dmbn. aX-cw-Kpw A^vfep- De-a ]Tn--- [mcmfw ]WvUn-X-I cwK-p-hp. {]kw-K-Icpw kmaq-lnI {]h-Icpw kap-Zm-b-n hfp. Fn-t\sd, X-mcpw apkven-bm-fpw
AS-p, alm-`q-cn-]w kpn-I AWn-\n-c apkv-enweoKns
cmjv{Sob {]h-\
- n kv{XoI kPo-ha
- mbn hp. {XnXe ]mb
-
- p-I-fn sXc-s-Sp-n a-cnv hnP-bnv {]kn-U-p-am
hsc Bbn-op. apkvenw tIc-f-ns A`n-am-\-`m-P-\-amb {ioaXn Ja-dp-nk Ah tIcf km-cns kmaq-ln-I-ta t_mUns sNbt]-gvk-\mbn `c-W-ss\-]pWyw sXfnbn-p. \qdp IWn-\v akvPn-Zp-I-fn kv{XoIv {]m-\-mbn kuIcyw Dmbn. {Iam-\p-K-X-amb Cu hf-bnepw A`n-hr-n-bnepw kv{Xo kaqlw Fn-s-Xv al-mb Ckvemlo {]m-\-ns XymK-kp-c`n--e-amb {]h\w Hp-sImp am{X-am-bn-cp-p. Itm hf-cpp,
Imtem hf-cpp Fv amXm-]n-Xm- ]pm-c-tmsS t\mn-bn-cnp-tm Ah-cpsS a\pw Nn-Ifpw A-tXm-sSmw hf-c-W-sav
sImXn Fs Kpcp-Xp-ey-c-mb ]WvUn-X-m AXn-\mbn A\p-`-hn
IjvS\
- j
- vS
- f
- p- sS IY-I ]dp Xom-hp-X
- n-
- p-da
- m-bn-cpp.
1998 \ Fn-btm. Atmgpw- kv{XoIsf ]n-bn {]thin-n-p--Xns\ apkvenbm- Iq-tmsS FXnp-I-bmWv.
C.sI. kpnbpw, F.]n. kpnbpw. ]ns GsX-nepw kpn-bp-sn Ahcpw ChnsS ssItImpp. Im-]pcw F.]n. A_q-_ apkvenbm Cu hnj-b-hp-ambn tImgn-tmSv \S-nb ]{X-kt-f-\-n X-fpsS apc-Sn bmYm-n-XnI Nn m]n-p-Xn\v ]-bmb \pW e-bn-msX Xn-hn-Sp-I-bp-mbn. kXyhpw
[-hpw F-Xn\v Ch-cp-sS \nL-p--fn Ifhpw NXnbpw Fv
A-am-bn-cnmw. Im-]pcw ]dp:
""a-bnepw aZo-\-bnepw ]n-bn \a-kvIm-c-n\v hcm kv{Xo-

104

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Iv A\p-hm-Z-an. cn-Spw ]n-bn- IS-m {ian-p

kv{Xo-Isf hf-n-bam hSn-sImv Ipn-b-I-p-Xv km[m-cW
ImgvN-bmWv.'' (am[yaw 7.3.1997)
ln\v t]mbn Xncn-s-nb e--W-n\v ae-bmfn ap-kv-enwI Ip-sh Cu \pW-Iv adp-]Sn ]d-bs.
Rm XpS-n-tb-S-tv aS-p-I-bmWv. hnh-c-tSpw A-hnizm-khpw AXn \npw s]mn-ap-f F-a A\m-Nm-c-fpw \nanw aX-cwKw Ccp aqSn-b-Xm-bn-cpp. hf-sc-mew InXm-t_mXn
]Tn ]WvUn-X-m t]mepw Cu Ccp-fn hgn-b-dn-bmsX \w-Xn-cnp. sI.Fw. aue-hn-sb-tmse alm-c-Y-m-cmb hnm-\n-I
t]mepw Cu Ccp-n AI-sp. Ah-cpsS Ignhpw Xt-Shpw cmjv{Sob kmaq-lnI taJ-e-I-fn-emWv hn\n-tbm-Kn--s-n-cp-Xv. B
cwKv Ah hnP-bn--Xp-an. \mSpw hoSpw Dt]-nv A\y tZitv ]mem-b\w sNt Zu`m-Ky-am-Wp-m-bXv. kap-Zm-b-am-Is, Zpc-
- f
- psS tLmj-bm-{X-bns]v sRcn-a
- c
- p-Ibpw sNbvX
- p.
Cu a\p-jy-q--ns aXw aplvbn-o ame-bn \npw XpSpp. I-mv, Ipn-mv apX ]n-mv hsc, _Z, DlvZv bpN-cn{X Km\-, _Z-dp ap\o t]mep t{]a Imhy-,- ssaem-n-m-p-I,- ae-pdw ]mp-I As\ ]mp-I-fpsS Hcp Iqmw. CsXms tIepw tIn--ep-am-bn-cpp aX-]-T\w. Cu
]mp-I-fn-e-[n-Ihpw Ckvem-ans GI-ssZhhnizm-k-ns IS-bv In-sh-p--Xm-bn-cpp. krjvSn-I-tfm-Sp {]m-\bvv
{]tN-m-Z\
-- -ta-Ip-Xpw! ssaem-n-m-p-I t]mepw Ccw inns ]cn-th-j-m ]Sw hncnp \np. CXn \n-v- D-hn A\mNm-c-v Ipw IW-p-an. a\pjya\-p-I ]n-I-fn \nIv ih-Ip-So-c--fn-tev Nmp. Bibpw `bhpw A-\-bpw
hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw Atm-t-mbn. a{-hm-Z- F{X-sb{X C\-!
iIp\w t\mm Hcp Imcy-hp-an. Jp-B DuXn-s-, FgpXn-Ip-Sn-, tlmaw, _m[ Hgn-n-, a{- ]e-Xcw. Cs\
]e-PmXn X{-! P\n-mepw acn-mepw hnhm-l-n\pw {]k-hn\pw Fmw a{-Nn-In--I-fpsS Iq--c-mWv. Fmw ]pWyw
t\Sm! kzKw ]qIm!!
]ptcm-ln-X-m-cn t]mcni IqSn-b-hcpw Ipd--hcpw!- ]e-bn\w
X, knZv, em, akvXm, DkvXmZv, apkvenbm! apkzo-_-p-

105

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I AI-epw kem-av hoiepw!- kZybpw ssIa-Spw t{KUv A\pk-cnv!- ]n-ZkmWv D]-cn-]-T\ tI{w. ]pw ]Xn-\pw hj, hc-p-sNm-dnbpw Nncpw kX kl-Nm-cnbpw. CsXmw Ignp ]pd-p-h-m ta ]d Imcy-p BJnd-s-mgnem-fn-I-fmb Ipn apkvem--fmbn.
sI.Fw. auehn FtmSv ]d Am-es Hcp ks dntmv Adn-n-cn-t--XmWv. `-uXnI hnZym-`ym-k-n Xmc-X-tay\
sa-s \ne-hmcw ]pen-bn-cp Ago-tmSv al-nse aXm-NmcWw! auehn kmln_v apkvenw hoSp-I-fn Hc-t\z-jWw \Sn.
aX-ns t]cn Fm hoSp-I-fnepw aSp-msX \S-p-h-cp Hcp
I-taXv? \n_--amb \a-kvImcw A[nI hoSp-I-fnepw C. t\mpw As\ Xs. kImv sImSp-m Al-X-bp--h-cn
A[n-Ihpw AXv \nh-ln-p-n. t\mp-Im-ev {]tXy-Inv Ccp]n Ggmw cmhn\v Hcp sImSp--epv. hoSns apv hv IqSp-
]mh-v Nnd \mW-b-p-p-I! lv \n--am-bn-oh-cn A[n-Ihpw hm-Iy-n\v Imn-cn-pp. k {][m-\amb ilm-Zv Ien-a-bpsS kmcw alm `qcn-]--n\pw \n-b-an-Xm\pw. Fm Fm hoSp-I-fnepw apSw hcmsX \nXyhpw sNbvXp-h-cp Hcp Iw GsXv Isn. Hcp F-n-cnv apn-encpv N-\-n-cn-I-fpsS AI--Sn-tbmsS aKvcn_v Ign t\cw AXoh `n-tbmsS aplvbn-o ame CuW-n sNmn-mSpw! Ghpw ]g--ap Hcp amn-f-mv. inpw Ip^vdpw An-bnv cNn
Ad_n ae-bmf Km\w. Ckvem-ans ]cn-ip--amb XuloZv P\-a-\p-I-fn \npw AI-nb, kap-Zm-b-ns hnizmk-Ibvv
C{X-tmfw Imc-W-amb Hcp Imcyw tIcf apkvenw-I-fpsS Ncn-{Xn Cu i]n--s ame-t]mse asmpw ImWp-I-bn.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

14
]Xnbpw ss^knbpw
Fm Ccp-]Xmw \qm-ns Ah-km\ hj--fn t]mepw
ITn-\-I-tTm-c-amb Cu im]-ns amebvv `n-]p-c-cw hymJym\w cNn ]WvU-n-X Cu \mn-ep-mbn. apkvX-^ ss^kn Fm-

106

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Wv At-l-ns t]cv. CXn\v kam-\-ambn Ac \qmp apv Pohn Hcp ]WvUn-X-\p-m-bn-cpp. Im\w ]Xn A_vZpJm-Zn apkvenbm. Xncp-hn-Xmw-IqIm-c. tIc-f-nse apgp-h apkvenbm-fpw
BZ-cnv FXn-tcv sImp-\-S-n-cp {]K-`- hmKvan. At-ls
kp{]-kn-\pw Ip{]-kn--\p-am-nb {][m\ hmZw Fm-bn-cp-pshtm? ""aplvbn-o ame kXykq-a-s-n Jp-B-\pw
kXy-k-q-am-Ip-I-bn.'' Am-lp-hn icWw!- \mSp \osf B
a\p-jy A_q-P-l-en-s\-t]mepw \mWn-n-p Cu Ip^v Ckvem-ans t]cn hmtXm-cmsX {]kw-Knp \Sp. Bbn-c--W-n\v
P\- Am-ev ]Xn-bpsS {]kwKw tIm XSn-p-Iq-Sp-ambn-cpp. HSp-hn Cu Zpbm-hn shv Xs B a\p-jys ta
im]w Cdn. t]cp-tI ka-kvX-bpsS apkvenbm--f-Sw ]Xn-\mbn-c--fpsS Bcm[y ]pcp-j-\mbn hne-knb ]Xn apkven-bm--v Hcp\m s]sv Hcp Dhnfn! apkvenw-I "Amlp'- F t]cp ]d-bptm ae-bm-f-n Fgp-Xp--Xp-t]m-se-b-tm "m'-bp-sS- DmcWw. Fm ]Xn hmZnp,- apkvenw-I "Amlp' F ae-bmf
en]n {]Im-c-ap Dm-c-W-amWv kzoI-cn-t-Xv. Cu hmZw At-ln\v Hcp {`mv t]mse-bmbn. \mSp-\osf CXv {]kw-Knp \S-m
XpSn. ka-kvX-bnse htXm-p-I-fmb apkvenbm--v CXv
lmen-f--ap-mn. ]Xnsb Ah _ln-jvI-cn-p-Ibpw _ln-jvIcn-m P\--tfmSv Blzm\w \Ip-I-bp-ap-mbn. ]Xn H-sp.
]Xn-\m-bn-c-sf BIjn apkvenbm-cpsS {]kw-K-n\v ]p-t]
t]mepw lmP-cm-Im hn[w B _ln-jvI-cWw ]q-X-bn-em-bn.
H-s-S-ens BLm-X-n am\-knI kwLj-n\v hnt[-b\mbn
ISp BkvXam tcmK-n\v ASn-a-sp. Bcpw Xncn-p-t\mm Ah--bn oWn-X-\mbn Ay-izmkw henp. tcmK ImTn\y-m B-lXy sNbvX-Xm-sWv \mn-emsI {ip-Xn ]cp.
kXyw Am-lp-hn-\-dnbmw.
apkvX-^ ss^kn ka-kvX-bpsS ]pmc tam\m-bn-cpp. Fgpp-Im-c\pw {]`m-j-I\pw. Atlw Hcp Jp-B ]cn-`mj ]pd-ndn. ^mXnlm kqd-ns hymJym-\-am-bn-cpp Hmw hmeyw.
AXns apJ-hp-c-bn ss^kn FgpXn. aplvbn-o amev hymJym\w cNn--tm Dmb Bob {]tNm-Z-\-amWv Cu Jp-B hymJym-\-n\v Imc-W-am-bXv! K^n \nmWv hen-b-ta-\n-bn A-

107

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Snv CXv ]pd-n-d-n-bXv. AXns Hcp {]Xn Hcp kplrv F\n-v

]cn-tim-[-\-bvmbn Xp. "Cm- -\Av_pZp' F hN-\-n\v
"\ns R Bcm-[n-pp'- Fw sImSp-n-cn-pp. "\ns am{Xw'- F AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Bibw amn--fp. ap aX-fn \npw knm---fn \npw Ckvem-ans\ thXn-cn-p
"am{Xw'- F {]tbmKw FSp-p-I-f-bp--tXmsS XuloZv Cm-XmIp-I-bmWv. amapivcn-p-I-fpsS aXw ss^kn Jp-B ]cn-`m-jbn-eqsS Ah-X-cn-np. CXv ]cn-tim-[n--tm ISp Ak-ly-X-bpmbn. Am-lp-hns {K-tmSv Iqdp ]men-pI F {]hm-NIs I]\ a\-n sXfnp. _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsSbpwkXy-\n-tj-[-n-sbpw Bi-b- Am-lphpw {]hm-N-I\pw ]Tnn-p--Xm-sW `mh-n Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bn-eqsS DS-\ofw
Fgp-Xn-q-n-bn-p-Xv Inv anm-Xn-cp-m dns in F\ntt-n-h-cp-sav Rm Adnp. Fs Ign-hn-s\mv Cu
ss^ko ]cn-`m-j-s-Xn-cn \mhpw t]\bpw Nen-np. Fs kk-_o amkn-I-bn-eqsS At\Iw e--fn-embn Cu ]cn-`m-jbnse Ckvem-anI hncp Imcy- ]pd-p-hn-Sp-Ibpw in-bmbn
hnain-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fs {]Jym-]nX coXn A\p-k-cnv hnai-\-te-J-\-ns ]Iv {]kn-o-I-c-W-n\v apmbn Xs cNbn-Xm-hn\v t]mp hgn Abp. adp-]Sn Ds-n Ab-pI. cpwIqSn {]kn-o-I-cnpw. Ccp-`m-Khpw hmbnp P\- kXyw {Klns Fpw Is-gpXn. Hc-\--hp-ap-m-bn.
]s, Fs a\v AS-n-bn. Cu ZpjvS-hr-n-Is-Xn-cn
C\nbpw ]eXpw sNm Ign-bp-sav a\v FtmSv ]d-bp-p-mbn--cpp. ^mXnl kqd-ns ad-hn amapivcn-p-I-fpsS Bi-bw
{]N-cn-n-p Cu p{Z-Ir-Xn-bpsS {]Nm-cWw XS-b-W-sav tXmn. K^n \nmWv CXns A-Snbpw hnX-c-Whpw. Rm bp.F.C.bn- t]mb-tm B ]cn-`m-j-bn \np A\n-kvem-anI
Bi-b-fpw D-c-Wn-Ifpw t{ImUo-I-cnp Hcp ItmSv IqSn AhnSs aX-Imcy hIp-n\v kanp. Ah ASn-b-n-c-ambn At\zjnp. Im-c-yw- t_m[y-s--tXmsS ]cn-`m-j-bpsS apgp-h tImn-Ifpw
Ip-sIn. hnX-cWw \ntcm-[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]noSv \mnsen Adn-bs
- an _pIvtm-fp-If
- nepw CXns tImn At\zjnp.
Fhn-sS-bp-an. ]ecpw AXv In-n-sv ]dp. kakvX skk

108

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sNbvXp-hs{X! anmw Cm-Xmbn. aplvbn-o ame-bn \npw Bob {]tNm-Z\w t\Sn Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bvsm-cp-nb a\p-jys\
\n Fv t]cv hnfnpw! Rm Ckvem-ans ITn\ i{Xp Fv
hnfn-pp.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

15
hopw hw auehn
]d-p-h hnj-b-n-tev Rm aS-p-I-bmWv. A\p-_-ambn hcp ]eXpw Iq-n ]d-p-t]m-ImsX amn-sh-m Hm-bn \npw AXv ad-p-t]m-tbpw. sI.Fw. auehn X-sAt\z-j-W dntmns hni-Zmwiw- Adn--tm Aw-hnp.
Fp-am{Xw Zb-\o-bhpw A]-I-S-I-c-hp-amWv kap-Zm-b-ns Cu
Zpc-h! hnZym-`ym-k-nepw km-nI \ne-hm-c-nepw Xmc-Xtay\ sa-s Hcp kaq-l-ns aX-t_m[w C{Xbvv tami-amsW-n, Fgppw hmb-\-bp-an-m Gd-\mSv hp-h-\mSv Xmeqp-I-fnse amnf kaq-l-ns Imcyw F{X ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-am-bncnpw! CsXm-pw a\-n-em-msX bph-Xz-ns \smcp `mKw
tZiob kmap-Zm-bnI cmjv{Sob {]h-\-n sNe-h-gnp. Hcp
^e-hp-ap-m-bn. kap-Zmbw t]dm Ign-bm Zpc--n\v hnt[-bambn _lp-Zqcw ]nd-tImp X-sp. Bo-b-Im-cy- ame
aueo-Zp-I-fnepw a{ X{--fnepw J_ ]qP-I-fnepw IpSpn
\inp. Zpbmhpw BJn-dhpw \jvS-s kaqlw! _meyw apX
aX-hn-m\ cwKv ]Tnpw ]Tn-npw Pohn Xm\pw Cu \jvSt_m-[-ns Imc-W-m-cn Hcm-ft F in-bmb tJZw.
]m-m] t_m[w aue-hnsb sXsm-p-a Ae-n-bXv.
tamN-\-n-s\p amKw? kzbw c-s-SWw. kaq-ls cs-Sp-m Ign-bp-Xv {]b-Xv\n-Ww. {]iv\ _mlp-ey--fn
\npw ap-\mbn im-amb A-co--n Atlw ]nS-bvp-
a\-tmsS Nnn-p-sIm-n-cpp. hXpw sN-W-sa-n X\nv
A`bw \In kwc-n-p-t]m-cp IpSpw-_-n-sbpw Ah-tcmsSm \mp {]am-Wn-am-cp-sSbpw Xm Ign-p-Iq-Sp- kaq-l-nsbpw klm-bhpw kl-I-c-Whpw IqSntb Xocq. Atm t_m[-h-

109

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

XvI-cWw FhnsS \npw XpS--W-sav Xncp auehn AKm-[amb Nn-bn-embn.- Atm-gXm Hcp Xncn-\mfw!- 1400 kwh--c-v apv a-bnse lndm Kpl-bn sXfn B hnf-n \npw
In-s-Sp-Xp Xs!- At\-Im-bncw ssZh-Zq-X-m-cn-eqsS ssIamdn-h B hnfv ]cn-]qW- {]Im-i-m {]tim-`n-X-am-bXv lndmKp-l-bn shm-bn-cpp. AtX-p-hm-nb hnip Ic- Xs
hniz-kvX A\p-N-c-m-cpsS ssII-fn AtX]np. Cu shfnw
e`n-n-n-m--hv \n Fn-p-sIm-Spp F hkzn-v
\In Ahsc ]Tn-np kwkvI-cnp D-a-cn D-a-cmn. amXrIm--]p-cp-j-m-cmn.- B alm-mhv, apl-Zv \_n Cu temIw
hnp-t]mbn. Gs-Sp--h AXv sISmsX kqnp. Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eq-sS
ssIamdn. \qm-p-I-fn-eqsS,- Ime tZi--fn-eqsS B tim` k-cnp. Bh-iy-ap--hv Ftmgpw AXn \npw ]Is-Spmw.
ChnsS B hnf-p-ambn Hcp a\p-jy IS-p-hp. tZio-b-t_m[-nepw cmjv{Sob Xo{h-X-bnepw kmap-Zm-bnI \-bnepw B a\v
ka-\z-bnv apt-dp-tmgpw Xs Bmhv Gp-hm-nb Xulo-Zns Xncn-\mfw B- Xqen-I-bn-eqsS \n-fnp. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq cmP
knw--lm-k-\s hnd-sIm-n a\p-jy. "`b-Iu-Sn-ey-tem-`-
hfp-In-smcp \mSns\' F ap{Zm-hm-Iy-hp-ambn P\--fpsS tZiob kzmX-{y-t_m-[s Xn-bp-Wn apt-dnb kztZ-im-`n-am\n ]{X-ns DS-a-. sImw Pn-bn Nnd-bnIogv Xmeq-nse hw F {Kma-n ]q{mw-hn-fmIw hon ]nd apl-Zv
A_vZp JmZn F Akm-am\y {]Xn`. Xulo-Zns Xncn-\m-f-hpambn IS-p-hp.
sI.Fw. auehn, C.sI. auehn, sI.Fw. koXn kmln_v, aplZv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v, C. sambvXp auehn, Fw.kn.kn.
A_vZp-d-lvam auehn XpS-nb alm-c-Y-mv I hoYn-bn
amXr-Ibpw ]S-tbm--n ss[cyhpw \Inb hw auehn B[p\nI tIcf Ncn-{X-nse \thm-m\ Ime-L--ns Kpcphpw
amK-Zin-bp-am-bn-cpp. kap-Zm-bs ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS ]mX-bn-te-v
\bn B hn-h-\m-b-Is\ Cu kap-Zmbw adp. B ISp IrXLv\-Xbvv Hcp Ffnb {]mb-n--am-Is hn\o-X-amb Fs Cu
sImp-hm-p-I. 19mw \qm-ns Ah-km-\-n P\nv Ccp]Xmw \qm-ns Bcw-`-n (28121873 31101932) ]c-temI

110

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

{]m]vX-\mb hw auehn 59 hj-m-eta Pohn-pq. {lkz-amb

Cu Pohn-X-bm-{X-bn P\-Po-hn-X-ns kakvX taJ-e-I-fnepw
]p\hnNn--\-n-sbpw ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-sSbpw ]mX-sbm-cp-m B
alm-m-hn\v Ignp. Atlw Is-nb kXy-ho-Yn-bn-eqsS
aptmv Ipsd \on-b-tijw ]ntmv Xncn-p-t\m-n-b-tm
]q{mw-hn-fm-I-nse henb k-ns DS-abvv A[n-Ihpw \jvS-s-n-cpp. A-t-l-n-s- ac-W-tijw Ah-Im-in-I t\mn
\nt tijn--sXms IS-m sImp-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Xma-kn-n-cp Xd-hmSv t]mepw P]vXn-sN--sp. Fmw kzkap-Zmb-n\pw kzcm-Py-n\pw thn.- Fm \jvS-s--Xn-t\-m
Gsd D-a-am-bXv At-l-n\v ]c-tem-Iv e`n-n-cn-m AlX-bpv. Amlp B alm-\p-`m-h\v AXn-cp A\p-{Klw sNmcn-bpam-dm-Is. Bao. hw apl-Zv A_vZp JmZn aue-hn-bpsS
XymtKm-z-e-amb Ncn{Xw ]pXnb Xe-apd Fp-sImv Ab-hn-dp-n. \n-tItSm AYhm \mi-tl-Xpthm?!
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

16
sFIy kwLw
Rm ]d-p-h-Xv tIc-f-nse Ckvemlo {]m-\-ns
\mb-I-\mb sI.Fw. aue-hnv shfnw e`n hgn-sb-p-dn-mWv.
hw aue-hn-bp-am-bp k-amWv CXn\v ImcWw. CXv tIptIhn-b. Fs Kpcp-\m-Y-\n \npw t\cn-p Adn-hmWv.
1922 Ago-tmSv "\njv] kwLw' F t]cn Hcp kwLS\
\ne-hn hp. sI.Fw. auehn, sI.Fw. koXn-km-ln_v At-lns ]nXmhv tIm-p-dv koXn apl-Zv kmln_v, aW-m Ipp-ap-l-Zv lmPn, ]pho-n sI.Fw. Ipn-ap-l-Zv kmln_v XpS-nb alZv hyn-I Cu kwL-ns Fm-sa-m-am-bncpp. apkvenw-In-S-bn-ep In-h-g-p-Ifpw tNcn-tm-cp-Ifpw
IpSpw_ `n-X-Ifpw ]d-sm-Xpn sFIy-ap-mpI- F kZvKpW k--amb Dt-iy-tm-sS-bmWv \njv] kwLw \ne-hn
hXv. CXv k^-e-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. {]h\w ]pd-tv
hym]n-n--W-sav A`n-{]m-b-ap-m-b-tm hnim-e-amb ImgvN-m-

111

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Sn t]cv amn. tIcf apkvenw sFIykwLw Fmbn. hw auehn-bpsS _pnbpw ZoL-Zr-jvSnbpw CXn {]hnp. kwL-ns BZi-{]-Jym-]-\hpw XpSp {]h-\-fpw CXv hnfntm-Xpp.
1923 sFIykwL-ns {]Ya hmjnI kt-f\w \Sp.
alm-\mb hw aue-hn-bmWv kt-f-\-n Ay--m\w
Ae--cn-Xv. Cu kt-f-\-n AwKo-I-cn {]tabw tIc-f-ns aX kmwkvIm-cnI cwKv Hcp hgn-n-cn-hm-bn-op. tIcf
apkvenw-I-fn ]qv ]nSnp InS-p inns cq]- Dsmp-Xpw kap-Zm-b-ns kmKn-Ihpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb
Ah-sb \in-n-p-Xpw GI-ssZh hnizm-k-n\v lm\n kw`hn-n--Xp-amb N-\-pSw, Ddqkv, sImSn-Ipv XpS-nb J_
]qP-bpsS tIme- hn--W-sav apkvenw-I-tfmSv At]-np--Xm-bn-cpp {]tabw. Cu A\m-Nm-c- Pohn-tXm-]m-[n-bmbn
kzoI-cn ]utcm-lnXyw CtXmsS kwL-n-s\-Xn-cmbn. hfsc
t\cs Xs A-hn-izmk _n-X-amb Zphr-n-Isf \mhpsImpw XqenI sImpw FXnp-sIm-n-cp hw aue-hnbpsS Ay--X-bn Xs Cu {]tabw AwKo-I-cn--Xn \npw
Ckvemlo Nn-bpsS kwL-SnX {]h-\-v cq]-`mhw \Inb _pn-tI{w GsXv a\-n-em-m {]bm-k-an. ]utcm-lnXyw hw aue-hn-tbbpw sFIykwL-tbpw _n-n-p-sImv
CXpw ]ng ]mn-bm-sWv {]Jym-]np. AXn-\m apkvenw-I-fmcpw CXn IpSp-n-tm-I-cp-sXv Ah {]Nm-c-the- \Sn. ]-s,
Am-lp-hns HuZm-cy-mepw A\p-{K-l-mepw kwLw aptm-pK-an-p-I-bm-bn-cpp.
1924 sFIy-kw-L-ns c-mw- hmjnIw Bep-hm-bn tNp. theq _mJn-bm-p-kzm-en-lmv F kp{]-kn Ad-_n-tmtf-Pns {]nkn-m auem\m A_vZp- Pm lkvd-ns
Ay--X-bn-em-bn-cpp CXv. B tbmK-n shmWv al-mb
asmcp Itk\v XpSw Ipdn-Xv. tIc-f-ns \m\m-Zn-p-Ifn \npw Wnp hcp-nb ]WvUn-X-msc tNp-sImv
"tI-cfm PwC--p Deam' F ]WvUnX kwL-S-\v cq]w \In. sFIykwLhpw Deam kwLhpw tbmPnp \on. Fm
A]-ISw aW--dn apkvenbm-m CXn-s\-Xn-cnepw \on. ASp-

112

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hjw Xs Ipsd apkvenbm- PwC--p De-a-bn

\npw ]ncn-p-t]mbn. Cu Iq-cmWv ]noSv "kakvX tIcf PwC-p Dea' F ]pXnb kwL-S\ cq]o-I-cn-Xv. kap-Zm-b-n
\S-am-Sp- A-hn-izm-k-pw A\m-Nm-c-pw AwKo-Im-cfpw ]np-Wbpw \In. AXv ]cn-t]m-jn-n-p-hm Imem-Im-e-fn \ymb-fpw sXfn-hp-Ifpw sa\-p-mn kakvX Apap-X {]h\w Bcw-`np. Cpw AXp XpS-cpp. ]pXnb ]pXn-b
hgn-m-c-I-fn-eqsS.- aZvd-k-I, tImtf-Pp-I, ]{X-, Jp-B
]cn-`m-j-I, {K-, skan-\m-dp-Ifpw knwt]m-kn-b-fpw alm
kt-f-\-fpw [\-k-m-Z\ {ia-fpw hntZ-i-bm-{X-Ifpw. As\ Fm-samw inn-sbpw _nZ-vA-p-I-fp-sSbpw \ne-\nn-\pth-n-bp Azm-\-am-Ipp. tIcf apkvenw-I-fpsS hnizmk Icw-Kv \thm-m\w ey-amn BZy-ambn cq]o-Ir-X-amb kwL-S\sb ]nfn-bXv Cu apkven-bm- Xs-bm-bn-cpp. ]utcm-lnXy--ns kwc--W-n-\p-thn. Fn--hXs apkvenw sFIys-p-dnv hmtXm-cmsX ]dpw ssII-g-mepw Fgp-Xnbpw Pohnpp! sFIykwLw AXns aqmw hmjnIw 1925 tImgntmSv shv \Sn. Jm _l-Zq apl-Zv iw\mSv kmln-_m-bncpp Ay-. kt-f\w hnP-b-{]-Z-am-m tImgn-tmv ]uc{]-ap-J-\mb Jm_l-Zq, ]n.Fw. B-tmb X-fpsS t\Xr-Xzn Hcp kzoI-cW kwLw cq]o-I-cnp. AtXmsS ]ng kwLw
ap-kvenw kap-Zm-bs \in-n-m ae-_m-dn-tev tNt-dn-bn-cnpp F {]Nm-c-W-th-ebpw XpSn. Nne ]WvUn-X-msc kwLw hntcm-[n-I sImp-hp. sFIykwL-hp-ambn N \Sn.
am{X-a, As Xe-sb-Sp-p apkv-e-ym-sf tbmK-n Wn-p-h-cpn. apl-Zv idq kmln_v FXn-cm-fn-I D-bn Hmtcm hmZ-s-p-dnpw tbmK-n tNmZy- D-bnp. Fm-n\pw kwL-ns HutZym-KnI {]Xn-\n-[n-bmb C.sI. auehn kmln_v bphpw hy-hp-amb adp-]Sn \In. apkvenbm--fpsS Xeh\pw ]nm-ev Fs Kpcp-\m-Y-\p-am-bn-cp ]mn Alv-aZvIpn apkvenbm sFIy-kwLw Alvep-p-n h Pam-A-ns ASn-m-\-n-ep kXy-kw-L-am-sWp {]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw
temIm-h-km\w hsc CXp \ne-\ntW Fv Am-lp-hn-t\mSv
]cky {]m-\bpw \Sn. Fm \n`mKyw! ]mn apkvenbm-cpsS {]m\ At-l-n\v ^ew sNbvXn. P\--fpsS Bh-

113

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

iy-n-\-\p-k-cnv I ^Xvh-I Xm-dm-p bYm apkvenbm-cmbn Xs Atlw XpSp. Iptd Ime-n\p tijw Atlw
F-s Kpcp-\m-Y-\mbn. Rm At-l-ns Acpa injy\pw Fgpp-Im-c-\p-ambn. F{X-sb{X I ^Xvh-I Cu hncXp-p-I-fn-eqsS, ]mns hmN-I--fn-eqsS Xm-dm--sp. ]ecpw s]mXnbpw
Ingnbpw \In AXp-sImv t]mIp-Xv thZ-\-tbmsS Rm Ip.
Am-lpth! Rm \nc-]-cm-[n-bm-Ipp. Rm AXn\v t{]cn-n-nn. Fs a\v AXn Xr]vX-am-bn-cp-n. A\p-k-cWt_m[ap Hcp injy-\mbn, \n_-n-X-\mbn Rm AXn\v Iogvs-Sp-Ibm-bn-cpp. Fs A\njvSw Ign-hn-s\mv Rm DkvXm-Zn-t\mSv
{]I-Sn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. AXn-\m, Am-lpth F\np
\o s]mdpp Xcn-Ibpw Fs ]m]-ap--\m-p-Ibpw sNt-Wta!
1926 kwL-ns \memw hmjnIw Xe-t-cn-bn-emWv tNXv. Ckvem-an-tev ]cn-h\w sNbvXp-h ]noSv kp{]-kn
Jp-B hymJym-Xm-hm-bn-o ama-Uyqv ]nm AhI-fmbn-cpp Ay-. F.sI. ambnIpn kmln_v, _n. t]m kmln_v ASw ]e ]uc-{]-[m-\n-Ifpw B tbmK-n `mK-`m-mbn.
{]ap-J-\mb lmPn A_vZp km lmPn CkvlmJv tkp-hns
Xe-t-cn-bnepw amln-bn-ep-ap _wm-hp-I hmjnI tbmK-ns D]-tbm-K-n-\mbn hnp-sIm-Sp-p-sImv Atlw klm-bnp.
apkven-bm--fpsS A]-i-_vZ- Ahn-sSbpw Fm-Xn-cp-n.
]t, Hcp ^ehpw Ahv e`n-n.
Amw hmjnIw 1927 Iq-cn shp \Sp. {]kn ]WvUn-X\pw hI {][m-\n-bp-am-bn-cp apl--Zen Jkqcn B ktf-\-n Ay--\mbn. Jkqcn IpSpw-_-amWv tImgn-tm-Sp
{]kn--amb sP.Un.n. Ckvemw A\m-Y-im-e-bpsS m]-I. ae_m el-f-m-ev A\m-Y-cm-bn-o apkvenw-a-sf kwc-np hfm B alm-m kztZ-i-amb ]m-_n \npw ae-_mdn hp. amn-f-amv B IpSpw_w Htsd tkh-\- An-npv. sP.Un.n. Cpw Pohn-p tkh-\-cw-K-ambn XpS-cpp.
1928 ASp hmjnIw Xncq-cn \Sp. aZn-cmin kwm-\s ]nIv kokv Io-j sa-dm-bn-cp tUm. A_vZp-lv Bbn-cpp Ay--]Zw Ae--cn-Xv. tbmKw Ae-tm-e-s-Spm apkv e nbm- P\- sf Cf- n- h np. CXns] Nne

114

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t]mn-cn-I kwLw {]h-Isc ]e D]-{Z-h-fpw G]np.

]s, tbmKw hnP-b-I-c-ambn ]cy-h-km-\np. Ak-`y-hjw sImpw apw kwLw `mc-hm-ln-I-tfbpw {]h-I-tcbpw D]-{Z-hn--hcpsS t\Xm- Xs ]noSv tbmK--e-sn Ay--t\mSpw
`mc-hm-ln-I-tfmSpw am-t]-np. B tbmK-n sI.Fw. koXnkm-ln_v apJy {]kw-K-I-\m-bn-cpp. Atlw ]dp: \psS
ktlm-Z-c-m sXn--cn-n--s-n-cn-pp. C\n Hc-h-k-c-n
Ch Xs Rsf At\z-jnp hcp-Ibpw Iqn-sm-p-hv
{]kw-Kn-n-p-Ibpw sNp-sav Rv Dd-pv. Fm asmc-h-k-c-n\v Imp \ntn hn. Ap-Xs Ipg--m
]c-ky-ambn ]m--]np. apkvenbm- Ahn-sSbpw ]cm-Pn-X-cmbn.
7mw hmjnIw 1929 Jm _l-Zq ]n.Fw. sambvXp kmln-_ns Ay--X-bn Fd-Wm-Ip-fv \Sp. AhnsS henb FXnp-I Dm-bn. tIc-f-ns \m\m-`m-K-p-ap {]ap-J B
tbmK-n kw_-np.
8mw hmjnIw 1930 Xncp-h-\--]p-c-mWv \S-Xv. aZn-cmin
tbmPn v Ub-c-IvS-dm-bn-cp e^v. tIW A_vZp laoZv kmln_m-bn-cpp tbmKm-y-. 1931 hSt ae-_m Unkv{SnIvv
B v skjkv PUvPn Jm _l-Zq ao ssk\p-o kmln-_ns Ay--X-bn ae-p-d-p-shpw 1932 auem\m knZv A_vZph-lm_v _pJm-cn-bpsS Ay--X-bn Imktm-p-sh-pw
HXpw ]pw hmjnIw \S--sp.
11maXv hmjnIw sFIy-kw-L-ns P-\m-Smb Fdn-bmSv Xs \Sp. _n. t]m kmln_v Ay--\m-bn-cpp. 12ma-tXpw kwL-ns HSp-hn-e-t-Xp-amb hmjnI tbmKw Iq Ad sIn-\-I-mWv BtLm-jn--s-Xv.
sFIy-kw-L-ns {]h-\-n\v hncm-a-an-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp.
kmt-Xn-I-amb hncmaw am{Xw. 1931 Xe-t-cn-bn m]n tIcf
apkvenw aPven-kn-sbpw sFIy-kw-L-n-sbpw {][m\ {]h\hpw eyhpw {]mtbW kam-\-am-bn-cpp. sFIy-kw-L-ns
t]cv A\z-am-m, AXm-bXv Htc ey-n cp tNcn-I
{]hn-m-Xn-cn-s F kZp-t-iy-n sFIy-kwLw B
t]cn XpS-tc--Xn-sv Ah-km-\-tbm-K-n Hcp {]tabw aptJ-\
Xocp-am-\n--s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. kwL-ns t]cn Dm-bn-

115

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cp `qkz-p-I apkvenw hnZym-`ymk cwKv A`n-am-\-kvXw-`ambn hncm-Pn ^mdqJv tImtf-Pn\v G]n-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. sFIy-kwLw eyw-sh BZi-ap-tw PwC--p
Deam- Gs-Spv aptm-p-\on. ]mn Al-v-a-ZvIpn apkvenbm
{]mn--t]mse sFIy-kwLw Dbnb BZiw hfp ]enp. ]pjv]np. KpWhpw cpNn-bp-ap ImbvI-\n-I \In-smn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpp. (sFIy-kw-L-ns hmjnI- t\mpI Ah-ew_w sI.Fw. auehn,- cN\sI.sI. apl-Zv A_vZp
Icow)
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

17
hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw
hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw Fpw hyn-]-c-ambn F\nv Xm-]-cy-ap
kwK-Xn-b. ImcWw sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ]n_-e-n hnjbw hni-ZoI-cn-p-Ibpw As\ X-fpsS hmZw m]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXpsImv P\-sf t_m[-h-XvI-cn-m Cu ]cn-]mSn A[n-Ihpw
]cym-]vX-am-Ip-I-bn. sXfn-hp-I-tf-m-tfsd AXn ]s-Sp-p--hcpsS hmIvkm-ayhpw IpX-{-fpw aqew FXn-cm-fnsb Iogvs-Sp-emWv ChnsS kw`-hn-p-Xv. sXfn-hp-Ipw tcJ-Ipw ]etmgpw cmw-m-\ta e`n-m-dpq. ]Xn-m-p-Iv apv Hv
cv XhW Rm hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n IpSp-n-bn-pv. ]cm-P-b-sn. ]s hnP-bn-n. ]m sXfn-hp-I Dm-bnpw hnP-bn-m
Ign-n-s Zp:-J-kXyw Rm a\-n-emn. AtXmsS Cu ]cn]m-Sn-bn \npw Rm hnc-an-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
1940IfpsS XpS--n-emWv kw`hw. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bp-ambn
\nXy k-nepw ]T-\-nepw Ign-bp Ime-amWv. Hcp Znhkw
tImgn-tmSv Nmenbw F tZip \nv Hcm aue-hnsb ImWm hp. Xncp-hn-Xmw-IqIm-c Hcp apkvenbm Nmen-bv {]kw-Knpp. Atlw ]d Hcp Imcyw \mn-emsI henb {]iv\-am-bn-cnpp. \_nbpsS ]n-bn Hcn- apSn-h-fn t{Imv sNbvX
Hcm hp Ibdn. \_n Abm-tfmSv ITn-\-ambn tZjy-sp. ]nbn \npw Abmsf ]pd-m-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hlm-_n-I A[n-

116

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ihpw apSn t{Imv sNp--h-cmWv. Ahsc ]n-bn Ib--cpXv.

AXn-\p-thn {]hm-N-Is \S-]Sn sXfn-hmbn sImp-h-cn-I-bmWv
apkvenbm sNbvXXv. kz-lo-lp _pJm-cn-bnepw kz-lolv apkvenanepw Cu hnjbw dntmv sNbvXn-p-spw apkvenbm Xn-hnp.
CXn-t\-m henb sXfnhv thsdv thWw!- CtXm-S-\p-_-nv
\on-h-en-p Ipsd Akw-_--fpw.
Imew GXm- s Wv HmWw. hlm- _ n- b m- s W- - d n- m
kzw hon t]mepw `Ww \ntj-[npw. kaqlw shdp-p
Imew. Imb-_-ehpw Xt-S-hp-ap--hp am{Xw Ipd-s-nepw ]nSnp \nm-\mhpw. Nnte-S--fn Nmb--S-I-fn \npw Hcp -mv
shw tNmZn-m t]mepw Xcn. Xm Xs ITn-\-amb shdptm-sS-bm-bn-cnpw. \mbv shw sImSp-mepw hlm-_nv sImSp--cp-sX-mWv apkvenbm- ]d-bp-Xv. Cpw As\ ]d-bm-
aSn-m--hsc ImWmw.
"JWvU\ {]kwK-n\v Hcmsf InWw' h-bm Imcy-
hnh-cn tijw ]dp. Atm ev Rm am{X-ta-bpq.
sI.Fw. auehn FtmSv Nmen-b-tv t]mIm \nt-inp. t]mIm Hcp-n-b-tm F\nv Hcp bpn tXmn. _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw InXm-_p-I IqsS sImp-t]mImw. Hcm IqsS-bp-Xpw
\-XmWv.
Ctm kDuZn Atd-_y-bnse ]uc\pw IpSpw-_-k-taXw aZo-\bn nc-Xm-a-khpw aZo\ Ckvem-anIv bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bn \n-vs{]m^-k-dmbn dn-b sNbvX, sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS aI Imn-_v
A_vZp--aZv aue-hnbpw Atm Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cpp. A_vZp-aZv Av Fs hnZymn-bp-amWv. A_vZp--a-Zns\ Fs IqsS
Ab-p-X-cm Rm DkvXm-Zn-t\mSv A`ynp. As\ InXm-_pIfpw Npav R Nmen-b-tv t]mbn. JWvU\ {]kw-K-n\v
A\p-hmZw Xc-s-Sp-m apkvenbm hAfv \S-p-n-S-tv
B t]mbn. AXv km[y-a, hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v Xm-dptm? F
shp-hn-fn-bmWv ]Icw hXv. F\n-Xv CjvS-ap Imcy-a. Fs
AXn\v ]p-I-bn-sv Ghpw \mbn Adn-bp--h Rm XsbmWv. ]s, Atm Rm AXn\v k-Xn-m--]w Ahn-sSbp ke-^n-I-fmb Npcpw kplr-p-v ]e hnj-a-fpw
A\p-`-hn-t-n-hcpw. Rm k-Xnp.

117

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

CimAv \a-kvIm-cm-\-cw IS-pdw ]n-bn R Hcp-anp.

Fs Adn-bp--hcpw Rm Adn-bp--hcpw hfsc XpOw. ke^oamK-n Av Rm ]pXp-ap-J-am-Wtm. IqSn-b-h-cn alm `qcn]-hpw X\n J-pdm-^n-I-fmb kpn-I-fmWv. aX-]-ctam `uXnItam Bb sImp hnhcw t]mepw Ah-cpsS \me-b-ev IqSn t]mbnn-m ip aXkvt\ln-I. As\ cwK-sam-cp-n-b-tm
Rm apkven-bm-tcmSv tNmZnp. ""\n ta{]-Im-c-samw ]d-nptm?'' ""Dv'' apkvenbm Iqket\y adp-]Sn \In. ""Fm-eXv
_pJm-cn-bn ImWn-p-X-cptam?'' Fmbn Rm.- ""ImWn-m-atm.
]s, _pJmcn ChnsS C.'' Fv apkvenbm.
A_vZp--aZv auehn InXm-_p-I-fp-ambn Ipdv AIse ]n-bn
Xs Ccn-p-p-m-bn-cpp. ""A_vZp--atZ'' Rm hnfnp. B
_pJmcn ChnsS sImp-hcq.-'' DSs\ sImp-hp. apkven-bm-cpsS
apJv Hcp ]X Dm-bXv Rm {inp. A{]-Xo-n-X-am-Wtm AXv. InXm_v apkvenbm-cpsS In sImSpp. GXmv Hc aWnq t\cw _pJm-cn-bpsS hmey- Hsm-mbn t]Pp-I
adn-p-t\mn.- apkvenbm Ipg-n. ImgvN-m-cm-b-hv Hcp ]cm-Xnbp-an. Ah \ni-_vZ-cm-bn-cpp. Fm ]v an\nv t\cw Rm\m-bn-cpp InXm-_n Cu sXc-n \S-n-bn-cp--sX-n AhnsS
hn tImem-lew Xs \S-p-am-bn-cpp. Ap-anpw CXn\p
am-an.
As\ sXc-n bXv\w Ah-km-\n-p-sImv apkvenbm ]dp. ""CXn ImWp-n kz-lolv apkvenw Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-n
s]sv ImWn-m-am-bn-cpp'' Rm hopw hnfnp. ""A_vZp--atZ,B klolv apkvenw Cs-Sptm.-'' C-hW apkven-bm icnpw
sRn. InXm_v In sImSpp. t]Pp-I adn- Xs adn-!
Bfp-Iv Hcp ]cm-Xn-bp-an. ""klolv apkvenw Inn-bm DSs\
ImWn-m-sav \n Ctm ]d--Xt. Fn-st Cs\
adnpw Xncnpw t\cw If-bp-Xv'' Fv apkvenbm-tcmSv kuay-nse-nepw tNmZn-m Hcm t]mepw Hcp--an. apkvenbmsc tNmZyw
sNp-Itbm? Ipcp--tSv Inpw. ]utcm-lnXyw P\-sf ]Tn-n
Ccw "kq{X'- h mIy- - f mWv Fpw ]ptcm- l nX hK- ns
cbvv Fp-Xv.
Ipsd t\cw Ign--tm CXm "apkvenan'- Fv hnfnp

118

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]dp. ""hmbn-p-tInq.''- Fp Rm\pw. apkvenbm hmbn-pn. Rm InXm_v hmn. Abm Nqn-m-Wn `mKw Rm
Dds hmbnp. kw`hw C{]-Im-c-amWv. ssJ_ bp-n apivcnp-I-fpsS ]S-\m-b-I-\mb apln_pw apkvenw \mb-I-\mb Aen
bpw Xn Gp-ap-nb hnj-b-am-WnXv. InXm-_n C{]-Imcw
ImWmw. ""hf-d-_ d--A-k apln-_n ^ JX-elp kp Im\-^v-lp Aem bssZln''- kmcw: ""Atm A-en apln-_ns Xeshn. apln-_ns\ h[np. XZv^-e-ambn At-l-ns Im
hnPbw hcnp.''Cu Aw tIn tijw kw`-h-ns ]m-ew Rm
IqSn-bn-cp--hv hnh-cn-p-sIm-Spp. tijw apkvenbm-tcmSv tNmZnp. \n ]d hnj-b-n ChnsS \np sXfnhv
FmWv? \n-fpsS Aw Hp tIn-m sImmw. Atm B a\pjy ]nimNv ]d-bp-I-bmWv. ""Abm Xs Xe-apSn shnp.
t{Imv sNbvXp. AXn-\m Abmsf Bn-p-d-mn.'' C-hW
ApX ]c-h-i-\m-bXv Rm\m-bn-cpp!- `b--c-amb Cu Ifhv tIv
Rm sRn-hn-dp!- InXm-t_mXn ]Tnp P\-sf D]-tZ-in-m
\S-p Cu a\p-jy bmsXmcp ktm-Nhpw IqSmsX, hnj-b-hpambn ]pe-_w t]mep-an-m ]-\pW ]c-ky-ambn ]d-bm
ss[cy-s-tm! ""a\p-jy-lr-Z-b--fn Zpa-{Ww \S-p a\pjy-cn \npw Pnp-I-fn \np-ap ]nim-Np-'' Fv- Jp-B
Dt_m-[n-n Imcyw Rm t\cn Ip.
Rm tNmZnp: ""apkvenbmsc,- \n ]d Aw Rm
Fgp-Xs.'' DSs\ adp-]Sn: Fgp-Xn-tmfq. apkvenbm ]d Aw A_vZp--aZv auehn FgpXn. FtXpw FgpXn. tijw A-hn-Ss {][m-\n-Isf G]np. \nn-jvS-ap apkvenbm--tfmSv
CXns icn-bm-bn-p-Xv GsXv tNmZnp t_m[y-s-SpI Fv
Rm ]dp. Amlp \Inb hnti-j-_pn D]-tbm-Kn Hscm
a\p-jy-t\bpw B kZ-n Rm In. Cu Zpc-h--bn-tev
kaq-ls hen-s-dn ]ptcm-lnX hKs `b-`-n-]qw
kaqlw BZ-cn-pp. apkvenbm--fpsS kz`mhw Bdp- ]-Xn-m-pIv tijhpw am-an-msX XpS-cpp. Fm B[p-\nI Zriy-{imhy am[y-a-fpw hnh-c-km-t-XnI hnZybpw D]-tbm-Knv Ccw
Jpdm-^m-p-I Ah Ctmgpw ]Tn-n-pp. {]N-cn-n-pp.

119

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

_pn D]-tbm-Kn--hv Amlp lnZm-bv \In. AXn\v Hcpm--h Cpw B Nfn-p-gn-bn Xs.
kZv ]ncnp. Fs a\-n Xnc-b-Sn-p-sIm-n-cpp. Akly-amb t_Pmdv-!- ta]-d cv A-fpw shtsd ImWnp- s Impw CXn icn- t b- s Xv At\z- j n- p- - X p- a mb Hcp
t\mokv Rm ]pd-n-dn. Fs Cu t\mokv ]cn-]m-Snv Bdv
]Xn-m-p-I-fpsS ]g--apv. A-tm Dm-Ip Imcy--fn
P\-sf t_m[-h-XvI-cn-m\pw X]-c-I-n-I-fpsS h-hpw
I--chpw Xpd-p-Im-Wn-m\pw sNe-hp-Ip-d-Xpw Ffp--ambXpw Cu t\mnkv ]cn-]mSn Xs-bm-sWv ZoL-Im-em-\p-`-h F\nv ]mTw \In. Fs BZi-_-p- t]mepw Xamibvtm ]cn-lmkw Ie `mh-ntem Fs t\mokv auehn
Fp hnfnv Bt-]n-m-dpv. Bt-]- Adp-]Xv hj-fmbn hnhn[ cq]-n Fs ]np-S-cpp. Rm Fmw \oXn-bpsS
Ii IWn-i-m-c-\mb dns\ G]n-n-cn-pp. G]n-m
Ghpw Xc-s--h Ah Xs-bt. AXn-\m F\nv Bi-I-fn. Rm hymIp-e-\p-a. dn\v kvXpXn! ac-Ww-hsc Cu kPohX Amlp \ne-\nn-cp-am-dm-Is! (Cu {]mY\ dv kzoIcnp. ac-W-n\v cmgvN appw tcm-K-i--bn- Hcp t\mokv ASn-n-cppFUn-)
{]i-kvX-\mb Nmen-bv Al--ZvtImb apkvenbm (t_q
Jmfn) XpS-nb ]e {][m\ apkven-bm--fpsS Nmcpw ta ]d tNmZy-hp-ambn Bfp-I sNp. Bcpw icn-bmb adp-]Sn \Inbn. Hmtcmtcm kq{Xw ]dp Hgn-p-amdn. kXyw ]d-m
hlm-_n-Iv A\p-Iq-e-amIpw. AXv kln-p-IqSm. Ifhv ]d-bm
Hcp a\-km-n-pv! Fm Cs kJm^n ss^kn-amtcm,
Im-]pcw t]tcm-Sp-amtcm Bbn-cp-s-n bmsXmcp ssha-\-kyhpw IqSmsX apkven-bm-cpsS Aw icn-sh-p-am-bn-cpp!- ]u-tcmlnXyw P\-sf hnSp-I-bn. P\- ]ptcm-ln-X-msc Dt]-n-pI-bp-an. kap-Zm-b-ns Imcyw alm IjvSw Xs!
Fs Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h--fn C\n-bp-apv Hcp hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ Ncn{Xw. hmb-\-mv CXn ]mT--fpv F in-bmb hnizm-kamWv AXn-hnsS tcJ-s-Sp-m t{]cn-n-p-Xv. Imew Ipd-pIqSn aptm-p-t]mbn. 1957emsWm-Wv- Hm. Xncq-c-m-Sn-bnse

120

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Pohn-X-_---fpsS Hcp In-bmWo kw`hw.

kpm_-t-cn-bnse Hcp Pn apX-em-fn-bm-bn-cpp ItmS ap-lmPn. Atlw ln\v hp. Rm Av Atd-_y-bn-emWv. sI.Fw. aue-hnbpw B hjw ln-\p-m-bn-cpp. R
Ahn-sS-shv ap-lm-Pn-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-sp. \mn-se-n-bm
R-fn-cp-hcpw At-l-ns hon sNm Wn--sp. apkvenbm-sf hon Wn-p-h-cpn k-cn- At-l-ns
]Xnhp ]cn-]m-Sn-bmWv. sI.Fw. auehn kmln_v cq]-nepw `mhnepw Hcp ]gb apkven-bmcpw `nkzcq-]-\p-am-bn-cpp. F\nv
\o XmSnbpw Xte-s-p-apv. a-p--tm \o Ad-_n-pm-bhpw ]Xn-hmWv. ap-lm-Pnv Rsf \mbn t_m[np. Xncqc-mSn bXow-Jm-\v h klm-bhpw Ct-l-n \npw e`n-tp-sa Bi-b-mWv Ww kzoI-cn-m {][m-\-ambpw Fs Kpcp\m-Ys\ t{]cn-n-Xv.
\mn-se-nb R Hcp Znhkw ap-lm-Pnsb tXSn-sp.
At-l-ns hon \npw Ipd--I-se-bp Hcp _wm-hn-emWv
R Hp-tNXv. s\sN-Sn-I sImbvXp I-I sImp-hp Iqn saXn-p Hcp If-apv. AhnsS ]mb-hn-cnv auehn Camambn \nv R \a-kvI-cnp. \a-kvImc tijw ]Xnhv t]mse
aue-hn apk--bn \npw amdn. \a-kvIm-c-tijw Iq-{]mY\ \Sm--Xn-s\-p-dnv ap-lmPn FtmSv tNmZnp. ""\a-kvIm-cn BZyw AXp-X-s-bm-Wtm \S-p-Xv'' Fv Rm
]dp. Cu adp-]Sn Rm sI.Fw. aue-hn-bn \npw ]Tn--XmWv. At-l-am-Is 1922 alm-\mb hw aue-hn-bn \npw ]TnXpw. hw auehn Cam-ambn, Hcn- At-l-tm-sSmw sI.Fw. auehn \a-kvI-cn-n-pv. \a-kvIm-cm-\-cw hw auehn
apk--bn \npw amdn. Atm Fs Kpcp-\m-Y tNmZnp. ""Ft ZpB Cc-m-Xn-cp-Xv.'' hw auehn ]dp. ""\ CXphsc ZpB-bn Xs-bm-bn-cp-p-htm''-. ]cn-h\ irwJ-e-bnse
Hcp In. Cu kw`hw Fs DkvXmZv F\nv ]d-p-X-n-pv.
]s, ap-lmPn Fs adp-]-Sn-bn Xr]-X-\-m-bn-cpp. \mnsems \S-p-h-cp--Xp-t]mse sNm-Xn-cp--sXv? FmWv
tNmZyw. Rm ]dp. ""\mn \S-p--sX-sv t\mn-b
auehn Zo ]Tn-Xv. Jp-B-\n \npw lZo-kn \np-amWv.-''

121

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Atm Itm-S apX-em-fn-bpsS adptNmZyw: ""Fn \apv

CtX-p-dnv Hv N sNbvXp-IqtS? Rm Hcp apymsc hnfnmw. hnhcw Xm \n hcptam?'' Rm k-Xnp. As\
Znh-khpw Atm Xs Xocp-am-\np.
\nnX Znhkw Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn \npw kpm _t-cn-bntev t]mIm Rm Hcpn. Atm ]ecpw Fs ]nn-cn-nm\pw Hcpn. Rm hg-n-bn. tImgn-tmSv Fn-b-tmgpw CtX A\p-`hw Dmbn. Itm-S henb ZpjvS-\m-sWpw Abm
\nsf t{Zmln-p-sapw Nne ]dp. Fnepw t]mIm-Xn-cn-m
Ftm a\v k-Xn-p-n. Am-lp-hn `c-ta]np Rm
t]mbn. Itm-Ss hoSn\p shfn-bn shv At-l-ns A\pP Ip-_vZp lmPnsb Ip. Atlw Fs ]gb Hcp kplrm-bn-cpp. 1945 Imev Rm tImgn-tmSv ]m-f--n-bn JXo_m-bn-cp--tm XpS-nb kvt\l-_--amWv. Av ke^n BZi-m-c-\m-bn-cpp. ]noSv Pam-As Ckvem-an-bn-tev amdn.
Fnepw R-fpsS hyn-_w \ne-\n-p-t]m-n-cpp. Atlw
FtmSp ]dp; \nv AhnsS h hnj-ahpw t\cn-m
DSs\ Cd-n-h-cWw. Rm\n-hnsS ]pd-p-mIpw. tPyjvTs kz`mhw At-l-n\v \mbn Adn-bp-Xv aqe-am-bn-cnmw Cs\
ap-dn-bnv \In-bXv.
Itm-Ss amfnIapI-fnse Hcp apdn-bn Fs Ccpn. thsd
Bscbpw ImWp-n. Ipsd Ign--tm Hcp apkvenbm hp.
]nm-ev ka-kvX-bpsS P\-d sk{I--dnbpw i-wk-p Deam
F A]c\ma-m hmgv-s--Xp-amb C.sI. A_q-_-
apkvenbm-cm-bn-cpp AXv. At-l-ns In Hcp InXm-_p-mbn-cpp. kw`m-jWw XpS-n-b-tm In-en-cp InXm_v Atlw
Xpdp. \a-kvIm-c-tijw Iqp-{]m\ \S-p--Xn\v hntcm-[-ansv AXn ]d-bp--Xmb `mKw Fs ImWnp. Atm Rm
]dp:- F\nv AsX-p-dnv tNmZn-m-\pv. ]s, {K-Imhv Pohn-n-cn-p-n. \n CXn ]d-Xv AwKo-I-cn-p
Bfm-Wtm. AXp-sImv \n-tfmSv tNmZnmw. Atm C.sI.
ipWvTn-tbmsS Rm CXv AwKo-I-cn-p hyn-bm-sW\v \ntfmSv Bcv ]dp F adp-tNm-Zy-am-Wn-Xv. ""AwKo-I-cn-p--XpsIm-m-Wtm \n CXv sXfn-hmbn lmP-cm-n-bXv'' Fv

122

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Rm\pw ]dp.
XpSv teiw Rm kwkm-cnp. ""_pJm-cn-bnepw apw kzlolmb lZokv {K--fnepw \_nbpsS \S-]Sn C-s\-b hnp-Xv. \a-kvIm-c-n \npw kemw ]d-m ]nn \npw
kv{XoI Fgp-t-p-t]m-Im-\p kabw hsc \_n AhnsS XsC--cnpw. tijw apkz hnp-amdpw. \mn \S-p-h-cpw-t]mse Iqp{]m\ \S-n-b-Xmbn Hcp dntmpw Hcp lZokv InXm-_nepw
hn-n. im^nCu aZvl-_ns InXm-_mb "^Xvlp apCu-\n'
t]mepw Cu hnp-am-d \S-]-Sn-bm-Wtm ]d-n-p-Xv. Fm-bmepw \_n bpsS Ncy-s-Xn-cn GXp InXm-_n Bcp ]d-mepw AXv kzoI-cn-m \ap-sv _m[yX?''-C{X-bp-am-b-tm C.sI. bYm apkvenbm-cpsS kz`m-h-ntev hp. Rm Cam-ao-sf Xn--d-bp--h-\m-sWv Btcm-]np-sImpw Fs t\sc tcmjw-{]-I-Sn-npw apkvenbm hnIm-c-]qw Hcp {]kw-Kw-Xs \Sn. \_nbpsS Ncyp hncp--ambn
Hcp Cam-an-s\bpw kzoI-cn-t bmsXmcp _m[y-Xbpw apkvenwIn-sv Rm\pw hmZnp. Atm amw Zriy-am-bXv Itm-S
apX-em-fn-bpsS kz`m-h-n-em-bn-cpp. hfsc Kuc-h-n Fs
Abm Ipsd No ]dp. Iq-n Nne `oj-Wn-Ifpw XmoXp-Ifpw. Imcy- C{X-tm-f-sa-n-b-tm Rm FWop. Itm-S-t\mSv Rm ]dp: ""\n tXmn\p ssekkv D-h\m-sWv Adn-p-sImp Xs-bmWv Rm\n-hnsS hXv,- Fs
kplr-p- hne-n-bnpw.- AXp-sImp Xs Ctm \nss a\-n-em-bn-cn-p-atm.-'' Rm ]pd-t-n-dn. Itm-S
kvXw`n-p- \np-I-bm-bn-cpp. C.sI. apkvenbm au\-nepw.- Fs kplrv Ip-_vZpm lmPn ]pdv Imp-\np-p-mbn-cpp. Atlw Fs Biz-kn-np. Hcp tlm-en-tev Iqnsm-p-t]mbn. `Ww Xp. Fs AhnsS Xma-kn-np. bm{X]-dp Atlw t]mbn.
Rm Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn Xncn-s-nb tijw Ad_n ae-bm-f-n Hcp eLp-teJ Xm-dmn. Av ae-bm-f-t-m apkvenw P\X-bn D]-tbm-K-s-Sp `mj AXm-bn-cpp. \a-kvIm-cm-\-cw th Imcy--sf-p-dnv lZo-kp-I-fn-sebpw ap \nc-h[n I-imkv{X {K--fn-sebpw D-c-Wn-I AXn tNp. AXv {]kn-o-

123

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I-cn--tXmsS P\-{i ]nSn-p-shv a\-n-em-nb C.sI. apkvenbm Hcp adp-t\m-okv ]pd-n-dn. Hcp h-am-\-]-{X-ns cp]pdw IqSn-bm-ep-{X hen--ap-m-bn-cpp AXn\v. In I apgp-h hmtdm-e-Ifpw AXn Xncp-In--b-n-bn-cpp. "DZp-Ip-dp-ml
ZnIvd Iko-d' (Am-lp-hns\ A[n-I-ambn kvacn-p-ho) F
Jp-B hN-\-amWv Htc-sbmcp sXfnhv! Fn-n-s\ hymJym-\hpw; Am-lp-hn\v ZnIv sNm Ghpw \ k`w \a-kvImc
tij-amWv. Atm ZpB BImw. AXv Iqmbn \S-p--X-mWtm
\Xv. Cu \ne-m-bn-cpp C.sIbpsS hmZ-. {]hm-N-I-N-cy-bn \np bmsXmcp sXfnhpw AXn In--Xm\pw. Dul-fpw
\nK-a-\-fpw A`n-{]m-b-fpw am{Xw. AXp-sIm-mWv "hmtdm-eI' Fp Rm hnti-jn-n-Xv. apkven-bm- Ap-anpw HpXs. hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z--fpsS tIme-n\pw henb A-c-an.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

18
sImSn-b-q hmZ-{]-Zn-hmZw
apI-fn ]d cp kw`-h-fpw hyn-]-c-ambn Rm `mK-`mm-b-Xm-Wtm. kXyw sXfn-bn-m F\nv Ign-s-nepw Hcp
bp-ap-d-bpsS ASn-m-\-n hnP-bnp F-h-Im-i-s-Sm Ignbn. hmIvkm-ayhpw P\-]n-p-Wbpw kzm[o-\hpw Hcp-an-n-p-Xn Rm ]cm-P-b-sp Fp ]dbmw. Cu A\p-`-h--fmWv
hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n-s\m-cp-s-Sm ]noSv F\nv Xm]cyw CmsX
t]mbXv. Fm kt`m-Nn-X-ambn X{--fpsS sshZKv[yw
apIqn a\-n-emn AXns apf-\p-m\pw _pnbpw sI]pap kXy-ns tXcm-fn-I-fmb ]WvUn-X-m ke-^n-I-fn-ep-mbn-cpp. Fs Kpcp-Xp-ey-cmb B {]K--a-Xn-I-fn \npw Cu
hnj-b-n ]cn-io-e\w t\Sm F\nv Ign-n. Fs {]Ir-Xn]-c-amb Ipd-hp-I-fm-bn-cnmw AXn\v ImcWw.
A\n-hm-cy-amb L--fn bp-ap--Wn-bn-tev amp sNp B-h-tmsS, `b-te-i-at\y Xm-dmb H-\-h[n hmZ-{]-XnhmZ kw`-h- BZi-{]-Nm-cW hoYn-bn henb KpWw t\Sp-Xm-bn-on-pv. AXn FSp-p-]-d-bm-hp Hcp {][m\ kw`-h-

124

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

amWv sImSn-b-q hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw. 1942 Ime-am-sWv Hmpp.

Nne-tm teiw hyXymkw DmImw. BZyw ]d-Xv kzw
A\p-`-h-am-sW-n Cu ]d-bp-Xv tI-dnp D-a-t_m-[y-amb
A\p-`-h-nse kvac-W-I-fmWv.
kpn-I-fpsS `mKv ae-_m-dnse {]kn--\mb ]d-h sI.]n.F. sambvXoIpn apkvenbm-cp-sSbpw tIc-f-amsI Ip{]-kn--\m-bncp Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq Im\w ]Xn A_vZpJm-Zn apkvenbm-cpsSbpw
t\XrXzw. ]Xn apkven-bm-sc-p-dnv t\cs {]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p--tm.
{]Xn-Imc Zml-ap-m-p At-l-ns {]`m-jWw aqew ke-^nI ]te-Spw B{I-an--s-n-pv. AXn-\m At\Iw e-fn t]meokv At-l-ns {]kwKw A\p-h-Zn-m kml-N-cyhpw Dm-bn-cpp. ]Xn-bpsS ImSn-f-p i_vZ A-lm-ks, aq-bp {]tbm-K-fpw IWn-i-amb sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn t\cn-Sm [oc\mb Hcp GImwK ]m-f-ap-m-bn-cpp. Iqmbn A_vZp--lmPn F
alm {]Xn`! Pohm-]mbw in-tn h ]e B]L--fpw
At-l-n\v XcWw sNt-n-h-n-pv. Bcpw klm-b-n-\n-sv t_m[y-ap-m-bn-cp ]e {]tZ-i--fnepw D-`m-jnWn A]q
hkvXp-hm-bn-cp Am-ev A-W-`m-h-tmsS k[ocw IS-psNv i-amb {]Xym-{I-a-W- \S-m A-Sn-tbmfw Db-c-anm saen B sImp a\p-jy ImWn kml-kn-IX ke^o
BZi hoYn-bnse A\L ap{Z-bm-Ipp. Fs-tm-ep bphm Dn-Sn-e-tmsS, "Akqb'-tbmsS, e-tbmsS A_vZp--lmPnsb t\mn-\n-n-pv. Fp ]Xn-m-p-I Pohnp Xonpw Hcp
Znhkw A Hcp \nanjw t]mepw A_vZp lmPn-bm-Im Fstm-ep--hv Ign-n-n. AXmWv Rm "Akqb'-bpw ebpw
Fv ]d-Xv. At-l-s-p-dn-p hoc-kva-c-W-I Ab-hn-dp-tm Fs Dn-Snew Ctmgpw _mn \npp. XuloZns kwm-]-\-n-\p-thn alm-\-hI ]S-tbmw \S-nb
]mX-bpsS hc-v \nmt]mepw AlX Cp-hsc F\nv
e`n-n-n. B tXm Fs Ip-t_m[w hn-n-p-I-bmWv sNp-Xv. alm-\-hI-sf-p-dnv ]d-bm Hcp-]mSv Hm-I-fpv.
ilm-Zv Ien-a-bpsS Aw efn-X-ambpw lrZy-ambpw Rm a\n-em-n-bXv At-l-n \nm-bn-cpp. Cem-lns Aw
At\z-jnv Hcp-]mSv Rm bm{X sNbvXn-pv. ]e ]WvUn-X-m-

125

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tcbpw Ip. hfsc sNdnb hmn As km[m-cW P\-v Ffpw {Kln-m Ign-bp Hcw tXSn-bp B bm{X-bn
Rm sImn-bnepw Fn. sIm-mSn {]tZ-iv Hcp sse hon Xma-k-m-c-\m-bn-cp ke^o tbmmhv Hm sskZp-sb
Ip. Fs At\z-j-W-s-p-dnv At-l-tmSv ]dp. \n
Iqmbn A_vZpm lmPnsb Itmfq FmWv sskZp Fs
D]-tZ-in-Xv. Rm lmPn kmln-_n-s-b-Sp- HmSn-sbn. Fs
Imcyw ]dp. Hscm \nanjw sImv Dcw Inn. "t\-m-c'.tlm! Fsmcp ^-nmb A-am-bn-cpp AXv. Fs a\v XWp-Xv Atm-gmWv. Iq-n-semcp hmv!- sNdp--m-cmb Fs
apPm-lnZv kplr-p--tfm-SmWv. \nv Hm sskZp--sbtmse Hcp tbmm-hm-Im {]bm-k-amWv. Fnepw At-l-stm-ep--h-cpsS \ng-em-Im-s\-nepw {ian-Ww. sskZp-m-sb-tmep H-bm ]mfw \mnse ]e `mK--fnepw Av k[ocw amv sNbvXn-cpp. Xulo-Zns al--c-amb i_vZ-Im-l-f-hp-ambn.
Ah-sc-tm-ep alm-m-cmb XymKn-I-fpsS \ng ]n-bmWv Fstm-ep Zp_-e-m Du-kz-e-cm-bXv. Amlp B [oc apPmln-Zp-Iv _k-Jn-bmb A\p-{Klw sNmcn-bp-am-dm-Is!
hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-s-p-dn-mWv ]d-p-h-Xv. ]s, Ncn{Xw
]cp InS-p-I-bmWv. AXns Hma-Ifpw. Nne-tm Nne iI-e a\-n HmSn Fpw. Atm Xs AXv sImfp-n-n-Sn-ns-n Hm-bn \np amp-t]mIpw. {]Kv-\mb ]WvUnX
{]`m-j-I\pw XuloZv {]Nm-c-W-ho-Yn-bnse {][m\ tXcm-fn-bp-am-bncp ]d-q A_vZp-d-lvam auehn sImSn-b-q-cn \S-nb Hcp
{]kw-K-amWv hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v Ac-sm-cp-p-hm Imc-Wam-bXv.
]d-q-cns {]kw-K- apkvenbm-v apdn-hn apf-Ip-s]mSn
hnX-dn-bm-ep A\p-`-h-am-bn-cpp. Ah-cpsS kmaq-lnI kzm[o\w
]nSn-p-\nm Apw Cpw Ah Is-p amK-amWv hmZ{]-Xn-hm-Z-n-\p shp-hn-fnbpw Bt{Im-ihpw. \n_ kml-Ncy-n \psS ]WvUn-X-m Xm-dmIpw.
As\ sImSn-b-q-cnse Ppam-Av ]n-bn shv hmZ-{]-XnhmZw Ac-tdn. alm {]Xn-`bpw kq{X-[m-c\pw sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS `mcym ktlm-Z-c\pw auem\m Nen-e-In-s- {]nb-]p-{X\pw
F\n-p Kpcp-Xp-ey-\p-am-bn-cp Fw.kn.kn. A_p-Zp-d-lvam aue-hn-

126

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bm- b n- c pp kpn t\Xmhpw ]WvUn- X - \ p- a mb ]d- h

sambvXoIpn apkven-bmsc t\cn-Xv. Da aZo-\s ]n-bn
Xmdm-ho-ln\v 20 dIv-Av \S-n hcpn F kpo- hmZ-amWv
hnjbw. hy-am-b sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ap]n F{X XhW XeIpn hoWnpw ]Xn-m-p-Ip tijhpw Ah B hmZ-n
\np ]nam-dn-bn-n. Cu Imev Ah-cpsS Ghpw henb sXfnhv
ld-an Xdm-holv Ccp-]Xv dIv-Av \S-p-p-sh--XmWv. temIw
apgp-h AXv sSen-hn-j-\n-eqsS ImWm km[n-p-Ibpw sNpp.
CXp hmbn-p GsXm-cm-fpsS ap]nepw B Nn{Xw sXfnp
htmw. AsXmcp tNmZy-Nn--ambn Dbp \nmw. Atm
AtX-p-dnv cp hmv CS-bn ]d-tb-Xv Bh-iy-am-bn-cnpp.
Atd-_y-bnse `c-W-hK-amb kp-DuZn IpSpw_w ]qo-I-ambn
Xs apl-Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm-_ns A\p-bm-bn-I-fmWv.
Xulo-Zns Fm-e-tbpw henb i_vZ-am-bn-cpp ssiJv. ssiJv apl-Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm-_ns\ bmYm-n-XnI ]WvUn-XhKw anv {Iqc-ambn ]oU-n-n-p-Ibpw arX-{]m-b-am-p-Ibpw
sNbvX tijw ]q \-\mbn acp-`q-an-bn hen-s-dnp. Npp-]gp aW]-c-n \npw At-ls c-s-Spn kwc-Ww
\In, At-l-n \npw BZiw Dsmv AXns {]Nm-cW-n Fm klm-b-fpw sImSpv ]np-W-Xv Av Atd_y-bnse Hcp \mp-cm-Py-nse (Z-C) `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp
kpDuZn IpSpw-_-ns Xe-h-\m-bn-cpp. ssiJv apl-Zv_v\p
A_vZp hlm_v ]p\-cp-m-c-I-\m-bn-cp-s-nepw Ia-im-{X-cwKv l_eo aZvl-_mWv kzoI-cn-n-cp-Xv. aZvl-_ns kzm[o\w Fm-epw i-am-bn-cp-p-htm. Fm \_n-N-cy-bp-ambn
Xmc-X-tay\ IqSp-X s]mcp--s-Sp aZvl_pw l_eo aZvl_mWv. aZvl-_ns Cam-ap-I-fmbn hmgv-s--h-cn Ghpw A[nIw lZo-Yp-I a\x-]m-T-am-nb alm Camw Alva-Zp_v\p lBbn-cpp.
kpDuZo- IpSpw_w Xulo-Zns kwm-]-\-n am{X-a I-
hnj-b--fnepw ssiJv apl-Zv _v-\p- A_vZp hlm-_ns\ ]npSp. Cu IpSpw-_-amWv inn-sbpw _nZvp-I-fp-sSbpw tIma-c-fmb Xpo ico-^p-am-cpsS Icm-f-l-kvX-n \npw a-sbbpw

127

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ld-an-s\bpw tamNn-n-Xv. ]mf \o-n-eqsS kpDuZo- IpSpw_w

Atd-_y-bpsS A[n-Imcw ssIh-i-s-Spn. inns Fm BNmc-fpw Nn-fpw Awi-fpw ld-ans ]cn-k-cp \npw {ItaW Atd-_y-bn \npw Ii-\-ambn XpS-p-amn. XuloZv cmjv{Sns apJ-ap-{Z-bmbn {]Jym-]n--sp. ilm-Zv Iena Bte-J\w
sNbvX ]XmI cmjv{S-ns sImSn-a-c--fn kZm ]mdn--fnp.
aZvl-_ns hnIr-X-amb tNjvS-I ]eXpw Hgn-hm--sp. AXn
{][m-\-amWv akvPn-Zp ldm-an \nv \mep aZvl-_ns apk-I
\ow sN-s-Xpw Hcp Cam-ans Iogn Pam-Av nc-s-Spn-bXpw. ]s, Fp-sImtm Xdm-ho-lns aZvl_o ]mc-cyw
Ah \ne-\nn. ]s, ke^o ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS Bh-iy-{]Imcw cm{Xn cp aWnv tijw Xl-p-Zn\p thn-bp {]tXyI _mpw (8+3) ]Xn-s\mp dIv-Av \a-kvIm-chpw ld-an \nehn hp. AXn\v {]tXyI Cam-an-t\bpw \n-bn-n-pv. ke^oBZi \njvT ]men-p--h B \a-kvIm-c-n Fn ]p-tNcpw. lv Imev e--W-n\v Bfp-I Cu \a-kvImcw \nln-pp.
Xulo-Zns `{Z-X-bnepw AXns {]Nm-c-W-nepw kpDuZoIpSpw_w ImWn-p-h-cp ]mc--cy-amb Hup-Iyhpw {i-bp-amWv
tIc-f-nse ke^o- {]m-\-n\v Ah-cp-am-bp B-_w.
AXp-sImv Ahsc XIz-veoZv (A-ambn A\p-I-cn-) sNp
Hcp kwL-amWv tIc-f-nse apPm-ln-Zp-I Fv Bcpw [cn-p-t]mI-cpXv. apl-Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm_v AhIsf \ kzoIcn-p-Xpw Xulo-Zns amXrIm tbmKy-\mb tXcm-fnbpw XymKnbpw F \ne-mWv. apPm-ln-Zp-I apl-Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm_ns apJ-n-Zp-I-f. Hcn-epw Bbn-cp-n-n. {_nojv km{amPyhpw Xpn-Ifpw tNv ASn-t]n Bt-]-\m-a-amWv hlm_n-I FXv. ke-^n-I AXv Hcn-epw kzbw kzoI-cn--X.
\_n-N-cy-bn \npw e`n-p Ghpw ip-amb sXfn-hmWv Cu
I-n\v B[mcw.
As\ hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ kZv apI-fn ]d \ne-bn Actdn. sambvXoIpn apkvenbm Xs hmZ-n\v sXfn-hmbn aZvl_v InXm-_p-I-fn \npw ]e D-c-Wn-Ifpw lmP-cmn. BI-msS
AXn sXfn-p-h-Xv Das Jnem-^v Imev P\-

128

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ccp-]Xv dIv-Av \a-kvI-cn-n-cpp FmWv. AXv Da sNbvXpshtm sNm I]np \S-n hcp-n--sbtm m]n-m
DX-Ip Hcp tcJbpw lmP-cm-m At-l-n\v Ign-n. Hcp
`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS Imev P\- sNp--sXms Atlw
\S-n hcp-n-b-Xm-sWv ]d-bm ]mSn.
]n.hn. apl-Zv auehn (]pfn-) Bbn-cpp Cu hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Zns A\uk. Ad_n, Cwojv, DZp, ae-bmfw XpS-nb
`mj-I-fn kmln-Xy-\n-]p-W\pw Ad-_n--hn-bp-am-bn-cp ]n.-hn.
apl-Zv auehn Fs Hcm kplr-m-bn-cpp. Cwo-jnepw
DZp-h-nepw ]n.hn.-v Dm-bn-cp Ignhv Bkz-Zn-m F\nv Ignn-n. cp `mj-Ifpw F\nv hi-an-m--XmWv. Fm AXdn-bp--h ]n.hnbpsS Ignhv hW-n-p-Xv Rm tIn-pv. Dbcw
Ipd--bm-fmWv ]n.hn. AXp-sImv Hcp h-o-s-n-bpsS apI-fn
Ibdn \nmWv Atlw hnfn-p-]-d-n-cp-Xv. apkven-bm hnjb
kw_--ambn lmP-cm-p Hmtcm tcJ-I-sb-p-dnpw hmZ-fpw
Nbpw Ign--tijw ]n.hn. C{]-Imcw Dds hnfnp ]dbpw:Da- Xdm-holv Ccp-]Xv dIvAv \S-n hcp-n-sbv hmZn-psImv kpn-I-fpsS hmhv sI.]n.F sambvXoIpn apkvenbm
aptm-p-sh............... F D-c-Wn-sb-p-dnv ke^o- `mKv
\npw F. Aehn auehn \nc-nb C-bn A]-cym-]vX-X-I
apkvenbm AwKo-I-cn-p-Ibpw Atlw sImp-h tcJ ]nhen-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-pp. H hmN-I-n As G-hpw
\ `mj-bn-emWv A\ukvsa v \S-p-Xv.
kpn-I ]cm-P-b-sp.- am\-t-Sn-embn. Da Xdm-holv Ccp]-Xv dIv-Av \S-n hcp-n-bn-n-s ke-^n-I-fpsS hmZw kpXcmw sXfnp. tbmKw ]ncnp. Cu ]cm-P-b-hm {ItaW ae_m-dnse {]tZ-i--fn-tev ]cp. C-s-tmse \nan-j-
sImv temI-amsI hm-I Fp kwhn-[m\w An-tm.
Cu hnh-c- Aco-tmSv shmWv Rm Adn-bp-Xv. sI.Fw.
aue-hnbpw Rm\pw at-cn-bn \npw Im\-S-bmbn Aco-tmSv
Fn. Imk-izm-k-ns Akp-J-n Ign-bp F.hn. A_vZpemw au-e-hn-sb- Im-Wm-\p-- bm-{X-bm-bn-cp-p- A-Xv.- Iq-Sm-sX- sI.kn.- A-_q-_-- aue-hn-bpsS \mSmb D{K-]p-cv Hcp aZvdk Bcw`n-p--Xn-s\-p-dn-p Btem-N\m tbmK-hp-apv. Cu cv al-

129

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p--tfbpw AmWv Rm BZy-ambn ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-Xv. sI.-kn.

Av sXdn-p bph-Xz-n-emWv. Nntm-o-]-I-amb ^en-X--
s]mn- p- - X n Ap- X s At- l - ns AXn- k m- a yw
Rm A\p-`-hn--dnp. Xs \mp-Im-cpsS Adn-hn-m-bvasb Hcp
^en-Xa-b-amb DZm-l-c-W-n-eqsS sI.kn. Ah-X-cn-n--tm B
kZv icnpw Ncn-m-kz-Znp. tItmfq. Hcp Nmcp-I-tk-cv XpWnbn-Sm Hcmsf G]np. Abm hSn BZyw XpWn-bpsS Xpf-bn
Ibn. tijw Nmcp-I-tk-c-bpsS hnS-hn AXv Dd-n-m Xncnpw
adnpw {ian-p Zb-\o-b-amb cwKw sI.kn. Ah-X-cn-n--tm
B cwKw \nv Duln-m-atm. Fnv ]d-bp-I-bmWv. Fs
\mnse Bfp-I-fpsS Ah CXmWv! Cu Inn tbmKw \S-psIm-n-cn-p-tm sImSn-b-q hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw Ignp Bdpssa Zqcw \Sv F. Aehn auehn (FS-h) AhnsS hp.
At-l-n \nmWv R hnh-c- Adn-Xv.
]n.hn. apl-Zv auehn AIm-e-n Rsf hnp-]n-cnp.
BZyw Zpbm-hn Xs. ]noSv Zpbm-hn \npw.- Cym hn`-P\ Imev Atlw ]mn-m-\n-tev t]mbn. {]nb-s--h-scbpw
{]nb-s {]m-\-tbpw hnv As\ t]mIm At-ls
t{]cn-n tNtXm-hn-Imcw Fsv R-dn-bn-m-bn-cpp. ]m-n-m-\n-te-p bm{Xm-at[y Atlw Xoh-n-bnen--cpv Xs
th]m-Sns ZpxJw Nm-en-sg-p-Xn-b- Hcp Ad_n IhnX Rv
Ab-p-Xp. AXv hmbnv Rm\pw sI.sI.Fw. Pam-ep-o aue-hnbpw ]n.hn.bpsS Ffm Dss_-Zp aue-hnbpw s]mn--cp. A{Xbpw lrZ-b-t`-Z-I-am-bn-cpp B IhnX!- (B- I-hn-X- h-f-sc- z-]-kn-am-bn-o-cp-I-bpw- ]n-m-e-v- kv-Iq- ]m-T-]p-kv-X-I-n- A-Xps-Sp-p-I-bpw- sN-bv-XXm-bdn-p.)1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

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]q\q hmZ{]Xn-hmZw
sImSn-b-q hmZ-{]n-Xn-hm-Z-n\v apmWv Cu kw`hw. bmsXmcp apssIbpw FSp-msX Xs Fm Imepw ke-^n-I hmZ{]-Xn-hm-Z-cw-K-tv hen-n-g--s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. \nc--c-amb

130

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shp-hn-fn-Ifpw Bt-]-fpw tIn-sv \Sn-p-tm P\-v \psS ta Hcp aXn-n-m-bvav Imc-W-amIpw. sXfn-hp-I-fpsS
]n_-e-an-m--Xp-sIm-mWv shp-hnfn kzoI-cn-m aSn-p-sXv adp-`mKw {]N-cn-n-p-Ibpw sNpw. Atm \psS hmZ-KXn-I P\-aty sXfn-bn-m \n_-n-X-amIpw. hmIvkm-ayw
CXns apJy LS-I-amWv. FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS IpX-{- apt-Iv
AXn-s\-Xn-cn Akv{X- ]mbn-m-\p ssh`-hhpw Ah-iy-as{X! Cu \ne-bn Ac-sm-cp-n-b-XmWv ]q-\q- hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Zhpw.
kpn-I-fpsS ]WvUn-X-hyqlw Xs FXnh-iv AWn-tNn-pv. Im\w ]Xn A_vZpJm-Zn apkvenbmcpw ]d-h sambvXoIpn apkvenbmcpw Ahp t\XrXzw \Ip--h-cmWv. Ccp-hsc-p-dnpw t\cs ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-bn-p-tm. apPm-lnZv ]v \npw Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam aue-hn-bpsS Ipim{K t\XrXz-n {]K--\mb FS-h F. Aehn aue-hnbpw. cp-]-pw {][m-\n-I-fmb Htsd ]WvUn-X-m thsdbpw Dm-bn-cpp.
cp amfn-I-bpsS apIX-n-embn Ch thsd kwL-Snp. ASp-Sp sIn-S-. Xmsg \m\m {]tZ-i--fn \npw AXym-th-itmsS hs-nb kpn-I-fpsS ]pcp-jmcw! apPm-ln-Zp-I Aph-fsc Zpe-`-am-Wtm. Fnepw Fm-hp--h-scms Fn-bnpv.
cm{Xn 9 aWn-mWv cwKw XpS-n-bXv. ssav Hm sNbvXp-sImv bmsXmcp ap-dn-bnpw BapJ {]kw-K-hp-sam-p-an-msX Aehn auehn s]sv tNmZyw FSp-np. ""aplvbn-o ssitJ cntW, _Zvco-tf ImtW Fn-Xp-t]mse acn-p-t]mb almm-sf hnfnp tXSp-I-sb CkvXn-Kmk A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW-Xn\v Jp-B-\n h tcJ-bp-aptm?''- DSs\ adp-`m-Kv apkvenbm-fpsS i_vZw Dbp. ]s, tNmZy-n-\p adp-]-Sn-b. tNmZyw
D-bn--Xns\ tNmZyw sNp-I-bmWv! Bcv ]dp \n-tfmSv tNmZyw tNmZn-m? \n-Xn\v F-[n-Imcw? BZyw apPm-lnZv `mKv \npw tNmZyw FSp-s-dn--Xn-ep tcmj-{]-I-S\w, XS--hmZ--fpsS tLmc-i_vZw. ]Xn-bmWv ]X-p-s]m-n-bXv. ]Xn-bpsS
i_vZw AS-n-b-tXmsS Aehn auehn Xs tNmZyw Bhn-pI am{X-amWv sNbvXXv. ]Xn-bpsS \ymb-hm-Z-tfm XS--tcm-j-tfm tIn-sv \Sn-p-sIm-p Aehn aue-hn-bpsS tNmZym-

131

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h\w Ah-cpsS CujyX Cc-n-np. Aehn aue-hn-bpsS {]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb i_vZw CXn\p amv hn-n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. ho-pw
]Xn-bpsS A-lmkw Xs. tNmZyw tNmZn--Xns\ tNmZyw sNp Hcp tLmc {]kwKw!- AXn-s\mpw Hcp {]Xn-I-c-Whpw {]I-Sn-nmsX Aehn auehn Xs tNmZyw Bhn-p-sIm-n-cpp.
Fw.kn.kn.bpsS hnZ-Kv[-amb X{--fn Hm-bn-cpp AXv. adp-`mKv tZjyw Cc-n-p-I-bmWv. hopw ]g-b-]Sn tNmZyw Xs. FXn`m-Kp \npw Akw-_---fpsS in Gdn-tbdn hcpp. apPmln-Zp-In tNmZyw Bhn-p-I-b-msX Hc-cw t]mepw thsd
Dcn-bm-Sp-n. apkvenbm- Ipgn. t_Pm-dmbn!- Aehn aue-hnbpsS A-c-kv^p-S-Xbpw Bh-\-_m-lp-eyhpw aqew tNmZy-nse Igv t{imXm--fpsS a\-n thcp-d-p-I-bmWv!- A-Xn-se- Bi-bw- Bgv-n-d-p-I-bm-Wv.- adp-]Sn adp-`m-Kv \npw hcp-p-an. Fs-smw {]tIm-]-\-]-c-amb hmp-I {]tbm-Kn-npw lmen-fIn
B--l-kn-npw im-ambn tNmZyw Bhn-psIm-n-cn-p
apPm-lnZp ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS \ymb-bp-hpw X{-]-chp-amb \on\p apn kpo- apkven-bm- ]c-h-i-cm-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp.
kabw \on. A-cm-{Xnbpw ]nnp. tNmZyw \nc-cw Dbp tIp-I-bmWv. P\w BImw-m-`-cn-X-cmbn Xmsg XSn-p-IqSn
\npp. kabw ]nsbpw \on. ]pe cc aWn-bn-sen.
P\- A-a-cm-bn-cn-pp. ]s, alm `qcn-]w kpn-I-fmb-Xn-\m X-fpsS tNmZyw sN-s-Sm t\Xm- apPm-ln-Zp-IfpsS tNmZy-ns Ipcp-n hoW Zb-\o-b-X-bn ]cn-X-]n-p-sImv \ni-_vZ-cmbn Xe-Xm-gvp-I-bmWv. cc aWn-bm-bnpw tNmZyn\v bmsXmcp adp-]-Snbpw \ImsX A\m-hiyw am{Xw ]d-bp-Xn-ep A\u-Nn-Xyhpw ]cm-P-b-t_m-[hpw Ahsc Hsm-p-a ]cn{`m--cm-n-bXv.
apkvenbm- IqSn-bm-tem-Nnp. c-s-S-W-sa-n Cu Akw_---fpsS A-lmkw \nn-shv Fs-nepw adp-]Sn ]dt ]q. As\ c-cv tijw Hcp adp-]Sn hp. ""hntcm-[n-Xmbn Jp-B-\n sXfn-hn-m--Xn-\m A\p-h-Zn--Xmbn a\-n-emWw.'' Hpw sshImsX Aehn aue-hn-bn \npw AXn\v {]Xn-Ic-W-ap-mbn. hntcm-[n--Xmbn [mcmfw sXfn-hp-I Jp-B-\n
Dv. DZm-l-c-W-n\v Ap Bb-p-I tInmw Fv ]d-

132

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-sImv Hcm-bv HmXn AXv hni-Zo-I-cn-m XpSn. apkvenbm-, hoWn-Xtm InS-pp [c-Wn-bn, F Ah--bn-embn.
C\n ]cn-]mSn Ie-n-n-cn-b-e-msX cm-amK-an-sv Ahv
t_m[y-ambn. GXp-Im-epw Ah-cpsS cm-amKw Cu Ie-
Xs-bmWv. ChnsS {]kwKw A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bn Fm-t{Im-in-psImv ]Xn apkvenbm _l-f-ap-mn. AtX-s-Sp-m A\p-bmbn-Isf t{]cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
CtX X{-am-Wtm Im-]pcw apkvenbm sIm-p-dv Bhn-Xpw. sNdn-b-apw A_vZp laoZv aue-hn-bpsS tNmZy-n\p
apn Im-]pcw hnc--tm A]-ISw! A]-ISw!! Fv Bt{Imin-p-sImv P\-n\p t\sc hnc-ep-I-fp-bn Ahsc Cf-n-hnp.
]cn-]mSn Ien. sIm-p-dv apPm-ln-Zp-I tXmtmSn Fv \mSp\osf {]N-cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]q\q-cn ]Xnbpw ]mnbpw cs-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. A\n-b-{n-X-amb _l-f-n ]cn-]mSn Ien.
]s, apPm-ln-Zp-I tXmtmSn Fv Im-]pcw ]mn hon-f-nb-Xp-t]mse \pW {]Nm-cWw sI-gn-m Fp-sImtm Ahv
Ign-n. a\x-km-n-pv sImm-bn-cnmw. B Hcp km[\w
]gb apkven-bm-v tei-sa-nepw {]I-S-am-bn-cpp. Cs
iwk-p Deam ss^kn-I-tf-mfpw Im-]pcw kJm-^n-I-tf-mfpw
sa-am-bn-cpp Ah Fv Nne-tm tXmm-dpv.
kp_-vlns _mn-\p ka-b-a-Spp. ]cm-P-b-n \np-mb e-bpsS Ak-ly-`m-c-m Xe-Ip-\n-p-sImv h hn-Ifnepw Im-\-S-bmbpw kpn-I-fpsS h Iqw kwL--fmbn ]ncnp-t]mbn. apkvenbm- amfnI apI-fn \npw apdn-I-fn-tev
Dh-en-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Iq icw-t]mse Ac aWn-q \op-\n tNmZyw apkven-bm--fpsS s\-Ihpw DZ-c-fpw XIp-sImm-W-v ]cy-h-km-\n-Xv. kXym-t\z-jn-Ipw \njv]--aXn-Ipw t_m[w sXfn-bm klm-b-I-ambn `hn Cu hmZ-{]-XnhmZw apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns hfv Hsm-p-a XpW-Xv.
ASp Znhkw Rm Hcp t\mokv {]kn-o-I-cnp. {]Xn-I-cWw ]n-tv shm Fs a\v Iqm-p-I-bn. t\mo-kns D-Sw CXm-bn-cpp. apkven-bm- Iqm-bn-Xs henb
hv \Snv {]kn-o-I-cn-n-p dp hlm-_n F {K-n
Cu tNmZy-n-\p adp-]Sn Dtm. ""h_vX-Kq- C-sse-ln hko-

133

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

eX'' Fp XpS-p Jp-B Bb-p-I-fn hko-ev F-Xn\v CS-bm-f Fv Aw \Ip-Ibpw acn-p-t]mb alm-m-sf
hnfnp tXSp--Xn\v Cu Bbv apnb sXfn-hmbn Dbn-m-pIbpw sNbvXn-p-tm. Fp-sImv Cu Bb-p-I hmZ-{]-XnhmZ tPn D-bn-n? Ccw ]WvUn-X-th-Zn-I-fn Dbnmp-hm sImp--h-b Cu Ir{Xna sXfn-hp-I Fv apkven-bm-v t_m[y-ap--Xp-sImv Xs. t\mokv hnX-cWw \Sn. adp]-Sn-bn. \ni_vZw. apkvenbm--fpsS Imcyw t]mv Xs.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

20
tImgn-tmSv ]m-f-n
{_no-jvIm-cmWv Cu ]n \nn-Xv. tImgn-tmSv Iym-Sn-ncp ]m_n apkvenw-I-fmb ]m-f-mv thn-bm-bn-cpp Cu
]n. Ah l\^o aZvl-_vIm-cm-bn-cpp. Ime-{I-taW ]n Hcp
l\^o IpSpw-_-ns ssIImcyIXr-Xz-n-embn. ]nv ew aXn-bm-ImsX h-tm tImgn-tms Hcp hyh-kmb {]ap-J-\mb sImb--s-mSn apl--ZvIpn lmPn (hmg-mSv) ]n hn]p-eo-Icnp.
1940IfpsS Bcw`w. ]m-f--n-bnse JXz-o_v Hcp sambvXo
apkven-bm Bbn-cpp. Uln-bn \npw tImgn-tmSv hv Xmak-am-nb Hcp ]mWn IpSpw-_-nse ]np-S-m-c-\m-bn-cpp
Atlw. ]mc--cy-{]-Imcw Atlw Xs ]n-bpsS apX-h-n-bpambn. ]mf-n-bpsS Ah-km-\s apX-h-n-bmWv sambvXo
apkvenbm. XuloZv a\-n-em-nb \ -ap-h-lvlnZpw kkz-`m-hnbp-am-bn-cpp Atlw. sI.Fw. auehn, Fw.kn.kn, ]n.sI. aqk
auehn XpS-nb alm]WvUn-X-m-cn \npw JpXz-v_-I Atlw Fgp-Xn-hmpw. AXv ]Tnv an-dn {]kw-Knpw. m\-tam-ln \npw ap-amb \ a\-ns DS-a-bm-bn-cpp sambvXo
apkvenbm. Xn \ne-\n-n-cp apX-h-n-bpsS ]mc--cym-h-Imiw
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134

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bXv. Ipd-p-Imew At-lw -Xs JXz-o-_mbn XpSp.

Xan-gv\m-n \npw hv tImgn-tmSv Hcp I\n \S-n-bn-cp
Hcp Alvse lZo-kvIm-c-\m-bn-cpp BZys {]kn-Uv. t]cv
Rm Ctm Hmp-n. sk{I-dn sh-bn ]n.Fkv. ap-kmln-_m-bn-cpp Ftm-bpv. tijw IpS-m-c F-dn-b-s-Sp _mhm lmPn sk{I--dn-bm-bn-cpp.
]pXnb In-nv Hcm-{Klw.- Fgp-Xn-hm-bn-p k{-Zm-b-n
\npw JpXz-v_v Hcp amw thWw. kZ-ky-cpsS apJv t\mn
kzX-{-ambn {]kw-Kn-Ww. AXns KpWw hfsc hep-Xm-sWv
ZoL-Zr-p-I-fmb In-n-mv t_m[y-ambn. ncw JXz-o_v
sambvXo apkvenbm-cp-ambn Ah kwkm-cn--tm B \ a\pjy ktm-j-tmsS AXv AwKo-I-cnp. ]s, At-l-n\v
AXv Ign-bn. \n Xc-s Hcmsf sImp-h-tmfq. Rm Hgnbmw. KpW-h-\-I-fpsS ]c--c-Iv Imc-W-amb sambvXo
apkvenbm-cpsS Bm-amb Cu kXw Am-lp-hns kn[m-\-n hfsc hne-a-Xn-p--Xm-Im Xo-bmbpw hI-bpv.
Ccw \-bp a\-p-I \apv \jvS-s-p-sIm-n-cn-p-IbmWv. CXns tZm-jw [mcm-f-ambn Ip-h-cn-Ibpw sNpp.
Av ae-_m-dn hnc-en HXp-m am{Xw e--fnte Ccw JpXzv-_-I \ne-hn-epq. apv Fm ]n-I-fnepw Fgp-Xn-hm-bnp-Itbm ]d-bp-Itbm sNp k{-Zmbw \ne-\n-n-cpp. 1930
kakvX tIcf PwC--p Dea ]mm-nb Hcp {]ta-b-n-eqsS
Ad_n Am `mj-bn-ep JpXz-v_ \n sNbvXp. \ XSb-em-Wtm Fm-epw apkven-bm- kzoI-cn-p-t]m \bw.
cp tZmj-fpw Ipd-hp-I-fp-amWv Ahsc CXn\v t{]cn-n-Xv. Hv
P\- aX-]-c-ambn hXpw a\-n-em-n-tb-p-sa `bw. X-fpsS ]utcm-ln-Xy-ns B[n-]Xyw \jvS-s-Sm AXv Imc-WamIpw. C\n henb apkvenbm- t\mn AwKo-I-cn-p-sIm-Sp-msav shm Xs ae-bmfw hmbn-m Adn-bm--h-cmWv `qcn-]w JXz-o-_p-amcpw. As\ B k{-Zmbw ]q--am-bn- Cm-Xmbn.
ke-^n-I hopw CXv ]p\x-m-]n-m-\p {ia-n-em-bn-cpp. Xv kzm[o-\-ap ]n-I-fn CXv \S-n-em-m XpSn. Xncq-c-mSn, ]pfn-, FS-h, HXmbn XpS-nb Npcpw
e--fn ae-bm-f-n JpXz-v_ \S-p-p-m-bn-cpp. ]m-f-

135

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n In-n-m At\z-jWw XpSn. Atm Ahv Hcp hnhcw

Inn. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS in-W-n ]Tnv JpXz-v_ ioenv
\S-n-tm-cp Hcp sNdp--m-c-\pv. hn\o-X-\mb Fs-p-dn-mWv Ah tI-dn-Xv. Ah sI.Fw. aue-hnsb kao-]np. As\ Cubp--h JXz-o-_mbn \ntbm-Kn--sp. 1944 Hcp iAv_m amk-n-emWv Rm NmsP-Sp-Xv.
Fs BZi hoYn-bnse hfsc {][m-\-s Hcp kw`-h-am-WnXv.
ae-_m-dnse kp{]-[m\ hym]mc tI{-am-bn-cpp tImgn-tmSv. Cpw
As\ Xs. \nc-h[n {]ap-J-m-cpsS hmk-tI{w. ]mc-cy Xdhm-p-Imcpw kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cmjv{Sob thZn-I-fn {][m\n-I-fmbn \mn Adn-b-s-Sp--h-cpsS Hcp Iqw-Xs Ap-anpw
tImgn-tm-Spv. alm-m-cmb apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln-_nsbpw C. sambvXp aue-hn-bp-sSbpw {]h-\-tI{w F H
Imc-W-m tImgn-tmSv tIc-f-ns {im-tI-{-ambn \npp. hym]mc ]-W-sa \ne-bn \ntXy\ Ab {]tZ-i-fn \npw [mcmfw Bfp-I hpw t]mbpw kPo-hm-h--bn
\np Hcp \mSv ae-_m-dn thsd-bn. A-s\-bp Hcp \K-cn {]ap- J - c mb hyn- I - f psS tat\m- - n Hcp {][m\
t]mbnn \ne-sIm-p ]n-bn ae-bm-f-n JpXz-v_ \Sp-hm \ntbm-Kn--s F\nv kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Dm-Im CSbp apgp-h KpW-fpw e`np. Am-lp-hns {]tXy-I-amb Hc\p-{K-lhpw HuZm-cy-hp-am-bn-cpp Cu \ntbmKw. Rm Duln-n-n.
Dt-in-n-n. B{K-ln-m Hcl-X-bp-an--Xm\pw. Fnpw Fs
cn-Xmhv F\nv XnI HuZm-cy-ambn Cu Ah-kcw \In.
Am-lp-hn\v kvXpXn!
Rm \ sXdn-p {]mbw. hnhmlw Ignp cp hjw
am{Xw. Hcp Ipn-bpv. ae-bmf JpXz-v_ Bcw-`n--tXmsS hm
Ab{]-tZ-i--fn-tev ]cp. Ckvemlo _p-v Bthiw. hym]m-cmw tImgn-tmSv hcp--h bm{X shn-bm-gvN-tv amn. Hcp shSnv cp ]n Fv ]d-bpw-t]mse. hym]mc
Imcy-smw Ppap-A-bn ]s-Spv JpXz-v_bpw tImw.
As\ ]m-f-n-bpsS {]ikvXn ]cp. Hw hn\o-X-\mb Fs
t]cpw. F\nv e`n A]q-amb `mKyw!
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136

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cpp. AXv ]d-bm hnp-t]mbn. Hcp Znhkw sI.Fw. auehn tImgntmSv t]mbn aS-n-h--tm At-l-tm-sSmw ]m-f-n
sk{I-dn sh-bn ]n.Fkv ap-lm-Pn-bp-ap-m-bn-cpp. da-fm\v
apv cv shn-bm-gvN-bpv. JpXz-v_ \Sn F\nv aSmw. dafm-\n apgp-h-\mbn AhnsS Xs \nWw. C{X-am-{Xta BZyw
]d-pq. Fs-p-dnv Hc-`n-{]mb cq]o-I-c-W-n-\p X{-ambn AXv tXmn. F\npw AXv \mbn tXmn. F\nv Ah-tcbpw Hv ]Tn-m AsXm-c-h-k-c-am-Wtm.
da-fm h-tXmsS ]n-bn Bfp-I hnp. Xdm-ho-ln\pw
kp_v-lnpw [mcmfw Bfp-I. JpXz-v_bpw ap ]T\ mk-p-I-fp-ambn ]n Gsd kPo-h-ambn. Rm Av Xmakw Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn-emWv. t]mbn hcn-I-bmWv. Hcp sImp hoSv thW-sav tamlw Dnsem-Xpn Ign-bpp. Ftm Fs\ \Spw Fsmpw Adnp-IqSm. A-s\-bn-cns In-n-m da-fm-\n F\nv 250 cq]
]mcn-tXm-jn-I-am-bn- Xp. Av AsXmcp henb kwJy-bmWv. {Kma{]-tZ-iv Hcp sImp hoSpw ]n-cp-]Xv sk v- ehpw hmm
B kwJy-sImv Ignbpw. Fs a\-nse tamlw samnp. Hcp
Iqp-Im-c-\mb em-km-ln-_n-t\mSv B tamlw Xpd-p-Imn. Atm Atlw Fsbpw- -Iqn XncqmSv hp. Ctm Rm Xmakn-p ew ImWnp. AXn Hcp sImp a]p-c-bp-apv. Atmv BIjn--s-Sm Hcp Imc-W-hp-ap-m-bn-cpp. Fs `mcybpsS Am-h-m Ahn-sS-bmWv Xmakw. Hcp Am-h-\mb Ippap-l-Zv Imbpw kpo- {]ap-J-\mb ImtScn apl-Zv apkven-bmcpw tNv AhnsS Hcp aZvdk m]n-n-cpp. ImtScn apkvenbm
BZy-Im-ev PwC--p Deam hnwMv Inn AwK-am-bncpp. ]noSv Hcp hn`mKw apkvenbm- AXn \npw ]ncnp
"kakvX' Dm-n-b-tm Ct-lhpw B Iq-n-embn. ka-kvXbnse {]ap-J-\p-ambn.
Xncqms ew CjvS-ambn. tdmU-cn-In Xs. GXv ]mXncmbvpw Imf-h-n-bn-em-sW-nepw hsmw. ]s, 250 cq]tb
In-epq. B ]pc-bnSw Htc- \mev]n Av sk v- Ds{X.
Hcp \mb IpSpw-_-n-t-XmWv. sk v Hn\v ]v cq] \nc-n
1450 cq] sImSp-Ww. em kmln_v Fs t{]mm-ln-n-pp.
Rm ssIa-en. Atlw tImgn-tmSv Fs Hcp klm-bn-bm-bn-

137

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cpp. Rm Adn-bmsX Atlw ]e-tcbpw Ip ]Ww kzcq-]np

F\nv Xp. As\ B ew hmn. F\nv thn B \
lrZ-b-ns DSa sNbvX tkh-\-n\v \n-b-msX thsd Hpw
sNm F\nv Ign-n. Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h Xom Xocm IS-m-Sm-WXv. F\nv am{X-a. Fs afpw AtXmWw.
B \ a\p-jy\v thn Rm Fpw {]mn-m-d-pv. Fs Ipn-Ifpw IpSpw-_m-Zn-Ifpw AXv sNs. B lrZb kplrv Cv
Pohn-n-cn-n. Amlp At-l-ns ]c-temIw \m-n-s-m-Sps.
B ]pc-bn-S-ns DS-a-bpsS ASp _p ]d-ns AXn-nbn Xma-k-apv. At-l-n\v Cu I-hSw Xosc CjvS-am-bn-cpn. ]pc-bn-S-n\v ]Sn-mdp `mKhpw In-g-v- `m-K-hpw- Xpd-p-In-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Ing-p-`m-Kv Hcp \S-hgn sXtm-p ]mS-ti-Jc-n-tev Dm-bn-cpp. ]Sn-mdp `mKv DS-a-bpsS _phpw.
then-sI-m Hcp-n-b-tm Abm X-ap-mn. Rm Xn\v Hcp--a-m-bn-cpp. Atlw Nqn-m-Wn ev thensI-m ]dp. As\ B {]iv\w Xop. R Ap-ap-X
\ Abhm-kn-I-fp-amWv. CunsS Fs a Ftm Bh-iyn\v ew Af-np. GXmv Ccp-]-Xn ]cw sk v AXn \npw Ingpw ]Sn-m-dp-ambn \jvS-s-n-cn-pp. Ctm AhnsS
sksm-n\v ap-Xn-\m-bncw cq] hsc hne-a-Xn-p-pv. {]am-W-{]Im-c-ap ew Afv ssIh-i-s-Sp-m a IqSn-bm-tem-Nnp. Nne \mp-{]-am-Wn-am-tcbpw ]m-bv ssIIm-cy-Im--tfbpw ew ssIh-i-s-Spn A\p-`-hn-p--h-tcbpw tNv Ah-
Hcp tbmKw hnfnp. a AXn\v {]m]vX-cm-sWv F\n--dnbmw.
]s, B tbmK-n \npw Rm hnp-\np. AXn-\p-thn
\nb-a-]-ctam Am-tXm Bb Hcp \S-]-Snpw F\nv Xm]-cyan-m-bn-cpp. t]mbXv t]mbn. ssIh-i-ap-Xv t]mImsX kqnpI. A\p-`-hn-pI. AXmWv Fs \bw. AXn-\m XpS \S-]-SnI-sfm-p-ap-m-bn. \jvS-s--Xnv- ]Icw \Im Ign-hp--h-\mWv Amlp.
]m-f--n-bp-am-bp _-s-p-dn-mWv ]d-p-h-Xv. dafm\v tijw Rm AhnsS JXzo-_mbn XpSp. In-n-mv
Fsbpw F\nv Ah-tcbpw ]nSn-p-sh-w. Cu ]n-bp-am-bp-

138

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

_w F\nv Hcp-]mSv kplr-p-sf t\Sn-p. tImgntmSv am{X-a, ae-_m-dn ]te-S--fn-tepw Cu kplr-Zv_- ]Sp. ]mf-n-bnse JXz-o_v F \ne-bn Rm Adnb-sp. Amlp Hmtcmtcm HuZm-cy- \Ip-I-bmWv!- Rm
dns\ kvXpXnp.
Nne kw`-h- Rm Hmp-I-bmWv.Hcp Znhkw Ppap-Av
]n-bn h-tm ""]n-bn Bcpw InS-p-d--cpXv'' F Hcp
t_mUv Ip. CsX-smcp ]pXpa ! CXv kp-n-s\-Xn-cm-Wtm.
\_n A\p-h-Zn Hcp Imcyw ]n-I-nn \ntcm-[n-p-Itbm? kv{XoI ]n-bn Dd-p-Xv kw_-n Hc-ymbw Xs _pJmcn-bn Dv. C{Xbpw sXfnp InS-p Hcp Imcys hntcm-[np Cu ]-ckyw Inv \ni-_vZ-\m-Ip--sX-s\? Rm A\ymb-amb B \S-]-Snsb hnainp. JpXp-_-bn kwkm-cnp. PpapA
Ign--tm Bfp-I tNcn-Xn-cnp CtX-p-dnv Xn-m
XpSn. Atm ]mfbw aplvbn-o ]n In-n-bpsS {]kn-Umb D-sam-bvXo tImb lmPn Fs-b-Spv hp tNmZnp.
""aueho \n ]d--t]m-se-bmtWm Imcyw, Dd-t'' AsX,
Ddv Xs. Rm adp-]Sn \In. DSs\ Xs IqsS-bp--h-tcmSv
Atlw ]dp. ""B t_mUv ambn-p-I-f-bSm.-'' AX-s\ t]m-bn.
Atlw [oc\pw Xt-Sn-bp-am-bn-cpp. CsX-n\v FSp-p-]-d-pshv tXmmw. Am-ev kaq-l-n \ne-\n-n-cp A-hnizm-k-, A\m-Nm-c-, sXmb s]cp-am-- Fmw ]n-I-fneq-sS-bmWv P\--fn ASn-t]n--s-Sp-Xv. Xncp-hm-bvsXnhm-bn F \ne-bn apkvenbm- ]d-bp--sXms P\w
hngppw. sNp--sXms AwKo-I-cnpw. \mnse {]am-Wn-amv
tXmp--sXms \nb-a-fpw \n_--\-I-fp-ambn ]n-bn \Smpw. AXn-s\ms apkvenbm- AwKo-Imcw \Ipw. Nne
\mp-{]-am-Wn-I-fpsS Ima-Zmlw Xom AXn-t--I-c-amb NS-p\n F Hcp-Xcw Iqn-sm-Spv hsc \nIm-lns t]cn
apkven-bm- \S-n-tm-n-pv. Ckvem-ans\ Bt-]n-m
taml-ap Iem-Im-c-mcpw Fgp-p-Imcpw Ccw \oN-hr-n-Isf
tPnepw kv{Io\nepw Ah-X-cn-nv Ah-cpsS tamlw Xon-pv.
AIs ]nbpw ]pds ]n-bp-ambn thXn-cnv amn-b-Xns ]nnepw Hcp lo\-amb Zpcm-Nm-c-ns IY-bpv. AIs

139

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]n \mnse {]am-Wn-am, Xd-hm-p-Im, km-nI kuI-cy-ap

ap th-s--hv Fn-s\ dnkv sN-s-S-pw. ap kz^-v-^n Ccn-t--h Bscm-s-bm-sWv \n-bn--sSpw. Ah F{X
sshIn hmepw B kon Bcpw Ib-dn-bn-cn-m ss[cyw ImpI-bn. ]pds ]n Iqen-th-e-m, Ij-I-sXm-gn-em-fn-I, Hm-m, ]q-i-vem-m (IS-en t]mIp--h) XpSn Azm-\n-p hn`m-K-mmWv. Ah kaq-l-nse XmtgXp-Im-cmWv.
CXymZn kmaq-lnI A\m-Nm-c- Hmtcm {]tZ-i--fn hnhn[ cq]-fn ]mc--cy-ambn \ne-\n-p-t]mp. X-mcpw Xd-hm-p-Imcpw
]mh-s km[m-cW apkvenw-Isf sRcn--ap-I-bm-bn-cpp. Ckz-vemln {]m-\-ns BZim-[n-jvTn-X-amb ]S-tbmw Ccw
kmaq-lnI Xn-I-tfbpw Hsms ASn--an.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

21
aue-hnbpw kmln_pw
]m-f--n-bnse JXz-o-_mbn XpS-cp Imew Fs BZi
hoY-bn A\p-`-h--fpsS \nXy-h-k--am-bn-cpp. ck-I-c-amb Hcp
Imcyw Hm-bn Ctm HmSn-sbn. Ata-cn--bp-sSbpw ap
]mmXy in-I-fp-sSbpw ]np-W-tbmsS ^e-kvXo-\n PqX-cmjv{Sw m]n-m-\p {iaw Xo{h-ambn \S-p-I-bmWv. apkven-w-Isf
AhnsS \npw Iq-tmsS Bn-m-bn-pp. apkvenw \mSp-I
shdpw t\mp-Ip-n-I-fmbn s\Sp-hon-Spp. Rm Hcp shn-bmgvN JpXzv-_-bn Cu hnj-b-s-p-dnv hnImc`-cn-X-\mbn kwkmcnp. apkven-wI--tfmSv tNv bp-n\v t]mIm Xm-dm-tI-Xv
Pnlm-Zns Hcp `mK-ambn ImtW--Xp-sv Rm ]dp. km-dns A\p-aXn AXn-\mbn tXSp-Ibpw Pnlm-Zn ]s-Sp-m
Xm-dp--h-cpsS t]cp hnh-c- tiJ-cn--W-sapw Rm {]kwKnp. e-Im-e-t_m[w Fs Ae-n-bn-. As a\-ns
X A{X hep-Xm-bn-cpp. PpapA Ignp Rm ]pdv \Sp-I-bmWv. hgn-bn shv C. sambvXp aue-hnsb Ip. Fs
Kpcp-\m-Y sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS kl-]m-Tnbpw auem\m Nmen-e-Ins {]apJ injy-\p-am-bn-cpp auehn kmln_v. Atlw ]m-f-

140

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

-n-bn-emWv ]s-Sp-m-dp-Xv. Fs I-tm Hcp ]cn-lm-k`m-h-n tNmZnp. Ftm-gmWv \n Pnlm-Zn\v t]mIm-\p--hcpsS env Xm-dm-p-Xv? Fs adp-]Sn: Rm Xm-dm-p-sa-
]d-Xv. \n-sf-tm-ep--h AXn\v Hcp--W-sa-mWv. IqSp-X-
kwkm-cn-m Ah-kcw \ImsX Rm \Sp. XymKnbpw kwip\pw `\pw ZrV-Nn-\pw tZi-kvt\-lnbpw ktm-]cn ke^oNn-I-\p-am-bn-cpp- auehn. At-l-hp-am-bp kplr-Zv_w
Ayw-hsc De-bmsX Rm Imp-kq-np. At-lhpw. Am-lp
At-l-n\v _k-Jn-bmb kuJyw {]Zm\w sNs.
apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v tIcfw Zin t\Xm--fn
Hc-]q {]Xn-`-bm-bn-cpp. Rm ]m-f--n-bn Jo-_mbn htm kmln_v Pbn-en-em-bn-cpp. At-ls In-n. tI-dn-hpsIm-p-Xs a\-n B alm-hy-nXzw \nd-p-\n-n-cpp. Ftm Imc-W-h-im cmjv{Sob XS-hp-Imsc Pbn ap-cm-n-b-Xn
At-lhpw Dsp. tijw Ppap-Av ]m-f--n-bn hcm XpSn. Fs t{imXm--fpsS kZv {]K--m-cp-sSbpw _pn-Po-hn-Ifp-sSbpw cmjv{Sob \mb-I-m-cp-sSbpw alZv kmn-[y-m [\yam-bn-sm-n-cpp. Fs a\pw Nnbpw hf-cp-I-bmWv. Fs
kZ-n-t\m-sSmw hf-cm-\p tamlw Fsbpw hfn.
sImSp--q-cnse Ago-tm-SmWv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln-_ns
kztZiw. asmcp alm {]Xn-`-bm-bn-cp koXn-km-ln_v Ct-l-ns ka-ioj\pw kl-]m-Tn-bp-am-bn-cpp. cp-t]cpw Cy \mjW tIm{K-n-eq-sS-bmWv cmjv{Sob PohnXw Bcw-`n-Xv. Ignhpw _pnbpw {]h\ Kmw`o-cyhpw \nanw cmfpw tIm{Kns t\Xr-\n-c-bn-tev Dbp. tZio-b-X-e-n Xs {i
]nSn-p-]n. Fm CS-m-ev Ch th]n-cnp. sI.Fw. auehn-bp-am-bp \nXy-k-w koXn-km-ln-_ns\ tIm{K-n
\n-In. apkvenweoKns Bkq-{X-I\pw t\Xm-hp-amn-op.
A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v tIm{K-n Xs Dd-p-\np. C.Fw.Fkv. XpS-nb t\Xm--tfm-sSmv tIm{K-nse CS-Xp-]
tNcn-bn kmln_v i-a-mbn \ne-sImp. ]noSv \q-Xn-cn-mSpw
tIm{Kv hnp-t]mbn. ]s, kmln_v Dd-p-\np. CS-Xp-]
Nnm-K-Xn-m-c-\m-b-Xp-sImpw apkvenw F Imc-W-mepw tIm{K-nse khW- ta[m-hn tem_n-bn \npw Gsd ]oU-\-

141

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v Atlw Cc-bm-bn-pv. ]s, AXn-Im-b-\mb A_vZp-dlvam kmln_v PmXn-aX Nn-I-Xo-X-\mbn P\-sf kvt\lnp. P\- At-l-sbpw.
ke^o- BZi-n ASn-bp-d-p-\n [oc apPm-ln-Zm-bn-cppapl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v.- "kmln_v' F Hma-\-t-cn-emWv Atlw kwt_m-[\ sN-s-n-cp-Xpw ]cs P\-n-Sbn ]d-b-s-n-cp-Xpw. AXmWv Fs hmp-I-fnepw B {]tbmKw hp-sIm-n-cp-Xv. kmln-_ns "AAao'- ]{Xw ae-bmf
\mSns Ncn-{X-n ad-m ]mSn-m Hc-ym-b-amWv. kmln-_ns\-p-dnpw ]{X-s--nbpw Fgp-Xp--h-scms Xs tZi-kvt\l-tbpw kzmX-{y-k-ac tkh-\--tfbpw am{X-amWv Ftmgpw
hmgvp-Xv. hmgv-s-tS-Xpw kvacn--s-tS-Xpw Xs-bmWXv. Fm tIcf apkvenw \thm-m\ kwcw-`--fn At-lns ]{Xhpw At-lhpw hln al-mb ]pw hfsc Ipd-pam-{Xta ]cm-ain--s-Sp-pq. 1925 Bcw-`n A-A-ao ]{Xw
t]cns alXzw \ne-\np-Ibpw Cy kzmX{y ka-c-n\p
thn tLmc-amb i_vZw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv
apkvenw-Isf i-ambn t_m[-h-XvI-cn-n-cpp. AtXm-sSmw Xs
apkvenw kap-Zm-b-n thcp-d InS A-hn-izm-k-pw
A\m-Nm-c-p-sa-Xn-cnepw AAao i-ambn i_vZnp.
ss{Xhm-cn-I-bmbpw ]noSv Zn\-]-{X-ambpw hf-sc-mew AXv \Sp.
C. sambvXp auehn, C.sI. auehn, sI.sI. apl-Zv im^n, sI.Fw. C_vdmlow kmln_v (koXn-km-ln-_ns A\p-P) XpS-nb
{]K hyn-I CXns ]{Xm-[n-]-k-an-Xn-bn {]hn-n-pv.
\oXn-p-th-n-bp [oc-k-a-c-n Hcp inpw kmln-_ns\
]nn-cn-n-m Ign-n-n. hfsc sNdp--n Xs Atlw
Pbn-en-e-S--sp. Fp-hj-tmfw ]e-tm-gmbn Pbnhmkw
A\p-`-hnp.
XnI `\pw amXr-Im-tbm-Ky\pw Akm-am\y [oc-\p-am-bn-cpp kmln_v. At-l-hp-ambn ]e-tmgpw ASpv _-s-Sp-Ibpw
At-ls Adn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-tm \psS t\Xm- aX-hnj-b--fn Ct-ls amXr-I-bm-n-bn-cp-p-sh-n Fv Rm
sImXnp. GsXmcp alm kt-f-\-nepw \nm-bI {]m[m-\y-aln-p Inn tbmK--fn t]mepw \a-kvIm-c-n\v t\c-am-bm

142

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

DSs\ apk hncnv Ahn-sS-Xs Hgn aqe-bn Atlw \akvI-cn-p-am-bn-cpp. CXv ZrIvkm-n-I-fn \npw Rm Adn-npv. [mcmfw kpv t\mp-I FSp-p kz`m-h-m-c-\m-bncpp kmln_v. hnhm-l-n\v kuI-cy-s-Sm--h-tcmSv {]hm-N-I
I]n--XmWv Cu {hXw. Jnem-^v ka-c-hp-ambn _-sv Atlw D]-cn-]-T\w CSv shv \nn-sb-nepw IpSpw-_-m-scbpw
kplr-p--tfbpw Ign-hXpw hnZy-t\-Sm Atlw t{]mm-ln-np. kzmX-{y-k-a-c-n Akm-[m-cW t]mcm-fn-bmbn tim`n-ptmgpw A-hn-izmk A\m-Nm-c-s-Xn-cnepw kap-Zmb \thmm-\-n\v thnbpw \mhpw Xqen-Ibpw Nen-n-p--Xn kmln_v Hpw ]ntm--am-bn-cp-n. s]cp-am acym-Z-I-fn At-bw
am\y-Xbpw Apw Atlw ]pen-bn-cp--Xmbn A\p-`-h-n F\nv t_m[y-s-n-pv.
1944 Imew. Rm ]m-f-n Jo_v. Av apkvenw eoKp-Im-c\p-amWv. Fs cmjv{Sob A`n-cp-Nn-bpsS ImcWw apt ]d-n-pv. apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v tIm{K-nse kap--X-\mb t\Xmhv. Rm hn`-P-\-hm-Zn-bp-am-bn-cpp. Cv Rm kZm tJZnp Nne-Xn HmWv hn`-P-\-hm-Z-ns Nnbpw {]h-\hpw.
]s, kml-N-cy-amWv Fs B \ne-bn-se-n-Xv. h-`mbn ]tens t\Xr-Xz-n-ep tIm{K-nse khW ta[m-hn-I-fpsS
\b-ssh-I-ey-amWv ]mIn-m hmZ-n\v in-tb-Im Imc-W-amb-sX kXyw A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw Cv aqSn-sh-p-I-bmWv. ISp
tZio-b-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cp apl--Zen Pnm kmln_-v hnp-ho-gvN-bn-m ISp hKob hmZn-bmbn ap{Z-Ip--s-Sm CS-bm-bXv tIm{K-nse apkvenw hncp khWta[m-hn--ns ISpw-]n-Sp--ambn-cpp. A[x-IrX hK-ns D-a-\-n\pw AwKo-Im-c-n-\pw
thn Pnm-km-ln_v i_vZn--tm Kmn-Pn-p-t]mepw AXv
Dsm-m Ign-n-s-p--XmWv hkvXpX. auem\m BkmZns B-I-Y-bnepw kzX-{-Nn--I-cmb Nne lnp t\Xm--fpsS
cmjv{Sob Ipdn-p-I-fnepw Cu kXyw {]I-S-am-bn-cpp. ]s, auem\m BkmZv A\n-hm-cy-amb Cu kXy-i-I-e- Xs Pohn-X-Im-ev AS-p-]q-n-shp. Fn\v? Cu tNmZyw tNmZy-am-bn-s Ahti-jn-pp. khW- ta[m-hn-Xz-ns ISp A[n-Im-c-smXn
HSp-hn ]m-n-m hmZ-n sIms-n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Rm-

143

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\pw AXn ]p-tNp. ]m-n

- m hmZ-hp-ambn Am-ev Rm
]e tbmK--fnepw {]kw-Knp \Sp. ]mf-n In-n-bnse
an-t]cpw tIm{K-nse kPoh {]h-I-cm-bn-cp-Xv kzm`m-hnI-ambpw Nne hnj-a-X-I-fp-mn.
In-n-m-cpsS t{]c-W-sImtm, Fs \ne-]mSv {in--Xp-sImtm Fsv F\nv \n-b-an,- kmln-_ns ZrjvSn Fs t\v ]Xnp. ae-_m-dn a\p-jyv Xncn-bp `mj-bn JpXz-v_
\S-p A]qw akvPn-Zp-I-fn tImgn-tmSv \K-c-nse GI
tI{-amb ]m-f-n kmaq-lnI {i-bn Xnfn \nn-cpp. tIm
gn-tmpw ]cn-k-c-{]-tZ-i--fn-ep-ap \nc-h[n {]ap-J Ppap-A-v
]s-Sp-p ]n F \ne-bn ]m-f-n icnpw Hcp {imtI-{-am-bn-cpp. AhnsS ae-bm-f-n {]kw-Kn-p BZys
JXz-o_v F \ne-bn Rm P\-{i-v hnt[-b-\m-bXv kzm`m-hnI-am-Wtm.
Hcp shn-bmgvN Ppap-Av tijw kmln_v Fs `-W-n\mbn Wnp IqsS sImp-t]mbn. AsXmcp henb A`n-am-\-I-camb Hm-bmbn Cpw a\-n Ipfncv tImcn-bn-Spp. tImgn-tmSv
t_q AlvaZv kmln-_ns \m-emw- sK-bn-n-\-Sp-p-- _wm-hnemWv kmln-_ns Xmakw. AlvaZv kmln_v _wmhv At-ln\v hnp-sIm-Sp-n-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. apI`mKw Xpd-p-sh-p ]gb tamU Imdn-em-bn-bn-cpp Av Rm kmln-_n-t\m-sSmv bm{X sNbvXXv. Fm-hpw ImW---hn[w. Da aue-hnsb kmln_v sImp-t]m-Ip-pv, tIm{K-p-Im-c-\mn aSn
Abpw Fv ]ecpw Cu bm{Xsb Nqn ]d--Xmbn ]noSv
Rm Adnp.
`Ww Ignp. apdn-bn R cp-t]cpw am{X-ambn hn{ian-p-I-bmWv. kmln_v tNmZy-cq-t]W kwkmcw XpSn ""aueho
\n apkvenw eoKp-Im-c\pw AXns henb {]Nm-c-I-\p-am-sWv
Bfp-I ]d-bp-p-tm?.-''- AXn sXsm-p-an Fv Rm adp]-Snbpw ]dp. XpSv kwkm-cn-m kmln_v Dmlw ImWnp. tIm F\nv CjvSw tXmn. Pnm kmln-_ns ]e tZmj-fpw Ip-fpw Atlw Fs tInp. icn-bmb apkven-ambn Pohn-m Hcp--an-m Hcm apkvenw kap-Zm-b-ns t\Xmhm-Ip--sX-s\ F-Xm-bn-cpp kmln-_ns hni-Zo-I-c-W-n-

144

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

se {][m\ _np. Rm \ni-_vZ-\mbn tIp-sImpw {in-p-sImp-an-cpp. Ipsd Ign--tm kmln_v tNmZnp; auehn Fm
Hpw anm-Xv? Rm ]dp:- kmln_v CXp-hsc ]d Imcy--fn F\nv FXnt-tXm Xncp-t-tXm Bbn Hpan. Fn ]ns \n Fn-\mWv Pnsb t\Xm-hmbn AwKoI-cn-p-Xv? Fm-bn-cpp ASp tNmZyw.
Rm Cs\ ]dp:- Pnm kmln_v apkvenw kap-Zm-b-n\v
Hcp amXr-Im-]p-cp-j-\mb t\Xm-h. Hcp ho-ens m\tam
ss{Uh-dpsS m\tam am{Xta Pnv Rm IW-m-p-pq.
\ _n Ib-dm sNp-tm kzmantb icWw Fv {]mn-p-sImv- _v mv sNp--h-\mWv ss{Uh Fn Rm
aSnt-mcm-dn. Bcpw As\ Xncn-p-t]m-Ip-Xv In-p-an.
kmln_v CXp-hsc ]d Imcy- apkvenw eoKns \b-am-sWv hcp--]w, AXm-bXv Pn Ap t\cw \a-kvI-cn-m-dn-sv
Xm ]d-tm. \a-kvImcw A{X AXym-h-iy-ap--X Fv
eoKns \b-ambn ]d-bp ]w,- AXvt]mse Pn-bpsS aI Hcp
]mkn-bpsS IqsS t]mbn Fpw Xm ]d-p-htm. s]a-sf Aap-kvenw-Iv G]n-p-sIm-Sp-p--Xn\v hntcm-[-an-sv
eoKv {]Jym-]n-p--]w Rm Av ap-X eoKns FXn-cm-fn-IfpsS tkh-I-\m-bn-ocpw. Fnepw apkvenweoKns Ay- Cu
Xc-n-ep--h-\m-Ip--Xn F\nv kSw Dv. AXp-sImv kmln_v apkvenw-eo-Kn-tev hcq. kmln-_ns\ R {]kn-U-mmw. apkvenw kap-Zmbw \nhr-n-tI-Sns L-n,- Xc-s {]K-\mb Hcp ho-ens\ Inn-b-tm Xv thn hmZn-m
At-ls apn \nn-b-XmWv. Fm-\n-e-bnepw A\p-tbm-Py\mb Xm-sf-tmse Hcmsf e`n-m hfsc \-Xm-Wtm''.kmln_v Fs hmp-I \ni_vZw tIp-sIm-n-cpp. Atlw F{X-Iv am\y\pw kl-\-io-e\pw hn\o-X-lr-Z-b-\p-am-sWv
Rm Av A\p-`-hn--dnp. At-l-ns As DX
\ne-hm-c-n\v tbmPn-tXm, Bpw ]d-bm ss[cyw hcp-tXm
Bbn-cp-n Fs adp-]-Sn-sbv ]noSv Rm a\-n-emn. ]s,
kmln_v henb a\p-jy-\m-bn-cpp. amXr-Im-]p-cp-j-\p-am-bn-cpp.
Fs h-am\w Xop. Atm Hcp ]pn-cn-tbmsS Atlw tNmZnp:- Fs {]kn-U-m-m \nv Ign-bptam? F\n-

145

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v AXn-mbn {ian-m Ign-bp-atm. Fm-em-hp-Xv Rm\pw

sNmw Fv Rm adp-]-Snbpw ]dp. R-fpsS kwkmcw Ahkm-\np. kmln_v DSs\ ss{Uhsd hnfnp. ""aue-hnsb ]n-bntem auehn Dt-in-p-t-Stm hnp-sIm-Spq''- Fv \ntiw
\In. Rm kemw ]dp aSn. Fm CXp-aqew R
Xn-ep-m-bn-cp kvt\l-_--n\v Hcp tImhpw Xn-bn.
apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v henb a\p-jy-\m-bn-cpp.
t\Xm--v amXr-I-bm-bn-cpp. XnI `-\m-bn-cpp. Dd
hnizm-kn-bm-bn-cpp. Xulo-Zns {]`-bm {]ti-m-`n-X-amb lrZ-bam-bn-cpp At-l-n-tXv. {_nojv B[n-]-Xy-tmSv Hcp knwls-tmse Atlw AS-cm-Sp-tmgpw kzk-ap-Zm-b-ns A-Xbnepw A-hn-izm-k-nepw Gsd ZpxJn-X-\m-bn-cpp. B Ccp-ntev k`w Inp-tm-sgmw shfn--sa-n-m kmln_v Hcn-epw
ad-n-n. kzmX-{y-ns Kw A\p-`-hn-m `mKyw e`n-msX 1945 \hw-_ 23\v Atlw A-cnp. kmln-_ns hyn-am-lmyhpw \njvI-f--amb XymK tkh-\-fpw ]pXnb Xe-ap-dv amXr-I-bm-I---hw kvacn--s-Sp-n. In-cm-jv{So-b-nse
Nne hr-p-n am{Xw A\p-kva-cWw F NSv \S-s--Spp. XymK-kp-c-`n-e-amb kmln-_ns kzcm-Py-kvt\-lhpw aXkvt\-l-hpw kap-Zm-b-ssa-{Xnv thn-bp I\ B`n-ap-Jyhpw
{]tXy-Iw {]tXyIw hni-Zo-I-cn--s-tS--Xpv. Fs Ign-hp-tISv
Rm ChnsS k-Xn-pp. Ign-hp--h AXn-s\m-cp-Ww. alma-\p-jy-\mb kmln-_ns hnip I- Amlp Xr]vXn-s-SpI-bpw hogvN-I HuZm-cy-]qw Ah s]mdp-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw
kzKw km-\-ambn \Ip-Ibpw kh{X A\p-{K-l- hjnp-Ibpw sNp-am-dm-Is. At-l-tm-sSmw kzK-n Ign-bm-
Cubp--h\pw B{K-ln-pp. Am-lpth, \o `mKyw \tI-Wta.
apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lv-am kmln-_ns A]-Zm-\-sf {]Ionp teJ-\-fpw {]kw-K-fpw Hcp ^mj-\mbn h-tmgpw \Sm-dpv. Agn-a-Xn-bn apn-p-fn-p--h-cm-bn-cnpw AXn ap]-n-bn ]e-tmgpw ImWpI. Ch-sc-tm-ep--h kmln-_ns\
amXr-Im-]p-cp-j-\mbn hmgvp-tm At-ls Adn-p-Iq-Sm
P\- Fm-bn-cnpw Icp-XpI! kmln-_ns\ amXr-I-bm-p
injy-m-cpsS tImew CXm-sW-n Atlw GXv Xc-m-c-\m-Ip-sa-

146

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v Nnn-p-t]m-Ip-I-bnt. Cu Imp-I--mcpw Imen-o Ipw`I-mcpw P\-Io-bm-kq-{XW hngp-n-Ifpw JZ-dn-\p-n AW-en]m-ns\ Hfn-n-n-cp-p--hcpw skIvkv dmv hoc-mcpw A_vImcn Zm-f-mcpw kmln_v F alm-\mb a\p-jy-s\-p-dnv H-pw
anm-Xn-cn-p-p-sh-n Xs AsXmcp henb tkh-\hpw kmln_ns alXzw hnfn--dn-bn-p--Xm-Ip-am-bn-cpp. ]S--ht\, CsXsmcp temIw! ]c-tem-I-ns ]cn-]mSn \o \n-bn-n-n-m-bn-cpp-sh-n km[p--fmb R henb t`mj-m-cm-bn-o-cp-am-bncpp "amen-In-bu-an-o'-\v lrZbw \ndsb kvXpXn!1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

22
hn`-P\
- h
- mZw
]m-n-m hmZw in-s-Sp-Ibpw Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n
apkvenw-eoKv AXv Gs-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX-tXmsS cmPy-sm-msI
ho-b-amb tNcn-tm-cns Im-Sn-p-hoin. As tIm{Kk-v
t\XrXzw ]Iz-X-bn-msX \o-n-b-XmWv sam-n ]m-n-m
hmZw cq-am-n-bXv. tIm{Kv t\Xr-Xz-nse in-tI-{-am-bncp {]_-e-cpsS a\-p-I apkvenw hntcm-[w-sIm-pw lnp hKob-X-bmepw aen-\-s-n-cpp. i-cn i-\m-bn-cp Ph-lem
s\lvdp Cu m]nX Xm]-cy-m-cpsS `mKv tNp-\n--XmWv
{]iv\- cq-am-n-bXv. Kmn-Pn-bpsS \nt-i-fpw A`n-{]m-bfn- ]eXpw Ah-K-Wn--s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Cy-bnse alm
`qcn-]w hcp A[x-IrX h--tfmSv Pnm-km-ln_v ImWn
kl-Xm-]hpw Ah-cpsS D-a-\-n-\mbn aptm-p-sh \nt-i-fpw tIm{K-nse khW- tem_nsb ITn-\-ambn ipWvTn ]nSn-nXpw Xnc-o-ev ]nnse henb Imc-W-am-bn-cpp. kwK-Xn-I-fpsS
Kpcp-X-cm-h I-dn KmnPn Pn-tbmSv Xs \ne-]m-Sn \npw ]nm-dm A`ynp. ]s, ]nSn-hm-in-m-c-\mb Pnm-kmln_v B A`y\ \nc-kn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. Iznv Cym ka-cw
AXns aq-\y-X-bn Fn-b-tm Cy cmbn ]ncn-m-\p km[y-X-Ifpw ]mc-ay-n-sen. {_no-jp-Im-c Fcn-bp Xobn F ]Ip-sImv hnZ-Kv[-ambn Ifnp. s\lvdp-hns\ Xs

147

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

CwKn-X-n-s\mv Ipsd-sbmw kzm[o-\n-m Ah-km-\s

ssht{km-bnbpw kzX{ Cy-bpsS Hm-as Kh P\-d-epam-bn-cp auv _m {]`p-hn\v Ignp. {]`p-hns ]Xv\n FUzn\m aptJ-\-bmWv CXv km[y-am-b-sXv ]cs hm ]c-ncpp. F-Uzn\m s\lvdp-hns Hcp Zu_-ey-am-bn-cp-p-hs{X! Cu
hm Fcnhpw ]pfnbpw a[p-chpw Ie ]e-Xcw IY-I-fn-eqsS
{]N-cnp. kzmX-{y-n\p tijw Cu IY-Iv \ndw ]I-cp
]e t\mh-ep-Ifpw Nn{Xo-I-c-W-fpw kn\n-a-It]mepw Dm-bn-cp-Xmbn Adn-bm Ign-n-pv. s\lvdp Hcp \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-bmbn
Adn-b-s-n-cp-p-sh-nepw X\nv Pw \Inb khW- {_mW hK-ns Xm]-cy-v hncp--amb Hcp \ne-]mSv ssIsm-p-hm apXnn. Ipim-{K-_p-nbpw Hcp ho-ens ssh`hhpw aq-ambn kt-fn Pnm-km-ln_v I\ ipWvTn-tbmsS
aptmp \on.- ISp tZio-b-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cp Pn i-\mb
apkvenw ho-b-hm-Zn-bmbn cq]-t`Zw {]m]n--Xns ]nn-ep hkvXp-X-I hfsc hnc-f-ambn am{Xta cmjv{Sob Ncn-{X-Im-c-mn-Sbn \ncq-]Ww sN-s-n-pq. hym]-I-ambn Cy P\X ]Tnt-n-bn-cp hkvXp-X-I kp-NnX Xm]-cy- aqew XS-bs-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv.
Jnem-^v {]m-\-n kPoh _hpw {]h-\-hp-ambn
tim`n-p-Ibpw ae-_m el-f-bpsS `bm-\-I-amb hn]-p-I-fn \npw kap-Zm-bs cn-m Atlm-cm{Xw ]Wn-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Fs _lp-am\y Kpcp-\m-Y sI.Fw. aue-hn-km-ln_v tIm{K-n-\p-nse hK-ob {[pho-I-cWw ASp--dn-bp-Ibpw Xqew Xs kX kl-Nm-cn-Ifpw an{X--fp-am-bn-cp ae-_m-dnse tIm{Kkv t\Xm--fp-ambn hn-I-ep-Ibpw sNbvXp. sI. am[-h \mb,
sI.]n. tIi-h-ta-t\m XpS-nb tIm{K-nse t\Xr-{]-ap-J-cpsS
at\m-`m-hhpw hKo-b- I-cp-\o--fpw tIm{K-nse khW
tZiob t\Xr-Xz-ns \ne-]m-Sp-Iv in-]-I-cp--Xmbn auehn a\-n-emn. CXp-aqew apkvenw-eo-Kn-t\m-Sp At-l-ns
B`n-ap-Jy-n\v _ew hnp. tIm{K-kn-\p-nse khW lnp hKo-b-X-bpsS {[pho-I-cWw tZio-b-X-e-nepw {]tZ-inI LSI--fnepw hn-p-h-cpp F ZpxJ-kXyw aue-hnsb Xo{h-ambn
Nnn-p-hm t{]cn-np. alm-\mb kwip tZio-b-hmZn apl-Zv

148

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A_v Z p- d - l v a m kmln- _ n- s \- t m- e p apkv e nw t\Xm- - t fmSv

khW tem_n-bpsS kao-]\w aue-hnsb hfsc ZpxJn-X-\m-n-bncpp. Xs hnNm-c-sf hnImcw Iogvs-Sp-nb k`-n-em-bncn-Ww apkvenw-I apkvenw eoKn Hsm-gn-bmsX AWn-tN-tcXv aX-]-c-am-bn-Xs Hcp \n_--Im-cy-am-bn-o-cp-p-shv
^Xvh ]pd-s-Sp-hn-m t]mepw At-ls \n_-n-X-\m-nbXv. Fs-tm-ep injy-m At-l-ns \ntiw inc-k-m-hlnp. apkvenw-eo-Kns\ Hcp inZp-am-n-sb-Sp-m {]m]vXnbp Hcp Xe-tm-dns\ auehn koXn-km-ln-_n Zinp. aue-hnbpsS BmX-bpw BZi-ip-nbpw Adn-hns \oscm-gppw
koXn-km-ln-_ns a\-nepw Gsd kzm[o\w sNepn. Ahn-Sbn \S hkvXp-Xm-]-chpw ZoL--fp-amb ]T-\hpw N-I-fpamWv F.sF.kn.kn. sadpw tIm{K-kns tIc-f-nse {]apJ
hIv-vXm-hp-am-bn-cp koXn-km-ln-_ns\ apkvenw-eo-Kns IpSpw-_nse In-bm-n-bXv. aue-hn-bpsS Is- \qn-sbmp iXam-\hpw bmYmy-ambn ]pep. koXn-km-ln-_ns a\pw icochpw Xe-tmdpw Hcp _np-hn Hn--tm apkvenw-eoKv tIc-fnse in-bmbn hfp....
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

23
tJZ-apv ]t....
Rm Hcp cmj-{Sob Nn-It\m \ncq-]-It\m A. ]t, apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lv-am kmln-_ns\ kvacn-t-n-h--tm Nne kmaq-lnI cmjv{Sob {]iv\-fpw Iq-n Hmp-t]mbn Fp-am{Xw.
Fs Adnhpw A\p-`-h--fp-ambn CS-I-e hkvXp-X-I-fn ambmsX InS-p Nne tcJ-I ChnsS Ipdn-p-shv am{Xw. Av Rm
kzoI-cn ]e \ne-]m-Sp-Ifpw AXnI-hn-btem sshIm-cnIw am{Xtam Bbn-cp-p-shv ]noSv F\nv tXmn-bn-pv. AXn HmWv ]m-n-m hmZ-ns i-\mb A\p-Iq-en-bmbn Rm
thZn-I-fn {]Xy--s-Xv.- apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln-_ns
apn-t]mepw \ymb-hm-Z--fp-ambn Dd-p-\nm Fs t{]cn-n-Xpw Cu hnIm-c-]-c-amb Nn-bm-bn-cpp. apkvenw-I apkvenw-eo-

149

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Kn AwK--fm-tI-Xv \n_ IS-a-bm-sWv Fs Kpcp-\m-Y-

^Xvh Cd-n-bXpw Cu C\-n s]-Xm-bn-cpp Fv ]noSv
F\nv t_m[y-ambn. Fm aX-hn-j-b--fn, {]tXy-Inv XuloZv {]t_m-[-\-cw-Kv sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS t\Xr-Xzhpw hoWhpw ]qW-ambn ]np-W ke^n ]WvUn-X-m-cn ]ecpw.-- DZm:F.sI. A_vZp eo^v auehn, C.sI. auehn, apl-Zv A_vZpd-lvam kmln_v XpS-nb ]e Nn-Icpw At-l-ns ta]-d ^Xvh-tbmSv Xosc tbmPn-p--h-cm-bn-cp-n. Ah cmjv{So-bambn \ tIm{Kv t\Xm-fpw {]h-I-cp-ambn Xs \nesImp. `uXn-I-amb hnj-b--fn-ep-m-bn-cp Cu A`n-{]mb `nXbpw aX-{]-t_m-[-\-cw-Kv \ne-\n sFIyhpw ZrV-Xbpw {]m-\-ns khn-ti-j-X-I-fns]-Sp--XmWv. alm-mcpw hnip-cp-amb kzlm-_n-In-S-bnepw `uXn-I-cm-jv{So-b-Im-cy--fnse A`n{]m-b-hy-Xym-khpw aX-Im-cy--fnse Hsm-cp-abpw \apv Zriy-amWv. auen-I-amb Cu Ncn{X ]mc--cy-n-s\-Xn-cn cq]-s-Sp-n-bXpw cq]- s - S p- n- s m- n- c n- p- - X p- a mb kwL- S \m cwKs
tIU kz`m-h-amWv Ctm temIm-Sn-m-\-n Xs apkvenw
kap-Zm-b-n Dmb \mi-v ImcWw. Xo{h-hm-Z-fpw `oI-chm-Z-fpw hmcn-p-W-cp kaq-l- \ni-_vZ-amb A\p-k-c-Wn-sbpw A\p-I-c-W-n-sbpw krjvSn-I-fmWv. \ni-_vZ-cm-bn-cnpI, A\p-k-cn-pI F ap{Zm-hm-Iy-amWv Fm tIU {]m-\-tfbpw hgn-sX-n-Xv. {]hm-N-Is\ \ncp-]m-[n-I-ambpw ]cn-]qW-ambpw A\p-k-cn-m a\km hmNm IWm Hcp-n-bn-cp kzlm-_n-I kt-fn-n-cp {]hm-N-I-k-Z-nt]mepw Ccw `oI-c\n-i-_vZX Zin-m \apv Ign-bn. \_nbpsS A\p-N-c-m
kwi-b- tNmZnv ]Tn-p-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-c-W- tXSp-Ibpw
sNp-am-bn-cpp. \_n AX-\p-h-Znp sImSp-n-cpp. an-cpXv,
kwkm-cn--cpXv, A\p-k-cn-pI am{X-amWv _m[yX F B[p-\nI tIU- kwL-S-\-I-fpsS N-qSv Ckvem-an-I-a. aX-]-c-amb Imcy-fn \ncp-]m-[n-Ihpw kq-hp-amb A\p-k-c-Whpw `uXnI
Imcy- A`n-{]mb kzmX-{yhpw. AXmWv Ckvemw ]Tn-n-Xv.
{]hm-N-Is kZ-n \n an-cpXv Fv Amlp I-]n-n-n. {]hm-N-Is i_vZ-t-m \n-fpsS i_vZw Db-cpXv
Fm-bn-cpp I]\. BZ-chpw _lp-am-\hpw {]I-Sn-n-t--Xn-

150

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s apJy-]mTw CXp-aqew \Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp. XnIpw Ckvem-an-Iamb Cu P\m-[n-]-Xy-co-Xn-bmWv `uXnI ho-W--fn Ckzv-emlo {]m\w XpSw apXt A\p-hnp t]mn-cp-Xv.
\n`m-Ky-h-im kao-]-Im-ev hnim-e-amb Cu ImgvN-m-Sn-s\-Xn-cn Nne hIvtjm-p-Ifpw \nim-Iym-p-Ifpw cq]-s-p-h--Xmbn
F\nv a\-n-em-m Ignp. AXns ]cn-Wmaw AXyw
A]-I-S-I-c-ambn `hn-p-sav Rm `b-s-Spp. Amlp Imp
cn-s.
Rm Nne Hm-I \n-fp-ambn ]p-sh-m Dt-in-p-tm ]e-tmgpw AXns ]m-ew Ipdv ]d-tb-n-hcpw. Fnte
]pXnb Xe-ap-dv AXv lrZy-amIq. Cy kzm{yw t\Sp-tm
Rm ]m-f--n-bn JXo-_m-bn-cpp. 1946se sXc-s-Sp-n
apkvenweoKns thZn-I-fn Rm {]kw-K-I-\m-bn-cpp. IqSmsX
Rm Hcp ]m-n-m hmZnbpw. ]m-f--n-bpsS In-n-m tIm{K-p-Im-cm-bn-cpp. Ah apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln-_n-sbpw C. sambvXp-au-e-hn-bp-sSbpw injy-mcpw kplr-p--fp-amWv.
sambvXp auehn ]m-f--n-bnse ncw \a-kvIm-c-m-c\pw. an
Znh-k--fnepw Atlw Ddw Xs ]n-bn-em-bn-cpp. Rm
eoKv tPp-I-fn shfn-s--tm In-n-mv FtmSv Hc-Xr]vXn. Xpdp ]d-n-s-nepw F\nX-v a\-n-embn. shdp-n-m
\ne-bn kq{X-n Hgn-bm Rm Dt-inp. As\ ]I-c-n\mbn ]e-tcbpw JpXz-v_ \n-ln-m Ab- ]Xn-hmn. kn.]n. Ipp-sam-bvXo auehn (Xr-\n), sI. sambvXp auehn (]noSv Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS t\Xm-hmbn-) F.hn. A_vZp-emw auehn, hn.Fw. aplvbn-oIp-n- auehn (B\-a-mSv) Fn-h
As\ ]I-c-m-cm-b-hc-mWv. Rm CSv tImgn-tmSv hv JpXzv_-sb-p-dn-p {]Xn-I-cWw At\z-jn-p-Ibpw sNpw. Atm
aplvbn-oIpn aue-hnsb-p-dnp s]mXpsh \ Xr]vXnbp--Xm-bnIp. ]n {]kn-Uv sImS-m-c _mh-lm-Pn-tbmSv Rm ]dp. F\nv ]Icw cp amkw aplvbn-o Ipn auehn JpXv_
\S-s. CXv sk{I--dnpw k-X-ambn. cp-amkw Ign--tm
Rm NmsP-Sp-m sNn. Ah Fs hnfn--Xp-an. Rm
kzbw Hgn-p-t]m-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn. Cs\ cp-hj-n-e-[nIw XpSp. eoKp-cm-jv{So-bhpw ]m-n-mhm-Zhpw ]d-bp Rm

151

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

aS-n-s-m--Xn In-n-m Bizmkw sImp!

As\ Hcp da-fm amkw Fn. tImgn-tmSv Ipn-n-d-bn
Ipsd Znhkw XpS-bmbn aplvbn-oIpn auehn aX-{]-kwKw \Sn. B {]kw-K-n Atlw Hcp Jpdm-^m-ns sIp-IY
A_--n hnfn. ]Tn-Xpw ioen--Xp-amb ]e Jpdm-^m-p-Ifpw ]s Hgn-p-t]m-Im Ipsd ka-b-sa-Sppw. IqSp-X ]T-\-neq-sSbpw ]cn-io-e-\-n-eq-sSbpw am{Xta CXn \npw ]qW-amb
tamN\w km[y-amIq. Cu kw`hw In-n-mpw s]mXpsh ke^o- BZi-mpw henb \mW-t-Sp-mn. AsXmcp {]iv\-ambn-op. As\ ]n sk{I-dn Fs hnfn-nv- Imcyw ]dp.- Rm tNmZnp:- cp amk-t-m-Wtm Rm At-ls
G]n-Xv. AXp Ign--tm \n Fs Fp-sImv hnfnn. \n Fp-sImv hn Fv sk{I--dnbpw. tcmKn CnXpw sshZy Iev]n-Xpw ]m F sNmv t]mse Imcyw Ahkm-\np. Rm AhnsS \nv ]nmdn. cmjv{Sobw Xs ImcWw.
kPoh cmjv{Sobw F\nv ]p--X-sv CXn-eqsS Rm ]Tnp.
]noSv B hgnv CXp-hsc t]mbn-n. hyn-]-c-amb AIpw
shdp-n\pw CS-bm-Im--hn[w Fm kvt\l-_--fpw ku-lr-Zfpw \ne-\nm Fs ]nhm- Gsd D]-I-cnp. ]m-f-n-bp-am-bp Fs _w Fm \nepw F\nv henb apXIq-m-bn-cpp. XpSp Fs BZihoYn-bn B _-
Ipd-sm-p-a {]tbm-P-\-s-Xv. Fs bm{X-bpsS KXn Xs IqSpX D-a-amb \ne-bn amdn-a-dn-bm B {lkz-amb PohnXw ImcW-am-bn-on-pv. AtX-p-dnv hgnsb ]dbmw.
tijw, apl--Zen lmPn (FS-bq) AhnsS JXz-o-_mbn. Atlw ]noSv tIcf Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS m]I Aao-dmbn.
Pam-A-vIm-c-\m-Ip--Xn\p app Xs R \ kplr-p-fm-bn-cpp. Rm Xs-bmWv B ]n-bn At-l-n\v JpXz-v_
\S-m Ah-kcw \In ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-bXv. Atlw \
{]kw-K-I-\m-bn-cpp. ]s, A[n-Ihpw Atlw Npa-X-e-s-Sp-nb {]Imcw ]I-c-m-c-\mbn ap Pam-Av Aao sI.kn. A_vZp
aue-hn-bmWv JpXz-v_ \n-ln-p-t]m-Xv. Cu \ne XpS-cp--Xn-\n-Sbn-emWv Pam-A-ns AXn-cp-hn BZihpw \b-]-cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw
shfn-s-Xpw Rm Ahsc FXnm apn-n-d-n-bXpw.- Fs

152

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bm{Xm-\p-`-h--fnse apJy Ncn-{X-am-WnXv. AXv \apv hgnsb N

sNmw.
Am-ev ]n sk{I-dn C.hn. A_q-_- Ipn lmPn
Bbn-cpp. Atlw \psS FXnp-Isf Ah-K-Wn-p-Ibpw Chsc ]np-W-p-Ibpw sNbvX-tm BZi cwKv AsXmcp {]iv\-ambn. Chn-sS-bmWv Iptmbn sshZysc kvacn-p-Xv. tImgntmSv {^mknkv tdmUn Hcp sshZy-im-e-bp-ambn Ign-n-cp
Ctlw Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-ns henb KpW-Imw-nbpw t\XrXz-\n-c-bnse Bkq-{X-I-\p-am-bn-cpp. sshZy-im-e-bnse apJy NnIn ico-c-nse tcmK-m-bn-cp-n. kap-Zm-b-ns Bmhns\ Imp- X n- p- s Im- n- c n- p inv _nZ- A v F
Iymk tcmK-n-s\-Xn-cn-em-bn-cpp. AtX-p-dn-p N-Ifpw
Bkq-{X-W-fpw Kth-j-W--fp-am-bn-cpp sshZy-im-e-bn kZm
\S-p-sIm-n-cp-Xv. Iptmbn sshZy-cpsS Unkvs]k-dn-bn
hp-tN-cm aue-hn-amcpw Ckz-vemlo t\Xm-fpw \s IpdhmWv. ZrV-hn-izm-knbpw AXoh kq{X-[m-c-I\pw ]WvUn-X\pw
_pn-am-\p-am-bn-cpp sshZy. tImgn-tmSv sNm Iptmbn
sshZysc ImWmsX aS-n-tm-cm a\v k-Xn-p-am-bn-cp-n.
A{X i-am-bn-op R-fpsS _w.
Pam-As Ckvem-ansb ]np-W-p ]n sk{I--dn-bp-sSbpw Iqm-fn-I-fp-sSbpw then-sp XIm sshZy Hcp NnIn
{]tbm-Knp. Hcp Dua t\mnkv ]ckyw sNbvXp. AXv Gt-n-Sv icnpw Gp. Pam-As Ckvem-an-sb-p-dnv In-n-bn
FXn-c-`n-{]mbw i-ambn. As\ apl--Zen lmPnsb JXz-o_v
m\p \npw Hgn-hmn. XpSv F.sI. A_vZp-Xzo^v auehn-bmWv Xm-\v \ntbm-Kn-X-\m-bXv. Av Atlw Xncq-cmSn \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-bn {][m\ Aym-]-I\pw Rm
bXow-Jm-\-bpsS amt\-P-dp-am-bn-cpp. aZvd-k-bn Aym-]-I\pw.1956IfpsS Bcw-`-am-WXv. A_vZp-Xzo^v auehn GI-tZiw cv
]Xn-m-p-Imew ]m-f--n-bnse JXz-o-_mbn XpSp. {]K--fpw BZyw ]T-\ml--fp-am-bn-cpp At-l-ns JpXz-v_-I.
At-l-ns JpXz-v_-I HmsI tSv sNbvXv t{ImUo-I-cnv
FgpXn {]kn-o-I-cn-n-cp-p-sh-n aX-hn-m--\-cw-Kv henb
{K--fpsS apXq-m-Ip-am-bn-cpp. ]s, Am-ev A-cw

153

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kuI-cy- hnc-f-am-bn-cp-p-htm.
F.sI. A_vZp-Xzo^v auehn Akm-am\y _pn-Po-hnbpw {]K-\mb ]WvUn-X\pw ka-\mb Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cpp. R BZi-cw-Kv Gsd CW-nbpw AXp-t]mse ]nW-nbpw
Ign kplr-p--fm-bn-cpp. ZoL-Imew Atlw \Zvh-p
apPm-ln-Zos sk{I--dn-bmbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-n-pv. Aa-\m-dns ]{Xm-[n-]-k-an-Xn-bnse apJy-\p-am-bn-cpp. XncqmSv Rm
kz-ambn ]p-c-bnSw hmn-b-tm AXn Hcp sImp a]p-c-bmWv Dm-bn-cp-Xv. Aku-I-cy-ap B sNdnb hon A_vZp-Xzo^v auehn Ftm-sSmv GXm\pw Znh-k- Ign-p-Iq-Sn-bnpv. Atlw hcm--bn cm{Xn InS-p-dpw. Ahn-sS-bn-cpp Hcp
]pkvXIw Xm-dm--em-bn-cpp R-fpsS tPmen. Iq ]n. A_vZp JmZn auehn cNn "Au-loZv' F alZv {K-n\v ]pdt-m-S aqk apkvenbm F kpn ]WvUn-X Ad_n aebm-f-n Hcp JWvU\w {]kn-o-I-cnp. AXn-s\mcp JWvU\w
thW-sav PwC--p Deam Inn Xocp-am-\np. B IrXyw \n-ln-p-hm Npa-Xe G]n--s--h R-fm-bn-cpp. ]pkvXIw
]qo-I-cnp Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn-tev sImp-t]mbn. sI.Fw. aue-hnbpsS ]cn-tim-[-\bpw \nt-i-fpw th{X \Sp. As\
A Xm-dmn. R aqp-t]-cp-sSbpw \ma-n AXv {]kno-I-cnp. aX-hn-cp--ambn ImWp Imcy-sf A-tm th-hn[w {]Xn-I-cn-p--Xn sI.Fw. auehn, Fw.kn.kn. apXt] hfsc {im-ep--fm-bn-cpp. Ah-cp-ambn \ne-\n ZoLhpw \nXy-hpamb kw \nanw B kz`mhw Ipsd-sbms F\npw ]I-p-Inn. A-s\-bmWv Rm ]epw ]cn-lm-k-]m-{X-amb t\mokv aue-hn-bm-bXv. ]cn-lmkw i{Xp-Xm-]-c-am-bmepw kvt\l-]q-ambm-epw Rm apJ-hn-e-s-Sp-m-dn. ""C Imcy-n Fs Zo\ns\-Xn-cn Hcp kwK-Xn-bp-m-Ip-Ibpw \ns {i-bn AsX-pIbpw sNbvX-tm \o Fp sNbvXp?''- ]c-tem-Iv Am-lp-hns kn-[m-\-n \npw Cs\ Hcp tNmZyw Dm-bm F\nv Ipd-s-nepw hnSp-X e`n-Ww. ""Am-lpth, Cu km[p-hns Adnhpw Ignhpw hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cpp. AXp-sImv F\nv
Cs\ Hcp t\mokv ]pd-n-d-m am{Xta Ign-pq. \o HuZm-cy-]qw s]mdpv Xtc-Wta'' Fn-s\ XmWp-tIWp ]d-bm

154

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F\nv Ign-bWw. AXp-am-{Xta Rm Ftmgpw Dt-in-n-p-q.

"C-a AAvamep- _n -nmv' (\n-b-ambpw I- Dt-iya-\p-k-cn-mWv) Fm-Wtm \_n-h-N\w. hn]p-e-amb A-X-e-sf hym]-cn-n-p Hcp lZo-km-WnXv. CXns al-Xzhpw Ahym-]vXnbpw {K- cNn-mepw ]q-am-Ip-I-bn. e--Wn\v lZo-kp-I tiJ-cnv Ah-bn Kth-j-Whpw ]cn-tim-[-\bpw
Ign-hXpw ]qn-bm-n-b-tijw Camw _pJmcn kz-lo-lmbn tcJs-Sp-n-bXv \mem-bncw lZo-kp-I-fmWv. Ah-bn Hmw \
Bbn Atlw sImn-sh-Xv ta ]d sImp-hm-Iy-ap-smp-- lZo-km-bn-cpp. XpSp-h-cp apgp-h Itam-p-I--fmb ]mT-fpw Cu hN-\s B[m-c-am-pp. ]s, A[n-I-am-fpIfpw CXns {]m[m\yw Dsm-p--h-cmtWm? A\p-`-h-
kwi-b-n\v CS-\Ipp. a\p-jys {]b-Xv\-fpw {]h-\fpw \n-ns\ B{i-bn-n-cn-pp. ]pdsa F{X at\m-l-c--fmbn-cp-mepw icn, AX-\p-jvTn-p hyn-bpsS hnNm-c-nse hnipnbpw Aip-n-bp-amWv Am-lp-hn ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp--sX
A\-L-amb bmYmyw ]e-tmgpw a\p-jy ad-p-t]m-Ipp.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

24
s]cp-m shn-bmgvN
F.sI. A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hn-bp-ambn A`n-{]mb`n-X-bp-m-b
Hcp hnjbw Rm Ctm Hmn-p-I-bmWv. ]m-f--n-bpambn
_-s-Xp Xs-bmWv kw`hw. 1960s Bcw-`-n-emWv Cu Imcyw FmWv Fs ZrV-amb Hm. Hcp shn-bmgvN Ppap-Av
]m-f--n-bn IqSn. Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam aue-hnbpw F.hn. A_vZp-emw aue-hnbpw Ppap-Av Dm-bn-cpp. JpXz-v_-bn
A_vZp-Xo^v auehn ssIImcyw sNbvX hnjbw {it-b-am-bn-cpp. ASp shn-bmgvN s]cp-m-fm-Im km[y-X-bp-sv Atlw ]dp. shn-bmgvN s]cp-m hm FmWv thXv
F Imcy-amWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-Xv.
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p kpss_ a-bnse KhW-dm-bn-cp
Imew. Hcn- shn-bmgvN Znhkw s]cp-m- hp. At-l-n-

155

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s t\Xr-Xz-n CuZv \a-kvImcw \Sp. tijw Atlw hontev t]mbn. ]noSv Ppap-Av thn Bfp-I Hcp-an-p-IqSn.
]s, Atlw hn. Camw hcm--Xn-\m Bfp-I H-sbm-bmbn \a-kvI-cnp ]ncnp. A\-cw A_vZp-m-ln_v\p Amkv
Xs Xma-k--e-amb XzmC-^n \npw a-bn-se-n-b-tm
Bfp-I Cu kw`hw At-ls [cn-np. Atm Atlw ]dp: ""Akzm-_-p''.- Cu Imcyw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-sImv PpapA \Sm-Xn-cn- kp-m-sWpw AYhm \S-n-bm AXv kpn\v FXn-cm-Ip-sapw A_vZp-Xzo^v auehn JpXz-v_-bn {]kvXm-hnp.
Rm CXp-tIv Aw-hnp. PpapA apS-m ]mSn. \S-Ww.
Fm hyn-Iv D]m-[n-I-tfmsS hnp-hogvN A\p-h-Zn-n-pv.
CXmWv Fs Adnhv. Rm Btem-Nnp. At-l-tmSv t\cnv Imcyw [cn-nmw. ]s, \a-kvIm-c-tijw Iptd Bfp-I Fs hfp. Rm Ah-cpsS ]gb JXz-o-_m-Wtm. JXz-o_v ta {]Imcw
{]kvXm-hn--Xn-\m R B Znhkw fpl \a-kvI-cn-t--Xptm? FmWv kwibw. Rm ]dp: ""\a-kvI-cn-Ww. tcmKtam bm{Xtbm \nanw PpapA \jvS-s-m fpl \a-kvI-cn-
]Xn-hnt. AXp-t]mse sNWw.'' Hcp Iqw Fw.kn.kn aue-hnsb
hfp. Ah-cp-sSbpw tNmZyw CXp-Xs. P\-v CsXmcp
]pXnb h-am-\-am-bn-cpp. Fm Fw.kn.kn ]d-Xv Cs\-bmWv:- ""PpapA \S-p-I-bn-sv JXo_v ]d-Xv icn-b. AXv
apS-m ]mSn. PpapA Hcp kmaq-lnI _m[y-Xbpw IqSn-bmWv.''
Iptd-t] F.hn. A_vZp-emw aue-hnsb kao-]np. F.hn. BbnsS tImgn-tmSv CSn-b--c-bn Jp-B mk-v \S-n-smv
Xma-kn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw Av \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo
kwm\ sk{I--dn-bp-amWv. AhnsS Cu hnj-b-n lZokv
mkv t\cs \n-bn-n-p-m-bn-cpp. B mkn hnjbw hniZo-I-cnmw Fv ]d-p-sImv F.hn. Xmew Hgnp.
Cs\ R aqp-t]cpw hyXy-kvX-amb \ne-bn-emWv {]Xn-I-cnXv. AXpw Hcp hnj-b-am-Ip-atm.
]n-bn \npw Bfp-I ]ncnp. Rm Fs Iqp-Im-c-t\msSmw Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm-\v thn ]ncnhv \S-m SuWn-tev \o-n. Atm sNp-n-S-smw CsXmcp kPoh Nmhnj-

156

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

b-ambn A\p-`-h-sp. adp-]Sn ]dp Rm Ipgn. As\ ap

\n-b-{]-Imcw F.hn. A_vZp-emw aue-hn-bpsS mv \Sp.
PpapA apS-m ]mSn-sv Atlw Xd-n-p-Xs ]dp. tImgn-tmSv CXp henb h-am-\-ambn. Atm ]memv IpSpw-_-nse {][m-\n-I Cu hnj-b-n \n Hcp mkv \S-Ww Fv
FtmSv Bh-iy-sp. Rm Ipdn-p-I Xm-dmn ASp Znhkw mk-v \Sn. ]e {][m-\n-Ifpw AXn kw_-n-n-cpp. Cu
Ipdn-p-I A-Snv {]kn-o-I-cn-Ww F-h \n_-np.
As\ "Cim-Zp CJvhm' F t]cn Ad_n ae-bm-f-n-
AXp {]kn-o-I-cnp. "shn-NmgvN s]cp-m hm kp-v
Fv F-Xn-\p Zi\w' F apJ-p-dnpw sImSpp.
Fm CXn\v apv \S Nne Imcy--fpv. AXp-IqSn ]d-bptmsg hnj-b-n\v ]qX e`nq. Cu N-bpsS NqSv \ne-\ns ]pd-n-d-t Aa-\m Bfp-I Imn-cn-pp. Av
Aa-\m-dns ssIIm-cy-IXrXzw A_vZp--Xz-o^v aue-hn-bn
\nn-]vX-am-bn-cpp. a\m-dn hcm-dp aX-hn-[n-I-sf-p-dnv "^Xmha-\m' (a\m-dns aX-hn-[n-I) FmWv sImSp-mdv. B ew
apgp-h\pw shn-NmgvN s]cp-m F hnj-b-am-bn-cpp. A_vZp-Xzo^v aue-hn-bpsS PpapA th F hmZw m]n-p-I-bm-bncpp B ew. ew ASn \S-p-sIm-n-cns Aa-\m-dns
As amt\-P-dm-bn-cp Ctmfn Al--ZvtImb lmPn Imcyw
a\-n-emn. Atlw A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hnsb kao-]n-p-sImv
Cs\ ]dp: a\m-dnse ^Xvh-I-sf-p-dnv P\w hne-bn-cp-pXv sI.Fw. auehn AS--ap PwC--p De-am-bnse ]WvUnX-kw-L-ns GtIm-]n-p A`n-{]mbw F \ne-mWv. Rm
Adn-n-S-tmfw sI.Fw. auehn \n-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-tmSv
tbmPn-p-n. hyn-]-c-ambn At-l-tmSv ^Xvh tNmZn--hv
Atlw \Inb adp-]Sn \n-fpsS ho-W-n-s\-Xn-cm-sWv
Rm Adnp. AXn-\m Bi-b-p-g-hpw sXn-m-c-Wbpw Hgnhm-m ^Xvh-bpsS NphsS \n-fpsS t] {]tXyIw ImWn-p-Xm-bn-cnpw DNnXw.'' ]s, Ctm-fn-bpsS A`n-{]mbw \nc-kn--sp. Atlw ]nhmn.
CXn-\nsS Rm Xm-dm-nb Ipdn-p-I-fpsS ASn-m-\-n
"Cim-Zp CJvhm' F eLp-te-J-bpsS ssIsb-gpv tImn

157

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hcp Iv klnXw Rm F.sI.bvv sImSpp. In C{]Imcw

FgpXn. ""Cu eLp-teJ {]kn-o-I-cn-m hnNm-cn-pp. hmbn-pt\mn Xmv DNn-X-amb A`n-{]mbw NphsS tcJ-s-Sp-m-hp-XmWv. A\p-Iq-etam {]Xn-Iq-etam BIs. Xm-fpsS A`n-{]mbhpw tNv {]kn-o-I-cn-p--XmWv''.- Rm Fs "kk_o' amkn-I-bn-eqsS {]Jym-]n-Xpw \S-n hcp-n-bXpw FXncm-fn-Iv Fpw Atcm-N-Iam-bn-cp--Xp-amb Cu \bw Fs hfsc ]gb coXn-bm-bn-cpp. amkn-I-tbm-sSmw s]mn-ap-f--X-sv
Aw.
Fm aue-hn-bpsS adp-]-Sn-mbn Rm Bdp-amkw Imncpp. tijw aS-n-hmn. Atlw AXn t]\ Ipn-bn-cp-n.
Rm AXv {]kn-o-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm aue-hn-bm-Is,{]kvXpX s]cp-m-fns shn-bmgvN ]Xn-hp-t]mse PpapA \akvImcw \S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp!
Hcp Imcyw hnp-t]mbn. F.sI.bpsS {]kvXpX JpXz-v_ \S shn-bmgvN Ppap-Av tijw Rm\pw F.hnbpw CSn-b--c-bn-ep
As sI.F.Fw. B^o-kn hp. F.hn. kz-lolv apkvenw FSpv Hcp lZokv F\nv ImWn-p-Xp. ""\pAvam\p_v\p
_io-dn \nv \nth-Z\w: \-_n- - shn-bmgvN PpapA \a-kvIm-cn kqd-X-p AAvem (kn-lnkva)bpw kqd-p Kminb
(l-A-Xm-)bpw HmXn-bn-cpp. s]cp-m \a-kvIm-c-nepw AXpcpw HmXn-bn-cpp. shn-bmgvN s]cp-m-fm-b-tm cp \akvIm-c--fnepw Cu kqd-Xp-I Xs HmXp-I-bp-mbn''.Imcyw Kpcp-X-c-am-Wtm. auehn ]m-f--n-bn Xs Dm-Ipsav Rp-d-m-bn-cpp. da-fm-\n shn-bmgvN ]n-bn Xpw. i\n-bmgvN cmhnse hon-tev aSpw. AXmWv At-l-ns ]Xnhv. B Dd-n R-fn-cp-hcpw tNv Hcp Iv aue-hnv
sImSp--bp. Atlw hp. Cu lZokv ImWn-p-sIm-Spp.
hmbn--tijw kp_vlm-\-mlv, Alw-Zp-en-mlv, AkvX-Kv^n-dpmlv Fn-s\ sNmn. Fnv Atlw ]dp: ""Rm s\bve
- - p
HuXz-m-dnse- lZo-kns shfn--n-emWv JpXv_ \S-n-bXv. AXnt\-m-tfsd {]_-e-s sXfn-hp--tm AXn-tev aS-pI
Xs. ASp shn-bmgvN thXv sNmw. Atm _pJm-cn-bn \npw Hcp hnjbw Rm\pw {i-bns]-Spn. Dkvams

158

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Imev Hcn- shn-bmgvN s]cp-m hp. s]cp-m JpXv_-bn Dkvam ]dp; Zqc-Zn-p-I-fn \npw CuZv \a-kvIm-cn\v h-h Ppap-Apw hv _pn-ap-n-sm--W-sa-n. PpapA Ignp aSmw F \nev Imn-cn--W-sa-p-an. Ah
hoSp-I-fn fpl \a-kvI-cn-m aXn-bm-Ip--XmWv. Rm Ahv
A\p-hmZw sImSp-n-cn-pp.'' ("^JZv AZnXp-elp'- Fm-WvhmNIw)
kzlm-_n-I-fpsS henb Hcp kZ-n-emWv Atlw CXv {]Jym-]n-Xv. Aao-dp apAvan\o F \ne-bn CXn\v XnI HutZymKnI kz`m-hhpw hp. kzlm-_n-I-fpsS CPvamAv (GI-WvT-amb
A`n-{]mbw) CPvam-D-I-fpsS Iq-n Ghpw {]_-e-s--XmWv.
]WvUn-X-m-cpsS CPvamAv, Xzm_n-D-I-fpsS CPvamAv Fsms
]d-bp--Xn-t\-m Db-Xm-sW-w. ImcWw \_nbpambn
t\cn kw ]pep-Ibpw Ahn-Ss Xncp-sam-gn-Ifpw {]h-\-fpw t\cn ImWp-Ibpw Pohn-X-n AXv Dsm-pIbpw sNbvX-h-cm-Wtm kzlm-_n-I.- Ah \nd-n-cn-p
kZv. Ahn-sS-bmWv Dkvams Cu {]Jym-]\w. CXn-\n-S-bn
bmsXmcp i_vZhpw kZ-n \npw Dbn. i\pw [oc\pw
hnm-\-`Wv-vUm-c-hp-am-bn-cp Das\tmepw tNmZyw sNm
ss[cyw ImWn h\n-X-I Pohn B kaqlw Dkvam s
{]Jym-]\w \nXm \ni-_vZ-X-tbm-sS -tI-n-cp--tm AXn-t\-m Db Hcp sXfnhv tXSn-tm-Im Bv Ignbpw?
Imcy- t_m[y-s \ne-bn F.sI. aSn. ASp shnbm-gvN-n-S-bn Hcp Znhkw Rm ]m\q-cn-ep aue-hn-bpsS `mcymKr-l-n sNv At-ls In-cpp. Iptd-t\cw kwkm-cnv
Ccpp. Atmgpw ASp BgvN,- ]d-p-d--Xp-t]mse Atlw
Hcp-n-bn-cn-p--Xm-bn-mWv F\nv a\-n-em-bXv. ASp shnbmgvN cmhnse Atlw tImgn-tmSv Fn-b-tm ]ecpw Cu
hnjbw At-l-hp-ambn kwkm-cn-n-cpp. aX-cw-Kv CXv Hcp kPoh N-bm-bn-cpp Fv kmcw. Fm GtXm \ne-bn Hcp ss]im-NnI kzm[o-\-n\v Zu`m-Ky-h-im Fs _lp-am-\y-kp-lrv
hiw-h-Z-\mtbm?! As\ ZpxJn-m-hp \ne-bn-emWv Imcy-
\S-Xv. Atlw Xs aphmZw JpXz-v_-bn Bhnp! Fm Av PpapA \S-pI hgn Xs A`n-{]m-b-n-s\-Xn-cn icn-

159

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bmb {]h\w Xs \S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp! ApXw!

Cu hnjbw Rm hni-Zo-I-cnv ]d--Xn ]e Dt-iy--fpapv. hmb-\-mv ]T-\ml--fmb ]eXpw CXn ImWpw.
F{X henb ]WvUn-X\m-bm-e-pw Nne-tm ]nimNv he-bn IpSpn-sbv hcmw. sNdn-b-hcpw hen-b-hcpw kZm kqvaX ]men-t ]mT-apv CXn. AZr-iy-tem-Iv a\p-jys i{Xp-hmb ssiXzm kZm PmK-cq-K-\mWv F t_m[w \s \bn-t--Xpv.
A_-- kw`-hnmw. hgn-am-dn-tmImw. ]s, AXv Xncn-pIn-n-bm ]ns Hpw sshI-cpXv. aS-Ww. Zpc-`n-am-\-n-stbm
atm Zu_-ey- kzm[o-\n-msX t\mWw. Am-lp-hns
ZoIm-cy- ]d-bp-tm kXy-ns Ig-n-\mWv \mw apXqw sImSp-t-Xv. F\npw \npw Ccw hogvN-I
kw`-hnmw. hotW-Sp \npw \mw DSs\ Fgp-tWw. Nne-
]cn-l-knv Nncn-tmw. AXn\v hne I]n--cpXv. hotW-Sv
InSv Dcp-f-cpXv Fv kmcw. Amlp \ap-t-hpw kXy-n-sbpw hn\-b-n-sbpw a\v \Ip-am-dm-Is.
{in-t asmcp hnj-bhpw CXn Ds-Spp. apPm-lnZv
{]m-\-nse ]WvUn-X-m Hcp {]tXyI N-q-Sn-\-Iv IpSpn \np--htcm AS-n-n-S-p--htcm A. AXm-bXv BZyw
apXt Ahn-S-bn Hcp Ccp-p-ad krjvSn--s-n-n-m-bn-cpp. kzX-{-amb Nnbpw ]T-\hpw ]cn-tim-[-\bpw \S-p-Ibpw
AX-\p-k-cn-p X-fpsS ho-W- {]I-Sn-n-p--h-cp-am-Wh. {]tXy-Inv Nne I-imkv{X hnj-b--fn Nne-tm ]WvUn-X-mn-S-bn Nne Imcy--fn hoW hyXym-k- Dmsbv hcmw. kzm`m-hn-I-amb Ccw `n-X-I nc-amb \ne-]mSm-bn-sm--W-sa-n. Kth-j-W-kw-_--amWv Ah. AXv ka-\zbn-n-m-\p {ia- hnm-\a-WvU-e--fn \S-m-dp-apv.
]e-Xpw hnP-bn-n-pv. NneXv hnP-b-n Iem-in--Xp-an. Xh-fsb sImm ]mSptm F hnjbw CXn\v Hcp DZm-l-c-W-amWv.
AXv ]noSv ]dbmw. Npcp--n Ckz-vemlo ]WvUn-X-m
hnm-\-ho-Yn-bn A]-I-S-I-c-amb XJveo-Zn \npw tamN\w
t\Sn-b-h-cmWv.
kt`m-Nn-X-ambn Hp-IqSn ]d-tb--Xpv. I-im-kv{X-]-camb Ccw Nne ho-W-hy-Xym-k- Hcn-epw BZi-hy-Xn-

160

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bm-\-ambn hne-bn-cp--cpXv. B \ne-bn ]dpw {]N-cn-npw

Btcbpw tXtPm-h[w sNm {ian--cpXv. ASp--Im-e-mbn
\psS {]m-\-cw-Kv Nne A\m-imky {]h-W-X-I Xe-s]mp- - X mbn ZpxJ- t msS Rm t\mn- m- W pp. apIme
]WvUn-X-mn-S-bnepw ho-W-hy-Xym-k- hn-cp--Xmbn
\mw a\-n-em-Ww. aX-cw-Kpw cmjv{Sob Nn-bnepw CXv kw`hn-n-pv. ]s Ah-cmcpw ]c-kv]cw tXtPm-h[w sNmt\m BZi-{`wiw- Btcm-]n-p-hmt\m apXnn-n. kv{XoIv PpapA
\n_--amWv F hmZw hfsc in-bmbn Fgp-Xn-hn Hcp henb
]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp Fw.kn.kn. AlvaZv auehn. Hcp Kpcp-\m-Ys
BZ-c-thmsS Rm _lp-am-\n-p hyn-bm-bn-cpp Atlw.
]s, At-l-ns hmZw k-Xnp sImSp-m hn\o-X-\mb
F\nv Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n. Atlw hmZn--Xn-t\-m IqSp-X
in-bn- Rm AXns\ FXnp. "Fw.kn.kn. AlvaZv aue-hnbpsS ]pXnb hmZ-'- F Xe-hm-N-I-n Aa-\m amkn-Ibn Rm XpS-bmbn JWvU\w FgpXn. Bcpw sNdn-b-h-\mb
Fs Bt-]n-n. hen-b-h-\mb aue-hnsb Ip-s-Sp-n-b-Xpan. R Xn Am-c-W-m bmsXmcp ]nW-hpw Dmbn-cp-n-- Xm\pw. Bfp-I cp-`m-Khpw hmbnp bmYmyw {Klnp. Fm Fw.kn.kn. AlvaZv auehn Xs hmZw ]noSv
Bhn--Xp-an. henb a\p-jy-cpsS kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-bm-WXv.
]s, BZi hyXn-bm\w kw`-hn-m CS-bp Nne taJ-eI \psS ta kzm[o\w sNep-m {ian-p-pv. \ap-n-Sbn Infnv hcp Nne \qX\ hnj-b--fpsS thcp-I hfsc
AI-se-bm-Wp--sXv Adn-bm Nnev Ign-bmsX t]mbn-pv.
NnIp NnIp t]mbm kntbm-Wn-k-ns tI{--fn-emWv
CXns IS-\np--sXv a\-n-emIpw. Ncn-{X-]m-T- {inpI- am{X-amWv CXn-m-hiyw. "Fm \_n-ampw A-cm-h-Im-inI Dv. Fs A-cm-h-Imin Aen BIpp' Fv \_n ]d-Xmbn Hcp blqZn sInbp-m-n- {]N-cn-n I lZokv Cu
kap-Zm-b-n Dm-nb hn\-I F{X `bm-\-I-am-bn-cp-p-shv
\mw HmWw. blq-Z-cpsS Cu hnj-hnv hfv Csmcp cmjv{Sambn Xs temIv \ne-sIm-pp. inbm kpn kwL--\-fpw Iem-]-fpw XpS-Y-t]mse \s Cpw ]np-S-cp-Xv

161

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ImWp-nt? F{X-sb{X bp-fpw Iq-sm-e-Ifpw Cu kap-Zmbw Gp-hmn!- JmZn-bm-\nkw F aXw Xs ChnsS krjvSn-s-nt! kam dpivZnbpw Xkveo-am \kvdo\pw Cu kap-Zm-b-n \npw Dm-bnt? tNI-q aue-hn-sb Hcp ]WvUn-X
aptJ\ \mw A\p-`-hn aX-]-chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb bmX-\-I
Fsm-s-bm-bn-cpp? Cu km[p-hmb Rm\pw t]meo-kns t\mp-n-bmbn tNmZyw sN-sp. As\ F{X-sb{X sNdpXpw hepXp-amb ZpxJ-! bmX-\-I! Fm-n-sbpw thcp-I PqXm-bn-kn \np-Xs.
""{]t_m-[\ hnP-b-n\v s]mXp Xm]-cy-ta-Je Is-pI''.Cu Xe-hm-N-I-n 99s Ah-km-\-n sF.Fkv.Fw. apJ-]-{Xamb i_m-_n Hcp ]{Xm-[n-]-p-dnv hp. Cu Xe-hm-NIw hmbn-tm Xs Rm sRn. kntbm-Wn-k-n\v hfhpw \ocpw \In kwc-n-p Ata-cn--bn \npw Cn-j-b-I-ambn GtXm
apkvenw kwL-S-\-bpsS _m\-dn Hcp ]pkvXIw cNn--s-n-psv Hcp kplrv FtmSv ]d-n-cp-Xv Hm-hp. apkvenwI {]t_m-[\ hnj-b-n Jp-B-\n-tbpw \_n-N-cy-bp-sSbpw
ssien-bmWv ]n]-t-Xv F Imcyw Fm-hcpw k-Xn-p-sanepw AXn \njvIj ]pep kwLw ke-^n-I am{XamWv.
Jp-B ]d-bpp: ""\n\v apv h apgp-h ssZh-Zq-X-mpw \mw Hcp ktiw \Im-Xn-cp-n-n,- Fs-m, \n-b-ambpw Rm\-msX bmsXm-cm-cm-[y\pan-spw AXn-\m F\nv
am{Xw Bcm-[\ An--W-sapw D Iev]-\-bs{X AXv''-. aplZv \_n C{]-Imcw Adn-bnp:- ""Rm\pw F\nv apv Ign-pt]mb apgp-h {]hm-N-I-mcpw \S-nb {]t_m-[-\--fn Ghpw
apJy-am-bXv Amlp AmsX asm-cm-[y-\p-an F kt-i-am-Ipp.'' ke-^n-I-fpsS {]t_m-[\ amK-ns apJyt{kmXv CXn
\nmWv. \qm-p-Iv tijw apkvenw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS
cmjv{Sob Zptam-lhpw ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS `uXn-tI--Ifpw \nanw
Cu {]t_m-[-\-co-Xnv X-tap-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS
[mcmfw Awi- kap-Zm-bs s]mXn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-tm,
AX-\p-k-cnv Htsd kmaq-lnI A\m-Nm-c-fpw hyXykvX cq]n apkvenw-I-fpsS Pohn-X-ssi-en-bm-bn-op. Jp-B\pw

162

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lZokpw Ah-K-Wn--sp. kap-Zmbw A-hn-izm-k--fp-sSbpw

A\m-Nm-c--fp-sSbpw ImtaL- ]S-e--fm aqS-sp.
AXn-Kp-cp-X-c-amb Cu {]Xn-k-n-bn-emWv Ckvem-anI \thm-m\-ns Imlfw apg-n-smv almNn-I\pw ]WvUn-X-\p-amb
apl--Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm_v cwK-{]-thiw sNbvXXv. inv
_nZv-A-p-Is-Xn-cn Atlw \S-nb XymK-kp-c-`n-ea-mb
Dz-e-t]m-cm--amWv XuloZv {]Nm-c-W-cw-Kv ]p-\p-Wv Dmn-bXv. At-l-ns i_vZw apkvenw temIv in-bmbn ASnp-hoin. bmYm-n-XnI ]WvUnX tIma-c-fpw apkvenw `c-Wm-[nIm-cn-Ifpw Hnv At-ls Xn--dp. ]s, B Xncn-\mfw
AW-n. hfp-bp-h-cp Xulo-Zns a[p-c-\mZw hnZq-c-`mhn-bn X-fpsS temIm-[n-]-Xy-n\v I\ `oj-Wn-bm-Ip-sav
{_nojv `c-W-Iq-Shpw Ah-cpsS inn-Sn-Ifpw aW--dnp. Ahn-izm-k-n\v ASn-s-Sp-Ibpw A\m-Nm-c-sf ]pW-cp-Ibpw sNp hnh-c-tZm-jn-I-fmb kaq-ls Bpw X-fpsS kzm-em-`n-mbn Xncnpw adnpw D]-tbm-Kn-m Hcp Imepw _pn-apv
Dm-bn-n. Fm Am-lp-hns\ am{Xw Bcm-[n-p--hcpw Aht\mSv am{Xw {]mn-p--hcpw Am-lp-hns\ am{Xw c-I-\mbn
kzoI-cn-p--h-cp-am-b- Hcp P\-Xsb ]nSn-p-sI-m Hcp `uXn-I-inpw Ign-bn. Ah F{X sNdnb kwL-am-bmepw icn. temI-Ncn{Xw Cu bmYmyw sXfn-bn-p-pv. Ncn-{X-a-dn-bm-hp {_nojv `c-Wm-[n-]-mcpw Cu bmYmyw I-dnp. Ah XuloZv
{]m-\-n-s\-Xn-cn Hfnpw sXfnpw B{I-a-W- Agnp- h np. {_no- j p- I m- c \Inb Bt- ] - \ m- a - a mWv hlm_n
aqhvsa v. hlm_n aqhvsans\ Ah Fpw `b-sp. bYm
Ckvem-anI aptw AXn-eq-sS-bm-sWv Ah a\-n-emn. Fm
dpjvZn-ampw Xkveo-a-ampw JmZn-bm-\n-k-n\pw A`-b-tI-{ambn e\pw ]mm-Xy-\-K-c-fpw Cpw \ne-sIm-pp. Cu
XW-en Ckvem-anI t{Zml {]h-\- Imem-Im-e--fn
Bhn-jvI-cn PqXm-bnkw AXv Fhn-sSbpw Ah-km-\n-n-n. Ahkm-\n-n-p-I-bp-an. \mw Adn-bmsX \psS a\-p-Isf kzm[o-\np km-n-Ihpw Bi-b-]-c-hp-amb Htsd taJ-e-I CXn-\pv. Hmdn-b-en-p-I F t]cn Ip{]-kn-n-bmn ]WvUnX-m, Poh-Im-cpWy {]h-\-v- \ntem`w ]W-sa-dn-bp

163

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

k kwL-, hnZym-`ymk ]ptcm-K-Xnv hn kvtImfjnp-I \Ip \qX\ tI{-, imkv{X Kth-j-W-v

]np- W bpw klm- b - h p- t a- I p {]m- \ - , Fgp- p- I msc
t{]mm-ln-n-p AhmUv \o- Fn-s\ kmaq-lnI
Pohn-X-ns kI-e-am\ taJ-e-I-fn-tepw hyXykvX cq]-`m-h-tfmsS kntbm-Wnkw IS-p-h-cp-pv. `qX--m-Sn-bn-eqsS t\mnbmepw ImWm Zpcq-l-amb AWp-_m-[-I! CXn \nsmw
tamN\w t\Sm Gsd {]bm-k-am-Wv. Htc-sbmcp amK-ta-bp-q.
Am-lp-hns ]miw apdpsI ]nSn-pI. apl-Zv \_nbpsS
Ncysb BZyw IWn-i-ambn ]np-S-cpI. GXp {]Xn-k-n-bnepw
F{X Zpcq-l-amb kzm[o-\-ta-J-e-I-fn \npw AXv \s cn-pw.
AXym-[p-\n-I-tem-Iv kntbm-Wn-k-ns Ghpw anI-Xpw
Bkq-{Xn-X-hp-amb Bi-b-ssi-en-bmWv \mw apI-fn IXv. temIp apgp-h ke^n aqhvsan-t\bpw bn-n-m\pw `nn-np
XIm\pw i{Xp- Gsd Xe-]p-Iv Btem-Nnv cq]-s-Spnb Hcp Nnm-[m-c-bmWv ""{]t_m-[\ hnP-b-n\v s]mXp Xm-]cy-ta-Je'' Is-p-I-sb Bibw. CXv \Kv\-amb BZi hyXnbm-\-am-sWv Is-m Hcp {]bm-k-hp-an. \_n-Ncy F- alXz-]q-amb D-c--n- Dc-p-t\m--W-sav am{Xw. ]-s, `uXnI-amb t\-fpw ImgvN-m-Sp-Ifpw a\-n Xmfw- ]n-Sn-p--h-cntev Nne-tm Cu Dc--ns A\n-hm-cyX Fn-t\m-p-I-bn.
]nimNv AZr-iy-tem-I-n-cpv a\p-jys ]mX-bn app hnX-dnsm-n-cn-p-sa t_m[hpw AXn-ep kqva-Xbpw Cm-Xmbm ]nim-Nns ]S-bm-fn-Iv Imcyw Ffp--amIpw.
\mp-{]-am-Wn-am-cpsS A\p-`mhw, P\-{]nbw CsXms Bcpw
tamln-v t]m-Ip Imcyw -Xs. am\p-jn-I-amb Zu_eyw. {]hm-NI-m t]mepw CXn \npw Nne-tm ]qW--ambn tamNn-X-cm-Ipn-s-nepw a\p-jyv amXr-Im-]p-cp-j-m-cmbn \ntbm-Kn-X-cmb
ssZh-Zq-X-msc ssZhw Xs t\cnp Imp-sImpw. A-tm
]mfn--Isf Ii-\-ambn Xncpn Amlp Ahsc aptmv \bnpw. {]hm-NI Ncn-{X-f
- n Hcp-]mSv DZm-lc
- W
-
- \apv ImWmw.
Ana {]hm-N-I\pw temI-P-\-Xbvv amXr-I-bp-ambn Amlp \ntbm-Kn apl-Zv \_nbpsS {]t_m-[\ Pohn-X-n t]mepw
Ccw kw`-h- sXfn-p-In-S-pp. \mnse ]ucy-ap-Jy-msc

164

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xs {]t_m-[\ kwcw-`--tfmSv A\p-\-bn-n-m {]hm-N-I Hcn Hcp {iaw \Sn. X{-{]-[m-\-amb B kw`m-jW kZ-n-tev Zcn-{Z-\mb Hcp A Ib-dn-hp. ]Tn-m h B hnZym-n-tbmSv {]hm-N-I\v teiw \ockw tXmn. \_n apJw Npfnp.
At-l-ns hchpw Bh-iy-ap--bn-epw A\-h-k-c-n-em-sWv \_nv tXmn. XnIpw kzm`m-hn-I-amb Hcp am\p-jn-I-hn-Imcw
am{X-amWv \_nbn \npw Atm-gp-m-bXv.
Fm Am-lp-hns AXn-i--amb imk-\v {]hm-N-I
hnt[-b-\mbn. cl-ky-am-bn-. ]c-ky-am-bn--s. temIm-h-km\w
hsc \ne-\np-Ibpw ]mcm-bWw sN-s-Sp-Ibpw hnizm-kn-I
]mcm-b-W-n-eqsS ]pWyw km-Zn-p-Ibpw sNp Jp-B-\ns
hN-\--fm-bn-sm-mWv B imk\ Ah-X-cn-n--s-Xv. "A_k' F Jp-B-\nse 80mw- Aymbw {in-pI.
""At-l-ns (\_n-bpsS) ASp- B A h-Xn-\m
Atlw apJw Npfnv Xncn-p-I-fp. ({]hm-N-Itc) \n\v F-dnbmw? Abm (A) Hcp thf ]cn-ipn {]m]n-t-m-atm?
As-n D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw B D]-tZiw Abmv
{]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvtX-m-atm. Fm kzbw-]-cym-]vXX
\Sn--h-\m-Is,- \o Ahs t\sc {i-Xn-cn-pp. Ah ]cn-ipn
{]m]n-m-Xn-cn-p--Xn-\m \n\-s-mWv tZmjw? Fm (Am-lp-hns\) `b-s-p-sImv \ns-b-Sp- HmSn-h--h-\m-Is,
Ahs Imcy-n \o A{i ImWn-pp.'' (A_k 110)
apl-Zv \_n ssZh-Zq-X-\m-sWpw Jp-B Znhy-t_m-[-\-amsWpw t_m[y-am-Im klm-bn-p i-amb hN-\--fm-WnXv.
Hcp kXy-{]-hm-N-I\v am{Xta Xs-s ITn-\-ambn imkn-p
Cu hN-\- ASn P\-v HmXn-sm-Sp-p-hm Ignbq.
PqXm-bnkw X{-]qw \ap-n-S-bn-tev Xncp-In--b-m {ianp s]mXp-Xm--]cy taJ-e-p Jp-B-\ns i-amb ap-dnbn-m-WnXv. Jp-B Znhy-t_m-[\w Xs-sb ]c-a-amb kXyw
ChnsS t_m[y-s-Spp. kzbw-]-cym-]vXX \Sn--h F {]tbm-Kw
{in-pI. \mp-ap-Jy F-v Ah-Im-i-s-Sp--h-sc-p-dn-mWo
{]tbmKw. P\--fm BZ-cn--s-Sp Ccw {]am-Wn-amsc {]oXns-Sp-nbpw kzm[o-\npw P\--fpsS CjvSw km-Znv Ahn-Sbn-tev Cd-n-s-m-\p Ffp--hgn s]mXp-Xm]cy taJ-e-bp-

165

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sS Hm-as ]mew-sI--emWv. Cu ]me-ns Hm-as XqWv

Xs Jp-B XIp-I-f-bpp!
{]hm-N-I-m-cpsS {]t_m-[\ ssien-bn \npw {]t_m-[-Isc
X{-]qw AI-p-Ibpw AXn-eqsS Ckvem-ans aqe-{]-am-W-amb
XuloZv {]t_m-[\ {]h-\--fnse ASn-d BIm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp Cu \qX\ Bibw in -{]m-]n-p-tm Ckvemans BZi-]-c-amb hyXn-cn-X {ItaW A{]-Xy--am-Ip-Ibpw
apkvenw-I tIhew Imt\-jp-am-cn-q--ambn `hn-p-I-bp-am-Wp-mIpI. PqXm-bn-k-ns ]mc-cy i{XpX ChnsS hnP-b-smSn ]mdnp-Ibpw sNpw. Atm Xulo-Zns\ {]t_m-[-\-ns apJy-ine-bmbn Dbn-m-p ke^o {]m-\-sf X-tan-p-IX-s-thWw. ap hn`m-K-sf Imcy-ambn {in-t--Xn, Ah
hfsc apv Xs XuloZv ssIsb-m-gn--h-cmWv, CXmWv ]n-imNns X{w.
Cu X{w aW--dn kpDuZn Atd-_y-bnse {]kn ke-^n
]WvUn-X-\mb ssiJv d_oAv_v\p lmZo A aZvJen cNn Hcp
{K-ns ae-bmf hnh\w "{]hm-N-I-m-cpsS {]t_m-[\w'F t]cn {]kn-o-I-cn--s-n-pv. AXn Ckvem-ans t]cnep Nne {]t_m-[I kwL--fpsS hyXn-bm-\-sf \ymb-amb
\ne-bn hnain-p-pv. s]mXp Xm]-cy-ta-Je Isn {]t_m-[\w \S-p-hm B{K-ln-p--h, Amlp {]hm-N-Is\ XmoXv sNbvX Jp-B-\nse hN-\- {in-s.
""\n-b-ambpw \n\v t_m[\w \In-bn-p--Xn \npw
\ns sXn-p-I-f-bm Ah Hcp-n-bn-cn-pp,- \o \psS ta
AX-m hXpw sIn--a-p-hm thn. Atm Ah \ns
an{X-ambn kzoI-cn-pI Xs sNpw. \ns \mw Dd-np \nnbn-n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n \nbw \o Ah-cn-tev Ipd-sms Nmp-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cpp.- Fn Pohn-X-nepw Ccn in, ac-Wnepw Ccn in. AXm-bn-cnpw \mw \ns Bkz-Zn-n-pI. ]noSv \ap-s-Xn-cn \n\v klmbw \Im bmsXm-cp--s\bpw
\o I-p-I-bn.'' (CkvdmAv 73-75)
i_m-_nse ta]-d apJ-{]-kw-K-n-s\-Xn-cn kk-_o
amkn-Ib
- psS ASp-e
-
-
- n Xs (99 \hw-_) Rm i-ambn
{]Xn-I-cnp. AXn\v Fs t{]cn-n-Xv Xmsg ]d-bp {]kn--amb

166

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lZo-kmWv. \_n ]d. ""Zo Fm Iqdp-]m-en--em-Ipp.

Btcm-SmWv {]hm-N-Itc,- Iqdp-]m-en-t-Xv? Fv tNmZn--sp.
Atm adp-]Sn: Am-lp-hn-t\mSpw Ahs {K-tmSpw Ahs
{]hm-N-I-t\mSpw apkvenw `cW\mb-I-m-tcmSpw apkvenw _lp-P-\-tfmSpw (Iqdp ]men-pI)''.Zqc-hym-]-I-amb Zpjv^-e--fpsS Hcp sh-mw Xs Cu apJ{]-kw-K-ns A\--c-^-e-ambn `hn-p-sav Rm `b-s-Spp.
Rm DSs\ "Ghpw {][m\w' F Xe-hm-N-I-n Hcp sNdnb
teJ-\-sa-gpXn i_m-_n-tev Abp. BgvN-I Imn-cpp. AXv
{]kn--s-Sp-m Ah Xr]vXn ImWn-p-n-sv tXmn-btm ASp--ew kk-_o-en AXv tNm Rm Xocp-am\np. B Imcyw F-s\tbm Ah aW--dnp. Atm Ah
AXv {]kn--s-Spn. ChnsS kZp-tiyw am{X-am-Wp-Xv. sXp-Ifn-tev Bcpw hgpXn hogmw. AXv I-dn--h X-k-a-bv
{]Xn-I-cn-m ]e-tmgpw KpW-^-e-am-Wp-m-hpI. ]c-ky-ambn FgpXp-Itbm ]d-bp-Itbm sNbvX Hcp hnj-b-ns tZmj-^-e-
]c-ky-am-bn- Xs FSp-p-]-d-b apkvenw kaq-l-tmSv Iqdp-]men-pI F XXz-n s]Spp. hgp-Xn- ho-Wmepw CS-d-n- ho-Wmepw Bsc-nepw Dn- ho-gvn-bmepw Fgp-tv \nhv \nm
{ian-Ww. AXmWv t_m[-ap a\-ns ISa.
apJ-{]-kw-K-n\v Hcp teJ-\-t-m henb {]m[m-\y-ap-tm. ]mn-bpsS BZi-am-W-sX-mWv AXns Aw. kp_vlm\-mlv! ]mn C-s\-bm-bn-tmtbm Fv Rm hyk-\np. CXns\ hfm \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo ]ncn-p-hn-tS Bhiyw
hcn, AXv s]mXpsh kaq-l-n ebn-p-t]mIpw. sI.F.Fw.
m]n--hcpw AXns\ {ia-sv hfn-b-hcpw ]c-temI {]m]vXcmbn. Hcp k]-`m-h-\-tbmsS ]d-bs, B alm-m Hn-hnsS
aS-n-h-nv R-fp-m-nb sI.F.Fw. Fhn-sS-sbv tNmZn-m, Hmtlm! AXns Imew Ign-p-t]m-btm Fv adp-]Sn e`npw.
m\-tam-l-fpw [\-tam-l-epw hni cp sNm-bv-sftm-se-bm-sWpw BnIq--n-tev Agn-p-hn-m B sNmbv BSp-Isf \in-n-p--Xn-t\-m thK-X-bn Cu cp
taml-fpw a\p-jys Zo\ns\ \in-np If-bp-sa-p-ap \_n-hN\w F{X kXyw!

167

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ipn-Iv kw`-hn-p Nnm-]-c-amb ]mfn--Isf hfcmA\p-h-Zn-msX apXn-h XS-bWw. hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn XS-bWw.

tZmj-^ew Ahsc Ncn{X ]mT--fn-eq-sSbpw B\p-Im-enI kw`-h-fn-eq-sSbpw t_m[y-s-Sp-Ww. Ahsc Xncpn t\cmb ]mX-bneqsS Nen-n-Ww. \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zos t\Xr-Xzhpw ]WvUnX-m-cpsS kwLhpw Iqmbn CXn\v {ian-s. Dt-iy-ip-nv
kZv^ew \Ip--h-\mWv Amlp. Cu hb--\mb F\nv Ahi-amb Ah--bn C\n IqSp-X-sempw Ign-bn. Am-lpth!Fs BZi IpSpw-_-nse av kZv_pn {]Zm\w sNtWta!- Ah-cpsS Ic- in-s-Sp-p-Ibpw B in-bn-eqsS
XuloZv {]m\w hfcm- \o DXhn \Ip-I-b-pw- sN-t--Wta.1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

25
Xdm-holpw Rm\pw
]gb Nne hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z--fpsS hnh-c- hni-Zo-I-cn Iq-n ]d-tb Hcp Imcy-ap-m-bn-cpp. AXv Fs hyn-]-c-ambn
_m[n-p--XmWv. Ctm Hm-bn HmSn--b-dn-b-Xp-sImv ChnsS Ipdn-pp. sImSn-b-q-cn {]apJ kpn ]W-v-Un-X-\mb ]d-h sI.]n.F. sambvXoIpn apkven-bm \bn hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-nse hnjbw Da Xdm-ho-l-v Ccp-]Xv dIv-Av \S-n hcpn
F-Xm-bn-cp-p-htm. Xs hmZw sXfn-bn-m Ign-bmsX Atlw ]cm-Pn-X-\mbn. kpn-I alm \mW-t-Sn-embn. ImcWw, AhcpsS Iq-n {]kn--\m-bn-cpp ]d-h apkven-bm. Cu hmZ-{]Xn-hmZw Ignp Ipd-p-\mv tij-amWv Rm ]m-f--n-bn
JXz-o-_mbn m\-ta-Xv. ]m-f--n-bpsS {]kn-nbpw {]m[m-\yhpw Am-ev {]tXyI hnj-b-am-bn-cpp. AhnsS BZys aebmf JpXz-v_-bpsS B F \ne-bn ae-_m-dnse hnhn[ `mK-fn \np-ambn Fn Ppap-A-bn ]s-Sp-p--h-cpsS \mhn-eqsS
Fs t]cpw ae-_m-dn ]cs {]N-cn-n-cpp. ]n-bpsS {]i-kvXn-bn-eqsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Fs t] ap--hn-S-bn hfsc
]cn-Nn-X-ambn Fp am{Xta CXn\v A-apq. B-{]-iw-k-b
CXp-aqew Rm Dt-in-p-Xv. ITn-\-ambn t{Zmln--s Hcp kw`-

168

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

h-ns ]m-e
-- -amWv \nsf Adn-bn-p-Xv.
sImSn-b-q hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n-te Xncn--Sn-bn \npw tamN\w t\Sm Ah X{w sa\-bp-I-bm-bn-cpp. ]m-f--n-bn Rm
J-Xz-o_v Bbn h-tXmsS Xdm-holv Fpw aqpw ]Xn-s\mv dIvAv \S-n-emn. tImgn-tmSpw ]cn-k-cpw CXv ]pXnb kw`-ham-bn-cpp. \a-kvIm-c-n henb kqd-p-I HmXepw ka-b-saSpv kmh-[m-\-n \a-kvI-cn-epw \nanw \mn-sem-sbpw
AsXmcp IuXp-I-hm-bm-bn-op. ]cn-k-c-{]-tZ-i--fn \npw Bfp-I Xdm-ho-ln ]s-Sp-m ]m-f--n-bn-tev {]hln-p-Xp-Sn. Am-ev hS-Ic Ppam-Av ]n-bn \S-p-h-ncp Zkn apZ--c-nkv Bbn-cp-Xv kpn-I-fn {]i-kvX-\mb
Iqmbn _mhapkvenbm Bbn-cpp. At-l-ns t\Xr-Xz-n
apkvenbm- Hcp tbmKw IqSn. hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ XI-bpsS am\t-Sn \npw apJw cn-m-\p amKw Bcm-p-sImv hfsc \o N-I \Sp. HSp-hn GtXm Ip_p-n-bpsS Xe-tmdn Ffp--amb Hcp amKw DZnp. ]m-f--n-bnse Xdm-ho-lns
ad-]n-Snv Fs Icp-hmn Hcp I-Y ]S-p-mn. AXmWv
\n-fn A[n-I-t]cpw tIp-sIm-n-cn-p "aZo-\s Da Xdmholv Ccp-]Xv Bn-sb-n shfn-b-tms Da CXm Fm-n-bn-cnpp'- FXv.- Rm C{]Imcw {]-Jym-]n-p-sh-mWv Btcm-]n-s-Xv. apkvenbm- ]n-I-fn-eq-sSbpw aX-{]-kw-K-th-Zn-I-fn-eqsSbpw CXv {]N-cn--np XpSn. hm Fs sNhn-bnepw Fn.
Rm A-cp! F\nv Ie-i-emb hnj-a-ap-mbn. Fsmcp `bm-\I-amb Ifhv!- cv t\-amWv Ah CXv aptJ\ ey-an-Xv. aZo\s Da shfn-b-tms Da Fn-s\ Xpey-s-Spn ]dp.
At-b-s [mjvSy-am-Wtm Cu {]tbmKw. IqSmsX Da
Ccp-]Xv dIv-Av \S-n-em-n-bn-n-sv \ icnpw sXfn-bn-ncp-tm. sImSn-b-q hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n-eqsS Amcyw \mSmsI
Adn-b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm Rm Ah-cpsS hmZw k-Xn-pshv Cu hmp-I-fn-eqsS hcp-Ww. ISp [nm-cn-Ifpw A-l-mcn-I-fp-amWv hlm-_n-I Fv P\- a\-n-em-Ww. Cu hymP
{]Nm-c-W-n\v Fs Bbp-[-am-n-bXv cp Imc-W--fmem-Wv.
Hv, t]cn-ep tbmPnv. cv. ae-_m-dn Ghpw {it-b-amb
]m-f--n-bnse Xdm-ho-lv Rm\m-Wtm AhnsS Fpw aqpw ]Xn-

169

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s\mv \S-n-em-n-bXpw AXn\v t\XrXzw sImSp-p-Xpw. {]kwK--fn-eq-sSbpw cN-\-I-fn-eq-sSbpw Rm Cu I-Y in-bmbn

\ntj-[np. Bcv hI-sh-m! \mSp-I-fn \npw \mSp-I-fn-tev
Ah CXv {]N-cn-n-p-sIm-n-cpp. ae-bm-fn-I temIv Fhn-sSsbm-s-bptm Ahn-sS-sbm-sbpw ZpjvS-m Cu I-hm
Fn-p -sIm-n-cpp. J_vdm-cm-[-\-bpsS tI{-amb Xpn-bn
\npw {]n v sNbvXv tIc-f-n kuP-\y-ambn hnX-cWw sNbvX
"kpn' F ae-bm-f--n-Xm-_nepw Cu I-Y Fgp-Xn-n-Sn-n-npv. Fs t]cn a\x-]qhw Bkq-{Xn-X-ambn Cu IY sIn--a-hpw {]N-cn-n--hpw Rm amp sImSp-p-I-bn. Bsc-nepw tJZnv AXn \npw ]nm-dn-bm-sem-gnv. sXn--cnv h-hcpw
]d-p-t]m-bn-p-s-n Ahv Rm kz-ta-[bm amv \Ipp. A]Xv hj--fn-te-sd-bmbn apkvenbm- Xe-ap-d-I-fneqsS Cu Ifhv ssIam-dn-tm-cpp. Fs t]c-a--fpsS {]mb-nep apkvenbm Ipn-I t]mepw Ctm AXv {]N-cn-n-p-sImn-cn-pp. Cpw Rm CXv \ntj-[n-p-sIm-n-cn-pp. Fsmcp ]co-Ww! Am-lp-hn icWw!- apkven-bm--fpsS hK-kz`m-hns ]-c-amv a\-n-em-m Cu kw`hw Nnn-p--hv
klm-b-I-amIpw.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

26
]mfbw aplvbn-o ]n
tImgn-tmSv Rm _-s-Sp Imev DsambvXotImbm
lmPn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n-ep Hcp kwL-amWv Cu ]n-bpsS tat\mw hln-n-cp-Xv. ]n-bpsS sXmv Ingv `mKv Dm-bn-cp
]-dn _km-dnse apJy hym]m-cn-bm-bn-cpp sambvXotImb
lmPn. Hcp tIm{Kkv t\Xm-hm-bn-cp lmPn apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln-_ns A\p-bm-bnbpw aX-Im-cy--fn ke^o amKn \njvT-bp--h-\p-am-bn-cpp. ]m-f-n In-n-bnepw At-lw
Dm-bn-cpp Fm-sWs Hm. ame, auenZv, dmo_v, ZnIv
lJ XpS-nb inv _nZv-A-p-I-fpsS tIme- AhnsS \ne\n-n-cpp. ]n-bpsS sXv `mKv Cv akvPnZv _km nXn-

170

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sN-p-n-S-m-bn-cpp dmo_v Jm\ Dm-bn-cp-Xv. A\p-{K-lo-X\mb D-lm-Pn-bpsS kahpw \ni-_vZ-hp-amb {]h-\-n-eqsS ]n--n-n-bnse _lp-`q-cn-]-hpw ke^n BZi-n-tev
hp. Imcy- Ahsc icnv t_m[y-s-Spn. Rm Asms D-lm-Pn-bp-ambn \nc-cw k-n-em-bn-cpp. ]n-s]mfn-v Cs {]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb \ne-bn ]p\\nmWw sN-m-
Inn Xocp-am-\np. AXn\p apv Xs In-n-bpsS GI-I-WvT-amb
Xocp-am-\-{]-Imcw \nb-a-]-c-ambn Xs inv]-c-amb Fm A\mNmc I-fpw Hgn-hmn. ke^o BZi-{]-Imcw I- \Sn-em-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Adp-]-Xp-I-fpsS Bcw-`-n-emWv Cu Imcy \S-Xv.
F.]n. C_vdmlow lmPn F ]uc-ap-Jys Ay--X-bn
\ne-hn h _nUnwKv Inn, ]n Cs cq]-n ]p\
\nnp. Rm Av Xmakw ^tdm-n-em-bn-cpp. Fs aq
aI s{]m^. sI. l_o_ Am-ev ^m-dqJv tImtf-Pn ]Tn-psIm-n-cn-p--Xn-\m Ah-fpsS kuI-cymw IpSpw_ Xmakw
Atmv amn-b-XmWv. tImgn-tm-Sp-ambn hfsc ASp-m-bn-cp--Xn\m ]e-tmgpw In-n-I-fn Rm\pw ]s-Sp-p-am-bn-cpp. Fs
B-kp-lrv Ctmfn AlvaZv tImb-lm-Pn-bpsS kPoh kl-I-cWhpw ]n \nmW cwKv {it-b-am-bn-cpp.
]p\\nm-W-n\v tijw JXz-o-_ns\ \nb-an-p--Xn c`n-{]mbw Dmbn. Rm\pw kn.]n. A_q-_- aue-hn-bp-amWv \nt-in--s-Xv. kn.]n. Nmh-mSv kztZ-in-bmWv. ^tdm-nse {]kn-amb duf-p Deqw Ad-_n-tm-f-Pns {]nkn-m m\n-cp-p- sIm-mWv kn.]n. HutZym-KnI PohnXw Ah-km-\n-n-Xv.
tijw ^tdm-n Xs ncXma-k-amn. {]K--\mb A_p-_mlv aue-hn-bpsS I-kw-]p-jvS-amb k-Xn-bmWv ^mdqJ-v
tImtfPpw AI-p d-uf-p Deqw Ad-_n-tm-tfPpw. Hcp
Imp{]tZ-i-am-bn-cp ^tdmv tIc-f-nse tIfn-tI apkvenw
hnZym-`ymk tI{-ambn hfp- h--Xns ]nn ]e alm-m-cptSbpw tNmcbpw \ocpw ]n-n-Sn-n-cn-p-pv. Fnepw hnip--amb
Dt-iy-e-y-n AXns m]-I F _lp-am-\y-]-Z-hn-bn
auem\m A_vZp--_-ml-v- auehn Fpw kvacn--s-Spp. At-lns B{K-l-{]-Imcw tImtfPv tImu-n Xs-bmWv auem-

171

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\m ad-am-S-s-n-cn-p-Xv. A{X-Iv At-l-ns Bm-hns anSn-p-I Cu m]-\-hp-ambn Aenp tNn-cn-pp. ^mdqJv

tImtf-Pp-ambn kvac-W-Isf _n-n-p-tm alm-\mb koXn-kmln-_n-t\bpw {]tXyIw Hmp- sIm--msX t]\ ]nh-en-m
Ign-bp-I-bn. ^mdqJv tImf-Pp-ambn F\nv hm-smcp B
_-am-Wp-Xv. Fs a-fn ]ecpw Ahn-Ss hnZymn-IfmWv. acp-a-fpw t]c-a-fpw; ]ecpw AhnsS \npw ]Tn-p-bp
h-h-cmWv. Fs ktlm-Zco ]p{X apl-Zv ^mdqJn (bp.F.C.)
duf-p Deq-an \npw A^vk-ep Dea ]mmbn. ]noSv aZo\m Ckvem-anIv bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bn \npw ssItdm A Akvl
k-I-em-im-e-bn \n-pw- DX _ncpZw t\Sn. ]Tn-m _lp
ka-\m-bn-cpp apl-Zv. ]mWvUn-Xyhpw _pn-bpw-sImv Fs
IpSpw-_-nse Hmw-m-\-m-c-\mbn apl-Zv ^mdqJn. Xs hy
Kpcp-`q-X-\mb auem\m A_p--_m-lns aq ]p{Xn k\n-sb
hnhmlw sNbvXp. Ctm Xncp-h-\--]p-cv IpSpw-_-Xm-a-k-am-Wv.
apl--Zn-s\-p-dnv {]tXy-I-ambn Rm FSpv ]d-bp-Xv Fs
Hcp \n`m-Kyhpw IqSn A\p-kva-cn-p-sIm-mWv. Fs cm-as
aI Ban-\-sb-bmWv Ah BZy-ambn hnhmlw sNbvXXv. Rm
Xs apI-s-Sp-mWv AXv \S-n-bXv. tJZ-I-c-sav ]d-bs,
Ah Xn tbmPn-n. hfsc thKw B _w ths]-Sp-t-nhp. Fs kzIm-cy-Zpx-J--fn tXn-\np Hcp Zpc--am-WXv. ]T-\m-\-cw apl-Zv kpDuZn Atd-_y-bn-tev t]mbn. Adn-hpw
Ignhpw ]cn-K-Wn-p-tm AhnsS Db DtZymKw e`n-m G-sd
km[y-X-bp-m-bn-cpp. ]s, _nkn-\v cwK-amWv Ah sXcs-Sp-Xv. AXv ^e-h-m-b-Xp-an. Fs {]t_m-[\ hoYn-bn
Ghpw i-\mb klm-bn-bmbn hcm Rm sImXn-Xpw AXn\p Fm tbmKy-Xbpw \nd--Xp-amb apl--Zns Ign-hp-I
F\nv e`y-am-bn-s-Xpw asmcp \n`m-Ky-am-bn-cpp. Zo\o cwKtv apl-Zv kPo-h-am-Im-Xn-cp--Xn F\n--h-t\mSv shdp-pm-bn-cpp. ]s, hn[nsb ]gn-n-sp Imcyw. Ctm A_q-Zm_n-bn Hcp m]\w \S-n-h-cn-I-bmWv. Rm K^n t]mIptmgpw Ah \mn hcp-tmgpw Xn ImWp-Ibpw \ _w
]pen-tm-cp-Ibpw sNpp. Xs {]nb injy apl-Zv ^mdqJnsb auem\m A_p--_mlv Gsd {]Xym-i-tbm-sS-bmWv t\mn-Xv. apl--Zns ]T-\-n-ep kmayhpw Imcy-t_m-[hpw

172

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Nnm-i-n-bp-samw GsXmcp Kpcp-\m-Yt\bpw Bm-Zn-n-p-Xpw A`n-am\w sImn-p--Xp-am-bn-cpp. Xs {]nb-s m]-\n-s tat\m--n\pw hfbvpw DX-Ip _pn-tI-{-ambn
AYhm Xs ]nKm-an-bmbn auem\m injy apl--Zns\ Binp.
AXpw ^e-{]-Z-am-bn. Ctm F\n-sm-cm-i-bpv. aI ap_m-dn\v AX-dnbmw. Rm\n-tm Xm sNbvXp-h-cp Jp-B XPa-bpsS ]cn-ti-m-[-\-bnepw hne-s \ntZ-i-sImv Fs klm-bn-p--Xnepw apl--Zns kl-I-cWw F\nv e`n-tpw.
e`y-am-bm AsXmcp hne-s Imcy-am-bn-cn-p-sa--Xn kwi-ban. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
]mfbw aplvbn-o ]n-bp-ambn _-sv Nne Imcy- ]dp-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cpp. A]w Nn NnX-dn-tmbn. JXz-o_v m\tv Fsbpw kn.]n.sbbpw A`n-{]m-b-s-p-shv ]d-p-htm. FtmSv Btem-Nn--h-tcmSv kn.]n.sbbmWv Rm ip]mi
sNbvXXv. As {]tXyI kml-N-cy-n At-l-am-bn-cpp
AhnsS ^nmb JXz-o_v Fs-\nv tXmn. ImcWw, kn.]n. Hcp
anX-hm-Znbpw ckn-I-\mb {]`m-j-I\pw \ ]WvUn-X-\p-am-bn-cpp.
Rm t\sc adnpw. aplvbn-o ]n-bpsS Imcy-n kpn-I
hf-sc Akw-Xr-]vX-cm-bn-cpp Fv {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xn-tm.
tImgn-tm-Sns lrZ-b-`m-Kv {]hn-n-cp dmo-_vJm\
F inns sImfw \in-p-t]m-b-XmWv Ah-cpsS Ghpw
henb ZpxJw. ]n-tb-m Ah kvt\ln-p-Xv Pmd--tfbpw
Ahsb ]cn-t]m-jn-n-p ZnIv dmo_v lJ-I-tfbpw auenZv
]pc-I-tf-bp-amWv. Bephpw- s]cp-m-hq-cn-\p-a-n-S-bn Ip-v\mSv
\n-tbm-P-I-a-WvU-e-nse ]n--he _kv tmn ] s]bnn
Hcp `WvUmcw \nv ImWmw. AXn-t Fgp-Xn-sh-n-cn-pXv hmbn-m Nncn-m-Xn-cn-m Ign-bn. Bg-n Nnn-m
Ip-\o s]mSnbpw. Cu kap-Zm-b-ns aX-]-c-amb Zpc-h-sb
Hmp-sIm-mWX-v. "aueoZv ]pc Ppam-Av ]n hI'- FmWv
t_mUv. aueoZv ]pc-sb-m \_n-bpsS s]mcpw B{K-ln-psImv t\ \S-p CSw. auenZv Fm \_nsb hnfn-ptX-Sp inns ]mv.- krjvSn-bpsS s]mcpw Bin-p-sImv
]pWy-n-\mbn Hcp Iw sNp-Xpw krjvSn-Isf hnfn-p-tXSepw cpw inns \S-]-Sn-IXs. ]n Fp ]d-m

173

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Am-lp-hns\ am{Xw Bcm-[n-p--Xn\pw Ah-t\mSv am{Xw {]mn-p--Xn\pw thn-bp--XmWv. Jp-B ]d-bpp. ""\n-b-ambpw akvPn-Zp-I Am-lp-hn-t-XmWv. AXn-\m Am-lp-hn-t\msSm-w am-tcbpw \n hnfnp {]mn--cpXv.'' (Pnv:- 18).- auenZv
]pc-sb-p-dnpw ]n-sb-p-dnpw hnh-c-an-m Hcp kaqlw Fs\-bmWv c-s-SpI?- "aueoZp ]pc Ppam-Av ]n'- F t]cn-Xn-ep Bi-b-ssh-cp-yhpw hnh-c-t-Sns hen-hpw F{X-bm-sWv Hm-tem-Nnq. IjvSw! tIm-gn-tm-Sv- aplvbn-o ]n X-fp-tSXm-sW-pw AXv Xncnp ]nSn--W-sapw Bt{Im-in-p-sImv
Im-]pcw {Kq-p-I ssS-K- kp-n-bp-m-n- ASp-I
- m-e
- p-t]mepw Nne i_vZ- t- Im-em-le
-
- Dm-n-bn-cpp. sh-n hc
hc -Xs.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

27
Jeo^ ]n
]c--cm-KX apX-hn `c-W-n-em-bn-cpp Jeo^ ]n. Ctmfn
Alva-ZvtImb lmPn-bpsS _pn-]-chpw ka-hp-amb \o-neq-sS-bmWv ]n ke^o- amK-n-em-bXv. Fs B-kp-lr-mbn-cp Ctmfn icnpw Hcp _pn-Po-hn-bm-bn-cpp. Fs {]h-\-ho-Yn-bn i-\mb Hcp klm-bn-bpambn-cpp. Fp {]Xn-kn-bnepw Hpw hnIm-c-n\v ASn-s-SmsX {]iv\- ssIImcyw
sNm-\p At-l-ns Ignhv hfsc Rm I-dn-n-pv.
tImgn-tmSv hen-b-m-Sn-bnse {]apJ Ccpv hym]m-cn-bm-bn-cpp
Atlw. Hcp henb IpSpw-_-ns Xe-h\pw. \Zvh-p apPm-lnZo cq]o-I-cn-Xp apX kwL-S-\-bpsS Dd klm-bn-bmbn Atlw \ne-sImp. kwm\ t\Xr-cw-Kv hfsc hj- Atlw
k-k--X-\mbn tkh\w A\p-jvTnp. GXp hnj-b-s-p-dn-p IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-bnepw Ctm-fn-bpsS kmnyw ap--hv
Bizm-khpw inbpw ]I-cp--Xmbn F\nv A\p-`-h-s-n-pv.
Fs {]h\ssien-tbmSv Gsd A\p-`mhw ]penbpw Fs
klm-bnpw D]-tZiw tXSn Rm kao-]n-p-tm-sgms AXoh
hn\-b-tmsS Fs Xr]vXn-s-Sp-nbpw amp-Iq-Snb B hynXzw

174

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fs a\-ns\ Htsd kzm[o-\np. tImgn-tmSv SuWn Rm

Fn-bm At-ls kin-msX aS-m F\nv Ign-bp-ambn-cp-n. At-l-ns IpSpw-_m-Zn-I HmsI BZ-chv \nd
kvt\l-tmsS FtmSv s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS \smcp IpSpw-_
kplr-mbn Fs Ah kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kk-_o
197980 Imev Ipd-p-\m Hcp kmbm Zn\-]-{X-ambn tImgntmSv \npw {]kn-o-I-cn--tm AXns amK-Zinbpw D]-tZjvSm-hp-ambn Atlw Fs Gsd klm-bn-n-pv. tImgn-tmSv
F.hn. A_vZp-d-lvam lmPn-bpsS kwKoXv- temUvPn-ep kk_o Hm^o-kn \nXyhpw hcn-Ibpw Imcy- At\z-jn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cpp. cmjv{So-b-n Dd eoKp-Im-c-\mbn \ne-sImp.
eoKn-ep-mb ZpxJ-I-c-amb ]nfn Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS t\Xr-Xzn cq]o-Ir-X-amb AJn-teym eoKns t\Xr-\n-c-bn hp.
tIm-gn-tmSv \K-c-n C{X-tbsd kmaq-lnI _-ap hynI Ctm-fn-sb-tmse A[n-I-ap-m-bn-cp-n. At-l-ns
hntbmKw hyn-]-c-ambn Fs hmsX De-p-I-fp. ]m-f--nbn Rm JXz-o-_m-bn-cp Ime-mWv At-ls ]cn-N-b-sXv. kwLm-SI ssh`-h-m ke^o- t\Xr-Xz-n\v Xmpw XWep-am-bn-cp Ctmfn Alva-ZvtImb lmPn-bpsS hntbmKw aqew
Dmb hnShv Cpw ]qW-ambn \nI-m Ign-n-n. At-lns \ \nd a\-n\pw {]h-\-pw aXn-bmb {]Xn^ew Amlp \Ip-am-dm-Is.
Jeo^m ]n-bpsS apX-hn m\w Hcp kwJy sImSpv ssIhiw hmp-I-bm-bn-cpp. ]n-bpsS \S-n--h-Imiw \nb-a-]-c-ambn
ssIb-n h B Znhkw Xs Ctmfn Hcp Ip-ambn Xncq-c-mSn-bn Fs-b-Sp-tv Hcmsf Abp. anTmbn sXcp-hn _m_
tjmv \S-n-bn-cp H. apl-Zv F kvt\ln-X-\mWv hXv.
At-l-ns _m_ tjmmWv ]noSv kn.F AlvaZv auehn
_pIvm Bbn-oXv. \msf kp_v-ln apX Jeo^m ]nbn-tev Hcp Cam-ans\ thWw. CXmWv Inse Bhiyw.- A-tm
Ftm-sSmv taem-q ]cn-k-c-p Hcp A_q-_- auehn
Dm-bn-cpp. hfsc \-h-\mWv. Xt-Shpw Kuc-hhpw Hp-a-dn-pIq-Sm Hcp ip km[p a\p-jy. Hcp-]mSv Zpcn-X
- A\p-`h
- n-bmfm-bn-cpp Atlw. Zb-\o-b-amWv At-l-ns IY. hfsc hj-

175

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v apv \ bphm-hm-bn-cns Zmcn-{Zy-m \mSp-hnp. bmsXmcp tcJ-bp-an-msX Hcp ]mb---en Ib-dn-n Idmn hgn bm{Xbmbn. GtXm acp-`q-an-bn Cdn. Bcp-sS-sbmstbm- klm-b-n Npp-]-gp aW-em-c-Wy-n-eqsS \Spw H-I-p-d-p-ambn abn Fn. AhnsS Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cpp. 1950IfpsS ay-n-em-WnXv. Rm kpDu-Zn-bn ]Tn-p Imew. av sh-v At-ls
]cn-N-b-sp. B ]cn-Nbw BZi-]-c-ambn henb am-n\v CS-bmbn. ]gb Jpdm-^m-p-ambn Acw ae-_m-dn-I-fp-sS klmbw kzoI-cnv ASn HXpn Atlw AhnsS Pohn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Imbw-Ip-f-n-\-Spv Bdm-p-]p-g-m-c Hcp Da apkv-enbm hfsc
apv av hp-Iq-Sn-bn-cpp. ]noSv `mcy-bp-sam-v AhnsS IpSpw-_-Xm-a-k-ambn. Cu apkvenbm-cpsS klmbw Fs Cu kplrn\v \mbn Inn-bn-cpp. Fm Rm\p-am-bp _-w Imcy-fmsI amn-a-dnp. ITn\ Jpdm-^n-bmb Da apkvenbm Ct-ls Ism-gnp. ap kpn-I-fmb ae-_m-cn-Ifpw A-s\-bmbn.
am{X-a,- Fs kplr-ns\ \m\m -\n-epw Ah t{Zmln-m
XpSn. Fs ]T\w dnbm-Zn-em-b-Xp-sImv h-tmgpw am{Xw a-bpambn _- s - S m kuI- c y- a pm- I p- I - b pq. lv Ime- p
am{Xw ]q-ambpw Rm a-bn Xs-bm-bn-cnpw.
bmsXmcp tcJ-I-fp-an-msX ]c-k-lm-b-n Ign-n-cp Cu
km[p a\p-jys\ t{Zmln-m kpn-Iv bmsXmcp a\x-{]-bm-khp-ap-m-bn. Atlw ke^o- BZi-n-embn FXv Xs ImcWw. As\ kpn-I A_q-_- aue-hnsb Hn-sm-Spp.
km Hm^o-kn sNv Cs\ Hcm Hfnv IS-v-hv ap Xma-kn-p-p-shv hnhcw \In. Am-ev C-s-tmse ITn-\-amb \S-]-Sn-I Cm-bn-cpp. ]s hnhcw Inn-bm
\nb-a-]-c-amb \S-]-Sn-I kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wtm. At-ls t]meo-kv
]nSn-p-sImv t]mbn. Cs Ah--bn-em-sW-n B ]cn-kcv t]mepw ap--hv ASp-m Ign-bn. Av ]mkvt]mv
Hm^o-knse {][m\n(apZo) Rm\p-ambn \ kplrZv_-am-bn-cpp. lwk-Pq-Aen FmWv t]cv. Rm sNv At-l-tmSv ip]mi ]dp. ]mkvt]mv \mn\npw hcpn lmP-cm-m Hcp
Ah-[nbpw hmn. As\ Fs Pmay-n hn-bp. hnhcw
\mn-tev FgpXn. ]s, At-l-ns _m AXn\v Xm-dm-bn.

176

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

av \nv aI hlm-_n-bmb hnhcw Nne _msb Adn-bn-ncpp. AXn-\m C\n F\n--hs\ Bh-iy-an Fv _m!! Ah
kpDu-Zn-bn InSv NmIs,- A_q-P-lven-s\-tm-se-sb Ah-bn _m A\-n-bn. F{X ITn-\-amb shdppw FXnpw {]XnImc hmRvO-bp-amWv kzw ]nXm-hn\pw IpSpw-_m-Zn-Ipw! sIme-p--n\v kam-\-amb ]m]-ambn IpSpw-_-mt]mepw B km[phns\ t{Zmlnp.
]d Ah-[n-sbn. ]mkvt]mv lmP-cm-n-bn. hopw
t]meokv ]nSnp. Rm sNv At] ]dp Hgn-hm-n-sm-php. Cs\ ]e-hw Ign-n-pv. 1959 Rm ]T\w ]qnbmn kpDuZn Atd-_y-bn \npw hnp-t]m-cp-I-bm-bn-cpp. AXdn--tXmsS ]mhw Fs kplrv IqSp-X t_Pm-dn-embn. GI
XpWm-c-\mb Rm\pw hn-I-ep-I-bm-Wtm. \mn-tev aS-m
tcJ-bn. AhnsS \nm A\p-hm-Zhp-an. Fp-sNpw? Pbn
Xs icWw. B {]Xn-k-n-bn \mn \npw ln\v h
asm-cmsf ]cn-N-b-sp. Abm-fpsS klmbw ^e-sp. bm{X-p
Imcy- icn-bmbn. As\ Atlw I-en Ftm-sSmv
\mn-tev hp. IpSpw-_-n {]th-i-\-an-m--Xn-\m Fs
IqsS Xncq-c-m-Sn-bnepw Xncq-m-Sp-ambn Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Cu
IY hnkvX-cnp ]d-b-W-sav tXmn. kXy-amKw kzoI-cn-p-hv CXp-t]mse, Nne-tm CXn-t\-m hnj-a-I-c-amb ]eXpw
A\p-`-hn-t-n-hcpw. ]co--W-sf kl\-]qw t\cn-SWw. CXv
hmbnp ckn-mt\m ZpxJn-mt\m Fm-hpw Ignbpw. ]s,
kzPo-hn-X-n Cs\ kln-m F{X t]v Ignbpw? A_q_- aue-hn-bpsS XymKw \apv Hcp ]mT-am-bn-cn-s.
As\ At-ls Jeo^ ]n-bn-tev Cam-ambn Rm
Ab-p-sIm-Spp. Gsd im\pw kl-\-io-e-\p-am-b-Xn-\m ZoLImew Jeo^ ]n-bn Atlw Ign-p-Iqn. CXn-\n-S-bn hnhmln-X-\mbn. a {]m]vX-cm-b-tm _msb tPmen-bn \npw
Hgn-hmn. hon hn{i-a-Po-hnXw \bn-m kuI-cy- Gs-Spn. a-fpsS kvt\lhpw kwc--Whpw Bkz-Znv Atlw hfsc
kp-jvS-\mbn Ign-p-Iq-Spp. F{X \ a! Hcn- At-lns tamlw \nd-th-m, aIs Pon aI Xs ss{Uhv
sNbvXv Fs ImWm XncqmSv hp. Rm ktm-j-ns

177

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Io s]mgnp. At-l-tmSv F\nv hfsc kvt\l-amWv. Atl-n\v FtmSpw. tIc-f-nse Ghpw {]ap-J-\mb lZokv ]WvUn-X\pw tIcf PwC--p De-a-bpsS {]kn-U-p-am-bn-cp alqw
ssiJv apl-Zv aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp Jeo^m ]n-bn JpXz-v_ \Sn-bn-cp-Xv. ssiJv aue-hnv tijw AhnsS nc-ambn JpXz-v_
\n-ln-p-Xv Fw. apl-Zv aZ-\n-bmWv. ]p{X-hm--ey-tmsS
Rm kvt\ln-p bph]WvUn-X\pw anI-hp {]`m-j-I-\p-amWv
aZ\n. Ctm ]pfn- aZo-\-p Deqw Ad-_n-tm-f-Pns ka-\mb {]nkn-m ]Zhn Im-fpp. (Atlw dn-b sNbvXv
Ctm FS-h PmanB \Zvhn--bpsS {]nkn-m-fmWv -FUn-).At-l-ns `n-\n`-c-amb {]`m-jWw tIp-tm-sgms
Fs Ip-I Adn-bmsX \nd-p-t]mIpw. A{X lrZ-b-kv]inbmWv B {]Xn-]m-Z\w.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

28
Jp-B XPa
Xulo-Zns shfnw Fs lrZ-b-n-tev IS-p-h--Xn\p
tijw Fs Pohn-X-n e`n Ghpw al-mb Hcp `mKy-ambn
Rm Icp-Xp-Xv hnip Jp-B-\nv kqW- ]cn-`mj Xm-dmm Innb Ah-k-c-s-bmWv. koXn-km-ln-_ns t\Xr-Xz-n
Xe-t-cn-bn \npw apkvenw en-td- skmsskn ]pd-n-d-nb
]cn-`m-j-sb-p-dnv t\cs Rm ]d-p-h-tm.- ]mn apkvenbm-cpsS Zkn hnZymn-bmbn Xm\q-cn Ign-bp Ime-am-W-Xv.
AXns tImn Rm hmn-bXpw AtX-Xp-Sv Zkn Dmb
tImem-l-e-fpw Rm hnh-cn-n-cpp. Fm, AsXmcp kq-W]cn-`m-j-bm-bn-cp-n. AXns {]h\w XpSp-sIm-p-t]m-Iphm ]e Imc-W--fmepw Ign-p-an. AXn\v hfsc appw JpB-\n\v XPa Xm-dm-m ]e alm-mcpw {ian-n-pv. ]s,
AsXms XpSw Ipdn-pI am{Xta sNbvXn-pq. bmYm-n-XnI
]WvUn-X-hK-ns Iqmb FXnpw apkvenw kaq-l-ns
ITn-\-amb \n-l-I-c-Whpw \nanw AsXm-sbpw CSv shv
kvXw`n-p-t]mbn. ]WvUn-X-hK-ns FXnns\ Ah-K-Wn-m-

178

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\pw km-nI _m[yX Gs-Sp-m\pw Bcpw Xm-dm-Im-Xn-cp-Xv

Ccw kIa--fpsS KXnsb ac-hn-n-p-I-fp. Fnepw
AXn-\p-thn apn-n-d-nb alZv hyn-I-fpsS Dt-iy-ipn Amlp IW-n-se-Sp-p-sapw Ahv X-Xmb {]Xn-^ew ]c-temIv e`n-p-sapw Bin-m-hp--XmWv. Jp-B-\ns shfnw
P\--fn-se-n-m Hcp-s B alm-mv Amlp A\p-{Klhpw Imcp-Wyhpw \Ip-am-dm-Is. Iq-n Hc-\p-`hw ]d-bs.
apkvenw en-td- skmsskn ]pd-n-d-nb Jp-B ]cn-`m-jbpsS tImn Rm hmn-bXpw XpSv ]mn apkvenbm-cpsS
Zkn \ntt-n-h Nne am\-knI ]oU-\-fpw hmb-\m Hmp-p-m-Ip-atm. Fm AXv hnm Rm bm{X
sNbvX-tm Dmb Hcp kw`hw ]d-bm hnp-t]mbn. Poh Xs
A]-I-S-n-em-Ip-sav tXmnb Hcp k`-am-bn-cpp AXv.
koXn-km-ln-_ns \nt-i-{]-Imcw Ipd-p- tIm-n-I-fp-ambn Rm
bm{X-bmbn. As\ ]me-mSv Fn. Nnesmw tImn sImSpp. Ak \a-kvI-cn-m Hcp ]n-bn Ibdn. ]cn-`m-j-bpsS sIv
Hcp aqe-bn shp-sImv Rm \a-kvIm-c-n-emWv. Atm
]n-bn Hcmqw. D-n-ep kwkmcw Rm tIp. ""Ch
Jp-B ]cn-`mj hnm-s\-n-b-XmWv. Chs\ hnS-cpXv, icn-sSp-Ww, Ahs\ sImWw'' Fpw hnfn-p-]-d-bp-Xv tIp. Fs
\a-kvImcw Ign--tm Bfp-I Nppw IqSn. BsI _lfw.
No-hn-fnbpw Bt{Im-i-fpw. Hpw Xncn-bp-n. ]n-bn \nndn tdmUn Cv Fs ssIImcyw sNp-hm-\mWv \ow Fv
a\-n-embn. Rm sIv FSpv ]pd-t-n-dn. \o Jp-B
Im^-dn\v sImSp-m h-h-\t FmWv tNmZyw. Bh-iy-s-Sp-h-cm-cm-bmepw sImSppw Fp Rm ]d--tm ""Chs\ hnScpXv,- sImWw'' Fv Kn-p-sImv Nne Fs t\v hp.
Fs IY-I-gnbpw Fp-d-m-b-tXmsS F\n-stm Hcp ss[cyw
ssIh--Xp-t]mse ""Fn sImsSm, Jp-B-\ns t]cn acnm Rms\m-cp--amWv'' Fv Knp. klm-b-n-s\-m-cm
t]m-ep-an-tm F Imcyw Atm Fs sXpw Ae-n-bn.
Nne ]nSn-p-Ibpw hen-p-Ibpw Dp-Ibpw Xp-I-bp-samw sNp-pv. taen CXm-hn--p-I-bn-sv kXyw sNbvXm hnb-m-sa `mh-n-emWv Nne. Rm hg-n-bn. B ZpLS \nan-

179

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

j-n-eXm Hcp a\p-jy HmSn-sbn. Abm B hnh-c-tZm-jn-IfpsS Iq-tmSv Fsm-stbm ]dp. Abm Hcp Xt-Sn-bmsWv a\-n-embn. Fs B sNmb-q-n \npw hnSn
Hcp ]oSn-I-bn-tev Ibn. AsXmcp X-S-bm-bn-cpp. At-lns kzw m]\w.
Atlw FtmSv ]dp: "\n Hpw an-cpXv. Rm Ahsc Imcyw ]dp kam-[m-\n-nmw.' Bfp-I IS-bpsS apn
XSn-p-IqSn. B kplrv Fsm-stbm ]dp Ah-cpsS tcmjw
ian-n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Iq-n ""CXv apkvenw-Iv am{Xta
sImSpq, Im^-dn\v sImSp-p-I-bn'' Fp ]dp. DSs\ Rm
NmSn Fgp-tv,- Bcp ]dp, Im^n tNmZn-m Xo-bmbpw
sImSppw Fp-ds hnfn-p-]-d--tXmsS ""sImsSm Ahs\''
F tcmj-K\w ]te-S-p-\n-mbn Dbp. cwKw \nb-{-WmXo-X-am-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp. ]s, Fs klmbn i-\m-bn-cp--Xn\m Bcpw ]oSn-I-bn-tev {]th-in-n. Bfp-I aKvcn-_ns
kabw hsc AhnsS IqSn-\np. B \ a\p-jy Fs imkn--pw
B P\-q--tmSv hmKzmZw \S-nbpw kam-izmk hmp-I ]dp kabw \on. _mn\v ka-b-am-b-tm Ipsd t] ]n-bntev \on. Atm Abm Fsbpw sImv _kvmn-tev
\Sp. Fs _n Ib-n-hnp. ""C\n Ipsd \mf-tv Cu hgn
hc'' F kvt\l-a-b-amb XmoXpw. At-l-ns t]cv adp-t]mbn. Atlw Hcp Xop apdn ke-^n-bm-sWv tXmnbn. ]s, kXy-tmSv A\p-cm-K-ap ipa\-kvI-\m-bn-cpp
Fv Xo. Amlp B lrZ-b-ipn AwKo-I-cn-p-Ibpw At-ln\v ]c-temIw [\y-am-p-Ibpw sNs.
F.hn. A_vZp-emw aue-hn-bpsS \nt-i-{]-Imcw Rm Ipdp-Imew Aco-tmSv \nv {]hn-n-cp Imcyw apv hnh-cn-n-cptm. Ahn-Ss ]gb alv ]n PwC--p apPm-ln-Zos
kzm[o-\-n hXpw AhnsS ke^o- BZi-{]-Imcw PpapA
XpS-m Rm apssI-sb-Sp-Xpw B Iq-n ]d-n-cpp.
Fs `mcy-bpsS Hcp Ffm Ahn-Ss Jmfn-bm-bn-cpp. apkvenbmcIw IpSpw_w. Hcp-]mSv imJ-I-fp--XmWX-v. AXn-semv AcotmSpw Dm-bn-cpp. Ah-cp-ambn Rm kZm kw ]penbn-cpp.

180

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

As\ Ign-p-Iq-Sp--Xn-\n-S-bn Rm Hcn- IWn-bm-]p-cp Fs _m-bpsS IpSpw-_-n-tev t]mbn. AhnsS tPyjvT\pw a-fp-apv. AhnsS Ipsd Znhkw Ign-p-Iqn. As\
Rm _-s-n-cp-Xv ]e-Xp-sImpw KpW-n-em-bn-cpp. Xulo-Zns shfnw IS-p-sN-m {]tZ-ihpw ISp kpn {]ap-Jcm-bn-cp Fs Am-ham-cmb apkven-bm-fpw Ah-tcmSv hnt[bXzw ]pep \mp-Iq-hpw Xd-hm-p-Im-cp-sa-m-ambn A-hnizmk-ns Ccpv I-]n-Sn Hcp A-co--am-bn-cpp B {]tZ-i-pm-bn-cp-Xv. AhnsS \S Hcp aueoZv tbmK-n {]kw-Kntn h kw`-h-m-em-Wtm Rm IpSpw-_s hnv HmSn-tmtc-n-h-Xv. Ipd-v IqSn Imcy-{]m-]vXnbpw Xt-Shpw Adnhpw ssIh--tm Rm hopw AhnsS _-s-Sm XpSn. CXp-aqew
Ipd-p-t]-sc-sb-nepw kXy-Zo-\ns amK-n-tev ASp-n-m
dns A\p-{K-l-m km[n-n-pv.
AhnsS IpSpw-_-hp-ambn As\ IqSn--gn-bp--Xn-\n-S-bn
F.hnbpsS Hcp Iv Inn. PwC--p apPm-ln-Zos km-nI
\ne hfsc tami-amWv. \n DSs\ hcWw. AXn-\p-thn Hn-dWw CXmWv D-Sw. ]-s-,- B Inse ssien F\nv
CjvS-am-bn. Hcp tPmen-m-c-t\m-Sp I-]-\-t]mse F\nv tXmn. Rm C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn Abp. Ft-ta \n {]tXyIw
\nb-{Ww Gs-Sp-p-Xv Rm CjvS-s-Sp-n. Fs Hcp
]ncn-hp-Im-c-\mbn am{Xw \n ImW-cpXv. kzmX{yw A\p-h-ZnWw. Fs Iv Fhnpw CjvS-s-n. Atlw adp-]-Sn-n Hcm-gvN-p-n Chn-sS-sbn IW-p-I G]np ]ncnp-t]m-Im \nt-inp. ka-b-]-cn[n sh-Xns\ Rm kzoI-cnp-n Fv Rm hopw Adn-bnp. F\nv henb tZjyhpw
a\-n ti-hp-ap-mbn. As\ R Xn CSp. Rm
AhnsS \npw ]ncnp. hon kz-ambn Ccn-mbn. BI-msS
Fm-n-t\mSpw Hcp shdpv. ]nim-Nns Hcp sIWn- Xs.
Bbn-Sv Xncq-c-mSn kn.Fv. apl-Zv B v kkv F
A-Sn-im-e-bp-sSbpw _pIv Untm-hn-sbpw DS-a- kn.Fv.
apl-Zv kmln_v Hcp Znhkw XncqmSv hon hp. Atlw
CSv hcm-dpv. `mcy-bpsS ASp _p-hm-bn-cpp Atlw.
bXo-am-bn-cp Fs `mcy-bpsS sNdpw apXp kwc--I-\p-

181

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

am-bn-cpp. Ah-cpsS kwc--W-bn ]Tnp. Hcp F.]n. kvIqfn

Aym-]n-I-bmbn tPmen-bp-ap-m-bn-cp Ime-mWv Rm Ahsc
hnhmlw sNbvXXv. tPmenv Ab-m Av F\nv Xm]-cy-anm-bn-cpp. tPmen Rm cmPn-sh-np. IpSpw-_-Im-cy--fp-ambn
honXs Ign-p-Iq-Sm \nt-in-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Rm kZm
bm{X-bnepw ]e tPmen-I-fn-ep-ambn ]te-Spw Xma-knpw Ign-bp nXn-bn CsXm-cm-h-iy-am-sWv F\nv tXmn. AXp-aqew
Zmcn{Zyw Ipsd A\p-`-hn-n-pv. Fnepw AXv Rm Imcy-ambn
FSp-n. F{X-tm-f-sa-m XncqmSv \npw ae-p-d-tv
]Xn-\mep Intem-ao- Zqc-apv. aqv AW-bmWv Av _v Iqen.(18ss]k).- _v Iqen Cm--Xp-sImv ]e-tmgpw ae-p-d-tv
\S-p-t]m-bn-pv. Nne-tm-sgms Imip-m-bmepw _p-m-Ip-Ibn. Atmgpw \Spw. sa am{X-amb tdmUv. tImgn-tm-tv
Xncqm-Sp-\npw aqv aWn-q bm{X-bpv. Hc cq]-bmWv Av
_v Nmv. CSv CsXms ]d-bp-Xv Am-es a\p-jycpsS PohnXcoXnbpw bm{XmkuI-cy--fpsS ]cn-an-Xnbpw kv]oUv
bpK-n Pohn-p ]pXnb Xe-apd Adn-bp--Xn-\p- th-n-bmWv.
Ccw [mcmfw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpsS he-b-n Pohn-p-sIm-mWv
Fs Kpcp-`q-X-cmb ]WvUnX t\Xm- Xulo-Zns i_vZ-hpambn ISp FXnp-Isf t\cn-v sImv apt-dn-bn-cp-Xv. Cv
Nnev F{X kuI-cy--fp-m-bnpw t]cm F tXm-emWv.
Ime-ns amw.!
]d-bm XpS-nb hnj-b-n-\n-S-bn ]eXpw Ib-dn-h-cn-I-bmWv.
Nnev tZjyw tXmp-p-mIpw. kmc-an. CsXms Adn-tb-Xt. Fs cN-\m-ssh-`-h-ns A]m-I-Xbpw \n ant
]q. kn.Fv. apl-Zv Immv Fs `mcy-tbmSv hfsc kvt\lamWv. AXp-sIm-mWv CS-bvp Cu hchv. hm hXpw sImSp-nt t]mIq. R-fpsS Pohn-X-\n-e-hm-c-s-p-dnv At-ln\v t_m[-ap-m-bn-cpp. Av h-tm Rm hon Ipnbn-cn-mWv. ""Fm-Wn-s\ Hnepw CS-s]-SmsX Ccn-p-Xv?''
Fv tNmZnp. Fs hnj-ahpw tZjyhpw Rm sXfn-bnp ]dp. Atm Atlw Fs Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn-tev Wnp. ""\n AhnsS hv hXpw FgpXq'' Fv ]dp. F\n-Xv ioe-antm Fv Rm\pw. Atm Atlw ]dp:- ""Cv Adn-b-s-

182

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Sp Fm Fgp-p-Imcpw ioe-an-m--h-cm-bn-cpp. FgpXn ioen-h-cm-W-h. \nfpw ioen-pI.'' As\ Rm t]mbn. Av AhcpsS {]v hfsc sNdp-XmWv. AXns apI-fn Bo-kpw.- Rm
AhnsS IqSn. Xmakw ]n-bnepw. AXn\p apv Rm ""AZvIm-dp-emv'' F \a-kvIm-c-I- hnh-cn-p Hcp sNdp ]pkvXIw ae-bm-f-nepw Ad_n ae-bm-f-nepw A-Snv hnX-cWw sNbvXn-pv. Fs BZys A-Sn IrXn AXmWv.
kn.Fv. apl--ZvIm FtmSv kqd-Xpd-lvams Hcp ]cn-`mj
Xm-dm-m Bh-iy-sp. Rm Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bpsS {]h\-n-tev BZys NphSv FSpv shp-I-bm-bn-cpp. aZvd-kbn \npw Bh-iy-amb InXm-_p-I FSp-p-t\mn. Rm ]cn`mj Xm-dmn. AXv ae-bm-f-n-em-bn-cpp. AXv Ah {]kn-oI-cnp. tijw A Ppkv-Cs ]cn-`mj teiw hymJ-ym-\-tmsS
FgpXn. AXpw {]kn-o-I-cnp. AXn Hcp hnjbw ]d-bm-\pv.
""Aen-aX-v \^vkp- am J-av h AJ-dXv'' F Bb-ns
A-n hni-Zo-I-cWw FgpXn. an X^vko-dp-I-fnepw apnXpw ]nn-Xpw F A-n\v apn-Xv Fm {]hnXpw ]nn-Xv Fm Dt]-n-Xpw F hymJym-\-am-Wp-Xv.
Hcp X^vko-dn apn-Xv Fm Xmm-en-I-ambn sNbvXXpw
]nn-Xv Fm AXns ^ew \op-t]m-Ip-Xpw Fm-WpXv. AXns ASn-m-\-n-emWv Rm hni-Zo-I-cn-Xv. Atm
aplvbn-o am-e-bpsS AXn-hn-Zq-c-amb tZmj- FgpXn. ASp
shn-bmgvN Rm Xd- ]n-bn JpXv_ \Sn. Rm
JpXv_ ]cn-io-en ]n-bm-WXv. JpXv_-bn Rm aplvbn-o
ame-bpsS hnZqc Zpjv^-e- hni-Zo-I-cnp. kn.Fv. {]p-Im
CsXms A-Snv hn\ \S-p--h-cmWv. AXn-\m JpXv_bpsS Xte-m Rm Fs Kpcp-`q-X-\mb sI.Fw. aue-hn-tbmSv
tNmZnp: ""Cu hnjbw \ ]d-tb--Xt? kn.Fv.Imcpw apw
CsXmcp I-h-S-am-n-bn-cn-p-I-bt. \ Dt_m-[n-n-t--Xt.'' aue-hn-bpsS {]Xn-I-cWw, ka-b-am-bn-n Ipd-p-IqSn Ign-bs
Fm-bn-cpp. Atm F\nv tcmj-ap-mbn. ""ka-b-am-Ipw-hsc
\ Pohn-n-cn-p-sa--Xn\v h Dd-p-aptm?'' Fp Rm Xncnp tNmZnp. Atlw Hpw ann-bn. As\ Rm JpXv_-bn
Cu hnj-bs ]cm-ainp Hcpt_m-[\w \Sn. CtXmsS kn.-

183

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fv. apl-Zv kmln-_n\v FtmSv `b-c tZjy-ap-mbn. BIp-atm. ]s, At-l-ns A\p-P kn.Fv. A_vZp-d-lvam lmPnv Cu Dt_m-[\w ^ew-sNbvXp. At-l-n\v Hcp {]v
kz-ambn Dm-bn-cpp. Atlw B {]v \nn. Cu ]Wn-bnmsX Cm-ev {]v aptmv t]mIp-I-bn, F\nv C\n CXv
Ign-bp-I-bn Fv ]d-p-sIm-mWv B Xocp-am-\-n-se-n-bXv.
]c-tem-I-n\v thn Atlw Cl-tem-I-ns saw Dt]-np-I-bm-bn-cpp. BJn-d-n-\p-thn Zpbm-hns\ shSn almb ]Zhn At-l-n\v e`n-p-am-dm-Is.
As\ BZi hnj-b-n Rm kn.Fv. apl-Zv lmPn-bpambn ]nW-t-n-hp. Fnepw Xncq-c-mSn hnp-t]m-bn. ]co-W- Hn-\p-]n-dsI Hmbn hcn-I-bmWv. henb Bi-tbmSpw
{]Xo--tbmSpw IqSn Bcw-`n Imcyw t{_mbn. Fnepw Hcp Xr]vXn. Hcp kXyw shfn-s-Sp-W
- s
- av a\v \n_-n-t- m AXv
\n-ln-p-htm. Zmcn{Zyw hopw Xpdn-p-t\m-pp! A-s\-bncns kn.Fv. apl-Zv lmPn-bpsS asmcp A\p-P kn.Fv.
Aen-l- lmPn (At-l-n\pw Hcp {]v Dv) FtmSv tNmZnp. ""kqd-Xpd-lvam\v IqSp-X hni-Zo-I-c-W-tmsS Hcp ]cn-`mj
Xm-dm-mtam'' Rm k-Xnp. tPmen XpSn. ""Xplv^-p
CJvhm _n X^vkodo kqd-n dlvam'' F t]cn AXv
{]kn-o-I-cnp. AXn alvi-dnse \nn-s\-p-dnv ]d-bp-pv.
AhnsS ""A-^m-A-p Dfvam''-sbp-dnv hni-Zo-I-cnp. AXn
apkven-Ip t\Xr-Xz-s-p-dnpw Ah-cpsS ]ndsI KmnPn,
s\lvdp XpS-nb Zpbm-hnse {]K--m \ncm-i-cmb \ne-bn
t]mIp--Xmbpw ]d-n-pv. Cu ]cn`mj A hmb-\-mn-S-bn {in--s-Sp-Ibpw F\nv IqSp-X AwKo-Imcw e`n-p-Xn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ip-I-fn-eq-sSbpw t\cnpw [mcmfw t] \ A`n-{]mbw tcJ-s-Sp-n-b-tm F\nv AXv {]tNm-Z-\-ambn. Fs B-hn-izmkw hnp. hnip Jp-B apgph ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-p-hm-\p Bi-bp-mbn.
Xncq-c-m-Sn-bnse Dss_-Znb _pv Untm-m-tcmSv Rm Fs
Dtiyw shfn-s-Spn. hymJym-\-tm-Sp-IqSn kq ]cn-`m-jbm-bn-cpp eyw. Ah AXn\p k-Xnp.- Fgpp XpSn.
AXyw ti-I-c-amb {]hr-n-b-m-bn-cpp A-Xv-. [mcmfw X^vko-

184

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

dp-I ]cn-tim-[n-t--Xpv. Am-lp-hns Iemw `mjm-cw

sNp-I-bmWv. Pohn-X-n C{X-b-[nIw sSj A\p-`-hn Hcp
Imew thsd Dm-bn-n. Ftmgpw `bw Xs. Fhn-sS-sb-nepw
]niIv hcptam? kZm {]m-\bpw.- Fs Kpc-\m-Y sI.Fw.
auehn F\nv ss[cyw ]Ip. Xm-dm-Ip-Xv A-tm Atlw ]cn-tim-[nv thXv sNm-sav G-tm F\nv Bizmkw
e`np. IqSp-X ss[cyhpw.- Am-lp-hn Xh-p sNbvXp-sImv
Rm aptm-p-\on. asm-n-tepw Xncn-bmsX Nnbpw ]cn-tim[-\bpw Fgp-p-ambn Ign-p-Iqn. cc hjs \o {]bXv\w.Fs ]T-\hpw Nnbpw Fs Adn-hns\ hfp-I-bm-bn-cpp.
FmWv Rm A\p-`-hn A\p-`q-Xn-I,- Bi--I, kwLj-, thh-em-Xn-I, AXn-\n-S-bn F\nv e`n-p-sIm-n-cp kwXr]vXn CsXms hni-Zo-I-cn-m Ign-bp-I-bn. Zpbm-hns A[nI
Imcy-fpw Rm adp. Fs \nc--c-amb bm{Xbpw s\tm-hpw
\nep. h-tmgpw hon t]mbn-hcpw. Npcp--n icocw Zpbmhn-em-sW-nepw a\v asmcp temI-m-bn-cpp. A-c--fn-eqsS
B am\-kn-Im-h shfn-hm-m Rm Ai--\mWv. Cpw B
Ime-Lw hn{i-a-th-f-bn a\-n HmSn-sbpw. icocw tImcn-cnpw. Amlp F\nv \Inb B alm-`mKyw Hmp-sImv
Ip-\o s]m-gnpw. hnip Jp-B-\nse Hmtcm hN-\-hp-ambn kwh-Zn-m e`n Cu Akp-e-`m-h-k-c-t-m hep-Xmbn Hcp
hnizm-knv as-m-Wp-Xv?-!- Fs PohnXw Hcp ]dn-p-\-S-em-bn-cpp Fp ]d-m icn-bm-Iptam? Ftm F\n-smpw Adn-pIqSm. ssIIm-ep-I hnd-pp. thp-thp sImm-sW-nepw
ss[cyw ssIhn-SmsX Rm ]Xps \S-p-I-bdn. Am-lp-hns
al-mb A\p-{K-l-mepw HuZm-cy-mepw B `mc-ta-dnb IrXyw
Rm ]qo-I-cnp. Fs Kpcp-\m-Y Xs hmv ]menp. A-tmg-tm ]cn-tim-[-\bpw th \nt-i-fpw \In-sm-n-c-p-Xv
F\nv henb inbpw klm-b-hp-ambn `hnp. 1955 Rm BZys lv \n-ln-m t]mIp--Xn\v apv Jp-B XP-a-bpsS-bpw hymJym-\-n-sbpw tPmen ]qo-I-cn-n-cpp. AlwZp
enmlv!
hm- apdnp apdnv Fgp-Xnbpw tijw Bb-ns
Aw ]q-ambn sImSppw Xmsg hni-Zo-I-c-W--tfmSpw Ad_nae-bmf en]n-bn-emWv XP-a ]qn-bm-n-bXv. Av km[m-c-

185

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

W-mn-S-bn apkvenw hoSp-I-fn Ad_nae-bmfw ae-bm-f-tm-tfsd {]Nm-c-n-ep-m-bn-cpp. an-hmdpw kv{XoI Cu en]n

hmbn-p-am-bn-cpp. am{X-a,- ae-_m-dn Htsd Zkp-I ]n-I-fn \S-p-h
- n-cpp. Zkp-If
- nepw Fgp-Xnbpw hmbnpw ioen-p-Xv
Ad_nae-bmfw Xs. Cs\ aX-hn-Zymn-I-fnepw km[m-c-Wm-cnepw kv{XoP-\--fnepw km-{Xn-I-ambn {]Nm-c-n-ep
Ad_nae-bmf en]n-bn ]cn-`mj cNn--s-m Jp-B-\p-ambn
_-ap-m-m apkvenw _lp-P-\-v Ffp--am-Ip-sa kZpt-iy-amWv CXns ]nnse {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-oXv. AXv Hsms ^ew sNbvX-Xm-bn-mWv A\p-`hw. Am-es GXmv apgph Zkp-I-fnepw ]Tn-n-p-hm\pw ]Tn-m-\p-ap kuI-cymw
Cu ]cn-`mj D]-tbm-Kn-n-cp--Xmbn {]km-[-I-cn \npw a\-n-emm Ign-n-pv. ]cn-`mj hmp--h-cn-eqsS Ahm-Wtm
Imcyw a\-n-em-m Ign-bpI.
Dss_-Zn _pv Untm-hns DS-a- Ap _pp-I-fmbn
Ap PpkvAv BZy-Lw {]kn-o-I-cnp. Rm lv \n-lnm 55 t]mIp-Ibpw AhnsS ]T-\-n-mbn nc-Xm-a-k-am-pIbpw sNbvX-Im-ev Fs B-an-{Xhpw kpDuZn ]uc-\mbn
AhnsS nc-Xm-a-k-am-nb tZl-hp-amb A_vZp-d-Du^v asse_mcn Xs kzw sNe-hn Ap PpkvAv \mn {]kno-I-cnp.
A_vZp-d-Du^v aue-hn-bpsS Cfb ktlm-Z-c\pw B \nev Xs
Rm\pw kvt\lw \In-h bphmhpw XncqmSv Xma-kn-n-cp,
Ad_n Aym-]I
- \
- mbn dn-b sNbvX hy-n-bp-am-b- sI.kn. apl-Zpn kmln-_mWv \mn \np-sImv Xs tPyjvT-m-cmb
R-fpsS Cu B{Klw \S-n-em-p--Xn\v Bh-iy-am-b-sXmw
sNbvXp-t]m-Xv. 1959 Rm ]T\w Ignp \mn aS-n-sbn.
]v PpkvAv ]v _pp-I-fmbn {]kn-o-I-cnp. tij-ap ]v
PpkvAv kn.-Fv. apl-Zv kkp-Im Xs {]kn--s-Spn.
A-s\-bmWv AXo-h-`m-c-ap Cu alm kwcw`w ]qo-I-cn-Xv.
]noSv kn.Fp-Im Xs Bdp hmey--fmbn apXv PpkvCsbpw XPa Hnv e`n----hw ]pd-n-dn. AXv ]e
]Xn-p-I-fn-embn hopw hopw A-Sn-n-pv. IqSmsX Bb-pIsf Aw am{Xw AXn \npw t{ImUo-I-cnv AXym-hiy Ipdnp-I klnXw Fs A\p-hm-Z-tmsS XP-p-am-\p Jp-B

186

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F t]cn H hmey-ambn ae-bmf en]n-bn kn.Fp-Im Xs

]pd-n-dn. AXpw At\I ]Xn-p-I-fn-embn ]Xn-\m-bn-c--W-n\v
tImn-I hn-gn-n-cn-p-sa-mWv Rm a\-n-em-p-Xv. e-W-n\v apkvenw-Ifpw Aap-kvenw-If
- p-am- b P\- Cu XP-ab
- p-ambn
CXn-\Iw _w m]n-p-I-gn-n-pv. CXn-eqsS Fs t\cn
ImWm Htsd ]Tn-Xm- F\nv Dm-bn-pv. \o bm{X-nS-bn ]te-Sv shpw Ccw ]Tn-Xm- Fs-b-Spv hv hnhcw ]d-bp-Ibpw t\cn I-Xn ktm-jhpw Bm-Zhpw tcJs-Sp-p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- A\p-`-h- Fm-Sp-apv. Hn-hnsS ]dbmw. H-mew kztZin, sI.Pn-. cmL-h \mb. kwkvIr-X-nepw
ae-bm-f-nepw ]WvUn-X. Ihn-X-sb-p-dnv Ah-Km-l-amb ]mWvUnXyw! Ctlw A]q-amb Hcp IrXyw \n-lnp. At\I hj-fpsS ITn-\m-zm-\-m hnip Jp-B apgp-h Ihn-Xm-cq-]n ae-bm-f-n-tev XPa sNbvXp. B alZv {K-ns Hcp
tImn, Xncq-cn-ep Fs kplrv tUmIvS Ah F\nv
Xp. kmaq-lnI ta t_mUns sNbt]-gvk-Wm-bn-cp {]apJ
kmaq-lnI cmjv{Sob {]hI Ja-dp-n-k-bmWv Ah-dns
]Xv\n. Ihn-X-bp-ambn F\nv _-an. Fnepw Rm Ipd-sms t\mn. F-s kl-{]-h-I\pw kl-Im-cn-bp-amb F.F. laoZns klm-b-n B IrXn Rm Iptd hmbnp tIp. efn-X-amb
ssien. B-pw a\-n-em-m-hp coXn-bn B IhnXm kam-lmcw
cNn--s-n-cpp. ]cn-tim-[-\-bn ^mXzn-lm-kq-d-ns An Hcp hmv hnp-t]m-b-Xmbn Ip. GsXmcp aZvdkmhnZymnpw I-s-m Ign-bp ]niIv Xs. Rm DSs\ Fs
_m[yX \nd-thn. Jp-B-t\mSv Iqdp-]m-en-pI F _m[yX. {io
cmL-h \m-bv B Ipdhv Nqn-m-Wn-p-sImpw Fm Atl-ns A]q-amb, ZoL-Ime ITn-\m-zm-\s A\p-kva-cn
tijw At-ls ]pI-gvnbpw Hcp-]mSv \n tcJ-s-Sp-nbpw
Rm- I-bp. sXv t_m[y-s \ne-bn AXv Nqn-m-Wn-Xn h-fsc \n tcJ-s-Sp-nbpw ASp ]Xn-n Xncp-t hmNIw FgpXn Fs A`n-{]mbw tNmZn-p-sImpw Ghpw Db
am\yX ]pen-bmWv {io. \mb Ins\ kzoI-cn-Xv. \psS
henb ]WvUn-X-m-cn t]mepw Rm In-n-m Ffn-abpw
kmwkvIm-cnI Hu-Xyhpw B In Rm Zinp. am{X-a,
Fs At-lw hf-sc-m-e-ambn Adnbpw Fpw In-epv.

187

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F\nv Ap-X-ambn. Rm At-l-ns t] BZy-amWv tIp-Xv. F\nv At-ls ImWm ]qXn-bmbn. tUm. Ah-dnt\mSv Rm Fs B{Klw ]dp. Atlw Ftm-sSmw {io.
cmL-h \mbsc kin-m hp. R H-m-e-p Atl-ns hk-Xn-bn-sen. {]mbm-[n-Iyhpw oW-hp-ap Ah-bn-emWv. ]pd-p-t]m-Im-dn. hfsc t\cw R kwkm-cnp.- ]eXpw Rm At-l-n \npw ]Tnp. Rm Cu hb-p-Im-epw
Hcp hnZymn-bm-sWv Hcn-IqSn F\nv t_m[y-ambn. Iqn Rm tNm-Znp. Av hf-sc--m-e-ambn Fs Adn-bp-sav
]d-tm.- F-s\-bm-WXv? Atlw ]pn-cnp. ""Da auehn
Ign ]Xn-m-p-I-fmbn Fs sXm-Sp-pv. AXm t\mq.''
tai-p-d-tv Nq-n.- Fs Jp-B XPa tai-p-dv Ccn-pp. dn\v kvXpXn! Rm tImcn--cnp. Aan-Xm-m-Zs \nb-{nm Rm tin-p. Fs I]o-en-In-S-bn Hcp \\hv. Rm
Fs dns\ kvXpXnp. Fm kvXpXn-I-sfbpw DS-b-h Ah-\mWtm. Jp--Bs Aw Ihn-Xm-cq-]-n cNn-m ae-bm-f-n AXns Ahpw kmchpw BZyw ]Tn-Ww. Cwo-jnepw aebm-f-n-ep-ap ]cn-`m-j-I Hp-t\m-Ww. ae-bm-f-n hfsc
efn-X-ambn AXv- -{K-ln-m Fs ]cn-`mj ]e-tmgpw DX-In-bn-ps-mWv {io. cmL-h \mb FtmSv ]d-Xv. Rm hopw
Am-lp-hn-s\ kvXpXnp. CXp-t]mse \qdp-I-W-n\v A\p-`-h-
Fs bm{X-bn-ep-S-\ofw Dm-bn-pv.
kn.Fv. apl-Zv B v kkv Ad_n ae-bm-f-n-ep Bdphm-ey--fpsS ASn Cm-ev \nn. ae-bmf en]n-bn-eq-sS-bp Fgppw hmb-\bpw apkvenwI-n-S-bn km-{Xn-I-ambn {]Nm-c-n h-tm CXv C\n Bh-iy-an-sv Ah [cnp. aebm-f-n-ep H-{]Xn am{Xw {]N-cn-n-p-sIm-n-cpp. ]s, ASp-Im-ev Ad_n ae-bmf ]cn-`m-jm-{Kw hopw {]kn-o-I-cnt-n-hp. ]g-b-Ime {]Xn-I ]cn-tim-[nv Xncp-p-s-n
sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-m Fs-b-Sp-tv sImSp--bp. \m\m-`m-K-fn \npw Bh-iy-m I-b-p--Xn-\m ]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-cWw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-pp FmWv Ah ]d--Xv. ]v PpkvAv
hoXw aqp hmey--fmbn Cd-m Xocp-am-\n hnh-chpw ]d-p.
AXns BZy-hmeyw {]kn-o-I-cn-Xv Rm Ip. ]no-Sp hn-

188

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hcw Rm At\z-jn-n-n-. ]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-cWw Bh-iy-sv h

Ip-I-fn ]eXpw kpn apkven-bm--fp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-p-shpw
Rm Adnp. Zkp-I-fnepw aZvd-k-I-fnepw Jp-B ]Tn-n-m
Ffp--amK-hp-ambn Ah CXns\ Ah-ew-_n-p-pv. hmp-I
apdnv- apdnv Aw ]d-p-sIm-Sp-m\pw kzbw ]Tn-m\pw CXv
klm-b-I-am-sW-p A\p-`-h-amWv Fs ]cn-`m-jsb Ah kzoI-cn-m-\p ImcWw Fs-\n--dnbmw. Fm Fs t]cv ]dm Ah i]npw! Inp thZn-I-fn-sems Fs Bt-]npw! t]\-sb-Sp-m Fs No- ]-d-bp Hcp hmN-I-sa-nepw
Ipdn-m-Xn-cp-m Ahv hniv sISp-I-bn! hm-smcp hKw
Xs! C-c-m-cpsS idn \npw Amlp Cu kaq-ls
tamNn-n-p-am-dm-Is!
ASp--Im-e-mbn hm-smcp B{Klw. Ad_n ae-bmfw
Jp-B XPa B\p-Im-en-I-amb Nne hni-Zo-I-c-W--tfmsS aebm-f-n-tev `mjm-cw sNWw. Fs Cu alm Xnc-n AXns\-hnsS kabw?- BZys tiw thn-h-cn-s-nepw AXym-hiyw
Nnbpw ]T-\hpw ]cn-tim-[-\bpw IqSmsX Ign-bn. 70Ifn sImnbn Ign-p-Iq-Sp Imev Fs kvt\ln-X F.F.laoZv {]tXyIw Xmev]-cy-sa-Spv CXn\v {ia-am-cw-`n--XmWv. kp-c-amb
ssI---c-ns DS-abpw Bn-p-am-bn-cp Fs ap-en_v am Ipd-sms AXv ]In Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. an-Ww.
Fs app am-sd-p-dnv cp-h-cn-I-sf-gpXn A\p-kva-cn-msX
F\nv CXv XpS-cm h. Fs lrZ-b-]qw kvt\ln, Fs
kz`m-h-Kp-W-fpw kz`m-h-t-Sp-Ifpw Dsmv Fs kvt\ln-,
F\n-smcp Xe-th-Z\ Fp ]d-mt]mepw B XSn Npp-I
hnXp-p, Fs app am! tlm Cs\ a\p-jyv kvt\lnm Ign-bptam? Fv Ct-l-s-p-dnv Rm ]e-tmgpw Btem-Nn-n-pv. Rm Hcn- Akp-J-ambn sImn almcmPmkv
Bip-]-{Xn-bn GXm\pw Znh-k- InS-t-n-hp. Av appamjvv Hcp hmin-bm-bn-cpp,- Fs `Ww Atlw sImp-h-cpsav.- Atlw Hcp kvIq slUvam--dm-bn-cpp. {ia-I-c-amb HutZym- K nI IrXy- \ n- l - W - n- \ n- S - b nepw t^mv sImn- b psS
At-X-e- \nv Intem-ao--tdmfw sskn Nhnn hon
Xm-dm-nb `Ww Sn^nIm-cn-b-dn-emn ka-bm-k-abw Bip-]-

189

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

{Xn-bn-sepw. Rm AXv Ign-p-Xv Hcp {]tXyI B-Xr-]vXntbmsS t\mn-bn-cnpw. Rm `Ww Ign ]m{X- Igp-Im
Fs A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bn. Nne-tm kzbw -I-gpIpw. kabw A[nI-cn-m AXv sImp-t]mIpw. CsXms Rm Fs\ adpw.
Fs kvac-W-bn amsX \np app-am- 1984 Ham-\nse akvI-nshv ac-W-a-Sp. B kvt\l-k---amb apJw Hcn IqSn ImWm Ign-n. AhnsS Xs At-ls kwkvIcn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. Cs\ KmV-ambn Fs kvt\ln-p,
]np- W - p Ipsd- b m- f p- I ]te- S - - f n- e mbn Dm- b n- c pp.
Ctm-gp-apv. ISp i{Xp-Xbpw FXnpw hntcm-[hpw hnhn[ cq]n Fs hebw sNp-tmgpw ]np-S-cp-tmgpw Am-lp-hns\
Ign-m Fs `uXn-I-in Fs kvt\l-h-e-b-am-bn-cpp. 1979 ae-pdw Pn-bnse ]pfn- ]mS-ti-J-c-n \S apPm-lnZv
kwm\ alm-k-t-f-\-ns A-Xn-a-t\m-l-c-amb {]th-i-\-I-hmSw
Unssk sNbvX-Xpw cp-am-k-m-es i-f-an-m eosh-Spv IhmSw \nn-Xpw Fs Ba-n-{X-amb app-amjv Bbncpp. At-l-ns klm-bn-I-fmbn sImn-bn \np-Xs Nne
kplr-p- henb tkh\w An-n-cpp. kvacW am{X-bn
Fs hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\m-p, Fs a\-ns anSn-p-In-S-bn
Xn-\np ap-en_v am ! Am-lpth, Fs app-amjvv \o _k-Jn-bmb kuJyw \In A\p-{K-ln-t-Wta!
Rm ]d-p-h-Xv Jp-B XP-a-bpsS ]p\-cm-hn-jvI-c-W-amWv. sImn-bn \S B {iaw hnP-bn-msX t]mbXv Fs Xncp-]n-Sn ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kk-_o-ens {]kn-o-I-c-W-nse
Azm-\hpw \nanw AS-n-bn-cpp {in-m Ign-bm-Xv aqeam-bn-cpp. Fnepw Bi a\-n Dudn-n-Sp. ASp--Im-ev
AXv ]X-p-s]mn. Fs aI ap_m-dpw laoZpw hopw Fs aptmv Xn. Fgp-Xm Hcm IqSntb Ignbq. AXn\v sNehpv. AXv hln-m IpSpw-_-nse Nne Ipn-Ifpw ap_m-dpw
Xm-dmbn. C{X-bp-am-b-tm h-tmgpw Hgnhv Inp k`-fn
am{Xw Iptds \S-n-tm Cu Imcyw thK-X-bn-em-m Fs
a\v \n_-np. Ctm Am-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-m AXns ]qo-I-cWw GXmv Bbn--gnp. C\n AXv Hcp hmb\v hnt[-b-am-Ww. cp-aqv t] Ccpv thWw AXv \n-ln-

190

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m. ]e N-Ifpw thn-hcpw. Fs tam ap_m-dIv eohn\v

hcp-Xpw Imn-cn-p-I-bmWv Rm. Ahs\ AXn\v sImpw
FmWv Fs hnizmkw. A^vf-ep Dea ]mmb tijw kpDuZn-bnse aZo\m bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bn \mep hjw D]-cn-]-T\w \Snb Ahs\ AXn-\p-sImpw. F{Xbpw thKw Ah hs-n.
a\-n kZm Hcp tXm, F\nv imizX temI-t-p bm{Xbvv ka-b-ambn Fv. AXn\v apv Cu hmb\ Hv \S-p-In-nsb-n! Am-lp-hns hn[nsb adn--ISv Nnn-t. Hmtcm Imcyhpw Ah \n-bn {]Im-c-at \S-p-I-bpq. Am-lp-hn
icWw!asmcp Imcyw CtXm-S-\p-_-nv ]d-tb--Xpv. Ad-_n-a-e-bmf-n cNn Fs Jp-B XPa {in--s \ne-bn-em-Ip-Ibpw ]qn-I-cmb ap^-n-dp-I-fpsS \ne-]m-Sn \npw Hpw hyXn-Nen-msX Xs Xm-dm-p-Ibpw sNbvX-sX \ne-bn ]WvUn-Xmn-S-bn AwKo-Imcw e`n--Xn-sbpw ]nn Fs XpW
{][m\ klmbn Fs Kpcp-hmb sI.Fw. auehn Xs-bm-bn-cpp.
sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS kq ]cn-tim-[-\bvv hnt[-b-amb IrXnsb \ne-bn ke^n BZim-`n-ap-Jy-ap--hn-S-bnepw CtXp-dnv Hcp hnizm-kyX hp-IqSn. kn.F. AlvaZv aue-hn-bpsS
]cn-`m-j-bnepw hymJym-\--fn-ep-ap Ip{]-kn--amb ]e hyXn-N-e\-sf Xpdv ImWn-Xpw CXn\v Hcp Imc-W-ambn `hnp.
Cu kml-N-cy-n henb [\m-Vycpw kmaq-lnI {]ap-J-cp-amb
He-h-tmSv sI.]n. ktlm-Z-c-m sI.Fw. aue-hnsb Iv Fs
XP-a ae-bm-f-n-tev en]n amw \Sn {]kn-o-I-cn-m Bi
{]I-Sn-n-p-Ibpw A`n-{]mbw Bcm-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. auehn Ahsc t{]mm-ln-np. kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS ]cn-`m-j-bn Atlw
hcp-nb {Ia-t-Sp-Isf Nqn--dpw AXn\v ^e-{]-Z-amb \nebn adp-]Sn Fgp-Xnbpw CXv hn]p-e-amn {]kn-o-I-cn-m Ah
k-Xnp. Cu hnhcw auehn FtmSv ]d-bp-Ibpw A`n-{]m-b-am-cmbp-I-bp-ap-mbn. Rm Fv A`n-{]mbw ]d-bm? auehn Xocp-am\n-p--Xp-t]mse Fp am{Xw. F\nv AXy-[n-I-amb ktm-jap-mbn Fv {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xn-tm.
]s, Ipdv Ign--tm B Xocp-am\w amdn. F. Aehn auehn (FS-h) ]n.sI. aqkm auehn (]pfn-) apl-Zv Aam\n

191

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

auehn (hmWn-b-ew) Fn-h tNv Xm-dm-nb ]cn-`mj

sI.]n. ktlm-Z-c-m {]kn-o-I-cn-p--Xmbn Adnp. Ah-cpsS
Xocp-am\w Cu \ne-bn amdn-a-d-Xv F-s\-sbpw Imc-W-saspw Ctmgpw F\n--dn-bn. CXns tat\mw sI.Fw. auehn-bm-sW--dn--tm aue-hn-tbmSv AXv At\z-jn--W-sav
tXmn. ]s, AXv thsv shp. aue-hn-bm-Is, Hpw ]d-Xp-an-. Xmm-en-I-amb Hcp \ncm-im-t_m[w F\n-p-mbn.
{ItaW AXn\npw Rm a\-ns\ tamNn-np.
As\ ta]-d Jp-B hnh-c-W-ns Hcp `mKw {]kno-Ir-X-ambn. ]noSv AXv XpS-cm sI.]n. apl-Zv kmln-_n\v
Fp-sImtm Ign-n. XpSp cN-\-bn F. Aehn auehnbpw Aam\n aue-hnbpw am{X-ambn. {]kn-o-I-cWw \Zvh-p
apPm-ln-Zn\p thn sImn-bnse hyh-kmb{]ap-J-\m-bn-cp km-se
apl-Zv C_vdmlow tkv Gs-Spp. Ipd-p-IqSn Ign--tm-
cN-\-bpsS apgp-h Npa-X-ebpw apl-Zv Aam\n aue-hn-bn \nn]vX-ambn. hj--fpsS IT-n-\m-zm-\-n-eqsS auehn AXv ]qnbmn. Bdp `mK--fmbn apgp-h {]kn-o-I-cnp. Aam\n aue-hnbpsS ac-Wm-\-cw \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo {]kn-o-I-cW hn`mKw
tIc- f - s am- msI, K^v ae- b m- f n- I n- S - b nepw hym]- I - a mbn
_pnv FSp-p-sImv \mep hmey--fn-embn CXv ]p\x-{]-kno-I-cnp. GXmv ka-{K-amb hymJym-\-tm-sS-bp Cu JpB hnh-cWw Cv ae-bm-f-n e`y-amb GXp X^vko-dn-t\mfpw anI-hp--Xm-sW--dn-bn-p--Xn F\nv A\]-amb
ktm-j-apv. ]WvUn-X-mpw {]kw-K-Ipw Fgp-p-Impw Hcp-t]mse d^-dkmbn D]-tbm-K-s-Sp Hcp al-mb hymJym-\-{K--amWv CXv. Hcp Kpcp-\m-Y-s\-tmse Rm BZ-cn-p
{]K--\mb ]WvUn-X-\mWv Aam\n auehn. Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knv
Jp-B hnti-jn-n Fm e-W-fpw Hn-W-nb ]WvUnX. cq]-nepw `mh-nepw s]cp-am--nepw Hcp km[m-cW a\pjy. hn\-bhpw Ffn-abpw Xs kz`m-h-ambn Pohn-X-n-ep-S-\ofw
\ne-\nnb alm. cN-\-bn ]qn-I-cpsS ]mX-bn \npw
A-]w-t]mepw hyXn-N-en-msX,- BZyw kqvaX ]men-p-sImv At\-I-hj--fsS Nnbpw ]cn-tim-[-\bpw ]T-\hpw ka-\zbn-n-s-Sp Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS Jp-B hnh-cWw ae-bm-f-

192

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n cNn--s Ghpw B[n-Im-cn-I-amb X^vko Xs-bmWv.

Jp-B-\nse GsXmcp hnj-b-s--n-bp N-bnepw- ]T-\-nepw ]WvUn-X-m Aam\n Fp ]d-bpp Fv ]cn-tim-[n-m-dpv.
Rm\pw As\ Xs. Cu X^vko-dns B[n-Im-cn-IX A{Xbvpw {]ikvXn t\Sn--gnp. Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eqsS Cu IrXn \ne-\npw. Jp-B-\ns kqW-amb ]T-\-n\v Fm-hpw D]-I-cnp Hcp al-mb {]b-Xv\-ambn CXv {]knn {]m]np Ignp.
]e-tmgpw Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS hymJym-\- {in-t-n-h-cp
L--fn F\nv app-mb \ncm-im-t_m-[-s-p-dnv tJZ-]qw Rm Hmm-dpv. As kw`-h- Cu \ne-bn amdn-adn-Xv F{X \mbn Fv Biz-kn-p-Ibpw Am-lp-hns\
kvXpXn-p-Ibpw sNpp. C{X henb ^e-kn-n-bp Hcp JpB hnh-cWw ae-bm-fn-Iv kz-am-I-W-sav Amlp Ahs
HuZm-cy-m \n-bn-n-cpp. B Imcyw Ghpw `wKn-bmb \ne-bn \S-n hp. B Xocp-am-\s amn-a-d-m Bpw Ign-bp-Ibn. e--W-n-\m-fp-I Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS cN\m sshZ-Kv[yn \npw m\w t\Spp. JpXv_-I \n-ln-p ]WvUn-X-m aptJ-\bpw Xqen-I -N-en-n-p cN-bn-Xm- aptJ\bpw B hnm\w P\--fn-tev Hgp-In-sm-t-bn-cn--pp.
hm- \ocp-d-h-t]mse.- apdn-p-t]m-Im Hcp al-mb kI-ns Af-hp {]Xn-^ew Fs BZ-c-Wo-b-\mb kplrn\v
Bin-m-hp--XmWv. B {]Xo-bpw {]m-\-bp-ambn, hn\-btmsS,Ffn-a-tbmsS Fs Aam-\n- -bm{X t]mbn--gnp. At-ltm-sSmw kzK-n IS-m Cu km[p-hn\v Gsd tamlapv. Am-lpth, \o I\n-tb-Wta.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

29
XncqmSv \nv Htcm
1993 Unkw-_ 5, Cs\ sImhpw amkhpw Xn-Xnbpw IrXyambn Hmm Ign-Xv Fs Hm-bpsS KpWa. Av heq F ev aqv Znh-k-ambn \S-p -h-cp Hcp aX-{]-`m-jW-ns Ah-km-\-Zn-h-k-am-bn-cpp. Av XncqmSv \npw Ipd-v

193

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kvt\ln-X-m Hcp Pos-Spv {]kwKw tIm t]mIp-p-mbn-cpp. Iq-n Rm\pw Xm-dmbn. {]kwKw tI F\nv
hfsc CjvS-ap Imcy-amWv. Nne-tm kpn apkvenbm- {]kw-Kn-p kZ-n Rm sNn-cnpw. Fs ImWp-tm
Ahv BsI Hcp Fcn-n-emWv. Rm ASpv Fhn-sS-sb-nepw
Ccn-p-p-sv Adn-mepw nXn AXv Xs. Hcp-]mSv A\mh-iy- ]dbpw. ]cn-l-knpw. Bt-]npw. kk-_o amknI-bn Fgp-Xn-bn-p-sv Btcm-]nv ]e If-hp-Ifpw Xn-hnSpw. Bfp-I Rm ]cn-k-c-p-s-n Fs t\mn ]cn-lm-k-]qw
Nncnpw. Rm a-tbmsS Fmw tIpw. ]nt-Zn-hkw "C-es hAZv'- Fv Xe-hm-NIw sImSpv Cu Akw-_--v
t\mo-kn-eqsS adp-]Sn \Ipw. kvt\ln-X-m Nne-tm imknpw. "auehn Atmv t]mtI'. ]s, F\nv AXv Hcp lc-amWv. FXn-cm-fn-Iv Fcn-nepw. apPm-lnZv bph ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS
{]kwKw tIm F\nv sImXn-bmWv. ]ecpw {]K--ambn
{]kw-Kn-p--h-cmWv. Fw.Fw. AIv_, kpssl Np-d, kIcn kzemln, kem-lp-o auehn, C_vdmlow _pkvXm\n, sI.hn.
A_vZp-o^v auehn, \nAvapm ^mdqJn, A_vZpd-lvam
ke^n, kpss_ aS XpS-nb bphm- \ {]kw-K-I-cmWv.
t]cv Ctm Hmahcm Htsd t] thsd-bp-apv. Hmtcm-cp-pw hyXy-kvX-amb ssien-bpv. Nne-tm Nne ]pXnb Imcy-
]Tn-m\pw km[n-m-dpv. tIc-f-nse bph ]WvUn-X-m-cn Ghp-a-[nIw In-hy-Xym-k-at\y P\-{i BIjn Hcp bph-{]-Xn-`bmWv Fw.Fw. AIv_. "anivIm-p lJv'- (kXy-ns hnf-pamSw) F al-mb {]m-\-ns Ub-dI
-- vS-dmb AIv_
ss__n-fnepw sslh thZfnepw Ah-Kmlw t\Snb {]K{]`m-j-I\pw Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-ambn Gsd ti-m`n-n-cn-p-p. AIv_dns Akm-am-\y-amb Ign-hp-I Ipw tIpw Rm A-cv
t]mb k`--fpv. C{X sNdp-{]m-b-n C{X-Iv hnm\w
t\Sn-b-h Fs Hm-bn A]q-amWv. Ggp ]Xn-m-p-I
]Tnpw {]hnpw \mSp-\osf HmSn-\-S F\nv AIv_-dns
sshm-\n-I-amb Ign-hp-I-fpsS hc-v \nm t]mepw Al-X-bn-tm Ftmv en-p--Xn-t\-m-tfsd Bm-Zn-p-IbmWv Rm. ]p{X-hm--ey-tmsS Fs a\-n Rm IpSn-bn-cpnb B Ipn Ft-m F{Xtbm hen-b-h-\mWv F kXyw

194

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Rm Dsm-pp. A`n-am-\n-pp. A\p-{K-lo-X-\mb AIv_-dn\p-thn Rm {]tXyIw {]mn-m-dpv.

Jp-B Ah-X-cn-n--Xns Bh-iy-I-X-sb-p-dnv Hm-sSp-n-smv Hcn-Sv Cs\ ]d-bp-pv. ""Am-lp ]p-{X-s\kzo-I-c-np Fv ]d-bp--hsc XmoXv sNm thn''- (AIlv^v 4)- Cu {Kw Ah-X-cn-n-n-cn-pp Fv.- Amlp kXy-hnizm-kn-I-fn G]n B ZuXyw \nd-th-p--Xn \mw Gsd ]nnem-b-tmbn. t^mvsImn Ihn Ppam-Av ]n-hI J_m-\n Ay-hn-{iaw sImp alm{]Xn-`-bm-bn-cp knZv
k\m-D-mlv anX-fpsS hntbm-K-n\v tijw Hcp-\q-mv Imew
Cu ZuXy-\n-l-W-n\v \apv Bfn-msX IS-p-t]mbn. Fs
kvt\l]p{X-\mb AIv_ B hnShv at\m-l-c-ambn \nI-n-smv cwKv \nd-p-\npp. {InkvXy ]utcm-lnXyw Xsmcp hnm-\-`o-j-Wn-bmbn AIv_-dns\ Dp-t\m-pp. Bbn-c X-n-n \nd-bp almkZ-p-I-fn ]mXn-cn-am-cp-ambpw k\ymkn-am-cp-ambpw Bib kw]p-jvS-amb kwhm-Z-fpw N-Ifpw \Sp-Ibpw t{imXm--fpsS AkwJyw tNmZy-v apJm-apJw kapNn-X-ambn adp-]Sn \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv AIv_ ssP{X-bm{X \S-p-I-bmWv. hnm-\hpw {]i-kvXnbpw hn-p-tmdpw
Cu bphm-hn {]I-S-am-Ip hn\o-X-`mhw Fs Gsd kp-jvS-\mpp. al-mb KpW-e--W-am-WXv. Fs AIv_ IqSp-X
IqSp-X Db-c--fn-tev Ibdn Cu kap-Zm-b-n-ep-m-bn-o
henb hnS-hns\ \nI-p Hcm-{i-b-ambn `hn-s. Amlp Atl-n\v hep-Xmb A\p-{K-l- \Ip-am-dm-Is. XuloZv {]m\-ns {]K ka-\mb \mb-I, Fs _lp-am\y kplrv F.]n. A_vZpJm-Zn aue-hn-bpsS Pmam-Xm-hmb AIv_
Inco-S-n ]Xn cXv\w- t]mse tim`n-p-sIm-n-cn-s.
he-q-cn {]kwKw tIm t]mIm Xocp-am-\n--Xn Hcp
]gb kw`-h-ns kvac-Wbpw a\-n HmSn-sb-n-bn-cpp. Av
Rm B kw`hw lao-Zns\ tInp. Atm AXv Hm-p-dnp-I-fn Ds-Sp--W-sav FtmSv Bh-iy-s-n-cpp. CsX-gpXm Bcw-`n--tm he-q-cn t]mb XnXn Ipdn-p-sh-Xv laoZv
sXc-s-Spp. A-s\-bmWv IrXy-ambn sImhpw Xn-Xnbpw
ChnsS sImSp-m Ign-Xv. Av aqkm kzem-ln-bmWv {]kw-Kn-

195

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xv. hnjbw XuloZv. AhnsS sN-tm F\npw Ipdp ]dbW-sav ]qXn-bmbn. {]mkw-Kn-I-t\mSpw kwLm-S-I-tcmSpw A\p-hm-Zw
tNmZnp. Ah k-Xnp. apl-Zv \_n dkq-em-sWv {]Jym-]np kap-Zmbw A-n \_nsb FXnp-I-bmWv sNp-sXv GXm\pw DZm-l-W--fn-eqsS sXfn-bn-p-sImv ]Xn-\v
an\nv Rm kwkm-cnp.
Rm XncqmSv IpSpw-_-Xm-akw XpS-nb Imew. 1945em-Wv.he-q-cn Hcp hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw Dsv tIp. hnjbw: Jo_v
an-dn- Ib-dp-tm aB-ind hnfnv hmsf-Sp-v sIm-Sp-.
Am-ev aB-ind hnfnbpw hmsf-Sp-epw CmsX PpapA icnbm-Ip-I-bn-s- hnizmkw km-{Xn-I-amWv. \_n aZo- \v
lnPvd sN-Xn\v tij-amWv PpapA XpS-n-bXpw ]n-bp-m-bXpw.
]p- h j- - n- S - b n GI- t Ziw Aq- d n- e - [ nIw PpapA
\_n \S-n-b-Xm-bn ImWmw. Hscm Ppap-Apw aB-ind hnfnbpw
hmsfSp-v sImSp-epw Dm-bn-n-s--XmWv kXyw. \psS \mnse ]n-I-fn AXn-msX Hscm Ppap-Abpw \S-m-dp-an. \_n
bpsS Ncybpw apkvenbm--fpsS Ncybpw Xn-ep ssh-cpyw
CXn Zriy-amWv. apPm-lnZv {]m\w, aX-n hen-p-I-b-dnb
Ccw Htsd A\m-Nm-c-s-Xn-cn i-amb t_m[-h-XvIcWw Am-ev ]Xn-hm-n-bn-cpp. Xv kzm[o\w e`n-p
]n-I-fn \n-pw CsXm-gn-hmn amXrI ImWn-p-Ibpw sNbvXncpp. Hcp {]oPv {]iv\-sa \ne-bn apkven-bm- Cu hnj-bn hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v \nc-cw shp-hn-fnpw. ]e-tm-gpw
CXns\ t\cn-tS--Xmbn hcpw. Ftmgpw apkven-bm- Cu hnj-bn ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNpw. DSs\ Ah `qcn-]--ns
]npW D]-tbm-Knv kZ-n Ie-l-n\v hgn-sbm-cp-p-Ibpw
apPm-ln-Zp-Isf P-\w- B{I-an-m apXn-cp-Ibpw aue-hnsb ssItbw sNbvXpw `o-j-Wn-s-Sp-nbpw ]cn-]mSn Ae-tm-e-am-p-Ibpw
]Xn-hmWv. HSp-hn Ah Pb-t`cn apgn ]ncn-p-t]mIpw. Cpw
Gsd-psd Cs\ Xs-bmWv Imcy- ]cy-h-km-\n-p-Xv.
he-q-cn Av apPm-lnZv hn`m-K-n-\p-thn H-mew kztZin Hcp apl-Zv aue-hn-bmWv lmP-cm-bXv. F\nv At-ls
ap]-cn-N-b-ap-m-bn-cp-n. Ae-hn-pn apkven-bm Fsm-cm-fmbn-cpp kpo ]v t\Xmhv. Cu apkvenbm Ipdv \mv

196

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tijw InW-n \npw Ipf-n-tev F-t]mse Pam-As

Ckvem-an-bn-tev NmSn. ]nm-ev Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS
t\Xm-hm-bn-o apl-Zv ico^v auehn Ct-ls Atm-i\mbn kzoI-cnp. aIsf hnhmlw sNbvXp Fp kmcw.
XncqmSv \npw GXm\pw kplr-p--tfm-sSmv Rm\pw
he-q-cn-tev t]mbn. ]cn-]mSn XpSn. BZyw hlm_n ]v
\npw apl-Zv auehn {]kw-Knp. \_nbpsSbpw kzlm-_n-I-fpsSbpw Imev Cm-Xn-cp Hcp Imcyw aX-N-S-mbn Xn-q-n-bXmWv aB-ind hnfn-sbv Atlw sXfn-bnp. AXp-sImp Xs
CXv _nZvApw hPy-hp-am-sWv hni-Zo-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
XpSv Ae-hn-pn apkvenbm {]kw-Knp. At-l-ns hmZw
Npcp--n C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp. {]kn im^nCu I-imkv{X
]WvUn-X-\mb C_v\p-l-P sslXan CXv \ _nZv-A-m-sWv
]d-n-pv. ""Ipp _nZv-A-n feme'' Fm _nZv-A-p-Ifpw
]ng--Xm-Ipp FmWv {]hm-N-I ]d-n-p-Xv. kpn-I
CXn- ambw tNv \ _nZv-Av, No _nZv-Av Fn-s\
cp hn`m-K-amn. kap-Zm-b-n hen-p-I-bdn thcp-d apgp-h
inp-]-c-am-bXpw Am--Xp-amb A\m-Nm-c-pw sh-]q-ip-Xn\p thn-bmWv Cu \ _nZv-Av hmZw {]N-cn-n-Xv. Ah
hni-Zo-I-cn-p-tm-gm-Is \-X-msX No _nZv-A-mbn Hp-apm-Ip-I-bn. Pmd-n \ne-hn-fv sImfp-p-Xpw ]pjv]w hnXdp-Xpw \ _nZv-A-m-bn-ocpw. AXn-tev sXfn-hp-Ifpw D-cnn-pv. Ppap-Av hp-Iq-Sp--h ]te kwkm-c--fnepw Gsp
A{i--cm-bn-cn-p-I-bp-amWv. Atm Ah-cpsS {i JpXv_-bn-tev Xncn-p-hn-Sm-\p Hcp ap-dn-bn-mWv aB-ind sImp Dtiyw. AXp-sImv CsXmcp \ Imcy-am-Wtm. CXv ]d-Xv ta]-d Camw BWtm. C_v\p lP-dn-s\-p-dnv hfsc {]iw-knp
]dp. HSp-hn Cs\ D]-kw-l-cnp,- C_v\p lP X \cI-n-em-sW-n \appw \c-I-n t]mIp--Xn\v hntcm-[-an.
apkvenbm-cpsS hmNI-kn abn P\w lnb hnfnp.
XpSp kZv CfIn {]p-_v[-ambn. apkvenbm-cpsS K\w
tIv Bfp-I p`n-X-cmbn. aue-hnsb ssIImcyw sN-W-sav
Nne sXm-Sn-I hnfn-p-]-d--tm BsI X hnX-
sImsmcp tImem-l-e-ambn. Atm Rm apkvenbm-tcmSv At]-

197

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

np. Bfp-I \n-fpsS hmv tImWv B ]mh-s a\p-jys\

B{I-an-m-s\m-cp-p-Xv. \n-fn-hsc im-cmn ]ncn--b-Ww.
apkvenbm Hpw ]d-bp-I-bn-sv iTnp. km[p-hmb B a\p-jy
t]Snp hnd-p-I-bmWv. Rm DSs\ IqsS-bp kplr-p-sf
Iqn aue-hn-bpsS Nppw Hcp he-b-ap-mn. \n kam-[m-\nq,R-sfmw ASn-sImp hoW-ti-jta \nv Gp-I-bpp,- \nsf ChnsS hntv R t]mIn Fv ]dp Bizkn-np. F\nv At-ls Atm I ]cn-Nbw am{Xta Dmbn-cp-pq. Fnepw BZiw Rn- S - b n s]s- s mcp
B-_--ap--mn. As\ At-ls \Sp-hnepw Nppw RfpsS he-b-hp-ambn \S-p-\on. cmw temI alm-bp Imev
Ccp-ns Bh-iym-am-sWv ]d-bpp, sdbnth ]mf
]te-Sp \npw hen-s-Spp sImp-t]m-bn-cpp. \ne-q
sjmq sd-bn AXn-te-bmWv t]mIp-Xv. Imen-bmb B sdbnsh sse\n-eqsS R aue-hn-sbbpw sImv Am-Sn-p-dtv \Sp. Ipsd \S--tm B hgn-bn Fs Hcp _p-hns hoSv Hm-bmbn. AhnsS sNv hop-Imsc hnfn-p-Wn.
]mXn-cmhv Ign kabw. Ah-tcmSv hnh-c- ]dp. Cv cm{Xn
aue-hnv ChnsS A`bw \In cmhnse Am-Sn-p-dv sImpt]mbn _n Ib-n-hn-SWw. ]ptam? Fv tNmZnp. hop-Im-c
iqc-\mWv. "Rmt\p' Fv ss[cy-]qw ]dp. \n ]dpw
At-l-n\p thn {]mnpw R Xncqm-tv \Sp.
]noSv apkvenbm sXfn-hmbn ImWn C_v\p lP-dns Xplv-^
F Iimkv{X{Kw Rm ]cn-tim-[np. Atlw hnjbw
AXn hni-Zo-I-cn-p-I-bmWv. \_nbpsSbpw klm-_-n-sbpw
ke-^p-kzm-en-ln-I-fp-sSbpw Ime--fn Ccw Hcp k{-Zmbw
Dm-bn-cp-n-sv sXfn-bnv hni-Zo-I-cn-p-I-bmWv BZyw sNbvXncn-p-Xv. tijw ""Jo-e lk-\-p''- (Fm \-sXp CtXp-dnv ]d-b-s-Sp-pv) Fv ]d--tijw A-cm-cpsS \ymb- Cn--sXm-s-bm-sWv FSpv ]d-bp-pv. "Joe-'- (]-d-bs-p)- Fp-hs
- c-bp-Xv apkvenbm hnp-I-f tijw _mn-bp `mKw {K-Im-cs A`n-{]m-b-ambn Bfp-Isf tIn-p-IbmWv sNbv-XXv. kXyw ad-p-sh-p-Ibpw Ak-Xys kXy-amn
Ah-X-cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-hv kmcw. Fs sNdp--Im-ev Z-

198

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kn ]Tn-p-tm ]mn Alva-ZvIpn apkven-bm Bh-iy-m-cpsS lnX-n-s\mv ^Xvh Dm-n-sm-Sp-p coXn Rm t\cs hnh-cn-n-p-tm. CXp-X-s-bmWv apkven-bm--fpsS s]mXpsh-bp kz`mhw.
Ipdp \mfp-Iv ti-jw Cu apkvenbm XncqmSv al-p-]n-bn JXz-o-_mbn Npa-X-e-tbp. AXns ]nnepw ck-I-c-amb
Hcp kw`h IY-bpv. AhnsS t\cs JXo_pw Cam-ap-ambn Dmbn-cp apkvenbm alv \nhm-kn-Iv HmsI \mW-t-Sp-mnb Hcp ]Wn ]np! Xncp-am-mw-Ipp t{Xw F t]cn
Am-Sn-p-dv Hcp Ipnta {]kn--amb Hc--e-apv.- AtXp-dnv Huen-bm--sfv ]d-bp--h-sc-n {]N-cn-n-p--Xp-t]mse
]e sFXn-ly--fp-apv. hj-n-sem-cn- Znh-k- \op\np hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-tfmsS Kw`o-c-amb Dhw \S-pw.
Xom-S-Icpw Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-I ImWm-s\-p--h-cp-ambn hn
P\-q--am-bn-cnpw AhnsS! Pmd--fnse Ddqkp t]mse Xs.
Hcp]mSv I-h-S-mcpw tt{Xm-h ]d-n hs-p-Ibpw sNpw. Ahsmw \ I-h-Shpw \Spw. \psS IYm-]p-cp-j-\mb
apkvenbm D-h-]-d-n sNv I-hS mfp-I-fn Npn-\-S-p-Xn-\n-S-bn Hcp IS-bn \npw Hcp XpWn tamjvSnp Ac-bn XncpIn. mfn tPmen sNp Btcm CXv Iv Cbmsf ]nSn-IqSn. _lf-ambn. P\w IqSn. apkven-bmsc Adn-bp--h B Iq-n-ep-m-bncpp. ]n-bnse ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-sW--dn--tm IqSp-X Ipgw
hnfn-p-h-cp-t-sv IcpXn Ah apkvenbmsc hn-bp. hnhcw
\mn ]cp. BsI \mW-t-Smbn. At-b-s hj-f--amWtm apkvenbm ImWn-Xv. In-n-m Abmsf tNmZyw sNbvX-tm Abm \ymbw ]dp. B \ymb-amWv Cu IY-bnse ckI-c-amb hnjbw. ""Im^n-co-n--fpsS apX Rv lem-emWv''Fm-bn-cpp apkvenbm-cpsS ^Xvh !
km[m-c-W-bmbn apkven-bm- ]d-bp-Xv ASn hngp--emWtm P\--fpsS ioew. ]s, Cu In-n-mpw alp \nhmkn-Ipw apkvenbm-cpsS ^Xvh kzoIm-cy-am-bn. If-hn\v aXns ]cn-thjw \In c-s-Sm-\p apkvenbm-cpsS Cu
kq{Xw hn A]-ISw hcp-n-sh-p-sav In-n-bnse _pn-i-men- I a\- n- e mn. Ime- - f mbn \- \ n- e - b n kmap- Z m- b nI

199

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kulm-w \ne-\np Hcp {Kma-amWv XncqmSv. lnp-fpw

apkvenw-Ifpw hfsc kvt\l-n-emWv Ign-p-t]m-cp-Xv. Cpw
As\ Xs-bmWv. Abhmkn _-fpw A-s\-Xs.
apkven-bm-cpsS Cu I-hmZw AhnsS {]N-cn-p-Ibpw apkvenbm
Ahn-sS-Xs XpS-cp-Ibpw sNbvXm BsI {]iv\-amIpw. h sXm-Sn-Ifpw CXns ad-hn lnphoSp-I-fn Ibdn Ifhpw sIm-bpw \S-n-bm Im^n-co---fpsS apX Rv lem-em-sW-p apkven-bm-cpsS "at\m-l-c-amb ^Xvh'- {Iqc-amb Hcp hKo-b-I-em]w Xs Dm-n-q-sS-n. As\ Inn apkvenbmsc Ahn-sS
\npw thKw HmSnp. ]Icw Hcp JXz-o-_ns\ At\z-jn-p-tm-g-mWv- he-q hoc F-dn-b-s Ae-hn-pn apkvenbm \nt-in-s-Xv. hlm_n aue-hnsb aen-b-Sn hoc-\t? Cu BtemN-\-n-S-bn In-n-bn s] cp-t] FtmSpw A`n-{]m-b-am-cmp. kXyw ad-p-shv P\--tfmSv kwkm-cn-p Bsf-bmWv
\nm-h-iy-sa-n Cu Bsf Xs FSpmw Fv Rm AhtcmSv ]dp. Ah au\-ambn aS-n-tmbn. Ae-hn-pn apkvenbm Xs \nb-an-X-\mbn. R Xn ]e-tmgpw ImWpw. FsA-b-]--m-Wv- Xm-a-kw.- Rms\m-cn- At-l-tmSv tNmZnp. Xplv^-bn ImWp-Xv C {]Im-c-am-Wtm? ]ns Cu hn[w
amn--d--sX-n\v? adp-]Sn: Nne-tm-sgms As\ thnhcpw... C_v\p-l-P \c-I-n-em-sW-n \appw \c-I-n
t]mImw F hmv \n Hcn-epw ]d-b-cp-Xm-bn-cpp Fv
Rm D]-tZ-in--tm As\ ]d--Xn Hcp sXp-an Fmbn-cpp {]Xn-I-cWw! Atm Rm ]dp; CsXmcp tNmZy-amn ]v ]Wv-Un-X-m-bmw. \n \nt-in-p Apt]pw Rm ]d-bp Ap-t]pw. `qcn-]w \Ip adp]Sn \apv kzoI-cnmw. Atlw k-Xnp. tNmZyw Xm-dmn
adp-]-Sn-p mv klnXw Abp. sNehv Fs In \npXs. ss]kv henb hne-bp Imew. Fnepw kXyw t_m[ys-Sm-\t? Rm Biz-knp. Rm sXc-s-Sp Ap ]WvUn-X-m-cn sI.Fw. auehn, C.sI. auehn, Pam-Av m]I
Aao apl--Zen lmPn Fo aqp-t] am{Xta Ctm Hmppq. ]v t]cp-sSbpw adp-]Sn hp. Fm-hcpw GtIm-]nv A`n{]m-b-s-Xv As\ Hcp hnizmkn ]d-bm ]mSn-sv Xs-bm-bncpp. apl--Zen lmPn A]w hni-Zo-I-cn-p-Xs FgpXn. Cu

200

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

temI-p apgp-h a\p-jycpw \c-I-n t]mbmepw F\nv \cI-n t]mIm Ign-bn FmWv Hcp apkvenw ]d-tb-Xv. adp-]Sn-I apkvenbmsc ImWnp. -au\w am{Xw.- ]no-SmWv Ctlw
kpn-bn \npw Pam-As Ckvem-an-bn-tev amdn-bXv.
Ipd-p-Im-e-n\p tijw Atlw tcmKn-bmbn. Hcp hbth-Z\.
Xri-q-cn shv Hm-td-j \Sp. ]s, hb Xpd--tm-gmWv
IpS-en Imk-dm-sWv Is-n-bXv. Hn\pw ]m \ne-bn
Ah-i\mbn. NnIn-pw ]W-an. ISp Zmcn{Zyw. F\nv Atl-tmSv henb kl-Xm]w tXmn. Rm Cdn \Sp. ]e-tcmSpw hnhcw ]dp. Ipsd ]Ww tiJ-cnv At-l-n\v \In. ]etm-gmbn Cs\ thn-hp. Hcp BZi-hn-tcm-[n-bm-sW-nepw
Fs \mp-Im-c\pw Abhm-kn-bp-am-W-tlw.
CSv Hcp hmIjvWw: Xncq kztZ-in-bmb sambvXoIpn
ss^kn jmP-bnse Jq-^-m F ev Hcp sNdnb Ih-S-hp-ambn Ign-bpp. Xncq ss{]hv _kv mns {]th-i-\m-Xnn- b n ]Wn- X p- b nb at\m- l - c hpw X{{]- [ m- \ - h p- a mb
ke^o- akvPn-Zns Hcp {]h-I IqSn-bmWv ss^kn. ss^kn
FXv apkven-bm-cpsS B[p-\nI hmI-jvW-am-Wtm. ]n-m-Sp PmanA \qcn Ad-_n-tm-fPv kvYnXn-sN-p e-n\v
ss^km-_mZv FmWv Ah t]cn-n-cn-p-Xv. ]n-mSv Xs
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS Ckvem-an tImtf-Pns `mK-n\v
Ah im-]pcw Fpw t] \In-bn-pv. ss^kn ke-^n-bmbn
]cn-h\w sNbvX-Xns ImcWw Atlw Xs FtmSv ]d-XmWv. apI-fn ]d apkvenbm-cpsS at\m-`m-hs tXm]np DnWn henb apkvenbm-cpsS IY!
sambvXoIpn ss^kn PmanA \qcn--bnse hnZymn-bm-bncp Ime-mWv kw`hw. iwkp Deam Fv hmgv-s kakvX-bpsS P\-d sk{I-dn C.sI. A_q-_- apkvenbm-cmWv
{][m\ Aym-]-I. tamtU `mj-bn {]nkn-m. Cu sambvXoIpn ss^kn ka-kvX-bpsS Iogn-ep aX-hn-Zym-`ymk t_mUn ap^-n-iv (Ckvs]-IvS) Bbn Ipd-p-\m tPmen sNbvXnp-apv. hnZymn-bm-bn-cns Hcp Znhkw C.sI. A_q-_-
apkv-enbm Ahv mv FSpp. ^mXnl kqd-mWv ]Tn-np-Xv. Cm-I- \Av_pZp F Bb-ns Aw hni-Zo-I-cn-

201

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p `mKw Hcp {K-n \n-pw ]mT-sa-Sp-p- sIm-Sp-p-I-bmWv. \ns am{Xw R Bcm-[n-pp. ChnsS \ns am{Xw Fp-Xv {K-n hfsc hy-amn ]d-n-pv. Hcp hnZymn
tNm-Znp; ""DkvXmtZ am{Xw Fp-Xv AhnsS Dtm? \ns R Bcm-[n-pp Ft Dq!'' DkvXm-Zns adp-]Sn; ""DstSm, am{X-sav ]d-Xv CmI Fv apn--Xns A-amWv.
Fm X^vko-dp-I-fnepw AsX-Spv ]d-n-pv. hnZymn-bpsS
kw-i-bw- Xont.'' tNmZyw ]ecpw ]e coXn-bnepw Bhnp.
adp-]-Sn-bpw Bhnp. HSp-hn Hcp Ipn-bpsS tNmZyw. Zkv `mjbn Ipcp-w-sI tNmZyw! am{Xw F kmcw Chn-sS-bn-sv
atcn tImS-Xn-bn \S Hcp tIkns hnNm-c-W-bn DkvXmZv
]d-n-p-sv Rm tIn-pv AXv- icn-bmtWm DkvXmtZ!
C.sI. ]d-p; ""icn-bmWv. FtSm Ah-msc tXm]n-m Nnetm- A-s\-sbms thn-hcpw!'' sambvXoIpn ss^kn ]dbp-I-bmWv. Atm Fs a\-n Hcp hmv apg-p-hp. Ahmsc AXm-bXv apPm-ln-Zp-Isf tXm]n-m Im^n-dm-Im hsc
Ch Hcp--am-Wtm.
Bcm-[-\-bpsS Imcy-n "am{Xw' F \n_-\ Hgn-hm-nbm ]ns Ckvemw Zo C. Am-lp-hns\ Bcm-[nmw. IqsS
Fn-t\bpw GXn-t\bpw Bcm-[nmw. Fm Zo\pw Hp-Xs.
AXp-sImv Cu Iq-cp-am-bp _w apdn-msX c-bn Fv
a\-n tImdn-bnp. A-em-C-ep-p-n (kpn sXfn-hp-I) F
Hcp ssIs-gpv {K-apv. AXn \npw t\mv sImSpv ]Tnn-p-I-bmWv Ah-cpsS tImsf-Pp-I-fn ]Xnhv. FXm-bmepw ss^-kn
ke-^n-bmbn amdn. Cs\ ]e ss^kn-Ifpw kJm-^n-Ifpw Zmcn-anIfpw c-s-n-pv. ]s, ka-kvX-bpsS ]pm-c-tam apkvX-^ ss^kn c-s-n-n. Abm BZ-c-hmb DkvXm-Z-m-cpsS Ipcphpw s]mcp-hpw t\Sm Hcp Jp-B ]cn-`mj ]pd-n-d-n-.
aplvbn-o ame-sb i]n--s ]mn\v hymJym\w cNn--tm
e`n DhnfnbmWv Cu ]cn-`m-jbvv At-ls {]m]vX-\m-nbXv Fv {K-Im-cs Ipdn-n Atlw A`n-am\w sImp-pv. B ]cn-`m-j-bpsS tImew Fm-bn-cn-p-sav Duln-m-atm.
_lp-am-\-s DkvXm-Zns hmZ-sf nc-s-Sp-n-smv CmI-\Av_pZp-hns A-n \npw "am{Xw' F Ghpw {][m-

202

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\hpw ASn-m-\-]-c-hp-amb Aw apkvX-^ ss^kn FSp-pamn. hnj-b-ns ]cy-h-km\w t\cs hni-Zo-I-cn-n-pv. AXpsImv Bhn-p-n. \cIw tNmZn-p-hm-p ss^kn-am-cn
\npw Hcp I\-s DZm-l-cWw FSp-p-]-d-p-shv am{Xw.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

30
c-m-Wn-bn \nsmcp im K\w!
Xulo-Zns sISm-hn-f-mb Fs B-an{Xw ]n. sskZv aue-hn(c-mWn).- ip-amb \oscm-gp-p-t]mse lrZy-amb ssien-bn ame aueo-Zp-I-fnse amcI hnjw Xpfp-p hcn-I tasm-Snbmbn CS-nsS CuW-n ]mSp, a[p-c-a-t\m-l-c-amb, aWn-q-dpI \ofp {]`m-jWw! AXv Hcn- tI-h ]no-sSm-cn-epw
sskZv aue-hnsb ad-p-I-bn. ]v an\n-s-nepw sskZv aue-hnsb t]mse lrZy-ambn {]kw-Kn--W-sav Rm Hcp-]mSv tamln-npv. taml-`wKw am{X-am-bn-cpp ^ew. B {]`m-jWw tIm
F\n-s-smcp sImXn-bm-bn-cp-stm! aqv aWn-q-dn-tesd
\op-t]m-Ip kXy-ns B ktiw {ihn-n-cn-p P\-q-n-sem-cm-f-mbn Fmw adv Rm ebn-n-cp-n-pv. ]s, AkXy-ns hm-v sskZv auehn amdm Xe-th-Z-\-bm-bncpp. Xulo-Zns ap-Wn-tm-cm-fn-bmbn \mSp-\osf bm{X sNbvX
Fs kplrv Pohn-X-nse Zmcn-{Zy-tm-sSmw i{Xp--fn \npw ISp ]oU-\-pw Cc-bm-bn-pv. ]s, ke-^p-kzm-enlo-sf Hmn-n-p kl-\-hp-ambn Pohn B XymKn-h-cy Hcnepw Xfn-n. {]kw-K-th-Zn-bn-tev Itdv, tkmUm-Ipn Fdnp `oI-cX krjvSn-, thZn-bn \nn-d-p-tm Ic-W-Sn,
hkv{Xm-t]w, ]nd-In \npw CSn, Cs\ a\p-jy-n-im-Np--fpsS Fs-smw t{Zml- Atlw klnp. a-bpsS ]cym-bam-bn-cpp Atlw. sNdnb a Fv kpn-I hnti-jn-n-p
s]mm-\n-bn ke^o- BZi-m-cmb GXm\pw kplr-p-
tNv sskZv aue-hn-bpsS Hcp {]`m-jWw kwL-Sn-np. hn
P\-qw. CXv Iv ]nim-Np-v Ien-I-bdn. Ah a\p-jy-n-imNp-sf Cf-n-hnp. Ah tPv B{I-anp. tPn HmSn--bdn
sskZv aue-hnsb hkv{Xm-t]w sNm {ianp. apv hen-qcn.-

203

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

jv henp Iodn. anp. kwLm-S-I-cmb GXm\pw Nne kplrp- X-fpsS Poh shSnp aue-hnsb cn-m ITn-\mzm\w sNbvXp. Ahv ]nSn-Xv a-\-tap. A{I-an-I Hme-Sns ame sskZp aue-hn-bpsS Igp-n-enp Xo sImfp-m
{ianp. Zb-\o-bamwhn[w At-ls sIme-s-Sp--W-sap Xsbm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS Dtiyw.- `b--c-amb _lfw \S-p-p-shv
tIv amInv ]mn t\Xmhpw \mp-Im-c\pw Fw.F.Fbp-amb
Cn-n-_mh AhnsS HmSn-sbn. Npcp--n,- almhn]-n
\npw auehn F-s\tbm tamNn-X-\mbn. DSp-XpWn Btcm FhnsS \ntm FSp-p-sIm-Spp. Cn-n-_m-h-bpsS kmn[yw A{Ian-I ]nh-en-bm Imc-W-ambn. Atlw aue-hnsb Biz-kn-np. ]cmXn \Im t]meokv tj-\n-tev At-l-tm-sSmw
sNm Wnp. ]s, auehn Iqm-n-bn. kmc-an, F\nv
hon-tev t]mbm aXn FmWv Atlw ]d-Xv. ]mhw Fs
sskZv auehn F{X-Iv thZ-\n-n-cnpw. F{Xtbm kln-n-cnpw.
AtXmv ]e-tmgpw Rm Ic-n-pv. Ccw {Iqc-amb A\p`-h--sf-mpw Fs-tm-ep--hv Gt-n-h-n-n. Fpsh-m Am-lp-hns ASp- Zo\n-\p-thn bmX-\-I A\p-`hn--h-cpsS ]n-I-bn Atlw ]Z-hn-sImv Dbp. B `mKy-ns Hcp iX-am\w t]mepw F\nv e`n-m Al-X-bn-sv a\v a{n-p-tmgpw alm-\mb Fs sskZv aue-hn-sb-p-dnv ZpxJ]qw kvacn-p-tm- Rm ktm-jn-pp.
s]mm-\n-bnse {]-kw-K- ]cn-]mSn XpS-cm Ign-bn-sv t_m[yamb \ne-v \nn-sh-m {]h-I Btem-Nnp. ]s,
\oXn-am-\mb amInv t\Xmhv Cn-n-_mh k-Xn-n. ""Iyq-Wnp-Impw \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Ipw bpn-hm-Zn-Ip-samw ChnsS
{]kw-Kn-mw. bmsXmcp {]iv\--fp-an. apPm-lnZp aue-hn-amv am{Xw {]kw-Kn-p-Iq-sStm? Cu \mnse ]ucm-h-ImiewL\w Rm
A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bn.'' Atlw tcmjm-Ip-e-\mbn. ""sskZv auehn
\n-bn-s
- Znh-k
- ]qn-bm-Ww. Rm AhnsS kZ-n-
DmIpw. BcmWv XS-bp--sXv ImWs?-'' Atlw {]Jym-]np.
XpSv sskZv auehn cp Znhkw {]kw-Knp. A\--ap-m-bn.
Cn-n-_m-hbvv \mn-ep-m-bn-cp cmjv{So-bhpw kmaq-ln-I-hpamb in-bpsS Da DZm-l-c-W-am-bn-cpp AXv. Cu kw`-hw \Sp-tm Rm sImn-bn-emWv. 1973tem 74tem Fv Hm--bn.

204

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hnhcw t^m aptJ\ Adn--tXmsS F\nv s]mm-\n-bn-seWw. sskZv aue-hnsb ImWWw Fmbn. ]s, kplr-p-
Fs hnn. \n-fn-tm sNm Ipg-- hn-p-I-tbbpq F-h ]dp. Rm hgn. Fm cp Znh-k-v
tijw s]mm-\n-bn \npw Adn-bnp hp. cp Znh-kw Fs
]cn-]mSn A\ukv sNbvXn-pv,- FWw FmWv hnhcw. ]ns Rm CShpw hehpw Nnn-n. t]mbn. AXn-i--ambn Xs
cp Znhkw {]kw-Knp. hnImc hnp-_v[-\m-bn-cpp Rm. sskZv
aue-hn-bpsS ZpxJI-c-amb Ah Fs a\-ns\ aYn-p-I-bm-bncpp. ]c-am-h[n Rm \nb-{np. i-amb t]meo-kv _--hpw
Dm-bn-cpp. F\nv Cn-n-_m-hsb ImWWw. At-l-ns
hon sNv lrZ-bw-K-amb \n tcJ-s-Sp-Ww. AXv \psS
IS-a-bt? Rm kvt\ln-X-tc-mSv ]dp. A{]-Imcw hon t]m-bn.
]s, Atlw hon Dm-bn-cp-n. `mcy Fs kzoI-cnp, IpSn-m Nmb Xp. Rm Fs Ihyw \n-ln-p. hcptm-
Rm Adn-bnmw F-h Gp. bm{X-]-dp Fgp-t--tm
IuXp-I-ap-Wnb Hcp Imcy-ap-mbn.- B ktlm-Zcn Ipdp ss]k shp-\on. Rm Aw-hnp. sambvenbm--mv ssIa-S-p
]Xn-hmtWm? slbv, A-s\-bp-m-hn. CsXmcp Iyq-Wnv t\Xm-hns hoSt? At-l-ns `mcy-bt? Hcp \n-an-js Nn!
Atm-gmWv Rm Adn-bp-Xv, Ah Fs k-k-_o amkn-IbpsS hcn-m-cnbpw ncw hmb-\-m-cn-bp-am-sWv. kk-_o-en\p kw`m-h-\-bmWv B shp \on-bXv. \n-]qw Rm AXv
kzoI-cnp. A]q-amb Hc-\p-`-h-am-bn-cpp AXv. ssh-w apl-Zv
_jo-dns GtXm Hcp ]pkvI-X-I-n Hcp hmN-I-ap-s{X! "Cu
shfn--n-s\-smcp shfnw.' ae-bmf kmln-Xy-n- Hcp s]cp-ab {]tbm-K-am-Ws{X CXv. CXv tI-tm- F\nv s]sv a\-n ann-n-f-n-bXv Jp-B-\nse Hcp {]tbm-K-amWv. ""\qdp Aem
\q'' (shfn--n\p ta shfnw).- Jp-B ]T-\-n \npw
_jo kzmw-i-o-I-cn--XmImw Xs Cu hmNIw.- Jp-B-\ns hW-\m-Xo-X-amb at\m-l-c-{]-tbm-K-n-\v Xs `mh-\-bn-eqsS Xs
IrXn-bn al-mb Hcp m\w \In-b-Xm-bn-cnmw.
kpDu-Zn-bn ]Tn-p Imev Hcn- eohn\v Rm \mn
hp. 56 BsWm-W-v Hm. hf-h-q-cn Hcp tbmK-n ]-sSpp. c-m-Wnbpw hf-h-qcpw ASp--Sp {]tZ-i--fm-Wv.

205

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Atm sskZv auehn ]e Imc-W--fmepw AhnsS lmP-cp-mtI-Xm-bn-cpp. In. bm{X-bn-em-bn-cn-ptam? Rm Xn-c-n. Ie-iemb tcmK-n-em-sW--dnp. At-ls ImWmsX aS-m a\v hg-n-bn. tbmKw Ignv t\sc c-m-Wn-bn-tev t]mbn.
Fs lrZbw s]mn--Ip-t]m-Ip-amdv hen-p-ap-dpIn. Hcp
]oSn-I-bpsS Xmgvh-c-bn Hcp sjv.- AXns Hc-v I sImv adp Hcp InSvapdn-t]m-se-bm-n-bn-pv. _mn hcm-bpw
Fm-IqSn Hscm apdn-bmbn \np sjv.
BcmWo sskZv auehn! Ccp-]-Xn\pw ap-Xn\pw CS-bn {]mbm-cmb Ipn-I Adn-bptam At-ls? ]ecpw tIn-cnpw. Nne
In-cnpw. ]s, At-ls Adn--h F{X-bpv. tIcf
PwC--p De-a-bpsS Ay--]-Zhn 1979 \S ]pfn-
kt-f-\-n\p tijw Rm cmPn-shp. (AXns ImcWw asm-cnSp ]dbmw) Xm-\v Ah-tcm-[n-X-\m-bXv sskZv aue-hn-bmbn-cpp. ac-Ww- hsc Atlw AXp XpSp. XuloZv {]`m-j-Wns hodp \mb-I, `n-km-{-amb CuW-n Jp-B hN\- HmXn iphpw efn-X-hp-amb `mj-bn hni-Zo-I-cnpw. aWnq-dp-I \o imhpw hnm-\-\n`-chpw {]utVm-z-e-hpamb {]`m-jWw. kZv \ni-_vZ-ambn `n-bpsS Dn-Sn-ehpw
Bkzm-Z-\-ns a[p-cn-abpw {]`m-jW NmXp-cyhpw Hn-m-hm-lns-Sp-p Hc-h. inns Nn--fmb ame auenZv dmo_p- I - f nse ]Zy- a[p- c - a mb CuW- n \on- s - p- t m
Bkzm-Zy-I-c-a-m asm-c-h--bn. ]s, AXv Jp-B\pw lZokpw ASn-m-\-amn Imcy-Im-c-W-k-lnXw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-tm,
inns Cu \qem-am-e-Isf, Nnn-p--h ITn-\-ambn shdppw. sskZv aue-hn-bpsS {]`m-j-W-n t{imXmhv Bkzm-Z-I-\mbpw \ncq-]-I-\mbpw Xocp-am-\n-p--h-\mbpw {ItaW amdn-amdn hcpw.
ip a\-p-I-fn Xulo-Zns tim`-tbdn Xnf-p \ne-bn kZn \npw aSpw. ]ntv apX B a\-ns DSa Xulo-Zns
`S-\mbn hoYn-bn ImWpw. F\nv F{X ]d-npw aXn-h-cp-n.
AXn-cp-I-hn-bm-Xn-cn-m Rm kqn-p-I-bmWv.
Rm sN-tm auehn hon-epv. Ie-i-amb tcmK-n-emWv.
ss[cy-ambn ]pd-n-d-m h. NnIn ]eXpw t\mn.- acp-p-I
amdn-amdn Ignp. Zmcn{Zyw AXn-t\-m henb tcmK-ambn \n-p-

206

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p. F\nv Ak-ly-amb ZpxJhpw hn-j-a-hpw- Dmbn. ]s, auehn BtcmSpw Hpw ]d-bn. BtcmSpw ]cn-`-h-hp-an. kl-\-ns
Xkz-cq]w!
CXn-s\mcp ]cn-lmcw ImWmsX h. Rm At-l-tmSv ]dp: ""\n-fn-hn-sS-bn-cpp Fs-nepw acpv Ign-X
- p-sIm-m-bn.
GsX-nepw \ Hcp tUmIvS-dpsS tat\m--n InSv NnIn-
\S-Ww. Rm AXn-\p Gm-Sp-mmw. \nsf ip{iq-jn-m `mcybpw IqsS thWw.'' `mcy-tbmSpw hnhcw ]dp. F-tmSv henb kvt\l-amWv At-l-n\v. AXp-sImv cp-t]cpw AXv k-Xnp. ]ntv t\cw shfpv Rm Ipsd Btem-Nnp. GXv tUmIvSdp-am-bmWv _-s-Sp-Xv. Fs a\-n HmSn-sb-n-bXpw apXqw \nXpw \ne-q-cn-ep tUmIvS Dkvam kmln-_m-bn-cpp. AhnsS Unkv]k-dnbpw Npcpw Nnesc InS-n NnIn-n-m\p kuI-cy-hp-ambn Atlw {]mIvSokv sNp--Xmbn Adnbmw.
]s, As tUm. Dkvam Cv \n-f-[n-I-t]cpw Adn-bp Bf. tIcf apkvenw-I-fpsS \mt\m-p-J-amb \pw hf-pw If-sam-cp-nb apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns A\n-tj-[y-\mb
Aa-c-m-c tUm. Dkvam, ka\pw hnm-\-kw-]p-jv-S-hp-amb
{]`m-j-W--fm aX-cw-Kv \nd-p-\np tUm. Dkvam,hmfn-t\-m aq-bp Xqen-Ibpw AXn-eqsS \nK-fn-p
hnm-\-ns \ocp-d-hp-Ifpw. Nne-tm B XqenI Hcp shmw t]mse i{Xp--fpsS FSp-p-Ifpw sIp-Ifpw XIp Ib-dp-XmIpw. Adn-hn-tbpw Ign-hn-tbpw AW-s-p-t]mse im-Kw`o-c-ambn \np tUm. Dkvam. CXmWv Cs tIcfw Adnbp tUm. Dkvam kmln_v.- (\ne-q)
Rm Adnp XpS-nb tUm. Dkvam CX. Fs kplrmb Fw. apl--Zns aI-\m-bn-cpp. aq hon FmWv
Xd-hmv t]cv. ae-_m Unkv{SnIvv t_mUv {]kn-Upw ]uc-ap-Jy\p-am-bn-cp ]n. Dn-p kmln-_ns ]n.F. Bbn-cpp Ctlw.
{]apJ k-\pw apl-Zv Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS {]kn--amb JpB hnh-cWw BZy-ambn {]kn-o-I-cn Zo\o X]-c-\p-amb He-htmSv ]n.sI. apl-Zv kmln_v Dn-p kmln-_ns ]p{X-\mWv. ae-_m Unkv{SnIvv t_mUv hn]p-e-amb A[n-Im-c--fp Hcp
kan-Xn-bm-bn-cpp. AXns {]kn-Uv Hcp an\n apJy-a-{n-t]m-se-

207

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bpw t_mUv saam an\n a{n-am-cp-am-bn-cpp. t_mUns Hm^okv tImgn-tm-Sm-bn-cp--Xn-\m tUm. Dkvam kmln-_ns ]nXmhv an-hmdpw tImgn-tm-Sp-mIpw. Atlw Ppap-Av ]m-f-n-bn-emWv hcnI. Rm Am-ev Ahn-Ss JXz-o-_m-bn-cp-tm. As\ R ]cn-N-b-sp. kplr-p--fp-ambn. apl-Zv
kmln-_p-ambn ]cn-N-b-s-Sp Imev aI Dkvam aZn-cmin saUn- tImtf-Pn hnZymn-bmWv. aZn-cm-in-bn sN-tm
Rm ]cn-N-b-s-n-pv.
]s ASp-m h. Xo--bn ssIX-n-bm-ep A\p-`-h-amWv. ISp `uXn-I-hm-Znbpw \na-X-hm-Zn-bp-am-bn--gn-n-cn-pp.
shdpw Iyq-Wnv Fp ]d-m Hpw icn-bm-hn. amIvkn-kn-sbpw sshcp-ym-[n-jvTnX `uXn-I-hm-Z-n-sbpw At-X-e hsc Atlw sNp. Iyq-Wn-k-n-tev BIjn--s-Sp bphm-sf mv sImSpp sacp-n-sb-Sp-p sskm-nI
_m[yX ae-_m-dn ]te-Spw At-l-n-t-Xm-bn-cpp. 50Ifnse IY-bm-WnXv. Iem-Im-c, \mSI kwhn-[m-b-I, cN-bn-Xmhv As\ ]eXpw. Am-ev Xncp sImn-bn-tebpw {]tXy-Inv ae_m-dn-tebpw apkvenw kaq-l-n Aaj-n-sbpw {]Xn-tj-[n-tbpw sImSp-mp hoinb Hcp hnai\ \mSIw Ip{]-knn
t\Sn-bn-cpp. ""v Hcp \ a\-kvI-\m-Im t\mv'' CXmWv \mS-Ins t]cv. kwhn-[m-b-I tUm. Dkvam. \mSIw Ac-t-dp
h kZ-p-I-fn Atlw thZn-bn hv {]kw-Knpw. B \nepw shdppw tZjyhpw Gp-hmpw. Am-ev sImn-bnepw Atlw hn-p--Xmbn Fs kplrv laoZv ]d-bpp. 72 Fs ImWm tUm. Dkvam sImn-bn h-tm Hcp shn-bmgvN-bm-bn-cpp. ]mpw Ac-- jp-a-Wn tUm. Dkvam Fs \n_--{]-Imcw ]pXnb ]n-bpsS an-dn Ibdn JpXv_
\Sn. ]c-tem-I-sa A\-izc Pohn-X-ns bmYmy-s-pdnv Atlw \S-nb {]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb {]`m-jWw kZ-n\v Hcp
]p A\p-`-h-am-bn-cpp. Av Rm tUmIvSv lao-Zns\ ]cnN-b-s-Spn. Atm-gmWv laoZv ]d-bp-Xv,- Rm sslkvIq
hnZymn-bm-bn-cn-p-tm Ct-l-ns {]kwKw tIn-pv.
kpc kpap-J-\mb \op-sa-en Bn \nd-ap bphm-hm-bn-cpp Atlw. ta ]d \mSIw DZvLm-S\w sNm Av At-

208

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lw Xs hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-p-hs{X! a\-n \npw Hgn-p-t]m-Im At-l-ns {]kw-K-ssi-en-bmWv lao-Zns B Hm. Ip{]kn--amb B \mS-I-n sI.kn. A_q-_- aue-hn-sb-tmse
Hcp IYm-]m-{X-apv. ]cn-lmk IYm-]m{Xw. sI.kn. Apw ae-_mdn Ae-b-Sn-p eo-Kv, apPm-lnZv thZn-I-fnse kc-k-Kw-`o-c-\mb
{]`m-j-I-\mWv. Iyq-Wn-p-Im-cpsS eoKv hntcm-[-ns ]mc-ay-amWv \mS-I-n sI.kn.sb C{]-Im-c-samcp ]cn-lmk IYm-]m-{Xambn Ah-X-cn-n-m A-h-sc- t{]cn-n tNtXm-hn-Imcw.
Xs Iyq-Wnv injy-\mb Hcp kl-]mTn Hcn- tUm. Dkvam-t\mSv D-bn Hcp tNmZyhpw adp-]-Snbpw Xs ]nm-es
cN-\-bn Hcn-Sv Atlw D-cn-n-cn-pp. ""FmWv kZmNmcw!'' adp-]Sn: sXmgn-em-fn-hK km-[n-]Xyw ey-amn sNp-sX-sm-s-bmtWm AXmWv kZm-Nmcw. AXn-s\-Xn-cn-ep--sXmw Zpcm-Nmcw! Cu adp-]-Sn-bpsS Imhv ]noSv kXy-hn-izm-kn-sbpw kZm-Nm-c-n-sbpw bYm aqeyw Isn. ]s,
Xs injys\ Xncn-p-sIm-p-h-cm At-l-n\v Ign-n. Xs adp-]-Sn-bn Ddv \nv Abm aptmv t]mbn. B tJZw Atlw Xs cN-\-bn A\p-kva-cn-p-pv. Fs kk-_o
amkn-I-bpsS Xmfp-I-fn-emWv Cu A\L ]mT- A-Sn-p-h-Xv
F Imcyw Hcp `mKy-ambn Rm Icp-Xpp. tUmIvS Dkvam
kmln-_n-s\-p-dnv ]dp F\nv ]qXn Xocp-sav tXmp-n.
Hcp {Kw Xs AXn-\p-th-n-bm-bmtem Fv Rm hnNm-cn-pI-bmWv. Ctm \ asmcp hnj-b-n-em-Wtm.Cu Dkvam tUmIvS-dpsS ASp--emWv Rm sskZv aue-hn-bpsS Imcy-n-\mbn sNXv. Av At-l-n BZi-]-c-amb am Dm-bn-n. Fnpw F\nv t]mIm tXmn-bXv AtmmWv. Fs a\v At-ls Hmp-tm Cs\ a{npw.
sNdp--n Ipd-sms InXm-t_mX-n ]Tn Bfm-Wn-tlw. Im]Syhpw kzm-Xbpw Xon-bn-n-m kXy-k--\mb Hcp IyqWnv `uXn-I-hm-Zn-bm-Wn-tm. h{IX Xon-bn-n-m B a\-n\v Fs-nepw aS-m-Xn-cn-m Ign-bn. aS-m Rm {]mnp-Ibpw sNpw. Fs tImehpw cq]hpw CXm-bnpw Fs BZiw icn--dn-bm-am-bn-cp-npw Atlw hfsc kvt\lm-Z-c-thmsS Fs kzoI-cnp. ]nXm-hns kplrv F ]cn-K-W\ am{X-am-bn-

209

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cpp Rn-S-bnse _w. Rm tUmIvS-tdmSv sskZv aue-hnbpsS tcmK-hn-h-chpw Rm\p-am-bp B-_-hpw [cn-np. sskZv aue-hnsb ]cn-N-b-an. ]s tI-dn-hpv. Rm ]dp: ""\n At-ls ChnsS Xma-kn-np NnIn-n-Ww. acp-ns
]Ww Rm Dm-n-cmw. _mn kokv \n-fpsS hI-bmbn
\IWw.'' Atlw k-Xnp. Rm c-m-Wn-bn t]mbn.
ssk-Zv auehn `mcy-bp-samv hp. aq aI A_vZp-d-lvam Av sNdnb Ipn-bmWv. Atlw Ah-tcm-sSmv \ne-q-cn Dm-bncp-p-sh-mWv Fs Hm. NnIn amk- \op. dns
A\p-{K-l-m ^e-sp. Cu \ne-bn alm-\mb sskZv auehnv thn Hcp tkh\w sNm Amlp `mKyw \In. kwXr]vXn \Ip B\--amb Hcp Hm-bmbn CXv a\-n InS-pp. sskZv aue-hn-bpsS Nmcv kzK-n-semcp CSw Inm Rm
kZm {]mn-p-sIm-n-cn-pp. XymK-n-tbpw kl-\-n-sbpw Da DZm-l-c-W-am-bn-cpp Atlw. Fs BZi-]p-{X-m
CX-dn-bWw. Cu XuloZv {]m\w hfn-sb-Sp-p--Xn KpcpXp-ey-cmb Fs an{X- A\p-`-hn XymK-ns IY-I! {]t_m-[-\-hn-j-b-n s]mXp Xmev]-cy-ta-Je Is-pI F
A\n-kvem-anI Nnm-KXn a\-ns\ kzm[o-\n bph ]WvUn-X-m!
Ahv sskZv aue-hn-sb-tm-ep--h Hcp ]mT-am-bn-cn-s.
sskZv auehn tcmK-ap--\m-b-tXmsS c-m-Wn-bnse BZi_-p- DWp. Ah-cpsS kl-I-c-W-n ]noSv Ipd-pIqSn t`Z-s Xmak kuI-cy-ap-m-m aue-hnv Ignp.
{]kn--\mb ke^n ]WvUn-X\pw {]`m-j-I-\p-am-bn-cp ]d-q
A_vZp-d-lvam aue-hn-bpsS injy-\m-bn-cpp sskZv auehn. ]dq auehn ]me-mSv Pn-bn FS--\m-p-I-c-bnse ]me-mgn
akvPn-Zn JXz-o_pw apZcn-kp-am-bn-cpp. sskZv auehn Ahn-sSbmWv InXm-t_m-Xn-bXv. ASp {]tZ-i-amb h-a--p-dv ]mtdmtmSv IpSpw-_-amWv AhnsS ]cn-h-\-n\v Xmpw XW-ep-ambn \nXv. FS--\m-p-Ic Hscm--s {]tZ-i-am-bn-cpp. taem-q
AXnn-bn ]pgbvv Ap-d-p hnim-e-amb Hcp Ic.- -bm{Xm
kuI-cy- Av hnc-f-am-b-Xn-\m H-s-p-In-S-n-cpp. Ctm
]mew hp. ]mtdm-tmSv IpSpw_w B \mnse henb Pn-Ifpw
AXn-\m kzm[o-\-ap--h-cp-am-bn-cpp. aqp ktlm-Z-m.- Da

210

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lmPn, Ipp-lmPn Fn-h Ckvemlo BZi-hp-ambn ASp-php. aq-bm A_vZplmPn kpn-bmbnXs XpSp. ]s,
ktlm-Z-c-m hlm-_n-I-fm-bXpw ke^n {]h-\-cw-K-s ]np-Wp \nXpw A_vZp lmPnsb \ni-_vZ-\mn. tIcf PwC-p De-a-bpsS Hcp hmjnI tbmKw FS--\m-p-I-c-bn shv
\S-n-pv. sI.Fw. auehn apX t]tcm-sSmv Rm Ahn-sS
t]mbn-pv. A-s\-bmWv B \mSp-am-bp BZy-_w. ]d-q-
A_vZp-d-lvam aue-hn-bpsS tat\m--nepw ]tdm-tmSv ktlmZ-c-m-cpsS ]np-W-bn-ep-amWv B tbmKw \S-Xv. ae-_m-dn Ckzvemlo {]h-\-n BIr-jvS-cmbn BZi-]-cn-h\w \S
BZy-Ime {]tZ-i--fn HmWv FS--\m-p-Ic. Hcn- AhnsS
Hcp aX-{]-`m-jWw \S--tm kpn-I _l-f-ap-mn. Av
apPm-ln-Zp-I Xptemw Ipd-hm-bX
- n-\m A]m-bI
- c
- a
- mb Hc-h
- b
- mbncpp. hnhcw ]mtdm-tmSv hon Adnp. XWw DalmPn
tXmp-tan IpXn-c-p-dv ]msn. AtXmsS cwKw im-ambn.
P\w ]ncn-p-t]mbn. Cu \ne-bn Imb-_ew sIm-pw kmaq-lnI
m\w-sImpw ]mtdm-tmSv ktlm-Z-c-m ke^o- BZi-n\p
\Inb ]np-Wbpw ]d-q A_vZp-d-lvam aue-hn-bpsS sshm-\nI t\Xr-Xzhpw ka-\z-bn--tm FS--\m-p-I-c-bn Xulo-Zns shfnw ]c-sm-gpIn. ChnsS \nmWv Fs B-kp-lrmb sskZv auehn hnm-\hpw Bth-ihpw AtXm-sSmw XymKt_m-[hpw t\Sn-sb-Sp-Xv. At-l-ns tkh-\-n-\p {]Xn^ew \Im Amlp At-l-ns aS-n -hn-fnp. sskZv auehn-bn Am-lp-hns cbpw A\p-{K-lhpw sNmcn-bp-am-dm-Is.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

31
Hcp Jmfn IY
Ipdn-p-I Rm ]d-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw laoZv AsX-gp-Xp-Ibpw sNp--Xn-\n-S-bn Rm ]{Xw adn-p-t\m-p-pv. AtmAXm Hcp hm! tImgn-tmSv A-hm-Wn`w t\ DZvLm-S\w
henb Jmfn inlm-_p-o Cn-n-tmb X \n-ln-pp.
\psS \mnse Pmd--fnepw Np-I-fnepw t{X--fnepw CXp-

211

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t]mse Htsd hmWn-`- Ac-t-dp-pv. Nnte-Sv N-c-n. ap Nnte-Sv s]mXn-tmdv, thsd Nne ev ]mbkw.
]e-bn-S--fnepw hn hym]m-cm-Sn-m-\-n inns Cu
Bdmv \S-p-tm, Nnte-Sv hoSp-I-fn \npw ]e-lmc sIm-I-fp-ambn Bfp-I hv inns IqSm-c-n AXv kan-emWv. Ipp-Iq-Sp Aw XpS-nb ]e-lm-c--fnepw ]mIw sNbvXpm-p ap hn`-h--fnepw Ahn-Ss {][m\ ]ptcm-ln-X a{nq-Xp-Itbm ]pWymlw Xfn-p-Itbm sNpw. Abm AhnsS IpSnbn-cp-nb ssZh--fp-tStbm Huen-bm- Fpw ]pWym-f-m-
Fpw t]cn--h-cp-sStbm HutZym-KnI {]Xn-\n-[n-bm-sW [mc-WbmWv hnh-c-tZm-jn-I-f-mb P\-n-\p-Xv. Ah \n-bn-p ]Ww
sImSpv Cu hn`-h- Gp-hm-m ]mh- \o Iyqhn
aWn-q-dp-I Imp-\np-p-mIpw. tcmK\nhm-c-W-n\pw
ap B{Kl k^-eo-I-c-W-n\pw thn a\p-jy ]e-tmgpw hrn-bn-m Cu `Ww `n-tbmsS Xnp-Ibpw Xon-p-Ibpw
sNpw. tImgn-tms Ahpw Imn-c-ap-s Inbpw Kpcp-hmbq-cnse Ac-hW ]mb-khpw I-am-en--n-bnse s]mXn-tmdpw
a\p-jy-sc-smv Xon-p-Xpw hym]m-cm-Sn-m-\-n ]Ww
km-Zn-p-Xpw Nn-d-m-cpsS kwL--f. _ncp-Zm-\-c _ncp-Z[m-cn-I, tUmIvSam, Fn-\o-bam, imkv{X--m, ]n.Fv.Un t\Snb Kth-j-I-m, \nb-a--m,- \mbn InXm-t_mXn
]Tn ]WvUn-X-m XpS-nb \mnse Adn-b-s-Sp {]ap-J-m-cpsS In-n-I-fmWv CXn-s\ms t\XrXzw sImSp-p-Xv. Nne-bm-fpI thZn-I-fn henb Ka-bn ]d-bp-Xv tImw, `uXn-I-hn-Zym`ym-k-ns A`m-hw- sIm-m-W-v kaq-l-n A-hn-izm-k-
hf-cp-Xpw \ne-\np-Xpw Fv. ip a--c-am-Wn-sXv
A\p-`-h--fpsS ]c-c sXfn-bn-pp. {kjvSm-hn-s\-p-dn-p
bYm m\-ns A`m-h-am-Wn-Xn\v ImcWw. ad hgn-bn
KpWw Bin-m\pw tZmjw `b-s-Sm\pw krjvSn-Imhv am{Xta
Al- \m-bn-p-q-shpw Ahs\ am{Xta Bcm-[n-mhq Fpw
{]m-\
- B krjvSn-Im-hn-t\mSv am{Xta BImhq Fp-ap
bYm-hpw efn-X-hp-amb hnm-\-ns A`m-h-amWv ImcWw.
kzw t]cp- t]mepw Fgp-Xm-\-dn-bm, Hcp tahn-emkw hmbn-m\-dn-p-Iq-Sm F{Xtbm hnZy-hn-lo-\-cmb km[m-c-W-m Cu
m-\w t\Sn-bn-pv. Ah Ccw A-n\pw s]mXn-tm-dn\pw

212

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ac-h-Wpw Bin-p--h-c. AXns\ shdp-p--h-cmWv. {kjvSmhpw krjvSnbpw F kp{]-[m-\-amb hyXym-k-am-Wn-hnsS ]TntXv. apl-Zv \_n, tbip-IrkvXp, tamkv Ah-scmw krjvSn-IfmWv. kmK {]t_m-[\w G]n--s alm-m. Bcpw {kjvSm-h. {kjvSm-hns ASn-a-I am{Xw. Kpcp-hm-bq-c-\pw i_-cn-ae
imkv-Xmhpw thfm-n amXmhpw aplvbn-o ssiJpw ap\-s
_ohn-bpw ^coZv Huen-bbpw Fmw krjvSn-I-fmWv. {]m-\v
Ch-cmcpw Ah-Im-in-I-f. {kjvSmhv am{X-amWv bYm Ah-Imin.
C{X efn-X-kp--c-amb alZv Bibw ]Tn-m Hcp k-I-em-im-ebnepw Kth-jW tI{-nepw t]mtI--Xn. CsX-gp-Xp Rm\pw
kvIqfns hmXn IS-Xv asf tNm thn am{X-amWv.
CXns Aw hnZym-`ymkw Bh-iy-an-s-. AXv ]e-tmgpw
bYm hnm\w t\Sm klm-bn-p LS-I-am-tb-pw. hnm-\-ns `uXn-Ihpw Bo-b-hp-amb D-X-am-\-- t\Sm
XpW-tpw.
]d-bm Dt-inv XpS-n-bXv asmcp IY-bmWv.- B IY-bpsS
ZpxJ-I-c-amb Ayw ta]-d hnm-\-n-tev hnc Nqpw.
Jm_-l-Zq B-tmb X _m^Jn X-fpsS Afn-b-\mWv. apdw Pmd-ns Ah-Imin. apPm-lnZv {]m-\-n Ctm-
kPo-h-ambn {]hn-p ]WvUn-X\pw {]`m-j-I-\p-amb sFZoZv
Xfpw Cu Pmd-ns Ah-Im-in-I-fns] IpSpw-_-m-c-\mWv.
At-ls Amlp inns then-s-n \npw c-s-Sm
klm-bnp. B-tmb X tImgn-tmSv \K-c-n {]ap-J-\mWv. {_nojv `c-W-Iq-S-n\v {]nb-s--h.- A-s\-bp \mp{]am-Wn-amv {_nojv `c-W-IqSw Am-ev I\n-p -\I-p
m-\-t-cmWv Jm _l-Zq. Fs _lp-am\y kplrpw kc-k\p-amb sI.sI-.Fw. Pam-ep-o aue-hnv CXn-s\-p-dnv Hcp Ia-pv. Jm _l-Zq Fm "m\-_-lp-Zqcw A\n Ckvemw'.Atlw CXv {]tXyI coXn-bn ]d-bp-tm R Adn-bmsX
Nncn-p-t]mIpw.
B-tmb X tImgn-tmSv hen-b-]n (Ipn-nd sXp`mKw)bnse apX-h-n-bm-bn-cpp. Ahn-Ss Jmfnbpw JXz-o-_p-am-bncp B ac-W-sp. ]Icw Hcm-sf-In-Ww. Rm Av ]m-f-
-- nbnse JXz-o_v m\v \npw hnc-an-p-\np Imew. Jm_-

213

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

l-Zq sI.Fw. aue-hn-bp-ambn hfsc kulr-Z-n-em-bn-cpp. X Hcp Znhkw aue-hn-tbmSv ]dp; hen-b-]-n-bn JpXv_ aebm-f-n-em-Ww. hfsc \Xv Fv auehn ]dp. DSs\ X
]d-bp-I-bmWv. ""Da aue-hnsb JXz-o-_mbn Inn-bm \m-bncpp.'' (Jmfn m\w F\nv Inp-I-bn. AXv X-mv AhIm-i-s--XmWv) JpXz-v_ ]m-f--n-bn-teXv t]mse.- ]s, Hcp
sNdnb Imcyw AtXm-sSmw thWw. \a-kvImc tijw Xncn-n-cpp Hcp sNdnb ZpB Cc- \S-Ww.- (kpn ]n-I-fn \S-p-Xp-t]mse) Jm _l-Zq ]dp.
sI.Fw. aue-hnv DSs\ adp-]Sn ]d-bm-am-bn-cpp. ]s, Nnetm Atlw apJ--Sn--Xp-t]mse Nne-tcmSv ]d-bp-I-bn. Atl-ns \njv-f--Xbpw kz`mh sshin-jvSy-hp-am-WXv. X
\mS-dn-bp henb {]am-Wnbpw ]uc-ap-Jy-\p-am-Wtm. s]sv ]nWt Fv tXmn-bn-cnpw. sI.Fw. auehn emfnXyw sImv
D-X-\mWv. ]eXpw Rm At-l-n \npw ]Tnp. ]In.
]s, Cu hnti-jX Fp-sImtm F\nv A\p-I-cn-m ]etmgpw Ign-n-n. Zpbm-hns Imcy-n Hcm F{X No-]d-mepw Rm tIn-cnpw. Zo\ns Imcy-nepw Rm tIn-cnpw. ]s sshImsX {]Xn-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.
Jm _l-Zq Cs\ ]d-bpp,- Hcp sNdp-Nn-cn-tbmsS auehn
]nt-m FtmSv ]dp. ""]Tn-Xn-\-v hncp--ambn \apv Fs\ {]hn-m Ignbpw'' Rm adp-]Sn ]dp. ""Hcp Imcyw Ddp-In-n-bm Rm Gmw. ap D]m-[n-I-sfmpw Fs apn
sh-cpXv. Rm ]d-bp--Xn\pw sNp--Xn\pw Rm D-c-hm-Znbm-bn-cnpw. Bpw tNmZyw sNmw. adp-]Sn \Im Rm Hcp-am-bn-cnpw.'' auehn Hpw ann-bn. AX-s\ t]mbn. ]noSv
inlm-_p-o Cn-n-tmb Xsf Jmfn-bmbn \nb-an hm-bpw
tIp. Av Atlw ^tdm-nse duf-p Depw Ad_n tImtfPnse hnZymn-bm-bn-cpp. auem\m A_vZp--_m-lns injy.
Cu m\m-tcm-l-W-hm tI-tm Kpcp-\m-Y-\mb au-em-\m
A_p--_mlv ]dp:- ""B Ipnsb Fm-hcpw IqSn No-bmn.''
F{X ZoL-ho--Whpw A-K`-hp-amb hmv. A-hm-Wn`w
DLm-S\w sNp Jmfn-bm-bnt! \-hw InXm_v Xncn-bp,
Ad-_n-`m-j-bn Ign-hp--h InXm-_p-ambn Xncn-bp-I-bmWv! P\-k-

214

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xn Bin-p--h-cpsS nXn \mi-n-te-m-bn-cnpw. Ct-lw

henb Jmfn-bmb IY thsd-bmWv. sXmp hS-p-`m-K-p- ]-nbn Hcp sNdnb Jmfn-bpv. FmWo hepXpw sNdp-Xp-ambn hn`-Pn-s-Xv? Fhn-sS-bm-Wn-Xns hyXymkw? Hcp ckn-I IY-bm-WnXv.
{_nojv `cWw- Ayw Imp Ign-bp Imew. Ipn-n-d-bnse
sXpw hS-p-ap al-p-I-fnse JXz-o-_p-am Xn hen-sbmcp
tNcn-tm-cp-mbn. P\- cp hipw hmin-tbmsS tNp.
HSp-hn `b--c-amb _l-f-ns hv Fn. t]meokv CS-s]tS-n-hp. Av hnhm-l-n\v ]pXn-bm--amsc Fgp--nv sImp \S--epv. ss_v sNmn CuW-n ]mSn Z^v^v apn Xmfw]n-Snv Bc-h-tm-sS-bmWv sImp-t]m-IpI. Z^v^v app ]mSn
AXv ldm-amWv, ]mSpv AXv lem-emWv CXmWv X hnjbw.
hn ASn-I-e-i-bn Fm-hp I-i-amb hmin-bn-embn {]iv\w. HSp-hn `qcn-]-m-`n-{]m-b-a-\p-k-cnv thms-Spv \Sn {]iv\w
Xocp-am-\nmw Fv t]meokv ayw ]d-bp-Ibpw P\w AXv AwKo-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Av thm-s-Sp-p-Iv Nnw D s]nI sh-emWv ]Xnhv. Bfp-I _mev CjvS-ap s]n-bn-enSpw.
HSp-hn Fn A[nIw Inp--h hnP-bnpw. Chn-sSbpw s]n-I
shp. B\-s-nbpw Imf-s-n-bp-am-sW-mWv Hm. thms-n-btm B\s-n-bmWv Pbn-Xv. Z^v^v apv lem F hmZw B\
s-n-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cpp. Pbn `mKs Jmfnsb henb Jmkn-bm-bmbpw tXm `mKs t\Xm-hns\ sNdnb Jmfn-bp-ambn {_nojv km-cns \nb-a-]m-e-I HutZym-Kn-I-ambn {]Jym-]np. As\
henb Jmfnbpw sNdnb Jmfnbpw Dmbn. Z^v^v app Jmfn-am!
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

32
Akvlcn Xfpw In-bv t\bpw
22.6.98 N{nI ]{X-n Hcp hm! hm 98emsW-n
Rm ]d-bp-Xv Iptd-IqSn ]gb Imcy-amWv. Im-]pcw kpn-I
"DvNmv' Fv Bt-]n ka-kvX-bpsS {]kn-Uv In-bv
AlvaZv apkvenbm-sc-p-dnv Rm t\cs ]d-n-pv. At-lns Bp-t\ \mep Znh-k--fn-embn hnhn[ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-tfm-

215

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sS \S-p-hm Xocp-am-\n-n-cn-pp. Akvlcn X-fpsS t\Xr-Xzn Iq-kn-bm-d-tmsS ]cn-]m-Snv XpSw. Bp-t\-sb

inn-s\-p-dnpw AXns XpS--amb Iq knbm-d-n-s\-p-dn-pa Rm\n-tm- ]d-bp-Xv. Akvlcn X-sf-p-dn-m-Wv Rm
Hmp-Xv. tIc-f-n Ign-bp-{X aX-]T\w \Sn,- Iptd-m-ew
Zkv \Sn,- ]noSv ssItdm PmanA Akvl-dn t]mbn DX
]T-\w \Sn Pbnp. B kn-^n--n en_n-b-bn At-l-n\v
Hcp tPmen Inn. Ipd-p-Imew Ahn-sS-I-gnp. Atm kpDu-Zn-bn AXn-t\-m-tfsd ifw e`n-m km[y-X-bp-s--dnp.
As\ hlm-_n-p-m-b-anv av hp. Fs B-kp-lrpw kpDuZn ]uc\pw a-bn akvPn-Zp ld-an-ep tImtf-Pnse
DX DtZym-K--\p-am-bn-cp-- Nmh-mSv kztZin A_vZp-d-Cu^v
asse-_m-cn-bp-ambn ]cn-N-b-sp. A_vZp-d-Du^v auehn h{I-X-b-dnbm Hcp ip-lr-Z-b-\m-bn-cpp. Atlw aptJ\ hmZn-^m-Xzn-a-bnse Hcp F.]n. kvIqfn Aym-]I tPmen km-Znp. Av kpn-I ChnsS ]dp ]c-n-bn-cp-Xv asm-m-bn-cpp. kpDuZn
cmPmhv Xsf en_n-b-bn \npw {]tXyIw hnfn-p-h-cp-n
kpDu-Zn-bnse hnZym-`ymk hnI-k-\-ns Npa-X-e-I At-ls
G]n-p-sh-mWv. Rm Av Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp--Xn-\m
kXyw t\cnv Adn-bm Ign-n-pv.
Am-ev Rm hjw -tXmdpw ln\v t]mbn-sm-n-cpp.
kpDuZn aX-{]-t_m-[\ hIp-ns (Zmdp C^vXmAv) hI-bmbn
F\nv hn-am-\- Snv Inp-am-bn-cpp. ae-bm-fn-I-fmb lmPn-amv
D]-tZ-i- sImSp-p--Xn-\p-th-n-bm-WnXv. a-p \pkvdp akm-o (AK-Xn-a-ncw) sIn-S-nse Hcp apdn-bn Xfpw Rm\pw Hcp-anv Xma-kn-n-pv. inv _nZv-A-p-I-fp-ambn
apn-p-fn-p \psS kap-Zm-b-ns ZpK-Xn-sb-p-dnv Rtfm-sSmw Ctlw ZpxJw tcJ-s-Sp--ep-m-bn-cpp. Ctm
Atlw \psS \mn \ne-hn-ep inv _nZv-A-p-I Dd-np-Ibpw ]pXnb cq]- Bhn-jvI-cnv \S-n hcp-p-Ibpw sNpp! ka-kvX-bpsS {]kn-Uv m\w Ae--cn-p-Ibpw sNpp. Bp-t\-bpsS ]{X-hmbpw Cu Hm-Ifpw Fs
ipWvTn ]nSn-np. Rm Xmsg-]-dbpw {]Imcw Hcp t\mokv A-Snn-p. At\z-jWw Fv Xe-hm-NIw. ""\n-fpsS aXw GXm-Ipp?apl-Zv \_n ]Tn-n Ckvemw aX-s-p-dnv \n-fpsS \ne-sb-

216

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v? A_q-e-l-_ns\ t]mse i{Xp-tfm? A_q-Xzm-en-_n-s\-tmse an{X-tfm? ]uc-kzm-X-{y-ap \mSm-b-Xp-sImv tNmZn--XmWv. adp-]Sn Inn-bm A-Sn-p-hn-X-cWw sNmw. adp-]Sn Bsc-gpXn
Xmepw Xc-t-Sn.'' tImgn-tmSv henb Jmfn-bmcpw {]i-kvX-\mb
tUm. _lm-hp-o\pw apw Cu ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS {]ap-J-cmWv. ]cn-]m-Snbn t]cp Fm-hpw t]mp hgn Abp. hmg-mSpw ]cn-kcpw t\mokv hnX-cWw \Sn.
In-b-ns Bp-t\ ]cn-]m-Sn-bn ]e hen-b-h-m-cp-sSbpw t]cp-In-S-bn tUm. _lm-hp-os t]cv I-tm Rm
hfsc k-S-sp. kl-X-]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. temI {]i-kvX-\mb
auem\m A_p lk \Zvhn-bpsS tat\m--n eIvt\m-bn
\S-p-h-cp tIfn-tI Zmdp Deq-an ]Tnv ]mmbn ]noSv
Adn-b-s hyn-Xz-am-bn-o tUm. _lm-hp-o Bp t\v tim` ]I-cm k-Xn Imcy-n Fs\ k-S-s-Sm-Xncnpw?- kl-X]
- n-m-Xn-cnpw?- _lm-hp-o AhnsS hnZymn-bm-bncp Imev Rm auem\m \Zvhn kmln-_ns\ ImWp-hm eIvt\m-hn t]mbn-pv. R Xn ]cn-N-b-amWv. kpDu-Zn-bn
shmWv AXns XpSw. Ahn-sS-sbn auem-\sb kin
tijw {]i-kvX-amb Zmdp Deqw ImWp-hm B{K-lnp. Ahn-sSbp ae-bmfn hnZymn-Isf ]cn-N-b-s-SWw. tUm. _lm-hp-o
A-hnsS hnZymn-bm-bn-cpp. ae-bmfn hnZymn-Isf hnfn-pIqn Rm Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cnp. ]cn-N-b-sp. kulrZw ssIamdn.
Atm Hcmi. Ahv sNdnb ]mcn-tXm-jnIw \I-W-sav.
Ipdv ss]k In-ep-m-bn-cp-Xv Ahv \In. sImp kwJyI. Hcp kvt\l-{]-I-S\w F ktmjw am{Xw. al-mb Hcp
m]-\-n \npw Zo ]Tnv Db- \n-e-bn-se-nb Hcm
Bp-t\-sb in A\m-Nm-c-ns hm-hmbn {]Xy-s-Sp-Xp ImWp-tm Fs\ k-S-s-Sm-Xn-cnpw?- Fs Hmp-dn-p-I-fn \np Nne \pdp-p-I kk-_o-en ]e-tmgmbn {]kn-o-I-cn Iq-n Cu hnj-bhpw hn-cpp. amknI
]pd-n-dn GXm\pw Znh-k-v tijw _lm-hp-os Hcp Iv
Inn. tcmjm-Ip-e-\m-bn-cpp Atlw. Rm Ifhp ]d-bp-I-bm-sWpw Atlw hnZymn-bm-bn-cns Rm Zmdp Deq-an sNn-nspw Cs\ Hcp ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-ns IY Xm\-dn-bn-spw In Dm-bn-cpp. am{X-a henb `oj-Wnbpw apg-n-bn-p-m-bn-

217

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cpp B In. X\nv A]-am-\-I-c-amb Cu {]kvXm-h\ Xncpp-Itbm, ]Icw Xs Iv {]kn-o-I-cn-p-Itbm sNm

]w Fs Fsm-stbm Imp-sa-m-bn-cpp AXv. Fp-shm sImp-satm, Kp-Isf Abv ssIImcyw sNp-satm
]d-n-n. Xs Iv A-Snv s]mXp-P\ ka--n- ]ckyw sNp-satm \nb-a-\-S-]Sn ssIsm-p-satm, As\ ]eXpw. `oj-Wn-tIv Rm sRn-hn-d-p-sav Atlw [cn-n-cnmw.
Rm A\-n-bn. Hp-ap-m-b-Xp-an. A]-am-\-I-c-sav Atlw
hnti-jn-n-Xv Rm \Inb sNdnb ]mcn-tXm-jn-Is Ipdn-mbn-cpp. AXv aqew At-l-ns Ctm-gs hep--n\pw {]ikvXnpw lm\n Xn-sbv tXmn-bn-cnmw. ""A]\v Aw
Inn-bm A-cm-{Xnbpw IpS-]n-Snpw'' Fsmcp ]g-sm-p-tm. A`n-am-\-t_m[w sImv Cs\ hnd-p-Xp I-tm
asmcp Imcyw Hm hp. Fs Hcp _p Hcn- Fs `ojWn-s-Spn. Fs ta am\-\-jvS-n\v tImS-Xn-bn tIkv sImSpp-sa-m-bn-cpp `ojWn. Rm DSs\ Hcp aWn-tbmU t^mdw
At-l
- ns t]cn ]qcn-np. Fnv Iq-Wn C{]-Imcw FgpXn.
""Zbhp sNbvXp tIk-v sImSp--cpXv. Rm hmZn-p-I-bn. Ipw k-Xnpw. \n-fpsS am\-n\v Rm hne \n-bnv Ab-pp. Zb-hmbn CXv kzoI-cnv Fs tIk-n \npw Hgn-hm-m At].''
]v ss]k aWn-HmU-dmbn Abp. Abm-fpsS kpJ-tSv A-tXmsS t`Z-ambn. ]s, _lm-hp-o kmln-_n-t\mSv Rm A--s\sbmpw sNbvXn. Atlw Ctm Fs-m hfsc Db-h\pw {]i-kvX-\p-am-Wtm. Jp-B-\n Hcp {]tbm-K-apv; "^ke-J-anlm' (]mv Dd Hgn-b).- Nne a\p-jycpw A-s\bmWv.
kqdXp- AAvdm^nse 175178 hsc-bp hN-\--fpsS kmcw
tN-p hmbn-pI. kXys ]pW-cm \apv AsXmcp Bth-iam-bn-cnpw.
""\mw \psS ZrjvSm-- \In-bnv AXn \nv Ducn-m-SpIbpw As\ ]nimNv ]nmse IqSp-Ibpw Fnv ZpamKn-I-fpsS Iq-n-em-Ip-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp-hs hrmw \o Ahv
hmbnv tIn-p-sIm-Sp-pI.
\mw Dt-in-n-cp-p-sh-n Ah (ZrjvSm--) aqew Ahv
Db \Ip-am-bn-cpp. ]s, Ah `qan-bn-tev (AXv imiz-X-

218

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

am-sW `mth\) Xncn-bp-Ibpw Ahs Xn-jvSs ]n]-p-I-bpamWv sNbvXXv. Atm Ahs D]a Hcp \mb-bp-tSXv t]mse-bmIpp. \o AXns\ B{I-an-m AXv \mhv Xqn-bnSpw. \o AXns\ shdpsX hnm-epw AXv \mhv Xqn-bnSpw. AXmWv \psS ZrjvSm-- \ntj-[np Xnb Bfp-I-fpsS D]a. AXn-\m (Ahv) Cu IY hnh-cn-p-sIm-Spq. Ah Nnn-sv hcmw.
\psS ZrjvSm--sf \ntj-[np Xp-Ibpw kztZ-l-v
Xs t{Zmlw hcp-n-sm-n-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvX Bfp-I-fpsS
D]a hfsc No-Xs.
Amlp GsXm- c msf t\h- g n- b n- e m- p- pthm Ah- \ mWv
kmKw {]m]n-p--h. Ah Bsc ]ng-hn-em-p-thm AhcmWv \jvSw ]n-b-h''ChnsS "Ducn-m-SpI' F-Xn\v "Ck-eJ' F hmm-WpXv (Ck-eJ F hmn "^' F Acw hcp-t-m "C'
tem-]npw. CsXmcp `m-jm-\nb-a-amWv)- ]mv Dd Hgn-pI FmWv
CXns aqemw. Nne sXmSn-I-fnepw apw mnIv Dd t]mse H-v- \o-p InS-p-Xv ImWmw. ]mv AXns ]pdw-tXmSv Ducn--fp-t]m-b-XmWv. Atm AXn\v Hcp ]pXp-Po-h e`n-p-I-bm-Ws{X. a\-p-ambn bmsXmcp _-hp-an-m Hcp ]pdw-tXm-Sm-bn-cnpw C-c-m [cn-n-p-m-IpI. Nne Imcy-km-[y-X-Imbn B
Dd [cn-p-Ibpw IqSp-X sa-s-Xv Inm hgn sXfn-m AXv
Ducn Fdnp Atm-p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNpw. Am-lp-hn-t\-m
\m-bn D]a ]d-p-X-cm Bp Ignbpw?
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

33
sI.sI.Fw. Pam-ep-o auehn
Fs Hm-I-fnse \pdp-p-I tiJ-cnv hmb-\-m-cn-tev
ssIam-dp-tm Nne hyn-Xz-sf AXn Ds-Sp-m-Xn-cn-m-
Ign-bn. a\-n A{X-Iv Nn{Xw sImnb Nne cq]--fm-W-h.
AXn Hcp {][m-\n-bmWo lrZ-b-kp-lrv.- sI.Fw. aue-hnsb
ImWm Rm Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn BZy-ambn h Znhkw, \mep
]WvUn-X-msc {]t_m-[-\-cw-K-tv Ab-m ]cn-io-en-n-p-

219

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sIm-n-cp Imcyw t\cs hni-Z-am-n-bn-cp-p-htm. Rm

AhnsS Fnb Znhkw Atlw Ahn-sS-bn-m-bn-cpp. cp aqv
Znh-k- Ign-mWv hXv. Xn Ip ]cn-N-b-ambn. Fs
IY-b-dn--tm henb kvt\l-ambn. ZrV-amb Hcm--_--ambn
AXv hfp. {]mbw sImv Ft-m teiw aq-bm-fm-bn-cpp. At-l-ns kc-khpw kmc-k-q-hp-amb kw`m-j-W-fn \npw {]`m-j-W--fn \npw Rm Gsd ]Tn-n-pv.
\mZm-]pcw ASpv Bb-t-cn-bmWv aue-hn-bpsS P-tZiw. hSI-c-bn \npw Ingv Iog F tZip \nmWv hnhmlw.
Xmakw AhnsS nc-s-Spn. \mnse ]n Zkp-I-fn HmXn
]Tnp. Da-dm-_m-Znse tImtf-Pn \npw A^vZ-ep Dea, sbnn Hmw dmmbn ]mmbn. (Av ae-_m aZn-cmin kwm-\n s]-Xm-bn-cpp).- dmn\v Al-amb ]e-Xn Hcp Imcyw,
At-l-s-p-dn-p ZpxJ-nepw a[p-c-X-c-amb Htcm-bmbn
Fs a\-ns sN-n-epv. A-t-lw- Xs ss^\ ]co--bn
kmlnXy kw_--amb Hcp tNmZyw.- Ad_n kmln-Xy-n {ipXns cp-t], _Zo-D--am, lcocn;- Chsc hyXy-kvX-cm-p Ignhp-I-fpsS {]tXy-I-X-I D]-\y-kn-p-Ibpw Ch-cn Bsc-bmWv
\n IqSp-X CjvS-s-Sp--sXv ]d-bp-Ibpw thWw.
Pam-ep-o auehn, cp-t]-cp-tSbpw cN-\-bpsS sshhn-[y-am
{]tXy-I-X-I-sf-p-dnv FgpXn. HSp-hn _Zo-D--ams\ Xm IqSp-X CjvS-s-Sp-p-shpw AXn-te-mbn Rm Hcp sImp IhnX
ChnsS kan-pp Fpw ]d-p-sImv aqSn IhnX cNnp.
AXn HSp-hn-es hcn F\n-n-tmgpw Hm-bpv.
""^a b_kv lco-d Kmen-bew
bp A_-Z IZo-j-Iven _Zo-C''(hfsc anI ]p-hkv{Xw h-h\-pw [cn-m P\m kp-c-\m-bh-s\-tmse Hcn-epw BIp-I-bn-tm)
hkv{Xm-e-m-c-ns tabpw P ku--yc-ns `wKnbpw
thXn-cn Cu {]tbmKw At-l-ns kmln-Xym-`n-cp-Nnsb
{]tXyIw {]I-S-amn. FIvkm-an-\amn-S-bn aue-hn-bpsS D]\ym-khpw Ihn-Xbpw {]tXyIw Nmhnj-b-am-bn-cp-p-hs{X!
hS-I-c-bn ]pcm-X-\-amb Hcp aZvdk Dm-bn-cpp. AhnsS

220

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Aym-]-I-\m-bn-cpp auehn. ITn\ Jpdm-^m-n-sbpw innsbpw {]tZ-i-amWv. aplvbn-o ssiJn\v apl-Zv \_ntbm-
Db m-\-ap-s--m-bn-cp-p- A-hn-Sp-p-Im-cn- ]-e-cp-sS-bpw\ne-]mSv! i]n--s aplvbn-o ame AXn-te-p hnj-hn-mWtm? B Db \ne-]m-Sn-s\-p-dnv ]d-bp IY C-s\-bmWv. \_nbpsS Ime-n\v tijw \m\qdv sImw Ign-m-Wv
ssiJns Imew. ]s, IY XpS-p-Xv AhnsS \n. \_n
anAvdmPv bm{X-bvvt]mbn. BIm-i--fpsS AXnn-bn-se-n-btm aev Pn_vco bm{X ]dp. "Rv Ap-d-tv
{]th-i-\-an'.- CXv lZo-kn hn-p--XmWv. C\n ]d-bp--XmWv
IY. AhnsS \npw \_n tImWn hgn apI-fn-tev Ib-dp-I-bmWv.
GXm\pw ]S-hp-I Nhn-n-b-tm Imen-Sdn, DSs\ Hcm-fpsS tXm
`mKw \_nv Xmm-bn-hp. AXv ssiJns Npa Bbn-cpp!
ssiJns P\\w \S--tm At-l-ns Npa-en Hcp Im]mZw ]Xnp InS-p-p-m-bn-cpp. AXv \_nbpsS Im ]mZns Nn-am-bn-cpp. Atm {]hm-N-Is c-I-\mbn BImi-tem-I--fpsS Ap-dv lmP-dp-m-bn-cp ssiJv \_ntbm Db-h\-s! asm-cn-Sv CXn\v Hcp D]-I-Y-bpv. \_n tKmhWn Ibdn almknwlm-k-\-n Bk-\-m-bn-cn-p Am-lphns kn-[m-\-n Fn. apJ-ap-bn `b-hn-lz-e-\m-bn t\mn. Atm aplvbn-o ssiJv knwlm-k-\-n-en-cn-pp. Fpsh-m.. _mn ]qcn-n-m-\p in \mhn\pw t]\-bvp-an.
Cu Xcw `bm-\-I-amb Ip^vcn-bv Ckvem-ans t]cn {]N-cn-np--h-tc-m ZpjvS-m-cmb Im^n-dp-I thsd-bptm? A_q-Plven-t\-mfpw A_q-e-l-_n-t\-mfpw sImSnb apivcn-p-I! `mcXob ]pcm-W--fnse Ah-Xm-c-I-Y-Isf shp AssZzX hmZ-!
aplvbo-o ame-bnse hnj-b-ns cqX Pam-ep-o auehn
aZvdkm hnZymn-Iv teiw ]d-p-sIm-Spp. AtXmsS aZvdk-bn \npw Atlw _ln-jvIr-X-\mbn. hS-I-c-bnse Am-es apkvenw kaq-ls Ipdnv alm-\mb apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lv-am
kmln_v AhnsS \S-nb Hcp {]kw-K-n ]d Hcp hmNIw
Pam-ep-o aue-hn-bn \npw Rm tIn-pv. ""hS-I-c-m- ]ppXn-m-Xn-cn-p-Xv Chn-sS-bp t]mp-I-fpsS `mKy-amWv.''hS-I-c-bn A-t-l-n-\v- `mcy-bpsS hI Hcp sXn]p-c-bnS-

221

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hpw AXn-semcp hoSp-ap-m-bn-cpp. Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cpp aue-hn-bpsS

Xmakw. `mcym-Kr-l-n Xma-k-am--em-Wtm Ahn-S--fnse
]Xnhv. aue-hnv aqv Ba-fpw Hcp aIfpw Dm-bn-cpp. aq
aI ^mdqJv tImtf-Pnse Kpa-kvX-\m-bn-cpp. At-l-ns
aI Xncp-h-\--]pcw saUn- tImtf-Pn Ah-km\ hjw ]Tnth s]sv ac-W-sp. AsXmcp BLm-X-ambn. At-l-ns
at\m-\ne XI-cm-dn-embn. Hcn- D-bp-ambn ln\v h-tm
Rm a-bn-ep-m-bn-cpp. cm-as aI Fn-\o-bd
- m-bn-cpp.
kpDu-Zn-bn ac-W-sp. IpSpw-_-n\v hXpw Inm km[y-X-bptm Fv Rm AhnsS sN-tm Xn-cn. `mcy t\cnv At]n--W-sa-mWv Innb hnhcw. aqm-as aI sImbn-em-nbn Hcp tlm \S-n-bn-cpp. sI.F.Fw. kwm\ kt-f\w
Iq-cnse ]nem--d-bn \S-n-b-tm AXn\p thn Xm
sNbvX hn]p-ehpw Kw`o-c-hp-amb ] ImWm Rm\pw Imn_v
A_vZp--aZv aue-hnbpw F.F. laoZpw (sImn) t]mIp hgn sImbn-em-n-bnse Cu tlm-ense aIs\- At\z-jnp. Atlw ac-Ws hnh-c-amWv e`n-Xv. aue-hn-bpsS aIfpw Ctm Pohn-n-cn-n. Hcp A\p-P kzw \mn-epv. Ipsd \mfmbn In-n.
1965emWv Rm Pam-ep-o aue-hn-bp-ambn Ah-km\- bm{X
]dp ]ncn-Xv. Rm kpDuZn Khsans W-{]-Imcw
ln\v ]pd-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. auehn Atm tImgn-tmSv km Bip-]-{Xn-bn NnIn--bn-emWv.- bm{Xbvv Hcp-p--Xn-\n-Sbn Hcp Znhkw Rm Bip-]-{Xn-bn sNp. cm{Xn Hcp aWn.
sKbvv Io-tdmSv At] ]dp.- Atlw IS-n-hnp. Rm
sNp-tm auehn Dd-n-bn-n. \s-n\v Xmsg Iymk-dm-bn-cpp tcmKw. ZpxJw Aan thZ-\-tbmsS bm{X ]dp Rm aSn. Rm bm{X ]pd-s-Sp--Xns Xte-cm{Xn Hcp kz]v\w Ip.
bm{Xm-aty I-en shv Rm ac-W-s-Sp-Ibpw anv N-{]Imcw IS-en Xmgvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXn-s\-n BtcmSpw Hpw
]d-n. bm{X ]pd-s-Sp-tm a\-ns `mcw am{X-a, Imens
`mchpw Xmm-\m-hm--Xm-bn-cpp. hn[n A-s\-bm-sW-n XSpm Bp Ignbpw? Am-lp-hns \nbw t]mse Fp-d-nv
bm{X-bmbn. Pn-bn-se-n-b-tijw aZo-\-Xp- lpm-Pn shv
kl-bm-{Xn-I-tcmSv Cu kz]v\ IY ]dp. Xncq-cn-ep Fs

222

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kplrv tUm. Ben-p-n-bpsS ]nXmhv Alv-a-Zv tImb-m Iqn-epv. Atlw ]dp: kzbw acn--Xmbn kz]v\w Im
ASp _pthm kplrtm acn-p-sa-mWv hymJym\w. \mn Bsc-nepw ac-W-s-n-cnpw. \n-fpsS Bbpv ZoLn-psapw kqN-\-bpv. Rm hyk-\tam, ktm-jtam `btam Fs-dn-bm Hcp lmen Ccpp. av Fn. \memw Znhkw
Fw.sI. lmPn-bp-sSbpw Ctmfn Alva-ZvtImb lmPn-bp-sSbpw Ip-I Inn. cnepw Pam-ep-o aue-hn-bpsS ac-W-hm-bp-mbn-cpp. Cpw B ZpxJw Fs IqsS-bpv. bm{X ]dp R
]ncn cwKhpw.
Akm-am\y {]Xn-`m-im-en-bm-bn-cpp Pam-ep-o auehn. _lp`mjm ]WvUn-X\pw Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cpp Atlw. IY-Ifpw
t\mh-ep-Ifpw cNn-n-pv. {In-kvXob anj-\-dn-am-cpsS X{--fpsS
D-d-I-fn-te-n-d-n-s-p Hcp t\mh ae-bm-f-n tImfnfw krjvSn-n-pv. A-hn-izm-k-ns Ccp-fp-I sImv aqSs Imev Ckvem-ans bYm- shfnw a\p-jyv Fn-psIm-Sp-m XymKw sNbvX Fs B-kvt\-ln-X-t\m-sSmw kzK-n Ign-b-W-sav Rm sImXn-pp. Amlp A\p-{K-lns. Pam-ep-o aue-hn-bpsS hnm-\hpw hmIvNm-Xp-cyhpw Ckzvemlo {]m-\-ns hfv Gsd KpW-s-n-pv. {]`m-jWw
F{X aq-bp--Xm-bmepw icn t{imXm-sf ck-I-c-amb Bkzm-Z\-n Xf-n-Sm Fs kplr-n-\p Ignhv Hp-thsd Xsbm-bn-cpp. a\v a\-ns\ sXm-dn-bp kvt\lw! AXm-bn-cpp
R-fpsS _w.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

34
Xr-\n
kn.]n. Ipn-sam-bvXo auehn (Xr-\n)sb Xr-\n Fp
am{Xw ]d-m Av ae-_m-dn Adn-bp-am-bn-cpp. Ckz-vemlo
{]m-\-ns Ncn-{X--m-fp-I-fn Xr-\n Fp-ap-mIpw. BZ-i-n-\p-thn kl\w sImv XymKw sNbvX auehn Ncn-{X-n thdn-p-\npp. Rm Xncq-c-mSn \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-k-

223

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn BZy-ambn Fnb Znhkw Xs At-ls Ip -]-cn-N-bsp. F\nv Atlw \smcp Iqp-Im-c-\m-bn-cpp. Dc-m Xo]m-dp In-t]m-se-bm-bn-cpp {]kwK ssien. At-l-ns ]cnlm-k-i-c--tfv ]utcm-lnXyw ]pf-p-sIm-n-cpp. \mn Atlw H-bm-\m-bn-cpp. IpSpw-_-n hyXykvX Nnm-K-Xn-m-cp-apm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw Hscm kpn-bp-an-m-bn-cpp. Xs ]nXmhv
\mn `qcn-]--n\pw Jp-B HmXm ]Tn-n DkvXm-ZmWv.
]s, kpn-b-m-Xm-b-Xp-sImv \mp-Im H-s-Spn. Atlw
ac-W-sp. ]Xn-hp-t]mse J_ Xm-dmn. an-p-ambn _p- J_m-\n Fn. \mp-Im J_-d-S-m k-Xn-n.
anvIn ]n-ap-v shv aI Ipn-sam-bvXo aue-hn-bSw Fm-hcpw Xncn-p-t]mbn. kpn-I AXv Npav hop-ap-v
sImp-hv shp. at-cn-bn \npw hnh-c-a-dnp t]meokv Fn. Hcp tbmPn-n\v henb {iaw \Sn. hlm-_n-I aX-n
\npw ]pd-mWv, apkvenw-Isf ad-am-Sp-n-Sv A\yaX-mv
m\-an FmWv \mp-Iq--ns hmin. As\ Ggp-Zn-hkw!!
tlm! Btem-Nn-p-tm ico-c-hpw-, a\pw hnd-p-I-bmWv. B anns Zmcp-W-amb nXn! AXn-t\-m-tf-sd-bm-Wtm hon-ep-h-cpsS Ah! B aIs Xpey-X-bn-m kl\w! Hm-bn
Xs a\v ]nS-pp. Fsmcp ZpxJw! Fsmcp XymKw! Amdp_v\p bmkn-dn s IpSpw-_-ns AXn-Zm-cp-W-amb IY! ]oU\-ns Ak-ly-amb thZ-\-bn \mhp hgp-Xn-tmb kw`hw! AXn\v kam-\-am-b-Xt Fs Iqp-Im-c-tbpw IpSpw-_-n-sbpw A\p`hw. AsXmv hWn-m hmp-I tXSp-tm-sgm-sbpw Rm
tXmp ]nam-dp-I-bmWv ]Xnhv. Ctmgpw As\ Xs. HSp-hn
t]meo-kns AXn Ii-\-amb CS-s]-S-en-eqsS, Xm-dm--s J_-dn Xs ASw sNbvXp. t]meokv tIsk-Spp. tIkv
atcn tImS-Xn-bn-sen.
C.sI. A_q-_- apkvenbm-c-Sw (Av iwkp Deam ]Zhn-bn-se-n-bn-n) {]K kpn apkvenbm- kmn-I-fmbn
tImS-Xn-bn hp. hnkvXm-chpw FXn hnkvXm-c-hp-ambn tIkp
Ipsd \m \op. C.sI. apkvenbm A]-I-S-I-chpw Ap-X-I-c-hpamb cp hnj-b- kmn-sam-gn-bmbn ]d-Xv tImSXn tcJs-Spn. apPm-lnZv hn`m-K-n-\p-thn kmn ]d--h-cn {]ap-

224

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

J B.bp.F. tImtfPv {]nkn-m-fm-bn-cp kn.]n. A_q-_-

aue-hn-bm-bn-cp-p. tIkv \S-n-ns Npa-Xe sI.F.Fw. kw-m\ sk{I-dn F.sI. A_vZp eo^v auehn kzbw Gs-Spp.
C.sI. apkvenbm \Inb samgn-bn (1) ""Cm-I-\Av_pZp'' F
kp{]-[m-\hpw ASn-m\--]-c-hp-amb hN-\-n "am{Xw' Fv Cspw "\ns R Bcm-[n-pp' Fv ]d-m aXn-bm-Ip-XmWv Fpw hmZnp. (2) \_nbpsS Acpa aI ^mXzna
"ASp IpSpw-_-sf XmoXv sNpI'- F hN\w Ah-X-cnv
AXp-{]-Imcw {]hn-p--Xp-hsc Im^n-dm-bn-cpp! CtX-p-dnv
""Ah-msc tXm]n-m Atm As\ ]d-tb-n-hp.'' Fp apkvenbm \ymbw ]d Imcyw t\cs Rm ]d-n-pv.
apPm-lnZv `mK-p-\n-mWv Cs\ ]d--sXv k]n-pI. Fn Cu {]m\w Xs ChnsS Dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-n! ]s, apkven-bm-v Fpw ]dbmw. ]d-Xv Ftmgpw amn-dbmw. kpn _lp-P\w AX-Sn hngp-n-smpw. AXmWo
apkvenbm--fpsS in. adnv,- kzX-{-ambn Nnn-p-Ibpw Jp-B\n\pw lZo-kn\pw t\cnb hne-sb-nepw I]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp-sh-n kpn {]m-\-ns Kw-t]mepw ChnsS Dm-Ipam-bn-cp-n. apPm-lnZv hn`m-K-n-\p-thn hmZn ho hn.Fw.sI. AlvaZv kmln-_m-bn-cpp. Atlw Zkn InXm-t_mXn ]Tn apkvenbm-cm-bn-cpp. ]m\m-bn-pfw hn.Fw.sI. AlvaZv. CXv apkven-bm-v hn\-bmbn. tImS-Xn-bn Bbpw lZokpw Dt]m_-e-I-am-bn-p tNmZy- Ahsc IjvS-n-emn. Atm
I-Sv Ifhp ]d-bm-s\m-cpn. Cu tIns hmZ {]Xn hn`m-K-tfm-Sp hnkvXm-chpw FXn hnkvXm-chpw apgp-h-\mbn CunsS
Cd-nb i_m_v hnti-jm {]Xn-bn {]kn-o-I-cn-n-cpp.
sImn ]\-b-n-n-bn-ep aZvd-k-p apPm-ln-Zo Hmdn-b
sslkvIq-fns tImu-n-ep Fv.C. _m_p-tk-ns amXmhv
JZo-Pm-_mbn kw`m-h\ sNbvX ssaXm-\n-bn Hcp hn apPm-lnZv
kt-f\w \S-p-I-bmWv. Atm-gmWv A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hnv
at-cn-bn \npw t^m ktiw e`n-Xv. "ap-q ]n
tIkv'- \ Pbnp. J_m \ntcm-[\w Hgn-hmn. \ntcm-[\w
]mSn-m--Xm-sWv tImSXn AwKo-I-cnp. apl-Zv \_n {]t_m-[\w sNbvX Ckvemw- aXw icn-bmbn ]np-S-cp--h hlm-_n-

225

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I-fm-sWv sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ]n_-e-n tImSXn {]Jym-]np,hyn, IpSpw_ {]iv\--fn \npw CsXmcp kmaq-lnI {]iv\-amn-bXv _pn-]q-amb \S-]-Sn-bm-bn-cpp. kn.]n. Ipn-sam-bvXo aue-hnbpw ktlm-Z-c-mcpw AXn I-Tn-\-amb XymKw klnp.
IjvSX A\p-`-hnp. a Ah-ew-_np.
\mn XpW-bmbn Bcp-an-m-Xn-cp-npw BZi-n Hcp ISpIp-a-Wn-tbmfw hnp-ho-gvNv Xm-dm-ImsX Dd-p-\n [oc apPm-lnZm-bn-cpp kn.]n. Xr-\n. BZi hoYn-bn s]mXp Xmev]-cy-taJ-ev ]mew ]Wn-bm Btem-Nn-p Fs kplr-p-
kn.]nsb h-tmgpw Htmn-cp-p-sh-n? efn-X-amb ssien,
kw`m-j-W-nse hyX, BZi {]Xn-]m-Z-\-nse iqcX CsXmw kn.]n.bpsS {]kwK khn-ti-j-X-I-fm-bn-cpp. Xr-\-n-bn
\npw Aco-tmSv, atcn, Iptmn Fn-hn-S--fn-tev Xpey-Zqc-amWv. ]g-b -\mpcmPm--m-cpsS Hcm-m-\-am-bn-cpp ChnSw.
{Zhn Hcp sImm-c-ns Ah-in-jvS-fpw AhnsS Dm-bn-cp-p.
]nbpw J_m\pw \np en-\v- ap-\q Fp ]dbpp. AXp-sIm-mWv ap-\q ]n-tIkv Fv ]d-b-s-Xv.
Fs {]nb Iqp-Im-c-\mb kn.]nv Amlp ]c-tem-Iv kl-\io-epw XymKn-Ipw \Ip al-mb {]Xn-^ew \Ip-amdm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

35
kpDu-Zn-bn-tev
1955emWv Fs BZys lv bm{X-bp-m-bXv. XnIpw
Ahn-Nm-cn-X-am-bn-cpp AXv. lv \n_--amb Hc-h--bn-e-mbn-cpp Rm. AXp-sImv Cs\ Hcp Imcyw Dt-in-n-n-m-bncpp. Iq kztZ-inbpw tImgn-tmSv tlmsk-bn XpWn---hS-m-c-\p-am-bn-cp F. Alva-ZvIpn lmPn AhI-fmWv Fs
BZy-ambn ln\v sImp-t]m-bXv. Ctlw Hcp-th-f-bn ]m-fn Inn {]kn-U-mbn tkh\w sNbvXn-pv. Rm At-lhp-ambn henb Imc-W-a-m Imcy-n Hcn- teiw \oc-k-apm-bn-pv.

226

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Atlw Hcp Znhkw Fs IS-bn hnfn-np. \nv lv

sNm Bi-bnt Fp tNmZnp. GXp apAvan\mWv AXm-{K-lnm-Xv Fv Rm adp-]-Snbpw \In. Atm Atlw ]d-p;
""\n Fm-hjhpw ln\v At] \Ip ka-b-am-bm
AtX-p-dnv JpXv_ \S-m-dp-tm. AXv tIv ]ecpw ApXs t^mdw hmn At]-n-Xv Rm Adnbpw. Rm\pw AXnsem-cp--\mWv. \n-fpsS JpXz-v_ tIm \n AXn-bmbn
Bin-p-p-shv tXmm-dpv. Rm Hcn-IqSn t]mIm B{Kln-pp. \n Ftm-sSmv hcptam?'' Rm Bh-iy-s-Sp-n
Fv ]dp. ImcWw F\nv AXn\p Ign-hn. AXp-sImv ^fp-an. Bfp-I ln\v t]mIm ]ncnhp FSp-p--Xmbn Rm
In-pv. XnI A\m-h-iy-am-WXv. ]S--h I]n-n-n-m
Hcp Imcy-n-\p-thn Bfp-I-tfmSv bmNnp \S-pI. kImv ^fm-Wtm? F\nv kImv sImSp--W-sav AXn-bmb tamlw.
Ign-hn. AXp-sImv Fs Bi \nd-th-m Fm-hcpw Fs
klm-bn-Ww Fv ]d-m F-s\-bn-cnpw? AXp-t]m-se-Xs-bmWv ln-\p-t]m-Im ]ncn-sh-Sp-epw. Alva-ZvIpn lmPn
]dp. ""th, Rm \nsf Wn-p-I-bmWv. Cu Ww
\nv kzoI-cn-p-IqtS''Ww kzoI-cnp. At-l-tm-sSmw Rm I-en a-tv bm{X-bmbn. lv Ign--tm- Hcmi.- D]-cn-]-T-\-n\v kuIcyw e`n-m AhnsS IqSn-bmtem Fv. Rm \n-tfm-sSmv aSp-n Fv lmPnsb Adn-bnp. Atlw k-Xn-n. \n-fnhnsS InSv IjvS-s-m IpSpw-_-mcpw kplr-p-fpw Fs
Ip-s-Sppw. AXv icn-bm-hn Fmbn lmPn. Atm Rm
Hcp X{w {]tbm-Kn-p-t\mn. Fn Rm Ah-km-\s I-en hcmw. AXv Atlw k-Xnp. Ah aSn.
Av aZo-\-bnse Ckvem-anIv bqWn-th-gvknn XpS-n-bn-n.
dnbm-Zn "Ipn-b-Xp--K-X-n Ad-_n' F Ad_n `mj-bn
DX ]T-\-n-\p tImtfPv Bcw-`n-n-pv. Hm-as _mnte-p AUvan-js ka-b-amWv. cmPm-hns t\cn-p D-c-hnemWv {]th-i\w \Ip-Xv. Rm F{X NmSn-bmepw Fn-n-Snm Ign-bm inJcw. hgn-Im-Wn-p-X-cm Rm ZpB sNbvXpsIm-n-cpp. Atm Hcp \-bp a\p-jys\ ]cn-N-b-sp.

227

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]mIn-m-\nse dmh]n-n kztZin. apl-Zv ico^v kmln_v.

At-l-tmSv Fs B{Klw Adn-bnp. At-l-n\v Ad_n
\mbn Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-Xv `mKy-ambn. Fp-sImtm At-l-n\v Ftm-Sv- henb kvt\l-ambn. Atlw ]dp; ""\n kDuZv
cmPm-hn\v B{Klw Adn-bn-p-sImv Hcp sSe{Kmw sNpI.'' Rm
tNmZnp. Fntm? \n ZpB sNq. Amlp HuZm-cy-hm-\t
Fm-bn-cpp adp-]Sn. a\v XWpp. Ghpw henb A`-b-tI-{amWv Nqn-m-Wn-Xv. Rm {]mn-p-sImpw Xh-p-emnbpw In-b-Snp. kpDuZn Atd-_y-bpsS m]-I-\mb A_vZp
Ako-kp_v\p kDu-Zns aq aI-\mb kpDu-Zp_v\p A_vZp
Akokv BWv As cmPmhv. Cy kin GI kpDuZn
`c-W--e-h\pw Ct-l-amWv. (Ct-l-ns `c-W-Im-e-mWv
Cy {][m-\-a{n ]WvUnv Ph-lem s\lvdp kpDu-Zn-bn
hXv.)- HutZym-KnI ki\thf-bn Hc-]q kw`hw Dmbn.
cmPm-hn\v Xma-kn-m Uln-bn Hcp-n-bn-cp hk-Xn-bpw InSp-ap-dn-bpw KmnPn, kZm ]t, hnth-Im-\-, tKm-Jse,
auem\m apl--Zen XpS-nb tZiob t\Xm--fp-sSbpw aXm-Nm-cym-cp-sSbpw Nn{X- sImv Ae--cn-n-cpp. a\p-jy-Nn-{X-
\nc-n-sh-n-cn-p B apdn-bn Xma-kn-m cmPmhv Iqm-nbn. Ah-sbmw \ow- sN--sp. t{]mtm-tm A\p-k-cnv
cmjv{S--e-h-m Kmn-Pn-bpsS ih-Ip-So-c-n (cmPvLv) dov
kan--epv. AXpw Atlw \S-n-bn. inv]-c-amb A\mNm-c- F \ne-bn-emWv t^mtm \ncm-I-cn-epw dov kaW _ln-jvI-c-Whpw cmPm-hn \np-m-bXv. temI-p apgph ke-^n-Ifpw Av Bm-Znp. Fn\pw GXn\pw m\-e_v[-n ey-amn \ne-hn-fv In-m\pw ih-a--n ]pjv]m\ \S-m\pw Zo]w sXmgm\pw Xnc-p-Iq-Sp apkvenw \ma-[m-cnI-fmb t\Xm--m Ckvem-an\v A]-am-\-amWv. Zpbm-hn\v thn
Zo\ns\ ]nd-In-tev \o! Fm kpDuZn cmPmhv At-lns XuloZv BZi-n Dd-p-\np. inns Nn-
\ncm-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CsXmcp A]q kw`-h-amWv. F-m
Fp-sImtm ]noSv Hcn-epw Hcp kpDuZn `c-W--e-h Cybn-tev Wn--s-n.
Fs kplrv apl-Zv ico^v Ctm Pohn-n-cn-n. Am-

228

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lp At-l-n\v A\p-{Klw sNp-am-dm-Is. Rm ]cn-N-b-s-Sptm Atlw dnbmZv id-C tImtf-Pnse cmw hj ]Tn-Xm-hmbn-cpp. Ctlw Fs Ahn-Ss Nne DX ssiJp-am-cpsS ASp Iqn-sm-p-t]mbn ]cn-N-b-s-Spn. {]nkn-m B Iqn s]Spw. apl-Zv ico^v kmln-_ns kvt\l-k---amb
Zqc-m-gvN-bm-bn-cpp CsXmw. ]no-SmWv F\n-Xv Xncn-Xv.
sImm-c-n \npw Fs At] At\z-j-W-n-\mbn AbXv ta ]d ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS kn-[n-bn-te-m-bn-cpp. Ah
Fs-p-dnv \Xv FgpXn sImm-c-n-tev Abp. hS-m-tcn kztZin kA-Zp-o aue-hnbpw Ftm-sSm--amWv At]-n-Xv.
At-l-n\pw Ftm-sSmw AUvan-j Inn. kA-Zp-o auehnv Ft-m Nne ta-bp-m-bn-cpp. Cwojv \mbn Adnbp-am-bn-cpp FXv Xs. AUvan-j Innb hnhcw Fs ln\v sImp-t]mb lmPn-km-ln-_ns\ Adn-bnp. \n ]dp.
At-l-n-\p-thn {]mnp. hon-tepw ap th-s--hpw hnhcw Adn-bnp. Fs _lp-am-\y-\mb Kpcp-\m-Y sI.Fw.
auehn AhIpw.
1955 apX 59 hsc-bm-bn-cpp ]T\w. Av dnbm-Zn Bcw-`n
Pman-A-X-p Camw apl--Zp_v\p kpDuZv A Ckvem-an F
bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bpsS Iogn-ep tImtf-Pm-bn-cpp Rm ]Tn
""Ipn--Xp--p-K-n Ad-_n''.- ssiJv A_vZp aen-Iv_v\p
C_vdmlow Bep-ssi-Jv AhI-fm-bn-cpp BZys cp hjw
{]nkn- m- f m- b n- c p- Xv . Bep- s siJv Fv ]d- b p- Xv apl- Zp_v\p A_vZp hlm_ns IpSpw-_-s-bmWv. aX-t\-XrXzw
Bep-ssi-Jn\pw `c-W-t\-XrXzw Bep kpDu-Zn-\p-amWv.
\n-dw,- `-m-j,- th-jw-,- h-Kw- C-Xym-Zn- H-pw- C-k-vemw- ]-cn-K-Wn-Ipn-.- a-\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-bw- H-v,- H-scm-- I-p-Spw-_w.- si-Z-h-`-n- am-{X-amWv- ]-cn-K-Wn---Sp-I.- F-m- ]-e-bn-S-pw- ]-e-Xpw- ]-cn-K-Wn--sSp-p-v.- Nn-e- Ip-Spw-_-n-\p- ta-?- Nn-e- tPm-en- sN-p--h--fB-Uy-Xzw.- C-kv-emw- hn-`m-h-\- sN-bv-X-,- amXrI ImWn kmaq-lnI
\oXn-bp-sSbpw ka-Xz-n-sbpw ewL-\-amWv. In-ta-a kaq-lnepw Cu D-\o-NXzw Cpw ImWp-pv. apv sImn-bnse
ss\\m kaq-l-n CXp-m-bn-cpp. {_mW hK-n \npw
aX-]-cn-h\w sNbvX-h-cpsS s]m-w. km-n-I-ambpw kmaq-

229

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ln-I-ambpw XIv apSn--tm Cu A\m-Nmcw ss\\m hKn \npw {ItaW Cm-Xmbn. X-m F-dn-b-s-Sp--h-cn
\npw Hsms Cu Zqjyw amdn-bn-pv. apgp-h-\p-am-bn-n. In
tkp-am-cnepw Cu h-hn-th-N\w An-n-Sn-n-cn-pp. Ckv-emanI hncp--amb Cu Zpjn hhnth-N\w ta]-d Xc-m-cmb PmXn hK--fn \ne-\n-n-cpp. km-nI ta-bm-Wv ]etmgpw Cu Xnv B[mcw.
km-n-I-amb Ak-aXzw AwKo-I-cn-p-sImp Xs Ckvemw
Cu Zpcm-Nm-c-n-s\-Xn-cn al-mb amXrI ImgvN-sh-n-pv.
Imd- amIvkns km-nI kaXzw XnIpw a\pjy {]Ir-Xnv
hncp-hpw A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-hp-amb Hcp s]m knm--am-sWv
Ah kzbw sXfn-bn-n-pv. sXmgn-emfn hK kwc--I-cmb t\Xm-, FbI-o-j _wm-hp-I-fnepw Imdp-I-fnepw kpJnp
aZn-m-Sp-tm adp-hiw \mw ImWp-nt? Hcp IjvWw sdmn-pthn kwL-Sn djy P\X s{Iw-en sImm-c-n hmW-cp-fnb
Iayq-Wnv BNm-cy-msc Bn-tbm-Snp. Iayq-Wn-k-ns kp{][m-\ {]tbm-mhpw hymJym-Xm-hp-amb se\ns {]Xn-a -t]mepw
tam-kvtIm \K-c-n XI-sp. Ing- bqtdm-]y cmPy-fn \npw Iayq-Wnkw XpS-p-am--sp. ^nU Imkvt{Sm-hns
Iyq_ am{X-amWv CXn-s\m-c-]-hmZw. tkzm-[n-]-Xn-bm-sW-nepw P\v \ sNp--h-\mWv Atlw F-dn-bpp. Ata-cn-
km{am-PyXz at\m-`m-h-sbpw Ip{]-kn--amb kn.sF.F.bpsS
kI-e-am\ FXnp-I-tfbpw IpX-{--tfbpw AXn-Po-hn-vsImv
\mep ]Xn-m-p-I-fn-te-sd-bmbn P\]np-W-tbmsS Imkvt{Sm kpcn-X-\mbn hmgpp. At-l-ns P\-]n-p-W-p sXfn-hmbn
CXns\ KWnmw.
km-nI kaXzw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp knm--am-Ipp. Ckvemw
CXns\ \ncm-I-cn-pp. hW-W-hK hnth-N-\-sbpw D-\o-NXz-tbpw Ckvemw shdp-pp. Am-lp-hns shdp-ns\ `b-sSp--h AXn\npw tamNn-X-cm-Is. _nem \ot{Km hwi-P-\mb ASn-abpw AK-Xn-bp-am-bn-cpp. ]s, kXy-hn-izmkw sImv
XymK-ns Xoq-f-bn Atlw Dcp-In-s-fnp. {]hm-N-I
At-ls kvt\lnp. ssI]n-Sn-p-bn. BVy-m-cmb Jpssdin-I-fpsS kZ-n At-ls AwK-amn. kmaq-lnI \oXn-bpsS

230

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Dpw-K-irw-K-n-tev \_n _nem-ens\ Dbnb kw`hw

temI {]i-kvX-amWv. am-hn-Pbw! hnip IAv_bpsS B[n-]Xyw
apkvenw-I Gs-Sp-p-I-bmWv. {]hm-N-Is hnip kmn-y-n!- D-X-Ip-e-Pm-Xcpw k--mcpw Ihn-Ifpw hym]mc {]ap-Jcpw
kp{]-kn tbmm-fpw IAv_v Nppw hf-p-\npp.
AhnsS \_nbpsS CjvS-tXm-g-\mb A_q-_- Dv, Da,
Aen XpS-n-b-h-cpv. A_vZp-d-lvam-\p_v\p Hu^v, C_v\p akvDuZv, Awdp-_v\p Bkv, Jmen-Zp_v\p heoZv As\ F{X-sb{X {]ap-J-m! {]hm-NI t{ijvTs \mhn \npw Db i_vZw
""_nem! _nem! IAv_bpsS apI-fn _mns i_vZw apgq.'' Xulo-Zns i_vZhpw cnkm-e-ns al-Xzhpw tIn-m\m-Wtm Xm I]n--s-Sp-Xv!- _nem hndp. ""Xmt\m?!'' Hcp
\nanjw! Atlw hnd-p lrZ-b-tmsS hnXp-p Npp-I-tfmsS,- ac-hn Im]m-Z--tfmsS Nppw t\mn-bn-cnpw. ]s Amlp-hns {]hm-N-Is hnfn-tIp Nmc-tp sNp. IAv_bpsS
apI-fn-tev Ib-dm Bm-]np. Dbcw Ipd _nem\v
_pn-ap-p-m-bn-cpp. temI-n\v Imcp-Wy-ambn Amlp \ntbmKn {]hm-NI t{ijvT Xs ssIXv Npa-cn shp. B hnip-
Ic-n-t Nhnn _nem IA_m an-c-n\v apI-fn-sen.
Amlp AIv_! _nem-ens {i-hW kpc Kw`o-c-amb B
i_vZw tIp P\- tImcn--cnp!- Ah AtX-p-]-dp. apIfn \np--Xmcv? Xmsg \np--Xm-scmw? CXn-t\-m DZmhpw D-X-hp-amb Hcp kmaq-lnI \oXn-bpsS {]mtbm-KnI {]Jym]\w temI-s-hn-sS-bmWv DZm-l-cn-m Ign-bpI. Cy-bpsS `cW-L-S\m in-]n-bmb `owdmhp Awt_-ZvI-dpsS Hcp Nn{Xw A[x-IrX-\m-b-Xns t]cn ]me-sa v lmfn Xqm \mep ]Xn-m-pI hnk--Xn tZiob aqcm-n-I! `c-W-L-S-\-bn Fgp-Xn-sh
kmaq-lnI \oXn-bpsS GSp Npa-p-I-bm-Wn-tmgpw A-h-. J-p-B-\ns {]-tbmKw F{X al-c-w! ""GSp Npa-p Igp-X-I''!- \p-sS
kaq-l-nepw Cu GSp Npa-p--h-cpv. k-\pw D-X-Ip-e-PmX-\p-amb A_vZp-d-lvam-\p_v\p Hu^ns kp-cn-bmb ktlm-Z-cnsb \o-t{Km ASn-a-bmb _nem-en\v CW-bmn sImSpp. Jeo^m
Da _nem-ens\ "bm knZo' (Fs \mbIm) Fv BZ-c-]qw
hnfn-p-am-bn-cpp.

231

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

{]hm-N-Is\ A-cm-n kvt\ln, A\p-k-cn A\p-Nc-m! \tfm? Zo\pw KpW-ta--bp-ap bphm-v t]mepw aIsftbm ktlm-Z-cn-sbtbm CW-bmbn sImSp-m hnk--Xn-pp.
ImcWw hW PmXn `mj hnth-N\w am{Xw. GSp Npa-p IgpX-I F {]tbmKw Chn-sSbpw ^-nm-Iptam? X--m-pw- ap-hpw \nbaw Hp-Xs. Ah hnNm-cW Znh-ks Im-psIm-s.
Ipn-b-X-p--K-Xp- Ad-_n (Ad_n `mjm tImtfPv),- Ipn-b-Xp Deq-an--d-C (aX-hn-m\ tImtfPv) cpw Xpey ]Z-hn-bmWv.
cn GsX-nepw sXc-s-Sp-m Ah-k-c-ap-m-bn-cpp. AhnsS A[n-Ihpw ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp-Xv id-C--bpsS kn-^n--m-bncpp. Rm `mjm tImtfPv sXcs-Spp. Imn_v A_vZp-aZv aue-hnbpw kA-Zp-o aue-hnbpw id-C--bn {]th-i\w hmn. F\npw kA-Zp-o aue-hnpw sSpw Chyqh-pw Dm-bncp-n. A_vZp--aZv auehn sslkvIq ]T\w ]qn-bm-n-bncpp. R aqp-t]cpw Hcp-an-mWv tImtf-Pn tNXv. A_vZp--aZv auehn \mnt]mbn `mcysb Iqn-hp. Sn.Fw. CkvlmJv
aue-hn-bpsS aq-a-I-fmWv BZy-`mcy. Rm `mjm tImtfPv sXcs-Sp-m ImcWw, `mjm hnm-\-n IqSp-X Ignhp
t\Sm B{K- l n- p- X - s - b m- b n- b n- c pp. aX- h n- m\w t\Sm
{K-sf B{i-bn--W-atm. AXn\v sa-s `mjmkzm[o\w
IqSntb Ignbq. AXp-sImv `mjm tImtfPv aXn Fv Xocp-am-\np. asmv, ]T-\-tijw AhnsS Xs Ign-p-Iq-S-W-sav t\cs Dt-iy-ap-m-bn-cp-n.
R AhnsS ]Tn-p Imev Hcp hnti-j-ap-mbn. Cy-
{][m-\-a{n Ph-lem s\lvdp kpDu-Zn-bn HutZym-Kn-I ki-\mw Fn. ]{X am[y-a-fn-e-pw DtZymK aWvU-e-nepw
Hcp s]cp-mt]mse Bbn-cpp B k`w. Cy-mcpw AXncp Bm-Znp. ]{X- At-ls FXn-tc-Xv kam-[m-\-ns
ZqX (dkq-ep-emw) F hnti-jWw \In-bm-bn-cpp. Atm-
Rsmcp tamlw,- \psS {][m-\-a{n ChnsS Fn-bnv
\ At-ls Hv kin-t--Xt? cp hmv kwkm-cnt--Xt? Hp {ian-p-t\mmw. As\ A\p-hm-Z-n-\mbn
R At]-np. ApXw Xs!- A\p-hmZw e`np. Ip.-

232

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s\lvdp Rsf kvt\l-tmsS lkvX-Zm\w sNbvXv kzoI-cnp.

Hcp-an-n-cpp Nmb IpSnp.- kwkm-cnp. F\nv DdpZp Adn-bn.
Cwo-jp-a-dn-bn. kA-Zp-o aue-hnv cpw \mbn Adnbmw.
A_vZp--aZv aue-hnpw AXym-hiyw DdpZp Adnbmw. Iq-n
t]mv Rm Xs. s\lvdp tNmZnp ""Cu ]T\w ]qn-bm-nbm FmWv \n Dt-in-p-Xv?''- Rm DSs\ ]dp: \mntev aSn AhnsS {]hn-m B{K-ln-pp. Atlw {]XnI-cnp:- ""\Xv''.- Iqp-Im cp-t]cpw \ni-_vZ-cmbn. Ah-cpsS \ni_vZ-Xbpw Fs i_vZhpw {]tbm-K-n hp. Rm DtZymKw
kzoI-cn-msX \mn-tev aSn. Iqp-Im DtZymKw kzoI-cnv
Ahn-sS-IqSn. AhnsS \npw Ad_n s]p-sf hnhmlw sNbvXp. IpSpw-_-Xm-a-k-amn. AhnsS ]ucXzw t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

36
A_vZp--d-Du^v asse-_mcn
dnbm-Zn shmWv BZy-]-cn-Nbw. AhnsS Atlw Hcp sNdnb
_pv Untm \S-pp. ]n-I-fn km[m-cW \S-p-h-cp
Zkp-I-fnepw apw ]s-Sppw. B \ne-bn hfsc ]Tn--h AhnsS Ipsd-bpv. Fgp-n. X^vko-dp-I hmbnp hni-Zo-I-cnv sImSp- - e mWv ]Xnhv . `mj- b n th{X ]cn- m- \ - a n- m- X n- c p
[mcmfw t]v Ccw mp-I Gsd ^ew sNbvXn-pv.
Nmh-mSv aW-e kztZ-in-bmWv A_vZp-d-Du^v auehn. Nn\mv IpSpw_w. R ka-{]m-b-m-cm-bn-cpp. ]cn-N-b-s
Ap-ap-X R-fpsS _w CS-ap-dn-bmsX XpSp.- kpDu-Zn-bnep--tmgpw \mn-se-nb tijhpw Ip-I-fn-eq-sSbpw AhnsS
sNp lmPn-am-cn-eq-sSbpw B kw A\kyq-Xw XpSp.
Ipsd- mew hjw- t Xmdpw Rm Atmv t]mIp- a m- b n- c pp.
]noSv Atlw km DtZym-K-n av Xma-ka-mn. av hm At-l-tm-sSm--amWv Fs Xmakw. AXv At-ln\v \n_--am-bn-cpp. F\n-t-hpw ktm-jhpw. A{X-bvnjvS-am-bn-cpp Fs. F{X \ a\p-jy-\m-bn-cpp auehn. hn\-bio-e, kvt\l-k--, HuZm-cy-hm. hyn-]-c-ambn Fs

233

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ghpw \ KpW-Imw-n-I-fn Hcm. AXym-hiyw ae-bmfw Fgppw hmb-\bpw Adnbmw. hnhmlw sNbvXn-n. X\nv Inp
km-Zy-samw Zo\o Imcy-pw Poh-Im-cpWy {]h-\-pw IpSpw-_m-Zn-Ipw thn sNe-h-gnpw. Ahn-sS-sb-p
\mp-Imv auehn Fpw Hc-m-Wn-bm-bn-cpp. Rm sImn-bn-
Xma-k-ap Imev, 70Ifn-emWv AXv. Iq, ]n. A_vZp JmZn
auehn cNn {]kn--amb "Au-loZv' F al-mb {Kw
At-l-ns kzw sNe-hn apPm-lnZv ]n-t-jkv (sImn)
{]km-[-I-cmbn ]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-cWw \Sn. Hcp cq]v kuP\y
\nc-n sNe-h-gn-m 5000 tImn-I Av Xm-dmn. apgp-h
sNehpw At-l-ns kw`m-h-\-bm-bn-cpp. Hcp cq] hne shv
e`n-p kwJy Zo\o tkh-\-n-mbn Atlw An-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Cs\ Fn--d-bm Hm-bn-ep-Xp Xs [mcm-famWv. IpSpw-_m-Zn-I-fn ]e-tcbpw hnfn-p-h-cpn lv \n-lnm Ah-k-c-ap-m-n-bn-pv. At-l-ns Cfb ktlm-Z-c
sI.kn. apl--Zpn am Xncq-mSv IpSpw_ Xma-k-amWv. kvIq-
Aym-]-I-\mbn dn-b sNbvXp. A_vZp--aZv aue-hn-bpsS `mcym
ktlm- Z cn ssaaq- \ - b mWv At- l - ns {]nb- X a. im\pw
kkz-`m-hnbpw \ a-fpsS ]nXmhpw Fs IpSpw_kplr-pamWv. apl--Zpn am XncqmSv nc-s-Sm ImcWw Xs
Rm\pw A_vZpd-Du^v aue-hn-bp-am-bp B-_--amWv.
A_vZpd-Du^v aue-hn-bpsS th]mSv Fs A]q ZpxJ-fn Hm-Ipp. 1980 inB--fpsS ldw ssItbw \S `b--camb kml-Ncyw. Av Rm Ahn-sS-bpv. ld-an tNmc-pg HgpInb ZpxJ-I-c-amb B Znh-k- apkvenw-tem-I-ns Bm-hn\v
apdn-th Ime-am-bn-cpp. F{X-t]-cmWv ]m-f-ns shSn-tbv acn-sXv Hcp cq]-hp-an. B{I-an-I-fpsS tXmn\nc-bm-b-hcpw Ipd-hmbn-cp-n. temIw Xs sRn-hn-d B `oIc XmWvU-h-n
a-bn ld-an Bpw Bsc-p-dnpw Hcp hnh-chpw Cm-bn-cpp. \np-t-Sv \npw asm-cn-S-tv amdm Hcmpw A\phm-Z-an-m `oI-cm-h! A_vZpd-Du^v auehn ld-an XsbmWv Xmakw. At-l-n\v AhnsS {]tXyI apdn-bpv. FmWv
aue-hn-bpsS nXn F-dn-bm Rm Ign-bpw-hn[w {ian-p-t\mn. bmsXmcp hnh-c-hp-an. Iem]w HXp-nb tijw hnhcw e`np.
shSn-tbp acn \ne-bn At-l-ns PUw e`np. BcpsS

234

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

shSn-bm-tW--sXv dn\v am{Xw Adnbmw. ]m-fhpw inB `oI-cmcpw Xn-em-bn-cp-p-htm bpw. BgvN-I Xs ld-an kwL-Sn-X- \a-kvImcw apSn. PpapA apSn. \qm-p-I-fmbn A\kyqXw \S-n-cp IAv_sb {]Z-nWw sNp al-mb Iw
\np-t]mbn. cw ]pc Xdbpw Npa-cp-Ifpw! shSn-bp Xdv
s]mfn e-!- BI-msS hnh-cn-m km[ya-m-Im ZpxJI-c-amb `oI-cX. Fmw hrn-bmn ]qm-h--bn Fn
tij-amWv PpapA XpS-n-bXv. Ppap-A-bn ]s-Sp tij-amWv
Rm \mn-tev aS-n-bXv.
Pohn-X-n henb ]co--W-v Fs ktlm-Z-c A_vZpd-Du^v auehn hnt[-b-\m-bn-pv. AXn-te-hpw Kpcp-X-c-amb
Hcp hnjbw ]dbmw. sR-temsS am{Xta AtXmm Ignbq.
Atlw dnbm-Zn Pohn-p Imew. Rm ]T\w Ignp aSn.
cmP-Ip-Spw-_-ns] Nne-cp-ambn At-l-n\v \ _-am-bncpp. As ss^k cmPm-hns Hcp ktlm-Z-c JmenZv
At-l-ns \ kplr-m-bn-cpp. A_vZp Akokv cmPmhn\v \mep `mcy-am-cn-embn 28 a-fp-m-bn-cpp FmWv Adnhv.
ss^k cmPm-hn\p tijw A[n-Im-c-n h JmenZv cmPm-h
CXv. Cu JmenZv `c-W-X-e--fn {]Xy--s-Sm Hcp \ ]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp. AXp-sIm-p-Xs ]WvUn-X-m-cm-bn-cpp Ct-lns kplr-Zvh-ebw. As\ A_vZpd-Du^v auehn JmenZv
cmP-Ip-am-cs aPven-kn Hcp kPoh AwK-ambn.
Am-ev `c-W-IqSw \mn sSen-hn-j km-{Xn-I-am-m
Xocp-am-\np. AXn-\p \S-]-Sn-I XIr-Xn-bmbn \S-p-I-bmWv.
Pn-bn sSen-hn-j tI{w Db-cp-I-bm-bn-cpp. sSen-hn-j cmPyv ]c-p--Xn\v- JmenZv cmP-Ip-am-c FXn-cm-bn-cpp. ]n-I-fn-
Atlw AtX- p- d nv {]kw- K - \Sn. Xs ]nXmhpw
kpDuZn Atd-_y-bnse cmP-Ip-Spw-_-ns Xe-h-\p-amb A_vZp
Ako-kp_v\p kpDuZv \mn kn\n-am-im-e-I \ntcm-[n-n-cpp.
]mmXy kn\n-a-I {]N-cn-n-p Ip-IrXy {]Zi-\-fpw
ssewKn-Im-`m-k-fpw Ckvem-anI kaq-ls Bt-]n-p ]eXcw IY-Ifpw t{]-Is\ hnhn[ am\-knI hn{`m-n-Ipw
sshIr-X-pw ASn-s-Sp-p--Xmb hm-I \nXykw`-h-fm-Wtm. temIv Ip{]-knn t\Snb Ifhpw sImbpw Ih-Ifpw \S-m a\pjy a\-n\v {]tNm-Z\w \Ip-Ibpw AXn-m-

235

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

h-iy-amb B[p-\nI X{- P\-sf ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw sNp-Xn kn\n-a-I hln-p ]v hfsc hep-XmWv. AXp-t]mse
Bkq-{Xn-X-amb sIme-]m-X-I, Nmc{]h-\-, ssewKnI
hnIm-c- Agn-m-Sm DX-Ip tNjvS-I- Fn-XymZn a\p-jyXz-c-ln-Xhpw kwkvIm-c-iq-\y-hp-amb Htsd Imcy- bphlrZ-b-fnepw _mea\-p-I-fnepw Ipn--b-p--Xn henb ]mWv
kn\na hln-p--sXv Fm-hp-a-dnbmw. aZy-s-p-dnv JpB ]d-Xv AXn \nv Nne KpW--fpv, ]s, tZmjw KpW-t-m hfsc hep-XmWv FmWv. kZm-Nmc\njvT
t\Sn-b-h Cu bmYmyw Dsmp. Ah- aZyw Dt]-np.
]q \ntcm-[\w {]Jym-]n-p--Xn\p apv Xs aZyw Dt]-n-h Atd-_y-bn Dm-bn-cpp. CXp-X-s-bmWv kn\n-a-bp-sSbpw
Ah. Iymad ]Ip at\m-lm-cn-Xbpw Ncn{X hkvXp-X-Ifpw
a\pjy Pohn-X-ns kmaq-lnI sshhn-[y-fpw AXn Dm-Imdp-sv kn\na I-h-cn \npw Rm Adn-n-pv. Pohn-Xn Hcn-epw Rm CXv In-n. ]s, Zriy-am-[yaw F
\nev kn\na ]nplrZ-b--fn tZmj-h-i-amWv IpSn-bn-cp-pXv F Imcyw a\x-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn \ntj-[n-m-\m-hp--X. Cu
hI hnj-b--sf-p-dnv ZoL-Zr-jvSn-tbmsS a\-n-em-m Ignbp \smcp ]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp A_vZp Akokv cmPmhv.
Ime--fpsS then-tb--n hnip ld-ap-I-fpsS ]cn-k-c--fn
t]mepw Ib-dn-q-Snb inp-]-c-amb apgp-h Nn--sfbpw sInsm-nb J_-dp-I-tfbpw Atlw Dq-e\w sNbvXv Atd-_ysb
ipo-I-cn-Xv At-l-n-s- ]mWvUn-Xy-nsbpw- B--h-nt-bpw \n-iv-N-b-Zm-Vy-nt-bpw- sXfn-hm-bn-cpp. Fm Jpdm-^mp-Ipw A\p-Iqew \np-Ibpw au\m-\p-hmZw \Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp ]WvUn-X-m-cn \np-Xs Xs \S-]-Sn-Iv
A\p-Iq-e-hn[n km-Zn-p--Xn Atlw hnP-bn-Xpw Xs
]mWvUn-Xy-ns ]n_-e-n-em-bn-cpp.
JmenZv cmP-Ip-am-c sSen-hn-j hym]-I-am-p \S-]-Sn-IsXn-cn \ne-sIm-m Hcp-n-bXpw Xs ]nXm-hn-s\-tmse Atl-n-\p-mb ]mWvUn-Xy-ns `mK-am-bn-cpp. CXp-aqew Hmtcm
hoSpw Hmtcm InS--dbpw Hmtcmtcm kn\n-am-im-e-I-fmbn amdp-I-bmWv
^e-n kw`-hn-p--sXv Atlw {]kw-Knp. P\--fpsS
A\n-b-{n-I-amb [mn-I-Nyp-Xnv {ItaW CXv Imc-W-ambn `hn-

236

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-sav JmenZv I-dnp. As\ Cu t_m[-h-XvI-c-W-n

Atlw kPo-h-ambn. Khsan \npw Ghpw sa-s PohnX kuI-cy-fpw B\p-Iq-ey-fpw P\-v thp-thmfw e`npp. Hcp Ipn P\n-p-ho-gp Znhkw apX Ahs hfbv-pw
NnIn-pw hnZym-`ym-k-n\pw Bh-iy-am-b-sXms km
\Ipp. hr-m, AK-Xn-I, hnI-emw-K,- A-\m-Y-I- XpSn
Ahi hn`m-K-v am\y-ambn Ign-bm X s]j A\p-h-Znpp. \ hoSp-I \nn-m ZoL-Im-em-Sn-m-\-n-ep
hmbv] \Ipp. hmbv] Fp t] am{Xw. AXv Xncnv sImSp-en. Xncn-p-]n-Sn-m Ii\ \S-]-Sn-I-fp-an. hym]m-c-v
thn-bp klm-bhpw Dv. Hcp ss]k t]mepw P\- \nIp-Xnbmbn sImSp-t--Xn. Cs\ At\-I-a-t\Iw KpW- `c-WIqSw \Ipp.
{]h--\- kzm-X-{-a-mWv \psS cmPy-ns alXzw t_m-[ys-Sp-Xv. Cu alXzw I-dn-p-sIm-mWv Rm ]T-\-tijw
\mn-tev tNt-dn-bXv.- Hcp {]t_m-[-\-I-s\ \ne-bn e`n-mhp Fmw kuI-cy-fpw ChnsS Rm Ip. A\p-`-hn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.- 1975 {]Jym-]n--s CncmKmn-bpsS ASn-b--cmhvk-Y-bpsS \mfp-I-fn Hcp-]mSv ]ucm-h-Imi taJ-e-Isf N-en-n-cpp. km-cn-s\-Xn-cn {]kvXm-h-\-I t]mepw \ntcm-[n-ncpp. ]{X-sf skkjnv F Idp XpWn-sImv aqSn-bncpp. Am-ev t]mepw aX-kzm-X-{y-ns alna A\p-`-hn--h\mWv Rm. aX-{]-Nm-c-W-n\v Hcp XS-hpw Av Rm A\p-`hn-n. Pam-As Ckvem-an-sb-tm-ep Nne kwL-S-\-Iv
\ntcm-[-\-ap-m-bn-cp-p-sh-Xv hmkvXhw Xs. AXns aqe
Imc-W- aX-kzm-X-{ys l\n--em-bn-cp-n. AXv ]noSv
hni-Zo-I-cnmw. cp ss]k-bpsS t]m mn hnim-e-amb
Cym alm-cm-Py-ns GXv tImWn-tepw Fs "kk-_o'
amknI Ab-m Apw F\nv Ign-bp-am-bn-cpp. sImn-bn-en-cpp-sImv cp ss]k sNe-hn Uln-bnepw I--bnepw
t_mws_-bn-ep-ap Fs hmb-\-m-cp-ambn Rm kwkm-cn-pIbpw kwh-Zn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. Cu kuIcyw temIv FhnsSbpw Inp-sav F\nv tXmp-n. Fm hnNn-{X-sav ]dbs, \n`m-Ky-I-c-sav Icp-Xs, Ckvem-anI cmjv{S-am-sWv ]d-bs-Sp ]-e- K-^v- \m-Sp-I-fn-ep-w- kzX-{-amb Ckvem-anI {]t_m-[-

237

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\hpw kwhm-Z-fpw km[y-a. Apw Cpw nXn AXp-Xs.

AhnsS t]mb-hpw tPmen sNbvXp Ign-bp--hpw Rm\o ]dbp-Xv thKw a\-n-emIpw. A\p-`-h-am-Wtm a\p-jys Ghpw
\ hnm\w. G--hpw- h-en-b- A-[y-]-I-\pw- A-\p-`-h-a-s{X-!- AXpsImp Xs-bmWv sshw apl-Zv _jo kmlnXy aWvU-ense Xp-cm-\mbn Ah-tcm-[n--s-Xv FmWv `mjyw.
Fm \psS \mn kzmX{yw F al-mb BZiw
hf-sc-b-[nIw Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s-Sp--s-Spp. temIv henb P\-in-bp- cmjv{S-amb Cy ]p\ \nmW {]{In-b-bnepw hnI-k\-ns ]mX-bnepw ]Xn-m-p-I ]nd-In-em-bXv kzmX-{y-ns
A\n-b-{n-X-amb Zp-cp-]-tbm-K-n-s-- tZmj-^-e-ambm-Wv.
\psS kzmX-{y-ns i{Xp- cmjv{Sob t\Xm-fpw AhcpsS inn-Sn-I-fp-amWv. amdn-amdn hcp cmjv{Sob `cW hK-ns A\l-amb Xm]cy kwc--I-cmbn \np-sIm-Spp sImv
DtZym-K--hr-hpw ]msS Zpjnp. Agn-a-Xnbpw ssIq-enbpw {]XnImc \S-]-Sn-Ifpw km[m-cW kw`-h--fmbn. \-bp a\p-jyv
Ah Cn-p amK-n-eqsS Nen-m Ign-bm nXn hfp-h-cpp. ssIq-env kw`m-h\ FmWv Ctm t]cv. Kmn
sXmn [cn--hcpw JZ[m-cn-Ifpw sXmgn-em-fn-hK kwc--Icpw
Aan-X-amb [qn-sbpw BVw-_-c--fp-sSbpw Ghpw henb
hm--fm-bn--gnp. Aan-X-amb kzmX-{y-ns A\--amb
tZmj-^-e- \ntXy-\-sb-tm-W-w P\-sf th-bm-Sp-I-bmWv.
F{X- Db Ip-hm-fn-Ipw Ducn-m-Sm ]gp-Xp-I-fp \oXn-]oT-fpsS \nb-a-hym-Jym\w Fm-Xcw ZpjvS{]Ir-Xpw XW-embn
`hn-n-cn-pp. ]nSn-In-msX HmSn-b-I-ep Cu kzmX-{y-n\v \nb{Ww hcp-n-bn-s-n `oI-chpw `bm-\-I-hp-amb Hcp XIsb
\mw t\cn-Sp-I -Xs thn-h-cpw-. hmp-Iv i_vZ-an. \ncm-{i-bcmb P\-v a\-p-cpIn {]mn-pI am{Xta \nhr-n-bpq.
C-s\-sbm-s-bm-sW-nepw Cu kzmX-{y-ns Igv kXy-hnizm-kn-I a\-n-em-Ww. dkq\v \mw Ctm A\p-`-hn-p
kzmX-{y-ns A]Xv iX-am\w As apivcn-p-I A\ph-Zn-p-sIm-Sp-n-cn-p-p-sh-n \_npw kzlm-_n-Ipw
lnPvd thn hcp-am-bn-cp-n. Cu bmYmy-s-p-dnv Ghpw
t_m[-hm-m-cm-bn-cn-t-Xv Ckvem-ans A\p-bm-bn-I-fmWv. ]s,
Ahn-sSbpw sshI-ey-amWv ImWp-Xv.

238

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]d-p-Xp-S-nb hnj-b-n \npw Iptd Atmpw Ctmpw amdn. Fs Hm-Ifpw A\p-`-h-fpw Hcp ]mT-]p-kvX-I-nse
JWvUn-I-I t]m-se- t{ImUo-I-cn-pI- km[y-a. Nne A\p-`-h-sf B\p-Im-enI {]iv\--fp-ambn _n-n-t-n-hcpw. Btcm-Ky-I-camb Hcp N-bmWv CXp-aqew Rm Dt-in-p-Xv. ioe-an-m
B-IYm IY\w hmb-\-msc ckn-n-ptam? AtXm apjn-nptam? Am-lp-hn--dnbmw.
JmenZv cmP-Ip-am-c-\n-tev Rm aS-s. Ct-l-ns \o `c-W-Iq-S-n\v henb Xe-th-Z-\-bm-bn-op. IpSpw_ _p-n shv At-ls \nb-{n-mt\m ]nn-cn-n-mt\m
Ign-bm--hw Imcy- hfp. As\ Hcp Znhkw Nne ]mf
DtZym-K- At-l-ns hk-Xn-bn-sen. anb shfn--n
AhnsS Hcp kZv. ]e hnj-b--sf-p-dnpw ]Xn-hp-t]mse Ah
N-bn Gs-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. cmPmhv ktlm-Z-cs\ ASn-b-n-cambn ImWm B{K-ln-pp Fv DtZym-K- Adn-bnp. ]noSv
hp-I-p-sIm-m-sav Atlw adp-]Sn \In-sb-nepw DtZym-K Iqm-n-bn. sImm-c-ns A[n-] Xs ktlm-Z-c-\mWv.
At-ls k-in-m DtZym-K--cpsS Bm-\p-hn-bmtI Imcyw X\n-n F \ne-]m-Sn-embn.
cwKw NqSm-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp. DtZym-K--m Jmen-Zns\ _e-ambn
sImp-t]m-Im Hcp-n-b-tm Ioi-bn \nv dnthmh Atlw s]sv ]pd-s-Spp. ]s, AXv {]tbm-Kn-m ]m-f-m
Ah-kcw \Ip-I-bn. Ahp ]cn-io-e\w AXm-Wtm. `oIchpw `bm-\-I-hp-amb Cu Ah apn I-p-sImv Fs kplrv A_vZpd-Du^v asse-_mcn ""emX-^v-A, AXznAv''- (sNcpXv. Ahv hg-pI) Fv Iqp-Im-c-t\mSv hnfn-p-]-dp. As\ Atlw ]mf DtZym-K--cpsS IqsS t]mbn. B kZ-n
Dm-bn-cp apgp-h t]scbpw Ah AtXm-sSmw XS-hn-emn.
GXmv aqp hj-v tijw A_vZpd-Du^v aue-hn-sbp-dnv t\cnb kqN\ e`np. Ctm-gs kpDu-Zn-bnse aX-{]t_m-[\ hIp-ns Xe-h\pw (Zmdp C^vXmAv) {Km v ap^vXn-bpamb ssi-Jv A_vZp Akokv_v\p A-p-m--ln-_v-\p- _mkv
AhImWv Cu hnhcw e`n-Xv. Av Cu ]d-bp DX ]Zhn-bn-s-nepw cmP-k-Z-n {]tXyIw ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp Hcp nXn C_v\p-_m-kn-\p-m-bn-cpp. A_vZpd-Du^v asse-_m-cnsb

239

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

C_v\p-_mkv Gsd CjvS-s-Sp-Ibpw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw sNbvXncpp. As\ Atlw ss^k cmPm-hns\ apJw -Im-Wn-m
A\p-hmZw hmn. A_vZpd-Du-^ns\ hnNm-cW sNbvXv ta \S]Sn kzoI-cn-Ww Fv am{Xw A`ynp.
B A`yY\ ]cn-K-Wn--sp. asse-_m-cnsb tImS-Xn-bn
hnNm-c-W-mbn lmP-cmn. kw`-h-Zn-h-ks Imcy- Atlw
kXy-k--ambn tImS-Xn-bn t_m[n-np. ""emX-^v-A AXznAv"
Fv Xm hnfn-p-]-d-Xpw AXv JmenZv cmP-Ip-am-c ]cn-K-Wn-Xpw Iq-n tNp-]-dp. Xm `c-W-Iq-S-n\v FXn-cm-sW [mcW AI-p--Xn\v thn-bmWv Cu hnhcw {]tXyIw FSpv ]dXv. Atm B samgn-bpsS kXym-h At\z-jW
hnt[-b-amn. kw`-h-Zn-hkw AhnsS sNn-cp DtZym-K--msc
hnNm-cW sNbvXp. B kZ-n \npw As\ Btcm hnfn-p-]-dXv R tIn-pv. AtXm-sS-bmWv JmenZv Rv hg-nbXv, ]s, AXm-cm-sWv anb shfn--n Xncn--dn-bm Rv Ign-n-n Fv Ah samgn \In. cp Iq-cp-tSbpw
samgn-I kmay-ambn h kml-N-cy-ns _e-n tImSXn
Fs Bkplr-ns\ tamNn-X-\m-m cmPm-hn-t\mSv ip]mi
sNbvXp. Atlw HuZm-cy-]qw tamNn-X-\mbn. AXy-p-X-I-c-amb
Cu tamN\w A_vZp-d-Du^v asse-_m-cn-bpsS Apw \ne-hmchpw hn-m CS-bmbn. dnbm-Znse ]e D-X-mcpw At-l-hpambn kplr-Zv_w m]n-p-Ibpw At-l-n\v BXnYyw \Ip-Ibpw ]Xn-hmbn. Cu ]cn-K-W-\-Ifpw _-fpw aue-hnv HcpXcw hop-ap--em-bn-op. dnbm-Zn \np amw A\n-hm-cyambn At-l-n\v tXmn. As\ Xmakw a-bn-tev amn.
ld-an A\p-h-Zn-p- In-nb Hcp apdn-bn Xma-knp. lmPn-ampw
ap ki- I pw Ign- b m- h p tkh- \ - \In Pohnp.
akvPn-Zp ld-an \S-p-h-n-cp tImtf-Pns tat\m--m-c-\mbn Atlw \nb-an--sp. kpDuZn Khsan \npw kmam\yw sa-s i-fhpw. akvPn-Zp ld-ans A{Ku-n
Xs-bm-W-tlw Xma-kn-n-cp-Xv. {]kn--amb "Au-loZv'{K-ns {]kn-o-I-cWw ]e-hw At-l-ns sNe-hn \Sp. kuP-\y-hn-X-c-W-am-bn-cpp. AXns Npa-X-e-I Fs-bmWv
Atlw G]n-Xv. Fs Ad_n ae-bmf Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bpsS
Ap PpkvDw At-l-ns kzw sNe-hn A-Snp.

240

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fs hnImc hnNm-c--fn A_vZp--d-Du^v auehn IS-p-hcm Zn\- Dm-bn-ptm Fv kwi-b-amWv. AXn\p klm-bsa-tmWw A-t-l-n-s Cfb ktlm-Z-c\pw kuay-io-e-\p-amb
sI.kn. apl-Zp-n- am Fs Abhm-kn-bmbpw \nXyImgvNm-c-\mbpw Fs apn Dv. alm-\mb Fs B kplr-ns\ Ay-L--nepw Hcp t\mv ImWm F\nv `mKy-ap-m-bn.
B ZpxJw Fs Hm-I \in-p-tSw hsc Fs ]np-Scpw.
i{Xp- hnip ld-ans\ c-]-n-e-am-nb Hcp amkw Xzhm^pw
Ppap-Abpw \a-kvIm-chpw apSn. B {Iqc Iem-]-n Am-Xamb shSn-bp--I-tfv ]nS-p-hoWv Cl-tem-I-Po-hnXw shSn
Fs A_vZpd-Du^v aue-hn-bpsS Bmhv al-p--fmb ckm-n-I-fpsS Bm-Z-I-c-amb Iqp-sI-n _k-Jn-bmb temIv hkn-p-p-m-Ip-sav Fs lrZ-bm--cm-f- a{n-pp.
]c-tem-Iv a\p-jy lmP-cm--s-Sp Znhkw ipl-Zm-v
\I-s-Sp D-X-amb m\w At-l-n\pw Ic--am-p-hm
`mKyw e`n-p-am-dm-Is. Bao. F\nv AhnsS shv Fs A_vZpd-Du-^ns\ ImWWw. kw ]pem Ign-bWw. ktmjn-Ww. Fs Bm-hns Zml-am-WnXv. Am-lpth, \o F\nv HuZmcyw sNt-Wta! F\nv s]mdpv Xtc-Wta, Fs {]nbs Iqp-Im-cs Nmcv kzK-n CSw \tI-Wta. Fs
Iqp-Im-cs IY Ap-X-I-c-amWv. bph-Xz-n A_vZpd-Du^v
\mSp-hn tijw Hcn-epw aSn \mn-tev hn. ]ecpw At]np. \n_-np. Fp-sImtm \S-n. hnhmlw sNbvXn.
ImcWw Am-X-amWv. aW--e-bn-ep Xs Nn-\mv hoSv
Hme-ta--Xm-bn-cpp. Dbpw ktlm-Z-c-fpw Xma-kn-p hoSv.
hjw-tXmdpw hoSp-ta-bm-\p ]Ww {]tXy-I-ambn Fs G]np-am-bn-cpp. Hcn- Rm ]dp: \n Ap hj-tv
hoSv tabm-\p kwJy Ign-bp-sa-n Fs G]n-pI. hoSv HmSv
tabmw. k-Xnp. kwJy Fs G]np. \n Xs AXv
AhnsS \np-sImv ]qo-I-cn-Ww Fpw \nt-inp. As\ Rm \mn hp. At-l-ns ktlm-Zco `mhpw \mn Hcp Imcy-{]m-]vX-\mbn Adn-b-s-Sp--h-\p-amb ssiJv lk-
sshZy-scbpw klm-b-n\p Iqn. th kma-{Kn-I FSp-np.
]v Znhkw AhnsS Xma-knv Imcyw ]qn-bmn. Rm\n-s-nepw AXv \Spw. lk- sshZy AXn\v {]m]vX-\mWv. F\nv

241

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Cu hnj-b-n bmsXmcp hnh-c-hp-an--Xm\pw. ]s, Fs kplr-ns B{Klw Rm am\np. As\ aue-hn-bpsS IpSpw_w
Fsbpw IpSpw-_-ambn. _- Ctmgpw kvt\l-]q-hw- XpScpp. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

37
B{^n- dmo_v
ssi-Jv A_vZp-d-lvam A^vcoJn. B{^n--m-cs\ A^vcoJn
FmWv Ad-_n-I ]d-bmdv. Ipn-b-p--d-C--bn Aym-]-I\m-bn-cpp. A_vZpd-Du^v aue-hn-bp-sSbpw DkvXm-ZmWv. At-lns tat\m--n aZo-\-bn \S-p-h-n-cp Zmdp lZo-kn-
F\npw kA-Zp-o aue-hnpw Atlw Hcp dqw A\p-h-Znp
Xn-cpp. Cu Zmdp lZo-kns m]-I Zln kztZ-in-bmb
ssiJv AlvaZv Zlvehn F alm]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp. AXn-\m
Zmdp lZo-kn Am-ev Cy-mv Hcp ]cn-K-W\ \Inbn-cpp. Ctm B m]\w PmanA Ckvem-an (aZo\ bqWn-thgvknn)bpsS Iogn-emn hn]p-eo-I-cnp \S-n-tm-cpp.
A_vZp-d-lvam A^vco-Jnsb kvacn-p-tm Hcp {]tXyI hnjbw a\-n \odn-\odn hcpp. B{^n--bnse A-t-l-n-s \mSv
AXn-`b
-
- c
- a
- mb Jpdm-^m-ns tI{-am-bn-cp-p-hs{X! AhnsS Pohnm- Hcp \nepw Ign-bm hnj-a-m IpSpw-_-tm-sSm-w kpDu-Zn-bn-tev lnPvd sNp-Ib
- m-bn-cpp. Xs \mn \S-p-hc
- p- Hcp dmo-_ns IY Atlw Hcn- hni-Zo-Ic
- np. a\pw icochpw
Hcp-t]mse shp-cp-Ip {]Xo-Xn-bmWv AXv tI-tm DmbXv.
{]tXyIw k-am-nb Hcn-Sv Xpey F-n kv{Xo ]pcp-jm kt-fnpw. CXn ]c-kv]cw _p--fm-b-hcpw Nne-tm
ktlm-Zco ktlm-Z-c-mcpw DmIpw. dmo_v Bcw-`npw. AXv
HmXn-tbmXn Hcp Xcw `n {]a--X-bn Fpw. kZv kzbw adv BSn-bp-e-bp-tm hnf--Wpw. Ccp-n Cu kv{Xo ]pcp-jm ssewKnI tIfn-I-fn hym]r-X-cmIpw. CXv tIv sRn hnd-m-hcpw eb-n \np-Xn ZpxJ-`m-c-m I-o s]mgn-m-hcpw hnizm-kn-In-S-bn Dm-Iptam? am apivcn-p-I

242

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t]mepw tXmtm-Sp, temIw Adn--Xn-te-hpw tIfn-tI ssewKnI Acm-P-I-Xz-n\v IncoSw NqSnb Ip{]-kn--\mb Imam- "`Khm' cP-\o-jns B{i-as cmw m\-tv Xn amp
Hcp Bcm-[\m NSv!! a\p-jy-tem-I-n\v kZm-Nm-c-ns DpwK-t{i-Wn ImWnpw {]tbm-K-h-XvI-cnpw A\p-I-c-Wo-b-am-nb Ckvem-anI Zi-\-ns Nn-sa \ne-bn-emWv Cu dmo_v hy`nNmcw Acp XIp-Xv. tlm! AXn-t\-m `oI-c-am-Wtm
A\--c-^ew! Cu Ima-tI-fn-I-fn K`n-Wn-I-fm-Ip kv{XoI
{]k-hn-p- a-fm-Ws{X B hK-nse kn-Zp-am!! Cu `oI-cIr-Xy-n\v Ckvem-ans Omb \Im B{^n--bnepw henb
Xe-mhpw XmSn-bp-ap apkvenbm--m-cpv. Am-lp-hn icWw!
APvao GhmSn _oam-]n XpS-nb ZK-I-fnse... ime-I
Cu IY tI-tm Bm-dw \ Bbn Xcw-Xm-Wp-t]mbn. Am-lphn icWw!
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

38
ssiJv A_vZp Akokv_v\p
A_vZp-m-ln_v\p _mkv
temI {]ikvX ]WvUn-X.- kpDuZn Atd-_y-bpsS aX-{]-t_m[\ hIp-ns Xe-h.- {Km v ap^vXn.- cmP-sIm-m-c-n _lp-am\-]qw ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp alZv hynXzw. ktm-]cn a\p-jykvt\ln. At-ls hmgvn-bm F\nv ]qXn Xo-cp-I-bn. A{X
henb m\nbpw kz`mht{ijvT\pw hn\-bm-\zn-X-\p-amb alm
]pcp-j-\m-bn-cpp C_v\p-_mkv . 1999 sabv amk-n Atlw
Cu temI-tmSv hnS-]-dp.
1955emWv Rm BZy-ambn ln-\p-t]m-bXv. tijw D]-cn-]-T-\mw AhnsS IqSn. Cu hnh-c- apv hni-Zo-I-cn-n-pv. Fs
BZy lv thf-bn Xs av shv A_vZpd-Du^v auehn
aptJ\ Rm ssiJns\ ]cn-N-b-sp. Rm AhnsS sNp-tm
ssiJv C_v\p-_mkv dnbmZv Ipn-bp id-C--bnse Aym-]-I-\mbn-cpp. dnbm-Znse Ghpw henb ]n-bnse Camapw Ct-lw X-

243

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s. AhnsS \S-p HutZym-KnI Zkns \mb-I-\p-amWv. RfpsS _-n\p \mep ]Xn-m-p-I-fn-tesd ]g--apv. Rm abn BZy-ambn Fnb Imew. lns ASp-smcp Znhkw ldan aKvcn_v \a-kvIm-cm-\-cw ]e `mK--fn-embn ]ecpw mkv
\S-p--Xmbn- Ip. AhnsS A]w Xn. ]T-\ml-am-bn-cpp
B {]kwKw. a\-kn Xd-p D]-tZ-i-. CimAv _mv Db-tm {]`m-jWw \nn. hfsc KpWhpw cpNn-bp-ap Hcp ]m\o-bw IpSnv Bkz-Zn-p-tm s]sv ]m{Xw Hgn--Xp-t]m-sebp \ncm-i-bp-mbn. At-ls ]cn-N-b-s-S-W-sa tamlw.
ki-I-cpsS Xnc-sm-gn Xw t\mn ASpv sNv kemw
]dp. kemw aS-n-bnv Bcm-WnXv? ]cn-N-b-an-m i_vZ-am-Wtm Fv ]dp ]cn-N-b-sp. Fs kwkm-c-nse A-c-kv^p-S-Xbpw Ad_n hymI-cW \nb-a--tfm-Sv- tbmPn-p kwkm-chpw
At-l-n\v hfsc CjvS-am-sbv ]dp. F\npw kA-Zp-o
aue-hnpw sSpw Chyq Hp-an-msX tImtf-Pn {]th-i\w
e`n-m-\n-S-bm-bXv C_v\p-_m-kns ip]mi-bpsS _e-n-em-bncpp Fv A_vZpd-Du^v aue-hn-bn \npw ]noSv Adnp.
13mw hb-n akqcn tcmKw _m[nv Ip-I cpw \jvS-s-Xm-bn-cpp. ]s Ip--Xn-t\-m Ignhpw inbpw Amlp
C_v\p-_m-kns a\-n\p \In. Hcp A\p-`hw ]dbmw. At-ls ]cn-Nb
- s
- -Sp-Ibpw kwkm-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXt- ijw tImtf-Pn-
AUvan-j-\mbn. Rm BZys sht-j-\n \mn hp. CXn\n-S-bn Hcn-IqSn At-ls Ip FmWv Hm. {lkz-amb
ImW. \mn hp amk-v tijw Rm Pn-bn Xncnsn. a-bn hp. Xzhm^v Ignp. Atm ld-ans Hcp
`mKv C_v\p-_m-kns mkv \S-pp. ktm-j-ambn. AXn
kw_-np. mkv Ign--tm Bfp-I kemw ]dpw kvt\lw ]npw At-l-ns Nppw IqSn-bn-cn-p-I-bmWv. Atm--Spm Hcp ]gp-Xp-an. Rm Zqsc \nv Dds kemw ]dp. B
kvt\l-h-e-b-ns i_vZ--q--n \npw Atlw Dds F\nv kemw aS-p-Ibpw ""Alve bm ssiJv Da'' Fv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv lkvX-Zm-\-n-\mbn ssI\on. Atm BfpI Hgn-p-Xp. Rm aptm--Spv sN-v- ssI]n-Snp. ApXw- sImpw B\w- sImpw Rm Ipg-p-t]mbn. CXm-bn-cpp

244

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

C_v\p-_m-kn\v Amlp I\np \Inb {Kmly-in. ^XvhImbn hyn-Ifpw kwL-S-\-Ifpw {]tXy-Inv sImm-c-n
\npw At-ls kao-]npw. Jp-B\pw lZokpw sXfn-hmbn
tcJ-s-Sp-nbpw _rl-mb X^vko {K--fn \npw apw
hni-Zo-I-c-W- D-cnv t]Pv \ hsc ]d-p-sIm-Spv sk{I-dn-am-sc-smv adp-]-Sn-I Xm-dmpw. cv In\pw ImgvN-bp-h Xs Ccw L--fn InXm-_p-I amdn-amdn d^ sNbvXp
Ipdn-s-Sp tijta ^Xvh Xm-dm-p-I-bpq. As\ sNmt\
Bpw Ignbq. ]s, alm-\-hI-fpsS a\-ns Im-Sn-bn
Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cnv CsXmw Atm-g-tm hp-sIm-n-cnpw.
Iyq--dn _ Aan Imn-cn-p--Xn-t\-m thK-n
Fv ]d-m AXn Hc-Xn-i-tbm-n-bp-an. C_v\p-_m-kns
^Xvh-I Atd-_y `c-W-Iq-S-n am{X-a temI-sa-m-Sp-ap
]WvUn-X-k-Z-p-I-fnepw {]tXyIw ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp--h-bmWv.
ssiJn\v AX _m[n _mey-Imew. Av kpDu-Zn-bn
{Km v ap^vXn ssi-Jv apl--Zp_v\p C{_mlow Bep-ssiJv
F alm]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp. C_v\p-_mkv Hcn- At-ls
kinv Xs At-l-ns Hcp hnZymn-bmbn kzoI-cn--Wsav At]-np. Jp-B a\x-]m-T-am-n-bn-ptm Fv ssi-JvBep-ssiJv tNmZnp. C. Fn AXv ]qn-bmn hc-nI Fv
]dp aSn Abp. aqv amkw sImv Jp-B apgp-h\pw
A-\mb B _me a\x-]m-T-amn ssiJns ASp- Xncnsn. ssi-Jns Hma-\-in-jy-\mbn. ]co-bpw kn-^n--p-anm- ]T\w. Jp-B a\x-]m-T-am-n-b-Xns _-m-bn-cnmw.
Hcn- Hcp hnjbw tIm AXv a\-n ]Xnbpw. ]noSv C
InXm-_n C t]Pn C-Xp-t]m-se-bpv Fp IrXy-ambn ]dbm \njv{]-bmkw km[n-p \ne-bn-tev At-l-ns ]T\hpw m\hpw Db-cp-I-bm-bn-cpp! Am-lp-hns Hcp hnti-jm A\p-{Klw! ssiJv Ghpw henb ]WvUn-X-\mbn temIv AwKo-I-cn--sp. ]Z-hn-I At-ls tXSn-sb-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. HSphn Xs Kpcp-\m-Y Ccp hnin-jvS-amb Itk-c-bn At-lw
Fn-tp. kpDu-Zn-bnse {Km v ap^vXn! Zmdp C^vXm-C-s
sNbam!- temIv At\Iw cmjv{S--fn-tev {]t_m-[-Isc kpDuZn km-cns i-f-n \nb-an-bn--m-dpv. Cu \nb-a-\--

245

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sfmw C_v\p-_m-kns Ism-n-emWv \S-m-p-Xv. F\n-pw

Cu Ah-kcw e`n-n-pv. tIc-f-n {]t_m-[-I-\mbn Ipsd
hj- Rm \nb-an--sp. Fgp-]Xp hb-mWv AXns Imemh[n. AXp-hsc Rm B m\v XpSp. hjw-tXmdpw lv
thf-bn F\nv Snv Ab-p-Inpw. AhnsS sNv ae-bm-fn-Ifmb lmPn-amv D]-tZiw \Im\pw tkh\w sNm-\p-am-WnXv.
Cu \nb-a\w aptJ\ nc-ambn e`n-p-t]m {]Xn-^-e-amWv Fs
{]h-\-pw Pohn-Xm-h-iy-pw XpW-bm-bn-cp-Xv. Zmcn{Zyw Fs IpSpw-_-n \nv ]q-ambn hnsm-gn-bm\pw CXv
klm-b-I-ambn. Am-lp-hns A\p-{Klw. C_v\p-_m-kns kvt\l-]q-amb HuZmcyw.
Fp-sIm-s--dn-bn,- Fs Atlw hmsX kvt\ln-n-cpp. tIc-f-n \npw At-ls Bcv kin-mepw Ah-tcmSv
ssi-Jv Da AlvaZv asse-_m-cnsb Adn-bptam Fp tNm-Znpw.
Rm\p-ambn \ ASp--ap-h AXn-s\m adp-]Sn ]dbpw. Ahsc Atlw {]tXyIw ]cn-K-Wnpw. Nnesc k-cnpw. F\nv
kemw ]d-bm Ah-tcmSv hkzn-v sNpw. \mn-ep--tmCcw A\p-`-h- Htsd Dm-bn-pv. Ftm-Sp At-lns at\m-`mhw I-dn--hcpw tI-dn--h-cp-ambn ke^o
kplr-p-fpw m]-\--fpsS `mc-hm-ln-Ifpw kpDu-Zn-bn-tev
hnhn-[--fmb Zo\o Bh-iy-v klmbw tXSn bm{X-bm-Iptm Fs kao-]n-pI ]Xn-hmWv. C_v\p-_m-kn\v Hcp Iv
thWw. Nnev ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-bm aXn. Nnev ip]m--i sNp Im-bn-cn-Ww. D-a-t_m-[y-ap--hv Rm Iv \Ipw. Cs\ ssiJv AhIv Rm \Inb F-a Ip-Ifn Hpw ]cn-K-Wn--s-SmsX t]mbXv Hp-an-s-mWv Fs
Adnhv. t]mb-h aSn Fn-bm Fs ImWm hcpw. Gsd
ktm-j-tm-sS-bmWv Ah X-fpsS A\p-`-h- hnh-cn-pI.
At-ls kao-]n-p hnj-b-ns {]m[m\yw t_m[y-s-m
Ahn-sS -\n-p klm-b-n\p ]pdsa At-l-ns Hcp s]mXphmb ip]mi-p Hn-p-sIm-Sppw. kpDu-Zn-bnse GXv DX
tI{--fnepw Ipt_-c-mn-S-bnepw B ip]mi am\y-ambn ]cn-KWn--sSpw. Fm \m]-n-Ap hjs \o- kulr-Zn-\n-S-bn hyn-]-c-amb Hcp klm-bhpw Rm At-l-n

246

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\npw Bh-iy-s-n-n. Ip aptJ-\bpw t\cn I-tmgpw AXv

Rm Imp-kq-np. ]s, Atlw Fs {]h---\-
At\z-jn--dnbpw. CSv Fs klm-bnpw. Nne-tm ]Ww
t\cnv Ab-p-Xcpw. Nne-tm hniz-kvX-cmb Bcp-sS-sb-n-epw
] sImSp--bpw. t\cn ImWp k`--fn In-
Xcpw. Cs\ Fs klm-bn-n-p Fm k`--fnepw Ineq-sSbpw t\cnpw aqm-a hgn-m-bmepw Hcp hmNIw Atlw Hgnhm-m-dp-m-bn-cp-n. ""CXv kzoI-cn-p-hm At]-n-pp''.alm-m-sc-sm--msX CXv Ign-bn. alm-m-cn alm-\m-bncpp ssiJv C_v\p-_mkv .ssiJv AhIv Ftm-Sp-m-bn-cp kvt\lm-[nIyw A\p-`hn--dn Hcp {]tXyI k`w \n-fp-ambn ktm-j-tmsS
Rm- ]p-sh-pp. F\nv kpDu-Zn-bn t]mIm B{K-l-ap-mb Hcp Lw. t_mws_-bn t]mbn. Hcp ]cn-Nb-m-c-\mb {Smh
GPns ] ]mkvt]mv G]np aSn. GXm\pw Znh-k Ign--tm Hcp sSe{Kmw Inn. kpDu-Zn-bnse {]ap-J-\mb
Hcp hym]m-cn-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cpp AXv. Atlw Fs Hcp ]cn-N-b-mc-\m-bn-cpp. At-l-n\v Fs ImWWw. DSs\ t_mws_ SmPval tlm-ense C kqn hs-Ww. Iq-n H.sI. sNbvX hnam\ Snpw Ab-n-pv. Rm t]mbn Ip kwkm-cnp.
kulrZw ]pXpn. Iptd Ime-ambn R Xn ImWm-dn-m-bncpp. Rm kpDu-Zn-bn sNp-tm Atlw hntZ-i-m-bncnpw. As\ Atlw t_mws_-bn-se-n-b-tm s]sv Fs Hmp. Ub-dn-bn \npw Fs hnemkw t\mn-sb-Spp
hnhcw Xp. Av F\nv t^m kuI-cy-an. As\ At-lns AXn-Yn-bmbn Hcp Znhkw tlm XmPval-en Ignp.
]ecpw Fs B-cy-tmsS t\mp-p-m-bn-cpp. Hcp CkvXncn-bn-Sm shfp jpw appw \o XmSnbpw Xe-bn Hcp \q-
sXmnbpw Hcp Hmbn XpWn-bpsS jmfpw tXmfn Xqn-bn-Sp Hcp
kn-bp-amWv Fs thjw. tImSo-iz-c-m Xma-kn-p XmPval tlm-en Cs\ Hcp- Fs\ hp?! CXmWv Cu
B-cy-ns Dp-t\m-. dm-dnepw kzoI-cW lmfnepw Rm
Fs kplr-p-ambn hnl-cn--tm-gmWv Cu A\p-`-h-ap-m-bXv.
Cu IqSn-m-gvN-bn Atlw, Rm Fp sNWw Fv

247

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ftm-Sv tNmZnp. Rm DSs\ ]dp: F\nv AXym-h-iy-ambn

Hv Atd-_y-bn t]mIWw. hnk Inm Xmakw. F\nv cp
Znh-ks hnk Inn-bm aXn. \nv Ign-bptam? Fn-sp
sNpw. Fv Atlw Nncn-p-sImv tNmZn--tm ""Ahn-sS-sbn-sb--dn-m ssi-Jv C_v\p-_mkv Fs klm-bn-p-sa-mWv {]Xo''-sbv Rm adp-]Sn ]dp. Atlw Fs AWp-]n-Snp C_v\p-_m-kn-\p-thn {]mn-p-p-m-bn-cpp. ""Rm \msfbpw IqSntb ChnsS DmIq. \n-fpsS ]mkvt]mv Xcq''
Fv ]dp. DSs\ Rm Fs GPns\ hnfnp. Atm-gmWv
Fs ]mkvt]mv Uln-bn-ep Ah-cpsS B^o-kn-em-sWv
GP v ]d-bp-Xv. Fs \ncm-i-bpsS s\Sp-hov t^mWn-eqsS tItm- GP v ]dp: auehn hnj-an-t, cmhnse km[\w
Rm \n-fpsS In Xcmw. As\ Atlw Uln-bp-ambn
_-sp. ]nt-Zn-hkw cmhnse hnam-\-n ]mkvt]mv Fn.
At-l-ns AXn-km-ayw Fs hmsX BIjn-p-Ibpw
AXns ad-hn Rm Bkq-{Xn-X-ambn hn--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX
IY thsd-bpv. A-Xv- ]no-SmImw.
]mkvt]mp-ambn Fsbpw Iqn Fs kplrv t_mws_-bnep kpDuZn tImk-te-n t]mbn. At-l-ns kzm[o\w
F\nv t_m[y-sp. Hcm-gvN-t-p hnk mv sNbvXv ]nt-v
]mkvt]mv InInn. ]ns BI-msS alm Xnc-m-bn-cpp.Pn-bn-tev Snv H.sIbm-Ww. \mn-tev hcWw. DSs\ Xncnp t_mws_-bn-se-Ww. tIc-f-n Av t\-cn-v- -hntZ-i-bm{Xm
hnam\ kuI-cy--sfm-p-an.
F-s\tbm HmSn-n-Xv Imcy- ]qn-bmn Rm Pn-bnsen. sNs- nb Znh- k hpw ]nt- Z n- h - k hpw am{Xta hnk
_mn-bpq. \on-n-n-bn-s-n ]nt-m t_mws_v aS-Ww. Rm hnam-\-an-d-nb tijw BZyw sNbvXXv C_v\p-_m-kn\v
sSeIvkv Ab-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. hnk-bpsS Imem-h[n 24 aWn-q
am{Xw Fpw ImWnp. Hcp aWn-q-dn-\Iw adp-]Sn Inn.- hnk
\nn-jvS-ap-n-S-tmfw \on--cp-hm _-s Hm^o-kn
CtXm-sSmw I-]\ Ab-n-pv Fm-bn-cpp ktiw. {]iv\w
]cn-lr-X-ambn. kuZn-bn Fhn-sSbpw bm{X sNm-\p {]tXyI
A\p-aXn]{Xhpw e`np. Rm BZyw t]mbXv ssiJns ASp--

248

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

te-m-bn-cpp. Xn Ip. At-ls ktm-jm-{ip--tfmsS

Rm Bt-jn-p. F\nv thn {]mnp. Fs lrZy-ambn
k-cnp. B kvt\lhpw B _hpw Hp {]tXy-Iw- X-s-bmbn-cpp.
asmcp kw`hw C{]-Im-c-amWv. Rm Hcn- Pn-bn-sen.
Fbt]mn \np-Xs ASn-b-nc ktiw.- ssiJn-t-XmWv.
DSs\ Xs hp ImWWw. t\sc At-l-ns ASp--tev
t]mbn.- Rm ssiJns\ apJw ImWnp. AXym-hiy Ipiew Ign-tm Innb hm `oI-chpw thZ-\m-P-\-I-hp-am-bn-cpp.
ssiJv Da AlvaZv asse-_mcn F Hcm C Znhkw C
hnam-\-n Pn-bn-se-pp,- Cbm Ckvem-ans ITn\ hntcm[nbpw kntbm-Wnv GPp-amWv,- {]tXyIw {in-t--Xm-Ipp,Cs\ Hcp ktiw cmP-k-n-[n-bn-se-n-bn-cn-pp. AXns
]Iv cmPm-hns I]\ {]Imcw ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kns
{]tXyI {ibvpw \S-]-Sn-p-ambn sImm-c-n \npw At-ln\v Ab-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. D-c-hns tImn Atlw F\nv
hmbn-m Xp. Rm kvXw`n-p-t]mbn!- AXns {]Xym-LmXw
Adn-bp--Xp-sIm-m-WXv. ssiJv Fs Biz-kn-np. CXnv
X-Xmb adp-]Sn sImm-c-n-tev Ab-n-p-spw FtmSv ]dp. kpDu-Zn-bn Fm-bn-Spw bm{X-sN-m-\p At-l-ns
{]tXyI Iv F\nv \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
C_v\p-_m-kns "lpw Dwdbpw'- F {Kw ae-bm-f-ntev `mjm-cw sNbvXv A-Snv Xs kzw sNe-hn tIc-fn kuP-\y-ambn hnX-cWw sNm Atlw B{K-lnp. Av
Rm sImn-bn-emWv Xmakw. Pam-As Ckveman t\Xmhv
A_p Pem auehn AhnsS sN-tm Cu IrXy-\nh-lWw
ssiJv At-ls G]np. {]t_m-[\w {]n-emWv AXv {]n v
sNbvXXv. Rm Hpw Adn-n-n-m-bn-cpp. Hcp Znhkw A_p
Pem aue-hn-bpsS Hcp Iv F\nv Inn. Cu ]pkvX-I-ns
kuP\y hnX-cWw ssiJv Da AlvaZv asse-_mcn aptJ-\-bm-I-Wsa-mWv Xm B{K-ln-p--sXpw Bb-Xn-\m A-Sn ]Xns\-m-bncw tImn-I \nsf F]n-p-hm-\mWv ssiJns
\nt-i-sapw In ImWn-n-cn-pp. ]pkvX-I-s-p-I FhnsS-bmWv Fn-t--sXpw tNmZn-n-cn-pp. sImn-bn ]pXnb-

249

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]n aZvd-k-bn Fn-m Rm adp-]-Snbpw \In. ASp

Znhkw temdn-bn km[\w Fn. Av An-a-dn-m-cpsS {]iv\-fn. \psS Ckz-vemlo kplr-p- sIp-I aZvd-k-bn Cdn-shp. Cd-p-Iqen B{K-ln-p-sIm-. Am-lp-hns {]Xn^ew Imwn-p-sImv. Fnepw Rm Ahv ktm-j-nmbn Nmbss]k sImSpp. Cu tkh-\-nepw XpSp-ff ]eXnepw Hcp kplr-ns\ Rm {]tXyIw kvacn-pp. Aco-tmSv
D{K-]pcw kztZ-inbpw sImn shnw-KvS sFe-n tPmensNbvXv ]pXn-b-]-n-bn Xma-kn-p-h-n-cp hy-n-bp-am-b- aqkmkm-ln_v. am-t-cn-bn sFe v aqk FmWv Fm-hcpw
At-ls hnfn-n-cp-Xv. Dd XuloZv hnizm-knbpw `\pw
im-\p-am-bn-cpp sFe v aqk. F\nv thn Atlw Hcp]mSv tkh-\- k-k-tmjw sNbvXn-pv. Fp-sIm-Sp-mepw
hmp-I-bn. ]Icw Hcp Nncn-bmWv km-\n-pI. Ipsd-mew sImn-bn Dm-bn-cpp. NpasSSp-m- hm-Xm-b-tm Nnd I-h-Shp-ambn Ipsd \m Ignp. ]noSv tcmK-_m-[n-X-\mbn. Hcp henb
ikv{X-{Inb thn- hp. sImn-bnse kplr-p- kwJy
tiJ-cnv AXv \Sn. tijw \mn-tev t]mbn. ]noSv teiw
am\-knI XI-cmdp _m[np. Bbn-S-mWv Iq ]nem--d-bn
sI.F.Fw. kw-m\ kt-f\w \S-Xv. kt-f-\-n-\p -t]mIm thn B Akzm-y-n-\n-S-bnepw aqk _lfw shp.
As\ IpSpw-_-m-cn Nne At-ls kt-f\ \K-cn-bn
sImp-hp. sIm-n-bn \ns-nb BZi _p--sf-sbmw
Ip. Ipd-p-\m apv B \ a\p-jy ac-W-a-Sp. \ aphlvlnZv, kkz-`mhn, im. Amlp At-l-n\v s]mdp-psIm-Sp-p-Ibpw A\p-{Klw sNmcn-bp-Ibpw sNs.
lpw Dwdbpw Hcp tImn-sb-Spv Rm BZyw ]cn-tim-[np. Pam-A-p-Im-cmWv CXns ]cn-`m-jbpw A-Snbpw \n-ln-Xv.
hnX-cWw sNp-Xv Rm\pw. AXp-sImv ]cn-tim-[\ AXym-h-iyam-sWv tXmn. Hcn-Sv sXv Ip. BZi hyXn-bm\w Df-hmp sXv. "Am-lp-hns\ am{Xw A\p-k-cn-p-sImv' F Aw ]nSn-n-n-cn-pp. Ckvem-an Cs\ Hcm-i-b-an. AXv hgntb hni-Zo-I-cnmw. hnX-cWw Rm Xmew \nn-shp. CtXp-dnv ssi-Jv C_v\p-_m-kn\v I-bp. B `mKw D-cn-p-sIm-

250

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v. Cu hnhcw A_p Pm aue-hn-tbbpw Adn-bnp. Ipdp Znhkw Ignp ssiJns Ip-hp. ""{]kvXpX `mKw \n ]dbp--Xp-t]mse Xncp-m At]-n-pp'' F AXnhn\-b-ns hmp-I-fm-bn-cpp adp-]-Sn-bn Dm-bn-cp-Xv. As\ sNp-Xn-\p sNehpw Atlw hlnpw Fpw Fgp-Xn-bn-cpp.
Rm Fs "kk-_o ]n-jnw-K-v lukn"s tbmKw hnfnp.
IqSn-bm-tem-Nnp.- "{]km-[-Is Ipdnv' F Xe-hm-N-I-n Hcp
{]kvXm-h\ {]tXyIw A-Sn-n-p-hm\pw AXn ssiJns hmNIw Ad-_n-bn Xs ImWn-p-hm\pw BbXv _pns Ih
t]Pv Xpd-p BZy-t]-Pn Hnp tNv hnX-cWw \S-m\pw
Xocp-am-\np. ]Xn-s\-m-bncw tImn-bnepw CXv Hn-p-tNWw.
aq-p Znh-kw-sImv Fs kplr-p- \nc-\n-c-bm-bn-cpp AXv
]qn-bmn. kk-_o ]n-jnw-K-v lukns ko ]pkvX-In ]Xn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tijw Fm-bn-Spw hnX-cWw sNbvXp. 500 tImn-I ssiJn\v Fn-p-sIm-Sp--W-sav Bh-iy-sn-cpp. AXv Ab-m dnkv _mns A\p-aXn]{Xw In-Wsav a\-n-embn. km-nI {]iv\-hp-ambn _-s Nne kmt-XnI Imcy--fm-bn-cpp Ah. Rm aqew AXv ssIImcyw sNbvX-hv _pn-apv hc-cp-sXv IcpXn B Imcyw A_p Pem
aue-hnsb Xs G]np. Atlw hfsc ktm-j-n AtXs-Spp. Nne Ip_p-n-I Btcm-]n-p--Xp-t]mse A-amb
hntcm-[-amWv F\nv Pam-As Ckvem-an-tbmSv Dm-bn-cp--sXn Cu Ah-kcw D]-tbm-Knv A-Sn-im-epw Pam-Av t\Xmpw hnjaw krjvSn-p ]eXpw sNm-am-bn-cpp. \apv
BZi-]-c-amb FXnv am{Xta Ah-tcm-Spq. Fm Ah
Fs hyn-]-c-ambn Hcp-]mSv No-]-d-bp-Ibpw D-X-m-\-fn Fs t{Zmln-m ]eXpw {]hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv.
Ah-kcw t]mse hgnsb hnh-cnmw.
ssiJv C_v\p-_mkv Fs AXy-[nIw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw hnizkn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. F\nv e`n B `mKyw Hcn-epw Rm
Nqj-W-n\v hnt[-b-am-n-bn-n. ssiJp-ambn Bcw-`n BZi_w ZrV-amb kvt\l-_--amb-n hf-cp-Ibpw B _w aptJ\
]WvUn-X-tem-Ipw ]pdpw [mcmfw D-X-m-cp-ambn kw
]pem F\nv Ign-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. ssiJns kplr-

251

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v F \ne-bn Htsd ]cn-KW-\-I Ad_v \mSp-I-fn F\nv Inn-bn-pv. Fm-bn-Spw ]ng-hp-]-m-sXbpw AXncv Ihn-bm-sXbpw Rm ]c-am-h[n kqn-n-p-s Imcyw Am-lp-hn-\-dnbmw.
Ah kqva-ambn IWv t\mp--h-\m-Wtm.
Fm ssiJv AhI-fp-ambn Dmb _-n Ghpw
hen-b-Xmb Hcp t\w Dv. AXv Rm ]Xn-m-p-I-fmbn \S-ntm-cp Hcm-Zi ka-c-ns hnP-b-amWv. Hcp-]mSv hyn-_- Cu ka-c-ap-Jv shv F\nv \jvS-am-bn-pv. [mcmfw apdnhp-I Gn-pv. IpSpw-_-n \np-t]mepw \n-l-I-c-W-amWv
F\nv e`n-Xv. Rm Acp-a-tbmsS hfn IjvS-sv ]Tn-nv,
]cn-io-en-nv sImp-h Fs aI t]mepw Ah-fpsS `mhns Xm]-cy-n\p hgn F\n-s-Xn-cn \ne-bp-d-np. Rm
]Tn-n Htsd injy-m Fs shn-ho-gvm Bbp-[-sa-Spp.
]s, Rm ]ntmv amdn-bn. Xfn. IqSp-X I-i-ambn
t\cn-p-sImv aptm-mv \on. kXyw Fs ]-m-sWv
F\nv D-a-t_m-[y-ap-m-bn-cpp. Fs B\nizm-k-n
Aen-p-tN {]m-\w- t]mepw Fs ]np-W-p--Xn
Ad-p-\n L- Dm-bn-pv. Kpcp-Xp-ey-cmb BZ-c-Wob
hyn-Xz- A]w ab-s-Sp-m FtmSv D]-tZ-in-n-pv.
Nne Fs `oj-Wn-s-Spn. ""\o H-sSpw'' Fv.- ""Fs J_-dnepw Rm H-bm-bn-cn-p-atm'' Fv Rm adp-]Sn \In. {`m,
Rcv tcmKn, kntbm-Wnv GP v, Zm, Al-mcn, [nmcn
XpSn tIm-hp--sXms tIp. Fs \mi-n\v thn ]cky-ambn {]mnp \S--h-cp-apv. Hcn- Rm Pn-bn sNnd-nb Znhkw honepw \mnepw Rm acn--Xmbn hm ]cn
A-c-n-n-pv. ASn-am{Xw Inn-bn-n. ]s, a-\-t-m
Kpcp-X-chpw thZ-\m-P-\-I-hp-amb F-a ]oU-\- Rm A\p-`hnp. BZiw ASn-bd shm Hcp--an- m- X n- c p- Xp Xs
ImcWw.
kam-Z-c-Wo-b\pw temI-{]-i-kvX-\p-amb ]WvUnX tIkcn C_v\p-_m-kns apn Hcp adp-]-Sn-mbn Cu {]iv\w D-bn-p-sImv 1977 apX Rm Imp-\np. At-l-ns \o au\w
F\n-s-Xn-cn-ep Bbp-[-amn ]ecpw D]-tbm-Knp. kl-\-tmsS, {]Xo--tbmsS Rm Imn-cpp. HSp-hn Atlw Ghpw

252

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

D-Xhpw DZm--hp-amb \ne-bn au\w `RvPnp. 88 {]kn-o-IrX-amb Cu {K-s-p-dnv A]w Ign-mWv Zpss_-bn
shv Rm Adn-Xv.- Xs temI {]i-kvX-amb aPvap-D ^Xmh
(aX-hn-[n-I-fpsS kam-lmcw) cmw hmey-n Hmw \ Bbn
Fs tNmZy-n-\p adp-]Sn tNp-sIm-mWv AXv {]ko-oIr-X-am-bXv.
Ad_n \mSp-I-fnse {]Nm-c-Wmw Rm Xm-dm-nb ""aAv\m
em Ceml Cmlp'' (emC-eml C-m-lp-hns kmcw)- F
sNdp{Kw ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS {i-bvmbn Fm-hp-n-S-smw
Fn-n-cpp. AXv hmbn--h-cn ]ecpw t\cn I-tm Fs
hmZ--tfmSv ktm-j-]qw tbmPnv tcJ-s-Spn. Fs t{]mm-ln-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. C_v\p-_m-kns ^Xvhm {Kw
In Inn-bnpw cv aqp hjw AXv ]ckyw sNm Rm
Dm-ln-n. hen-b-h-cpsS ]pd-v Nmcn hv \Sn--W-sa-p
AXn-tamlw Cm--Xp-sIm-p-Xs.
Fm D {]tZ-inse _oKm-]q-cn \nv {]kn-o-I-cn-p "A^-emlv' F {]kn DZp amkn-I-bn Fs "aAv\m
em -C-eml C-mlp' F ]pkvX-I-s-p-dnv auem\m \nbmkv
AlvaZv Xzn_v aZ\n \S-nb ]T-\ml-amb \ncq-]Ww htm Rm AXv ]c-k-lm-b-m hmbnp tIp. AXv ]cn-`mj
sNbvXp kk-_o-en ]ckyw sNm Fs kplrv F.F.
laoZv Fs \n_-np. auem\m \nbmkv kmln_v B \ncq-]W-n Fs hmZ-ap-J-sf AwKo-I-cn-p-Ibpw ssiJv C_v\p_mkv AtX-p-dnv A\p-Iq-e-amb ^Xvh ]pd-s-Sp-hn Imcyw
FSpv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. aue-\-m-bpsS \ncq-]Ww hmbn ]ecpw
F\nv I-bp. Fs IrXn Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bhiy-s--h-scmw ]WvUn-X-m-cm-b-Xn-\m Hmtcm-cp-pw ]v
tImn-hoXw Rm Ab-p-sIm-Spp. C_v\p-_m-kns ^Xvh Ad_n-aq-e-tm-Sp-IqSn {]kn-o-I-cn--W-sav kl-Im-cn-I ]ecpw
Fs \n_-np. kZp-t-i-]-c-ambn k-n\v Rm hgn.
92 HIvtSm-_ ew kk-_o-en AXv {]kn-o-I-cnp.
auZq-Znkw Ckvem-an\v A\y-amb Xncp-hm-Zhpw Xo{h-hm-Z-hpam-sWv Cym D]-`q-J-WvU-nepw Ad-_n-\m-Sp-I-fn-ep-ap ]WvUn-X-m a\-n-em-n-sm-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. AXn-\p ]m--ew

253

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hcp-p--Xn Ffn-b-h-\mb F\npw Hcp ]p-h-ln-m Amlp

Ah-kcw \In. Am-lp-hn\v k kvXpXnbpw! kabw AXn-{I-ans-nepw \jvS-s-nn-. alm]WvUn-X\pw Nn-I\pw kmw-KoIm-c-m- {]i-kvX-\p-amb ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kns ^Xvh Ahv Hcp- h-gn-hn-f-m-Ip-sa-n...? Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
^Xvh-bpsS kwn]vX XPa Xmsg sImSp-pp.
""emC-eml C-mlp F ]cn-ip hN-\-n\v aqp In-I hyXy-kvX-amb A- ]d-p-sIm-n-cn-p--Xns\ kw_nv \psS {]nb ktlm-Z-c ssiJv Da Al-aZv asse-_mcn
Xm-dm-nb sNdp IrXn Fs {i-bns]p. AXv Rm a\-n-cpn Nnnp. Xmsg ]d-bp--h-bmWv B hyXykvX A-.
1. Bcm-[n--s-Sm Al Amlp Am-sX-bn.
2. A\p-k-cn--s-Sm Al Amlp Am-sX-bn.
3. c-Imhv Amlp Am-sX-bn.
CXn hnip hN-\-n\v \tI kXy-amb Aw Hm-atXv am{X-am-Ipp. teJ-I AXv \-hw sXfn-bn-n-pv.
hnip Jp-B-\n At\Iw e--fn CXv hy-am-n-bn-papv.
""\ns-am{Xw R Bcm-[n-pp. \ntmSv am{Xw R
klmbw tXSp-Ibpw sNpp.''- (^mXnl)
""Am-lp-hn-s\-b-msX \n Bcm-[n--cpXv Fv \ns dv
hn[n-n-cn-pp.'' (CkvdmAv 23)
""Pnn-t\bpw a\p-jy-tcbpw Fs -am{Xw Bcm-[n-p--Xn\v thn-b-msX Rm krjvSn-n-n.'' (Zmcn-bmv 56)
AXm-bXv, Fs am{Xw Bcm-[n-Ww, am-tcbpw Bcm-[n--cpXv. B \nev am{X-amWv krjvSn-Xv. Fs Bcm-[n- Ah-cpsS
GI cm-amKhpw IS-a-bp-amWv. F\nv am{X-amWv AXn-\p
Ah-Imiw Fv kmcw.
Cn-j-b-I-ambn [mcmfw hN-\- Jp-B-\n-epv. _lp-ssZhm-cm-[-I Cu hN-\-n-tev Wn--s--tm Ah AXv \ntj-[n-p-Ibpw Al--cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS ]qo-I-m
kzoI-cn-p-h _nw_m-cm-[-\sb Cu hN\w \ntj-[n-p-I-bm-sW-

254

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

-h a\-n-emn. hn{K-l-sf Cem-lm-p--Xns\ "emC-eml

C-mlp' F hmIyw FXnp-p-shv Ah icnpw {Kln-p.
AXp-sIm-mWv B kaqlw Iena sNmmsX hnapJX- ImWn-Xv.
""Ah-cn \nv Hcp Xmo-Xp-Im-c Ahsc A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn--tm-
Ah ApXw {]I-Sn-np. s]cpwI-\mb B`n-Nm-c-I-\mWv
Ch! Cem-lp-I-sf-sbmw Ah H Cem-lm-p-Itbm?! CXv
henb Ap-X-Imcyw Xs! Fv kXy-\n-tj-[n-I ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp.'' (kzmZv 4,5)
""emC-eml C-mlp Fv Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-tm Ah Almcw \Sn-p-Ibpw Hcp {`m-\mb Ihn-p-thn \psS Cem-lpIsf \mw Dt]-n-p--h-cm-I-Wtam Fv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNp--hcm-bn-op''-. (kz^v^mv 23,36)
CXp-t]m-ep At\Iw Jp-B hN-\--fn \nv hnip
hN\w _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\sb FXnp-Ibpw Bcm-[\ Am-lphn\v am{X-amn Dd-n-p-Ibpw sNp-p-shv apivcn-p-I a\-nemn Fv sXfn-bpp. AXn-\m Ah-cn \nv Nne apkven-w-Ifm-bn-o-tm _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[\ ]msS Dt]-n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Bcm-[n--s-Sm Al Amlp am{X-amWv, thsd
Bcp-an FmWv hnip hN-\-ns kmc-sav Ah a\-n-emn-b-Xp-sIm-m-WnXv.
Fm A\p-k-cn--s-Sm Al Am-lp am{X-amWv, thsd
Bcp-an Ftm, c-Imhv Amlp AmsX C Ftm
A-am-bn-cp-p-sh-n Cu hN-\s B kaqlw FXnp-ambn-cp-n. {kjvSmhpw cn-Xmhpw Amlp Xs-bm-sWv Ah
hniz-kn-n-cpp. Ah AXv Xpd-p-]-d-bpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cpp. Amlp-hns\ Xs-bmWv A\p-k-cn-t-Xv Fp Ah hniz-kn-ncpp. ]s, hn{K-l-, {]hm-N-I-m, ae-p-I, ]pWym-m, hr- C-s\-bp Ah-cpsS ssZh- Am-lp-hns
ASp- Xp-thn ip]mi sNp-sapw Am-lp-hn--tev Xsf ASp-n-p-sapw P]n-p-sIm-mWv B "ssZh-sf'
Ah Bcm-[n-Xv. Cu hnjbw Jp-B-\n Amlp hfsc sXfnbnp ]d-n-pv. kqdXv- bq\pkv 18mw Bbpw kqdXv- kpa
aqmw Bbpw {in-pI. Bcm-[n--s-Sm Al Amlp
Am-sX-bn F A-amWv icn. at chpw sXmWv.

255

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ssiJv Da ]d-Xv ]cakXy-am-Ipp.'' (cXv\-p-cpw)

ssiJv apl-Zv ap_m-dIv F kndn-b-m-c-\mb ]WvUn-X
a-bn Ipn-X-p ico-A-bnse Aym-]-I-\m-bn-cpp. F\nv
At-ls ]cn-N-b-an. tIp-tIhn-bp-an. ]s, Atlw
Fs-p-dnv AXn-\m-i-I-c-amb Hcm-tcm-]Ww D-bn-p-sImv
ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kn\v Hcp Iv sImSp--bp. Iv ssiJns
In Xs Fn-Xv Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS Hcp hm-hmb
Sn.sI. C_vdmlow (inh-]pcw) F hyn-bm-bn-cp-p-shv Adnp. t\cn-p kw`m-j-W-n Atlw AXv k-Xn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Inse {][m\ hnjbw Rm PqX-m-cpsS henb klmbn-bmWv Fm-bn-cpp. 1976emWv Cu kw`hw FmWv Hm.
Rm ln-\mbn Zmdp C^vXm-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn Ahn-sS-sbn. Sn.sI. C_vdmlow kmln-_ns\ Zmdp C^vXm-bn \npw aX{]-t_m-[-\-n-\mbn Ata-cn--bn-tev Ab-m Xocp-am-\n--s
{]Imcw XpS \S-]-Sn-Imbn At-lhpw Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cpp.
ssiJv ap_m-d-ns In Rm Ckvem-anI {]m-\-amb
Pam-As Ckvem-ansb ITn-\-ambn FXnp Imcy-amWv {][m\ sXfn-hmbn Nqn-bn-cp-Xv. Rm C_v\p-_m-kns\ sNp Itm Atlw Cu hnhcw Fs [cn-np. ssiJv- ap_m-d-n\v
Fs Adn-p-IqSm. Fnpw Atlw Cs\ Hcp Iv C_v\p_m-kn\v Ab--Xn ApXw tXmn-bn. Sn.sI. C_vdmlow kmln_pw Iqp-Imcpw Fs-p-dnv At-l-n\p \Inb Adn-hmWv CXn\p ImcWw. At-l-n\v Hcp D-c-hm-Zn t_m[-hp-ansv CXn \nv Xs a\-n-embn. Is-gp-Xnv ssiJns
In Fn-p Npa-Xe Sn.sI. C_vdmlow kzbw Gs-Sp-p-Ibm-bn-cpp. ssiJp-_v\p-_mkv FtmSv hnh-c- ]dp: Atl-ns kmn-y-n Sn.sI. C_vdm-lo-ap-ambn Hcp Nv
ssiJv B{K-lnp. Rm ktm-j-]qw k-Xnp. Rn-Sbn Hcp kulrZw Dm--W-sav Atlw B{K-ln-p-p-shv
a\-n-embn. As\ N \Sp. Rm auZqZn kmln-_n-s\-pdnpw Pam-As Ckvem-ansb kw_-npw Kpcp-X-c-amb hymPmtcm-]-W- Fs amkn-I-bn-eqsS \nc-cw {]N-cn-n-p-I-bm-sWv Sn.sI. ssiJn-t\mSv ]dp. ssiJv sXfnhv Bh-iy-s--tm
Xs ] kk-_o-ens tImn-I Csv Atlw ]d-

256

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p. \mep hjs e- ]pkvXI cq]-n ss_Uv

sNbvXv Fs _mKn Dm-bn-cpp. h Bh-iyhpw hs-ntem
F hnNm-c-n Rm In sImv t]mb-Xm-bn-cpp AXv.
bmsXmcp ktm-Nhpw IqSmsX CXm kk-_o tImn-I Fs
]-epv Fv ]d-p-sImv _mKn \ns-Spv Sn.sI.bpsS
In sImSpp. Fs Cu {]hrn ssiJns\ Ap-X-s-Spp-Ibpw Bm-Zn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atlw Am-lp-hns\
kvXpXn-p-Ibpw F\nv thn {]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Sn.sI.
kk-_o-en \npw Fs Nne hN-\- ssiJn\v t_m[y-sSp-m {ianp. auZqZn kmln_v Xs {K--fn-eqsS ]pd-n
Bi-b--sf-bmWv Rm hnain-p--sXv Rm\pw DZm-l-cnp.
Atm Sn.sI. ]d-Xv auZqZn kmln-_ns {K- ]cn-tim[nmsX Hpw ]d-bm- Ign-bn-s-m-bn-cpp! F\nv Ap-Xhpw
shdppw tXmn. auZqZn {K--sf-p-dnv C{X A-\mtWm
Atlw! Fs Btcm-]Ww \ntj-[n-m At-l-n\v ss[cy-an. AwKo-I-cn-m a\-p-an. Atm c-s-Sm ]d \ymbam-WXv. ]cn-tim-[n--Ww- t]m!- Imcy- Fhn-sSbpw Fn-bn.
HSp-hn ssiJv CS-s]p. Dulm-t]m-l- Hgn-hm-nbpw B-tcm-KyI-c-amb kwhmZw \ne-\nnbpw kulm-n Ign-b-W-sa-v
Rsf D]-tZ-inp. Rn-S-bn-ep Bib `n-X-bn Xocpam-\-sa-Sp-- ssiJn\v Rm hnp-sIm-Spp. ]noSv ]e ]WvUnX
- m-cp-ambn N \Sp. Pam-As Ckvem-an-tbmSpw auZqZn kmln_n-t\mSpw A\p-`m-h-ap ]e ]WvUn-X-m-cp-ambpw Sn.sI. N kwL-Sn-np. Fm-h-tcmSpw Rm Htc D-c-amWv ]d-Xv. Rm
sXv ]d-n-p-s-n amv ]d-bp--XmWv. ""\n ssiJv C_v\p_
- m-kn \npw adp-]Sn hmpI''-. AXv Fm-hcpw AwKo-I-cnp.
R-fpsS N-I As\ Ah-km-\np. Rm kndn-b-m-c-\mb apl-Zv ap_m-d-n\v Is-gpXn. ""\n C_v\p-_m-kn-t\mSv
Rm kntbm-Wnv GPm-sWv m]n-p-sImv I-b-tm.
Bcp-sS-sb-nepw hmv hniz-knv \n sXn-m-c-W-bns]v
AXv sNbvX-Xm-sW-n Rm \n-tfmSv s]mcp--s-n-cn-pp.
a\x-]qh-am-sW-n tIkv Am-lp-hns tImS-Xn-bn-tev hnn-cnpp. \apv AhnsS shp-ImWmw.'' Atlw adp-]Sn Xn.
ln\p tijw Rm sImn-bn aS-n-sbn.- GXm\pw Znh-

257

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kw Ign--tm IuXp-I-ap-Wnb Hcp kw`hw Dmbn. Rm

Xma-kn-p ]pXn-b-]n aZvd-k-bnse apdn-bn-tev Sn.sI. C_vdmlow kmln_v kemw ]dp sImv Ibdn hp. lkvX-Zm\w
sNbvXp. IqsS Pam-A-p-Im-c-\mb Sn.Fw. sslt{Zmkv _mp-h-pw
Dm-bn-cpp. Rm kap-Nn-X-ambn kzoI-cnp. Ipiew ]dp.
Atlw \mn-te-p bm{Xm-aty sImn hnam-\-m-h-f-n
hv, Rm sImn-bn--eptm F-t\z-jn-nv Dd-p-h-cpn ImWm h-Xm-bn-cpp. Atm Fs-b-Spv F.F. laoZpw Dv.
Ata-cn--bn-tev t]mIp-hm ^manen hnk ASw \S-]-Sn-I
]qn-bm-b-tm IpSpw-_s sImp-t]m-Im \mn-se-n-b-Xmbn-cpp Atlw.- Xm]-cy-]qw Fs ImWm h-Xns
]nn Hcp \n-{]-I-S-\-ns `mh-ap-m-bn-cpp. AXpw Cu Iqn tNcp-h-bm-tI--XmWv. Atd-_y-bn shp N-I
Ignp. Fs ]WvUn-X-k-Z-p-I-fn hnj-an-n-m Bhp-sXmw Atlw sNbvXp. lv Ignv Xnc-sm-gnp. Rm
aZo-\-bn-em-bn-cpp. Hcp Znhkw Sn.sI. C{_mlow Fs kao-]np
Hcp klmbw A`ynp. Imcy-an-XmWv. Ata-cn--bn-te-p
Xs tPmen-m-ev ^man-ensb IqsS sImp-t]m-Im A\p-hm-Zapv. Snpw e`npw. AXn-mbn Zmdp C^vXm-Cs B^o-kn-
sN-tm Hcp kmt-Xn-IXzw! `mcy-tbbpw a-tfbpw Ipdn-p
kn-^n-v lmP-cm-IWw. AXn\v AhnsS \np-Xs Hcp Ffp-amKw B^o-kn \npw \nt-inp. Zmdp C^vXm-Cs tI{n Adn-b-s-Sp Hcp tIc-fo-b knss^ sNbvXm aXnbmIpw. Sn.sI. As\ Hcmsf Is-m {ianp. Xs Inm-cns] Bscbpw AhnsS In. At\z-j-Wn ev
AXn\p ^nmb Hcm Rm am{Xta Atm Dm-bn-cp-pq.
Sn.sI. hnhcw FtmSv ]dp. Rm Atm Xs At-ltm-sSmw Zmdp C^vXm-C-tev t]mbn. ""Ct-l-n\v `mcybpw
cp-a-fpw Dsv Atlw FtmSv ]d-n-cn-pp. B Imcyn Atlw kXy-amWv ]d-bp--sXv F\nv t_m[y-apv.
AXn-\m Rm Fs kXy-hm-Mvaqew tcJ-s-Sp-pp'' Fv
Adn-bnp. At-l-ns Bh-iyw -\-Sp. CXv Rm FSpv ]dbm-\p Imc-Whpw IqSn ChnsS tNp ]d-bs. Fs Ckvem-ans\-Xn-cn PqX-m-cpsS GPmbn Nn{Xo-I-cnv asm-cmsf sImv
Is-gp-Xnv AXv In hmn ssi-Jv C_v\p-_m-kn\v Fn-p-

258

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sIm-Sp AXn-\o-N-amb t{Zmlw FtmSp sNbvX i{Xp-hm-bn-cpp

Cu a\p-jy. B thZ-\-bpsS hn Fs a\-n \npw amnn. At-l-n\v hyn-]-c-ambn hen-sbmcp Imcyw Rm aptJ\
Bh-iy-ambn hn-cn-pp. Hcp \nanjw Fs Nn B hgn-bn
hp. Fm Fs dv Fs a\-ns\ hnim-e-am-n-p.
Rm Atm Ghpw shdp-p-sIm-n-cp Hcp i{Xp-hns\ bmsXmcp D]m-[nbpw IqSmsX klm-bn-m Fs lrZ-bs ab-sSp-n- HuZm-cy-hm-\mb Am-lp-hn\v kvXpXn!
Sn.sI. sImn-bn \nv FtmSv bm{X-tNm-Znp ]ncnp. ASp Znhkw sImn-bnse kPoh Pam-A-p-Im-c\pw {]kw-K-I-\p-amb
sI.bp. lwk F-bm Hcp XSn Ih-dp-ambn Fs-b-Sp-sn.
Sn.sI. C_vdmlow kmln_v G]n kk-_o-en-te-p teJ\-am-sW--sX-pw AXns ]Iv FSp-m-\p kuI-cy-n-\pth-n-bmWv Xcm sshIn-b-sXpw ]d-p-sImv Ih Fs
G]n-p-.- t\mn thXv sNmw Fv Rm adp-]Sn \In.
sI.bp. lwk F hynsb cp hmn Hp ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-msX h. Pam-A-p-Im sImn ]pXn-b-]-nv apn Hcp tbmKw
kwL-Sn-np. cp Znhkw ammen kztZin Jmknw aue-hnbpw
(Ctlw Ipd-p-Imew J-dn Dm-bn-cpp) sI.bp. lwk-bp-ambn-cpp {]kw-K-I. Fs in-bpw hnainp. No-]-dp.
sXdn-hn-fnp. Ch ]dp: ""Cbm Im^n-dmWv, Cbm-fpsS P\\w
Xs icn-b. c ]cn-tim-[\ \S-n-bn-c-p-s-n AXv sXfn-bpam-bn-cpp''.- Rm e-n. ]s, Fs `mcy Dm-bn-cpp.
Ah CXp apgp-h tIp. H-n-cpp Ipsd Icp. ]ns Znhkw
cm{Xn Rm hp. ASp kp_vlnv hpfp sNbvXv ]n-bn-tev
Cd-m Hcp-n-b-tm `mcy Fs XSp. \n Im^n-dmsWpw apw ssan-eqsS hnfnp ]d-Xv \ni_vZw tIp ]ncn Bfp-Iv thn Cam-am-Ip-hm \n-sf-n\p t]mIp-p-sh-h tNmZnp. Ah Ic-bp-I-bmWv. Rm Biz-kn-np. ]n-bntev t]mbn. A-v sshIp-tcw kplr-p--fpsS Hcp tbmKw
hnfn-p-tNp. aZvdk lm Xnn-\n-dp. Imcy- N sNbvXp. B {]kw-K-n\v in-bmb Hcp {]Xn-I-cWw thW-sa Imcyn Fm-hcpw GtIm-]np. ]qbvv Bcv aWn-sIpw Fmbn
ASp {]iv\w. sI.kn. A_q-_- auehn, sskZv auehn,
F.]n. A_vZp JmZn auehn, Sn.]n. A_vZp--tmb aZ\n XpSn

259

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]e-cp-sSbpw t]cp-I k`-bn-ep-bp. Atm F.F. laoZv aptmv Ibdn \np. laoZv Av \S-nb sNdp {]kwKw Rm Hcnepw ad-p-I-bn. ""cp Znh-ks {]kw-K-n-ep {][m\ hnjb--sfmw Ipdn-s-Sp-n-pv. sXdn hnfn-Xpw No ]d--Xpw
ASw. Da auehn I\pw Ckvem-ans i{Xphpw Im^ndpw P\\w- sImv Ahn-ip--\p-am-sWv Ah ChnsS ]dp. Bb-Xn\m Cbmsf hniz-kn-m sImp-I-bn-spw Cam-a-n\p tbmKy\-spw {]Jym-]np. aue-hn-s-Xn-cn Dbnb hnai-\pw Btcm-]-W-pw Hcp JWvU\w \S-m ]pd-t-v
Bsf tXSn-t]m-Ip--Xn-t\mSv Rm tbmPn-p-n. Da auehn
Xs CXn\p adp-]Sn ]d-bWw. A-t-lw- A-Xn-\v- _m-[y--\m-Wv-.au-e-hn-v- A-Xv- km-[y-a-s-n- Cu- ]-n-bn- Atlw Cam-ambn
XpS-cp--Xn-se-w.'' A{X-bp-amWv B kwkm-c-ns Np-cp--w.
Rm Fgp-tp. \nv k-X-am-sW-n F\npw AXv kX-amWv Fv ]dp. DSs\ Ap Znhkw Fs {]kwKw \nbnp. hym]-I-amb ]ckyw \Im\pw Xocp-am-\np. Atm ho-pw
Rm Fgp-tp. Rm Gn-cn-pp. ]s, Hcp \n_-\. Hmtcm
Znh-khpw BapJ-ambn Cu ]n-bn Ppap-Av IqSp--hcpw PamA-n Fs ]np-S-cp--h-cp-amb hyn-I Hmtcm-cp--cmbn
Ipd-p-t\cw kwkm-cn-Ww. AXpw Xocp-am-\-ambn. Hmw Znhkw
lao-Zv Xs, tijw B.F. lwk am, ap-en_v am-,
Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmv, sI.Fkv.sI. X Cs\ {Ia-{]-Imcw
\n-bn--sp. CXn HSp-hn ]d cp-t]-sc-p-dnv {]tXyIw A\p-kva-cn-t--Xpv. AsXm-gn-hm-n-bm Cu cN-\-bpsS
{]kn Xs \jvS-sSpw. AXv hgnsb Rm \n-ln-pw. Cim-Am-lv-.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

39
Hcp Iena sNm
hn P\m-h-en-bpsS kmn-[y-n AtX ev Xs
]cn-]mSn Bcw-`np. \n-b-{]-Imcw Ac aWn-q \o {]uV-Kw`o-c-amb lao-Zns BapJ-{]-kw-K-n\p tijw Rm XpSn.

260

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lwZpw kzempw Ignp. Rm ]dp:- Ign--Zn-h-ks

{]kw- K - n sI.bp. lwk F- b m Rm Im^n- d m- s Wv
{]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw Cam-a-n\v Rm tbmKy-\-sv Xop ]d-bpIbpw sNbvXXv \n tIn-cn-p-atm? Rm A-s\-bmWv
F Imcy-n Cu P\-q--n Bs-nepw Bi--bp-sn CXm Rm AXv \opp: ""AivlZp Aem-C-eml Cmlp.... dkq-en-mln''.- F\nv Ign-bm-hp-{X i_vZ-n hnImc
hnp-_v[-\mbn Rm Iena sNmn. imKw`o-c-amb \n-_vZX.
hn P\-q-hpw Fs kvt\ln-p--hcpw hnd--enp \npXv Ip-sImv Rm im-\mbn ]dp. Rm\nXm apkvenambn. C\n Ckvem-an-s\-p-dnv \n-tfmSv Rm kwkm-cn-m
XpS-p-I-bmWv. Fs _lp-am\y kplrv sI.Fkv.sI. X
ASw Ipsd kplr-p-I Io XpS-p-Xv Rm Ip.
Fs Ip-Ifpw \\-n-cpp. Hcp hm cwK-am-bn-cpp AXv.
in-bmb lrZ-b-an-Sn-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Rm Ftmgpw AtXmmdp-Xv. Xocp-am-\-{]-Imcw ]cn-]mSn ]qn-bmn. Pam-A-p-Im-cpsS ]q-Xnbpw Xop. sImn-bnepw ]cn-k-cpw Ah-cpsS \mi-nte-p \Sw thK-bn-em-bn-op.
Cu ilm-Zv Iena sNm asmcp Ncn{X kw`-h-n \nmWv Rm ]Tn-Xv. ]m-_nse {]K\pw- {]i-kvX-\p-a-mb ke^o
]WvUn-X auem\m k\m-D-mlv Aar-X-k-c-n-bmWv CXn Fs
DkvXmZv. i]n--s I {]hm-N-I aokm Kpemw AlvaZv JmZnbm\n (e.A)bpambn auem\m \S-nb Kw`o-c-amb hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw.
]Xn-\m-bn-c- XSn-p-Iq-Snb kZv. BZyw aok hp. tijw
auem-\bpw.- ao-k Hcp Ip_pn {]tbm-Knp. ""Atlw apkven-a,
Im^n-dmWv. Im^n-dp-I-tfmSv hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v Rm\n-tm Hcp-an.'' Bcy \ni-_vZ-amb kZ-n-sbpw kwLm-S-I-cp-sSbpw lrZb-sf {]I-\w sImn-p-sImv AXn-thKw alm-\mb k\m-Dmlv Aar-Xvkcn ""AivlZp....'' Fv ilm-Zv Iena Ghpw Dn sNmn. Atlw ]dp. ""Rm\nXm apkven-am-bn--gnp.
C\n XpSmw'' ao-k shn-embn. HSp-hn ap_m-le \S-n ]ncn-bpI-bm-Wp-m-bXv. \m]Xmw Znhkw Xohn bm{X-bn AXn-kmcw
]nSn-s]v Iq-kn Ipg-p-hoWv ao-k acn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p-hs{X!
auem\m \m]-Xv hjw ]n-s-b-pw Btcm-Ky-hm-\mbn Pohnp.

261

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\ ]d-p-h-Xv Sn.sI. C_vdm-lo-ans teJ-\-s-p-dnm-Wv. Rm \o B teJ\w hmbnp. ""a-bn Fp kw`hnp'' CXmWv Xe-hm-NIw. kXy-fpw A-k-Xy-fpw If-hp-Ifpw Iqn-p-gp kXy-am-m {ian-p-X
- m-bn-cpp teJ\w. HSp-hn
Hcp `oj-Wnbpw. Cu teJ\w Xm {]kn-o-I-cn-p-n-s-n
AXv {]tXyIw A-Snv tIc-f-nepw,- Ad-_n-bnepw Cwo-jn-ep-amn Cy-bnepw Ad_v cmPy--fnepw hnX-cWw sNp--XmWv. ]Is-Spv shp Fp ]d--Xns D-Sw Atm-gmWv a\-nem-bXv. hmbn-p-Xo DSs\ lao-Zns\ hnfn-n-cpn adp-]Sn FgpXm Bcw-`np. teJ-\-n ]d {][m\ hnj-b-smw
JWvU\w Xm-dmn. ASp--ew kk-_o-en Sn.sI. C_vdmlo-ans Xpd Ipw Fs Xpd adp-]-Sn-bp-am-b-tm asm-pw
tNm CS-an-m-bn-cpp. Ata-cn--bnse At-l-ns hnemkw teJ-\-ns Xmsg sImSp-n-cpp. tImn Ab-p-sIm-Sp-pIbpw sNbvXp.
Cu Iq-n Sn.sI. C_vdmlow Hcp ]c-kyhpw Xn-cpp.
""Ad_n `mjm Kth-j-Iv Hcp kphm-h-kcw''.- CXmWv ]c-kyns slnv. AXn-ep hnjbw C{]-Im-c-amWv. C_m-Zv
F hmn\v XzmAv (A\p-k-cWw) Fv Aw ]d-bm
]mSn-sv ]d-n-p ]qo-Itcm B[p-\n-Itcm Bb ap^-n-d-pIsf D-cn-p--hv Bbncw cq] km\w. {K-ns t]cv,
{K-Im-cs t]cv, hmeyw, t]Pv \ Fnh IrXy-ambn ImWn-ncn-Ww Fv Sn.sI. C_vdmlow. hnemkw bp.Fkv.Fbnse Xmak-n-s-Xm-bn-cpp. ]ckyw Rm Ghpw {]m[m-\y-tmsS \In. Ih t]Pns Hmw ]pdv. CUIvkv Hgn-hmn t_mI-vkn sImSpp. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS apJy BZi hnj-bhpw
Ahs-Xn-cn Fs apJy Bbp-[-hp-amb hnj-b-am-Wtm ]cky-n-ep-Xv. cv Iqpw Xpey {]m[m-\y-ap Imcyw. ]c-kyqen Rm Bh-iy-s-n. AXv kuP-\y-amn.
Ih t]Pv cn Xs AXns adp-]-Snbpw A-Snp. Camw
dmkn Xs X^vko-dn kqdXv- _n-\-ns hymJym-\-n
Cs\ ]d-n-cn-pp. ""C_m-Z-n\v A\p-k-cWw F Aw Bsc-nepw P]n-m Ah A_w ]dp. Fp-sIms-m Hcp Iq hn{K-l-pw ae-p-Ipw C_m-Zv

262

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sNbvXn-cp-tm''? ""C\mw F\nv th'' Fm-bn-cpp adp-]-SnbpsS Xe-hm-NIw. adp-]-Snv tijw Rm C{]-Imcw FgpXn. Camw
dmkn bpsS X^vko-dn Cu D-cWn F\nv ImWn-p-X-Xv
]pXnb ]n-bnse BIvSnw-K-v Cam-amb ]n.Fw. A_vZp JmZn
aue-hn-bmWv. C\mw At-l-n\v Ab-p-sIm-Sp-pI. amkn-I-bpsS
tImn ]Xn-hp-t]mse Pam-Av tI{--fn-tepw Sn.sI. C_vdmlow kmln-_ns Ata-cn--bnse hnem-k-nepw Abp. CsX-gpXp Xn-Xn-hsc (Im \qmv ]nnp) bmsXmcp {]Xn-I-c-W-hpan. C\mw \In-bn. ]n.Fw. A_vZp JmZn auehn ac-W-sp.
At-l-ns hn[-hbvv B kwJy \Im GmSv sN-W-sav th-s--hsc Adn-bnp. I.a i_vZn-n. Hcn- At-lns \mn-ep ASp Abhm-kn-I-fmb Fs Nne kvt\lnX-m XncqmSv hp. Ah-tcmSv Rm Xncn. B \mn-en.
At-l-ns ktlm-Z-c Ahn-sS-bpv. amkn-I-bpsS {]kvXpX
ew Ah-cpsS In sImSp--bp. hnhcw ]d-bm G]np.
Ah A{]-Imcw sNbvXp. A\--an. CXmWv Ckvem-anI hyhn-Xn-bpsS kwm-]-\-n\v kzbw An--s t\Xm--fpsS
Izmfnn. Atm A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS nXn Duln-m-atm.
kp-DuZn Atd-_y-bn Fs {]th-i\w Cm-Xm-m\pw Fs
AhnsS XS-hn-em-m\pw X-hw Ign-bp t{Zml-\-S-]-Sn-I-sfmw
apnb i{XpXmat\m-`m-h-tmsS \n-ln--h-cmWv Pam-As
Ckvem-an-m. Ahv AhnsS e`y-amb apgp-h kzm[o-\hpw
CXn\p thn D]-tbm-Kn-n-pv. ]s, Ah-cpsS Zpcp-tiyw hn^e-ambn. Am-lp-hn\v kvXpXn! ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kn\v FtmSv
Dm-bn-cp hnizm-khpw kvt\l-hp-am-bn-cpp Fs cbvv
Imc-W-am-bXv. \m]-n-bv hj- CS-ap-dn-bmsX \ne-\n
B _w XnIpw BZis-mcp--n A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cpp.
AXv Atlw Xs hn-Jym-X-amb Xqen-I-bn-eqsS ]c-ky-s-Sp-pIbpw sNbvXp. Fm kvXpXnbpw Am-lp-hn-m-Ipp.
ZoLhpw ]hn-{X-hp-amb Cu _w Fs a\--dn-p-sImv
Rm Hcn-epw NqjWw sNbvXn-n. Zpbm-hn F\nv tImSoiz-c-\m-Im Cu _w am{Xw hfsc A[n-I-am-bn-cpp. ]s, Cu
_w ]c-tem-I-n ZrV-ambn, nc-ambn e`n--W-sa-m-bncpp Fs sImXn. Rm {]mn-p-pv. ]c-tem-Iv kzK-

263

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n At-l-ns IqsS {]th-i\w e`n-m. Amlp `mKyw

\Is.
ZnW tIcf PwC--p Dea ]e -hn-Zym-`ymk m]-\-fpw
sa-s \ne-bn \S-p--h-cmWv. inpw _nZv-Apw {]N-cnn-p--Xn ka-kvXsb At]-nv Ah A-]w ]nn-em-sWv am{Xw. Ah-cpsS ]WvUn-X-m-cn A[n-Ihpw inns {]Nm-cI-cmbn cwKv hne-km-dn. ]s, A[n-I-t]cpw B hnizm-km-Nm-c-fp-ambn s]mcp--sp t]mIp--h-cm-Wv Xm\pw. `qcn-]--ns
Xr]vXnbpw AwKo-Im-chpw thW-atm. sXmSn-bq apl-Zv auehnbpw IS- A_vZp Akokv aue-hnbpw Zn-W-bpsS {]K-cmb t\Xm-fpw m]-\--fpsS ta[m-hn-I-fp-amWv. sXmSn-bq
auehn tIcf hJ^v t_mUn AwK-am-bn-cp Imev sI.F.Fw. kwm\ sk{I--dn-am-cn s] Aen A_vZp-d-kmJv aZ-\nbpw
t_mUv AwK-am-bn-cpp. \mep hjw app IY-bm-WnXv. Hcp
Znhkw sXmSn-bq apl-Zv aue-hnbpw IS- A_vZp Akokv
aue-hnbpw tNv XncqmSv hp. Fs ImWm-\m-bn-cpp bm{X.
]s, Ap Rm Dm-bn-cp-n. Fs aI ap_m-dpw laoZpw Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cpp. Aen A_vZpd-kmJv aZ-\n-bpsS F\np Hcp Iv sXmSn-bq aue-hn-bpsS ] Dm-bn-cpp.
kz`mhsshin-jvSyhpw anX-hm-Zhpw {]tXy-I-X-bm-bn-cp At-ls F\nv ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p-Ibpw At-l-ns Bhiyw Ignbp-sa-n \nhr-n-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw sN-W-sav In FgpXn-bn-cn-pp. Bh-iy-an-XmWv. Ah Ccp-hcpw X-fpsS m]-\p-th-n-bp Hcp h s{]mP-Ivp-ambn kpDu-Zn-bn-tev
klmbw tXSn t]mIp-I-bmWv. Ahn-sS-bp {]ap-J-cp-ambn _s-SWw. AXn\v ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kns klmbw e`n-Ww.
Rm Chsc ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-smpw ip]mi sNbvXp sImpw ssiJn\v Iv sImSp-Ww. ssiJv Fs hmp-Iv \Ip hnizm-ky-Xbpw ]cn-K-W-\bpw Ch F-s\tbm Adn-n-cnpp. A_vZpd-kmJv aue-hn-bpsS Iv Ah aIs\ G]np.
hnhcw ]dp. ssiJn-\p ip]mi-v F{Xbpw thKw Abn--W-sav ]d-t]nv aSn. Rm Xncn-s-n-b-tm
hnhcw Adnp. apPm-lnZv sk-dn \np Adnhpw AwKo-Im-chp-an-m Bpw taen Iv sImSp-t FmWv Rm

264

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xocp-am-\n-n-cn-p-Xv. AXn-\m AhnsS _-s--tijw thXv sNmw Fv Rm Ahsc Adn-bnp. ]s, AXn\p sXmp
]ndsI F\nv Hcp hnhcw Inn. IS- A_vZp Akokv auehn GtXm Pmd-nse Hcp t\ ]cn-]mSn DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp-sImv ZpB Cc-p t^mtmbpw hmbpw N{nI Zn\-]-{X-n
hn-cn-pp. CXp I-tXmsS ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kn\v Iv
sImSp- p ]cn- ] mSn Rm Dt]- np. Imcyw aue- h n- t bmSv
FgpXn Adn-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm \nv Iv Xcn-Ibpw
Cu ]{X-hm ssiJns kn-[n-bn Fp-Ibpw sNbvXm
Fs-p-dnv Atlw Fm-bn-cnpw [cn-pI Fv Duln-matm. AXp-sImv C-c-n-ep--hsc ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-mt\m Ahv thn ip]mi sNmt\m F\nv Ign-bn Fv Rm Ahsc Adn-bnp. Amlp Fs htZmj-n \npw AIn.
ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kn-s\-p-dn-p asmcp hnjbw IqSn ]d-bmw.
]gb kw`-h-amWv. tI-dn-hm-sW-nepw ZrV-amb t_m[y-ap--XmWv.
Hcn- kpDuZv cmPm-hn\v C_v\p-_m-kns tcJm-ap-e-ap Hcp
\nth-Z\w e`np. aX-cw-Kpw `c-W-cw-Kpw hcp-t Nne \S]-Sn-I-f-S-p \nth-Z-\-am-bn-cpp AXv. ]cn-tim-[nv cmPmhv AXoh
kp-jvS-\mbn. Atlw ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-ambn Ipsd ]Ww sImSp-bp. ]s, ssiJv AXv \n-]qw \nc-kn-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv.
Xm \Inb \nth-Z\w s]mXp Xm]-cy-{]-Im-c-am-sWpw kzmambn Hpw {]Xo-n-p-n-spw CXv kzoI-cn-p--]w CJvemkn\v tImw kw`-hn-p-sav Xm `b-s-Sp-p-shpw AXn-\m
]Ww Xncn--b-p--Xn amv sN-W-sapw adp-]Sn \In. ssiJns Cu \ne-]mSv sImm-c-n At-l-n\v {]tXyI BZ-chpw
]cn-K-W-\bpw e`n-m \nan--ambn. At-l-ns AKm-[-hnm-\hpw \nkzm-Xbpw ka-\z-bn hyn-Xzhpw cmP-k-Z-n
e`n kzoIm-cy-Xbpw CS-ap-dn-bmsX aptdn. HSp-hn cmjv{S-ns
{Km v ap^vXn-bn Atlw Fn-tp. Zo\n-\p-thn Zpbmhv
thsv sh-tm AXv henb \ne-bn Xs Amlp \In.
BJn-d-n thp-thmfw At-l-n\v Bin-m\pw hI-bpv.
Amlp A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is.
Ah-km-\-ambn ssiJns\ Rm IXv 1997 HSp-hn-emWv. Iq
]nem--d-bn \S sI.F.Fw. kwm\ alm kt-f-\-ns

265

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

{]Nm-c-Wmw sI.sI.lk aZo\n (Beph)bpw lpssk aS-hqcp-samv Rm kpDu-Zn-bn bm{X sNbvXp. IqsS sN-W-sa-p
lpssk aue-hn-bpsS B{K-l-n\v Rm hgn. t]mI-W-sav
F\nv B{K-lh
- p-ap-mbn. th-s-h
- s
- c-sbmw Hp ImWp-Ibpw
kulrZw ]pXp-p-Ibpw sNm-atm. bm{X-bn lpssk aS-hqcpw
lk aZo-\nbpw ]nXr-Xp-ey-amb kvt\l-tmsS Fs {in-pIbpw ]cn-N-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXXv \n-]qw Rm kvacn-s. B
bm{X-bn ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kns\ ImWp-Ibpw kulrZw ]pXp-pIbpw sNbvXp. At-l-n F\nv injyXzw Cs-nepw Hcp
Kpcp-\m-Ys Fm ]cn-K-W-\bpw Rm BZyw apXt At-ln\v \In-tm-n-pv. alm-\mb,- hnime lrZ-b-\mb, kvt\l
k--\mb ssiJv Fs Hcp kplr-n-s\-tmse kvt\lnp.
kvacW am{X-bn Fs tImcn--cn-n-p AXy-]q _-fn Hm-WnXv. alm-mv am{X-ap A]q kz`mhsshin-jv-Syns aIp-tSm-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn-cpp ssiJv A_vZp Akokv-_v\p
A_vZn-m-ln-_v\p-_mkv .CtXm-sSmw Hmn-t Hcp kw`hw thsd-bpv. AXv Fs
_lp-am\y Kpcp-\m-Y sI.Fw. aue-hn-sb-p-dn-mWv. Atlw
BZy-ambn ln\v t]mb-tm a-bnepw aZo-\m-bnepw lmPn-amcpsS kuI-cymw hcp-t Nne ]cn-jvIm-c--fpsS Hcp cq]tcJ Xm-dmn cmPm-hn\v t\cn kan-p-hm B{K-lnp.
]s, ki-\m-\p-aXn e`n-n. \nth-Z\w auehn sImm-c-nse
HutZym-KnI hn`m-K-n G]np. \mn-tev aS-m Pn-bnsen. Atm sImm-c-nse {]tXyI {]Xn-\n[n aue-hnsb
tXSn-sbn. cmPmhv aue-hn-bpsS \nth-Z-\-n hfsc ktm-jnpp F-dn-bnp. AXn\v ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-ambn Hcp kwJy aue-hnv cmPm-hns hI-bmbn sImp-h hnh-chpw Adn-bnp. kpDuZn
Atd-_y-bpsS m]-I-\mb A_vZp Akokv cmPm-hm-bn-cpp
As `c-W-hm-gvN-bpsS Xe-h. alm-\mb Fs Kpcp-\m-Y
tami-a-m B ]mcn-tXm-jnIw Gsd \n-tbmsS \nc-knp. Xs
\nth-Z\w Am-lp-hns {]nb-s `h-\-n-\p-thn Am-lphns s]mcpw am{Xw B{K-lnp sImp--Xm-I-bm cmP-k-n[n-bn AXv Xnc-kvI-cn--s-mepw Am-lp-hns s]mcpw
Bin-m-hp--Xm-sWpw Atlw hn\-b-]qw Adn-bnp. Cu

266

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]mcn-tXm-jnIw kzoI-cn-p-I-hgn Xs CJvem-kn\v Hcp sImp t]mdse-nepw kw`-hn-t-ptam Fv `b-s-Sp-Xv sImp am{X-amWv
Xm CXv \nc-kn-p--sXpw Atlw _-s--h-tcmSv khn-\bw
]dp. hfsc D-X-amb kz`mh hnti-j-X-I-fpsS Hcp ka-\z-b-ambn-cpp Fs {]nb-s DkvXmZv.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

40
ssiJv A_vZp-mlv Da \kzo^v
^lv-Zv cmPm-hns aPvenkpiv-iqd-bpsS sNbam,- dm_n-Xz-p
Be-an Ckvemao (apkvenw thUv eoKv)bpsS sk{I-dn P\-d
Fo \ne-I-fn temI{]i-kvX-\mWv ssiJv A_vZp Da \kzo^v. Ctlw Fs Hcp \ kplr-mWv. Fs kvt\ln-p
D-X-m-cn al-\o-b. F\nv Hpw Al-X-bn-m F{X-sb{X
_--fmWv Amlp HuZm-cy-]qw \In-bXv Ftmp-tm a\-n Ip-t_m-[hpw In Ip-\ocpw! hfsc Ipdv am{Xta- Am-lp-hn\v \n sNm Ign-n-p-q-sh--XmWv Fs
ZpJw. Bin-m-Xpw Al-X-bn-m--Xp-amb Ccw ku`m-Ky-sf-p-dn-tmp-tm, lrZbw Bm-Zn-p-tm s]mSn-bp-Xm-Wv- Ip-\o.
ssiJ-v A_vZp-mlv Da \kzo-^ns IpSpw-_-N-cn{Xw kpDuZn
Atd-_y-bpsS Xs Ncn-{X-amWv. Xulo-Zns\ cmjv{S-ns HutZymKnI BZi-ambn {]Jym-]n-p-hm Xmpw XW-ep-amb IpSpw-_ns Ncn{Xw Fs hmb-\-m-cn Adn-n-n-m--h Adn-tbXpw Adn-n-p--h kvacW ]pXp-t--Xp-amWv. Ct-lns ]nXm-a-l ssiJv apl-Zv \ko^v "Abv\p Abv\m-Pn'
(Pn-bnse {]ap-J-cn {]ap-J) F _lp-a-Xn-t-cn-emWv Adn-bs-n-cp-Xv. B[p-\nI kpDuZn `c-W-Iq-S-ns Hm-as km[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp A_vZp Akokv_v\p kpDuZv. Pn-bn hm
ssiJv apl-Zv \kzo-^ns _wm-hn-emWv Xma-kn-m-dp-m-bn-cpXv. A_vZp Akokv cmPmhv lnPmkv ]nSn-s-Sp-p-tm Xpn-I ]Wn-I-gn-n Hcp ]gb sImmcw am{Xta Pn-bn Dm-bncp-pq. Ct-l-ns aI\pw ]nKm-an-bp-amb kpDuZv_v\p

267

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A_vZp Akokv cmPmhv Cy-bn HutZym-KnI ki\w \Sn-b-tm ssiJv apl-Zv \kz-o-^m-bn-cpp At-ls A\p-Kan D]-tZ-jvSmhv. Cu IpSpw-_-ns {]m[m-\-yw CXn \npw
hy-am-Wtm.
Ct-l-ns ]Z-hnbpw kzm[o-\hpw hy-am-p Ign-hp Hcp
{][m\ kw`hw Adn-tb-X
- p-Xs
- -bmWv. \PvZp h ap lJm-p-lm
(\PvZpw AXn-t\mSp _-s {]tZ-i-fpw)bpsS `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bmbn-cpp A_vZp Akokv cmPmhv. 1910 Ime-am-WXv. Av lnPm-kns `cWw Im-fn-bn-cp-Xv _\q lmjnw IpSpw-_am-bn-cp-p. {_no-jv
tatm-bva-bpsS B{in-X-cm-bn-mWv Ch AhnsS hmW-cp-fn-bn-cpXv. A-h- inn-sbpw _nZv-A-p-I-fp-sSbpw kwc--I-cp-am-bncpp. lnPm-kns\ Ch-cpsS Zp`-c-W-n \npw tamNn-n-p-hm\pw AXp-hgn {_nojv tatmbva apdn-p-am-p-hm\pw Bin-p-Ibpw
{]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp \ a\p-jy Cu- A-h-bn- Zp-:-Jn-X-\m-bn-cp-p.- {]Xm-]nbpw Ign-hp--h-\p-amb A_vZp
Akokv cmPm-hn-s\-bmWv Xulo-Zns hm- {]-Xo--tbm-sSDp-t\m-n-bn-cp-Xv. Xulo-Zns Fm-e-tbpw henb {]Nm-c-I\pw tXcm-fn-bp-am-bn-cp apl--Zv-_v\p A_vZp hlm-_ns A\pbm-bn-I-fm-bn-cpp kpDuZv IpSpw-_w. AXp-sImv Xs hlm_o
aqhvsans\ apkvenw-tem-I-p X-fpsS FXn-cm-fn-I-fn apJy
m\v {_nojv km{amPyw F-pw Ip-sIm-n-cpp. A-hnizm-k-n-e-av InS apkvenw temIs hlm_o {]m-\-ns\-Xn-cn AWn-\n-c-m Fm Icp-fpw {_no-jp-Im Imem-\pkrXw Hcp-n-bn-pv. AtXm-sSmw apkvenw skmssk-nsb `nn-nepw Ah-cpsS X{--fn-ep-m-bn-cpp. Alva-Znm {]m\w
Hcp aX-ambn cq]-s-Sp-n-b-Xns ]nn kwc--Icpw klm-bn-Ifp-ambn hn-Xpw {_nojv `c-WI
- q-Sa
- m-bn-cpp. I{]hm-N-I-\mb
aokm Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm-\n-bpsS Hm-as ktiw Xs
CXn-\p Hmw-Xcw sXfn-hm-Wtm. {_nojv`cWw Cy-bn
\ne-\nm {]mn-t-Xv Hmtcm apkven-an-tbpw \n_-I-S-a-bm-Ip-p Fn-s\ Am-lp XtmSv I]n-n-cp-p-sh-mbn-cpp Cu ZpjvS Xs Hm-as "hlvbv' Bbn ]pd-n-Xv.
JmZn-bm-\nkw {_no-jp-Im-cs XW-en thcv ]nSnp. Ah Xs
shhpw hfhpw ap kwc--W-fpw \In. B kvt\l-kw-c-

268

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ww Cpw CS-ap-dn-bmsX XpS-cp-I-bmWv. Alva-Znm {]m-\ns BtKmf {]Nm-cW tI{w Cpw e Xs. lnp aXn \npw thdnp amdnb knp aXhpw {_no-jp-Im-cs Hcp
shSnv cp ]n-bm-bn-cpp. lnp-sf `nn-n-p-Ibpw knpImsc apkvenw-If
- psS apJy i{Xp-hmn amp-Ibpw sNbvX Cc X{w.
knp-Impw Ah Fm ]cn-c-bpw \In t]mn-h-fn.
]m-f-nepw ap \b-X{ hnlmc cwK--fnepw Ahv KWy-amb
m\w \In. e knv aX-n-sbpw A`b tI{-ambn. Ahcn \nv D-hn Jen-m Xo{h-hm-Z-sa `oIc {]m-\-ns {]Nm-cW Xmh-f-ambn e Xs NndIv hncnp. adp-`m-Kv
apkvenw kaq-l-nse \mp{]am-Wn-amsc Jm _l-Zq ]w t]mep ]Z-hn-I \Inbpw kmam-\y-P-\-sf A-hn-izm-k-fpsS \op-gn-bn Id-m X X{- Bhn-jvI-cnv ]utcmln-Xys klm-bnpw sImtfm-Wn-b-enkw ASn-d Dd-n-p-I-bmbn-cpp. ]s temI-s-hn-sSbpw ke^o aqhvsans\ Xf-m
Hcp \nepw Chv Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n. AXv XIp--Xn-\m-Wh Bbp-[-sa-Sp-Xv. ke-^n-Iv hlm-_n-I Fv t]cv \In. apl--Zp_v\p A_vZp hlm-_pambn ke^o {]m-\s
Iqn-sn.- "\PvZnse ssiXzm' Fv apl-Zv_v\p A_vZp hlm_ns\ hnti-jn-n-m ]ptcm-ln-X-mv ]Whpw t{]c-Wbpw
\In. {_no-jp-Imv hlm-_n-I-tfm-Sp IpSn-I Xom ]e
Bbp-[-fpw hnhn[ Zni-I-fn-eqsS {]tbm-Knp.
AXns] Hcp {][m\ kw`-h-amWv \PvZv \nhm-kn-Isf ln\v
hcp--Xn \npw lnPm-knse {_nojv B{in-X-m XS-Xv.
_\q-lmjnw B[n-]Xyw {_nojv Np-I-ambn {]hn--tm \PvZp-Imv lnPm-kn {]th-i\w \ntj-[n--s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. aqv
hjw Cu \ntcm-[\w I-i-ambn XpSp. Ak-ly-amb Cu
AXn-{I-a-n-s\-Xn-cn t]mcm-Sm Xs A_vZp Akokv_v\p
kpDuZv Xocp-am-\-sa-Spp. hnPbw As-n acWw F kpZrV
\n-b-n Atlw Xs ]m-fs lnPm-kn-tev \bnp. B
hnip bp-n _\q-lmjnw `c-W-IqSw ]cm-Pn-X-cmbn. `c-Wm-[n] cmPyw hntm-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. lnPmkv inns Icm-f-l-kvXn \npw tamNn-X-cp-a-mbn. Xulo-Zns ]XmI DpJp-dm-bn
]mdn--fnp. ]em-b\w sNbvX cmPm-hns\ {_no-jp-Im Ctm-gs

269

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tPmUm-\n IpSn-bn-cpn. AhnsS ""A awe--p DZp-\n-p lmjn-an'' F t]cn Hcp `c-W-Iq-S-ap-mn. Ct-ls
Ahn-Ss cmPm-hmn. Cbm-fpsS sNdp-a-I-\mWv Ctm-gs lpssk cmPmhv. "DZp-\m"bmWv tPmUm-\m-bn-oXv.
lnPm-kn\p thn-bp hnip--bp--hp-ambn _-s {][m\
kw`-h-amWv apl-Zv \zko-^n-tXv. A_vZp Akokv cmPmhv \PvZn \np Xs ]S-tbm--s-p-dnv apl-Zv \kzo-^ns\ apIqn Adn-bn-n-cpp. Xs ]m-f-n\v `y-hn-`-h- ko-I-cnp-X
- n\v Ct-l
- ns klmbw tXSp-Ib
- m-bn-cpp cmPmhv. hnh-cw
e`n DSs\ Atlw Uln-bnse Alvse lZo-kns Ay-\p-ambn _-sp. `W hn`-h- tiJ-cn-m-\p klm-bn-\p-th-n-bm-bn-cpp CXv. Av Gjym `qJ-WvU-n Jp-B\pw lZokpw ASn-m-\-amn aX-{]-t_m-[\w \S-p GI
{]m\w Alvse lZokv Bbn-cpp. B \nev Atd-_y-bnse
ke-^n-Iv Alvse lZo-kp-ambn henb _-ap-m-bn-cp.
Uln-bpsS ]cn-kc {]tZ-i--fn \nv Inm-hp-{X tKmXv
hnev hmn tiJ-cn--sp. Alvse lZokv t\Xm-hns {ia-^e-am-bn-cpp CXv. tKmXv apgp-h KpUvkvhm-K hgn t_mws_bn-tepw Ahn-sS-\npw I amKw Pn-bn-tepw Abp. cp
I \ndsb hs-nb tKmXv apl-Zv \zko-^ns t\Xr-Xzn kqnp. cp amk-mew A_vZp Akokv cmPm-hns
]m-f-n\pw B{in-Xpw `-W-n-mbn Cu tKmX-mWv D]tbm-Kn-Xv. As\ Zp`-c-W-n \npw inv]-c-amb A\m-Nmc--fn \npw lnPm-kns\ ipo-I-cn-m\pw XuloZv kwm-]np-hm\pw Imc-W-amb hnip ka-c-n \nm-bI klm-bnbmbn hn alm ]pcp-j-\mWv apl-Zv \kzo^v .
alm-\-hIsf apJm-apJw ]cn-N-b-s-Sm\pw kvt\l-_w Dd-nm\pw Ffn-b-h-\mb F\nv `mKyw knn-n-pv. Fs Ban{Xw A_vZpd-Du^v asse-_m-cnv apl-Zv \kzo-^p-ambn kvt\l-_w Dm-bn-cpp. aue-hn-bmWv Fs At-l-n\v ]cn-N-bs-Sp-n-bXv. lnv(Cy)Imcmb ke-^n-Isf apl-Zv \kzo-^n\v
henb kvt\l-amWv. ta ]d- _--fpsS shfn--n B
kvt\lw IpSpw_ _-am-m t]mepw Atlw Bthiw ImWnp. Xs aI ssiJv Da Xkzo-^n\v CWsb Is-n-bXv

270

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Alvse lZokv IpSpw-_-nse Hcp Cy-m-cn-sb-bm-bn-cpp. `ohn-bnem-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS IpSpw_w. B hon Hcn- Rm
t]m-bn-pv. B h\nX \smcp ]WvUn-X-bp-am-bn-cpp. Ah-cpsS
Hcp ]pkvXIw Ad-_n-bn {]kn-o-I-cn-n-pv. Hcn- Pn-bn
shv B al-Xn-bp-ambn Rm kwkm-cn-n-cpp. ]s, Ah-cpsS
`mhv ssiJv Da \kzo-^p-ambn ]cn-N-b-s-Sm Ah-k-c-ap-mbn. Rm Cu IpSpw-_-hp-ambn _-s-Sp Imev Atlw
Ata-cn--bn ]Tn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp.
Ct-l-ns aI-\mWv dm_n-Xz-bpsS ap sk{I-dn P\-depw
^lv-Zv cmPm-hns iqdm sNbam-\p-amb A_vZp Da \kzo^v.
R Xn \ kvt\l-_--amWv. G-hp-sam-Sp-hn Xn
IXv 97 HIvtSm-_ amk-n Pn-bn shm-bn-cpp. Pn-bnse
aI-kp-k-Jm^ F {]hn-im-e-amb HmUn-tm-dn-b-n Rm
IqSn kw_-n ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS kt-f-\-n shm-bn-cpp Cu
IqSn-mgvN. Hcp AhmUvZm-\-ap-m-bn-cpp. At-l-amWv AXv \Sn-bXv. Rm t\cs ]d-p-htm 97 Iq ]nem--d-bn
\S sI.F.Fw. kwm\ kt-f-\-hp-ambn _-sv lpssk aS-hqcpw sI.sI. lk aZo\n(Beph)bpw tNv kpDu-Zn-bn
Rm \S-nb ]cy-S\w. lk kmln_v aZo\ Ckvem-anIv bqWnth-gvkn-n-bn \nv _ncp-Z-sa-Sp-n-pv. AXp-t]mse lpssk
aS-hq a-bnse DpJpdm bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bn \npw. R
aqp-t]cpw hnhn[ Ime-L---fn-embn kpDu-Zn-bnse hnhn[ m]-\--fn ]Tn--hcpw AhnsS ]e-\n-e-bn _-ap--h-cp-am-Wtm.
AXp-sIm-mWv sI.F.Fw. t\XrXzw Cu bm{Xbvv Rsf
\ntbm-Kn-Xv.
R Pn-bn-tev hcm _pssd-Z-bnse AJkow Fbt]mn \np-tm F\nv sNdnb s\p-th-Z\ A\p-`-h-sp. Iqp-Im DSs\ tUmIvSsd ImWm ]d-p-sh-nepw Pn-bn
sNn-mImw Fmbn Rm. ImcWw Pn-bn kwL-Sn-n-n-cn-p tbmK-n ssiJv A_vZp \kzo^v ]s-Sp-p-atm. F\nv
At-ls ImWm\pw ]gb temlyw ]pXp-m\pw \sm-c-h-k-c-amWXv. tUmIvSsd ImWm t]mbm Ah AhnsS InS-m\pw ]dtpw. s\p-th-Z-\-bm-Wtm. Atm Cu Ah-kcw \jvS-amIp-sa i-bm Rm Iqm-n-bn. A_vZp \kzo-^ns\ Im-

271

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Wm A{Xbvpw ]qXn-bp-m-bn-cpp. R Pn Fbt]mn

Cd-n-b-tm kplr-p- Imp-\np-p-m-bn-cpp. tbmKw XpSn. Ipdp Ign--tm ssiJv \kzo^v hsn. Fs
I-tm Ap-X-tmSpw AXoh ktm-j-tmSpw Atlw
Fs Bt-jnp. kulrZw ]pXpn. Atlw hfsc Xnc-n-embn-cpp. DSs\ dnbm-Zn-tev t]mIp-I-bmWv. Fs dnbm-Zn-tev
Wnp. sNmmgvN Znhkw Xn ImW-W-sapw Ipsd kabw
Hcp-an-p-Iq-Sm-sapw \n-bnp.
]s, B IqSn-mgvN km[y-am-bn. sImXn--X-tm, hn[n--Xt \Sq. tbmKw Ign--tXmsS F\nv oWw hnp. tUmIvSsd ImWm t]mbn. Ah Fs Bip-]-{Xn-bn InSn. aqpZn-hkw As\ InS-t-n-hp. XpSp ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn \npw
Rm Hgn-tb-n-hp. Fs ip{iq-jn-p-sImv lk aZo\n IqsS-bp-m-bn-cpp. HSp-hn bm{X dmn Rm am{Xw Pn-bn \nv
t\sc \mn-tev aSn. bp.F.C bm{X Dt-in-n-cpp. AXpw dmbn.
ssiJv A_vZp Da \kzo-^p-ambn IqSm-\p Hc-h-kcw \jvS-am-bXn henb tJZ-ap-mbn. Fp-sNpw? dns hn[n-bn s]mcp-s-S-W-atm. ssiJv Da \kzo-^p-ambn _-s asmcp
{][m\ kw`hw hnh-cn-t--Xpv. AXv {]kn-\pw {]K--\p-amb
kn.F. AlvaZv aue-hn-bp-am-bp Fs BZika-c-ns Hcp
`mK-amWv. B Ncn{Xw hnh-cn-p-t-Sv tNp ]d-bp-tmtg AXv
{]k--am-Ip-I-bpq. AXn-\m Xmew amn-sh-pp.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

41
Ipfn-tc-Ip ]T-\-Imew
hnZymn PohnXw Bpw ad-m-\m-hp--X. ]ecpw ]e-hn-[n-emWv B Hm-I Bkz-Zn-p-Xv. Nnev ka-c-ho-cy-n-tXmWv. thsd Nnev ASn-]n-Snbpw ASn-p-s]m-fn-bp-amWv. Nnev
kl hnZymn hnZymn-\n-I-fp-am-bp CS-]-g-I-ep-I-fnse a[pcn-p Hm-I-fmWv. Fm-hpw s]mXpsh \ne-\np kvac-W-I. B Pohn-X-Imew ZrV-amb kplr-Zv_---fpsS hf-bpw Xf-bp-amWv. hnhn[ cmPy--fn \npw h Hcp-]mSv kl-

272

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]m-Tn-I-fp-ambn \mep-hjw CS-]-gIn Pohnp. Bi-b- ssIamdn.

\mSn-sbpw \mp-Im-cp-sSbpw {]tXy-I-X-I ]c-kv]cw Adnp.
hkv{X-[m-cWcoXn-I-fnse sshhn[yw,- `W {Ia-n-se cpNn-t`-Z, kz`m-h-Kp-W-fpw kz`m-h-t-Sp-Ifpw,- F-mw- Atm-p-antmpw Dsmp. sImp sImp ]nW--. NneXv henb
AI krjvSn--Xp-apv. Aym-]-I-sc-p-dnpw ambmsX \np \Xpw No-bp-amb Ipsd Hm-I Fs hnSmsX ]npS-cp-pv. A-c-ns] Hcp henb Imcy-amWv ChnsS Ipdn-pXv. Fs hnm\ km-Z-\-nse Hcp hgn-n-cnhv. henb kvt\l-h-e-b-n\v Al-\m-bn-o A]q Imew. Fm-epw
amXr-I-bmbn FSpp D-cn-m-hp Kpcp-\mY ]c--c-bnse Hcp
amWnIyw. Cs\ ]eXpw Fs Hm-bpsS B aWn-s-n ASn-bn-cn-pp.
tImtf-Pn Rm cmw hj-n-emWv. mkn "XXzv_oIzv'
F t]cn Hcp ]T-\-co-Xn-bpv.- hymI-cW kw_--am-WXv. Ipsd
tNmZy- Kpcp-\m-Y ]d-p-Xcpw. hnZymn-I AXv Fgp-Xnsb-Sp-Ww. tijw Hcp t\mp-_p-n adp-]S- n-sb-gpXn Xm-dm-Ww.
hnj-b-ns ]pXpa Chn-sS-b. hnZymn-I-tfm-sSmw Aym-]I\pw Cu tNmZy-v adp-]Sn FgpXp-w. ASp ]ocn-b-Un DkvXmZv Xm-dm-nb Dcw hmbnpw. hnZymn-I Ah-c-h FgpXnb adp-]S- n-bp-ambn DkvXm-Zn-tXv Hp-t\mpw. tijw Bh-iy-am-b
Xncp--ep-I \Spw. Cu coXn-mWv XXzv_nIv Fv ]d-bp-Xv.
Hcn- Kpcp-\m-Y tNmZy-- X Iq-n Hcp tNmZyw?
""Cam AIv-d-w-XpI'' Fp--Xn "Xp' "I' Fo- cp fao-dp-IfpsS hkvev (tNpI) ^kvev (]ncn-pI) kw_-n \nb-asav? CXv Ad_n `mjm hymI-cW m\-an-m hmb-\-mv
a\-n-em-Ip--X. ]s, CXns ]cn-Wm-a-amWv Fm-hp-ap
al-mb ]mTw.
CXns adp-]Sn Rm hni-Zo-I-cnv FgpXn. "CamD FXv
lkvdns hmmWv. AXm-bXv am{Xw F Aw sImSp-p
]Zw. am{Xw Fp-X
- ns A\p-_w ChnsS aqp hn[-n-em-Imw.
(Hv) Rm F-ap "Xp' F-Xp-ambn _-s--Xm-Imw.
Atm AXns\ ]ncnp ]d-tb--XmWv. ""Cam AIvd-aI A\''
Rm am{X-amWv \ns _lp-am-\n-Xv Fv A-ambn. \ns

273

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

_lp-am-\n-m thsd Bcp-ap-m-bn Fp kmcw.

(cv) "Cam"bpsS Dw (_w) I (\ns F-ap)
F-Xn-t\mSv _-s--XmImw. Atm "Cam AIvdwXp CmI'
Fv ]d-tb-n-hcpw. "\ns am{X-amWv Rm _lp-am-\n-Xv.'
Fw. thsd Btcbpw Rm _lp-am-\n-n-n Fv kmcw.
(aqv) "Cam"bpsS Dw (_w) thsd h-Xn-t\m-Sp-amImw.
""Cam AIvdw-XpI en CanI'' \ns hnm\w \nanw am{XamWv Rm _lp-am-\n-Xv F Aw hp. \ns [\tam ]Zhntbm ap h-Xptam \nan--a-sv kmcw.
"Cam' Fv ChnsS D-Xp-sImv Cu cp cq]hpw hcm-hp-XmWv. "Cam' Cm-bn-cp-p-sh-n AIvdw-XpI Fp-Xs
cp faodpw hkvev BtI--XmWv. CXm-bn-cpp Fs adp-]-Sn-bpsS
cXv\-p-cpw.
DkvXmZv hmbn adp-]-Sn-bn "Cam AIvdw-XpI' F-Xn cp
fao-dn\pw hkvev Xs Fp am{Xta ]d-n-pq. mkv ]ncn-bmdm-b-tm Rm DkvXm-Zns Acn-In sNp. "Cam AIvdwXpI' F-Xn-s\-n Rm Fgp-Xnb adp-]Sn A-v hmbn--W-sav
F\n-smcp At]--bp-v Fv Adn-bnp. Atlw Fs t\mv_pv hmn Xs _mKn shp. \msf Xncn-p-Xcmw Fp
]dp t]mbn. ]s, cmgvN Ign-mWv ]pkvXIw Atlw
aS-n-
-- Xv.- CXn-\n-S-bn Rm ]e-cn-eq-sSbpw Nne Imcy-
Adnp. Sotgvkv dqan Csh ka-bv Kpcp-\m-Y-m Hcpanp IqSn-b-tm Fs Kpcp klm-ym-]-Iv Fs Dcw
hmbn-p-tIn-p-Ibpw Nbvv hnt[-b-am-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp-hs{X! Fm-hcpw Gsd ktmjw {]I-Sn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbn Rm Adnp. Nne Cs\ ]d-p-t]m! Cu hnZymn
\-fn \npw ]Tn-t--h-\. ]Tn-n-t--h-\mWv. Cu kvXp-Xn]mTw hfsc AXnI-hn-b-emWv. Ah-dn-bm Hcp Imcyw Rm
Fgp-Xn-b-X ImcWw. ap hnZymn-I Nqn--d-bm hni-Zo-IcWw Rm sImSpp F-XmWv Cu BmZ {]I-S-\-n\v Ahsc t{]cn-n-Xv. ChnsS \s aYn-p al-mb ]mTw asm-mWv. alm-mcpw hnim-e-a-\-kvI-cp-amb Kpcp-\m-Y-m! Xs hnZymn-sb-p-dnv F{X ]pI-gvn--d-bp--Xnepw ]nipv ImWn-m kv t \l- k - - ! kz- t - mfpw Xs hnZymnsb

274

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Dbn-m-m shp-Ibpw bmX-c-]-Ij-Xm-t_m-[hpw CmsX

a\- ns\ kv t \lhnim- e - a m- m {ian- p- I bpw sNp- - h !
\psS hnZym-`ym-k-cw-Kv \jvS-am-bn-sm-n-cn-p Aym-]I
hnZymn _--fnse aqe-I-!
Jp-B t\mn-sm-n-cn-p-tm Hcp hN\w {i-bn
Xn. A-ssh-]p-ey-m temIs hebw sNp-Xpw A\p`-h--fn Ctmgpw A\z--ambn \np--Xp-amb hN\w! ""]mfn-I-fn A[n-Ihpw ]c-kv]cw AXn-{Iaw ImWn-p-I-bmWv sNpXv.'' (kzmZv 24)
Hm-I-fpsS Xcw-K--fn \npw Hc-\p-`hw sXfn-p-hp.
kpDuZn Atd-_y-bnse Pohn-X-Im-e-p-mb kw`hw. a\-n\v
apdn-th kw`hw Hm-bpsS shfn--n-tev ad- \o-n-h--tm
]Xn-m-p-I Ign-npw a\v Hp-IqSn \odn-b-t]mse. apdnhv
C\n-bpw DW-n-bn-n-sv Atm Adnp. Hcp Iqp-Im-c-\n
\np-mb thZ\. ]WvUn-X-\mWv. Atlw Pohn-n-cn-n. hfsc
{]nb-s--h-\m-bn-cpp. AXm-Wtm Cu thZ-\-bpsS ssZLyw.
DSs\ Rm {]mnp. Am-lpth, Fs kplr-n\v \o s]mdpp-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw \ hn-n-p-Ibpw sNt-Wta!
hnjbw ]dbmw. \psS Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h--fpambn Xn-p-t\m-p-tm sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb _w Dm-bn-qsS-n. Rm\pw Iqp-Im-c\pw ap \npw aZo-\-tv ]pd-sSp-I-bmWv. Atm Hcp ]cn-N-b-m-c dnbm-Zn-ep Xs Hcp
kplr-n\v \Im Hcp kwJy Fs G]np. R dnbmZn Xma-k--e-sn. km[-\- dqanshv ]pd-p-t]mbn.
Xncn-p-h--tm kwJy tamjvSn--s-n-cn-pp. Rm hfsc
hnj-anp. Iqp-Im-c Ftm-sSm--apv. Znh-k-p-ti-j-amWv
tamjvSm-hns\ Xncn--dn-Xv. Fs ASp ]cn-N-b-m-c-\mb Hcp
]WvUn-Xs aI-\m-bn-cpp tamjvSmhv. Xs aI-\mWv Cu If-hns Im-shv \-h-\mb ]nXm-hn\pw t_m[y-sp. Atlw
tJZn-p-Ibpw kwJy sImSp--b-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]W-hp-ambn
h-bm R-fpsS dqan Fn-b-tm Rm ]pd-p-t]m-bn-cnp-I-bm-bn-cpp. dqan-ep-m-bn-cp- Fs Iqp-Im-c B kwJy
kzoI-cn-msX aSn. Rm lmP-dn-m--Xp-sIm- aS-n-bXv.
Fs A`n-{]m-b-h-Imiw Atlw kzbw In-se-Sp-p-I-bmWv

275

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sNbvXXv. h-bm-tfmSv Fsm-stbm ]dp kwJy kvt\l]qw Xncn- - b - p- I - b mWv sNbv X Xv . {]kv X pX ]Wv U n- X s
kvt\lw e`n-p-Itbm At-l-tm-Sp R-fpsS kvt\lw {]IS-am-p-Itbm Fm-bn-cpp Dt-iy-sav \n-b-an. Rm htm henb Hcp Imcyw Xm \n-ln an Atlw kw`hw
FtmSp ]dp. Fs A`n-{]m-b-n-t \S-nb Ah-Imi
It--n \ockw tXmn. Fnepw Hpw ]d-n. anp.
Rm ]dp. icn B kwJy \apv cp-t]pw IqSn `mKnv DSa-\v sImSpmw.
Ipd-p-Zn-h-k-v tijw F\nv tImtf-Pn \npw ss v
Inn. Rm ISw Xom Iqp-Im-c-t\mSv hoXw tNmZnp. Atlw
Xn. F\nv Int-n-bn-cp Ah-Imiw \n kzw A`n-{]mb-n aSn Ab--sX-n\v Fv Rm tNmZnp. AXn\v adp-]-Snbn. as-sm-stbm Ipsd ]dp. F\nv tZjyw AS-m-\mbn. _-s tI{-n Rm \n-sf-p-dnv ]cm-Xn-sSpw
Fv ]d--tm Atlw `bp. ]W-ns DS-a-s\ kao]nv ]IpXn kwJy Rm G]np. Atlw Imcy- Adn-ncpp. ]W-ns DS-a- Fs kplr-p-am-bn-cpp. Atlw
kvt\l-]qw Fs D]-tZ-inp. ""AXp hmt. \n AXv
Abmv hnp-sIm-Sp-tq.'' Rm B D]-tZiw am\np kwJy
apgp-h\pw shp-\on, Atlw \n-tmNw AXv apgp-h kzoI-cnp.
kwJy shp-\o-n-b-tm Fs a\-n Hcp tXm-ep-m-bn-cpp.
At-l-ns D]-tZiw Rm am\n--Xn-\m Fn \npw e`nt kwJy-bn hXpw F\nv hnp-hogvN sNbvXp-X-cp-sav.
AXp-m-bn. F\nv Ah-Im-i-s-Xv Dt]-n-m Abm
Fs D]-tZ-in--Xns am\-ZWvUw Fsv F\nv a\-n-em-bXp-an. ApXw,- ApXw- Xs!
aX-hn-[n-{]-Imcw If-hvt]mb B kwJyv Rm D-c-hm-Zn-bmtI--Xn. Fs A{i--sImtm Ahn-thIw sImtm Imcy-aX Cm-bvI-bmtem \jvS-s--X Cu XpI. AS-n-cp apdn Ipnp-dv tamjvSn--XmWv. Rm AXn \nc-]-cm-[n-bm-Wtm. Rm
IS-m-c-\p-am-Ip-n. Fnpw Rm kwJy apgp-h\pw sImSp-m
Xm-dmbn. F\nv \jvS-]-cn-lmcw Inm Ah-kcw ssIh-Xv Iqp-Im-c Xn-s-dn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Abm-tfmSp hnp-hogvN sN-

276

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m Fs D]-tZ-in kwJy-bpsS DS-a- Fn \npw apgp-h XpIbpw ssI-p-Ibpw sNbvXp! Iqp-Im-cn A[n-Ihpw ]c-kv]-cw
AXn-{Iaw ImWn-p-I-bmWv sNp-Xv F hN\w ]e-tmgpw ]e
A\p-`-h--fn-eqsS Fs a\-n HmSn-sb-n-bn-pv. ]T-\mlamb At\Iw Imcy- Cu hN-\-n A`-hn-n-cn-pp.
kDu-Zn-bnse ]T-\-Im-epw tijhpw Htsd kplrZv _-
F\n-p-mbn. kpDu-Zn-bnepw ]pdw cmPy--fn-ep-ap--h-cp-amb
kplr-p-. bp.F.C,- CuPn]vXv, J, B{^n, ]mIn-m,
tPmUm, ba, _lvssd, Ipsshv As\ \op-t]m-Ipp
AXv. kl-]m-Tn-I-fn ]ecpw ]e cmPy--fnepw DX m\-
hln-p--h-cmbn Dv. J-dnse No^v Pokv ssi-Jv C_v\p-lP Fs kl-]m-Tn-bm-bn-cpp. kpDuZn [\-Imcy hIp-n a{nbm-bn-cp apl-Zv kzmen-lp Aao Ftm-sSmw ]Tn--bm-fmWv. A_vZp Akokv ^mkv hnZym-`ymk hIp-nse DX DtZymK---\mWv. Fs kXoy-\p-amWv. dnbm-Zn \npw F-]Xv Intem-ao- AIse lpssd-an-bm-bn-ep tImtfPv {]nkn-m A_vZp Akokv A Ipd-n^v, ZmZ C^vXm-Cs AAvh ]{X-ns FUn- A_vZp-m-ln ap^venlv, s{]m^-k A_v-Zp Akokv apssh-inZv XpS-nb alZv hyn-Ifpw Fs kl-]m-Tn-I-fm-bncpp. Cs\ [mcmfw t]cpv. an-hcpw D-X
m-\
- pw DtZymK--fn-ep-amWv. Ad_v \mSp-I-fn Npn--d-p-tm ]e-cp-ambpw
_w ]pXp-m\pw Ah-cp-sS-sbmw lrZ-b-]q-amb kvt\lw
Bkz-Zn-m\pw BXnYyw kzoI-cn-m\pw `mKyw e`n-n-p-v. Hmtcmcp--cpw \Ip hncpp km-c
- f
- n ]s-Sp-p-tm Ah-
aptJ\ [mcmfw D-X-m-cmb ]WvUn-X-m-cp-ambpw ap {]ap-J-cp-ambpw _-s-Sm Ah-kcw e`n-n-pv. Ah-cn ]ecpw Fs Hcp
kplr-mbn AwKo-I-cn A\p-`-h-fpw Dm-bn-cpp. Fm
Zmdp C^vXm-Cs sNbam\pw kpDu-Zn-bnse {Km v ap^vXn-bp-ambn-cp ssiJv A_vZp Akokv_v\p A_vZp-m-ln-_v\p _mkv,
a-bnse No^v Camw ssiJv kp_-n Fo al-p--fpsS
]Xn-m-p-I \o CS-ap-dn-bm kvt\l-_w as-n-t\-mfpw
Rm hne-aX
- n-p-X
- mWv. alm]WvUn-X
- mcpw {]i-kvXc
- p-amb Cu
{]K--a-Xn-I FtmSv ImWn-n-cp {]nbw Pohn-X-nse hnIm-c-`cn-X-amb A\L-\n-an-j-sf F\nv {]Zm\w sN-pp. Fp-sIm-

277

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s-m Cu _- aptJ\ Htsd Ckz-v-em-lo m]-\-pw hyn-Ipw {]tbm-P-\-ta-Im Imc-W-ambn FXv Pohn-Xnse henb `mKy--fn F-sp InS-p-p. Am-lp-hns
Xr]vXnpw Zo\ns \pw kXy-ns hf-- pw thn
am{Xta Fm _-fpw Rm D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-n-bn-p-q F
kwXr-]vXn-bn Rm Pohn-pp. Amlp Fn \npw kzoI-cnp-sa-n Rm IrXm-\mWv. Am-lpth!- Fm c-lky-fpw
]c-ky-fpw \o Adn-bp--h-\mWv. Fn \npw \o kzoI-cn-tWta! F-s- ho-gv-N-I- F\nv s]mdpv amm-n--tc-Wta!
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

42
Fs kk-_o
kpDuZn Atd-_y-bnse ]T\w ]qn-bmbn. ]co--bn dn-s
A\p-{K-l-m DX hnP-b-amWv F\nv e`n-Xv. Rm \mn-tev aS-m Hcpn. hnhcw Adn--tm Ad-_n-Ifpw Am--hcp-amb ]e ]WvUn-X-mcpw ap kplr-p-fpw FtmSv AhnsS
XpS-cm D]-tZ-inp. Nne A`ynp. Db hcp-am-\-ap-Xpw
am\y-amb \ne-hmcw e`n-p--Xp-amb DtZymK km[yX Ah F-s
Hmn-np. \mnse Fs nXn-K-Xn-I Adn-bp--h Fs
imknp. AhnsS sNv IjvS-s-Sp--sX-n\v? Fm kpJ-ku-Icy-fpw DX _-fpw ChnsS \nsf Imp-In-S-pp.
Fnpw Adn-p-sImp \n Zmcn-{Zy-n-tev IpXnp sNpI-bmtWm? Hcp-]mSv \ymb-hm-Z-.- ]eXpw bpn-]-c-amWv. icn-bpamWv. ]s, B hne-s A`n-{]m-b-fpw imk-\-Ifpw F\nv
kzoIm-cy-am-bn. ]T\w Ign-m \mn-sen Zo\o cwKp Ignbp tkh-\- sNbvXv Pohn--W-sa-p Bi BZyta a\n Dd-n-n-cpp. Cu ZrV-amb A`n-{]m-b-amWv ]WvUnv s\lvdphns apn Rm shfn-s-Sp-n-bXv. Atd-_y ki-\-n-\nS-bn dnbm-Zn shv s\lvdp-Pnsb ImWm F\npw Iqp-Impw A\p-hmZw e`n Imcyw ap]v ]d-n-p-tm. ]T\w Ignm Fm-Wp-tiyw Fv Atlw tNmZn--tm \mn-tev
aSn AhnsS {]hn-Ww Fv Rm adp-]Sn ]d-Xv

278

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tIhew `wKn-hm--m-bn-cpp. t_m[-]q-am-bn-cpp. Fs IqpIm au\w ]men-Xpw a\x-]q--am-bn-cnmw. Ah Ccp-hcpw aZo\

k-I-em-im-e-bn DtZymKw t\Sn. sa-s PohnX kuI-cy-fpw
e`np. Ad_n h\n-X-Isf hnhmlw sNbvXp. ]noSv AhnsS ]ucXzw km-Znp. AhnsS Xmakw Dd-np. h-tmgpw \mn hv
IpSpw-_m-Zn-I-fp-ambn IqSn ktm-jnp aSpw. Rm Fs a\xkm-n-tbmSv \oXn ]pem Xs Xocp-am-\np. Zpbm-hns
kpJ {]tem-`-\- Fp-sImtm Fs Ae-n-bn. Imc-Ww Zo\o-cw-Kv ]cn-]q kzmX-{y-amWv F\nv thn-bn-cp-Xv. Xulo-Zns {]Im-i-ho-Yn-bn-tev Rm NmSn-bXpw AXn-eqsS \S-Xpw HmSn-bXpw InX-Xpw hni--Xp-samw kzmX-{y-n\p thnbm-bn-cpp. t_m[y-s kXyw kl-Po-hn-I-fn-tev ]I-cWw. hnm\w IqSp-X t\SWw. t\Sp Adn-hp-I ]q kzmX-{ytmsS D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-Ww. hnhcw shp XpS-nb \m apX
Cu ioe-hp-ambn Rm \mSp-\osf bm{X sNbvXp. IqSp-X hnm\w t\Sm-\p D]m-[n-bmbn am{X-amWv DX hnZym-`ym-ks Rm
Bin-Xv.
kpDuZn Atd-_y-bn Zo\o-{]-t_m-[-\-cwKw Fs ioe-v
Hcn-epw tbmPn-p--X. AhnsS kzmX{yw ]cn-an-X-amWv. \-
]Tn-Xpw Adn--Xp-amb Imcy- F{X kXy-am-sW-nepw AXv
Dds ]d-bp--Xn \nb-{-W--fpv. Cym cmPyv \mw A\p`-hn-p ]uc-kzm-X-{yhpw aX kzmX-{yhpw asmcp \mnepw
Rm In-n. A\p-`-hn-n-n. ]e apkvenw \mSp-I-fnepw Ckveman-s\-p-dnv \apv t_m[y-s kXyw Dds ]d-bm kzmX-{yan. Fm Chn-sStbm? \psS cN-\-I tIhew cp ss]kbpsS sNe-hn (Ctm ]Xn-\p ss]k) hnim-e-amb Cym
cmPy-ns GtXXp app-aq-e-I-fnepw Fn-m \apv Ignbpp. ]T-\-cq-]-nepw JWvU\-cq-]-nepw hnai\ coXn-bnepw
CXv A\-p-kyq-Xw \S-p-pv. al-mb Cu kzmX-{y-ns
ta \mw a\-n-em-p-n. ChnsS \np-sImv temIw apgp-h
\psS i_vZw Fn-m Ah-kcw e`n-pp. ""aps apbvv aW-an'' F ]g-sm-p-t]mse.- ]pd-p-t]mbn Pohn--ht
Cu ap-bpsS kpKw Bkz-Zn-m Ignbq. Atm Nne hmZnpw, \mw ChnsS [mcmfw ASn-sIm-p--h-cm-Wtm Fv. AsX,

279

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

icn-bmWv. ]s, ASn-sIm-m Ic-bm kzmX-{y-ap-tm. ]teSpw ASn-sIm-m Ic-bm A\p-hm-Z-an. AXn-\m \mw, apkvenw-I Cu kzmX-{y-s-n a\-n-em-Ww. D]-tbm-Kn-Ww.
Hcn-epw Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s-Sp--cpXv. Nne Xo{h-hmZn t\Xm--fpsS
A-lmkw tIp-tm Rm Nnn-m-dpv. ]p-Zn-h-k-sa-nepw Ch adp-\m-n, {]tXy-Inv tkzOm-[n-]Xy hmgvN-bp \mSpI-fn t]mbn Pohnv A\p-`hw t\Sm--sXv? A-lmkw Ah
Ib-p-aXn sNpp. Fm ASw ]d-nt]mepw AhnsS \npw Ctmv Cd-p-aXn sNm Hp-I-bn. AYhm \S-m B
\mSv ]noSv Ahv ldm-am-bn-ocpw.
Hcp ]{Xw XpS--W-sa-p Fs tamlw hfsc ]g-b-XmWv.
Hcn- Hcp kvt\ln-X Hcp IhnX sNmn tInp. ""shdpsX
Cu taml- F-dn-bp-tmgpw shdpsX tamln-p-hm tamlw''.Hcp-]mSv Ahym]vXn-bp Hcp Ihn-Xm-i-Iew! \S-m Imcyam-sWv t_m[y-ap-m-bnpw shdpsX Rm tamlnp \Sp. apv
Ad_n ae-bm-f-n \S-n-cp A apinZv amknI Xncq-c-m-Snbn \npw ae-bmf en]n-bn ]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-c-W-am-cw-`np. ]{Xm[n-]-k-an-Xn-bn Ftbpw Ah AwK-amn. As\ H-c-sImw
\Sp. AXv apS-n-tmbn. Atm Hcp tamlw!- CXv Gs-Spv
\S-m Ign-bptam Fv Bsc-nepw FtmSv tNmZn-n-cp-sn...? Bcpw tNmZn-n. apISv ]d-bm ss[cyw h-Xp-an.
F.hn. A_vZp-emw auehn,- Adp-]-Xp-I-fpsS Bcw-`-n-emsWv Hm, Hcp amknI XpSn. t]cv "anivIm-plpZm'.- \
]{X-am-bn-cpp. ]s, Hcp hjw \-S-p-, AXpw \nn.- tamlwtXmn. tNmZn-m ss[cy-an. Cs\ AS-m taml-hp-ambn
AS-n--gn-bp-I-bm-bn-cpp Rm. cv {][m\ Imc-W--fmWv Cu
taml-n\v ]nnse t{]cI in-bmbn hn-Xv, cp- th-Z-\I Fv Npcp-n--dbmw.
Rm 1944 apX GXm\pw hj- tImgn-tmSv ]m-f--nbn JXz-o-_mb Ncn{Xw ]d-tm. Am-es Hcp {][m\
kw`-hw \n-tfmSv ]d-n-n. k`-n-\p-thn amn sh-XmWv.
apl--Zen lmPn (FS-bq) Fs ASp kplr-m-bn-cpp. \smcp ]WvUn-X\pw {]`m-j-I-\p-am-bn-cpp. Fgp-Xm\pw Ign-hp
XqenI. Ct-l-amWv tIcf Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS m]I

280

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t\Xmhpw Hm-as Aaodpw. auem\m A_p AAvem auZq-Zn-bpsS injyXzw kzoI-cn-p-hm\pw At-l-tm-sSmw Xma-knv ]cnio-e\w t\Sp-hm-\p-ambn lmPn kmln_v ]m-_nse ]m tImv F e-tv t]mbn. Ncn{Xw Iptd-qSn ]nd-tImv t]mbmte Nn{Xw hy-amIq.
knZv A_vZp AAvem auZqZn hfsc sNdp--Im-ep Xs
]{X{]h\ cwKv tPmen sNbvXv h-bm-fmWv. XpS--n
Atlw Hcp Iyq-Wnv kl-bm-{Xn-I-\m-bn-cpp. i-amb XqenI,
Hgp-Ip ssien, Kn-p A-c-i_vZw Fo khn-ti-j-X-Ifm cN\m cwKv bphm-hm-bn-cns Xs Atlw {in--sp.
kzmX-{y-n-\p-thn Cy P\-X-bpsS CShpw hehpw t\mmsX-bp Iqm-bvav lnp apkvenw t\Xm- XymK-{i-a- \Sp Ime-Lw. kzmX{yw F eyw am{Xw apn Iv
`mhn-sb-p-dnv ZoL-ho-Ww ]pemsX \on-bm apkvenw
kap-Zm-b-n\v t\cn-t-m-\n-S-bp A\m-tcm-Ky-I-c-amb nXn-hnti-j--sf-p-dnv ap-dn-bnv \In-smv auZqZn kmln_v
thdn-smcp i_vZ-ambn ]{X-tem-Iv hnekn. Atlw sslZ-cm-_mZn \npw \S-n-bn-cp DdpZp amkn-I-bn CXp kw_--ambn
teJ-\- FgpXn NnmaWvU-e-n {i-bm-Ijnp. At-lns Nne teJ-\- sI.Fw. aue-hn-tbbpw kzm[o-\np.
auehn Ad-_n-bn-tev AXv sam-gn-am--w- sNbvXp. A apinZv
amkn-I-bn tNp. A apin-Zn Ad_n teJ-\-fpw {]kno-I-cn-m-dpv. Ibv-tdm-hn \npw {]kn-o-I-cn-n-cp A ^Xvlv hmcn-Ibvv am]{X-ambn A apinZv Ab-m-dp-m-bn-cpp.
ta]-d teJ-\- A ^Xvlns ]{Xm-[n-]-cpsS {i
BIjnp. Atlw Xs hmcn-I-bn AXv ]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-cn-pIbpw aqe-te-J-Is t] AXn tNp-Ibpw sNbvXp. hnj-bns {]m[m-\yhpw {]Xn-]m-Z\ coXn-bnse sshin-jvSyhpw ]cn-`m-jbpsS anSppw Hp-tN-tm teJ\w Ad_v temIv Nm
hnj-b-ambn. C-s\-bmWv auZqZn kmln-_ns t] Ad_v temIv {]tXy-I-ambn {in--s-Sm CS-bm-bXv. Rm B teJ-\ A apin-Znepw A ^Xvlnepw In-pv. hmbn-n-p-apv.
F\npw teJ-Is\ Ipdnv henb aXnv Dmbn. IqSmsX cl-v_
asse-_mcn F XqenIm \ma-n Am-ev N{nI BgvN--

281

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xn-n hp-sIm-n-cp kmap-Zm-bnI teJ-\- auZqZn kmln_ns cN-\-Isf Ah-ew-_n-p- sIm-m-bn-c-p-shv ]ecn \npw
tIn-pv.
Cu ]m--e-n-emWv Fs kplrv apl--Zen lmPn
]mtIm-n-tev ]T\ ]cn-io-e-\-n-mbn bm{X-bm-bXv. F\nv
At-l-tmSp CjvSw IqSp-X-em-Im CsXmcp Imc-W-ambn. Amev R Xn kZm In-S-]m-Sp-I \S-n-bn-cpp. Hmtcm
Iv hcp-tmgpw auZqZn kmln-_n-t\m-Sp aXnpw BZ-chpw Fn hn-p-sIm-n-cpp. Atlw Ad-_n-bn hXpw Fgp-Xn-bn-ps-n Ab-p-X-cm Bh-iy-s-p-sImv Hcn- Rm- lm-Pnkm-ln-_n-\v- H-cp- I-v- FgpXn. Atm, auZqZn kmln_v Ad-_nbn Hpw Fgp-Xn-bn-n-spw Fgp-Xm Ign-bp-I-bn-spw \psS
\mnse apkven-bm--sf-tmse InXm_v t\mn a\-n-em-m
Ign-bp nXn-tb-bpq Fpw apl--Zen lmPn adp-]-Sn-bn
F\n-s-gpXn. Fm auem\m Ddp-Zp-hn Fgp-Xn-bXv Ad-_n-bntev `mjm-cw sNbvXv {]kn-o-I-cn-p-hm akv-DuZv Bew \Zvhn
F ]WvUn-Xs t\Xr-Xz-n Zmdp Ddp-_v F Hcp m]\w \ne-hn hn-p-spw AXns {]h-\- Dun-Xambn apt-dp-p-spw Xm \mn-tev aS-p-X
- n\v apv hXpw
A-Sn-n-d-n-bm Ab-p-X-cm-sapw lmPn kmln_v adp-]-Sn-bn
{]tXyIw ImWn-n-cpp. Cu hnhcw Fs a\-n auem-\-sb-pdnv \nd-p-sh-n-c aXn-n\v Fp-sImtm Hcp CSnhv Dmn.
Ipd-p-\mv tijw apl--Zen lmPn ]mtIm-n \npw
\mn aS-n-sbn. Atlw tImgn-tmSv hp. Atm F\nsm-cm-{Klw. At-ls tImgn-tmSv Ckvemlo cwKv Imcyambn Hp ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-Ww. AXn-\p Ghpw Ffp--amb amKw ]m-f--n-bn Atlw JpXz-v_ \S-pI Xs-bmWv. As\ shn-bmgvN Rm At-l-n\v an Hgn-p-sIm-Spp.
At-l-ns {]kwKw lrZ-b-kv]r-m-bn-cpp. t{imXm-v
hfsc CjvS-ambn. F\nv hfsc ktm-jhpw Dmbn. lmPn kmln-_n\v tImgn-tmSv GXm\pw Znh-k- Hcp mkv \S--W-sap B{Klw ]dp. Rm\pw Nne kplr-p-fpw tNv Imbn-bn Hcp amfn-I-bpsS apI-fn e kuI-cy-ap-mn. Atlw
mk-v \Sn. As\ auZqZn kmln_v Ad_v temIv {in--

282

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s-Sm Fs DkvXmZv Imc-W-am-b-Xp-t]mse apl--Zen lmPn

tImgn-tmSpw ]cn-kc {]tZ-ipw Adn-b-s-Sm Rm\pw \nan-ambn. Rm Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS \ A\p-`m-hnbpw Bbnop.
C-s\-bn-cns lmPn kmln_v Imn--cpn F ev
Hcp tbmKw hnfn-p-Iqn. \psS {][m-\-s aue-hn-am-tcm-sSmv
Rm\pw AhnsS lmP-cmbn.- lmPn kmln_v Hcp BapJ {]kwKw
\Sn. XpSp ]ecpw kwkm-cnp. Fm-hcpw ]d-Xv GXmv
Hp-X-s-bm-bn-cpp. Pohn-X-ns Fm hi--sfbpw \nb-{np \nb-a-fpw N-fpw Ckvem-an-\pv. \apv AsXmw \Sn hcp-m Ign-n-n. AXn-\m \psS Zo A]qamWv. \apv AXv ]q-am-Ww. AXn-\p amK- ImWpIbpw AXv \S-n-em-p-Ibpw sNWw. CXm-bn-cpp Npcpw. HSphn-sem-cm ]dp: ""Imcyw \nd-th-p--Xn-\p {]mtbm-Kn-I-amKs-p-dnv kZ-n \npw \nt-i- hcs.'' Atm Nne-scmw NneXv ]dp. AsXmw Rm {in-n-cpp. ]s, Hpw
hy-ambn Xncn-n. apJy {]kw-KI ]d-Xv XmXzn-I-ambn
Fm-hcpw AwKo-I-cnp Fv am{Xw a\-n-embn. HSp-hn Rm
Hcp ]cn-]mSn hnh-cnp. s]sv a\-n DZn--X. hfsc Ime-ambn
a\-n sImp-\-S Hcp B{K-l-am-bn-cpp. CXns Npcpw
C{]-Im-c-amWv. ""ta ]d hnj-b-n DI-WvTm-Ip-e-cmb, a\v thZ-\n-p ]ecpw Dtm. A-s\-bp Ipd-p-t] tbmPnv Ing- {]tZ-iv Fhn-sS-sb-nepw Ipdp Imen-ew IsWw. Cm-ev AXv _pn-ap-p Imcy-a. SuWn \npw
cp aqv ssa AI-se-bm-bn-cn-Ww. ]pg-bpsS kuIcyw DmIWw. Aqtdm Bbn-ctam G `qan hmp-hm kuIcyw Dm-Ww. hmp `qan-bpsS ay-`m-Kv hnim-e-amb Hcp ]nv ew Ip-sh-p-Ibpw ]cn-k-c--fn sImp-sImp hoSp-Ifp-mn Xmakw Bcw-`n-p-Ibpw sNWw. PohnX kuI-cy-nmbn hcp-am-\-amw kzbwsXmgn-en-eqsS Ismw. BSns\
hfpI. tImgn hfpI, ]mb, sIm, In, aS-hm XpSn
ssIth-e-I Adn-bm-hp-Xv ]cn-t]m-jn-n-p-Ibpw ]cn-io-en-n-pIbpw ]--dn-tm-- \p-h-fn hnf-shSp-v kz-ambn D]tbm-Kn-p-Ibpw an-am-bXv am-n Fnv hcp-am-\-ap-m-Ip-

283

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ibpw sNmw. Cs\ [mcmfw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpv. Iq-n Ghpw

Xc-s Hcmsf kaq-l-ns Aao-dmbn sXc-s-Sp-Ww. Fmhcpw At-l-n\v ss_Av sNWw. Atlw kmaq-ln-I-amb
Fm hnj-b-n\pw t\XrXzw \IWw. Bs-nepw h Imcyn\pw ]pdv t]mtI-n-h-m Aao-dns A\p-hm-Z-tm-sStb
]mSpq. B t]mn kl-Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw sImp-sImp Bh-iy Ign-bp-n-S-tmfw \n-lnmw. t]mIp--bm-fpsS A`m-hn Abm-fpsS IpSpw-_-Imcyw Aao-dns {i-bn-em-IWw. Fstm-se-bp--hsc ]pdsa \np--h Hcp {]kw-K-nt\m atm Wn- p- I - b m- s W- n t\cnv Wn- - s - S p- I bpw kza- \ - mse
t]mIp-I-bp-a thXv. C-bmsf Rv Ab-p-X-c-W-sav
Ah Aao-dn-t\mSv Bh-iy-s-Ss. As\ Aao-dns \ntbm-Km-\pk-cWw Imcy- \S-Ww. t]mIp--h-cpsS IpSpw-_-Im-cy-
Abm Xncn-p-h-cp--Xp-hsc Aao-dns {i-bn-em-bn-cn-Ww.
Abm AhnsS \n-ln-p-sIm-n-cp _m[y-X-I-sf-p-dnpw
Aao {in-p Ah--bp-m-IWw. ]n-p-thn Ip-shp ev Xmew Hcp sjv \nnv Ppap-Abpw PamApw mp-Ifpw tbmK-fpw \Smw. AXym-hiyw hnj-b-
]Tn-m DX-Ip hnZym-ebw Dm-p-Ibpw htbm-P\ mp-I
\S-p-Ibpw sNmw. hnZym-`ymkw sXmgn-en-\p-th-n-bm-I-cpXv. a\pjys A-n-s\m--h-w _m[y-X-I \nd-th-n Imcy--a-amb
Hcp PohnXw \bn-p--Xn-\p-X-Ip Adnhpw Ignhpw t\Sp--Xn-\pth-n-bm-bn-cn-Ww hnZym-`ymkw. CtXm-Sp-IqSn GsX-nepw sXmgn ]cn-io-en-p-hm-\p Gm-Sp-Ifpw Bcw-`n-m-hp--XmWv. AXv
hnZym-`ym-k-ns Hcp LS-I-ambn cq]-s-Sp-Ww. hyn-I,
IpSpw-_- Xn \ hgtm hmWta-m Dm-bm Aao-dnt\mSv Bh-em-Xn-s-Sp-Ibpw Aao Am-lp-hns hn[n-{]-Imcw AXv
]cn-l-cn-p-Ibpw thWw. As\ Ign-hns ]c-am-h[n Am-lp-hns \nb-a- ]men-p-sImv Hcp Ckvem-anI {Kmaw \apv sIn-Spmw. hnizm-k-nepw {]hr-n-bnepw Ckvemw Fs\? F
tNmZy-n\v Cu kaqlw CX-cp t\mn-m-Wp D-c-am-bn-cnWw.'' C{Xbpw Rm hnh-cnp.
Fs hnh-cWw Ign--tm apl--Zen lmPn-bmWv BZy-ambn
Fs FXnv {]kw-Kn-Xv. Atlw ]d--Xns BsI-pI

284

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

C-s\-bm-bn-cpp. ""Da auehn ]d-bp-Xv \-sfm-sbpw lnPvd

t]mI-W-sa-mWv. AXn\p ka-b-am-bn-n. AYhm Ctm AXns Bh-iy-an. ChnsS \apv aX-kzm-X-{y-apv. AXn\p ]pdsa
lnPvd t]mbm \psS IpSpw-_--sfbpw Abhm-kn-I-tfbpw
\mp-Im-scbpw kw_-nv ]ns \ap-smpw sNm Ign-bn.
\mw ]cn-{i-an-m \psS ]cn-k-c-amsI kmK-a-h-ew-_npw.
As\ kaq-e-amb ]cn-h-\-n-eqsS \mSmsI \apv kzm[o-\amIpw. As\ Hcp "lpq-as Cemln' ]XmI Dbmw.'-'lmPn-km-ln-_ns {]kwKtijw Rm hopw kwkm-cnp;
Rm Dt-in-m-Xv lmPn kmln_v Fs ta Btcm-]n-n-cnpp. lnPvd Rm Dt-in-n-n. \psS \mp-Im ]ecpw I-h-Sn\pw tPmen-p-ambn cmPyw-hnp ]te-S--fnepw Xma-k-am-n-bn-ptm. A-am Zzo]n ammSv Fpw ]mn-mSv Fpw
t]cp {]tZ-i- cq]w-sIm--Xmbn tIn-pv. Cu \ne-bn-ep
e-amw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW--Xn kwi-b-an. Ch-cp-sS-sbmw
eyw `uXn-I-am-sW Imcyw \mw HmpI. Fm AXn-a-l-chpw ]cn-]m-h-\-hp-amb Hcp ey-n-\p-thn Hcp e-tv
Xmakw amdp-Ibpw BZi-_--n-\-\p-kr-X-amb Hcp sImp kaqls hfn ]cn-io-en-n-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp--Xn A\-\p-h-Z\o-b-ambn Hp-an Fv am{Xta F\nv hmZ-apq. \n-fmcpw
AXn-s\ FXnp-I-bn-sv Rm Icp-Xpp. lmPn kmln-_n\pw
Cu hnjbw FXnp--X. AXp-sIm-m-Wtm Atlw hnj-bns cq]w amn lnPvd F kmt-XnI \maw \In Ah-X-cn-nXv. AsXmpw icn-b. lnPvd-bpsS {]iv\hpw Ctm-gn. ta]d cq]-n \mn Hcp kam-[m\ tI{w \ne-hn hm icnbmb aX-kzm-X{yw A\p-h-Zn--s-Sm kml-N-cy-n \nv
hyn-Ipw IpSpw-_-pw CsXmcp A`-b-tI-{-am-bn-o-cpIbpw Ahsc kw_-n-t-S-tmfw lnPvd sNm-\p Hc-h
hcn-Ibpw sNbvtX-m-sap am{Xw. \mw ]cn-{i-an-m \mSmsI
\m-bn-o-cp-sav ]d-Xv AXn-cp-hn shdpw AXn-tamlw am{XamWv. \mw Hmtcm-cp-cpw Xs F{X-tmfw \m-bn-p-sv
Hcm--]-cn-tim-[\ \S-n-bm GsXm-cmpw CXv t_m[y-amIpw.
Rm \nn. hopw apl--Zen lmPn Fs FXnp kwkm-cnp.- hnjbw app-]-d--Xp-Xs. Rm aqmw Xh-Wbpw

285

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kwkm-cn-m Fgp-t--tm _mp-hn-fnp. tbmKw \nn-shp.

\a-kvIm-cm-\-cw F\nv kwkm-cn-m-am-bn-cpp.- ]s, thsp-shp. ImcWw Ch-cpsS ] Cu `wKn-bmb kwkmcw am{X-amsX thsd-sbm-p-an-sv F\nv tXmn. Pam-As Ckvem-anbpsS tbmK-n BZy-ambn Rm ]s-Sp-Xv Am-bn-cpp.
Ah-km-\-tXpw AXp-X-s-bm-bn-cn-p-sav tXmpp. ]noSv
Rm A-dn-p, auZq-Zn-km-ln_v ]mtIm-n \S-n hcp-nb
]cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn-cpp Rm ]d--sXv. Atm ]ns apl-Zen lmPn CXns\ FXnp-hm-\p Imc-W-sav? Cusbmcp
tNmZyw Chn-sS-bpv. ]s, Dcw Cp-hsc Inn-bn-n. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bp-ambn IqSp-X _-s-S-W-sa-p-m-bn-cp
Fs tamlw AhnsS Ah-km-\np. ]s FXn-ep-m-bn-cpn,- Iptd-Imew hsc.
Hcn- apl--Zen lmPnbpw Rm\pw Hcp kw`m-j-W-n
Bbn-cpp. kap-Zm-b-ns Zpc-h Xs hnjbw. lmPn kmln_v sI.Fw. aue-hn-sb-p-dnv hfsc hfn ]dp. CSv Hcp
hmNIw,- ""At-l-samv lnZm-b-n-tev hn-cp-p-sh-n F{X
\m-bn-cpp'' Fv. Rm A-cm-n sRn. Cs\ ]dbm Fv ImcWw? Ctm Atlw fem-e-n-emtWm? Rm
tNmZnp.- Atlw apivcn-t Fm-bn-cpp adp-]Sn. Rm Amfn-p-t]mbn. Rm hopw tNmZnp; lmPn kmlnt_, Pam-As
Ckvem-anv XuloZv, inv Fo- hnj-b--fn hnti-jm h
hmZ-hp-aptm? Atm FmWv As\ tNmZn-m Fmbn
Atlw. Rm ]dp: ""XuloZpw inpw Fm-sWv Rm
a\-n-em-n-bXv tIcf PwC--p De-am-bpsS Nne {]kn-o-I-c-Wfpw Ah-cn s] Nne {][m-\n-I-fp-am-bp kw`m-j-W-fpw
aptJ-\-bmWv. Rm apv Xulo-Zn Am-bn-cp-p-shv Atm
t_m[y-ambn. As\ Xulo-Zns icn-bmb cq]w {Kln-m\pw
A\p-k-cnv PohnXw Nn-s-Sp-m\pw km[n--Xn dns\ kvXpXnp-Ibpw Af-hv ktm-jn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv Ign-p-Iq-SpI-bmWv Rm.- Fm-en-tm sI.Fw. aue-hn-sb-p-dnv \n
]d-Xv tI-tm Rm hm Hc--c-n-em-bn-cn--pp. Fs
\ne C\nbpw icn-bm-bnt F kwibw tXmn-bn-cn-pp. F\nv
icn-smv hni-Zo-I-cn-p-X-cnI.'' Atm Atlw ]d--Xns

286

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Npcpw C-s\-bm-bn-cpp. tIcf PwC--p Deam Bcm-[-\-bnep XuloZp am{Xta AwKo-I-cn-n-pq. lpq-a-n-ep XuloZv AwKo-I-cn-n-n. \psS tI{ kwm\ Khsap-I-sfmw Xz-mKq-p-I-fmWv. Khsans\ \nb-{n-p \nb-a-L-S-\bpw
icn-bmb Xz-mKqv Xs. Xz-mKqo lpq-a-ns\ A\p-k-cn-
inpw Ip^vdp-amWv. AsX-s\ hp Fp Rm hopw
At\z-jnp. Atm Xs adp-]Sn: ""Cu Khsa v Xz-mKq-msW--Xn \nv X-an-tm. Xz-mKq-n\v C_m-Zv Fpsh-m Xz-mKq-ns\ A\p-k-cn- F-ambn. AXv inmsW--Xn bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an. tI{ kwm\ km-cp-ItfmSv A\p-k-cWw ImWn-p-sIm-t sI.Fw. auehn Pohn-p-Xv?''- CXm-bn-cpp At-l-ns \ymbo-I-cWw.
Rm hm Hc-h--bn-embn. Xe ac-hn--Xp-t]mse. Pohn-Xn Cs\ Hc-h AXn\p app-m-bn-n. Cs\ Hcp hmZw
CXn\p apv tIn-p-an. C_m-Z-n\v A\p-k-cWw Fw shm lmPn-bpsS hmZw icn-bmWv. Cu Khsan-t\mSv A-Sw
]men-p--h-scmw Im^n-dp-Ifpw apivcn-p-I-fp-amWv. Rm ]dp: F\nv CXv Xopw ]pXnb Hcp hnj-b-amWv. Rm Hp
]cn-tim-[n-s, IqSp-X ]Tn-s. R Xmew ]ncnp.
As\ Rm hfsc ]cn-tim-[n-p. cp thZ-\-I Fv Rm
t\cs ]d-p-htm.- AXn Hm-as thZ-\-bm-bn-cpp CXv.
Xulo-Zns kwm-]-\-n-\p-thn PohnXw Dgn-p-sh, IpSpw_-n \npw kaq-l-n \npw Gsd ]oU-\- kln-psImv Ckvemlo cwKv XymKw sNp Fs Kpcp-\m-Y\pw
Kpcp-Xp-ey-cmb kl-{]-h-Icpw apivcn-p-I-fmbn Xs PohnXw
hy-am-p-I-bm-sW--dn-m AXn]cw Hcp thZ\ as-mWp-Xv?Rm ]Tn-p-Ibpw ]cn-tim-[n-p-Ibpw [mcmfw t]cp-ambn Nbn Gs-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. sI.Fw. auehn FgpXnb- ""Ap-BD
h C_m-Zv' F ]pkvXIw hmbnp. Aa-\m amkn-I-bn
Atlw Fgp-Xnb ZoL-amb teJ\w hmbnp. AXns\ JWvUnp-sImv {]t_m-[\w amkn-I-bn AXns ]{Xm-[n-] Sn. aplZv kmln_v Fgp-Xnb teJ\ ]c-c hmbnp. AXmWv ]noSv
Ckvem-anse C_m-Zv F t]cn ]pd-n-d-nb Pam-As

287

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ckvem-an-bpsS HutZym-KnI ]pkvXIw. ZoL-amb ]T\ ]cn-tim-[-\I-fn \npw F\nv Hcp Imcyw t_m[y-sp. Ckvem-ans Xulo-Zn Pam-As Ckveman Hcp s]mfn-s-gpv Xs \S-n-bncn-pp. Xulo-Zn AXn-`-b--c-amb _nZv-Av A-h-X-cn-n-n-cnp-p.- \-p-sS- k-tlm-Z-c-m-cm-I-s,-- km-ln-Xy-n-s- an-\p--nIp-a-bn th-hn[w ]cn-tim-[n-msX,- Ckvem-ans `cWw \Sn hm hfsc \-Xt F AXn-tam-l-ns I\ Iv
HmSm XpSn. HmSn-tbmSn Ipg-bp-I-b-msX Hcnv sh-ns \\hv A\p-`-hn-m Ign-bp-I-bn. Fm Bcm-[-\m-]-c-amb inns\ FXnp-Ibpw XuloZv m]n-p-Ibpw sNbv-Xm- ChnsS
bmsXmcp sIn-p-Sp-p-an. ]s, AXv tIhew imJm-]-chpw \nm-c-hp-ambn IcpXn km[y-a-m kwKXn eyw -shv Ah hw
Id--pIbpw \w Xncn-bp-Ibpw sNpp. hni-Zmw-i- Ht-sdbpv. Npcp--n "k] honse kz]v\-Po-hn-I' F hntijWw Chv A\p-tbm-Py-am-Ipp. Cu ]ng-hn \npw Ahsc
DWm thn Rm ]-te amK--fnepw {]th-inp. Hpw
icn-bm-bn.
A_p AAvem auZq-Zn-bpsS {K- ]eXpw apl--Zen
lmPn hnh\w sNbvX-Xv ae-bm-f-n {]kn-o-Ir-X-ambn.
AXn BZy-tXv dnkmte Zo\n-bmv F DZp {K-ns
]cn-`m-j-bmWv. "Ckvemw aXw' F t]cmWv {K-n\v \In-bXv.
"auZq-Zn-bpsS Ckvemw-aXw'- Fp ]d-bp--Xm-bn-cnpw icn. B
{K-n Ckvem-ans \mUn Rcv apdn-p ]te Xo{h `oIc
hmZ--fp-apv. AXn Ghpw Kpcp-X-c-am-bn-p-Xv apl-Zv \_n
bpsS {]hm-N-I-Xz-ns sXfn-hp-I F `mK-amWv. {]hm-N-IXzw
\_n- Binp t\Sn-b-Xm-sWv auZqZn hni-Zo-I-cn-n-cn-pp.
AXn-\p-thn ]nWn InSp lrZ-bhpw akvXn-jvIhpw \n-e-amn. tLmc-amb X]v A\p-jvTn-p-sImv lndm-Kp-l-bn Ign-pIq-Sn-sbpw HSp-hn Atlw Bin Imcyw lrZ-b-n s]ssmcp Znhkw hp \nd-p-shpw auZqZn B ]pkvX-I-n
P]n-n-cn-pp. `mc-Xob ]pcm-W--fn aljn-am B{Kl
k^-eo-I-c-W-n-\mbn Xt]m-h-\--fn ]nWn InSv- sImSpw
X]v A\p-jvTnv CjvS-tZ-hs\ Xs apn lmP-cm-p-Ibpw
Bin hcw Ic--amn ZnhyXzw km-Zn-p-Ibpw sNp Ht-

288

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sd IY-I-fp-tm. {]hm-NI t{ijvT-\mb apl-Zv \_nsb Ccw IY-I-tfmSv D]-an-p-I-bmWv CXn-eqsS \S-p-Xv. Jp-B-\n\pw
lZo-kn\pw {]Xy--n- X-s- hncpam-b- {]kvXm-h-\-I-f-m-WnsXm-sbpw F-v Adn-bm Hcp aZvdkm hnZymn t]mepw Cu
kap-Zm-b
- n-en. Fn-cns Cu `bm-\-I-amb Ifhv FgpXn {]N-cnn-p auZq-Znbpw AXns\ Iqks-es\y ]np-W-p--hcpw Ckvem-ans an{X--f-sv Dds ]d-bm \psS ]WvUn-X-m aSn
ImWn-Xv At-bw Zpcq-l-ambn A\p-`-h-sp.
Kbv_n (AZr-iy-Im-cy-) hniz-kn-p-I-sb hnjbw Ckvem-anse auenI {][m-\-amb kwK-Xn-bmWv. Am-lp-hn-ep hnizmkhpw Am-lp-hn\p am{Xw C_m-Zv sNpI FXpw Cu hnizmk-ns aqe LS-I-amWv. Jp-B Bcw-`n-p-Xp Xs ""AZo\ bpAvan\q-\ -_n Kbv_v'' Fv Adn-bn-p-sIm-m-Ipp. kqva-X-bp--hmWv Cu {Kw amK-Zi-\-am-Ip-Xv Fv ]dp-sImv XJvh-bpsS Hm-as D]m-[n-bmbn Kbv_n-ep hnizm-k-s hnip--Jp-B Dbn-m-p-p. aXw aX-am-Ip-Xp
Xs Kbv_n-ep hnizm-k-ns ASn-m-\-n-emWv. Fm aXfpw AZr- i y- a mb hnizm- k - n- e - [ n- j v T n- X - a mWv . Kbv _ n- e p
hnizm-k-ns hnI-e-X-I-fmWv Ckvem-an \npw ap aX-sf
thXn-cn-p-Xv. Fm hnizmk sshI-ey--sfbpw Xncpn Kbv_n-mb hnizm-k-ns kwip--amb cq]-amWv Jp-B\pw \_n-Ncybpw a\p-jys\ ]Tn-n-p-Xv. CXn\v `uXn-I-amb kam-\-X-I-fn.
DZm-l-c-W--fp-an. Fm auZqZn kmln_v "Ckvemw -aXw' F
{K-n-eqsS AXn-a-l-mb Cu tI{ _np-hns\ XnIpw `uXnI-am-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. hgn-b-dn-bmsX he-bp Hcm hgn-b-dnbp BtfmSv tNmZn--dnp Atlw ]d hgn-bn-eqsS bm{X
sNpw. tcmKn-bmb a\p-jy hnZ-Kv[-\mb Hcp `nj-Kz-cs \ntiw
]menpw. \nb-a-a-dn-bm Hcm hniz-kvX-\mb Hcp ho-ens
klmbw tXSn aptm-p-t]mIpw. Cs\ DZm-l-c-W- \nc-nb
tijw auZqZn ]d-bp-I-bmWv. Npcp--n `uXn-I-amb GsXmcp
hnj-b-nepw Adn-hn-m--h Hc-dn-hp BfpsS D]-tZiw t\SnbmWv aptmp t]mIpI. CXn-\s{X Kbv_v AYhm AZr-iy-Im-cy-fn hniz-kn- Fp ]d-bp-Xv.
Ip^vcn-v shn-n-f-p {]kvXm-h-\-bm-WnXv. `uXn-I-amb

289

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hnj- b - Fv {]tXyIw Atlw Dun- - d - n- c n- pp.

Atm GsXmcp \nco-iz-c-hm-Znbpw Kbv_n hniz-kn-p--h-\mIp-atm! Cu kXy-\n-tj-[-ns hmN--kp-I-sf-p-dnpw
\psS ]WvUn-X-m au\w ]menp. Cuam Imcy- Bsdw
Fm-Wtm klo-lmb lZo-Yn-eqsS {]hm-N-I ]Tn-n-p-Xv.
Fm auZqZn Cu {K-n AXv Amn Npcp-n-bn-cn-pp. Jp-B-\n Am-bn-mWv ImWp-Xv. AXp-sImp Rm\pw
AXv As--ambn \nP-s-Sp-pp F [mjvSy-ns {]IS\w Cu {K-n ImWmw. Jp-B-\n hn-p hnizmk Im-Zn-I-fpsS hni-Zo-I-cWw \apv ]Tn-n-p-X-cm Amlp Ab
Kpcp-\m-Y-\mb apl-Zv \_nsb AwKo-I-cn-p GsXmcp hnizmknpw Ccw {]kvXm-h-\-I `qj-W-a. InXm-t_mXn bYm-
hnm\w t\Snb ]e ]WvUn-X-mcpw Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS
sImSn-o-gn AWn-\n-cp. Ah auZq-Zn-bpsS Kpcp-X-c-amb hyXnbm-\-sf ]c-ky-ambn \ymbo-I-cn-p-Itbm au\w Ah-ew-_n-pItbm sNbvXp. Ckz-vemlo cwKv {]K--cmb ]Wv-Un-X-m
th{X Dm-bn-cpp. Fm Cu kXy-\n-tj-[--s-Xn-cn
\mhpw t]\bpw Dbm Ah-cn A[n-I-]-hpw kabw Isn-bn. hyn-]-c-ambn h-hcpw kwibw tNmZn-m CsXms
Kpcp-X-c-amb sXp-I-fm-sWv Ah ]dbpw. ]s, A-c--fneqsS a\p-jy-cpsS _pn aWvU-e-n-tev IS-p-I-bdn Iymkdmbn cq]-s-p-h-cp AXn-`-b--c-amb Cu hgn-tI-Sp-I-sf AXlnp Kuc-h-n {]Xn-tcm-[n-m ChnsS Xm-sd-Spp In.
Fm lpq-as Cem-ln-bpsS hm--sf \ne-bn ChtcmSv kl-hnXzw ImWn-m hfsc t]sc ImWp-Ibpw sNpp.
40Ifn auem\m auZqZn ]mtIm-nse Ppam-a-kvPn-Zn \Snb JpXv_-I-fpsS kam-lm-c-amWv JpXv_mv F {Kw. aebm-f-n CXv {]kn-o-Ir-X-am-b-tm kmln-Xym-`n-cp-Nn-bp hmb\-mn-S-bn henb kzoI-cWw e`n-p--Xmbn Ip. ]ecpw
Bhn-m-hnv hmbnv sImn-cn-pp. ]Tn-p--Xn-t\-m Bkz-Zn-p--Xn-emWv hmb-\-m-cn A[n-Ihpw Xm]cyw
ImWn-n-cp-Xv Fv A\p-`-h-n \npw Rm a\-n-emn.
Ap-X-hW JpXv_mv hmbnp Xo Hcp _pn-Po-hn-tbmSv

290

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AXn-ep Kpcp-X-c-amb Hcp sXv Rm sXcy-s-Sp-n-b-tm

AXn A-s\-bptm Fv ApXw Iqdp-I-bmWv Atlw
sNbvXXv. {K-n \nv Rm AXv Nqn-m-Wn--tm-gmWv
Xm Ap {]mhiyw CXv hmbn-npw Cu sXv {i-bn s]n-sv Ip-t_m-[-tmsS Atlw k-Xn-Xv. CXv Hscm--s A\p-`h-a. {]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-n Ckvem-ans ASn-d s]mfn-p-amn
]Icw thsdmv {]Xn-jvTn-p-I-bmWv JpXv_m-n-eqsS auZqZn
kmln_v sNbvX "Ckvem-anI tkh\w'. Hp-cp DZm-l-c-W-
am{Xw Nqn-m-Wnmw.
""kzw `c-W-an-m Zo\ns nXn `qan-bn m]n--s-Sm Hcp k hoSp-t]m-se-bmWv''""Amlp \psS ta \n_--am-n-bXpw Ckvem-ans s\Spw-Xq-Wp-I-fm-n-b-Xp-amb \-a-kvImcw, t\mv, kImv, lv
Fo Bcm-[\m I- A\p-jvTn-p-Xp sImp am{Xw
Amlp Xr]vXn-s-Sp-hm, Ch CXc aX--fn-te-Xp-t]mse shdpw
Nne ]qP-Itfm hgn-]m-Sp-Itfm Xo-bm-{X-Itfm A. t\sc adnv
Kuc-h-X-c-amb Hcp Dt-iy-n-mbn \s Hcp-p-Ibpw al-mb
Hcp {]hr-nv \s ]cn-io-en-n-p-I-bp-amWv Ahsb \n_-am-n-b-Xns bYm Dtiyw. Fm Cu Hcp--tbpw ]cnio-e-\-sbpw Ipdnv thp-thmfw {]Xn-]m-Znp Ign nXnv CsXmw GsXm-ns\ Dt-in-m-bn-cp-pthm B ]ca eyw
Fm-sWv \nsf Adn-bn-t kabw Ctm Bk--am-bncn-pp. Npcp--n a\p-jys ta a\p-jy Xn-jvS-{]-Imcw
`cWw \S-p-I-sb k{-Zm-bs Dq-e\w sNbvXv Ahs
ta Am-lp-hns am{Xw `cWw m]n-p-I-sb--XmWv B ]ca
ey-sapw AXns\ {]m]n-t--Xn-\mbn khpw _en-I-gnv
]cn-{i-an-p--Xn-\-emWv PnlmZv AYhm ka-c-sav ]d-bp--sXpw
\a-kvImcw, t\mv, kImv, lv Fo-Xp-I-I-sfmw Xs Cu
alIr-Xy-n\v a\p-jys\ k--\m-m-\p--Xm-sWpw ]dm aXn-bm-Ip--XmWv.'' (t]Pv 389390 cmw ]Xnv. JpXp_mv).- apAvan\mb a\p-jys ]c-a-eyw Am-lp-hns Xr]vXnbpw ]c-temI tam-hp-am-bn-cn--W-sa Kbv_n-bmb \n_--\bpsS ASn-v auZqZn Cf-n-amn ]Icw `cWw m]n-p-I-sb
Dtiyw ]c-a-e-y-amn. \n_-hpw sFn-I-hp-amb apgp-h

291

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

C_m-Z-p-Ifpw Am-lp-hns Xr]vXnbpw {]Xn-^-ehpw Bin-psIm-m-bn-cn--W-sa k-{]-[m-\-amb \n_--\bpw AXn-\p-thn-bp {]m\m-\-n_--amb a\-p-am-bn-cn-Ww hnizm-knsb
Nen-n-t--sX auenI {][m-\-amb s\Spw-XqWpw auZqZn XIp. Fmw `uXn-I-amb A[n-Imc {]m]vXnsb eyw-shp sImm-bn-cn--W-sav kanp. Pnlm-Zns\ `cWw ]nSn--S-m-\p
Hfn-tm ka-c-amn hymJym-\np. Npcp--n Fs B-kplrpw Nn-I-\p-amb tUm. Fw. Dkvam (\ne-q) {]kvXm-hn-Xp-t]mse Iayq-Wnv N-q-Sn-\p-n Ckvem-ans\ ss{^w sNm auZqZn t]\bpw _pnbpw D]-tbm-Kn-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. Hcp
amIvknv A\p-`m-hnbpw ]Tn-Xm-hp-ambn- s]mXp-cw-K-tv IS-ph auZqZn thdn-smcp hynXzw {]I-S-amn {]i-kvX-\m-Im
{ian-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-sXv tXmpp. Ckvem-ans\ Iayq-Wnv
Hfn-tm amXr-I-bnepw c-kmn ka-c-hocyw Ipn-shpw djym
ssN\m tamU hn-h-n-eqsS Pnlm-Zns\ Ah-X-cn-n-p-sImpw
apkvenw kaq-ls Hcp kmbp[ka-c-n\v k-am-p- {]{In-bbmWv JpXv_m-n-eqsS A-t-lw- sNbvXXv. Bob {]m[m-\yns he-b-n, AZr-iy-hn-izm-k-ns ASn--d-bn kan-s Ckvem-anI hnizm-k-fpw PohnX ho-W-hpw tIhew
`uXn-I-amb A[n-Imctaml-ns ]cn-th-j-n auZqZn hnIr-Xamn. {]hm-N-I-mv ]cn-N-b-an-m Hcp Ckvemw, AXm-bn-cpp
auZq-Zn-bpsS Ckvemw aXw! Cym D]-`q-J-WvU-n Ckvem-anI
Xo{h-hm-Z-ns hnv ]mInb Ij-I auem\m auZq-Zn-bm-bn-cpp-shv ka-Im-eo\ Xo{h-hmZ `oI-c-hmZ Nn-I-sf-bpw {]h\--sfbpw A]-{K-Yn-m t_m[y-am-Ip Hcp bmYm-yw am{XamWv.
hnZq-c-amb Zpjv^-e- Imc-W-am-p Hcp h hn]-m-WnsXv Fs a\v XpS--nte a{np. hni-Zmw-i- \nc-m\p cmjv{Sob X{--Xbpw ZoLho-Whpw F\n-n-m-bncpp. Rm tXSn-tm-bXv BZi-ns ASn-m\ ine-bn-te-mWv. sI.Fw. auehn apivcn-m-sWv apl--Zen lmPn kwi-b-teiat\y {]Jym-]n ImcWw tXSn-bmWv Fs a\v \on-bXv. A\nkvem-anI `c-W-Iq-S-sf A\p-k-cn-p-Xv hn{K-lm-cm-[\ t]mse
inm-sW hmZ-amWv CXn-\p-t]m-_-e-I-am-bXv. Am-lp Am-

292

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

-hv C_m-Zv sNbvX-h Im^ndpw apivcn-p-am-sW- Imcyn bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an. C_m-Z-ns bYm Aw
A\p-k-cWw Fm-Ip-tm Amlp Am--hsc A\p-k-cn-p-h- apivcn-m-Ip-sa--Xn cp ]-an. Ctm Cu `c-W-IqS- hn{Kl kam- \ - - f m- I pp. Ah- t bm- S p A\p- k - c - W w
inpw Ip^vdp-am-Ipp. CXmWv auZqZn aX-ns apJy ktiw.
auZqZn ]dp: ""Hcp apkvenw F \nev Fs ho-Ww
CXmWv. Cy {_nojv km{am-Py-Xz-n \nv ap-am-Ip-I-sbXv bmsXmcp \nebpw hnebpw Aln-m Imcy-amWv. {_nojp- I m- c s `c- W - n \nv Hgn- h m- p- Xv emC- e m- l - b psS
Bibw am{Xsa BIp-pq. \ntj-[-a. tijw nco-I-cn-p-sXv? F-XmWv ImX-emb hiw. Fm kzmX-{y-n-\p-thn-bp Cu ka-c-samw km{am-PyXz ssZhs IpSn-bn-dn P\m[n-]Xy ssZhs `c-W-n-te-m thn-bm-sW-n apkven-ans\
kw_-n-s-S-tmfw cpw bYm-n Xpey-amWv. emp
]Icw a\m hp F-Xn Ignp hyXym-k-sam-p-an. Hcp
I-ssZhw asmcp I ssZh-ns m\-mbn.' (knbmko
Iiva-Ijv `m. 3, t]Pv 9798)
""Deq-ln--ns A-n cmPXzw, `c-W-IXrXzw Fo
Bi-b- IqSn Ds-n-cn-pp. Cem-lns GI-Xz-n Cu
cv A-nepw Am-lp-hn\v ]p-Imsc k-Xn-m-Xn-cn-Ww.''""Hcm Am-lp-hns I]-\-bpsS Ah-ew-_-an-msX am-cp-sSsb-nepw I]\ \n_--ambpw A\p-k-cn-t--Xm-sWv hnizkn-p-p-sh-n Amlp Am--hsc hnfnp {]mn-p--h sNp inv t]mse Xs Hcp inmWv Atlw sNpXv.''auem\m auZq-Zn-bpsS hmp-I-fm-Wn-sXmw. CXn \nsmw
kpXcmw sXfn-bp Hcp hkvXpX ImWm-Xn-cp-p-IqSm. apkvenw-I
Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-mepw, GXv ]cn-X-n-Xn-bn-em-bn-cp-mepw \yq\-]tam, `qcn-]-tam F thXn-cnhv {in-msX \mn \ne-hnep A\n-kvem-anI `c-W-hy-h-n-Xn-s-Xn-cn Ipw sapw adv t]mcm-SpI. `cWw ]nSn-s-Spv Xm-\v Ckvem-anI cmjv{Sw m]n-pI. CXv hnp-ho-gvN-bn-m \n_ _m[y-X-bm-Ipp. Am--]w Ah-cpsS Cuam\pw Ckvemapw A]q-amIpw

293

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fp am{X-a, apivcn-mbn Pohnv apivcn-mbn ac-W-a-S-bp

Ah Ah-cn kwPm-X-am-Ip-Ibpw sNpw.
CXv Xo{h-hm-Z-a-msX asm-p-a. `mhn-bn `bm-\-I-amb `oI-chm-Z-n-te-p NphSv shp-Iq-Sn-bm-sWv Fs a\v ]dp.
Fp-am-Is, Ckvem-ans BXy-nI eyw AXm-sW-n hnizm-kn-I-fpsS kaq-l-n\v `mhn-bpsS KpW-tZm-j--sf-p-dnv Nnnv Akz--am-Im ]mSp--X. hnip--amb B ey-{]m-]vXnmbn kzbw An-pI Xs-bmWv IS-a-bm-bn-p-Xv. ChnsS Ht\m--n eyw ]cn-ip--am-sWv ]WvUnX ]mac hyXym-kat\y tXmpw hn[w hnjbw Ah-X-cn-n-p--Xn auZqZn kmln_v Gsd-psd hnP-bnp FXv k-Xn-msX h. AXp-sIm-mWtm auem\m hlo-Zp-o Jm, afq \pAvam\n,- Aao Alvk Ckvemlo, akv-DuZv Bew \Zvhn XpS-nb {]i-kvXcpw {]K-cp-amb ]WvUnX Nn-I-m auZq-Zn-bpsS ^pssSw A\p-bm-bnI-fm-bn-oXv. CXn BZys aqv alZv hyn-I-tfbpw Rm
t\cnv Adnbpw. a-bn shv ]cn-N-b-s-Sm ]e-tm-gmbn Ahk-c-ap-m-bn-pv. afq \pAvam\n Pam-As Ckvem-an-bn
cm-a-\m-bn-mWv hmgv-s-n-cp-Xv. ap cp -t] Fgp-p-Imcpw
Nn-I-cp-ambn JymXn t\Snb hyn-Xz--fm-bn-cpp. Ch aqv
t]cpw auZq-Zn-bp-am-bp _w ths-Spn kzX-{-cmbn {]hn-p Ime-mWv Rm ]cn-N-b-s-Xv. Hmtcm-cp--tcmSpw
Rm tNmZnp. \n Fp-sIm-mWv Cu _-n \nv Hgnhm-bXv? aqv t]cpw aqv Imc-W--fmWv ]d-Xv. Fmw auZqZn
kmln-_n-s\-p-dn-p hyn-]-c-amb Bt-]--fn \nn-]vXam-bn-cpp. auZqZn \_n-N-cyv henb {]m[m\yw \Im-sX-bmWv
]e hnj-b-fpw A]-{K-Yn-p-Xv Fm-bn-cpp Hcp adp-]Sn. kwL-S-\-bn auZq-Zn-bpsS GIm-[n-]-Xy-s-p-dn-m-bn-cpp asm-cmv ]d-bm-\p-m-bn-cp-Xv. auZq-Zn-bpsS IpSp-mb kmaq-lnI
Nn-sb-p-dn-mWv thsd-sbm-cm-fpsS Bh-emXn. Cu IqSn-m-gvNbpw Nbpw ]e L--fn-em-bn-cpp F Imcyw Iq-n ]dbs. Rm tNmZnp; ""CXn\v ]cn-lmcw Ffp--as? auZqZn kmln_ns\ ]c-tam-X t\Xr-Xz-n \npw Hgn-hmn Cu ]d-b-s
tZmj-n-c-bm-bn-n--m \nv B m\w hln-m-atm.
AYhm Acw Hcp t\Xm-hns\ Is-n-bm {]iv\w ]cn-lr-X-

294

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

am-btm. AXn-\p-thn bXv\n-msX \n ]nWn amdn-bXv

Fs\ \ymbo-I-cn-m-\mhpw? F\n--dn-tb-Xv asm-mWv. auZqZn DZvtLm-jn-p Xulo-Znepw AXns A hymJym-\-nepw \nv h `nm-`n-{]m-bhpw Dm-bn-cp-pthm?''- aqv t]cpw
BZyw ]I-p-\np.- \nan-j-p tijw ]dp: As\ Dmbn-n. ]ns-n\v ths-p-t]mp? Cu tNmZy-n\v Ah aqpt]cpw adp-tNm-Zy-amWv FtmSv tNmZn-Xv. ""\nn-Xn h
BZihyXn-bm-\hpw Is-m Ign-bp-ptm?'' Dv, Rm
]dp. auZqZn Dbn-m-p Ckvemw -aXw {]hm-N-I-m-cpsS
Aym-]-\--fn \npw Xptemw hyXy-kvX-amWv. AsX-s\?
Ap-X-tmsS B al-p- tNmZnp. Rm ]dp: Amlp-hns\ am{Xw Bcm-[n-pI, asm-n-t\bpw Bcm-[n-m-Xn-cn-pI,
CXmWv {]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-n XuloZv. {]m-\-bmWv Bcm-[\.
(Ap-B-D- lph- C_mZ). Cu sImp hmIy-n-eqsS apl-Zv
\_n C_m-Z-ns\ \n-Nn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atm {]mY-\tbm-sS-bp apgp-h I-fpw Bcm-[-\-bpsS hIp-ns]-Spp.
Cu {]m\ Am-lp-hn-t\mSv am{X-a-bn-cn--Ww. AXmWv Xulo-Zv
AYhm H-bm-.- {]m\ ap in-I-tfmtSm hyn-I-tfmtSm
hkvXp--tfmtSm Bbm AXmWv inv. Cu inv ]msS Dt]nv {]m\ Am-lp-thmSv am{X-am-p--h-\mWv aph-lvlnZv.
Hmw Ien-a-bpsS Xm]cyw CXmWv. {]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-n XuloZv. auZqZn kmln_v P]n-p XuloZv At-l-ns kzw
hI-bmWv. C_m-Z-n\v A\p-k-cWw, ASn-aw, Bcm-[\ Fo
aq--fp-sv Atlw hmZnp. Ch aqpw Xulo-Zn kp{][m-\--fm-sWpw Atlw iTnp. ^mXnlm- kqd-nse "Cm-\Av_pZp' F k-{]-[m-\-amb hN-\-ns hymJym-\-n
Cu XXzw Atlw I-i-ambn Fgp-Xn-tp. AtXmsS XuloZv
tIhew cmjv{So-b-t{]-cn-X-amb Hcm-i-b-ambn.- Xcw-Xmgv A\n-kvemanI `c-W-Iq-S--sfbpw hyh-n-Xn-I-sfbpw A\p-k-cn-p-Xv _nw_m-cm-[\ t]mse inpw Ip^vdp-am-bn-op. CXn \np
tamN\w PnlmZv am{X-amWv.- Cu PnlmZv tIhew \mhp-sImpw
t]\-sImpw am{X-am-Ip-Xv XnIpw A-iq-\y-amWv. k
km-l--tfmsS Fgp-tv A_--amb ASn--d-bn m]n-s `c-W-Iq-S-sf ]nSn-p-amn ]Icw kp_--amb Ckvem-anI `c-

295

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

W-ns kwm-]\w am{X-amWv ]cn-lm-c-am-bn-p-Xv, inn

\np tamN\w Atm-gmWv bmYmy-am-Ip-Xv. kzw `c-W-anm Zo\ns nXn `qan-bn m]n--s-Sm shdpw Hcp k] hoSp-t]m-se-bmWv Fv auZqZn hnti-jn-n-Xv Cu A-nemWv. CXv Am-lphpw dkqepw ]Tn-n Zo Atm. Fs Cu
hni-Zo-I-cWw {in-p-tI B ]WvUnX {]K- A-cmn kvXw`n-p-\np. Ah Hcp ]pXnb h-am\w tIp
hnIm-c-hn-p-_v[-X-bn-em-sWv F\nv tXmn. GXm\pw \nan-jv tijw Ah ]dp. C{X henb A]-ISw CXn A`-hn-n-p-s Imcyw R-fpsS Nn-bn CXn\p apv hn-n.
Ah F\n-p- thn {]mnp. Fs t{]mm-ln-np. Cu ZuXy-\n-l-W-hp-ambn aptm-p-t]m-Im Fs D]-tZ-inp. Fm
[mnI ]np-Wbpw Ah hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. Rm Fs dns\ kvXpXnp. Ahv \n ]dp.
aqv almhyn-Xz--fp-ambn aqp k`--fn Dmb Cu
A\p-`-h-IY Rm ChnsS hnh-cn-Xv, t\cs ]d Hcp hnj-bns sXfn-hn-te-mWv. Xs eyw ]cn-ip--am-sWv alm
Nn-I-m-cmb ]WvUn-X-msc t]mepw sXn--cn-n-p--Xn hensbm-c-f-thmfw auZqZn hnP-bn-n-cpp Fp Adn-bp--Xn-\p-th-nbmWv. CtX A]-ISw Xs-bmWv temI {]ikvX ]WvUn-X-{]-K-cmb ssiJv A_vZp Ako-kp_v\p _mkv, auem\m A_p
lk Aen \Zvhn XpSnb- Htsd al-p-sf auZq-Zn-k-ns
A\p-`m-hn-Itfm AXn-s\-Xn-cn ]Xn-m-p-It- fmfw Dcn-bm-SmsX au\nItfm Bbn-cn-m t{]cn-n-Xv. tIc-f-nse Ckz-vemlo ]WvUnX-m-cn Kpcp-Xp-ey-`m-h-tmsS Rm BZ-cn-p ]ecpw \ni-_vZcm-b-Xns ]nnepw CtX tNtXm-hn-Im-c-am-bn-cpp Fv F\nv
t_m[y-am-bn-pv. ]e-L---f-nembn Fm-hpw kXyw t_m[ys-Sm Ign-p-sh-Xv Bim-h-l-ambn.
auZq-Zn-k-ns ]pdw-tXm-Sn s]mXn hen-sbm-c-]-ISw amIvknv Nnm-K-Xn-bm-bn-cpp. F\n-nXv a\-n-emn-Xv Fs
B-kp-lrpw Fgp-p-Im-c\pw {]kw-K-I\pw Nn-I-in-tcm-a-Wnbp-amb tUm. Dkvam kmln-_m-bn-cpp. eyw amKs \ymboI-cn-pp Fm-Ws{X amIvkn-kv-v- XXz-i-mkv{Xw. eyw hnip-am-sW-n amK- A-s\-Xs Bbn-sm--W-sa-n.

296

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

[mnI kZm-Nmc am\p-jnI Nn-Iv AhnsS m\-ap-m-bn-cn-cpXv. ey-{]m-]vXn-mbn Atm-g-tm {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn tXmp amK--fn-esS apt-dpI. Ih, sIme-]m-XIw, Dq-e\w
sN, Hfn-tm-cp-I, {]Xy-m-{I-aWw XpSn GXp amK-hp-amImw. AhnsS `mcy, a, IpSpw_w, Kpcp--m, kplr-p-
Hpw XS--am-bn-qSm. shn-am-Ww. AXn-\p-thn hmcn-pw
apX F.sI. 47 hsc. AXnepw hep-Xp-s-n AXp-amImw. sXmgn-emfn hKm-[n-]-Xy-amWv eyw. AXn-\-\p-Iq-e-am-m Ign-bp-sXpw kZm-Nmcw Xs. AXns apn XS--am-Ip--sXm-sbpw Zpcm-Nm-c-hp-amWv. Atm eyw amKs \ymbo-I-cn-pp.
Iayq-Wn-k-ns Cu XXz-im-kv{X-amWv auZq-Znkw Bhm-ln-s-SpXv. sNdp--Im-ev Hcp amIvkvdvdv kl-bm-{Xn-I-\m-bn-cp auZqZnv CXv Ckvem-ap-ambn _n-n-s-Sp-m Gsd {ia-s-tS-n -hn-p-m-bn-cn-p-I-bn. Ckvem-anI `c-W-hy-h AYhm lpq-as Cemlo \S-n hcp-pI F-XmWv eyw. hnNm-c-tm hnIm-c-n\v m\w e`n-p {ih-W-kp--c-amb ap{Zm-hmIyw! Atm eyw ]cn-ip--ambn. AXn-tev Fn-t-cm-\p
amK-tfm? AhnsS hnipn Hcp apJy LS-I-am-tI--Xn. BZi-hy-Xn-bm-\-amImw. Im-th-i-amImw. Xncp-hm-Ztam Xo{h-hmZtam BImw. `oI-c-hm-Z-am-Ip-Xpw tZmj-a. clky kwK-a-fpw
]c-kym-{I-a-W--fp-amImw. J_ ]qP-I-cmb _tdhn-Isf t]mepw
Iqm-fn-I-fmmw. Xulo-Zns bYm- {]Nm-c-I-msc ""Zo\pw Zpbmhpw cmn, Ckvemw Zo\ns\ Xpmn'' Fv ]cn-l-kn-psIm-n-cnmw. Bbp[ km-l--tfmsS PnlmZv \Sn tXmn
Ipg-en-eqsS hnhw Pbnmw. lpq-as Cemln F hnip
ey-{]m-]vXn-mbn hnip--a-m GXp amKhpw kzoI-cn-m-hp-XmWv. CXmWv auZq-Zn-bpsS "JpXv_mv' F ASn--m\
{Khpw ap A\p-_- {K--fpw apkvenw-Isf ]Tn-n-p-Xv.
\a-kvImcw, t\mv, kImv, lv XpS-nb \n_ It]mepw `cWw m]n-m-\p ]cn-io-e-\--fm-bn-mWv \nfpsS ta \n_--am--s-n-p--sX bmYmyw CXn\p apv
\nsf Bcpw ]Tn-n-n-n Fn-{]Imcw auZqZn JpXv_m-n-eqsS
hnfw-_cw sNbvXp. Hc-e-mc `mj-bn ]d-bs, JpXv_m-n ]dn-p kXy-ns hmNIw, ""Cu bmYmyw CXn\p apv

297

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\nsf Bcpw ]Tn-n-n-n'' F-XmWv. kXy-amWv. \qdp-i-X-am\w

kXy-am-WXv. Amlp As\ ]Tn-n-n-n. {]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-nn-n. kzlm-_n-I As\ hymJym-\n-n-n. ke-^p-z-m-en-lotf-m, ]qn-Itcm B[p-\n-Itcm Bb ap^-n-dp-Itfm Nn-I-mtcm CXv ]d-n-n. Npcp--n auZq-Znv apv temIv Hcp
a\p-jy\pw ]cn-]m-h-\hpw t{ijvT-hp-amb Cu Bcm-[\m Ia--sfp-dnv C{]-Imcw ]Tn-n-n-n. Atlw am{X-amWv Cs\ ]Tn-np-Xv. AXv kXyw Xs. auZq-Zn-bpsS aX-nse kXyw!!
Cym alm-cmPyw kzmX{yw t\Sp--Xn\p apv cNn--s auZq-Zn-bpsS JpXv_mv, kzX{y km-Z-\-n\p tijw hf-q-dp
ap-tXSn auZqZn ]m-n-m-\n-tev hn Ib-dn-b-Xn\v tijhpw
Cy-bnse hnhn[ `mj-I-fn At\Iw ]Xn-p-I-fn-eqsS {]N-cn-n-sp. tIcf Pam-As Ckveman AXns ap-Wn-bn \np.
m]I Aao-dmb apl--Zen lmPn Xs-bm-bn-cpp JpXv_m-ns ]cn-`m-j-I. JpXv_mv ae-bm-f-n \memw ]Xnv A-Snbn Ccn-p-tm 1971 G{]n ew {]t_m[w amkn-I-bpsS Ih
t]Pn AtX-p-dnv C{]-Imcw Hcp ]c-ky-ap-m-bn-cpp. ""Ckvemans hnizm- k m- Z i- - s fbpw I]- X n- t bbpw \a- k v I mcw,
t\mv, kImv, lv Fo Bcm-[\m I--fpsS bmYmy-sfbpw Ckvem-anse Pnlm-Zn-t\bpw bpn-]qw hni-Zo-I-cn-p Hcp-a {Kw''.- hni-Zo-I-c-W-nse bpn Fsv \mw a\n-em-n-btm. kzX-{y-n\p apv {_nojv B[n-]-Xy-Im-ev
{]tXyI kml-N-cy-n cNn--s--Xm-sWv Hgn-I-gnhv ]dp
hnai-\--fn \npw c-s-Sm Pam-Av t\Xm- ]e-tmgpw {ian-n-pv. AXv XnIpw hymP-amWv. 1971 G{]n ew {]t_m[\w amkn-I-bpsS apJ-{]-kwKw CXv sXfn-bn-pp. AXn \npw
Hcp `mKw ChnsS D-cn-p-Xv DNn-X-am-bn-cnpw.
""aXw a\p-jys kzImcy Pohn-X-n am{Xw ]cn-an-X-am-tXm-sWpw cm{o-b-n AXn\v {]th-i\w \I-cp-sX-p-ap hmZ-K-Xnv Cv IqSp-X {]Nmcw knn-n-pv. tdmam km{amPy-ns XIp tijw bqtdm-n {]Nmcw knn Cu NnmKXn apkvenw-I-fn-tev hym]n-n-Xv Ckvem-ans _-i-{Xp--fmb
Nne Hmdn-b-en-p-Ifpw {InkvXob ]mXn-cn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-p-shv
Ncn{Xw sXfn-bn-pp. tJZ-I-c-sav ]d-bs, C-v Cu- Nnm-K-Xn-

298

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bp-sS Ipg-eq-p-Im-cmbn cwKv hn-cn-p-Xv apkvenw-I XsbmWv. Ckvem-ans\ AXns X\-Xmb cq]-n {]N-cn-n-p--Xn-\v
thn Acbpw Xebpw apdpn cwKv h [oc-c-mb apPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw
Ckvem-ans Apw A`n-am-\hpw \ne-\np--Xn-\p-thn
{]hn-p-p-shv hmZn-p apkvenw cmjv{Sob kwL-S-\-Ifpw
kp-n-tbpw Pam-A-n-sbpw ]mZp-I-m-Sp-I am{Xw A\p-[mh\w sNp-p-shv tLmjn-p ]W-v-Un-X-tIm-hn-Z-m-cp-samw
Hmbn \np-sIm-mWv Ctm Ckvem-an cmj-{So-b-an, aXs cmjv{So-b-hp-ambn Iqn-p-g--cpXv Fsms ]pc-p-dv Ibdn hnfn-p-Iq-hp-Xv. a\p-jys kmm PohnX cwK-am-Ip cmjv{Sob kmaq-lnI aWvU-e-sf XnIpw hnOn--amn \nn,
kzImcy Pohn-X-n A\p-jvTn-t Nne BNm-c-fpw Bcm-[\-Ifpw am{Xw ]Tn-n-p AXn ipjvI-amb Hcn-kvem-ans\ Chv
FhnsS \nv Inn Fv F{X Btem-Nn-npw a\-n-em-Ip-n. JpB As\ ]Tn-n-n-n. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS A\p-I-c-Wo-b-amb PohnX-n \nv AXnv amXr-Ibpw e`y-a.''Ckvem-an cmjv{So-b-an Fv X-f-m--h-scms ]d-bpp
FmWv Pam-As Ckvem-an-m-cpsS hmZw. As\ hmZn-p
bmYm-nXn-I-sc-tmepw Cv ImWm km[y-a. Ckvem-an
hyn, IpSpw_w, kaqlw, cmjv{Sw Ch-sb-sbms _m[n-p
\nb-a-\n-t-i--fpv. In-t`-Z-sas\y Fm-hcpw AwKo-I-cn-p
Imcy-am-WnXv. apkvenw kaq-l-n\v `cWw e`y-am-bm F-s\bmWv `cn-t--sX--Xn\p Ckvem-an hy-amb amK-\nt-i-fpv. Hcp-]mSp hnj-b- IqSn-bm-tem-N-\p hnp sImSp-n-p-apv. `c-W--e-hs\ Fs\ sXcs-Sp--W-sa--Xn\v \nb-X-amb
Hcp cq]w Ckvemw \nt-in-p-n. Hmw Jeo^ A_q-_-dpw
cmw Jeo^ Dadpw aqmw Jeo^ Dkvambpw Xnc-s-Sp-s-Xv hyXykvX cq]--fn-em-bn-cpp. `cW \nb-a- `cWw
Im-fp--h \S-m-Ww. `c-W-an-m--htcm? Ahcpw `cW cmjv{Sob \nb-a- \S-m--W-sa Xo{h-hm-Z-amWv Pam-As Ckvem-an-p-Xv. \mw hntbm-Pn-p--Xn-hn-sS-bmWv. kImv \Im
am{Xw k-n-m--h kImv F Ckvemw Imcy--fn
aqm- a - s hnjbw Fs\ \S- mpw?! \S- m- t - - X n;
Abmp AXn-\-\p-k-cnp-- Cu kv ssIh-i-am-Ipw-hsc,

299

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

FmWv \mfn-Xp-hsc apkvenw-I a\-n-em-n-b-Xv. Fm, AXp

]n-. Ckvemw Imcy--fnse Hcp Imcyw \S-m-msX apkven-am-Ip-sX-s\? AXp-sIm--h kImv \Im am{Xw [\-an-sn BZy [-\w AXn--\-\p-k-cnv km-Zn-p-m-Ww, Fnv
kImv sImSp-Ww. CXp-t]m-se-bmWv Pam-A-p-Im-cpsS hmZw.
cmjv{Sob \nb-a- \S-n-em-m `c-W-an-s-n `cWw t\Sn-sbSp-Ww. Cu Xe-Xn-cn hmZw Ah-cpsS kzw hI-bmWv. JpB-\ntem lZo-kntem AXn\v sXfn-hn. A_vko-\n-b-bn-tev
cp Xh-W-bmbn \qtdmfw klm-_n-I lnPvd t]mbn. aZo\m
lnPvdp tijhpw ]e-cp-a-hnsS Xma-kn--Xmbn Ncn{Xw hy-ampp. A\n-kvem-anI `c-W-Iq-S-am-bn-cp--p A_vko-\n-b-bn \ne\n-n-cp-Xv. B `cWw amm-s\m-pw klm-_n-I Xp\n-n-sv
am{X-a,- Ah-cpsS AXn-Yn-I-fmbn kam-[m-\-tmsS AhnsS Pohnp-I-bm-W-h sNbvXXv. Ah ]q--ambpw hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-s AhnsS Pohnp Fv apkvenw-I hniz-kn-pp.
eyhpw amKhpw ]cn-ip--am-bn-cn-Ww. CXmWv Ckvemw
\Ip ktiw. Hcp apkven-ans BXy-nI eyw Am-lp-hns Xr]vXnbpw ]c-temI tam-hp-amWv. ey-{]m-]vXn-m-bp
amK-amWv {]hm-N-I-Ncy. CXn\p hncp--amb amK- sXc-sSp-p--h\pw sIn--a-p--h\pw AXnnv ]pd-m-Ipp. hynbpw IpSpw-_hpw kaq-lhpw cmjv{S-hp-samw Cu \n_--\-Iv hnt[-b-amWv. CXv adn-I-S-p-I-bmWv auZqZn sNbvXXv. eyhpw
amKhpw kzbw sXc-s-Spp. AXn-\m auZq-Znkw AmsS h-y-am-Ipp. At\Iw sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ]n_-e-n F\n-nXv
At-bw t_m[y-sp. t_m[y-s kXyw ]c-am-h[n P\--fn
Fn-Ww. {Kw cNn-p--Xn-t\-m ^e-{]-Z-ambn F\nv
tXmn-bXv Hcp ]{Xw XpS-p--XmWv. {K-]m-cm-b-W-n\v km[m-c-W-msc kw_-n-t-S-tmfw ]e ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp-apv. Hcp
t\mokv hmbn-p--h Hcp teJ\w hmbn-p-sIm--W-sa-n.
teJ\w hmbn-p--h Hcp {Kw hmbn--W-sa-n. JpXv_Ifpw ap {]kw-K-fpw apJm-apJ ]cn-]m-Sn-bm-b-Xn-\m Bi-b-
a\-n-tev Xpf-p-I-bdpw. temI-K-Xnsb Xs amn-a-dn-Xpw \qmp-Iv tijhpw temIw {in-p--Xp-amb {]kw-K- Dmbn-pv. {]hm-NI t{ijvT-\mb C_vdmlow \_nbpsS {]kwKw.

300

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kzw ]nXm-hn-t\mSpw \wdqZv cmPm-hn-t\mSpw kwh-Zn B hmpI kl-{km-_vZ-v tijhpw \mw Bth-i-tmsS ]mcm-bWw sNpp. dkqbpsS BZy {]kw-Khpw Ay-{]-kw-Khpw
As\ Xs. {]hm-N-IXzw e`n--tijw IpSpw-_m-Zn-I-tfmSv sNbvX
BZi {]`m-j-W-amWv Hm-as {]kwKw. Hm-a-tXpw Ahkm-\-t-Xp-amb lv Iw \n-ln tijw hnim-e-amb Ad^
ssaXm-\n-bnse Ipn ]pdv \np-sImv e-n]cw A\pbm-bn-I-tfmSv {]hm-N-I \S-nb Ncn-{X-{]-kn--amb {]`m-j-W-amWv
HSp-hn-es {]kwKw. cpw Ncn-{X-nse A\L-tc-J-I-fmWv.
thsd-bp-apv {]kwK Ncn-{X-. temIw Dd-p-tm Cy DWn-cn-pp Fp XpS-p Ph-lem s\lvdp-hns kzm-X{y-Zn\ ktiw. ""F\nv kzmX{yw Xcq AXn-s-n kzmX{y-ap Cu `qan-bn J_m Xcq'' Fv Kn-p-sImv
e-\nse h-tai kt-f-\-n shv auem\m apl--Zen
Pul \S-nb {]kwKw. temI-N-cn-{X-n kqcy AkvX-an-m km{am-Py-ns N{I-hn-bpsS apJv hnc Nqn ""an
tPmv''- Fv Aednb auem-\-bpsS kwt_m-[-\-bn sRn-hn-d {_nojv AXn-Im-b-I-mpw Ah-cpsS k-m\ ]c--c-Ipw
B {]kwKw Hcn-epw ad-m Ign-bn,- Cy ^mkn-p-I AXv
Ipgn-p-aq-Sn-bmepw icn. tdmam km{am-Py-ns N{I-hn-bmb
Pqen-bkv koksd Iqm-fn-I tNv {Iqc-ambn h[n tijw B
ihw Npa-p-sImv P\-a-[y-n-tev k[ocw IS-p-h amv
B-Wn-bpsS {]kw-Khpw {]kn--amWv. ""Iznv Cym'' Fv hnfw_cw sNbvX alm-m-Km-n-bpsS {]kwKw. apkvenw-eo-Kns\ NIp-Xnc Fv s\lvdp Bt-]n--tm ""]WvUnvPo, CXv Dd-nn-S-p knwl-amWv''- Fv Kn Fs _lp-am\y kplrv kn.Fv. apl--ZvtIm-b-bpsS {]kwKw. CXp-t]mse a\p-jy-e-sf {Xkn-n A]q {]kw-K- ]e-Xp-apv. At\-Imbncw a\p-jy-a-\-p-Isf- Bthiw sImn-p-Ibpw a\-p-I-fn \npw a\-p-I-fn-tev IpSn-tbw \Sn Pohn-p-Ibpw sNp
{]kw-K-!
]s, Rm F \nmc Pohn Cu cwKpw tim`n--h-\.
h-am\w ]d-bp--Xp-t]mse {]kw-Kn-p-sImv ssans apn-
\np Fs Ign-hp-I hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cpp. AXpw Ahn-

301

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sS IqSn-bn-cn-p--hsc am{Xsa F\nv tIn-m Ignbq. Fm Hcp ]{X-ap-s-n ae-p-d-n-cp-p-sImv Uln-bn-ep--hcpw

K^n-ep--h-cp-amb ae-bm-fn-I-tfmSv F\nv kwkm-cn-m Ignbpw.
Ahcp-am-bn- kw-h-Zn--m- I-gn-bpw-.- A-d-_n-bn- H-cp- te-J-\w- X-m-dmn- A--Sn-m- ap-kv-enw- temI-p ]WvUn-X-m-cp-ambn F\nv
Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \Smw. Hcp sImp- ]{Xw thWw. AXv- F-s
AS-m Bth-i-ambn.- auZq-Zn-k-ns A\n-kvem-an-I-Xbpw
BZi-hy-Xn-bm-\hpw P\-a-[y-n-tev Fn-t-Xv Fs Hgnp-Iq-Sm I-hy-am-bn-cpp. Rm Htsd `uXnI kuI-cy-
hntv Atd-_y-bn \npw kztZ-i-s-n-bXv AXn-\p-th-n-bmbn-cpp.
Hcp ]Xn-m-ns {ia-I-c-amb Imn-cn-n\p tijw 1971 s^{_ph-cn-bn Fs tamlw ]qh-Wnp! kk-_o ss{Xam-kn-I-bmbn
XpSn. Hcp hjw Xocp--Xn\p apv 72 P\p-h-cn-bn amkn-I-bmbn
AXv hfp. Hmw ew apX kk-_o-ens ap{Zm-hmIyw
"kzX-{-ambn Nnn-pI, Bsf t\mmsX sXfnhv t\mpI' Fm-bn-cpp. IpSn-m cpNnbpw kpJ-hp-ap ip]m\obw F-mWo ]Z-ns kmcw. hnizm-kn-I-fmb kv{Xo]p-cp-j-mv kz-Kn shv \I-s-Sp ]m\o-b-amWv kk-_o. Cu t]cpw
At\I hj- Acp-a-tbmsS Fs a\-n kqn-p- sh-XmWv. Fs {ia-^-e-ambn t^mp-sIm-n-bn Hcp akvPn-Zn\v ew hmn-b-tm B ]nv kk-_o akvPnZv Fv Rm
\ma-I-cWw sNbvXp. Rm Hcp {Sv cq]o-I-cn--tm kk-_o
{Sv F t]cnp. B t] Fs Bm-hns `mK-ambn. Fs Xncqm-Sp hoSn-s\bpw kk-_o lukv Fv hnfnp.
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS BZi hyXn-bm\w t_m[y-s Imew apX am\y-amb \ne-bn Ah-cp-ambn kwh-Zn-p-hm Rm
hfsc {ian-n-pv. Fm thZ-\n-p Zpc-\p-`-h--fmWv F\np-m-bXv. kq Ckvem-ans\ ]cn-]q-ambn I-dnp Dsm-p--h X am{X-am-sW A-hn-izmkw XpSw apX-
Xs Ah-cpsS akvXn-jvI-sf _m[n-n-cpp. A-hn-izmkw ]noSv Al-m-c-ambn ]cn-W-anp. Atm X-fpsS sXp-I Nqnm-Wn-p-h
- p t\sc ISp Bt-]-fpw ]cn-lm-k-fpw
Ah sNmcnp. CXns Hmw-Xcw Hcp DZm-l-cWw hmb-\-m-

302

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v \Ip--Xn-\mWv {]t_m-[\w amkn-I-bpsS apJ-{]-kw-K-ns

Hcp `mKw apI-fn ]In-bXv. hyn-]-c-ambn ]d-m Ac
\qm-ns Zpc-\p-`-h- F\n-pv. Ah-bn NneXv am{Xw ChnsS A\p-kva-cn-pp.
Rm XncqmSv Xma-k-am-nb tijw Bcw-`n--XmWv aZvd-kp Cem-ln. AXns kPoh {]h-I-\m-bn-cpp Rm. bmsXmcp Io-j\pw kzoI-cn-msX AXns \S-n-n-mbn Rm
[mcmfw ]Ww ti-J-cn-p-sIm-Sp-n-pv. Io-j hI-bn hXpw
kzoI-cnt ]q Fv `mc-hm-ln-I Hcn- Fs \n_-np.
aZvd-k-p-thn ]ncnhp \S-p ap {]h-I-mv Fs \ne]mSv Hcp _pn-ap-m-Ip-sav I-dn--Xp-sIm-mWv Ah Fs
\n_-n-Xv. bm{Xm kuI-cy- hfsc Zpe-`-am-bn-cp Amev \S--ev hcpw tXmSpw ]mS-tk-J-c-fpw Xmn--Sv
hoSp-I Ib-dn-bn-dn kw`m-h-\-I kzcq-]nv AXn \npw e`np XpO-amb Io-j hnlnXw sImv hni--S-p ]mh- Gsd-bp Ime-am-WXv. Rm\pw Zcn-{Z-\m-bn-cpp. ]s, sRnsR-cp-n-bm-sW-nepw In-Ip-Sn-m-\p hI- F\nv ]n-bn
\npw ap-ambn e`n-p--Xp-sImv aZvd-k-p-th-n-bp ]ncnhv
Am-lp-hns amK-n-ep Hcp I--a-mbn Rm \nv sNbvXp. ]s, Fs \ne-]mSv ta]-d \ne-bn Hcp hnj-a-ap-mp-sav a\-n-em-b-tm Fs Io-j F{X-bp-sv IWp
t\mm Rm Bh-iy-sp. kmam\yw tami-a-m Hcp kwJy
Dm-bn-cpp. AXv Fs kw`m-h-\-bmbn FgpXn Rm ckoXp hmp-Ibpw Io-j kzoI-cn--Xmbn IW-n tcJ-s-Sp-p-I-bp-amWv sNbvXXv. Am-lp-hns s]mcpw am{Xta Rm Cpw CXn
B{K-ln-n-pq. Amlp kzoI-cn-p-am-dm-Is. Fm Cu hnjbw ChnsS Ipdn-n-Xv Hcp B{]iw-k-bmbn Bcpw ImW-cpXv.
Rm AXv Dt-in-n-n. aX-{]-t_m-[\ hoYn-bn F\n-p-mb
thZ-\-I Ab-hn-d-p-tm CsXm-cm-h-iy-ambn Fp am{Xw.
Xncqms aZvdkm Cem-ln--bnse apZcnkpw JXo-_p-am-bn-cp Ae-hn-pn apkvenbm Jpdm-^m-n \npw t\cnv Pam-As Ckvem-an-bn-tev amdn h- tZl-amWv. At-l-s-p-dnv
t\c-s Rm ]cm-ain-n-pv. apkvenbm-cpsS NphSv amw aZv-dkm ]T-\-tbpw _m[n-p-sav I-tm Rm Hcp \ow \S-

303

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bn Rm Imc-y-s BZi-hy-Xn-bm\w

In-p-spw AtX-p-dnv aZvd-k-bn shv Rm Hcp {]kwKw
sNm-sapw apkvenbm AXn\v \Ip adp-]Sn \apv tImsapw, B \ne-bn Hcp ]cn-tim-[-\bvp tijw am{Xw- aZvdk- PamAs Ckvem-an-bp-tS-Xm-n-bm aXn-sbpw ImWn-p-sIm-v Hcp
Is-gpv t\mokv Xncq-mSv ]te-Spw Hnp. \nnX Znh-kn\v apv cv {][m-\n-I Fs hon hp. B {]kwKw th.
Ipg--ap-mIpw Fv ]dp. Rm Ipsd \ymbw ]d-p-t\mn.
Ah hg-p-n. HSp-hn Rm Cs\ ]dp: ""\n-fn-cp-hcpw
CXns D-c-hm-Znw hln-p-sIm-Ww. hgn-tI-Sn-te-p \ow I-tm kXyw sXfn-bn-m Rm Hcpn. \n-fmWv AXv
apS-n-bXv. AXv tIv ]cn-tim-[n-t _m[y-X-bp \n-fpsS
\ne CXm-sW-n ]ns F\n-sv sNm Ign-bpw. Rm {]kwKn-p-n-.'' Xma-kn-bmsX Ah Fs aZvdkm In-n-bn \nv
\ow sNbvXp. aZvdk Pam-As Ckvem-an-bp-tS-Xmn. B m]\w hfp. Cem-ln tImtfPpw ap ]e m]-\--fp-am-bn-smv Pam-A-ns DX hnZym-`ymk tI{-ambn \ne-sIm-pp.
]Xn-m-p-Iv apv \S asmcp kw`hw. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS {]kn-o-I-c-W--fn Kpcp-X-c-amb ]e sXp-Ifpw Rm
In-p-spw AtX-p-dnv Fgp-p-aqew Hcp kwhmZw \S-m
]mn-bpsS hm--fm-sc-nepw Xm-dm-I-W-sapw BZys hnjbw "C_m-Zv' Xs-bm-Is Fpw ImWnv Rm Hcp t\mo-kv
A-Sn-np. AXv Pam-Av tI{--fn-tepw ap Nne {][m-\n-Ipw Ab-p-sIm-Spp. F\nv ]d-bm-\p-Xv X]m-en Abmw,
adp-]Sn X]m-en Xs Ab-pI, Xm-dp--h hnhcw Adn-bn-pI
Fpw t\mo-kn ImWn-n-cpp. sN-\mSv aZvdkm Ben-bm-bn
\npw Pam-Av t\Xm-hm-bn-cp-- XmCu auehn am{Xw adp-]Sn
Abp. AXn-{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp. ""ag-bn-m--Xp-sImv Xm-fpsS
Xev NqSv ]nSn-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. ag s]bvXv Xe A]w XWp-s.''
Al-m-c-n \np-Xnv hoW ]cn-lmk hN-\-!
{]t_m[\w B^o-kn-tev Rm Hcp I-bp. \n-fpsS {]kn-o-I-c-W--fn Jp-B-\n\pw lZo-kn\pw FXn-cmbn ]e-Xp-apv.
Ah Nqn-m-Wn-p hnai\ teJ\w Ab-m {]kn-o-I-cnptam? \np adp-]-Snbpw AtXm-sSmw {]kn--s-Sp-m-

304

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

atm. Bt-]-v \ymb-amb adp-]Sn \Ip--Xp-aqew GsXmcp ]mnpw IqSp-X hf e`n-p-atm'' Fsmw In ]dn-cpp. Ah adp-]Sn Xp. "km[n-p-I-bn.' Fv.
]n-mSv im-]pcw Ckvem-an tImtf-Pns Hcp hmjnI tbmK-n kw_-n-p-hm-\p W-v F\nv Inn. tbmK-n kw_-n-m F\nv ktm-j-am-sWpw Pam-As Ckvem-an-bp-ambn kl-I-cnp {]hn-p-hm Rm Hcp--am-sWpw,
]s, \n-fn kw`-hn Kpcp-X-c-amb sXp-I sXcy-s-Sp-t-Xp--Xn-\m AXn-mbn Hcp {]kwKw sNm-\p A\p-hmZw
\Ip-sa-n hnhcw Adn-bn--W-sapw ImWnv Aao-dn\v Rm
I-bp. adp-]Sn Xn.
Cs\ Rm Ah-K-Wn--s H-\-h[n A\p-`-h--fpv. AhK-Wn--s-SpI am{X-a, ]cn-l-kn--sp. Bt-]n--sp. Fs
hyn-_--, IpSw-_-_--, kmaq-lnI _- Fnh
Xfm\pw XIm\pw Ah \nc-cw {ianp. Fs BZi-_p-n-S-bn t]mepw iey-m-c Fv Fs Nqn--d-bp-Ibpw Fs t\sc s\n Npfn-p-Ibpw sNp Ah--bp-mbn. ]eXnepw Ah hnP-bn-p-shv kmcw. Ah-cpsS anj-\-dn-I-sf-mw F\ns-Xn-cn D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-n-sm-n-cpp. kztZ-ipw hntZ-ipw CXv A\p-kyq-X-ambn XpSp. \n H-sSpw Fv Fs
Nne kvt\ln-X-m `oj-Wn-s-Spn. Fs J_-dnepw Rm Hbm-bn-cn-p-atm Fp- am{Xw adp-]Sn ]dp. bYm-n Rm
]te-Spw H-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Fs BZi kvt\l-h-e-b-n
t]mepw Da aue-hnv s]cpw NqSmWv Fv ]d ]WvUnX kplr-p-sf F\n--dnbmw. ]s, Rm Xfn. Amlp
Ak-Xy-n-s\-Xn-cn t]mcm-Sm Fs a\-n\v in \In.
thZ-\-I-fpsS irwJ-e-bn a\v ]nS-bp-tmgpw Rm Am-lphns klm-b-m IqSp-X kPo-h-am-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp.
a\-n\v apdn-thv ]nS Hc-\p-`hw Hm-bn-se-n-bXv CS-bn Ipdn-s. kpDu-Zn-bnse ]T\w ]qn-bmn \mn-se-nb Imew. Hcp tPmen-bp-an. iey-m-c-\mb Fs Dsm-m ]e
m]-\-pw aSn-bmWv. Atm Rm Hcp eLp-teJ Xm-dmn. auZq-Zn-k-ns Ckvem-an \np hyXn-bm-\- sXfn-bnp Hcp cN\. "]pXnb aXw'- (Zo\p PZoZv) FmWv BZyw t]cv

305

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\n-bn-Xv. Nne kplr-p- in-bmbn imkn--tm AXv

amn. "]pXnb aZvl_v' (aZvl-_p PZoZv) Fmn. {]kn-o-I-cnp--Xn\p apv B hnhcw ]cp. sNhn-bn \npw sNhn-bn-tev.
A-Sn-m sNe-hpv. Bcp-Xcpw? BtcmSv tNmZnpw? A-s\bn-cns tImgn-tmSv \nv F\nv Hcp Iv Inn. hym]mc {]apJcpw ]uc-{]-ap-J-cp-ambn tIfn-tI cp-t] tNv Ab Iv.
Ah-cpsS t]cv ]d-bp-n. cp-t]cpw Pohn-n-cn-n. ""\n ASpv tImgn-tmSv hcp-p-s-n hnhcw Adn-bn-Ww. Hv AXymh-iy-ambn ImtW--Xpv'' CXv am{X-amWv In Dm-bn-cp-Xv.
tImgn-tmSv t]mtI {]tXyI Bh-iy--sfmpw F\n-n-m-bncpp. hon shdpsX Ccn-p-I-bp-amWv. Ch cp-t]cpw F\nv
{]nb-s--hcpw Fs {]nb-s-Sp--h-cp-amWv. Fs hfsc klm-bnn-p--h-cp-amWv. B \nbpw IS-mSpw Hm-tm Rm adp-]Sn
Ab-n,- Av Xs ]pd-s-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. cm{Xn ]n-bn
Xn. kp_v-ln Ignp AXn Hcm-fpsS hon-tev sNp. hnime-amb ]d-n henb _wm-hmWv. Atlw Fs kzoI-cnp. th-hn[w D]-N-cnp. Atlw t^m sNbvX {]Imcw at-bm DSs\ Imdn hsn. R Ipiew ]dp. F\nv BImw-bm-bn-cpp. Rm hnhcw Xncn. Atm Hcp tNmZy-amWv BZyw
hXv. ""\n Pam-As Ckvem-an-s-Xn-cn Ftm FgpXn
A-Snv ]pd-n-d-m t]mIp-p-shv tIp. AXv icn-bmtWm?''icn-bmWv, Rm ]dp. DSs\ Ccp-hcpw tNv Hcp A`y-\bm-bn-cpp. ""Zb-hmbn AXv {]kn-o-I-cn--cpXv.'' Rm XWw
adp-]Sn ]dp. ""C.- ]s, Imc-Whpw IqSn H-dn-m \mbn-cpp.'' ""Imc-W-sampw tNmZn--cpXv. \n AXv sN-cp-sXv
am{Xw a\-n-em-pI.'' FmWv hopw ]d-Xv. F\n-w
\ockw tXmn. Fnepw Rm a\--S-n-smv hn\-b-`mhw
ssIhn-SmsX ]dp: ""\n-fpsS Bhiyw Rm am\n-pp.
Rm AXv A\p-k-cnmw. ]s Fs a\-n\v Hcp dmlv tht? ImcWw Adnp t_m[y-s-Sp-tm-gt AXp-mIq. am{Xa AsXs Hc-h-Im-ihpw IqSn-bm-Wtm''.- XpSv Ah-cn \np
h hmp-I teiw imk-\m-cq-]-ntem A-[n-Im-c `mh-n-tem
Bbn-cpp. F\nv Ah-tcm-Sp Nne IS-m-Sp-I NqjWw sNm\p Hcp KmWv kzc-n \ng-en-p--sXv t_m[y-ambn.
a\v hmsX \odn. a\v F ApX {]Xn-`mkw {]Im-i-th-K-X-

306

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn {]hnp. Ah-cpsS hnim-e-amb apw Hcp l-cn-P- s]-v

Nqep-sImv Xqv hmcp-Xv Atm ImWm-am-bn-cpp. Fs
sImp kn-bp-ambn s]sv Fgp-tp. B s]n\p t\sc hnc-
Nqn-smv ""Zm, Cu `mj Ah-tfmSv aXn'' Fv ]d-bp-Ibpw DSs\
AhnsS \npw Cd-n-tm-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah Ccp-hcpw kvXw`nn-cn-p-p-m-bn-cpp. ZrV-am-bn-cp B _w AtXmsS apdnp. ]no-SXv DW-n-b-Xp-an. Rm hnImc hnp-_v[-\m-bn-cpp.
Fs Bm-`n-am-\-n-t app-sImv tImdnb A\p-`-h-am-bncpp AXv. Znh-k-v tijw A{Xbpw thW-am-bn-cptm F
]p\x-]-cn-tim-[-\v a\v CWn. A[n-I--m-sb-n Xncp--Watm. Rm im-ambn Btem-Nnp. hfsc IjvS-sv Rm kzam-nb hoSpw ]pc-bn-Shpw Hcmv Hgn-p-sIm-Sp-m-\mWv Ah
Bh-iy-s--sX-n Hc-cw Rm adpv ]d-bmsX A\p-k-cn-pam-bn-cpp. A{Xbvpw F\n--h-tcmSv BZ-chpw kvt\lhpw Dmbn-cpp. ]s, Fs D-a-t_m-[y-ap BZi kzmX-{y-n\p
t\sc-bmWv Ah hnc Nqn-bXv. F\n-Xv kln-m-\m-hp--Xns Ap-d-mWv. Fm `uXnI kuI-cy-fpw Fs Acp-a-tbmsS
amSn-hn-fn--tm AXv kvt\l-]qw Xnc-kvI-cnv Rm kpDu-Znbn \nv bm{X ]d-Xv Cu kzmX{yw cpNn-p--Xn-\p-th-nbm-bn-cpp. AXn-s\-Xn-cn Nqp hnc-ep-Isf Rm \njvI-cpWw apdn-p-I-fbpw. Rm kam-[m-\np. CXn-t\-m D-a-am-bXv
Amlp F\nv \In-tbmw. Chn-sStbm AtXm ]c-tem-Itm?
]c-tem-Iv aXn. ]s, Cu temIv Xs Fs dv F\nv
\In. \n-]qw dns\ kvXpXn-p-sIm-mWv AsXm-sbpw
Rm kzoI-cn-Xv. Am-lp-hns Xr]vXnv thn Dt]-n-p-Ibpw kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw sNm Amlp \psS lrZ-b-sf {]m]vX-am-s.
Cu Ime--fn-sem-sbpw Fs ]nn Hcp in-bp-m-bncpp. _lp-am\y Kpcp-\m-Y sI.Fw. auehn , Fw.kn.kn A_vZpd-lvam auehn Fo cp hS-hr--. B XW Fs
inbpw Bizm-khpw {]tN-m-Z-\-hp-am-bn-cpp. Cu cwKv {]hn-m \nc-cw Ah Fs D]-tZ-in-p-Ibpw t{]cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cpp. Ah-cpsS XymK-]-cn-{i-a--fp-sSbpw kI--fp-tSbpw {]Xn-^ew \Im Amlp Ah--tev Ah-

307

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sc aSn hnfnp. Atm Rm bXo-an-s\-tm-se-bmbn. _mbpw

Dbpw \jvS-s bXo-an-s\-tmse. AYhm cp Nnd-Ip-Ifpw HSnp-t]mb Hcp ]nsb t]mse. Fnepw Rm ]nSp ]nSp
aptdn. Ah \Inb ]T-\-fpw Bth-ihpw Fs Du-ambn.
Nn- b nepw {]h- \ - - f nepw {]Nm- c - W - nepw XnI
kzmX-{y-amWv Rm Fpw B{K-ln-n-p-Xv. AXp-sImv Xs Hcp kwL-S\m N-q-Sn HXp-m A[n-Ihpw F\nv Ignn-n. Fs hyn-]-c-amb ho-W--fp-ambn s]mcp--s-Sm
kwL-S-\bvpw Ign-bn. kwL-S-\-bpsS hcp-Xn-bn ]Xpn \nm F\npw km[y-am-Ip-am-Ip-I-bn. AXp-sIm-p-Xs kwLS-\-bnse GsX-nepw `mc-hm-ln-Xz-n\v {ian-p-Itbm tamln-pItbm Rm sNbvXn-n. ]e-tmgpw sI.F.Fw. sajn-n
\np- t]mepw hnp-\n-n-pv. Rm h-\n-epw Ahv Hcp `mcam-bn-o-c-cp-sX-p kZvhn-Nmcw am{X-amWv CXn\v ImcWw. 1979
tIcf PwC--p De-a-bpsS Ay--]-Zhn Rm Dt]-n-Xn\pw CXv Xs-bm-bn-cpp tlXp. AXv hgnsb ]dbmw. Fs Cu
kz`mhw aqew Rm A[n-Ihpw Hcp H-bm-\m-bn-cpp. \tXm
Notbm t\mn sXc-s-Sp--X Cu kz`mhw. Rm As\-bm-bn-tmbn. AXmWp kXyw. Fs Kpcp-\m-Y-mv t]mepw
Cu hnIrXn kz`mhw aqew ]e-tmgpw Rm Hcp iey-m-c-\mbn
`hn-n-pv. Nne CXv Dsm-p-Ibpw Fs IqSp-X kvt\lnp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hc-\p-`hw ]dbmw. Hmp-tm Xs lrZbw
]nS-p A\p-`hw! Fs hy-Kpcp sI.Fw. aue-hn-bp-ambn Hcn N-bn-em-bn-cpp. Hcp hnj-b-n At-l-ns A`n-{]mb-hp-ambn tbmPn-m Ign-n. Xs A`n-{]m-b-n-tev Fs
aS-m Atlw im-ambn ]e-hw {ianp. ]s, \S-n. HSphn Hcp sImp imk-\m-`mhw ssIsmp. Rm hfsc hnj-an-embn. a\-ns GsX-nepw Hcp tImWn Hcn-t]mepw
At-ls [n-cn--W-sav Rm Dt-in-n-n--Xm\pw. ]s,
hnjbw Zo\o-]-c-amb ho-W-ssh-hn-[y-amWv. AhnsS At-l-ns hoWw F\nv t_m[y-am-Ip-n. B imk-\m-`m-h-ns
apn Fs hmbn \npw Hcp hmv Adn-bmsX hoWp-t]mbn.
sNdp--Im-ev Hc-`n-{]mbw tNmZn--Xn\v DkvXmZv Fs "FSm Ipcpw-sI--ht\' Fv hnfn-n-pv. AXn-t\-m F{Xtbm henb

308

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AXnI-hn--emWv Fs \mhn \npw NmSn-bXv. ""Bcms a\v

sImv Nnn-m F\nv ]n'' Fv Rm ]d-p-t]mbn.
Fs lrZbw hop-ap-p--Xvt]mse. ]d--hmv Xncn-s-Sp-m
htm. Rm `b-tmsS \np. ]s, alm-mv amXr-I-bmb
Hcp hyn-Xz-amWv Fs apn \np--sX kXyw Hcn-
IqSn F\nv t_m[y-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. aue-hn-bpsS apJv Hcp
]pncn hnSp. {]k--amb apJ-tmsS Atlw Fs Npa-en
ssIhp. F\nv thn {]mnp. Rm Icp. Atm am{Xa. B kw`hw Hmp-tm-sgms Rm hnXp-n-bn-pv. Ctmgpw
AXm a\v hnXp-pp. C{X \ Hcp a\p-jys\ Fs Ip-sImv Cp-hsc Rm In-n. Iymc-IvS Fv Cwo-jn Hcp
{]tbmKw \S-n-ep-tm. AXm-bn-cnmw CXv. kz`mhw F Aw hfsc ]cn-an-X-ambn tXmpp. Fm-hpw CjvShpw BZchpw tXmp Hcp Iymc-IvS-dm-bn-cpp sI.-Fw. aue-hn. A[nIw
t]pw CjvSw tXmm Hcp Iymc-IvS-dm-bn-cpp Cubp--h.
Fs `mcy-p-t]mepw. Ah kln-p-I-bm-bn-cnmw. s]mcp--sSm a\x-]qw {ian-p-I-bm-Wtm PohnXw.
Pam-As Ckveman BZi-ambn kzoI-cn auZq-Zn-k-ns
\qX-\Xzw {]hm-NI amXr-Isb Ah-ew-_n--W-sa-p--hv
kzoIm-cy-a. hnip Jp-Bs {]Xy--amb I]-\-Isf AXv
Ah-K-Wn-p-Ibpw sNpp. Cu ]c-amw P\--fn shfn-s-Spm Fs Kpcp--m-cpsS t{]mm-l\w ssIap-X-emn Rm
aptdn. Av Fn Infn taml-amWv ]{Xw. 1971s^{_p-h-cnbn AXv samnp. am Dm-, AXv km-Zn-, ASn,
{]kn-o-I-cWw, FUn-nv, {^q^v doUnwKv, hcn-msc tXSn-bp
bm{X, hnX-cWw Fmw Rm H-m-bn-cpp. BZi {]Xn-_--XbpsS Cu Bthiw Fm hnj-a-X-I-sfbpw Xn-\on aptmv Kanm Fs {]m]vX-\mn. \nc--c-amb {]m-\-bn-eqsS Rm
B-hn-izmkw t\Sn. Am-lp-hns klmbw thp-thmfw e`np.
klm-bn-Ifpw kl-Im-cn-Ifpw hn-p- hp. Cu hfbvv ImcW-ambn `hn hen-sbmcp ]npW dns klm-b-m F\n-pmbn. Hmw e-n-te-p BapJ {]kwKw Rm Xm-dmn.
{]n sImSp-p--Xn\p apv Hcm-ibw a\-ne-pZ-np. {]K--cm-bC-kz-vemlo ]WvUn-X-msc hmbnp tIn-Ww. Ah AwKo-I-

309

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cn-p-p-sh-n AXv tcJm-aqew hmWw. Zo\o tkh-\mw Hcp

]{Xw \S-m ]npW \Ip-Xv shdpw kzm`m-hnIw am{Xw.
]s, ChnsS AX {]iv\w. ]epw Dsm-m hnj-a-ap
Nne Imcy- apJ-{]-kw-K-n Xpd-s-gp-Xn-bn-pv. ]{X-ns
{]Jym-]nX ey-ambn FSp-p-]-d cp hnj-b-.- Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS BZi-hy-Xn-bm-\--sfbpw {]i-kvX-\mb
kn.F. AlvaZv auehn Xs cN-\-I-fn-eqsS Jp-B-\n\pw \_n-Ncypw FXn-cmbn \S-nb A hymJym-\--sfbpw i-ambn
FXnp--Xn-\p-th-n-bmWv Cu ]{Xw XpS-p-Xv Fv apJ-{]kw-K-n sXfn-s-gp-Xn-bn-cpp. Cu cp-hn-j-b-fn-e-pw au\w
]men-p-Ibpw A\p-`m-hn-I-fm-sWv s]mXpsh tXmm CS-bmp-Ibpw thZn-I ]n-Sp--Xn kXw {]I-Sn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp ]e ]WvUn-X-m-tcbpw Ckz-vemlo cwKs alm]WvUnX-m-scbpw apJ-te-J\w tIn-p--Xn\v Rm sXc-s-Sp-ncpp. Ckz-vemlo cwKs alm]WvUn--X-m, kmw-Ko-Im-c-ap
t\Xm-, sImSp-m-p-t]mse hoin-b-Snv apt-dp {]t_m-[-Im XpS-n-b-h Fs ske-Ivj-\n-ep-m-bn-cpp. Fm Bi-Ifpw Am-\-m-bn-cp-p-shv F\nv t_m[y-ambn. kXy-tmSp Ah-cpsS AS-m A`n-hm- Iv Ip-t_m-[-tmsS
Rm Xe-Xmgvn. Ap-X-I-c-am-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS {]Xn-I-cWw.
Hcp Ipdnv FgpXn AXn kk-tmjw Ah ssIsb-m-nv Xp.
Fs t{]mm-ln-np. F\nv thn {]mnp. ]Xn-s\mv
alZv hyn-I-fpsS Biw-k-I-fp-ambn Rm hon Xncn-s-n-btm Ip-t_m-[-mepw ktm-j-mepw s]mn--c-p-t]mbn.
Hcp B\-tb-m hen--ta-dnb in a\-n Rm kw`-cnp Ignn-cpp. B Ipdnpw AXn AWn-tN al-p-fpw Chn-sSbpw AWn-\n-c-s.
_nkvan-mln dlvam-\ndlow
kk-_o-ens BapJ {]kwKw R hmbnp tIp. R hfsc ktm-jn-pp.
Cu \ne-bn Fmw _mXzn-en-t\mSpw PnlmZv sNp-hm kk_o-en\v Amlp in \Is. (Bao)
Fv,1. ]n.sI. aqk auehn ]pfn-

310

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

2. ]n.]n. DoIpn auehn ]pfn-

3. sI.Fw.Sn. sskZ--ehn X sNdp-time
4. C.sI. auehn IS-h-q
5. hn.Sn. A_vZp lmPn Iqmbn
6. Fw. ssiJv apl-Zv auehn hf-h-q
7. ]n. sskZv auehn c-mWn
8. F. Aehn auehn FS-h
9. apl-Zv Aam\n auehn hmWn-b-ew
10. Sn.apl-Zv CkvlmJv auehn Aco-tmSv
11. kn.]n. Ipn-sam-bvXo auehn Xr-\n
tUm. Fw. Dkvam kmln_v, sI.F. C_vdmlow auehn,- ]n.]n.- A-p- K-^q- au-e-hn- (]p-fn-),- s{]m.- Sn.- A-p-- km-ln-_v(^m-dq-J-v tImt-f-Pv-)-,- sI.-sI.- ap-d--Zv- a-Z-\n- (]-c--\-m-Sn),- sI.-]n.- apl--Zv- au-e-hn- Fo {]K--a-Xn-I ]{Xm-[n-]-k-an-Xn-bn kl-I-cnm-sav k-Xn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. sI.F C{_mlow auehn Av ]pfn- aZo-\-p Deqw Ad-_n-tm-tf-Pn-sbpw sI.]n. ap-l-Zv- au-e-hn- kp-ap-emw Ad-_n-tm-tf-Pn-- (Aco-tmSv)sbpw {]nkn-mam-cm-bn-cpp. Ccp-h-cp-tSbpw [mn-I-amb ]npW F\nv Bthmfw e`n-n-pv. tUmIvS-dm-Is, Ipw sap-ambn FtmsSmv ac-Ww- hsc Dm-bn-cp. Hmw-ew apX Xs Xs
A\p-{K-lo-X-amb XqenI kk-_o-en-\p-thn Nen-np. "a\p-jy\pw {]m-\bpw'- F Xe-hm-NIw sImv Ae--cn Dkvam
kmln-_ns {]uV-amb hnm-\-ns sXfn-\o {]Ya en Xs HgpIn. Im\q-mv CS-ap-dn-bmsX kk-_o F
\mas AXv A\z-amn. ]e-tmgpw B sXfn-\ocv XS---fpsS ISp ]md-s-p-Isf ASn-p-X-I sh-m--ambpw cq]m-c-s-n-pv. Ckvem-anI hnm-\-ho-Yn-bnse Xnf-p- apmWv
At-l-ns "Kbv_v'- F {Kw. Xs XqenI kk-_o-en-eqsS Hgp-n-hn--Xm-bn-cpp B apv. tUmIvS-dpsS Xqen-Ib
- psS kpK-an-m Nne e- XnIpw A]q-am-bn-cpp. ke^o
{]m-\-ns kmcYyw hln-p \mfp-I-fnepw kwL-S-\-bpsS
N-q-Sp-I-Xo-X-ambn Fs ho-W--tfbpw {]h-\--tfbpw tUmIvS ]q-ambn XgpIn XtemSn Bioh-Zn-n-cpp. Fm

311

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A-nepw alm-\m-bn-cpp Fs Dkvam tUmIvS. Ie-h-d-bnmsX Fs Atlw kvt\lnp. A{X Af-hn Xs Xncn-psIm-Sp-m alm Xnc-n-\n-S-bn Ign-bmsX t]mb Ip-t_m[w Fs ]np-S-cp Hcp ZpxJ-ambn IqsS-bpv.
kk-_o-ens ]m-e Ncn-{X-n \nsf Rm DS-n\nn-bn-cn-p-I-bmWv. AXn \npw Hcp Xmm-enI tamN\w
Xcmw. asmcp kp{]-[m-\ -kva-c-W-bn-tev a\v Fs Xn-bnp.
\nfpw Ftm-sSmw AXn-te-smv hogs. Fs {]nb-s
sI.]n. a\-n Ib-dn-hp ]pn-cn-tbmsS \nd-p-\npp.
AXv In-sv \Snv h-am\w XpS-cm F\n-s-s\ Ignbpw.
1940IfpsS Bcw`w. {]kn--amb hmg-mSv Zmdp Deqw kwK-Xnh-im AS-p-]q-t-n-hp. Av AXns Ipw Ic-fp-am-bn-cp
Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam auehn hnZymn-I-fp-ambn Xncq-c-mSn-bn hp. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS \nt-i-{]-Imcw Xd- ]nbn Zkv XpSn. Rm\-tm Xncq-c-mSn \qdp Ckvemw aZvd-kbnse Aym-]-I\pw sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS injy-\p-ambn Ign-pIq-Spp. kz`m-h-KpWw, ]T-\-nse Imcy--aX Fnh ]cn-tim-[nv sa-s--hsc Xnc-s-Sp Iq-n hmg-mSp \ns-nb
hnZymn-I-fn sI.]n. apl-Zv aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp Hm-a. Chn-sS
\nmWv R-fpsS ]cn-Nbw Bcw-`n-p-Xv. kzbw \m-Im\pw
ap--hsc \m-p-hm-\p-ambn ]Tn-p Bfm-bn-mWv F\n--tls t_m[y-s-Xv. B Zkv ]noSv ]pfn--tev amn. AXm-Wv
]nm-ev {]kn--am-bn-o aZo-\-p Deqw Ad-_n-tmtfPv.
sI.]n. A^vf-ep Dea ]mmb tijw Ipd-p-Imew kztZ-ipw ap-ambn Ign-p-IqSn. hf-h-q Ak-m-dp-mlv kwL-ns kPoh {]h-\-n apgp-In-bn-cn-p thf-bn-emWv alqw
ssiJv apl-Zv aue-hn-bpsS \nt-i-{]-Imcw Aco-tmSv kp-apemw tImtf-Pn-se-n-bXv. AhnsS {]nkn-m-fmbn. ssiJv auehn
XpS-n-sh ]e ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw hnP-bn-n-m Am-lp-hns A\p{K-l-m sI.]nv Ignp. kzw hoSn-t\-m kp-ap--emans\ Atlw kvt\lnp. CXn-\n-S-bn-emWv \Zvh-p apPm-lnZos P\-d sk{I--dn-bmbn Npa-X-e-tbm Atlw \n_n--s-Xv. Npa-X-e-I \ymb-ambn \nh-ln-p-hm X\np Ign-

312

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bptam F Bi--bm BZyw Atlw aSn-p -\np. ]noSv s]mXp\v thn B `mcw hln- Ime-L--ns Bh-iy-amsWv a\-n-embn. hn\o-X-\mb sI.]n. dn `c-tan-p-sImv
71 B al-mb m\w Gs-Spp. 1982emWv kp-ap--em-an
\npw Atlw hna-cn-Xv. B m]-\-n\p e`n-Xv t]mse, A
AXn F{Xtbm aSv IqSp-X Imcy--a-X-tbm-sS-bp XymK-kpc-`n-e-amb tkh\w \Zvh-n\v sI.]n.bn \npw e`np. BZi
{]Nm-cW cwKv \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo hfsc hfp. kwLS\ sI.]nbpsS t\Xr-Xz-n F{Xtbm in-bmnp. kp-ap-em-an\pw \Zvh-n\pw Cs \ne-bn Fm a\p-jy-cn
\nm-cp-sS-sb-nepw ]p-s-n AXn Hm-a sI.]n. apl-Zv
aue-hn-bm-bn-cp-p-shv Rm Dds ]dbpw.
R Xn-ep _w {ItaW hfp. Rm At-ls
_lp-am-\np. Atlw Fs hfsc kvt\lnp. Cu kvt\lm-Z-chp-I-fpsS in F{X Bg-n-em-bn-cp-p-shv t_m[y-amb Hc-kpe` k`-am-bn-cpp ]me-mSv \S apPm-lnZv kwm\ ktf\w. _m_cn akvPn-Zns XI-bm Cym-cmPyw In-sb-cnbpp. temI apkvenw-I {]Xn-tj-[-ns Ae-bSn Dbn-bn-cnpp. {]iv\ koW-X-I-fn kt-f\w BSn De-bp Lw.
]me-mSv ]Ww B.Fkv.Fkns Hcp in-tI-{-amWv. AhnsS
\S Hcp \n`m-Ky-I-c-amb hKob Iem-]-ns ZpKw kq-ambn ian-n-n. Atm-gmWv _m_cn ]n-bpsS t\p-mb
{Iqc-amb B{I-aWw. \msSm-ppw hKob Iem-]-ns Zpjn
aWw hoip-pv. "aXw a\pjy kulmZ-n\v' F hninjvS
ap{Zm-hmIyw apg-n-smv {]Jym-]n--s \psS kt-f-\-ns {]Nm-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-I tIc-f-ns \K-c-{Km-am--c--fnepw
app-aq-e-Ifpw Bbn-c--W-n\v tbmK--fpsS AI--Sn-tbmsS
hoin-b-Snp. PmXn aX t`Z-at\y tIcf P\X AXv kzoI-cn-Xv
henb `mKy-ambn ]cn-Wan-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. Hcp- \m-i-I-c-amb
hKob Iem-]-ns Icmf lkvX-n \npw ae-bmf cmPyw
tamNn-X-am-b-Xns ]nn XpW-tb-Inb ]e Imc-W--fn "aXw
a\pjy kulm-n\v' F al-mb ap{Zm-hmIyhpw- AXns
{]Nm-c-Whpw A\n-tj-[y-amb ]p-h-ln-pI Xs sNbvXp. ktf\w \nn-sh-m tI{ A`y-c hIp-n \npw \nt-i-ap-

313

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

mbn. tIcf A`y--c-h-Ipv AXv {]tbm-K-n hcp-m Xmsd-Spp. kt-f\w Bcw-`n-t--Xns Xte-Zn-hkw \nm-b-Iamb \nan-j--fm-bn-cpp. i-amb hop-ap--em-bn-cpp. Fm
{]m-\-ns BZi-s-p-dnv AWn-I-fpsS A-S ioes-p-dnpw kt-f-\-ns {]Jym-]nX kt-i-s--nbpw
t\Xr-hn-`m-K-ns tasb kw_-npw B`y--c-h-Ip-ns\
t_m[y-s-Sp-m aWn-q-dp-I am{Xw _mn-bp--tm Hcp
Xo{h{iaw Xs \Sp. \psS Iq-n Xs kt-f\w \nn-sh-m B{K-ln--h-cp-ap-mbn. AXn-\p-thn kzm[o\w
sNep-n-b-h-cp-ap-mbn. Nne- KqV-amb Nc-Sp-h-en-I \S-n-b-Xmbpw ]noSv Btcm-]n--s-n-cpp. kt-f\w th-tWm- thtbm
Fv Ah-km\ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-m tN Btem-N\m tbmK-n-
im-kz-cq-]-\mb Ay- tUm. Dkvam kmln_v {]Jym-]np.
""]S-bn AWn tijw {]hm-N-I ]pdwXncn-n-n. \mapw ]Sbn AWn-p-I-gnp. \-fm-bnv C\n ]nn-cn-bp {]iv\-an.
Am-lp-hmWv \psS c-I''.- kZv XIv_o hnfn-I-tfmsS Ay-s {]Jym-]\w AwKo-I-cnp. kt-f-\-n\v HutZym-Kn-Im\p-aXn e`n-m A`y--c-h-I-p-n _-sp \S N-I-fn
As hyh-kmb hIpv a{nbpw apkvenweoKv t\Xm-hp-amb
]n.sI. Ipm-en-pn kmln-_ns _mlyhpw B-cn-I-hp-amb
klm-bhpw kl-I-c-Whpw Gsd \n-tbmsS Fpw A\p-kva-cn-t-Xm-Ipp.
HSp-hn kt-f\w \S-m D]m-[n-I-tfmsS A\p-aXn e`np.
s]mXp-k-t-f\w ]mSn. hnim-e-amb tIm ssaXm-\nv shfn-bn-tev kv]o-dns i_vZw ]mSn. ]pdsa \nv hs-p Bfp-IfpsS Fw A]Xv iX-am\w Ipd-Ww. As\ ]eXpw. Xncp-h\--]p-cv A`y-c sk{I-n-bp-ambn N-bn Gs-n-cp--h
t\Xr-Xz-ns A`n-{]mbw tXSn. sI.F.Fw. kwm\ Akn- v sk{I-dn F.]n.bpsS ZoL-Zr-jvSnbpw bpn-t_m-[hpw \b-X{--Xbpw F{X {]iw-kn-mepw A[n-I-am-hn. Hcp t\Xm-hns
Izmfnn shfn-hmb k`-am-bn-cpp AXv. ""kt-f\w \S-m-\p
A\p-a-Xn-p-thn GXp \n_--\bpw AwKo-I-cn-m \ Hcp-amWv.'' As\ A\p-aXn e`np. Rm Cu Ipdnv Fgp-Xp-tm kwL-S\m cwKv ssiYneyw apf-s]m-n-bn-cn-pp. F.]ns-Xn-

314

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cmbn Hcp D]-Pm] kwLw hfv hcpp. F\nv {]nb-s--hcpw

Fs kvt\ln-p--h-cp-amb ]ecpw AXn kPo-h-am-Ip-Xv
ZpxJ-tmsS Rm ImWpp. F\nv kln-m Ign-bp-n.
Fs ]e ho-W--sfbpw ]np-W-m-Xn-cn-p-Itbm Nne-Xns\
in-bmbn FXnp-Itbm sNp hyn-bmWv F.]n. F\npw
]q-amb tbmPnv F.]n.tbmSv Dsv ]d-bpI h. a\p-jy-k-lP-amb hnIm-c- A-s\-bmWv. Fnepw kwL-S-\-bpsS t\Xrcw-Kv \nv At-ls ]ngp-Xp-am-m Hcp-s-p Nne-cpsS clkyhpw ]c-ky-hp-amb \o- XnIpw B-l-Xym-]-c-amWv.
sIme--b kzbw Igp-n-en-Sp-Itbm? Fs kvt\ln-p--htcmSv Rm bmNn-pp. \n Cu A\p-NnX \o-n Iqp-tNc-cpXv. F.]nv \ HuZm-cy-]qw ssIsh--bn shp-sIm-Sp-X Cp ]Zhn. ZoL-amb, \nkzm-amb XymK-]-cn-{i-a-fn-eqsS, X\n-l-amb ]S-hp-I Nhnn Atlw AhnsS Fn-sSp-Ib
- m-bn-cpp. AXn \mw Fn\v Akq-b-s-SWw? Fn\v thhem-Xn-s-SWw? F.]n. A_vZp JmZn auehn sXp-Ip----XoX-\m-sWv F\n--`n-{]m-b-an. \-sf-m-hcpw A-s\-bmWv. \mw
kzbw Xncp-Ww. F.]n.bpw Xncp-Ww. AXn-mbn At-ls
k-\m-Ww. Fs kplr-p--tfmSv F\n--XmWv ]d-bm-\pXv. ihpw \nkzm-hp-amb t\Xr-]m-S-h-ns Zue`yw
A\p-`-hn-p Hcp Ime-L--am-WnXv. Dkvam tUmIvS-dn, sI.]nbn, Ctm-fn-bn. D-h-cn ]ecpw Ah-i-cmWv. Fs-tm-ep
km[p-sf Ccw cwK--fn Hn\pw ]p-I-bn. AXp-sImv
Am-lp-hns Xr]vXn {][m-\-am-nbpw kwL-S-\-bpsS `{ZX Xpeyambn KWnpw hnphogvN sNpI Atm-p-an-tmpw.- Amlp
A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is.
As\ kt-f-\-n\v A\p-aXn e`np. cmw Znhkw shnbmgvN kt-f\ \K-cn-bn PpapA \a-kvImcw Xocp-am-\n-n-pv.
km anj- \ - d n- I - f psS kqv a - h - e - b - n- e mWv kt- f \w.
hymgmgvN cm{Xn sI.]nbpsS Hcp ZuXy-hp-ambn sI.F. C_vdmlow
auehn Fs tXSn hp. PpapA JpXp_ Rm \S-Ww. AXn\v Fs k-Xn-n-m sI.F.C.sb G]n-n-cn-pp. {]p_v[ ko kml-N-cy-n AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Cu `mcw Rm
G-W-as{X! t\Xr-Xz-n\v Fpw Hcp iey-amb Fs kwLS-\m-X-e-n \npw Zqsc \nn-bn-cn-p-I-bm-sWv Fs i{Xp-

315

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hn {]Nm-c-the \S-n-sm-n-cn-p Hcp k`w.

Atm Cu "s]mn-s-dn--hs\' XnI HutZym-Kn-IX shfn-hm-s-Sp Hcp IrXy-\n-l-W-n\v sI.]n. \ntbm-Kn-p-Itbm?!
Rm icnpw `bp. hnIm-c-hn-h-i-\mbn. {]Xn-`m-k---\mb B
t\Xm-hns a\-n Fs F{X Bg-n IpSn-bn-cp-n-bn-cp-psh-v Av Rm Adnp. Fs BZi hoYn-bnse \o Imeb-f-hn lrZ-bs aYn A]q kvac-W-I-fn-sem-mbn B kw`hw Pohn-pp. e-tmfw hcp B alm kZ-n A[n-Im-cnI-fpsS hnhn[ {Kqp-I- Ipdn-p-I-sf-Sp-m Hc-pn \np-tm
Rm JpXv_ \Sn. \a-kvIm-c-n\v t\Xr-Xzhpw \In. Fs
a\-ns Bizm-k-n-\p-thn Fs kl-Nmcn F.F. lao-Zp-ambn
JpXv_-bnse hnj-b-s-p-dnv Hc-`n-{]mbw Bcm-n-cpp. Hmw
JpXv_ ]c-temI hnizm-k-s-p-dn-m-bn-cn--W-sav Rm kzbw
\n-bn-n-cpp. cmw JpXv_-bpsS Imcy-n Hcp I^yq-j.
\n-b-an-mbva Fv ]dbmw. cmw JpXv_ kt-f\ {]ta-b-amb
"aXw a\pjy kulmZ-n\v'- Fm-bmtem? laoZv A`n-{]m-b-sp.
F\n-Xv \s t_m[np. Hcp {]tXyI kml-N-cy-n kmaq-lnI
{]Xn-_--X-bp hnj-b-am-b-Xn-\m AXns tNcp-h-I R
N sNbvXp-Xs Xocp-am-\np. sI.]n. AS--ap Fs t\Xm Fs apn-en-cpp JpXv_ tIp. Fs ]nn AWn-\n-cp
\a-kvI-cnp. Cu Akp-e` `mKyw Rm ad-ptam? C. Hcn--epan. Am-lp-hns A]m-c-amb A\p-{K-l-m Fmw kwXr-]vXambn. FtmSv Cs\ kvt\lw {]I-Sn-n-m, Fn Cs\
hnizm-k-an-m sI.]nv am{Xta Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-pq.
\nkzmX, \njvI-f-X, XymK-t_m[w, hn\bw, kl-\-in
XpS-nb At-l-ns kZvKp-W-v, {]Xn-^ew \Im
sI.]n.sb Amlp aS-n-hn-fnp. ""im-amb Bmth... Fs \
ASn-bm-dp-I-fpsS Iq-n {]th-inq.'' F dns A\p-tam-Z\hpw kzoI-c-Whpw alm-\-hIv e`n-n-cn-p-sav \apv Binmw. As\ Ghpw {]nb-s {]hm-N-I-tcmSpw Iqp-Im-tcmSpw
hw auehn, sI.Fw. auehn, Fw.kn.kn. auehn, ssiJv aue-hn,
Pam-ep-o aue-hn, sskZv aue-hn, Aehn aue-hn, Aam\n aue-hn,
tUm. Dkvam kmln_v apX-em-b-h-cpsS IqsSbpw kl-h-kn-phm Amlp At-l-n\v ku`mKyw {]Zm\w sNs. Cu km[p-

316

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hn\pw B kl-hmkw e`n--W-sa-Xv AS-m taml-amWv.

Am-lpth I\n-tb-Wta.
Hcp Ad-_n--hn-X-bn \nv cp hcn-I. ""a\pjym \o Ic-bpIbpw Bfp-I ktm-jnp Nncn-p-Ibpw sNp Ah--bn-emWtm \ns amXmhv \ns {]k-hn-Xv. Fm \ns ac-W-th-fbn Bfp-I Ic-bp k`-n \o Nncn-p--h-\m-bn-cn-p-hm Azm-\n-pI,'' `\pw KpW-k---\p-amb \psS {]nb-s
sI.]nbpsS acWw ta]-d Ah--bn-em-bn-cn-p-sa-m-inmw.
tIc-f-nepw Cy-bnepw Ad_v \mSp-I-fn-ep-ap ke-^n-I
sI.]n.bpsS ac-W-n ZpxJn-pp. \-sf-tmse. Cu alm-th-Z\v Amlp {]tXyI {]Xn-^ew \Is. At-l-t-m
D-a-\mb Hcmsf ]Icw Xcs. C{]-Imcw {]mn-p-hm {]hm-NI \s ]Tn-n-n-pv. \apv {]mnmw. ]s, Xp-ey-amb
Hcmsf Rm Ctm ImWp-n. Am-lp-hn icWw!
Rm ]d-p-sIm-n-cn-p hnjbw kk-_o-ens ]m-e-amWv. Hm-I NnXdn ]te-S-tpw k-cnp. Hm-I
Ab-hn-d-p-tm hnIm-c- hnNm-c-sf adn-I-S-p-Xv kzm`mhn-I-amWv. a\p-jy-a-\-ns Nne Zu_-ey-! 1971 s^{_p-h-cnbn ss{Xam-kn-I-bmbn Bcw-`n kk-_o 72 P\p-hcn apX
amkn-I-bmbn ]ptcm-K-anp. hcn-mcpw hmb-\-mcpw hn-p-Ibpw
klmb kl-I-c-W- Gdn-h-cn-Ibpw ]WvU-n-X-mcpw t\Xm-fpw _pn-Po-hn-Ifpw Biw-k-I sImv t{]mm-ln-n-p-Ibpw
sNbvX-tm aX-{]-Nm-cW cwKv Hc-h-iy-L-S-I-ambn kk_o cq]m--c-s-n-cpp Fv t_m[y-ambn. km[m-cW ]{X ssien-bn \npw hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp hgn-m-cbpw CXn\v Imc-W-am-bnp-mImw. BZi i{Xp- {]m-\--fm-bmepw hyn-I-fm-bmepw Ahsc t\cn-Sp-tm apdn-thn-msX ]uU ]qip ssien-bn hnain-p-Xv {]Xn-] _lp-am-\-ns kmwkvIm-cnI
cq]-am-sWv s]mXpsh KWn--s-Sp-Xv ImWmw. Asv Rm
]d-bp-n. \mw ssIImcyw sNp hnj-b-ns Kpcp-X-cm-h-bpw {]m[m-\yhpw hmb-\-m-cpsS a\-n G]n-p-hm ]e-tmgpw Cu ssien-sImv km[y-am-Im-dn. Hcp hmbn-p- X- am{Xw.
Ftm Nnd A`n-{]m-bm--c--fp-s-p Hcp tXm am{Xw.
Fm Rm [cn-p-Xv asm-mWv. hnai-\-ns aq Ipd-

317

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-Xpw tkmnw-K-v ssienbpw {]Xn-] _lp-am-\-am-Ip-n. cN\bpw Hcp Pnlm-ZmWv. a\pjy a\-p-I-tfm-Sp PnlmZv. BZi
i{Xp-hn-t\m-Sp bpw F kmchpw CXn-epv. Atm sXfn-hpI- f psS ASn- m- \ - n hnj- b - ns aw hmb- \ - mv
\Ip-Ibpw cq-amb ssien-bn FXn-cm-fnsb apdn-th]n-pIbpw thWw. hmb-\-m-cpsS Nnsb Ipep-p-Ibpw FXn-cm-fnsb
oWn-n-p-Ibpw thWw. Nne-tm Atlw tcmjm-Ip-e-\m-tbmw. A[n-Ihpw A\p-`hw A-s\-bmWv. Xm B{I-an--sp
F [mc-W-bn t\cn-Sm-s\m-cp-p-tm hnImcw am{Xta ssIapX-embn FSp-p-I-bpq. hnjb _n-X-ambn t\cn-Sp-Ibpw sXfn-hpI \ncn hnP-bn-m {ian-p-Ibpw sNp--Xn\v ]Icw hnaiIs\ hyn-]-c-ambn tXtPm-h[w sNm Bbp-[-tapw. As\
Abm-fpsS AYhm Ah-cpsS aqey-NypXn apJw-aqSn amn shfn-bn
hcn-Ibpw sNpw. CXp-aqew {]Xn-] _lp-am-\-sa k cnSpw tNmp-t]m-Ipp.
Fm {]Xn-] _lp-am\w ]men-m Rm Is-nb
coXn asm-m-bn-cpp. ]{Xw Fs DS-a--X-bnepw XqenI {][m-\ambpw Ft-Xp-amWv. Rm hnj-b-tm-sSmw AXns Im-tfbpw shfn-s-Sppw. "Nne ]d-bpp:'- "Xev]-c-I-n-I-fpsS hmZw'
XpS-nb ]Xnhv ssien Rm kzoI-cn-p-n. hmb-\-m Cu
Nne-tcbpw In-I-tfbpw GsX-v sXcn \S-Ww. AXp-m-hn. hmbn-p-X-te DmIq. Atm hyn-I-tfbpw In-I-tfbpw
kaq-l-ns apn sImp-h-cWw. hyXn-bm-\--fp-tSbpw Xncp hmZ--fp-tSbpw Im-sf P\w ad-bn-msX Xncn--dn-bWw.
Ahv \o-ep-m-IWw. Atm F\nv [mn-I-amb Hcp _m[y-X-bpv. Rm hnain-p In-Ipw hyn-Ipw XfpsS \ne-]mSv hy-am-m Fs ]{X-ns Xmfp-I kzX-{ambn A\p-h-Zn-Ww. Fs hmb-\-m-tcmSv Xs apJm-apJw kwhZn-m Ahv Ah-kcw \IWw. Cu kz`mhw s]mXpsh
ImWm--XmWv.
]s, Rm kk-_o-ens- Hmw XnXn apX Xs Fs
ssien hy-amn. kk-_o-en- hnain--s-Sp hyn-Ipw {]m-\-ns hm-pw hmb-\-mpw {]Xn-I-cn-m t]Pp-I A\p-h-Znpw. ]e-tmgpw hnj-b-ns {]m[m-\y-a-\p-

318

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

k-cnv. Hcp teJ\w Inn-bm {]kn-o-I-cn-p--Xn\p apv AXns

hm-v- ]Is-Spv Abp sImSppw. adp-]Sn Ds-n
Ab-p-X-m cpw Hw {]kn-o-I-cnpw. hmb-\-m Ccp-`mKhpw {inv hm-bn-v- bp-am-bXv kzoI-cn-p-sIm-s. ]{X-{]h-\-cw-Kv Cu ssien Rm Fhn-sS -\n-s-nepw IS-sa-Sp-X. Fs kz-amWv. Cu {]Jym-]nX ssien-bp-ambn aqp ]Xn-mp-I Rm kk-_o \Sn. kpn, Pam-As Ckveman,
JmZn-bm\n, bpn-hmZn, {InkvXy anj-\dn XpS-nb hn`m-K--fpsS
sXmb BZi-s-Xn-cn kk-_o t]mcmSn. aX-cw-Kv
inbpw Hgp-p-ambn {]kn-n-bmn, apkvenw-In-S-bnepw
Aap-kvenw-In-S-bnepw JymXn t\Snb Xqen-I-bpsS DS-a-bmb
kn.F. AlvaZv auehn, kpn t\Xm--fmb Iq-\mSv sI.hn. aplZv apkvenbm, Sn.sI. A_vZp apkvenbm (]c--\-mSn), apkvX^ ss^kn XpS-nb Jp-B hymJym-Xm-fpw Fs hnp-hogvN-bn-m hnai-\-n\v hnt[-b-cmbn. hyn-I-sf \ne-bn
Ghpw cq-ambn hnain--s-Xv A_p AAvem auZq-Z-nbpw
kn.F. AlvaZv aue-hn-bp-am-bn-cpp. auZqZn kmln_v ]m-n-m\n-em-bn-cp--Xn-\m- Fs hnai\w t\p-t\sc At-l-n\v
Fp-I-bn-sv Rm a\-n-em-n-bn-cpp. Cu hnShv Fm
Ignbpw hn[w Rm \nI-n-bn-pv. auZq-Zn-s-Xn-cn Rm Dbnb Ghpw apJy-amb hnjbw ilm-Zv Ien-a-bpsS A-n
Kpcp-X-c-amb amw hcp-n-sb--XmWv. Fs hmZw HutZym-Kn-Iambpw DX \ne-hm-c-nepw At-l-ns apn Fn--Wsav Rm Binp. 1973 BZy-ambn AXn-\p Hcp {iaw \Sn.
kpDuZn hnZym-`ymk hIp-nse cp DX hyn-I tIc-f-n
hp. kpsse-^olv, Aao A_vZp Fn-h. sImn hnam-\-mh-f-n-emWv Ah BZyw hn-d-n-bXv. sImn aplm-Pn-Zo Hmdnb sslkvIq BUn-tm-dn-b-n shv Ahv kap-Nn-Xamb Hcp hc-thv \S-n-bn-cpp. Cu ki\ hnhcw e`n--tm Rm Ad-_n-bn hni-Z-amb Hcp tNmZyw Xm-dmn A-Snp.
auZq-Zn-bpsS Xncp- hmZ-s-p-dnp Imcy-Im-c-W-k-ln-X-ap
Hcp tNmZyw. Ad_n DtZymK ta[m-hn-Isf ae-_m-dn-tev kzoI-cnp
sImp-t]m-Im Pam-Av t\Xm--fpsS Hcp kwLw A_-p
Pem aue-hn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n sImn-bn Fn-bn-cpp.
kzoI-c-W--S-n shv Cu tNmZyw AXn-Yn-I-fmb Ad-_n-Ipw

319

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Pam-Av t\Xm-pw apPm-lnZv ]WvUn-X-m-cn AhnsS

lmP-dp-m-bn-cp--hpw hnX-cWw sNbvXp. kwLm-S-I-cmb apPmlnZv {][m-\n-Iv FtmSv \oc-k-ap-mbn. B NS-ns Hu]Nm-cn-I-Xv Rm t]md-te]np F ]cmXn. Rm AXv apJ-hne-s-Sp-n. Ah-cpsS ZoL-ho--W-an-m-bva-bn Rm ]cn-X]np. Ad-_n-I ae-_m bm{X ]q-n-bmn sImn-bn aS-nsbn. sImn-hgn Xs-bm-bn-cpp aS--bm{X. bm{X-b-b-n-mbn
Rm\pw Nne kplr-p-fpw sNp. Pam-Av t\Xm--fpsS Npf-hn Ah AXn-Yn-Im-bp apdn-bn hn{i-an-p-Ib
- mWv. Rm
kemw ]dp Ib-dn-sp. Ah Fgp-tv kemw aSn Fs
ssI]n-Snv Fs ]pd-tv Iqn-sm-p-t]mbn. F\n--h-cp-ambn
ap ]cn-N-b-an-m-bn-cpp. ]s, Fs tNmZym-hen hmbn-p-Ibpw
Pam-Av t\Xm--fn \nv hni-Z-ambn Fs-p-dnv Adn-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cpp. Pam-Av A\p-`m-hn-Ifpw KpW-Imw-n-I-fp-amb Ad_n DtZym-K- Fs A\p-\-bn-n-m {ianp. Pam-Av t\Xmv Fs-p-dn-p henb aXn-ns Hcp Nn{X-amWv Ah
BZyw Ah-X-cn-n-Xv. Atm Xs F\nv Imcyw ]nSn-Inn. Cu
Zp\n-bm-hn Ah Ghpw shdp-tm-Sp-IqSn ImWp hyn Rm\msWv F\n--dnbmw. ]ns Fm-WnXv? shdpw tkmnw-K-v. hnai\w Hgn-hmn Ign-bp--S-tmfw Pam-A-p-ambn kl-I-cnp
t]mIWw F D]-tZ-i-amWv Ah \In-bXv. Rm k-Xnp.
]s, Hcp \n_-\. Fs tNmZy-n\p adp-]Sn InWw. ssiJv
C_v\p-_m-kn \npw \n adp-]Sn hmn-X-cWw. Fs hmZw
sXm-sWv Atlw Imcy-Im-c-W-k-lnXw ]d-bp--]w Rm
amp ]c-ky-s-Sp-p-Ibpw Pam-A-ns klm-bn-bmbn amdp-Ibpw
sNp--XmWv. Ah k-Xnp. R ktm-j-ambn ]ncnp.
Rm tNmZyw ssiJn\v X]m-en Ab-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ASp
hjw Rm ln\v t]mbn. Ahn-sS-shv ta]-d {]ap-Jsc
Rm Ip. Ah-cn \nv Hcp Hgn-p-am--amWv A\p-`-h-s-Xv.
Ah Gp-t]mb {]Imcw ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kp-ambn _-s-S
Dm-bn-sv Rm ]no-S-d-np. Rm ssiJns\ Ip. tNmZyw
Inn Fv Atlw ]dp. Xs Hcp Ih-dnv e-tdm-sSmw
tNmZyw auZqZn kmln-_n\v Ab-n-p-spw At-l-ns adp]Sn e`n tijw thXv sNm-sapw ssiJv ]dp. F\nv
ktm-jhpw Bizm-k-hp-ambn. Fs hnai\w t\p-t\ Ft-

320

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n-Sv Fn-bn-cn-p-p-htm. ]s, adp-]Sn Dm-bn. Hpcp XhW ssiJns {i-bn s]Spn. hcs, Imn-cnmw
F-tlw ]dp. ssiJv AhI a\x-]q-amb Hcp au\w
]men-p--Xp-t]mse F\nv tXmn. ]noSv Rm tNmZn-n.
kpDu-Zn-bnse {]ap-J-cmb ]e ]WvUn-X-mpw Imcyw t_m-[y-sn-p-sv k-n-- F\nv a\-n-embn. ]s, Bcpw Xpdv {]Xn-I-cn-p-n. kpDuZn `c-W-Iq-S-n- auZq-Znv henb ]cnKW-\b
- pv. Cym D]-`q-J-WvU-n Ckvem-anI `c-Wn\p thnbp Pnlm-Zns Ghpw D-X-\mb hm-hmbn auZqZn ]cn-K-Wn-s-Spp. sImmcw BZ-cn-p Hcp hyn-s-Xn-cn Bcpw
i_vZn- AhnsS ]Xn-hn. Rm DtZymK kuI-cy- shSnp
kztZiw ]qIn-b-Xns {]kn Hcn-IqSn F\nv t_m[y-ambn.
hj- ]nsbpw \on. F]-Xp-I-fpsS BZy-n Rm
kpDu-Zn-bn \np aS--bm-{X-bn ]mIn-m-\n GXm\pw
Znhkw Xn. av shv ASpw e`n Nne ke^o- ]WvUnX
kplr-p- F\n--hnsS Dm-bn-cpp. Idm-n-bn shv Ahcp-ambn Btem-Nn tijw auZqZn kmln-_n\v Ad-_n-bn Rm
Hcp Iv Xm-dmn. kplr-p--fpsS klm-b-tmsS auZqZn
kmln-_ns sk{I--dnv t\cnp sImSpp. adp-]Sn Cy-bn-tev
Abmw F-tlw Gp. ]s, Hcn-epw AXv hn. \o
Imn-cnv Xs ^ew. ]no-SmWv aAv\m "em-C-eml C-mlp'
F Xe-hm-N-I-n Rm Hcp ]pkvXIw Ad-_n-bn Fgp-Xn-bXv.
AXv A-Snv \mnepw hntZ-ipw Ign-bpw-hn[w ]cn. B
IrXnsb Ipdn-p \ncq-]-W-amWv ssiJv C_v\p-_m-kns {]kn-amb aPvaq-Av ^Xmh F {K-n hXv.
Rm ]d--Xns Npcpw: Fs hnai\w Rm auZqZn
kmln_v ac-W-s-Sp--Xn\v apv Xs At-l-ns ssII-fn
Fnp. adp-]Sn Xm Rm Xs {]kn-o-I-cn-p-sav Atl-tmSv hmKvZw sNp-Ibpw sNbvXp. kk-_o-en-eqsS hnain--s Fm-hpw Cu Ah-kcw Dm-bn-cpp. hnc-en
Fm-hp--h am{X-amWv CXv D]-tbm-Kn-Xv. Sn.sI. A_vZp apkven-bm- ]c--\-mSn, Xncp-h-\--]pcw ]mfbw Ppam-a-kvPnZv Camw
Bbn-cp A_vZp K^m auehn Fn-h teJ-\- Abp.
Ah adp-]-Sn-tbm-Sp-IqSn {]kn--s-Spn. ]no-S-h ]nhmn.

321

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AX-msX Ahv \nhr-n-bn-m-bn-cpp. bpn-hmZn t\Xm-fmWv Ghpw am\y-amb kwhm-Z-n\v Hcp-n-h-Xv. tIcf bpnhmZn kwL-ns {]kn-Upw ]c-tam-X t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp
Fw.kn. tPmk^v, ae-_m-dn ]cs Adn- b- s bpn- hmZn
]n.kn. IS-epn Fn-h "ssZhw C' F hnj-bs Bkv]-Zamn teJ-\- Abp. cp-t]-tcbpw Rm Hcp kwhm-Z-n\v
Xpd In-eqsS Wn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. AXn BZyw CS-s]-Xv
{io Fw.kn. tPmk^v ho-em-bn-cpp. ZoL-Imew bpn-hmZn
{]m-\-ns {]apJ tXcm-fn-bmbn tim`n tZlhpw bpn-hmZn
amkn-I-bpsS k-h-kz-hp-am-bn-cpp Atlw. sImn-bnse Hcp
{][m\ ke^o {]h-I\pw Fs {]tXyI kvt\ln-X-\p-amb
B.F. lwk am-sd-sImv Rm Fgp-Xn sNdp-te-J-\-amWv
BZy-ambn tPmk^v ho-en-\-b-Xv. adp-]-Sn-sb-tmW-w {lkz-amb
Hcp Ipdnv hp. Hcp {kjvSmhv Ds hmZw \nc-Ihpw ]cnlm-ky-hp-am-sWv Atlw hmZnp. ssZh-hn-izmkw A-hn-izm-kam-sWpw aX-hn-izm-kn-I Aev]--cm-sWpw [z\n-n-p
Al-m-c-ns Nph teJ-\-n-ep-S-\ofw \nd-p-\np. Xs
teJ-\-n\v Bsc-nepw adp-]Sn Ab-m Xs bpn-hmZn amknI-bnepw {]kn-o-I-cn-m-sav Atlw Gp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Rm tPmk^v ho-ens teJ\w Fs B-an-{Xhpw kk-_o-ens hnm\ ssKUp-amb tUm. Dkvam kmln-_n\v Abp-sIm-Spp. ASp e-n-tev adp-]Sn Xm-dm--W-sav
A`yn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. {io tPmk^v ho-en\v adp-]Sn F
Xe-hm-N-I-n tUmIvS kpZoL-amb teJ\w Abp. bpnhm-Z-ns \sp XIp hnm-\-ns sh-m--am-bncpp B teJ\w. sshcp-ym-[n-jvTnX `uXn-I-hm-Z-ns At-Xe-bv hsc HmSn--bdn AXns \nc-I-Xbpw A-iq-\yXbpw Bthmfw t_m[y-sv ssZh hnizm-k-n-tepw Ckvem-antepw HmSn-n-Xv aS-n-sbn kmXzn-I-\mbn PohnXw \bn-ncp tUmIvSv Xncn--Sn-m-\p \sm-cm-bp-[-amWv In InnbXv. "bpn-hmZ'-n\v ta Ckvem-anI bpn-hn-Nmcw Xpfp-n\np Xs Xqen-I-sImv Xepw hnepw Atlw Bpshn. AwK-`wKw kw`-hn \ne-bn bpn-hmZw Xd-]n ]nSp.
{ioam tPmk^v ho A-cp. bpn-hm-Zn-I Xe-Ip-\np.
AXv hmbn aX-hn-izm-kn-I ]pf-Iw -sImp. Fw.kn. tPmk^v

322

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xs hmKvZw ]men-n. At-l-ns amkn-I-bn B teJ\w

{]kn--s-Sp-m-sav Gn-c-p--XmWv. hmp-]m-en-m hcm-hp
bpn-hmZ \jvSw At-l-n\v t_m[y-ambn. ]s, kXy-n\v
hg-m Atlw Hcp--an-m-bn-cpp. tUmI-S Dkvam kmln-_ns Adn-hn-s\bpw Ign-hn-s\bpw {]tXyIw {]iw-kn-p-sImv X{]qw B kwhm-Z-n \npw Atlw Xe-bqcn. kk-_o-en\v
hcn-m hnp. ]gb tImn-Iv Hcp-]mSv Bh-iy-m Ibp. AXn {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw lnp--fp-ap-m-bn-cpp. Atm-gmWv
Xncp-h-\--]pcw hn.sP.n lmfn bpn-hmZn kwL-ns tIcf
kt-f\w \S-p hnh-cw- In-n-bXv. Cu kwhmZw Hcp {]tXyI
eLp-te-J-bmbn A-Sn-np. "aXhpw bpn-hm-Zhpw' F Xe-hm-NI-n. B kt-f-\-n Fp--hv AXv hnX-cWw sNm-
Xocp-am-\np. sImn-bmWv Cu {]h-\--fpsS tI{-ambn \nesIm-Xv. sImn-bnse Ghpw anSp-\m-b- kwLm-S-I-\pw- apPmln-Zv
{]h-I\pw Fs kl-Im-cnbpw kplrpw, Rm Ftm sImn-bn Dm-bn-cp-mepw Fs tam-t\z-j-W--fn hym]r-X-\mbn apgp-h ka-bhpw Fs {in-p-Ibpw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw sNp- am-\y-hy-n-bp-am-b- Fs kk-_o akvPn-Zns apX-h-nbpw
]cn-]m-e-I-\p-ambn- kZm kPo-h-\mbn Cpw XpS-cp sI.sI. Da
kmln_v B eLp-te-J-bpsS `mWvU-hp-ambn X\nv Xncp-h-\--]p-ctv bm{X-bmbn. Da kmln_v \-bn Fpw Dm-ln-bm-bnmWv F\nv A\p-`-h-s-n-p-Xv. Atlw Xncp-h-\--]p-cv sNp
kwLm-S-I-cp-ambn _-sp. eLp-teJ ImWnp AXv lmfn
Fp--h-v sKbvn \np-sImv hnX-cWw sNm A\p-aXn
tNmZnp. kwLm-S-I hfsc am\y-ambn AXn\v A\p-hmZw \IpI
am{X-a, kuIcyw Gs-Sp-n-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. am{X-a,
Hcp--am-sW-n kt-f-\-n teiw kwkm-cn-p-hm kabw
A\p-h-Zn-m-sapw Da-dn-t\mSv Ah ]dp. Da kmln_v {]kwK-I-\. AXp-sImv B Ah-kcw D]-tbm-Kn-p-hm Ign-n.
Cs\ Hcp cwKw Duln-m-s\-nepw Ign-n-cp-p-sh-n Xobmbpw Rm Da-dn-t\m-sSmv B tbmK-n\v t]mIp-am-bn-cpp.
]noSv tUm. Sn.F.Fw. Xzmln kmln-_ns (sImn) t\Xr-Xz-n-
B eLp-teJ hopw Bbn-c--W-n\v A-Sn-np. tUm. Xzmln
_pn-Po-hn-bmb Hcp ke^o Nn-I\pw \smcp hmb-\m-io-e\pw
Bbn-cpp. kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS Hcp ` Fp ]d-bm-hp

323

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ah--bn Atlw \ne-sIm-p-tm-gmWv kk-_o _w

XpS-n-bXv. _pn-am-\mb tUm. Xzmln kXyw {Klnp. As\
kk-_o-ens i-\mb kl-Im-cn-bmbn. "aXhpw bpn-hm-Zhpw'F eLp-teJ hopw Xncqm-Sp-\npw Fs aI ap_m-d-ns {ia-^-e-ambn A-Snp. Iayq-Wn-k-ns B[mcine-bmb
sshcp-ym-[n-jvTnX `uXnIhmZs kw_-nv tUmIvS kk_o-en-se-gp-Xnb teJ-\-]-c--cbpw AXn tNmWv {]kn-o-I-cnXv. ]n.kn. IS-epn F Xqen-Im-\m-a-n Adn-b-s bpnhmZn t\Xmhpw tUm. Dkvam\pw Xn \S kwhm-Z-ns cmw
Lhpw Ds-Sp-n-b-tm AXv Hcp ]pkvXIw Xs-bmbn. Cs\ CkvemanI {]Nm-cW hoYn-bn bpn-hm-Zn-I-fp-ambn apJm-apJw
kwh-Zn GI ]{Xw F JymXn kk-_o-en\v e`np. CXn\v ss[cyhpw in-bp-ta-Inb Am-lp-hn\v k kvXpXnbpw.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

43
kn.F. aue-hnbpw Rm\pw
{]i-kvX-\mb kn.F. AlvaZv auehn Fs BZi {]Nm-cW
hoYn-bnse FXn-cm-fn-I-fn Gsd i-\m-bn-cpp. At-l-n-s\Xn-cn Rm ]Xn-m-p-I CS-X-S-hn-msX Fgp-Xp-Ibpw {]kw-Knp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fmw XnIpw BZi-]-c-am-bn-cpp. kn.F.
Hcp {]kw-K-I-\mbn tim`n-n-n. ]t, B XqenI hfsc Hgp-pXpw ihpw efn-X-hp-amb ssien-bm hmb-\-msc Gsd
BIjn--Xm-bn-cpp. Ghpw Kl-\-amb hnj-b-- t]mepw
lrZy-ambpw efn-X-ambpw hnh-cn-p-hm-\p aue-hn-bpsS Ignhv
A]m-c-am-bn-cpp. ae-bm-f-nse {]i-k-X
v- - Jp-B hymJym-Xmhv,{K-Imc- Fo \ne-If
- n hnZym-k
-
- c
- mb apkv-en- w-In-Sb
- nepw hmb-\-m-io-e-cmb Aap-kvenw-In-S-bnepw Khsa v Xe-n t]mepw kn.F aue-hnv henb AwKo-Im-c-ap-m-bn-cpp. icoAv \nb-a--fnse ]e hnj-b--fnepw t`Z-KXn thW-sav Binp-Ibpw i_vZn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp tamtU-Wnv Nnm-K-Xn-m-kn.F. aue-hnsb Gsd CjvS-sp. AYhm Xs cN\m ssh`-hn-eqsS Acw Bi-b-m hn-p-shv kmcw. Ccw "]p-

324

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tcm-K-a\m'-ib-m At-ls alm]WvUn-X Fv kZm hmgvn-sm-n-cpp. Hcp Ime-L--n Fw.C.Fns amK-Zi-I\mb ]WvUn-X-\mbn kn.F. hnti-jn-n--s-n-cpp.
Cs\ kYm hmgv-s Hcp ]WvUnX tIk-cnsb Fgp-Xnbpw {]kw-Knpw \nc-cw FXnp-I-sb-Xv X]-ky-bm-nb Hcps\ D-X-X-e--fn-ep--h F{X \oc-k-tmsS hne-bn-cp-ptam
AXmWv F\nv e`n-Xv. ]s, Rm \ncm-i-\m-bn. thZ-\-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn. Fs hoYn-bn \npw ]nhm-p-Itbm Ad-p\np-Itbm sNbvXX-p-an. kXy-tm-Sp AS-m B`n-apJyw
am{X-amWv Fs \bn-Xv. Bfp-I-fpsS htam hen-tam {]i-kvXntbm am{Xw t\mn Xp-Ibpw sImp-Ibpw sNp at\m-`mhw
sNdpw apX Xs Fp-sImtm Rm ioen-n. sXfn-hp-I-fpsS _em-_-e-amWv Rm B[m-c-am-n-bXv. ssiJp Ckvemw
C_v\p-ssX-an Camw ^Jvdp-o dmkn apl-Zv_v\p A_vZn
hlm_v Fo alm]cn-jvIm--fpsS Nne A`n-{]m-b--sf-bpw
hni-Zo-I-c-W--tfbpw hnai-\m--I-amb \ne-bn Rm ssIImcyw sNbvX-tm [nm-cnbpw Al-m-cnbpw F hnti-jWw
Fs Xe-bn sIn-sh--sp. ]s, Bsf -t\m-n-bn. sXfnhmWv Rm t\mn-bXv. Bsf t\mn Xp-Ibpw sImp-Ibpw
sNp kz`mhw ]I-hym-[n- t]mse ]S-XmWv Cu kap-Zm-bn\v hp-`-hn Zptcym-K--fn {][m\w. Rm B ioe-m-c-\mbn-cp-p-sh-n inn-sbpw Ip^vdn-sbpw I\ he-b-n
\npw Hcn-epw Rm c {]m]n-p-am-bn-cp-n. Fs Kpcp-\m-Y\pw ]WvUn-X\pw A-m-h-\p-am-bn-cp A_q-_- apkvenbm,
F\nv XmSn-tcmaw apf-m {]mb-n BZi-ns t]cn
Fs D]-{Z-hnp. Fs lrZ-b-n apf-p-Xp-S-n-bn-cp XuloZns Cfw Iqp-I, AXv samn-Sp--Xn\v apv Duln--dnp ]ngpXp-I-f-bm {ian tZl-am-bn-cpp Atlw.- ]Tn--dn--Xn\v bmsXmcp hnebpw I]n-msX,- `qcn-]--ns AwKo-Im-c-n\pw
kzw \ne-\n]n\pw thn Fs Am-h F\n-s-Xn-cn Hcpnb Hcp sIWn-sb-p-dnv Rm t\cs ]d-n-pv. h henw t\mn-bn-cp-p-sh-n B sNdp-{]m-b-n Xs Fgp-tm Ign-bmsX Rm hoWp-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cpp. Fm B KqV{i-as t\cn-Sp-Ibpw kXyw ]c-ky-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p

325

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

X-hw Hcp henb kZ-ns apn \nm Am-lp Fs

A\p-{K-lnp. Imcp-Wy-hm-\mb dn\v kvXpXn! kXy-n-\p-thn
{]Xn-I-cn-m-\p tamlw sImp-\m apX Hcp -Zm-l-ambn Fs
]np-Sn-cp-p-sh-nepw AXn-\p ss[cyw DZn-Xv DkvXmZpw
Am-h-\p-amb A_q-_- apkvenbm-cp-ambn ]cky kw-hmZ-n\v
\n_-n--s B kml-N-cy-n-eq-sS-bm-bn-cp-p. B IY XpS-n hni-Zo-I-cn-p-htm.
ChnsS ]d-p-h-Xv kn.F. aue-hn-bp-am-bp Nne kwK-XnI-fmWv. F\nv At-ls henb _lp-am-\-am-bn-cpp. At-ln\v FtmSv \ kvt\l-hp-am-bn-cpp. ]e-tmgpw hfsc ASp-v
CS-]-g-Ip-Ibpw Hcp IpSpw_ kplr-mbn \ne-sIm-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p--tlw. Fs aq aI l_o-_bvv (Ctm ]n.Fkv.Fw.H. tImtf-Pn s{]m^-k) Hcp hnhm-lm-tem-N-\-bp-ambn Xncqm-Sp Fs hon auehn Hcn- hn-pv. A{Xbpw ASpv R CS-]-g-In-bn-cpp.
]s, Fs sRn-n-p-Ibpw Ap-X-s-Sp-p-Ibpw thZ-\nn-p-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp kw`-h-ap-mbn. ae-pdw Pn-bnse Icp-hmc-I-pv F e-p-\npw "Akmcn'- F t]cn Hcp amknI
kn.F auehn {]kn-o-I-cn-n-cpp. CXn "A- Akv' F
Jp-B-\nse sNdnb Aym-b-n\v Atlw H-cp- hymJym-\-sa-gpXn.
1949emWv kw`hw. ""C--Zo\ Ba\q'' Cuam sImp am{Xta
a\p-jy\v c-bpq Fv {]Jym-]n-p hN-\-n\v ""{]]
bmYmy--fn hniz-kn-pI'' Fv Atlw A-sa-gpXn.
tijw Cs\ hni-Zo-I-cnp:- ]mm-Xy \yqtam-Wnb F tcmKn\v acpv Ip-]n-Snp. `qK` Kth-jW ^e-ambn PIm
Hcp-]mSv hnm\w t\Sn apn-sen. ]e ]co-W \nco--W-fn-eqsS Ah `uXnI bmYmy--fn ]eXpw Isn. As\ ]mm-Xy `uXnI hnP-bhpw ]ptcm-KX
- nbpw Ic-a
- mn. Fm ]uc-kvXy Ccw hnj-b--fn hnap-J-cmbn Ignp. AXn\m Ah ]cm-Pn-X-cm-Ip-Ibpw A[x-]-Xn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atlw hymJym-\n Cuam hmbnp Rm sRp-Ibpw At-bw
thh-em-Xn-s-Sp-I-bp-ap-mbn. Am-lp-hn-ep hnizm-k-s-pdntm ]c-tem-I-s-p-dntm Cuams hymJym-\-p-dn-n bmXpp-an. Ak-ly-amb a\x-{]-bmkw. CXv hmbn-p ]epw

326

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Cmcyw Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-ambn tXmmw. F\nv Ak-l-\o-bX A\p`-h-s--Xns ImcWw asm-p-Iq-Sn-bmWv. i-amb H-cp- Xqen-IbpsS DS-a-bmWv kn.F. auehn. B \nev At-l-ns Kpcp-Xc-amb Cu ]ng-hn-s\-p-dnv {]Xn-I-cn-msX hnSp-Xv aX-cw-Kv
Nnm-]-c-amb h hn]-mbn `hn-p-sav Rm `b-sp. Adnhpw
kXy-tmSv B`n-ap-Jy-hp-ap GsX-nepw ]WvUn-X-m {]Xn-I-cnt-mw Fm-iz-knv au\n-bm-Ip-hm F\nv tXmn-bn. Cu
ioe-amWv F\nv ]e-tmgpw i{Xp-sf hn-n-Xpw Nne-tm
an{X-sf Gn--Xpw. IpSpw-_-nepw kaq-l-nepw Cu h\hv Cpw XpS-cp-I-bm-sWv tXmpp.
Rm kn.F. aue-hnv Hcp I-bp. ""Xm-fpsS Cu hni-ZoI-c-W-n\v Hcp hnai\w FgpXn Ab-m Akmcn amkn-I-bn-
{]kn-o-I-cn-ptam'' Fv At\z-jn-p--Xm-bn-cpp Inse ImX. Hcp adp-]S- nbpw Dm-bn. Ipsd Imn-cpp. XssYh!- \mfp-It- fsd Ignp. Hcn-Sv shv aue-hnsb t\cn Ip. I-b-Xpw
adp-]-Snv Imn-cp-Xpw Hmn-np. Atlw ]dp: ""Iv Innbn-cpp. adp-]Sn Ab-n. ImcWw \nsmpw AXn-\-l-Xbn.-'' Rm Hcn- IqSn sRn. thZ-\np. Hcn-kvem-an-I ]Wv-Un-X\v
Cs\ [nm-chpw Al-m-chpw ]d-bm Ign-bptam? thZ-\n-p-sImv Xs Rm ]nhmn. ]noSv Rm \nc--c-am-bn {]mn-psIm-n-cpp. ""Am-lpth, kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS \ho-\-amb apgph Nnm-co-Xn-Ip-sa-Xn-cn {]Xn-I-cn-m\pw {]h-n-m-\p-ap AlX Ipd-s-nepw Cu km[p-hn\v I\n-p \tI-Wta''
Imcp-Wy-h-\mb dv A-]w AlX I\n-p-\-In. Rm {]hnp. FgpXn. {]kw-Knp. \o ]Xn-m-p-I. kk-_o
amknI XpS-m F\nv ss[cyw e`n Imc-W--fn- asmcp
{][m\ hnjbw kn.F. aue-hn-s-Xn-cn i_vZn-m-\p- hy{K-Xbm-bn-cpp. Am-lp-hns Xu^o-J-v sImv Bim-h-lam-b ^e-apmbn. kn.F. aue-hn-s-Xn-cn-ep Fs BZ-ib
- pw Hcp \o-
IY-bmWv. Nnn-p-Xpw ckn-n-p-Xpw thZ-\n-n-p--Xpw Bizkn-n-p--Xp-amb \nc-h[n Hm-I-fpsS IY. AXn {][m-\-s
Hcp kw`hw ]dbmw. ssiJv apl-Zv \ko-^n-s Ncn{Xw Ipdv
t\cs ]d-p-htm. dm_n-Xz-bpsS ap sk{I-dn P\-depw ^lvZv
cmPm-hns iqdm sNbam-\p-amb A_vZp Da \ko-^ns ]nXm-a-

327

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

l-m-cn ssiJv apl-Zv Da \kzo^v F alm-\p-ambn F\nv

]cn-N-b-s-Sm ku`mKyw knn Imcyw apv hnh-cn-n-pv.
Atm amn-sh Hcp kw`-h-am-Wn-tm ]d-bp-Xv. kn.F. auehn-bp-ambn _-s hnj-b-am-b-Xn-\m Ctmv amn-sh--XmWv.
kn.F. cNn Hcp {K-amWv "Ckvem-anse [\-hn-X-cW ]Xn.'
Rm Hcn- kpDu-Zn-bn-ep--tm Cu {K-ns Cwojv
]cn-`mj aue-hn-bpsS Nne injy-m aptJ\ dm_n-Xz-bn kanp-Ibpw AXns temI {]Nm-cW
-
- n-mbn klm-ba
- n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ssiJv apl-Zv \kzo-^ns i-amb ip]mi {]Xo-np-sIm-m-bn-cpp Cu \S-]Sn. Fm kn.F. AhnsS Fn-bncp-n. Atm F\nv tXmn.- ASp hjw Atlw l-n\v
hcm-\p apsm-cp--am-Wn-sXv. Rm \mn-tev aSn. Cu
hnjbw Fs a\-n Xd-p-In-S-p. kn.F. auehn Hcp DX
{K-Im-c-\m-Ipp. Ad-_n-bn ]cn-m-\-an-m--h-pw `u-Xn-Ihn-Zym-`ym-kw- t\Sn- D-b- a--c--fn- hn-lcn-p--h-pw- XmcX-tay\ hmb-\m-io-e-ap--hpw Ckvem-an-s\-p-dnv ]Tn-m
kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS IrXn-I Hcp XpW-bmbn KWn-n-cp Imeam-WXv. s]cp-m-hq-cnse acn-m IpSpw-_mw-Khpw [\m-Vy\pw kapZmb X]-c\pw aX-kvt\-ln-bp-amb A_vZp aPoZv acn-m kmln_ns klm-b-nepw kwc--W-nepw kn.F. Xs cN-\ \n-ln-p Ime-am-bn-cpp 1960IfpsS Bcw-`-Imew. aPoZv acn-m
kmln-_ns ]npW At-l-ns {]h-\-v Ipd-smp-a XW-te-In-bXv. ]gb Ckz-vemlo BZi-m-c\pw Fpw
t\cn-Sm sI]p ico-chpw a\-p-ap Bfm-bn-cp ssiJv
]coXv kmln_pw At-l-ns hew-ssI-bmbn s]cp-m-hq-cn
Dm-bn-cpp. ITn\ Jpdm-^m-ns B \mn kn.F. aue-hnv
Dd-p-\nm Cu cv klm-b-l-kvX- in \In.
Fm XnIpw {]Xn-Iqe kml-N-cy--fn At-l-n\v
Amlp \Inb ]np-Wbpw kwc--Whpw Am-lp-hns Zo\ns\ hnI-e-amn Nn{Xo-I-cn-p--Xn-\p-th-n-bmWv Xs t]\ auehn
Nen-n-Xv. tJZ-I-chpw Gsd \n`m-Ky-I-c-hp-amb Imcyw! Xs JpB XP-a-bnepw klo-lp _pJmcn XP-a-bnepw an-Xc {K-fnepw hf-sc-tbsd A hyXym-khpw \qX\ hymJym-\-fpw
\In Hcp Xncp-hmZn t\Xm-hmbn Atlw {]hn-p-I-bp-

328

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m-bXv. Jp-B-\nse At\Iw Bb-p-Iv Atlw Aw

sXnp. {]hm-N-I-m-cn-eqsS Amlp shfn-s-Sp-nb apAvPnkp-I (Akm-[m-cW ApX kw`-h-)sf Atlw ]cn-lm-kyamn. shdpw km[m-cW kw`-h--fmn Xcw-Xmgvn. _lp-`m-cyXzw, A\--cm-h-Imiw XpS-nb ]e \nb-a--tfbpw Zphym-Jy-m\nv
Ime-n-s\m-nv tImew amdm Atlw Xo{h-{iaw \Sn. kz-lolp _pJmcn XP-abvv Atlw cNn apJ-hpc XP-a-tb-m
IqSp-X t]Pp-I sImv \n_n-V-am-bn-cpp. _pJm-cn-bpsS lZokp-I-fpsS CUIvkv Ht-ap-m t]Pv Bbn-cp--tm Xs
apJ-hp-c-bpsS CUIvkv ct-Im t]Pm-bn-cpp. ApXw!{]hm-N-I-tbpw A\p-N-c-m-cp-tSbpw Ncn{Xw hni-Zo-I-cn-p B
apJ-hpc Ckvem-ans GXv FXn-cm-fn-I-tfbpw kwXr-]vX-am-p
\ne-bn {Iqc-am-bn-cpp. kzlm-_n-In-S-bn cmjv{So-b-ambn
Dm-bn-o Nne `n-X-Isf ]-Xo-I-cnv ImWn-p-sImv
Cm-es cmjv{So-b-m A[n-Im-c-n-\p-thn \S-p IpXnImsh-epw {Kqv kwLm-S-\-hp-ambn kam-\-am-pw-hn[w Nn{Xo-I-cnp-I-bmWv Atlw sNbvXXv. ka-Im-enI cmjv{So-b-m-cmb A[nIm-c-tam-ln-I-fp-ambn Chsv hyXymkw Fv km[m-cW hmb\-mv tXmpwhn[w Atlw Xs t]\-bnse ajn Hgpn.
hw aue-hn-bpsS acp-a-I-\m-bn-cp Fs kplrv apl-Zv
A_vZp-km-ln_v Cu apJ-hp-c-sb-p-dnv Hcp i-amb hnai\w
kk-_o-en Hcn- Fgp-Xp-I-bp-mbn.
hnip Jp-B-\nse Ghpw {][m-\-s "Cm-I -\Av_pZp'F hN-\-n\v auem\m auZq-Zn-bpsS A-hy-Xn-bm-\-n\v
]np-W-tb-Ip coXn-bmWv Atlw Ah-ew-_n-Xv. kn.F.
aue-hn-bpsS hyXn-bm-\--fn Ghpw Kpcp-X-c-amb Imcyw CXp-Xs-bmWv. ""\n-s I]-\-It R hnt[-b-ambn Pohn-p-Ibpq.'' F-v- A-t-lw- A-w- sIm-Sp-p.- ""\n-s- am-{X-ta- R-- B-cm-[n-p-I-bp-q''- Fp ]d-tb m\v Cu Aw
]I-c-am-bm-ep-m-Ip nXn AXoh Kpcp-X-c-amWv. Am-lp-hns\
Bcm-[n-p--Xn-t\m-sSmw ap h-Xn-t\bpw Bcm-[n-m a\p-jy Im^n-dm-Ip-sa--XmWv bYm Aw. Bcm-[-\-bn ]d-bp
"am{Xw' F I-i-amb D]m-[n-bmWv Ckvem-an-Im-Zi-ns
s\Spw-Xq. ap aXm-Zi--fn \npw Ckvem-ans\ thXn-cn-

329

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p aqe-L-S-Ihpw CXp-Xs. CXn-t-emWv auZqZn In-shXpw kn.F. auehn Bp-sh-n-bXpw. am-cp-sS-sb-nepw \nb-av Iogvs-tS-n-h-m a\p-jy Im^n-dm-Ip-sa-mWv Cu
A hymJym-\-ns Zpjv^ew. As\ Hcp \nbaw Amlp
\In-bn-n. dkq \nt-in-n-n. amXr-I-bn-en--Xm\pw.
Rm kpDu-Zn-bn-tev t]mIp-tm cp hnj-b--fmWv Fs
a\-ns\ aYn-n-cp-Xv. Hv auZq-Znkw. cv {]i-kvX\pw Xqen-Imssh-`-h-m Xnf-n- \np--Xp-amb kn.F. auehn. Atlw
Xs t]\-sImv Ckvem-ans Bi-b- Hsm-mbn Ipno-dp-Ibpw AXn \nsm-en-p-h-cp tNmc hnZym-k--cpw
`uXn-I-{]-Xm-]n-I-fp-amb apkvenw kplr-p- sXfn-\ot]mse
Dun-p-Sn-p-Ibpw sNpp. Rm ]T-\-n\v kpDu-Zn-bn-tev
t]mIp-tm ta ]d cp Iqcpw A-c--fn-eqsS \S-p
Ib-dp-I-bmWv. Ipn-Isf tNm-\-msX kvIqfn t]mbn-n-m
km[p-hmb Rm Fp sNpw? Ad_n ae-bm-f-n Jp-B-\ns ]cn-`m-jbpw AXym-hiy hymJym-\hpw Rm FgpXn ]qo-Icn-n-cpp. ]s, AXv apgp-h {]kn-o-I-cn-m Av Ign-n-pan. apkvenw kaq-l-n-sbpw ]ptcm-ln-X-q--n-sbpw apJw
Xncn-epw FXnpw klm-bn-I-fpsS A]-cym-]vX-Xbpw hnZym-\n-[nIv Ad_n ae-bm-f-tm-Sp ]p-a-t\m-`m-h-hp-samw CXn\v
Imc-W-ambn `hnp. i_vZw apg-m sI]n-m Xqen-Ibpw
\odp a\-p-ambn Rm \mSp-hn-s-nepw Xncn-p-hv Ign-hn-s\mv t]mcm-S-W-sav tamlnp. {]mnp. tamlw AXn-tam-l-ambn.
t\mo-kp-I, eLp-te-J-I, {]kw-K-. Hcp ]{Xw XpS--W-sap Bi HcSn aptmpw cSn ]ntmpw F \ne-bn t]dn
\Sp. hj- ]eXpw Ignv 1971 AXv ]qhnp. C{Xbpw
Bhn-Xv kn.F. auehn Fs a\-n Ah-K-Wn-m Ignbm Bib Xo{h-X-bpsS taem-f-\mbn IpSn-tb-dn-bn-cpp Fv
Adn-bn-m am{X-amWv. hyn-bpsS {]i-kvXntbm {]K--Xtbm
{]iv\-a. hnj-b-ns {]m[m-\yhpw AXns sXfn-hp-I-fp-amWv
apJyw.
ssiJv Da \ko-^ns Ncn-{X-hp-ambn kn.F. Imcyw _-sSpn ]d-bp--Xn\p apv Nne-Xp-IqSn \-f-dnt ]q. kk-_oens Xmfp-I \nc-cw Rm CXn-\p-]-tbm-Knp. Ctmgpw Bh--

330

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n-p-sIm-n-cn-pp. Bib kwhm-Z-ns Bh\w- hnc-kam-sWv ]dp Xn--f-b-cpXv. Jp-B F ]Z-ns Aw Xs "]mcm-bWw sNp-Xv' FmWv. Atm Jp-B-\n
\S-p An-a-dn-I-sf-p-dnv- Bhnv Dt_m-[n-n-p-sIm-ncn-Ww. t_m[-h-XvI-c-W-ns Imm-WXv.
"sN-S-en Hcp tdmUv' F Xe-hm-N-I-n Rm kk-_oen Hcp hna-i-\- te-J-\-w Fgp-Xn-bn-pv. hf-sc-tbsd Bfp-I
]Tn-p-Ibpw a\-n-em-p-Ibpw sNbvX Ncn{Xw. kn.F. auehn
Xs XqenI hmfmn amn shp-Ibpw Iodp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp
{][m\ hnj-b-am-WnXv. Ncn{Xw hnh-cn-p-n. Amlp {]tXyIw
A\p-{K-ln ZqX-m-cn {]ap-J-\mWv aqkm \_n. Amlp
t\cnp kwkm-cn t{ijvT. kpZr-V-amb ZrjvSm---fp-ambn Xulo-Zns {]t_m-[-\mw aqkm-\_n Xs ktlm-Z-c-\psamv
CuPn-]vXn-sen. ^tdm-h-bpsS sImm-c-n Ib-dn-sv Abm-sf
Ckvem-an-tev Wnp. kzkap-Zm-b-ns tamN\w Bh-iy-sp.
kwhm-Z- \Sp. ZrjvSm-- shfn-s-Spn. a-\--fp-sSbpw
]oU-\--fp-sSbpw \o ]c-c Fm-h-cp-a-dnbpw. HSp-hn Amlp-hns B-{]-Imcw kzkap-Zm-b-tbpw Iqn aqkm \mSphn-Sp-I-bmWv. hnh-c-a-dn ^n-Hu\pw Iqm-fn-Ifpw ]ndsI ]mp.
t\cw ]pe-bn Ah ]c-kv]cw Ip-apn. Atm Ckvdm-Cuey sN-Se
- ns Xocs-n-bn--cpp. apn kap{Zw! ]nn i{Xpk-mlw! Ah `b-N-In-X-cmbn!- aqkm-\_n Ah-tcmSv ]dp:- C,
\n `b-s-tS. Fs dv IqsS-bpv. Ah F\nv cmamKw ImWnpw.
Atm-gXm Iev]\ hp. \ns hSn-sImv kap-{Z-n ASnpI. ASn--tm kap-{Z-an-fIn. shw Ccp-h-i-tpw Hgnp
henb ae -t]mse \np. kap-{Z-n-\n-S-bn shhpw Nfn-bp-an-m DW-nb tdmUv Zriy-ambn! ae-Iodn Dm-nb tdmUv t]mse.
aqkm-\-_nbpw Iqcpw B hgn-bn-eqsS adp-Ic {]m]n-pp. ^tdmhbpw ssk\yhpw io{Lw ]nm-se-sbn. aqkmbpw Iqcpw adp-`mKv sNs-n-bn-cn-pp. Ckvdm-Cu-ey DI-WvT-tbmsS t\mn\nt kap{Zw ]q-n-Xn-bn \nIgvp! i-{Xp-- ]msS apn
acnp. Cu cbpw \mihpw Cu \nev Xs-bm-sWv PqXcpw
{InkvXym-\n-Ifpw hniz-kn-pp. Ata-cn--bnse PqX {InkvXym-

331

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\n-I tNv \nn sS Iam vsa vkv F tImSn-I sNe-hgn Ne-n-{X-n kmt-XnI hnZy-bpsS X{-m Cu cwKw
Ap-X-I-c-ambn {]Zin-n-n-p-sv AXv I-h ]dp. hnip Jp-B-\ns Hcp `mKw ap `mKs hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p-shv k-k-X X-z-{]-Imcw ]cn-tim-[n-m Cu hkvXp-X-bn hniz-knp-I-b-msX asmcp \nhr-n-bp-an.
kqd:- _J-d- 50-mw- h-N-\-n- kap-{Zs \mw ]nfn Fv ]dn-pv. ""^dJv\m'' Fm-Wn-hnsS {]tbmKw. ""\mw ]nfn''
Fw. Hm-bn-n-S Hcp hkvXp-hns\ cmbn `mKn--emWv
]nf. apf, Ihpv, ]eI Fnh ]nfn Fsms ]d-bp-Xp-t]mse. "\mw ]nfn' Fv Amlp {]tXy-I-ambn ]d-tm AXn-Ku-c-h-amb Hcp kmcw Xo-bmbpw Ahn-sS-bpv. AhcpsS {]b-Xv\-m Hcn-epw Ign-bm Imcyw Xs AP inbm Amlp \n-ln-p-shv kmcw. kqd:-- ipA-dm-Av- 63- C{]Imcw ImWmw:- "Atm kap{Zw ]nfp. Hmtcm ]mfnbpw henb
]Xw t]mse Bbn-op.' `oam-Im-c-amb ae -Iodn tdmUp-mn-bm AXns \Sp-hn \npw t\mn-bme-p ImgvN Hcp DZml-c-W-am-sb-Spmw. aqkm-\_n hSn-sIm-v IS-en ASn--tm
Amlp Dm-nb kap{Z ]m-X-sb- Cu DZm-l-c-W-n-eqsS a\n ImWmw. Cu kw`-hw Hcp IYtbm hymJym-\tam A. ZnhyhN-\-ns t\p-t\-sc-bp A-amWv.
kqd:- Xzml- 77 ""kap-{Z-n Hcp DW-nb hgn'' Fm-WpXv. Atm kap-{Z-n-eq-sS-bm-sWv hy-ambn. hfsc Bgn IW- Pew Xnn-\np Pem-i-b-am-Wtm kap-{Zw.
aW Xn-I-fn IqSn hf-p-Xn-cnp t]mb-Xm-bn-cp-p-sh-n
(F-m-Wv- kn.-F.- au-e-hn-bp-sS- Zp-hym-Jym-\w)- Ipd-sms shhpw Nfnbpw Nhn-msX bm{X km[y-a. AXy-p-X-I-c-amb Hcp
Ncn{X hrmw temIs tIn-p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS. kqd:-- ZpJm-24-.- aqkm \_n-tbmSv Amlp ]dp: ""kap-{Zs im-amb
\ne-bn hnt-p-t]m-IpI. \n-b-ambpw Ah apn sIm-s-Sp-
H-cp- ssk-\y-am-Ipp.'' Ckvdm-Cu-ey kkpJw Asc {]m]n-tm Cu kap-{Z-]m-X- DSs\ AS-p-t]m-I-W-sav Ah Bin-psh-n AXv kzm`m-hn-I-at. ImcWw i{Xp- B hgn-bn Cdp-I-bmWv. Ah kmbp-[cpw Ch \ncm-bp-[-cp-amWv. Ah C-

332

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sc-sb-n-bm IY Ignp. Atm `bhpw D-WvTbpw kzm`m-hn-I-amWv. tahN-\-ns k` kmcw AXp-Xs. im-amb \ne-bn Fw hcp ]Zw "dlvh-' FmWv. Jp-B
hymJym-Xm- an-hcpw Cu A-amWv ]d-n-p-Xv. ""Xpdp-In-S-p Ah--bn'' Fpw Nne ]d-n-pv. Cu ]Zns [mXp-hn \np "dlm' F {Inbm-cq-]-ns Imhm-bn "_lvdv' hm (dl _lv-dp) kap{Zw im-ambn FmWv
Fm `mjm]WvUn-X-mcpw A-w ]d-n-p-Xv.
Fm {]hm-N-I-m-cn-eqsS Amlp shfn-s-Sp-p Nne
Akm-[m-cW Ap-X-sf (apAvPnkv) Nne `uXn-I-m kXn-p-I-bn. k-Xn-m-et Ap-X-apq. kn.F. auehn ChnsS amv IqSp-X t\Sm {ian-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. bmsXmcp
]pXp-abpw Akm-[m-c-W-Xz-hp-an-m \ne-bn IS Xmn-S
kw`hw Nn{Xo-I-cn-m kml-k-s-Sp-I-bmWv Atlw sNbvXXv.
Xs Jp-B hnh\ kwcw-`-n\v ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-ambn \sm-cp
kwJy km ^n \npw A\p-h-Zn-v- -In-n-b-tXmsS km
anj-W-dnsb IqSp-X A\p-\-bn-n-m Jp-B-\nse Akm-[m-cW
hnh-c-sf km[m-cW kw`-h--fmn ]cn-hn-n-m t{]cn-Xam-Ip-I-bm-Wp-m-b-sXv hh-cpw Btcm-]n-m AXv Xopw
Xn--f-bm-h-X-tm. C_vdmlow \_n-bp-sSbpw kpsse-am\_n-bp-sSbpw Ncn-{X--fnse ApX kw`-h--sfbpw CXp-t]mse Atlw amn-a-dn-n-pv. aqkm-\-_n-bpsS Ncn-{X-n kn.F.
aue-hn-bpsS hmZ-KXn C-s\-bmWv. sN-S C-t-t]mse
Bghpw ]c-p-an-m--Xm-bn-cpp. Ib-fpw aWXn--Ifpw Ahn-ShnsS Dm-bn-cpp. Ib--fn CSdn hoWv apn-m-ImsX A-scsb-m X-hw aqkm- \-_npw hgn \ ]cn-N-b-am-bn-cpp.
As\ aqkm \_n apnepw kaqlw ]nn-ep-ambn aWXn-I-fneqsS kqnpw hf-p-Xn-cnp-w A-sc-sbn. ^tdm-hmpw
Iqpw hgn \ \n-b-an-m--Xn-\mepw Ckvdm-Cu-ey-tcm-Sp
ITn-\-amb tIm]w \nanw kqn-m-sXbpw Imen-Sdn Ib-n
hoWv apn---XmWv. ChnsS Ggp Imcy--fmWv Jp-B hncpw.
hmb-\-mv ]Tn-m D]-I-cn-p-sa--Xn-\m AXv Nqn-mWnmw.
1. Ckvdm-Cu-eysc \mw cnp Fv Amlp ]d-bpp. AXm-

333

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bXv kz{]-b-Xv\-m c {]m]n-m Ign-bm Kpcp-X-cm-h

kwPm-X-am-b-tm \psS AP--amb in-bm Akm-[m-cW
amK-n Ap-X-I-c-ambn c \In-sbv kmcw. kn.F. ]dbpp. A-s\-sbm-p-an. t\hgn ]cn-N-b-ap ka-cm-bncpp Ah. As\ kz{]-b-Xv\-m c-sp.
2. ^tdm-h-sbbpw Iq-tcbpw \mw apn-smp Fv Amlp
]d-bpp. Fm aue-hn-bpsS hmZw:- Ahv hgn \ ]cn-N-b-anm--Xn-\mepw tIm]-`m-c-m kqv-a- X Ah-ew-_n-m-Xp
sImpw Ib-n hoWp apn---XmWv.
3. IS-en-eq-sS-bmWv aqkbpw Iqcpw Asc {]m]n--sX-mWv Amlp ]d-bp-Xv. A-s\-b, aWXn--I hgn Ic-bn-eqsS-bmWv t]mb-sXv aue-hnbpw hmZnp!
4. kap-{Zs \mw ]nfn Fv Amlp ]d--tm, ]nf-X, As\ tXmn-b-Xm-sW-mWv kn.Fn-s hmZw!
5. kap{Zw ]nfv Hmtcm ]mfnbpw henb ae-t]m-se-bmbn Fv
Amlp Adn-bn-pp. A-s\-sbm-p-ap-m-bn-sv auehn ]Tnn-pp!
6. kap-{Z-n DW-nb ]mX FmWv ]SXp-cm Adn-bnXv. ]s, kn.F. auehn AXv k-Xn-p-n. A-s\-b,
t\cs AhnsS s]mn-\n-n-cp aWXn--I-fm-bn-cpp Fs{X At-l-ns Adn-bnv!
7. aqkm-\-_nbpw Iqcpw A-c-sb-n-bnpw kap-{Z-]mX As\-X-s -\np. i{Xp- AXn-eqsS Bn-cn hp. Atm
hnShv \nIn Ahsc Iq-tmsS \in-np Fv dv Adn-bn-Xns\ Xncpn ]d-bm auehn _-sp. kqva-X-bn-m-bva-bm
Imen-Sdn hoWp \in--Xm-sWp {]mtbm-KnI cq]w Atlw Isn!
apn t]mIp--h Cs\ apn-m-Ip-Xv ImWp-tm
]nn hcp--h Ipd-smp kqn-m-Xn-cn-ptam? Hcp hn
kwLw Hmbn Imen-Sdn hogp-Ibpw apn-tm-hp-Ibpw sNptam?
B \mp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp aqkm \_nv hgn- ]-cn-N-b-ap-sn ^tdmhbvtm Iq-n ams-n-eptam hgn Adn-tb--Xt? Cs\ Htsd tNmZy- Hcp ]Tn-Xm-hns apn Db-cp-tm A-

334

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s\ tNmZn-m-s\mpw \nl-X-bn Fv ]d-m Fp

sNpw? hAkv A[-ym-b
-- n Cuam F-Xn- \v {]] bmYmy-f
- n hniz-kn-pI Fw Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-s\-p-dnv Xnc-nb-tm \nsmpw AXn-l-X-bn Fm-Wtm {]Xn-I-cW-ap-m-bXv. CXv Hscm--s kw`-h-a. Fgp-]-Xp-I-fpsS ay-n Rm sImn-bn Xma-k-ap--tm Hcp A\p-`-h-apv. kn.F.
aue-hnsb Wn-p-h-cpn sImn-bnse Fw.C.Fk-p-Im a-m-tcn Sn_n.bn shv Hcp ]T-\-mk-v \Sn. mk-n\p tijw kmam-PnIv tNmZy-n-\p Ah-k-c-ap-m-bn-cpp. mk-nse apJyhnjbw ]utcm-ln-Xy-ns tZmj--sf-p-dn-m-bn-cpp. ]utcm-lnXyw
a\p- j y- _ p- nsb _n- p- I - b m- s Wpw \ymb- a mb \ne- b n
GsXmcp ]WvUn-X-t\mSpw Imcy- tNmZn-m Ah-Im-i-ap-spw hy--am-n.- hkvXp-Xm-]-c-amb tNmZy-p Dugw htm Fs kplrv F.F. laoZv (sImn) tNmZy-ap--bnp. tNmZyw aue-hnv teiw {]bm-k-ap-m-Ip--Xm-bn-cpp. At-l-ns
cN-\-bn-ep hnjbw Xs. auehn DSs\ adp-]Sn sImSpp. CXv
\n-sf-tm-ep--h tNmZn-t- alm-\mb kmte tkv Av
\Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zos kwm\ Ay--\m-bn-cpp FtmWw. Atm laoZv hopw tNmZnp. F\nv Hcp kwibw
hm AXv tNmZn-m kmte apl-Zv tkp-hn-t\bpw Iqn hcWtam? CsX-smcp \ymbw. Ign \nan-j--fn auehn Xs
]d--Xn-s\-Xn-ct CXv. Npcp--n B kZv Ae-tm-e-ambn
]ncnp. kn.F. ew-hnp. kn.-F.- au-e-hn-sb- tem-ssI-I- ]n-X-\pw- {]-K-- Jp-B- hy-Jym-Xm-hpw- c-N-\m-ssh-`-h-n-s- aIp-tSm-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn- hn-ti-jn-n-p-- hn-Zym-\n-[n-I-fpw- hn.-sF.-]n-Ifpw- C-Xp- X-s- ]-d-bpw,-- D-a-au-e-hn-sb-t]m-se-bp--h-sm-pwkn.-F.- au-e-hn-bp-sS- Nm-c-v- Iq-Sn- \-S-m-t]m-epw- A-l-X-bn-.t\cs ]d aqkm\_n-bpsS kw`-h-n-tev Hc-\p-_w-Iq-Sn-bpv. ]Tn-m-\m-{K-ln-p--hv AXv D]-Im-c-sSpw. Fs B-cy-s-Sp-nb Hcp hnj-bw-Iq-Sn-bm-WXv. Jp-B hmIy kn.F. Zphym-Jym\w sNbvXp Fv Rm hmZn-p--Xn-\p Hcp sXfnhpw IqSn-bm-WXv. dlvhv F ]Z-ns Ahpw
AXpsm-p kmchpw apI-fn ]dp. kn.F. Cu ]Z-n\v
temIv Bcpw \Im Hcw sImSpp. Dbpw Xmgvpw

335

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

InS-p ew. Jmaqkv F hniz-hn-Jym-X-amb \nL-p-hn Cu

A-ap-sv P]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hmb-\-msc hn-m
Hcp hmNIw apdn-s-Spv D-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""Aa-Im-\-p
apX-^nD h ap-J-^nfp'' (Dbpw Xmgvpw InS-p ew)
]s a{][m-\-amb `mKw a\x-]qw Atlw hnp-I-fp.
kap-{Z-n\v hnti-j-W-am-bn-m-Wtm Cu ]Zw ChnsS D]-tbmKn-n-p-Xv. Pew Bg-nepw ]c-nepw \nd-p-\np eamWv kap{Zw. AhnsS Dbbpw XmgvN-bp-ap BIrXn hcn-I-bn. Hmfw shp-tmgpw Xnc-am-e-I Xncnpw adnpw hcp-tmgpw
A]w s]mnbpw XmWp-ap Ah--bp-mIpw. ]s, AXv
\nan-jw-tXmdpw amdn-sm-n-cnpw. Ic-bn AmsX Dbpw
Xmgvpw InS-p Ah Dm-In. Amlp "dlvhv' Fv hntijn-n-Xv IS-en-s\-bmWv. Jmaq-knse hmN-I-n \np auehn
hnp-I-f hmNIw Iqn-tp-tm-gmWv Ir{Xnaw shfn-hm-Ip-Xv.
hmN-I-ns ]qW-cq]w C-s\-bmWv. ""Aa-Im-\-p apX-^nD
h apJ-^nfp Id-lvhn ^olnam- fn-p-'' AXm-bXv d-lvhv
dlvhv Fo cv hmp-Ipw Db e-sapw Xmgv
e-sapw A--fpv. hn]-co-Xm-.
Nne ]Z-v cv A--fp-m-bn-cnpw. Hv at-Xn\v
FXn-cm-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw. CXv Ad_n `mj-bpsS Hcp ]pXp-a-bmWv. "JpAv'- F-Xn\v BhImew F-apv. ipn-Imew
F-pw ]dbpw. cpw-IqSn tN-X. "auem' F ]Z-n\v bPam\- Fpw ASna Fpw A-apv. cpw Hnv ]d-bm-dn.
C-s\-bp H-cp- ]Z-amWv dlvhv FmWv Jmaq-kn ]d-bp-Xv.
ap Un-v\-dn-I-fnepw Cu Aw ]d-n-pv. Atm Xmgv
e-n\pw D-b-- -e-n-\pw- dlvhv ]dbmw. k`-a-\p-k-cnv
a\-n-em-Ww. GsX-nepw Hn-\p-thn D]-tbm-Kn-p-tm
at Ahpw Dt-in-p-IqSm. AXmWv auehn D-cn hmN-Is
XpSv ^oln-am-fn-p- Fv \nL--p-hn ]d-Xv. aue-hn-bpsS
D-c-Wn-I-fnepw dntmp-I-fnepw hniz-kn-m hm- thsdbpw
sXfn-hp-I-fpv. Ah-bn Ghpw {][m-\-s HmWv "Cm-I-\Av_pZp' F hN-\-n\v \Inb Aw. CsXms ]cn-tim[nv bmYmyw Isn ]pd-p-hn-Sm Bcpw hmsX sa\s-Sp-I-bn-sv Atlw [cn-n-cn-ptam Bthm? Am-lp-hn-dn-

336

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bmw. CSv Hcp Imcy-hpw-IqSn. alm-\mb Camw ss_fm-hn-bpsS

t]cn, Atlw ]d-bm-Xpw ]d-bm bmsXmcp \nhr-n-bp-an-m-Xp-amb Hcp hnj-bhpw IqSn kn.F. shp-sIn. kqva-X-bn-msX bm{X sNbvX-Xn-\m ^tdm-hbpw Iqcpw Ib-n hoWv apn
acn-p-shv Camw ss_fmhn Fgp-Xn-bn-p-s{X! Jmaq-kns t]cn-
Npan ]d--Xn-t\-m sImSpw h-\-bm-WnXv. ss_fm-hn-e-mIs- A-s\-sbmpw ]d-n-n.
kn.F. auehn CXp-t]mse Ir{Xn-a- ]eXpw Xs Jp-B-
]cn-`m-j-bpsS Bcw`w apXp Xs \S-n-bn-pv. Hmw hmeynepw apJ-hp-c-bnepw CXp-t]mse kwK-Xn-I thsd-bp-apv. Atl-ns ap {K--fnepw Hcp-]mSv \qX-\m-i-b- IS-n- hn-npv. h{I-_pn Dt]-npw kXyw Dsmpw sXp k-Xnpw
tJZnp aS-m Rm ]e-Ipdn Imcy-Im-cW klnXw {]kvXm-h-\I-fn-eq-sSbpw teJ-\--fn-eq-sSbpw At-ls KpW-tZm-jn-n-pv.
]s, Rm Gsd ZpxJn-pp. ImcWw \npw Duln-m-atm. Atlw Cu temIw hnp-t]mbn. Rm ZpxJn-pp. kn.F.
auehn ka-\mb Hcp Fgp-p-Im-c\pw ]WvUn-X-\p-am-bn-cpp.
Amlp \sf kXy-ho-Yn-bn \npw hgp-Xn-tm-ImsX Imp-cn-s. AZr-iy-tem-Iv ]nimNv F Hcp krjvSn Csv Hcp
a\p-jy ZrV-s-Sp-n-bm ]ns X\n-p-m-Im-hp tXm-epI, hnIm-c-, hntcm-[-, CjvS- XpS-n-bh ss]im-Nn-IamtWm Atbm Fv ]cn-tim-[n-p-Itbm kqvaX ]men-p-Itbm sNp-I-bn. ]nim-Nn-tm, ]ns-bmsc kqn-m? Fpkq-n-m? a\p-jys [mnI\mi-n\v GI ImcWw CXmIpp. kn.F. auehn AZr-iy-tem-Iv ]nimNv F krjvSn-bnsv hmZn-p ]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp. AXmWv At-l-n\v kw`hn Fm hogvN-Ipw \nZm-\-am-bn-oXv.
hw aue-hn-bpsS Ime-L--n\p tijw Hcp aX-]-WvUn-X
sXfn ae-bm-f-n FgpXn apt-dn-bXv kn.F. aue-hn-bm-bncpp. ae-_m-dn km Aym-]-I-\m-bn-cp au-e-hnv `uXn-Ihn-Zym-`ymk cwK-tv h Htsd injy-m Dmbn. CXv hmb\-m-cpsS Hcp hr-ap-m-m Gsd klm-bnp. At-l-ns
cN\mssh`hw Hcp \ Imc-W-ambn. Akmcn amkn-I-bp-ambn cwKv h-tm ta ]d KpW-fpw kml-N-cy-fpw th{X

337

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

XpWp. kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS \ho\ Nnm-K-Xn-I-tfbpw amn-ncp- - e p- I - t fbpw hnm\If- c n- b n- e qsS t\cn- S m sI]p
Htsd ]WvUn-X-m ke^o cwK-p-m-bn-cpp. sI.Fw. aue-hnbpsS t\Xr-Xz-n \thm-m\ cwKv PohnXw Xs Dgn-psh Hcp ]WvUnX kaqlw. ]cn-jvI-cW kwcw-`--fnse Dgp-X-p-a-dnp \pIw-t]mse kn.Fns XqenI Nen-p--Xn ktm-jnp-I-bm-bn-cpp, Ah-cn A[n-Ihpw. hAfv tIm hn-cn-m ta-p-Imsc aXNn--bp-ambn _n-n-m kn.Fns
XqenI \smcp A\p-Iqe LS-I-ambn Iv Ah Bizm-kwsImp. Aa-\m amkn-I-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]-k-an-Xn-bnepw At-ln\v am\y-amb m\-ap-m-bn-cpp. As sI.F.Fw. kwm\ sk{I-dn F.sI. A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hn-bpsS ]npW
kn.F. aue-hnv thp-thmfw e`np.
kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS hyXn-N-e-\- Hsm-mbn ]pd-php. Ahsb t\cn-Sm ke^o- ]WvUn-X-mv Nne ]cn-an-Xn-I
Dmbncp-p- F-p- tXm-p-p-. cN\m ssh`-h-ns Zu_eyw.
`mjm {]tbm-K-nse ]cn-anXn. hnm\ hoYn-bn XqenI Nen-nm, AXn\p {ian-m t]mepw Cu t_m[w Ahsc A\p-h-Zn-n.
Fs nXnbpw adn--m-bn-cpp. kvIqfn t]mbn. kz-ambn
Fgp-Xnbpw hmbnpw Innb ioe-ta-bqq. IqSp-X _-w Ad_n
ae-bm-f-hp-am-bn-mWv. ]s, A]-IjXmt_m[w F-s Hcn-epw
Ae-n-bn. Al-Xb-n-sv Bt-]nv Fs Xn amn-b-tmgpw AsX-s- _m[n-n. adnv Bibpw hminbpw Fs aptmv
Xn. Fs Kpcp-\m-Y sI.Fw. auehn kn.F aue-hn-bpsS
hyXn-N-e-\-s-Xn-cn t]\-bp-bn. sI.Fw. aue-hn--bp-sS
t]\-p-n\v cN\m ssh`-h-t-m `n-bp-sSbpw kXy-k
- X
- bp-sSbpw hne-bp-sv a\-n-em-nb kn.F. auehn {]Xn-I-cnm aptm-p-hp. [mjvSy-n-sbpw Al-m-c
- n-s-bpw Duph-Sn-bp-am-bn-m-Wv Atlw apn-Xv. AXv IqSp-X A]-IS- I
- c
- a
- mbn. "acW-tKm-jvT-n-I' F t]cn Hcp eLp-te-J-bp-ambn sI.-Fw. auehnsb hyn-]-c-ambn CI-gvn-m-p-hm-\-mWv \n`m-Ky-h - im-
Atlw apXnXv. kn.Fns Jp-B XP-am-hr-n-v tI{
km-dn \npw t{]mm-l-\-ambn A\p-h-Zn ]Xn-ap-m-bn-cw
cq], Av hen-sbmcp kwJy-bm-bn-cpp. At-l-s-smv e-`n-

338

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m-hp KpWw aW--dnv sslh hKob tem_n-bpsS kzm[o-\-n km-cn \npw ]mcn-tXm-jnIw \In sI.Fw. auehn-sb hyn-]-c-ambn tXtPm-h[w sNm Atlw ac-W-tKm-jvT-nI ImWn-Xv Cu Bbp-[-ta-n-sm-m-bn-cpp. km Xe-n X\nv e`n AwKo-Im-chpw ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-ns hen--hpw Iv
Akqb aqv ev sXn-b-XmWv sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS tcmK-sav
Atlw Bt-]np!- Cu ac-W-tKm-jvT-n-I kn.Fn-s \mi-n\v hnp-]mIn. sI.Fw.aue-hn-bpsS aX-`-nbpw hn-m-\hpw \nkzm-Xbpw icn--dn-bp ]epw CXv kln-m-hp--Xns Ap-d
- m-bn-cpp. ac-Wt- Km-jvT-nI
- hmbnp Rm Ic-p. Aa\mdns FUn-tm-dn-b t_mUn-en-cp-p-sImv AXn-s Ipw Icfp-amb sI.Fw. aue-hnsb C{X \oN-amb \ne-bn B{I-an-m
kn.Fn\v tXmn-btm! A-a-\m- ]-{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp-- F.-sI.- Ap--Xz-o-^v- au-e-hn- C-Xn- \n-i--\m-btm-!- hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\mb F\nv kzbw \nb-{n-m Ign-n. Rm Hcp t\mokv Cdn. \Zvhn-s sajn-n \npw cmPn-sh-pp. F.sI. A_vZpX-z-o^v aue-hnbpw kn.F. aue-hnbpw Aa-\m-dns Xe-v Ccn-pn-S-tmfw Imew Rm sa-dmbn Ccn-m Dt-in-p-n Fv
Xpd--Snp. AXn\pw Iptd-t]v FtmSv temly-t-Sp-mbn.
sImn ]pXnb ]n-bpsS an Fm-epw sX tIc-fn Xulo-Zns i_vZ-am-bn-cpp. alqw sskZvIpn-lm-Pn-bmbn-cpp 72 P\p-hcn hsc AhnsS JXo-_m-bn-cp-Xv. \o ap-nb-p hjw B tkh\w P\-v e`np. thj-nepw i_vZnepw s]cp-am--nepw `n kzcq-]-\m-bn-cp lmPn-km-ln-_ns\
]n `mc-hm-ln-Ifpw P\-fpw Hcp Kpcp-hn-s\-tmse kvt\-ln-pIbpw _lp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. A[mnI Pohn-Xw \bnn-cp [mcmfw bphm- At-l-ns JpXv_-I-fn-eq-sSbpw
hA-fp-I-fn-eq-sSbpw kwkvI-cn--s-n-pv. kv{XoIn-S- bn
At-l-ns hAfv hfsc kzm[o\w sNepn. sX tIc-fn kv{XoIv Ppap-Apw da-fm-\nepw ]s-Sp-m ku-I-cytas-Sp-nb GI akvPnZv ]pXn-b-]-n-bm-bn-cpp FmWv Fs
Adnhv. ]pXn-b-]n hen-sbmcp Ncn-{X-amWv. AXv ]no-Sm-Imw.
aqkm-\_n kpsse-am\_n C_vdmlow\_n Fo {]hmN-I-m-cpsS apAvPnk-p-Isf \ntj-[n-p-sIm-p kn.F-ns

339

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Jp-B hymJym\w ]pd-p-h-cp--Xp-hsc At-l-ns KpWImw-nbpw klm-bn-bp-ambn hn-n-cp sskZvIpn lmPn

s]mn-s-dnp. Xm At-bw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw BZ-cn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp sI.Fw. aue-hnsb "acWtKmjvT-n"Ifn-eqsS B{I-an-X-dn--tm lmPn kmln_v {]Xn-Imc _pn-tbmsS kn.Fns\
B{I-an-m Xm-sd-Spp. ]nandpw ]pds thZn-Ifpw \nccw Xs {]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb hnm\i_vZw sIm-v apJ-cn-X-ambn.
B i_vZw sX tIc-f-ns i_vZ-am-bn-cpp. sImn-bnse s]mXp-cw-Ks {]ap-J-\m-bn-cp tUmIvS auem\m F-dn-b-s-n-cp
A_vZp JmZn kmln_v (F.F. lao-Zns ]n-Xmhv. Adn-b-s
Hcp tlmantbm tUmIvS) Nmh-mSv Zkn InXm-t_mXn ]Tn \smcp hnm-\nbpw hmb-\
- m-c\
- p-am-bn-cpp. duf-p Deqw Ad_n-tm-tfPv (^tdmv) {]nkn-m-fm-bn-cp kn.]n. A_q-_-
aue-hn-bpsS kXoy-\p-am-bn-cpp tUmIvS auem\. Ctlw
sskZvIpn lmPn-bpsS i-\mb Iqm-fnbpw ]n `mc-hm-ln-Ifmb CkvlmJv tkv (Fv.C AlvaZv Xzmln tkp-hns ]nXmhv)
Ino-tkv (Fv.C. apl-Zv _m_p tkp-hns ]nXmhv) Fn-h-cpambn ASp kplr-Z-v_w ]pen-bn-cp tZl-hp-am-bn-cpp.
sImn-bnse Adn-b-s-Sp ke^o BZ-i-hm-Znbpw sI.F.Fw.
sImn imJ-bpsS sk{I--dn-bmbpw {]h-n-n-pv. s]cp-m-hq
kztZ-in-bm-bn-cp tUmIvS auem\m sImn-bn IpSpw-_-hp-ambn
nc-hm-kn-bm-bn-cpp. aPoZv acn-m kmln-_n-sbpw ssiJv ^coXv kmln-_n-sbpw ASp kplr-p-am-bn-cpp Atlw. kn.-F.
aue-hn-bpsS henb KpW-Imw-n-bpw kv-t\ln-X-\p-am-bn-cpp. kn.F. Xs Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bpsS sIp-I-fp-ambn hcp-Xpw tmv sNp-Xpw auem-\-bpsS Unkv-s]-k-dn-bn-emWv. tUmIvS-dmWv
]cn-`m-j-bpsS tImn-I sImn-bn-ep- th-s--hv hn]\
\S-mdv. sskZv Ipn lmPn-bpw tUmIvS auem-\bpw ap ke-^o
kplr-p-fpw tNv kn.F aue-hn-s-Xn-cmbn H-cp- ]-S-tbm-wsIm-n-bn- B-cw-`n-p.- ssk-Zv-Ip-n- lm-Pn- X-s- an--dpw- ]p-dw-th-ZnI-fpw- kn.-F
- n-s- Jp-B
- - hn-cp-- A-h
- ym-Jym-\
- -s-Xn-cm-bnD]-tbm-Knp XpS-n-b-tXmsS sX tIc-f-n kn.F. t\Snb
AP--X-bpsS ASn--dv- Cfw XpSn. tUmIvS auem-\-bpsSbpw apw {ia-^-e-ambn kn.-Fns kwc--I\pw klm-bn-bp-am-

340

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn-cp aPoZv acn-m kmln-_n\pw Imcy- t_m[y-sp. acn-m

kmln_v \ _pn-Po-hn-bpw kap-Zmb {]h-I\pw tIm{K-pIm-c\pw henb _-f
- p-sS DS-ab
- p-am-bn-cpp. kXyw a\-n-em-nb
aPoZv acn-mdpw ssiJv ^coZpw kn.Fp-ambn CS--tXmsS s]cpm-hq-cnse Xs tI{w At-l-n\v Hgn-hm-t-n-hp. kn.F.
aue-hn-bpsS Xncp--hm-Zs hnp-ho-gvN-bn-msX FXnp
shfn-b-tmSv Da F bphm-hn-s\-p-dnv sskZvIpn lmPn-bn
\nv a\-n-em-nb aPoZv acn-m Xncqm-Sp Fs hon hp. Iq-n lao-Zn-s ]nXmhv tUmIvS auem-\bpw ssiJv ^coZpw Dm-bn-cp-Xv Rm Hmpp. Fs {]h-\-v Ah
]qW- ]npW hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. {]Xo-n-msX hs-nb B
]npW F\nv henb Bthiw \In IqSp-X Icp-p-t\-Snsm-n-cpp. 1973 Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]pt-Sn Zmdp Deqw kvIq
HmUn-tm-dn-b-n kk-_o amkn-I-bpsS Hcp hmjnI ktf\w KpW-Imw-n-I tNp kwL-Sn-np. Hcp ]pXn-b-Xcw kt-f\-am-bn-cpp AXv. apv tIp tIhn-bn-m kt-f\w. kk_o-en-eqsS hnain--s hyn-I-tfbpw {]m-\--fpsS hm-sfbpw X-fpsS Ghpw {][m-\-s hmZ-hn-jbw kzX-{-ambn
Ah-X-cn-n-p-X
- n\v W-ab
-
- p-sImv kwL-Sn-n Hcp kmw-kvImcnI thZn. Fm-hpw bm{Xs--ehpw Xmak kuI-cyhpw kw-Lm-SI Gs-Sp-n. hni-Z-hn-hcw ]no-SmImw. kn.F. aue-hn-bpw B
thZn-bn-tev Wn--sp. X-s k {][m-\-amb "AZr-iy temIv ]nimNv F Hcp krjvSn-bn'' F \ho-\-hmZw sXfn-bn-psIm-v- kw-km-cn-p--Xn--m-bn-cpp W-a-b-Xv. Fs bph kplrv kn.]n. Da kp-an-tbbpw \n-bnp. XnIpw kzX-{hpw
im-hp-amb Bib hn\n-a-b-thZn.- Xs hmZ--fn kXy-ns
Ig-p-sv t_m[y-ap GsXmcp {]t_m-[-I\pw ktm-j-tmsS Bt-jn-t thZn. Hcp ss]k t]mepw sNe-hn. Fm
kn.F. B Ww kzoI-cn-n. ]Icw Hcp eLp-te-J-bp-ambn Xs Nne A\p-bm-bn-Isf kt-f\ e-tv Ab-p-I-bmWv
Atlw sNbvX-Xv. ""B A`n-am-\-tcmjw Ctm FhnsS'' CXm-bn-cpp eLp-te-Jbp-sS Xe-hm-NIw. ac-W-tKm-jvT-n-I-fn-eqsS _lp. sI.Fw.aue-hn-sb-bmWv B{I-an--sX-n Cu IrXn-bn-eqsS Fsbpw
{]K--\mb tUmIvS Dkvam kmln-_n-s\-bp-amWv kn.F. ISn-

341

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-Io-dn-bXv. AXn-i--amb hyn-h-[-am-bn-cpp AXv. Fs kplrv Dkvam kmln-_ns\ \nco-iz-c-hmZn Fv ]e-hw AXn
hnfn-m-t-]n-n-cpp. Xs Bi-b-]-c-ambn hnain-p--h-cpsS
t\v {`m-amb t{Im[-ns hm hoipI am{X-am-bn-cpp kn.F. auehn sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-Xv. hyn-]-c-ambn Rm CXn
Hcp-Xcw kwXr-]vXn-bn-em-bn-cpp. Al-X-bn-sv Bt-]nv Fs ]ntmv Xnb kn.F-. {]K--\mb Dkvam tUmIvS-tdmsSmw Fsbpw ]cn-K-Wn-p-htm.
Fs No hnfn--Xn\v \ymb-a-m--Xm-sW-nepw AS-m
{]Xn-Im-c-ns Hcp Imc-W-apv. AXmWv Rm ]d-p-Xp-S-nbXv. ssiJv apl-Zv \kzo^p- (Pn)ambn _-s hnjbw Xs.
kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS Ckvem-anse [\-hn-X-cW ]Xn F {Kns Cwojv ]cn-`mj AtZ-iob {]Nm-c-W-n-\p-thn
dm_n-Xz-bn kan-p-htm. hnhcw Rm Pn-bn shp-Xs
Adnp. Rm Duln--Xp-t]mse ASp hjw kn.F. lv
bm{Xv Hcpw XpSn. Rm Ad-_n-bn Hcp eLp-teJ Xm-dmn. {]kvXpX {K-nepw Jp-B XP-a-bnepw Ckvemw Hcp
ka-{K-]-T\w F {K-nepw Atlw hcp-nb Kpc-p-X-c-amb
hyXn-bm-\-fpw Xncp-hm-Z-fpw A-anp \nc-p Hcp cN\-bm-bn-cpp B Ad_n eLp-teJ. dm_n-Xz-bpsS {]kn-o-I-cW
hn`m-K-n-tepw kpDu-Zn-bnse F\n--dn-bm-hp-Xpw Fs Adnbp--Xp-amb Nne DX tI{--fn-tepw AXv A-b-p.- Rm- Bh-jw- bm-{X- t]m-b-Xp-an-.- kn.-F.- au-e-hn- A-hn-sS-sS-b-n-.- apHcp--{]-Imcw th-s--h-sc-sbmw kinp. B Iq-n
{][m-\-ambpw Atlw Bim-]qw kin-Xv ssiJv apl-Zv
\kz-o^v AhI-sf-bm-bn-cpp.
ssiJv Fs IrXn In Inn-b-tXmsS hnj-b- ]Tn-m
an\-sp. ]cn-tim-[-\mw dm_n-Xz-bpsS ]pkvX-I-ti-J-c-n
\nv "[\-hn-X-cW ]XnbpsS Cwojv tImn hcpn. Fs Ipdnn \ Cv ImWn-n-cp hnj-b- Hp-t\mn. ]pkvX-Ins t]Pv Rm {]tXyIw ImWn-n-cpp. ssiJn\v ]cn-tim-[-\bn-eqsS Imcyw icnpw t_m[y-sp. Atlw {]ap-J-\mb Hcp
]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp. kn.F auehn sN-tm ssiJv Atls hfsc am\y-ambn kzoI-cnp. k-cn tijw Nqn--

342

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

d hnj-b--sf-p-dnv At-l-ns A`n-{]m-b-am-cmp. NnesXmw \n_ kml-N-cy-n Atlw k-Xnp. ]eXpw Hm-bn-spw ]cn-tim-[n--W-sapw ]dp Hgn-p-amdn. Imcy- icnpw t_m[y-am-b-tXmsS ssiJv Xs \ne shfn-s-Spn.
Xm Cu hyXn-bm-\--fn \npw ]nn-cn-bm Ime-tmfw
Xmsf Hcp-\n-epw klm-bn-mt\m t{]mm-ln-n-mt\m R-v km[y-a. kn.F. \ncm-i-sv aSn. At-l-ns Bkq{XWw ]cm-P-b-sp. AYhm Amlp ]cm-P-b-s-Spn. ssiJv
\kzo^v F\nv \n ]d-p-sImv I-bp.
kn.F. auehn F\nv \ntj-[n-Xv Cu Al-X-b. CXn-t\m hfsc hfsc Xmgv Al-X-bm-bn-cpp. icn-bmWv. At-ls A-t]-nv Rm hfsc Xmsg-bm-bn-cpp. Fn-cp-mepw
Am-lp-hns A[n-Im-c-n-t-ep Hcp ssItb--am-bn-tmbn AXv.
Rm\pw \nfpw Adn-tb-Xpw ]Tn-t--Xp-amb Hcp Imcy-am-WnXv.
Al-m-c-s-p-dnv \_n hni-Zo-I-cn-Xv cp Imcy-sf
Bkv]-Z-am-n-bmWv. \ hml\w,- \ hoSv, \ hkv{Xw CsXmpw
Al-m-c-a. AXn [qpw AXnI-hn-bepw ]mSn. kXys
\ntj-[n-epw ap--hsc Xcw-Xm-gvn--m-W-ep-amWv Al--mcw.
Jp-B-\nepw lZo-knepw hy-ambn h kXy-sf Atlw
Xn--dp. AXn-s\-p-dnv sXcy-s-Sp-n-b-hsc I-Tn-\-am-bnBt-]np. Ah-cpsS Al-Xsb tNmZyw sNbvXp. Am-lp-hns
hn[n (JfmAv- JZv)bnep At-l-ns hnizmk sshI-ey-am-bncn-mw- CXn\v \nan--am-bXv. {]hm-NI amXr-Ibvv FXn-cm-bn-cpp
At-l-ns XqenI Hgp-nb JZvdns hnizmkw! mhn Nam{Xw Imbvp-Xpw sXn AS Imbvm-Xpw Iip-am-hn
tX Dm-Im--Xp-sam-s-bmWv hn[n-bmbn Atlw In-cpXv. iq\ym-Im-i-n-tepw et_m-d--dn-I-fn-tepw HmSn-tm-Ip-Xm-bn-cpp At-l-ns Cuam. 1974 sImn-bn \nv F.F.
laoZv Iho-\-dmbn kXym-t\z-jW kwLw Hcp tNmZym-hen ASn-nv tIc-f-nse {]K--cmb ]WvUn-X-mpw Ad-_n-tm-tfPv
{]nkn-mampw Abp. Iq-n Av aZo\m bqWn-th-gvknn-bn s{]m^-kam-cm-bn-cp ssiJv A_vZp--aZv aue-hnpw
(sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS ]p{X) ssiJv kA-Zp-o aue-hnpw (hSm-tcn), Rm \nt-in {]Imcw Ab-n-cpp. Av PmanA

343

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\Zvhn--bpsS {]nkn-m kn.F aue-hn-bpsS KpW-Imw-nbpw

Iqm-fn-bp-am-bn-cp F.sI. A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. ka\pw {]K- - \ p- a mb ]Wv U n- X - \ m- b n- c pp Fs kplrv
A_vZp-Xz-o^v auehn. sI.F.Fw. kwm\ sk{I--dn-bpsS ]Zhn-bn \npw Fs kplrv A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hnsb \on-bm-bn-cp--p _lp-am-\y-\mb sI.]n. apl-Zv aue-hnsb Xm\v Ah-tcm-[n-Xv. A_vZp--Xz-o^v auehn t\sc t]mbXv Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS tI{-n-te-m-bn-cpp. Ah-cpsS Hcp {][m-\
m]-\-amb tN-aw-K-q Ckvem-ln tImtf-Pns {]nkn-m-fmbn Fs auehn m\-tap. Hcp tPmen am{X-a-m-bn-cpp AXpsIm-v Atlw Dt-in--sXv hyw. tIc-f-nse Ckz-vemlo
kplr-p-sf HmsI thZ-\n-n-p-Ibpw en-n-p-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-cpp AXv. Ipdv hnZymn-I tNv apPmlnZv
pUkv aqhvsan-s- Hcp imJ AhnsS Bcw-`n-m Xocp-am\n-t-m auehn CS-s]v Ii-\-ambn AXv XSp. F{X Zb-\obw!
As\ Ipsd \m Ignp. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS tIcf
Aao-dmbn sI.kn. A_vZp aue-hnsb amn Sn.sI. A_vZp kmln_ns\ Xm-\v \nb-anp. sI.kn. A_vZp auehn Atbm-Ky\m-b-Xp-sIm-sm-p-a Cu am-ap-m-bXv. Atlw ]noSv hopw
Aao-dmbn \ntbm-Kn--s-n-pv. Atm sI.knv Aln-p
Hcp ]Zhn \Im ]mn \n_-n-X-ambn. AXn--h Is-nb
tI{w tN-aw-K-q tImtf-Pm-bn-cpp. Hpw Xma-kn-n.- A_vZpXz-o^v auehn ]pd-mbn. sI.kn. ]Icw Ah-tcm-[n-X-\m-Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXp. At-bw Zu`m-Ky-I-chpw em-I-c-hp-amb Hc-h--bmbn-cpp AXv. "\ns-mpI' F Hcp KqVm-tem-N\ CXns
]nn-ep-m-bn-cptm Fv F\nv- kwi-b-apv. ]s, Fs kplr-n\v Aln-p-Xv Inn-sb Bizm-khpw C-s\-bm-bn-tmbtm F tJZ-hp-ambn Rm Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Atm-gmWv
tUmIvS Dkvam kmln-_ns Hcp Iv- sImn-bn-tev hXv.
A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hnsb Rm PmanA \Zvhn--bpsS {]nkn-m
m\-tv \nb-an-p-I-bm-sWpw At-l-ns A`n-am\w
kwc-n- \psS _m[y-X-bm-sWpw \n Zb-hp-sNbvXv
{]iv\--sfm-pw Dm--cp-sXpw tUmIvS F\nv Fgp-Xn-bncpp. Iv hmbnp Rm Iptd-t\cw Xcn-n-cpp. tUmIvS PmanA

344

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\Zvhn {Sns sNbam-\mWv. Rm Hcp hnIrXn ImWn-p

iey-m-c-\m-sWpw AXv {]I-Sn-n-m Hcp ]{Xw kzX-{-ambn
Dspw tUmIvSv Fs a\-n-ep m\w a\-n-em-nsmpw _-s--h sh ]Wn-bm-bn-cpp CXv. kXy-amWv,
Dkvam tUmIvS-dpsS Hcp imk-\tbm At]-tbm I-Sv F\nv
Xm Ign-bn. Fs a\-n At-l-n-\p m\w A{X
anI--XmWv. Rm hgn. ]s, Hcp \n_-\ shp. sImn-bn
\npw t\cs ]d Hcp tNmZym-hen A_vZp-Xz-o^v aue-hnpw Abpw. AXn\v kzX-{-amb Hcp adp-]Sn Atlw \IWw.
AYhm B _m[yX \n GWw Fv Rm tUmIvSv
FgpXn. tNmZym-h-en-bn Fm-Wp-m-bn-cp--sXv C\n ]dbmw.
aqv tImf--fn-embn AXv cq]-s-Spn, \Sp-hnse tImf-n
GXm\pw Jp-B hN-\-fpw \_n-h-N-\-fpw, he-Xp-h-iv
Da auehn sImSp Aw F Xe-hm-N-I-n Ah tcJs-Spn. CSXphis tImf-n kn.F. auehn sImSp
Aw F Xe-hm-N-I-n Atlw \Inb A-fpw
tcJ-s-Spn. Xmsg C{]-Imcw tNmZn-pp. CXn GX-amWv
icn-bm-bn-p-Xv F-dn-bn-p-X-cm At]. ssiJv apl-Zv auehn, Aam\n auehn, sI.]n. apl-Zv auehn, kn.]n. A_q-_-
auehn, sI.kn. A_q-_- auehn XpS-nb {]i-kvXcpw {]K-cp-amb ]WvUn-X-mpw tNmZyw Ab-n-cn-pp.
Cu hnj-b-n Fs Ap-X-s-Sp-nb cp A\p-`-h--fpambn. Kpcp-Xp-ey\pw tIc-f-nse lZokv ]WvUn-X-m-cn kp{][m-\n-bp-amb Fs kplrv ssiJv apl-Zv auehn Av tIcf
PwC--p De-a-bpsS {]kn-U-m-bn-cpp. Pam-As Ckvem-anbp-am-bp hnhmZ{]iv\--fn Atlw ]pen-bn-cp au\w
Fs hmsX Atem-k-c-s-Sp-n-bn-pv. kn.F. aue-hn-bp-sSbpw ssiJv aue-hn-bp-sSbpw a Xnse hnhm-l-_--t-m
ZrV-amb Hcp _hpw Ahn-S-bn-ep-m-bn-cpp. CsXms
Fs a\-n-eqsS Ib-dn-bn-d-n-sm-n-cp--tm AXm Hcp Znhkw Atlw sImn-bnse Fs Xmake-tv kemw ]d-p
Ib-dn-hp. Rm _lp-am-\-]qw kzoI-cnp. {]mY-anI Ipi-e-p tijw Atlw tNmZnp. F.F. laoZv F-bm Fhn-sS? DSs\ F\nv ImWWw. Rm thKw Hcmsf Abv lao-Zns\ hcp-

345

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n. laoZv hp. ]cn-N-b-sp. t]m-n \npw auehn tNm-Zymh-en-bpsS t] FSpv \nhn Iagvn tai-p-d-p-shp.
Rm ]d-bp hmN-I- ChnsS Fgp-XpI Fp ]d-p-sImv
t]\ lao-Zns In sImSpp. FtmSv Hc-cw Dcn-bm-Sn-bn.
""\n-fpsS tNmZym-hen Inn. AXn ImWn-n-p Bb-p-Ipw lZo-kp-Ipw Fm {]mam-WnI sXfn-hp-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-m\-n Da auehn sImSp-n-p A-amWv Ghpw icn-bm-bnp-Xv. kn.F. auehn \In-bn-p A- ]q-ambpw
sXp-X-s-bmWv.'' C{]-Imcw FgpXn auehn Xs I--c-n
t]sc-gpXn Hv shp. Xn-Xnbpw Ipdnp laoZv hiw G]np. Ap-Xhpw ktm-j-hpw -Iq-Sn--e a\-p-ambn Rm t\mn-bn-cpp. hnhm-Z--fn Ign-hXpw au\w ]men-p ssiJv auehn kXyw sXfn-bn-t Hcp Lw apn-se-n-b-tm IpSpw-_-_-tam
kplrZv_tam ]cn-K-Wn-msX Dm-l-]qw HmSn-sb-n Xs
_m[yX \nd-th-p-Xv I-XmWv Fs Ap-X-s-Sp-n-bXv.
ssiJv aue-hnsb t]mse khmw-Ko-Ir-X\
- mb Hcp {]K ]WvUn-X\n \np-ap-mb B \ne-]m-SmWv Gsd ktm-j-n-\n-S-bm-nb
Imcyw. CXp-t]mse Xs Gsd in-n-cp F.sI. A_vZp-Xz-o^v
aue-hnbpw adp-]Sn X]m amKw Abp. Atlw FgpXn. ""tNmZy Hsm-mbn Rm icnpw ]cn-tim-[np. Fm \-dp-I-fnepw Da auehn \Inb A--fmWv icn-bm-bn-p--sXv F\nv t_m[y-sp.'' ap ]WvUn-X-m Fm-hcpw F\nv A\p-Iq-eam-bn-mWv adp-]Sn \-In-bXv. AXv Rm {]Xo-n--Xp-amWv. kn.]n. A_q-_- auehn am{Xw adp-]Sn Ab-n. kXyw ]d-tb-nh-cp-tm F\nv A\p-Iq-e-am-Ip-sa--Xn CjvS-t-Sp-m-bn-cp-Xp-sImtm, kn.F. aue-hn-s-Xn-cn t]\ Nen-n-p-hm Xm]-cy-an-m-bva-bmtem Fsv F\nv a\-n-em-bn. Hcp D-c-hm-Zs ]WvUn-X F \ne-bn Atlw Xs I-hyw \nln-n-sv am{Xw a\-n-embn. Cs\ \m\m-hn-t[-\bpw kn.F.
aX-hn-j-b--fn \S-nb AXn-{Iaw P\-sf t_m[y-s-Sp-phm Rm CS -ap-d-n-bmsX {]b-Xv\np. kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS cN\mssh`-h-n BIr-jvS-cmbn A-ambn At-ls ]np-Wbvp-Ibpw hmgvp-Ibpw sNbvX [mcmfw Bfp-Iv kXyw t_m[y-s--Xmbn t\cnepw Ip-I aptJ-\bpw F\nv A\p-`-h-sp.
Am-lp-hn\v k-kvXp-Xnbpw!-

346

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hcp Imcyhpw IqSn ]d-p-sIm-s, auehn kmln-_ns \ncymW-n\p tijhpw Fs {]t_m-[\w Rm XpSp-sIm-n-cpp.
Atm Nne Ip-I ]te-S-p-\n-mbn F\nv e`np. ac-W-sp-t]mb Hcp ]WvUn-X-s\-p-dnv ZqjWw \S- Xm XpS-psIm-n-cn-pp. CXv Ckvem-an-I-ambn Fs\ \ymbo-I-cn--sSpw?
Fm-bn-cpp Ip-I FtmSv tNmZn-Xv. tNmZy-Im--fn
]ecpw t]cp-sh-m-sX-bmWv I-b-Xv. ]s, Bsf t\m-msX
hnjbw t\mp-Ib
- m-Wtm thXv. kk-_o-ens ap{Zm-hm-Iyhpw
AXp-X-s-bmWv. Rm Hcn-Sv {]kw-Kn-p-sIm-n-cp--tm Hcp
tNmZyw Inn.- ""temIv Adn-b-s-Sp Htsd alm]WvUn-X-m
auZqZn kmln-_ns\ ]np-W-pp. Atlw hen-sbmcp a\p-jy-\msW--Xn\v CXp Xs \smcp sXfn-hm-Ipp. Atm Cu sImp
tIc-f-ns Hcp sImp aqe-bn Ign-bp \n Ccw sImp
kZ-n Hcp henb a\p-jys\ hnain-p--Xns \nc-IX
\nn-\nbpw t_m[y-am-Ip-nt.'' Rm Hcp sImp hmNIw am{Xw adp-]-Sn-bmbn ]dp. ""henb Bfm-sW-n henb Ipmbw
[cnp sIms.'' Fs adp-]Sn tIv kZv HmsI Nncnp.
Inse Bt-]-n\v C-s\- Rm adp-]Sn Abp. kk_o-en AXv sImSp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""kn.F. auehn Cu temIw
hnp-t]mbn. ]s, At-l-ns hmZ-ap-J- A-c--fn-eqsS
ChnsS sXfn-p-In-S-pp. P\- AXv hmbn-p-sIm-n-cn-pp.
Atm Fs hnai\w A\n-hm-cy-amWv. AXv XpS-cmsX h. t]cv
shfn-hmn ]d-bp--Xn sXn. am{X-a,- ]e-tmgpw AXv AXymh-iy-amWv. CXn\v hnip Jp-B Xs Ghpw apnb sXfnhmWv. Ckvem-ans i-cmb ]e i{Xp--tfbpw Jp-B t]scSppw Am-sXbpw Bt-]n-Xpw hn-a-in--Xpw- sXfn-p-In-Sp-p-tm. kl-{km-_vZ-pw \qm-p-Ipw apt Ignp-t]mb B hyn-Isf hnain-p hmN-I- temIm-h-km\w hsc ]mcm-bWw sN-s-Spp. hnizm-kn-I-fm-Is Ah ]mcmbWw sNbvXp Am-lp-hn \npw ]pWyw t\Sp-Ibpw sNpp.
apl-Zv \_nbpsS ]nXr-hy-\mb A_q-e-l-_n-t\bpw ]Xv\n-tbbpw Bt-]n-p-sImv Hcp Aymbw Xs Jp-B-\n-epv. tImSm-\p-tImSn hnizm-kn-I AXv ]mcm-bWw sNbvXv ]pWyw t\Sn-bncnmw. Cpw AXv XpS-cpp. XpS-cp-Ibpw sNpw. AXn h ]Z-

347

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s kw_v[npw a\-n A\njvSw tXmp--hs m\w Ckvem-an\p ]pd-mWv. A_q-e-l-_ns cp ]p{X-m Ckvem-an-tev
h-Xmbn Nne Ncn-{X-{K---fn-epv. Ahcpw `y-m-Z-c-hp-I-tfmsS
Cu Aymbw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXn-cn-p-atm!- Ah-cpsS Cuam
F{X i-am-bn-cp-p-shv \mw a\-n-em-pI. AYhm adn-m-bn-cpp-sh-n ]cn-Wn-X-^ew Fm-bn-cn-p-sapw Adn-bpI. Bsf
t\mmsX sXfnhp t\mn kzoI-cn-pI. kXys Ghpw apn-
\npI. AXp am{X-amWv cm-amKw.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

44
sImn Hcp hgn-n-cnhv
kk-_o ss{Xam-kn-I-bn \npw amkn-I-bn-tev ]ptcm-Kanp.- 72 P\p-hcn e-ns ]Wn ]qn-bmbn. amkn-I-bm-b-Xns
Hmw ew. Atm Fd-Wm-Ipfw t{_mUvth-bn-ep kznkvssSw
lukns DSa kpsse-am lmPn-bpsS Hcp Iv Xn-cq-m--v Inn.
Atlw Fs Hcp ]gb kplr-mWv. Inse hnjbw C-Xm-Wv:sImn ]pXn-b-]-n-bnse ncw JXz-o_v sskZvIpn aue-hnbpsS \nt-i-{]-Imcw apX-hn A_vZpm lmPn AlvaZv tk-Tv- \nsf-p-dnv At\z-jn-pp. \nv AXv- Gs-Sp-m Ign-bptam?
Hcp ]{X-ns "A' apX ""hsc Fm D-c-hm-Zn-Xz-fpw Hbvv \n-ln-p- ITn-\m-zm-\
- n-em-bn-cpp Rm. cm{Xn In
Ddw Fp--Xp-hsc hn{i-a-an-msX tPmen-bmWv. CXn-\n-S-bn
hcn-msc tXSn-bp bm{Xbpw.- Fnpw In\v adp-]Sn Ab-p-Ib sNbvXXv. ]nt-Zn-hkw Xn-cq-m--p- \n-v- ]pd-sp. Dbvv
Fd-Wm-Ip-fv Fn. kpsse-am lmPn aptJ\ apX-h-nsb Ip.
JXz-o_v m-\w Gp. Av Xs Akzv- \a-kvIm-c-n\v Cam-ambn \np-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]noSv hj-t- fmfw XpSp. C{X-bpw
ZoL-ambn Rm Fhn-sSbpw Dd-p-\n-n-n. Fs kplr-pv Fs-p-dn-p hen-sbm-cm-t]w Xs CXmWv. Ah
]dbpw. ""aqcv Ftm Ctv t]mIpw Fv t\mn-bm aXn.'' Cu
]d-bp--Xn henb AXn-i-tbm-n-sbm-p-an- Xm\pw. Fs kzX{-amb {]h--\-n\pw bm{Xbvpw hnLv\w t\cn-Sp-p-shv

348

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tXmn-bm Rm Fhn-sS-bm-bmepw AXv hnp-I-fbpw. AXv sXtm icntbm? cp--amImw. ]s, F\n-tX Ignbq.
Fm ]pXnb ]n-bn XpS-cm cp-aqp Imc-W
- Fs
a\-ns\ in-bmbn kzm[o-\n-n-cpp. Iv Innb ]msS HmSn-sbn anlvdm-_n Ibdn \nm [rXn-s ImcWw BZyw ]dbmw.
kk-_o ss{Xam-knI \memw ew Unkw-_ 20\v ]pd-n-dn
AXns ASn \S-p-sIm-n-cn-p-tm sImn m PwKvj-\nep- Cfb tImhn-eIw Pam-Av ]n-bpsS Xmsg-bp ]oSn-I-apdn-bpsS hnem-k-n iu-en F Hcm-fpsS teJ\w X]m-en
Inn. "Ckvem-ans t]cn' FmWv Xe-hm-NIw. Hcp `mh-\m-Ir-XnbpsS Nph-bp-m-bn-cpp AXn\v. teJ\w Hcp Pam-A-p-Im-c-t-XmsWv hmbn--tm t_m[y-ambn. teJ-\-n-ep-S-\ofw Pam-Ans\ hnain-p--Xns t]cn Aajw ]qv Fs ITn-\-ambn
Bt-]n-p hmN-I--fmWv. HSp-hn "Hm-a auehn Zm'
F {Iqc-amb hnti-j-Whpw!-- Hc--cw-t]mepw Xncp-msX, shmsX teJ\w Rm {]n sImSpp. B e-n tNp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. "kwkvImc k--cmbn' thj-an auZq-Zn-I hnai-\s
F{X lo\-amb \ne-bn-emWv t\cn-Sp--sXv Bfp-I Xncn--dn-bs
F-XmWv teJ\w {]kn-o-I-cn-m Fs t{]cn-n hnImcw.
C-s\ Fs Ak-ly-ambn No-hn-fn ]e Ip-Ifpw Rm
]noSv {]kn--s-Sp-n-bn-pv. \memw ew Bfp-Iv Inn
hmb\ \S-p k`-n-emWv kpsse-am lmPn-bpsS Iv
Inp-Xv. sImn-bn ]e-`m-Kpw {]tXy-Inv ]pXnb ]n-bpsS
]cn-k-cpw hcn-m-cpv. ]pXn-b-]n ]cn-k-cs Fs Hmas hcn-m-c ssP\n kmln-_mWv. (Atlw ASpv ac-Wsp FUn-).-- Atlw ]pXn-b-]-n-bnse Hmw kz^nse ncw
\a-kvIm-c-m-c-\p-amWv. ap]-cn-Nbw Dm-bn-cp-n. sI.sI. Da
kmln-_mWv ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-bXv. Ap-ap-X Fpw Fs klIm-cnbpw KpW-Imw-n-bp-ambn hn \nkzm---\m-bn-cpp ssP\n. IrXy-amb tahn-em-k-tmsS sImn-bn \n-b {]kvXpX teJ\w AhnsS Fs\ {]Xn-I-cn--s-n-cn-pp F-dn-bm F\nv BImw Dm-bn-cpp. Atm-gmWv ]-n-bn-te-vWw e`n-p-Xv. sImn-bnse Pam-A-p-Im-cn A[n-I-]-hpw
PpapA \a-kvIm-c-n\v ]s-Sp-p-Xv ]pXnb]n-bn-em-sWpw

349

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F\n--dn-bm-am-bn-cpp. Zm-ens\ Cam-ambn kzoI-cnv \a-kvI-cnp auZq-Zn-Isf ImWm Ign-bp-atm. AYhm Ah Iq-tmsS
]nn-cn-p-t]m-Ip-Xpw ImWmw! CsXms a\-n h-tm
Atmv t]mIm Dm-l-ambn. teiw sshIm-cn-I-am-Wn-sXv Iqntmfq. ]s, XnIpw hnNm-c-]-c-amb hnj-b- thsd-bp-apv.
]pXn-b-]n AXn-a-l-mb Hcp ke^o-Ncn{Xw DWn-cnp CS-amWv. Ncn{Xw Dd-pp FmWv km[m-cW hnti-jn-nm-dp-Xv. ChnsS AXv icn-b. DWv kPo-h-ambn \np-IbmWv. tIc-f-n ISp Jpdm-^m-ns A[n-\n-thiw \nd-ph Imew.- ]n an-dp-I Ad_n GSp-I hmbn-p \nP-oh
tI{--fmbn. ]g-b-Im-ev Hcp CuPn-]vjy ]WvUn-X Fgp-Xnsh ISn-m s]mm Ad_n hmN-I- \nd \_mo
JpXz-v_-I! C_\p \_m-X-p ankvcn F ]WvUn-Xs
t]cn Ah \_mo JpXz-v_-I F-dn-b-s-Spp. CXv km{Xn-I-ambn \S-n-em-m Nne Imc-W--fpv. an JXz-o-_p-ampw
\ ae-bm-f-n kwkm-cn-m Adn-bn. ""Im^vco---fpsS ]
ae-bmfw ]d-bp--h-cpsS idn \npw Rsf \o ImtW Xpcmt\'' Fv ZpB Cc-p--h Cu \ne-bn-em-b-Xn Ap-X-an-tm. `y-m-Z-c-]qw Zpbm-hns Imcy--fn \npw a\-ns\
tamNn-nv Bob Nn-bpsS anSn-p-I-fp-ambn an-dn \np
JXz-o-_ns apn D]-tZ-i-mbn Dp-t\m-p Htsd apJ ImWp-tm ae-bm-f-a-dn-bm JXo-_n\v lrZ-b-an-Snv hnpw. Xe-I-dw hcpw. hndpw. Iq-kn t]mIm tXmpw. Nnev t_m[-ap Fpw hcmw. C-c-msc c-s-Sp-m henb
apkvenbm- Ip-]-Sn cm-amK-am-bn-cpp \_mo JpXz-v_.
an-dn Ibdn GSv \nhn P\--fn \npw apJw adv \onbpw
Ipdp-nbpw D-n hmbnpw. hmbn-p--hv Adn-bn Xm
FmWv hmbn-p--sXv, tIp--h-dn-bn X FmWv
tIp--sXv. As\ Bfp-I Ddw Xqpw. JpXz-v_ C_mZ-mWv. {]tbm-P-\-I-c-amb Hcp ]pWy-I-amWv. {]hm-N-I-t{i-jv-T t]mn-cn-Ifpw ZpamKn-I-fp-amb Hcp P\-Xsb kwkvI-cn-sSpv Xnf-p app-I-fmn temI-n\v km-\n-Xv apJy-ambpw
Xs JpXz-v_-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cpp. B al-mb ]pWy-Ia-amWv
sambvenbm--m Cu tIme-n-em-n-oXv. Cpw hmin-

350

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tbmsS AXv XpS-cpp.

Cs\ Hcp Ccp--Imew! Pmln-en-v sImpw Jpdm-^m-psImpw ]msS aqS-s Imev GXmv 125 hj-v apv
Ad_n Am `mj-bn JpXz-v_ \S-m \nn--s ]n.
AXmWv ]pXn-b-]n. Xon. Am-ev am-tcn _km
hfsc {]kn--amWv. sImn Imb-ens- Xocv sXp-h-Sv \opIn-S-p tdmUv. hSv As aZn-cmin kwm-\-n-em-bn-o t^mp sImn-bp-sSbpw am-t-cn-bp-sSbpw AXnn Xncnp Ihn ]me-ns Xmsg \nv _km XpS-pp.
sXtmv am-tcn t]meokv tj, Bip-]{Xn, t_mv sPn,
Fo {]apJ m]-\- ISp {]kn--amb PqXs-cp-hp-hsc
_km \op-In-S-pp. Ingpw ]Sn-mdpw ]m-n-I-im-e-IsImv \n_n-V-amWv. Ingv sImn Xpd-apJw nXn-sN-p
hnim-e-amb ImbXocw. Av CS-smn ]mew C. \o-Ic
]me-hp-an. sImn-bn \nv sXtm-p bm{X t_mn-emWv. Bepg, Imbw-Ipfw, sImw -hsc t_mv bm{X-Xs. cm{Xn ]v aWntbmsS sImn-bn \npw ]pd-s-Sp t_mv ]ntv shfp--m
Imew Be-p-g-bn-sepw. t_mv kokv hcp--Xn\p apv ISv
h--fm-bn-cpp B{ibw. \nXyhpw \qdp-I-W-n\v h-
sImn-bn \npw Acn, ]e-N-cv km[-\--fp-ambn th-\mv
Imb hgn \op ImgvN at\m-l-c-am-bn-cpp. Imb-en \q-canp InS-p I-ep-I, AXn \npw Nc-p-I Cd-m Iens Dcp-h-ipw \nc-\n-c-bmbn _n-p-In-S-p tXmWn-I,
tPmen-mv Ic-bn-tepw Xncnp I-en-tepw bm{X sNm-\p
At\Iw sNdp-h-n-I, _km-dnse tKm-Uu-Wp-I-fn \npw Ncp-Imbn Imp-In-S-p \qdp-I-W-n\v h-, Hmtcm
h-nepw \mepw Apw tPmen-m, Cs\ cm]-I-ep-I P\
\n_n-V-amb sImn _km Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq sImn cmPy--fpsS
A-Zm-Xm-hmbn \ne-sIm-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. I-h-S-m-cn {]ap-J
KpP-dmn hwi-P-cmb Bem-bn-Ifpw In-ta-aIm-cp-amWv. I
ohvtUmam-cn {]ap-J apkvenw-Ifpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-amWv.
_km-dn\p Npp-ap {]tZ-i--fn \m\m-PmXn aX-cpw CSXqv Xma-kn-pp. an-hmdpw ]mn-I-im-e-Ifpw Npp-ap ]dp-Ifpw AXn \nn-n-p \qdp-I-W-n\v hoSp-Ifpw {ItaW

351

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

In-ta-a hK-n s] tkp-am-cpsS A[o-\-X-bn hp-tNp.

AsXmw ]noSv Ah hJ^v sNbvXv X-fpsS IpSpw-_-{S-p-Ifmn amp-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. Cs hne-\n-e-hm-c-n tImSm-\ptImSn cq] hne-a-Xn-p--h-bmWv Cu {Sp-I-fpsS Iogn-ep kzp. sImn Agn-apJw ISv sshn Ic-bnse amen-pdw, Rmd, \mb-c-ew, sNdmbn XpS-nb {]tZ-i--fnse `qkz-p-I-fne-[n-Ihpw apkvenw tkp-am-cpsS DS-a--X-bn-em-bn-op. sImSp-q-cnepw [mcmfw `qkz-p- Cs\ Dm-bn-cpp. Ahn-S-fn-semw IpSn-bm-mcpw IpSn-In-S-p-Im-cp-ambn Ign-n-cp-Xv anhmdpw Aap-kvenw-I-fm-bn-cpp.
KpP-dm-nse Iv cmPy-p-\npw kao] {]tZ-i--fn \npw
D-X-Ip-e-Pm-X-cmb sshiy kap-Zm-b-nse \nc-h[n IpSpw-_-
Ckvem-an-tev hp. sshiy-cpsS Ipe-sm-gn hym]m-c-amWv. aX]-cn-h\w aqe-ap-mb kmaq-lnI _pn-ap-p-Ifpw hym]mc hyhlm-c
- p \m\m-hn[ ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw aqew KpP-dm-n-I cmPyns ]e `mK--fn-te-mbn IpSn-tbdn. B Iq-n tIc-f-n
hp tN-h-cn `qcn-`m-Khpw hym]mc km[y-X-I apn Ip
sImn-bn-emWv nc-s-Xv. Iptd-t] Be-p-g-bnepw IqSp-Iqn.
Cs\ Fn-t-h-cn Dm-bn-cp apkvenw hn`m-K--fmWv
Bembn taa kap-Zm-b-. Bem-bn-am KpP-dmn `mj kwkmcn-p-h
- c
- m-bn-cpp. Fm taa kap-Zmbw Iv {]tZ-i-p
KpP-dmn Ie en]n-bn-m Hcp \mS `mj-bmWv kwkm-cn-ncp-Xv. AX-h-cpsS amXr-`m-j-bmbn Cpw \ne-\n-p-t]m-cpp. lnpa-X-n Pohn-n-cp--tm Ah-cn-ep-m-bn-cp KpP-dmo BNmc- ]eXpw Ckvem-an-tev hnpw Ah ssIhn-n-cp-n. NnesXmw Ctmgpw Ahn-S-bn \ne-\np-pv. Hcp \qm-n-e[nIw ]nn-p-sh-nepw Xe-ap-d-I ]eXpw sImgn-p-Xos-nepw
hK-]-c-amb Xm]-cy- kwc-n-p--Xnepw kmaq-lnI `{ZX
Imp-kq-n-p--Xnepw Ch {]tXyIw {im-ep--fmWv. Cym
]mIv hn`-P\w \S--tXmsS Npcpw IpSpw-_--sfm-gnv Bembn
hKm apgp-h-\mbn ]m-n-m-\n-tev bm{X-bmbn. Fm
Ivta-a hKw sImn-bn Xs Dd-p-\np. Ch-cpsS _p awK-em-]p-cpw _mwq-cnepw Xncp-h-\--]p-cpw Be-p-g-bnepw Imbw-Ip-f-p-sa-m-apv.

352

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Bembo taa hK--sfmw l\^o aZvl-_ns\ XJveoZv

sNp--h-cmWv. t]cns Ah-km-\-n tkv F {]tbm-K-neqsS Ah-cpsS hK-]-c-amb {]tXy-IX \ne-\npp. Zm\-[-fpsS amlmyw Gsd Dbn-m-p-Ibpw hfsc t{]mm-ln-np-Ibpw sNp l\^o aZvl-_ns kzm[o-\-amWv hJ^v m]\- [mcm-f-ambn m]n--s-Sp-hm\pw \nXy-[m-Zn-I-fn X]c-cm-Ip-hm\pw taa kap-Zm-b-nse [\m-Vysc t{]cn-X-cm-n-bXv.
CXv Zo\-Z-bm-ep-Xzhpw kz`mh sshin-jvSy-hp-ap Hcp kmwkvIm-cnI
Hu-Xyw Ch-cn Dmn. P\- Ahsc BZ-cn-p-Ibpw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B apkvenw hK--fn \npw Cu kvt\lmZc-hp-I Ah ]nSn-p-]n. km[m-c-W-mcpw sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw Ch-sc
apX-emfn F _lp-am\ \ma-n-emWv kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn-cp-Xv.
hKo-b-X-bmWv Ch-cn thcp-]n-Sn Hcp tZmjw. kaq-l-n
ebn-m Ah Iqm-n-bn. sImn-bnse ss\\m F hKhpw
C-s\-bm-bn-cpp. Ch {_mW hK-n \nv ]cn-h\w
sNbvX-h-cm-sWv ]d-b-s-Spp. ss\\m-amcpw In-mcpw hnhm-l_---fn BVy-Xz-ns \ng-en Xs \np. Ah-cpsS
kv{XoIsf ae-bmfo (ae-_mcn) apkvenw-I hnhmlw sNpw. ]nXr
Ipe Ah-Imiw hKo-b-am-bn-Xs Ah \ne-\nn-t-mp. aebmfo h\n-X-I-fn \npw P\n-p Ipn-Iv In kap-Zm-b-n
hK-]-c-amb Hcp thXn-cnhv Ch IW-m-n-bn-cpp. s_k F
t]cn-emWv Cu a ]p-Im-ev ]d-b-s-n-cp-Xv. Io ss\\m
hK--fn kv{XoI Ii-\-amb N-q-Sp-I-fn Ign-tb-n-hp.
AXp-sIm-p-Xs Ahv hnZym-`ymkw Jp-B HmXm ioen am{X-am-bn-cpp. Io kv{XoI D-Zp `mjbpw ]Tnpw. aZvd-kI-fn t]mepw Ahsc Ab-p-I-bn. Jp-B HmXm\pw HmXnm\pw ioe-ap ae-_mcn s]p-sf hon hcpn thX\w
\In-bmWv ]T\w \n-ln-p-Xv. hon In `mj am{Xta
kwkm-cnq. hop-tPm-en-mbn \np ae-bmfn kv{Xo ]pcp-jm-cp-am-bp k-n-eq-sS-bmWv kv{XoI ae-bmfw ]dp
ioen-p-Xv. Aap-kvenw-I-fmb KpP-dmo kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m-cpsS
ae-bmfw Cpw ip-a. kmaq-ln-I-amb CS-]-g-I-ep-I-fn-ep ]eXcw _-\--fmWv CXn\p ImcWw. ]gb lnp BVy-hK-fnse kv{XoIp-m-bn-cp hne-p-I Io ss\\m kap-Zm-b-

353

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

fpw ]np-S-XmWv Cu tZmj-n\v \nan--am-bXv. tLmj

kv{XoI FmWv Ch Adn-b-s-n-cp-Xv. A]q-ambn ]pd-nd-t \n_-n-Xm-h Dm-bm apJw-aq-Snb _pJ-Ipn Ah \opw. [\m-Vy-cpsS kv{XoI Imdntem IpXn-c-h-nbntem, dnm-h-n-I-fntem am{Xta bm{X-t]mIq. Imdn bm{X sNp--hsc ss{Uhp-t]mepw ImWm Ign-bn. apJwapSn- [-cnpw
Imdns Ccp-h-i--fn hncn-I LSn-n-p-amWv bm{X. IpXn-c-h-npw dn-h-n-Ipw Ccw I-\p-I {]tXy-I-ambn Dm-bncnpw. ss\\m-am Ime-ns Hgp-n IS-]p-gIn hoWp. km-nI-amb ISp XI ISpw-]n-Sp-- Dt]-n-m Ahsc \n_-n-X-cmn. kaq-l-n ]Xps ebn-p-tN-cp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS
hnhm-l-_---fn hKo-bX Cm-Xm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm
In-m Cu ]nSpw ]e-tmgpw Dt]-n-n-n. ASp IpSpw-_mZn-I Xn am-{Xw- hnhm-l-_--n Gs-p-sImv- hK-o-bamb X-fpsS \ne-]mSv hnp-ho-gvN-bn-msX XpS-cp-I-bmWv. AhcpsS kv{Xo-I s]mXpsh A-S--ap--hcpw `m--m-tcm-Sp
BZ-chv IWn-i-ambn ]men-p--h-cp-am-Ipp.
]pXnb]n-bpsS \nm-W-L--n-te-p Imc-W- hnhcn-p--Xn\p apv Cu Ncn{X ]m-ew Npcp--n ]d-b-Wsav tXmn. Adnpw tIpw D-a-t_m-[y-ap-h am{X-amWv
ChnsS Ipdn-p-Xv. Hcp-]mSv \-I-fp, kmwkvIm-cn-I-ambn KpWta--bp Hcp hn`m-K-amWv In-ta-a kap-Zmbw F hkvXpX
hnkva-cn-m-h-X. Xnc-t-dnb _km tdmUn hnim-e-amb Hcp
l\^o akvPn-Zpv. ]gb]n F t]cn-emWv \mp-Imn-S-bn
CX-dn-b-s-Sp-Xv. KpP-dmo hwi-P-cmb Bembn, Io kap-Zm-b Zo\n ]ecpw l\^o aZvl-_ns A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-am-b-Xn\m l\^o Im-\p-jvTm\ hn[n-{]-Imcw \S-p Hcp akvPnZv
Ah m]n-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. AtXm-S-\p-_-nv hnim-e-amb
Hcp J_m-\p-apv. AhnsS In-ta-aImsc am{Xsa J_-d-S-mdpq. Bem-bn-am Ctm hnc-en-se-m-hp--h am{Xta sImn-bnepq. ]pXn-b-]-n-bn-tev Cu ]gb]n-bn \npw GXm\pw
ao AIew am{X-ta-bpq. Hcp \qm-n\p apv P\-kw-Jy-bpsS
tXmXv F{X Ipd-hm-bn-cp-p-shv Dulnmw. ]gb]n hnime
kuI-cy-ap--Xm-Wv Xm\pw. B \nev AhnsS asmcp ]n-bpsS

354

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AXym-h-iytam Bh-iytam Dm-bn-cp-n. Fnpw Hcp akvPnZv

AhnsS Dmbn. sX tIc-f-n ke^n aqhvsans AkvXnhm-c-am-bn-cpp ]pXnb]n. ]g-a-m-cn \npw tI-dn Hcp kw`h-amWv CXns Ncn{Xw. ]n-bn sslZ-cm-_m-Zp-Im-c-\mb Hcp D-Zp
]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cpp Camapw Jo-_p-ambn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-n-cpXv. "\mKq-cnse Imf' F Hcp {]tbmKw tIn-cn-p-atm. ]g-amv Ip ]cn-N-b-ap-mIpw. Hcp Imfsb Na-bn-n-s-Sppw.
AXns ]pdv ]-p-X-p-Ifpw s\n-bn ]-sm-Snbpw sImn
tNv sIn Igp-nepw Imenepw sImp-I-fnepw Inep-p
aWn-I sIn Imfsb B\-bn-p-sIm-p-h-cpw. IqsS Ipg-eq-Xnbpw
sN-ap-nbpw cp aqp-t]cpw. B kwL-ns eoU-dmbn ]jm ]pXv In Hcp sN-s-nbpw AXn a\p-jys ssIImep-I,- aqv, sNhn, enwKw, tbm\n XpS-nb Ah-b-h--fpsS BIrXn-bn shn-bn Xo sImp-cq-]-fpw Dm-bn-cnpw. hmZyta-f--tfmsS Ae--cn Imfsb B\-bnp hoSp-I-fp-sSbpw IS-I-fpsSbpw apn sImp-h-p-\npw. Nne {]tXyI hmZy-kz-c-fpw
eoU-dpsS ]Z-{]-tbm-K-fpw tIp-io-en Imf Xe-bm-p-tm aWnI Xmf-n Inenpw. CtXm-sSmw \mKq B-h-cpsS A\p{Klw \Iepw apdmZv lmkn-em-Im-\p (B{Kl k^-eo-I-cWw)
t\ kzoI-cn--ep-amWv. CXv ]W-am-bn-mWv kzoI-cn-pI. Ah-bh-p AkpJw t`Z-am-Im shn-bpsS Ah-b-h-cq-]-
t\-bm-p--hcpw [mcm-f-ambn ImWpw. Acw Bfp-I-fpsS
In sN-s-n-bn \nv AsX-Spp In sImSpv sImv
hne ]d-bp-Ibpw B kwJy Ch hmp-Ibpw sNpw. Ah-b-h-cq-] _nkvan sNmn Xncn-p-hmn hopw s]n-bn Xs \nt]npw. Cs\ ]v shn-cq-]--fp-s-n Imem-Im-e-tv
aXn-bmIpw. hnUvVn-I-fmb A-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS [mcW Cu cq]-fpw ]Whpw \mKq B-h-cpsS kn-[n-bn Fp-sapw
Xp-thn Cu ssiJv {]mn-pI hgn B-h-cpsS cIn-p-sa-p-amWv. Cu Imf-bpsS Xe-bm--ens\ D]-an-p-sImv, dm
aqfn-I-fm-b-hsc \mKq-cnse Imf Fm-t-]n-p-Xpw ]Xn-hm-bncpp.
Hcp Znhkw \mKq-cnse- Imfsb Fgp-p--n-v sImv Hcp hmZytLmjkwLw am-tcn _km-dnse IS-I tXmdpw \Sp ]ncnsh-Spv hcn-I-bm-bn-cpp. ]gb]n-bnse sslZ-cm-_m-Zp-Im-c

355

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

auehn Xs hmn-w-Kv-kvdv-dn-p-ambn FXnsc hcp-p-m-bn-cpp.

ITn\ inn-sbpw Jpdm-^m-n-sbpw tIma-c-amb Cu Imfsb
I-tm At-l-n\v Ien-I-bdn. Xs Dup-h-Sn-sImv Imfsb
ASnp. Xp-sIm thZ-\-bn Imf hnc-tmSn. Xnc-t-dnb _km
tdmUv `b-ap-J-cn-X-ambn. \mKq B-h-cpsS hnip {]Xo-I-amb
Imfsb Xnb alm-]m]w sIme-]m-X-I-t-m Kpcp-X-c-ambn
KWn-p Hcp kaq-l-n Fp kw`-hn-Ww?- B ]WvUn-X
]n-bn \npw ]pd-m--sp. sImt--XmWv! Fp-sImtm
AXp-m-bn.!!
Am-ev sImn _km-dnse henb hym]m-cnbpw [\m-Vy\pw
`-\p-am-bn-cpp A_vZp lmPn BZw tkv. \ Btcm-Ky-ap-h `n tamlnv hcp-tm Atlw Xs Pp Dbn ]pdw-Xncnp apXpIv ImWn-p-sIm-Sp-p-am-bn-cpp Fv ]g-a-m ]d-Xv tIn-p-v. Xs apXp-In-ep shfp sXmen-bnse Idp- Xgn `mKw ImWn-np ]d-bp-as{X! ""tPmen sNbvXv Inp--XmWv
Daw. Itm Fs apXp-Inse Xgv. XpWn-sv Npap \S-Xns AS-bm-f-amWv.'' apXp-In hkv{X--fpsS `mWvU-hp-ambn \Sv hoSp-I Ib-dn-bn-dn I-hSw \S-p hym]m-cn-I apv
\psS \mn-ep-m-bn-cpp. AXm-bn-cp-p-hs{X At-l
- ns BZys sXmgn. Cs\ ITn-\m-zm-\-n-eqsS ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn Ibdn
henb [\m-Vy\pw eoUnwKv hym]m-cn-bp-am-bn-o henb a\pjy-\m-bn-cpp tkp kmln_v. kz`mh aln-abpw aX-`-nbpw DZm-c-a-\kvI-Xbpw Hp-tN alm-\-hI k-cmepw BZ-cn--s-Sp
Ah--bn-tev Dbp. \mKq-cnse Imf-bp-ambn _-s hnh-c-fpsS \nP-nXn Adn-bm At-l-n\v BImw--bmbn. Amlp At-ls Zpbm-hn-se--Xn-t\-m BJn-d-n- Db
]Zhn \Ip-hm Xocp-am-\n-p-sh-mWv kw`-h-ns ]cn-Wmaw
\-s t_m[y-s-Sp-p-Xv.
tkv kmln_v, _ln-jvIr-X-\mb B ]WvUn-Xs\ Xs ]mnI-im-e-bnse B^o-kn-tev Wn-p-h-cpn. BImw-m-`-cn-X-\mb
tkp-hn\v hnj-b-ns \nP-n-Xnbpw AXn-ep hnizmk hyXnbm-\-ns Kpcp-X-cm-h-bpw Atlw hnh-cn-p-sIm-Spp. ilmZv Ien-a-bpsS kmchpw GI-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS amlm-yhpw tkphns\ t_m[y-s-Spn. Ckvem-ans ASn-d Xs XI-p-I-f-

356

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bp hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bvv ka-amb in \S-]-Sn-bmWo Imf-]q-Psbpw Am-lp-hns GI-Xz-n-s\-Xn-cn {]Zin-n-p Cu

tIma-cs ASn-tm-Sn-Xv Xs Cuam-\ns t{]c-W-bm-bn-cp-pshpw alm-\mb auehn kuln_v tkns apn kss[cyw
DWn. kwK-Xn-I {im-]qw tIn-cp tkv kmln-_ns
lrZ-b-n-tev Xulo-Zns Inc-W- ]mp-I-bdn. bYm
`n-sImv ]nS B lrZbw DS Xs {]Xn-I-cn-p-hs{X! ""Cu
kXyw apkvenw-Isf t_m[y-s-Sp-m, inn-s\-Xn-cn XuloZns i_vZ-ap-bm Hcp akvPnZv thWw. AXv Rm \nnpw.
Xm AhnsS Camapw JXz-o-_p-am-bn-cnpw.'' As\ ]n \nn--sp. AXmWv ]pXn-b-]n.
]pXnb]n F JymXn t\Snb Cu t]cv \nm-Xmthm At-lns IpSpw-_tam \In-b-X. \mp-Im sImSp--XmWv. CXns
]nn cv A`yq-l--fpv. Hcp ]n sXmp--tm ]pXp-Xmbn
Dmb ]n-sb \ne-bn BZy-t-Xn\v ]gb]n Fpw
cm-a-t-Xn\v ]pXnb]n-sbpw hnfn-p-t]mp. CXm-Wv Hcp
h-am\w. asmv C-s\-bmWv:- "]pXnb aX"mcpsS ]n F
\ne-bn ]pXn-b-]-n-sbv P\- t]cn--tm ]gb aX-m-cptSXv ]gb]n Fpw ]d-b-sp. Am-ev hlm-_n-I F
t]cp-Im "]pXn-b-aX'-mcm-Wtm. ]ptcm-ln-X-m A-s\-bm-Wtm {]N-cn-n-Xv. cm-as A`yq-l-n\pw Nne ASn-m-\-fpv.- ]n ]WnX tijw PpapA XpSn. sslZ-cm-_m-Zp-Im-c
auehn Ddp-Zp-hn JpXv_ \Sn. t{imXm- A[n-Ihpw DdpZp
Ad-n-bp In-mcpw Bem-bn-Ifpw Bbn-cpp. Ah Xs A_vZpm lmPn BZw tkp-hns kzm[o-\-m Fp--hcpw. A]Xn Xmsg Bfp-I! ae-bm-fn-I Ib-dp-I-bn. hlm-_n-I-fpsS
]n-bn t]mbm \a-kvIm-c-n\v \mtem Atm t] ImWpw.
]n-bn \a-kvIm-c-n\v nc-ambn Bsf Dm-p-hm tkpkm-ln_v hfsc XymKw sNbvXn-pv. Xrin-\m-n-n-bn \npw
s\bvp-Im-cmb dmhp- hn`m-K-n-ep apkvenw sXmgn-emfn
IpSpw-_-sf Atlw sImn-bn sImp-hp. ]n-bpsS ]cn-kcv Ahv Xma-kn-m hoSp \In. X-fpsS s\bvp tPmen
sNm tkp-hns sNe-hn s\bvp-]-I-c-W-amb Xdn sImSpp.
hoSpw tPmenbpw kuP\yw. Hcp \n_-\ am{Xw, Fm hJvn\pw

357

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]n-bn Pam-A-n\v lmP-dp-m-hWw. As\ nc-ambn Ipdp-t] Dmbn.- tkv henb [n-jvT-\m-bn-cpp. ]mh-v Dbq-Wn\v tlm-en-tev ]mn-I-im-e-bn \npw Nop-sIm-Sp-p
Gm-Sp-m-bn-cpp. sshIp-t-chpw [mcmfw t] hcpw, Nmb-min-\mbn. CsXmw ]mn-I-im-e-bn \npw amn ]n-bn \npw
\a-kvIm-c-tijw sImSp--emn. AXp hmm hcp km[p-
fplvdn\pw Ak-dn\pw ]n-bn-tev hcm XpSn. As\ ]I
]n kPo-h-ambn. Cu \ne-bn Xs kpw a\pw thpthmfw kXy-amK-n An alm-m-hm-bn-cpp A_vZp
lmPn BZw tkv . hym]m-cmw ]mn-I-im-e-bn ]te-S-p-\nmbn hs-p apkvenw CS-]m-Sp-Imsc Atlw Xs akvPn-Zntev Wnpw. Cs\ \m\m-hn-[-n Zi-I- ITn-\m-zm\w
sNbvXp-sImv Xulo-Zns shfnw P\-lr-Z-b--fn-tev ]I-cm
Atlw XymKw sNbvXp. ]n-bpsS kwc--W-n\pw \S-n-n\p-am- bn Xs kzp--fn \npw Hcp `mKw hJ^v sNbvXp. Atl-ns t]cn-ep {Sv ]nv Xmpw Ai-c-Wv XW-epambn Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eqsS \ne-\n-p-t]m-cp-pv. al-mb Cu [m-]-\-ns amt\-PnwKv {Sn Ctm apkvenw-eo-Kns Adn-bs-Sp t\Xm-hmb A_vZpm lmPn AlvaZv tkv AhI B-Wv.
At-lw Xs-bmWv HutZym-KnI apX-h-nbpw. Ctm BIvSnv
apX-h-n-bmbn ]n \nn tkp-km-ln-_ns aqmw Xe-ap-dbnse sNdp-a-I Akvew tkp-hmWv Npa-X-e-I \n-ln-pXv. {]Xy--n Hcp Kuc-h-m-c-\mbn tXmp-sa-nepw Atlw
Ir]-bp a\-ns DS-a-bm-sWv F\nv t_m[y-am-bn-pv.
Akve-ans\ Rm CjvS-s-Spp. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
]pXnb]n-bp-ambn Bdp ]Xn-m-n-tesd F\nv B-_-apv. Rm apv ]d-n-p-tm Fs IpSpw_w IWn-bm-]p-cv
Xma-k-am-nb IY. Xulo-Zns shfnw Fs lrZ-bs {]Im-i]q-cn-X-am-nb sNdp-{]m-b-n Rm amXm-]n-Xm-sf ImWm
sXtmpw Zkn ]T-\mw Xncnp hS-tmpw bm{X-sN-ptm sImn-bn Hcp Znhkw Xpw. Xulo-Zns {]` ]c-p
]pXnb]n-bn \a-kvI-cn-m F\nv henb taml-am-bn-cpp.
hm-smcp Bo-b-amb B\-m-\p-`qXn CXn-eqsS Rm A\p-`hn-n-cpp. ]Xn-m-p-I ]nn--tm Fs Ffnb {]t_m-[\
{]h-\-v Xmpw XW-ep-ambn `hn al-mb tI{-sa

358

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\ne-bn Cu Bob _w Cpw \ne-\npp. ]pXn-b-]-nbp-ambn _-s-Sm asmcp A\p-Iqe LS-Ihpw F\n-p-m-bncpp. Fs aq tPyjvT apl--Zpn R-fpsS Zcn-{Z-Im-ev
hfsc Azm-\nv Rsf t]mn-bn-pv. B \ Hm-I Hcnepw an-tm-Ip--X. Atlw Iptd-mew Rp-thn
sImn-m-b-en InSv ITn-\m-zm\w sNbvXp. sImn-m-b-en
tXmWn--Wn-bp-ambn Ignp. Cu tPmenv cmhpw ]Iepw F
hyXym-k-an Am-ev. tPyjvT kl-\-io-e\pw ITn-\m-zm-\n-bpam-bn-cpp. At-l-n\v Fv a-fpv. \mev s]pw \mev BWpw.
\ a-fmWv. B hnj-b-n Atlw `mKy-hm-\mWv. Fm-hcpw
\oXn-\n-jvT-bn Pohn-p--h-cmWv. Xo-bmbpw Ah-cpsS \nc--camb {]m-\-I At-l-n\v- \ apXq-m-bn-cnpw. Amlp
Fs tPyjvT\v _k-Jn-bmb kuJyw \Ip-Ibpw kzK-n
CSw \Ip-Ibpw sNp-am-dm-Is.
sImn-bn hm ]pXnb]n-bp-am-bn-mWv _w. Iptd-mes D-Zp JpXz-v_v tijw ]no-SXv ae-bm-f-n-embn. Fs
Hm-bn sImSp--q `mK-s-hn-sStbm D Hcp am aue-hnbm-bn-cpp JXz-o_v. ]noSv ]pXn-b-]-n-bpsS ]cym-b-ambn amdnb
sskZp-Ipn lmPn, sImn sNn ]n-bnse Zkn AwK-am-bncpp. Ftm Imc-W-h-im AhnsS \npw ]ncnp. tijw ]pXnb-]-n- hI XAveoap apkven-ao- aZvd-k-bn Aym-]-I-\mbn.
am auehn CS-m-ev NnIn-mw eohn\v t]mb-tm
Atlw ]I-c-m-c\-mbn. am auehn Xncn-p-h-s-nepw A[n-I\m XpSn. tijw sskZvIpn lmPn AhnsS Camapw JXz-o_p-ambn. GXmv aqp ]Xn-m-n-e-[nIw Atlw Cu m\v
km-Z-c-Wo-b-\mbn XpSp. XnI `-\m-bn-cpp Atlw.
At-l-ns i_vZw- t]mepw t{imXm--fpsS lrZ-b-n `n-]I-cp \ne-bn A\p-{K-lo-X-am-bn-cpp. hfsc im-kz-c-n
kwkm-cnpw. kvt\l-tmsS CS-]-gIpw. Bpw shdp-p-h-cm
CS-h-cp-msX kqnpw. X\nv icn-sbv t_m[y-ap hnj-b-fn ZrV-amb \ne-]mSv kzoI-cnpw. FXnt hnj-b--fn
lmPn-bpsS i_vZw K-\-ambn cq]m--c-sSpw. kn.F. AlvaZv
aue-hn-bpsS hyXn-bm-\-s-Xn-cn \nc--c-amb t]mcmw Cu
C\-n-em-bn-cpp. tIcf \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zos sImn imJbpsS Hm-as {]kn-Uv At-l-ns A`n-{]m-b-v

359

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ghpw apnb ]cn-K-W\ \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. Fp {]iv\-apm-bmepw "lmPn-bm-tcmSp tNmZnmw' F-h ]dbpw. Atlw
]d-bp-Xv ASn kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.
sImn-bnse {]apJ `qhp-S-abpw [\m-Vy\pw ]uc-{]-ap-J-\p-am-bncpp Ckvam-Cu lmPn Cukm tkv. Rm hgn-am-dn-tm-Ip-pshv Bt-]n--cpXv. hgn-bpsS Ccp-h-ipw Nne Ncn-{X-h-kvXpX-I-fpv. AXv In-sv \Snv aptmv t]mIm h. AXn
Nne ]mT- Dm-tbmw. Ckvam-Cu lmPn Cukm tkv m]n al-mb hnZym-e-b-amWv Xs ]nXm-hns t]cn-ep {]kn-amb lmPn Cukm lmPn aqkm satm-dn-b sslkvIq. `oamIm-c-amb kvIq sIn-Shpw hnim-e-amb {Kupw tImSn-I hne-aXn-p--XmWv. apkvenw-I hnZym-`ym-k-tmSv hnapJX- ImWn-p
Ime-L--n-emWv CXv m]n-Xv. Aapkvenw `qcn-] taJ-ebmb ]mekv tdmUns a[y-`m-Kv \nn--s Cu hnZym-e-bns KpWw BZy-Im-e--fn A\p-`-hn-Xv CXc kap-Zm-b--fm-bncpp. sImn-bnse apkvenw-Iv A-cm-`ym-k-n\v Gsd {]tNmZ\w \Inb Cu m]-\-n \npw ]Tnv hfv Db
aWvU-e--fn hnl-cn-p Htsd Bfp-I Ctmgpw Dv.
Ckvam-Cu lmPn Cukm tkp-hns aq aI ]nm-ev
kn\nam cwKv {]kn--\mbn. "sNo _m_p' FmWv Atlw
Adn-bs-Sp-Xv. "sNo' F t]cn hn ]Ww apSn Atlw Hcp kn\na FSp-p-Ibpw AXv At\Iw AhmUp-I Ic-am-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p-s{X. Cfb aI CJv_m Ctm kvIq
`cWw \S-pp. Ckvam-Cu lmPn Cukm tkp-hns aq aIsf-bmWv hyh-kmb {]ap-J\pw sI.F.Fw. kwm\ {]kn-Upw
kkz-`m-hnbpw [n-jvT-\p-am-bn-cp lmPn kmse apl-Zv
C_vdmlow tkv hnhmlw sNbvXXv. A\p-P apl-Zv C_vdmlow
tkv Cfb aI-sfbpw Iey-mWw Ignp. Ch-cpsS amXmhv Akvam
_ohn In-taa A. sImSp--q-cn-ep Hcp km[m-cW ae-_mcn
IpSpw-_-n-ep--XmWv. Ah-cpsS t]cn m]n-X-am-b-XmWv Fw.C.Fkv. \S-n-h-cp {]kn--amb Akvam_n tImtfPv. Ckvam-Cu lmPn Cuk-m tkp-hns acWtijw hn[-h-bmb Akvam_n
Gsd Imew ]p\ hnhm-l-n\v Xm-dm-bn-cp-n.
sskZv Ipn-lmPn hjw- tXmdpw lv I-n\v t]mIp-am-

360

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn-cpp. ap-Xn]cw lv \n-ln--Xm-bn-mWv Adnhv. R

a-bn shv [mcmfw ImWp-Ibpw kulrZw ]pXp-p-Ibpw ]Xnhm-bn-cpp. Am-ev A[n-Ihpw I-en-emWv bm{X. lmPn kmln_ns\ ap--h sNehv sImSpv sImp-t]m-I-emWv ]Xnhv. Atl-ns Adnhpw {ibpw B{K-lnpw, X\nv kzw \mSp-t]mse
kpDuZn Atd-_y-bn-ep ]cn-N-bhpw ti-I-c-amb As bm{Xbn henb Xmpw XW-ep-ambn At-ls lmPn-am ]cn-K-Wnp-Xpw XpS-bmb lv bm{Xv \nan--am-bn-cpp. Hcp kwLw lmPn-am-cpsS ssKUmbn sskZp-Ipn-lmPnsb Fm hjhpw lv thf-bn ImWmw. `-\mb lmPn-bm-cpsS kPo-h-k-mn-[yw lmPn-amv Hc-\p-{Klw Xs-bm-bn-cpp. CXv aqew Htsd
A\m-Nm-c--fn \npw lmPn-am c-s-n-cpp. Hcn- CkvamCu lmPn Cukm tkp-hns hn[h Akvam-_o-hnbpw lmPn
kmln-_ns kwL-n hnip lv I-n-\mbn bm{X-bmbn.
lmPn-bpsS aX-`-nbpw Adnhpw s]cp-am acym-Z-Ifpw Akvam-_nsb
Gsd BIjnp. lv Ignp aS-n-sb-nb Akvam-_ohn
Ipd-p-\mp tijw lmPn kmln-_n-t\mSv hnhm-lm-`y\ \Sn. lmPn AXv kzoI-cnp. Ah-cpsS hm-ev {]Imcw sImnbnse {]ap-J-\mb Ino tkp-hmWv (Fv.C. apl-Zv _m_p tkphns ]nXmhv) B \nm-ln\v hen-mbn \nXv. sImnsb {]I\w sImn Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-cpp CXv. sImn-bnepw ]pd-p-ap In-ta-a kap-Zmbw H-Sw Cu hnhm-l-n\v FXn-cm-bn-cpp.
kzw a t]mepw D-bpsS Xm]-cy-n\v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cpn. sImn cmPkZ-n t]mepw BZ-cn--s-n-cp, IncoSw shm cmPm-shv P\w hmgvn-bn-cp Ckvam-Cu lmPn Cuk-m
tkp-hns hn[-hbpw henb [\m-Vy-bp-amb Akvam_ohn Hcp
km[m-c-W-m-c-\mb ae-bmfo apkvenbmsc thp-Xv BVy-Xzns Dcp-p-tIm-bvv G h BLm-X-am-bn-mWv In-ta-a
hn`mKw IW-n-se-Sp-Xv. CXv kw_--ambn ]e IY-Ifpw ]-c-p.
At-l-ns BZi-_-p-fpw KpW-Imw-n-Ifpw Cu Zpjv{]N-c-W--fn hoWp. Ahcpw At-l-n-s\-Xn-cn apJw Xncnp.
hfsc ASp--h t]m-epw At-ln- \n--I-p.- sskZvIpn
lmPn-bpsS Pohn-X-n-se Ghpw thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb Hcp Ime-L-am-bn-cp--p AXv. Cu {]Xn-Iqe kml-Ncyw hI-sh-msX Atlw
]n-bnse Npa-X-e-I-fn XpSp. kaq-l-ns apJw Xncn-

361

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

a\-n-em-n-smtm, Xs A`n-am-\-n\v tbmPn-m--Xp-sImtm F-dn-bn, JXz-o_v m\w Hgn-bm\pw Xtm-sSmv Xma-kam-m\pw Akvam_n lmPn kmln-_ns\ \n_-n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw m\-sam-gnp. ]I-c-m-c-\mbn hXv Sn.Fw. CkvlmJv auehn AhI-fm-bn-cpp. F.F. lao-Zns ]nXmhv tUm. auem-\-bmWv CkvlmJv aue-hnsb ]n `mc-hm-ln-Iv ]cn-N-b-sSp-n-bXv. Im-n-_v A_vZp--aZv aue-hn-bpsS BZy `mcy-bpsS
]nXmhmWv CkvlmJv auehn. Ft-m {]mbw-sImv aq-XmWv. Ctm aI-t\m-sSmv ae-pdw Uuln-n hn{ia PohnXw
\bn-pp. Xs Cfb aI-fpsS `mhv XncqmSv sI.kn. apl-Zpn am-dpsS hon CSp hp Atlw Xma-knpw. R-
kZm k--n-emWv. FtmSv \qdp-i-X-am\w s]mcp--s-Sp
BZi _phpw kvt\l k--\p-amWv CkvlmJv auehn.
CkvlmJv aue-hn-bpsS sImn-bn-te-p hchv 1959 Ime-mbn-cpp FmWv Hm. tIc-f-nse BZy Iyq-Wnp a{n-k`bvv FXn-cn \S AXn-i--amb hntam-N\kacw Ac-t-dp
Imew. CkvlmJv auehn Hcp ^pssSw apkvenweoKv {]mkw-Kn-I\m-bn-cpp. \ Hgp-p kmc-K`-amb {]kwKw. sImn-bnse eoKv
t\Xm-hm-bn-cp tUmIvS auem-\-bp-ambn aue-hn-bpsS _w Cu
\ne-m-bn-cpp. CkvlmJv auehn \smcp Aym-]-I\pw IqSnbmWv. ]pXnb]n-bp-sSbpw AtXm-S\
- p-_
- n-p aZvdk
- I
- f
- p-sSbpw
Npa-Xe At-l-n \nn-]vX-ambn. aZvdkm ]T\ coXn sI.F.Fw. kne-_kv A\p-k-cnv Atlw kwhn-[m\w sNbvXp. t\cs
AXp-m-bn-cp-n. sskZvIpn lmPn-bn \nv FXnp-m-bncp-p-sh-n ]n `mc-hm-ln-I AS-n-bn-cn-p-I-bn. Ahv
Ana hmv lmPn-bp-tS-XmWv. al-nse P\-fpw As\ Xs.
]pXnb]n-bnse Cam-am-bn-cns Xs CkvlmJv auehn hntam-N\
kac ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS ap-Wn-bn Dm-bn-cpp. Atlw ka-c-PmY-I \bn-p-Ibpw ]n-nv t]mep ka-c-{In-b-I DZvLm-S\w
sNp-Ibpw ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-p-shv ZrIvkm-n-bmb laoZv FtmSv
]d-n-pv. laoZv CkvlmJv aue-hn-bpsS injy-\mWv. {]kw-K-Ie-bpsS _me-]m-T- X\nv \In-bXpw t{]mm-ln-n-Xpw
CkvlmJv aue-hn-bm-bn-cp-p-shv laoZv A\p-kva-cn-pp. 74
Imn_v A_vZp--aZv aue-hnv sImn-bnse Ckvemlo _p-

362

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\Inb kvt\l kzoI-c-W-n laoZv {]kw-Kn-p-Xv Iv

CkvlmJv auehn AXy-[nIw BmZw {]I-Sn-n-p-Xv Rm t\cn A\p-`-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp bYm Kpcp-\m-Ys\ Atm-
At-l-n Zinp.
GXmv cp hjw CkvlmJv auehn Cs\ XpSp. Atm sskZvIpn lmPn-bpsS Pohn-X-n hopw hen-sbmcp
{]Xn-kn Df-hmbn. Akvam _ohn-bp-am-bp hnhm-l-n\v Inta-a hn`m-K-n-ep _lp-`q-cn-]-hpw FXn-cm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw
{ItaW B hnImcw sI-Wp. ]s, afpw ASp IpSpw-_mwK-fpw ka-c-k-s-Sm Xm-dm-bn. a kzta-[-bmtbm t{]c-Wbmtem lmPn-bmsc hnhn[ \ne-I-fn hn-j-an-np. At-l-ns
AXn-Yn-I-sfbpw ]e \nepw A]-am-\n-n-cp-p-shv lmPn kmln_v Xs ]noSv ]d-n-pv. Fd-Wm-Ip-fs _wm-hn ncXm-a-k-am-n-b-Xn-\m t^mp-sImn Ih-n-bn-ep-m-bn-cp
BZy `mcy-tbbpw a-tfbpw kin-p-Xv hnc-f-ambn. AXv asmcp hnj-a-n\pw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw CS-bmbn. C-s\-bn-cns ]pXnb-]n JXz-o-_p-m-\-p-\npw CkvlmJv auehn hnc-an-m
Imc-W-ambn. sskZvIpn lmPn Xm\w hopw Gs-Spp.
Xmakw ]n-bn Xs ]g-b-Xp-t]mse nc-s-Spn. CXv cmw
`mcyv Xr]vXn-bm-bn-cp-n. Xtm-sSmv Ign-b-W-sa Ah-cpsS
\n_--n\v Atlw hg-m Iqm-n-bn. AtXmsS Ahn-S-bn Akzm-ckyw hf-cp-Ibpw aqn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xs
XzemJv Ah kzbw Bh-iy-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. As\ B _w
Ah-km-\n-np. asmcp Kpcp-X-c-amb Imc-Whpw lmPn-bm-cpsS a\-n kwi-b-ambn InS-n-cpp. cp hj-m-es Cu ZmXy
_-n Akvam_n K`n-Wn-bmbn. ]s, {]k-h-n Ipn
acnp. Cu Zpc--I-Y-bnse kXym-k-Xy--fpsS ]qW--cq]w Amlp-hn\v am{Xta Adnbq. IY-bpsS Ah-km-\-n lmPn kmln_v
Xs KpW-Imw-n-I-fmb ASp kplr-p--tfmSv shfn-s-Spnb Imcy--fmWv Rm ChnsS Ipdn-n-p-Xv. NneXv Atlw
FtmSv t\cn ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. Rm Hcn-epw CXv
Hcp hm-bm-m {ian-n-n. kw`m-j-W-n-\n-S-bn Bsc-nepw AXn\p Xp\n--tm-sgmw Rm hnk--Xn-p-Ibpw \ncp-ml-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. Atm Fn\v Cu IY Chn-sS

363

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ipdn-np F tNmZyw kzm`m-hn-I-amWv. Akvam-_nbpw lmPn kmln_pw CXn _-s Nne {]ap-Jcpw Cu temIw hnp-t]m-bn.
lmPn-bm-cpsS BZy`mcybpw ac-W-sp. aI lk- am dn-b
sNbvXp. sImSp--q-cn IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw \bn-pp. sImn-bnse
hoSv hnv Xmakw amp-I-bm-bn-cpp. lk- am-dpsS Ba-sf
F\nv ]cn-N-b-apv. \ a. Zo\o-t_m-[-ap--h. Ckz-v-emlo
cwKv kPo-h-ambn {]hn-pp. Dm--bpsS ]mc-cyw Ah
\ne-\npp. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
Fn\o IY Rm Ipdnp? Fs Hm-I-fn-sebpw A\p-`-h-fn-sebpw Hcp {][m\ hnj-b-am-WnXv. sNdpw apXt Rm t\cnv _-s--dn-bp-Ibpw kvt\l-_-lp-am-\--tfmsS CS-]-g-Ip-Ibpw
sNbvX `-\mb- Hcp-]mSv amXrIm- KpW--fp ]WvUn-X-\mWv,
lmPn-bm Fv sImn-m BZ-c-]qw hnfn-p sskZv Ipn
auehn.- At-l-ns \a-kvImcw am{Xw Im aXn B `nbpsS _mly-cq]w Zin-m.- Rm AXv ]e-tmgpw t\mn-bn-cpn-pv. \a-kvIm-c-ns Ne-\-cq-]-fpw AS-hpw IrXy-ambn a\n-em--W-sav B{K-ln-p GsXm-cmpw Hcp InXm_pw
HmtX. Hcp ]pkvX-Ihpw hmbn-t. lmPn-bm-cpsS cp -d-IvAv \a-kvImcw {im-]qw t\mn-bm aXn. AXv Hcp ]T-\-ambn-cpp. CsXmcp DZm-l-cWw am{Xw. At\Iw a\-p-I-fn-tev
Xulo-Zns shfnw ]I-cm\pw A[mn-I-X-bn \on-p-Sn-ncp Hcp-]mSv lrZ-b-sf kwkvI-cn-m\pw A-t-l-n-s hnd-bm L\-Kw-`o-c- i_vZ-n\v Ign-n-pv. A-s\-bp Hcp alm\-h-Iv Hcp k--`-n kw`-hn sshIm-cn-I-amb Xf!
Fs-mw hnj-a-v Imc-W-ambn. C-c-samcp k`w asmcm-fpsS apn hcn-Ibpw lmPn kmln-_n-t\mSv D]-tZiw tXSp-Ibpw
sNbv-Xm AXv th Fp Xs Atlw ]d-bp-am-bn-cpp Fv
Rm hniz-kn-pp. ]s, kz-ambn Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-p--Xn
hogvN. BVy-Xz-n-sbpw k-n-sbpw ]oT-n-en-cn-p Cu
_-n-tev Ib-dn-s-p--Xn\v apv cp-hw Btem-Nn-t-Xm-bn-cpp. In-ta-a kap-Zm-b-nse {]apJ hn`mKw Hcp-]mSv \bp--h-cmWv. kaqlw AXns KpWw Bkz-Zn-p-Ibpw A\p-`-hn-pIbpw sNp-pv. ]s, hK-]c
- a
- mb BVy-Xzhpw `{Z-Xbpw KpWtZm-j- hnth-Nn-msX \ne-\nm sh sImp--h-

364

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cmWv. CXv Ghpw \mbn Adn-bp--bm-fm-bn-cpp lmPn-bm. Ink-aqlw At-ls AXy-[nIw BZ-cn-n-cpp. At-l-ns
hmbn \nv hcp hmp-Isf app-a-Wn-t]mse kzoI-cn-n-cpp.
I\ `oj-Wn-Ipw FXnp-Ipw \Sp-hn \np-sImv
Xulo-Zn\v thn t]mcm-Sp-tmgpw IpSpw-_-fpw kmaq-lnI _fpw apdn-p-I-f-bm Ckvemw \nt-in-p-n. \ne-\nm
t{]cn-n-p-I-bmWv sNp-Xv. Hcn- dkq ]dp: ""Zo Fm Iqdp ]men--em-Ipp'' A\p-N-c-m tNmZnp. ""Am-lp-hn-s
ZqXtc, Btcm-SmWv Iqdp ]men-t-Xv? Atm \_n hni-Zo-Icnp. ""Am-lp-hn-t\mSv, Ahs {K-tmSv, Ahs ZqX-tcmSv,
apkvenw `c-Wm-[n-]-tcmSv, apkvenw _lp-P-\--tfmSv.'' \n_--am Hcp hnjbw apkvenw kaq-l-ns s]mXpXm]cyw ap\nn th-sv shp-tm AXv Iqdp ]men--en s]Spp.
{]tXy-Inv Xs AXy-[nIw kvt\ln-p _p-an-{Xm-Zn-Iv
thn-bm-Ip-tm. lmPn kmln-_ns cmw hnhmlw Hcp sXmbn-cp-n. Hgn-hm-m-am-bn-cp Hcp sshIm-cnI Nn-bm-bn-cpp.
Fm adp `mKv \S-Xv AXy-[nIw {Ipc-X-bm-bn-cp-p. a\x]q-w At-ls imco-cn-I-ambpw am\-kn-I-ambpw ]oUn-np. AXp
Ipw Adnpw ]ecpw cknp. ]ecpw au\w ]menp. ""t{Zmln-s-Sp--hs {]mY-\sb \n kqn-p-sIm-pI, ImcWw
Abm-fp-tSbpw Am-lp-hn-sbpw CS-bn ad-bn'' Fv {]hm-NI
-
{]kvXm-hn-n-pv. Cu XXzw BZyw Ah-K-Wn--sp. a\-n-te
lmPn-bm-cpsS apdnhv Bg-ap--Xm-bn-cpp. AXns \o AyLw hsc At-ls ]np-Sp. CXv shdpw Dul-a. A\p-`-hn \npw t_m[y-s--XmWv. {]hm-N-I `b-s-Sp-nb I]-\bpsS {]Xym-LmXw Cu Zpbm-hn Xs {]I-S-ambn. Rm\Xv hniZo-I-cn-p-n. Adn-bp--h-X-dnbmw. AXv aXn. F\npw \npw AXv ]mT-am-bn-cn-s. Amlp _lp-am-\y-\mb Fs lmPn
kmln-_n\pw _-s as-m-hpw HuZm-cy-]qw s]mdp-psIm-Sp-s.
sskZvIpn lmPn-bp-am-bp Fs hyn-_--n Nne
a[p-cn-p Hm-I-fpv. Rm sNdp--Im-ev sImn-bn-se-ptm ]pXnb ]n-bn-emWv \a-kvImcw. lmPn kmln-_ns\ ImWpw. ]eXpw R N sNpw. sI.Fw. auehn, Iqmbn A_v-

365

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Zp lmPn XpS-n-b-h-tcm-Sp At-l-ns kvt\lm-Z-c-

Rm t\cn--\p-`-hn-n-pv. kn.F. AlvaZv aue-hn-tbmSv BZy-Ime-p-m-bn-cp aXnpw ]nm-e-p-m-bn-cp ITn-\-amb F-Xn-pw Rm a\-n-emn. Fmw Zo\o _n-X-am-bn-cpp. D-tbm-SSp ka-b-mWv R Xn ImWp--sX-n Xs ] s_ns Ioi-bn \npw F-W-bpsS Hcp Xpv FSpv Fs t\sc
\opw (Cs A]Xv ss]k). \a-kvImcw Ignp DuWp-I-gnnp hcm ]dbpw. Av FW sImSp-m DuWp Inpw. Ipd-pImew Ignp AXv Hcp cq]-bmbn. cp cq] hsc Rm At-ln \npw Cs\ kzoI-cn-n-pv. In AXym-hiyw ss]kbp--tmgpw Rm AXv kzoI-cnpw. B kvt\l-a-kr-W-amb shp\o- Xnc-kvI-cn-m F\nv tXmp-I-bn. lmPn-bm-cpsS s]cpamw A{Xbvpw lrZ-b-]q-am-bn-cpp. Hcn- Rm At-ltmSv ]dp: ""Cu ]n-bn Hcp Xn-ap-{In-bpsS (ipNo-I-c-Whpw shw \nd-epw) tPmen Inp-sa-n Rm ChnsS IqSp-am-bncpp.'' Atlw ]pn-cnp.
aqv ]Xn-m-p-I Ignp. Rm \nc-cw bm{X sNbvXp.
kztZ-ipw hntZ-ipw Htsd _- Dmbn. [mcmfw _ AI-p-t]mbn. NneXv apdn-p-t]mbn. ap-Nn-eXv i-ambn.
A\p-`-h--fpsS henb `mWvUw Fs Hm-I-fn hp-IqSn. Rm kk-_o ]{Xm-[n-]-cmbn. Atm-gmWv sImn ]pXnb]nbn sskZp-Ipn lmPn-bpsS BIvSnv JXz-o-_mbn Ww e`np-Xv. hn`-h-k-ar--amb Ncn{Xw Dd-p-Ibpw DWn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNp B akvPn-Zns al-Xz-]q-amb an Fs amSn-hn-fnpp. AZr-iy-amb Hcm--_--m Amlp hnf-n-tXns {]Xn-^-e-\-amWv B hnfn Fv a\v a{np. BZi kw_-amb B\p-Im-enI kw`-h-fpw Fs kzm[o-\np. As\
HmSn-sbn Rm B Npa-X-e-tbp. dn\v k-kvXp-Xnbpw!kw`h _lp-amWv Cu Imew. BZi-ns ]S-tbmw!- kk_o-ens {]Nm-c-Whpw hfbpw,- BZi-_---fpsS B[nIyw,
klm-bn-I-fpsS Iqw, i{Xp-k-m-l-ns B{I-aWw, sImSp-q apX sImn-bn-eqsS sXtm-p Pn-I-fn Xulo-Zns
i_vZw Fn-m Ign A\p-Iqe kml-Ncyw, t^mpsImn
kk-_o akvPnZv, Be-pg sk{I--dn-tb-n\p apn-ep ke-

366

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

^n akvPnZv Fo al-mb Xulo-Zns i_vZw apg-p an-dpI! Cs\ Fs-smw A\p-`-h-!- a[pcw, ktmjw,
BmZw, thZ-\-I, shdp-p-I Fsmw hnIm-c-! hnh-cn-m Hmtcm-n\pw Hmtcm {K- thWw. AX-km-[y-am-Wtm. hn{ia-c-ln-X-amb Ap hj-!- AkwJyw A\p-`-h-! A]qw
NneXv am{Xw ]dbmw.
BIvSnv JXz-o-_mbn Nms-Sp Znhkw, aKvcn_v \a-kvImcm-\-cw ]nv apn Hcp Iq-ap-mbn. Pam-As Ckvem-anbnse Nne kPoh {]h-I-tcmSv Btcm tNmZnp. ""\n Fp
apXmWv Zm-ens\ Cam-ambn kzoI-cn-Xv?''- Rm apt ]d iuen-bpsS teJ-\s Bkv]-Z-am-n-bm-bn-cpp tNmZyw.
iu-en R-fpsS Bf Fv ]dv ssIsm-gn-bm {ian-tm Ah-cpsS ]mn sa-dm-bn-cp Hcp ip a\p-jy-\mWv {]XnI-cn-Xv. Ifhv ]d-b-cpXv, Abm \psS B Xs-bmWv. Abm sNbvXXv tXmym-k-amWv. sXns\ \ymbo-I-cn-p-Xv ssiXzms kz`m-h-amWv. XpSv kwkm-chpw Iq-hp-ambn. B \ a\p-jy
hkqcn tcmKw aqew ac-W-sp. Amlp At-l-n-\v kuJyw
\Is. Un.F._nm-c bqk^v Bbn-cpp- (Uv-em-_ t_mUv) B kplrv. ]nt Znhkw fpl \a-kvImc tij-amWv Rm
F.F. lao-Zp-ambn ]cn-N-s-Sp-Xv. lao-Zns ]nXmhv tUmIvS auem\m A_vZp JmZn kmln-_n-s\-p-dnv CkvlmJv aue-hn-bn
\nv Rm [mcmfw tIn-pv. aPoZp acn-m kmln-_p-ambn kn.F. {]iv\w kwkm-cn-m h-tm Hcn- I Hm-bpv.
Xte-m \S kw`-h-nse tNmZy-Imhv laoZv Bbn-cp-pshpw lao-Zns Iqmfn Ipmen {kmv Bbn-cp-p-shpw a\n-emn. lao-Zp-am-bp _w As\ XpS-p-I-bm-Wv. Hcp PamAv A\p-`m-hnbpw apkvenweoKv {]h-I-\p-am-bn-cp-p laoZv.
apPm-lnZv {]m-\hpw Pam-As Ckvem-anbpw Xn henb
s]mcp--t-Sn-s [mc-W-bmWv lao-Zn-\p-m-bn-cp-Xv. IqSp-X
hn]p-e-amb taJ-e-ItXSn Ckvem-anI {]h\w \S-p Hcp
]mn-sb \ne-bn Pam-A-ns\ Atlw kvt\ln-p. am{X-a,
sImn ]\-b-n `mK-p aZvd-k-p apPm-ln-Zo,- Hmdnb-
sslkvIq,- akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo, apPm-ln-Zo {Sv, AXns
Iogn-ep Hmdn-b {]ntgvkv, sImn t_mIvkv I\n XpS-nb

367

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m]-\-fpw Fm-n-tbpw km-nI kwc--I-\mb P. kmte

apl-Zv tkphpw Iqm-fn-I-fp-ambn sI.F.Fw. m]\hXvI-cn-s-Sp-Ibpw {]t_m-[\ cwKw ]s ao-`-hn-p-I-bpw sNbvX Ime-ambn-cpp AXv. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bm-Is, aq-pw \mepw Znh-k \op-\np Iymp-I-fpw ap {]`m-j-W-fpw Uo-mp-I-fp-ambn kmam\yw kPo-h-ambn kmaq-lnI cwK-p-vXm\p-w.
aX-{]-h-\--fn Xm]-cyhpw B`n-ap-Jy-hp-ap-h- kzm`m-hn-Iambn Ah-tcmSv A\p-`mhw ]pep-atm. BZ-i-]-c-amb hn`n-X
Bfp-Iv shfn-hm-bn-n--Xm\pw. 6970 Ime-v {]K--\mb Fs
kplrv sI.kn. A_q-_- auehn sIm-n-bn \S-nb Hcp
{]`m-jW ]c--c-bn Pam-A-ns\ ITn-\-ambn hnain-p-Ibpw
XpSv Ah-cpsS bph t\Xmhv Fw.hn. apl-Zv keow aue-hn-sbsmv adp-]Sn {]kwKw \S-n-p-Ibpw ho-pw sI.kn. {]kw-Knp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp kw`-h-ap-m-bn-pv. ]-s, AsXmw Hcp
eoKv Pam-Av kwhm-Z-ambn am{Xta ]cn-K-Wn--s-pq. sI.kn.
\nd-p-\n eoKv t\Xmhpw {]`m-j-I-\p-am-b-Xn-\m eoKn-s\-Xn-cn
hmIvi-c- FbvXv ]pI-a-d-bn-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp Pam-Av X{w.
Gsd-psd Ah AXn hnP-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xns DZm-l-c-Wam-bn-cpp laoZv. R ]cn-N-b-s-Sp--Xn\p apv Xs kk_o ss{Xam-kn-I-bpsS \mep e-fpw laoZv ]qn-bmbn
hmbn-p-Ibpw ]Tn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. BZ-i-]-c-ambn Kpcp-X-camb AI-bp-sv GXmv a\-n-embn. Fm F-sZm Fv Bt-]n iu--en-bpsS teJ-\w lao-Zn\v hfsc hnj-a-ap-mn. Hcp ]WvUn-X-t\mSv A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-sn Xs Cu hn[w No ]d-Xv [nm-chpw kwkvIm-c-iq-\yX-bp-am-sW hnizm-k-am-bn-cpp Cu hnj-a-n\p ImcWw. CXn
\nmWv Rm Npa-X-e-tb Znhkw ta ]d tNmZyw DbXv.
laoZv Fs \nXy ki-I-\mbn. ]n-bpsS sXm-Sp-mWv
hoSv. kwi-b-fpw N-I-fp-ambn aWn-q-dp-I Xs Ftm-sSmv sNe-h-gnpw. hfsc kqva-ambn Imcy- ]Tnpw. R-fpsS _w A\p-Zn\w hfp. laoZv Fs klm-bn-bmbn. kl-Imcn-bmbn. shdpw klm-bn-b,- kmaq-ln-I-ti-jn-bp klmbn. t]\sImpw \mhp-sImpw F\nv Xmmbn. F\n-s-Xn-cn hpsIm-n-cp Fm FXnp-I-sfbpw {]Xn-tcm-[n-m Iqp-Im-tcm-

368

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sSmv apn \np kl-Imcn. kk-_o-ens \S-n-n

Hcp kl]{Xm-[n-]-cpsS kmn[yw lao-Zn \npw F\nv e`np.
]noSv sImn-bn kk-_o {]v m]n--tm AXns
apgp-h kwhn-[m-\--fnepw {][m-\n-bmbn. kk-_o {]v kzw sIn-S-n t^mp sImn Ih-n-bn DZvLm-S\w sNs Znhkw apX AXv Xncqm-tv amp--Xp-hsc {]ns amt\-P-dmbpw Npa-Xe \n-lnp. Fs \n_--{]-Imcw Fd-WmIpfw If-Iv-td-n \npw AXns DS-a-m-c-s\ \ne-bn Untd-j Hn-Xpw bq\n-b _mn {]n\v thn Auv XpSn-bXpw- laoZv Xs-bm-bn-cpp. R-fpsS _w tIhew kplrZv
_-am-bn-cp-n. Hcp-]s, IpSpw-__--t-m kpZr-V-ambn
AXv hfp \ne-\np Fp ]dbmw. CS-ap-dn-bm aqv ]Xn-m-pI! 82 apX Ap hj-mew laoZv kpDu-Zn-bnse Zam-an
tPmen Bh-iymw Pohnp. Am-epw teJ-\- Fgp-Xnbpw
apw laoZv _w apdn-bmsX kqnp. eohn\p hm Xncn-pt]m-Ipw-hsc R ]g-b-Xp-t]mse Xs. ]ecpw ]e-\n-epw
lao-Zn-ep Fs kvt\l-tbpw hnizm-k-tbpw De-m {iann-pv. AIpw ]pd-p-ap th-s--h! Imcy- I-dnv
Fn \nv Hcp AIew kqn-m laoZv {in-p-sh-nepw
Rm Iqm-n-bn. Fp-sImtm F\nv lao-Zns\ shdp-mt\m
AI-mt\m Ign-n. IqSp-X ASp-n-p-hm-\mWv t{]c-W-bp-mbXv. hyn-]-c-ambpw IpSpw-_-]-c-ambpw BZi-cw-Kpw F\nv
Bizm-khpw ktm-j-h\pw \Ip Dakplr-m-bn-o-p
laoZv. Ipdp Znhkw ImWm-Xn-cp-m F\nv Hcp Ftm BWv.
Rm Is-gpXpw. t^m sNpw. Nne-tm sImn-bn-te-v bm{XbmIpw. Fs `mcybvpw apw IpSpw-_-mp-sa-mw RfpsS kpZr-V-amb kvt\l-_--s-p-dnv Adnbmw. ]ecpw FtmSv t\cnp ]d-bm _lp-am\w sImtm,- `bw sIm-tm ]e-Xcw
Bi \nan-tam aSn ImWn-p {]iv\--fp-m-Ip-tm hnjbw Fs apn-se-n-m\pw A\p-`m-h-]q-amb Xocp-am\w kmZn-m\pw lao-Zn-s\-bmWv CS-\n-e-m-c-\m-pI. laoZv X{-]qw
Fs hogvm- {ianpw F-Xn-t\-m icn Rm AXn ]etmgpw hogpw Fp--Xm-bn-cpp. laoZv Fs Hcp ]nXm-hn-s\tm-setbm, Kpcp-\m-Y-s\-tm-setbm, kl-{]-h-I-s\-tm-se-

369

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tbm, Iqp-Im-c-s\-tm-setbm F-s\-bmWv kvt\ln-n-cp-Xv Fs-\nv \n-b-an. Hmtcm L-n Hmtcm \ne-m-Wv A\p-`-hs-n-p-Xv. Cu _w Zpbm-hn R-fn-sem-cm acn-p-tmtg Ah-km-\nq. ]s, AXv BJn-d-nepw XpS-c-W-sav Rm
AXn-bmbn tamln-pp. Xo-bmbpw laoZpw As\ Bin-pp-mIpw. R-fpsS B{Klw Amlp \nkzmhpw \njvI-f-hp-am-s. Fs Hm-Ifpw A\p-`-h-fpw t{ImUo-I-cn-m\pw
Fgp-Xm\pw lao-Zn-s\-m A\p-tbm-Py-\mb Hcmsf Rm Isn-bn. AXp-sImv Xs lao-Zns Aku-I-cyhpw kuI-cyhpw
Cu IrXy-\n-l-W-n Hcp LS-I-am-bn-op.
lao-Zn-s\-p-dnv Fs a\-n-eq-dnb \ Imcy--fm-Wn-Xp-hsc
]d-Xv. Fm F\n-t-hpw Aajhpw shdp-p-ap Imcy-hpapv. AXv Abm-fpsS ]pI-h-en-bmWv. AsXmv \nn-n-m ]te hgn-Ifpw Rm {]tbm-Knp. D]-tZiw, imk\, kk-_o-en-eqsS
teJ\ Ipdn-p-I, hmp-I-fnepw s]cp-am--nepw shdpv tcJ-sSp-. ]s, Abm-f-Xn \npw ]nm-dn-bn. FXn-scmpw ]dbp-I-bn-sp am{Xw. Rm IqSp-X Kuchw ImWn-m XpS-n-btm Rm ImsI ]pI-h-en-bn-sv am{Xw. Fgp-Xm t]\ Inse-Sp-m at In _oUntbm knK-ctm ]pI-bm XpSpw.
Fgp-X-W-sa-n AXn-msX Hp-I-bn-s-mWv Fm-h-tcmSpw ]dbp-Xv. almA]-ISw ]nSn Zpoew! aZy-]m-\-t-m-fp-tasd hnpam-dm Hcp--an-msX a\p-jys\ Npn--S-cp Zpoew! laoZv AXn-
\nv- Hsm-gn-hm-bn-cp-p-sh-n...?
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

45
Jp\qv
Rm ]pXnb]n-bn Cam-ambn Npa-X-e-tb BZys kp_vln apX AhnsS \ne-\n-n-cp Jp\qv Hgn-hmn. A]-Xp-I-fpsS HSp-hn CkvlmJv auehn sNbvX Imcyw Xs. Asmcp {]iv\hpw Dm-bn. JXz-o_v- sskZp-Ipn lmPntbm ]n `mc-hm-lnItfm ]n-bn hp IqSp alv \nhm-kn-Itfm AsXmcp Xhn-j-b-ambn FSp-n. XnIpw \ni-_vZ-ambn cp-hjw B \ne

370

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

XpSp. tijw sskZvIpnlm-P-n Xm-\v Xncn-p-h-tm Atlw ]g-b-t]mse kp_vln-bpsS Jp\qv ]p\x-m-]n-p.
Atmgpw \ni_vZw Xs. ]s, Fs Imcy-n AX DmbXv. ]n--Ipw ]pdpw hn _lfw! Fm hJv-n-\pw
\a-kvImc tijw i_vZ-a-en-\o-I-cWw Xs. Fm-Wn-Xn\p Im-cWw? \mp-Im H-Sw tNmZn-p-Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv. ""\psS
lmPn-bm F{Xtbm Ime-ambn CXv sNpp. sNdpw apX Xs
\ ImWm XpS-n-b-XmWv. CXv ]mSn-m Hcp Imcy-am-sW-n Atlw CXv sNptam? Cbm \mn Ipg--ap-m-m Hcpn-bn-d-n-b-XmWv. Cbmsf ChnsS ]p-I-bn''.- ]nbpw ]cn-k-chpw kZm _l-fa-- mWv. FtmSv Bcpw Hpw tNmZn-p-n--Xm\pw.
kw`-h-n\p ]nnse Nc-Sp-hen lao-Zn \nmWv Rm Adn-Xv. Pam-As Ckvem-an-m-cm-bn-cpp CXn\v Duw ]In-cpXv. Atm CkvlmJv auehn Pam-A-vImv Hcn-epw CjvSs-Sm kPoh eoKp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw Pam-Av hncp-\mbn Adn-b-s-n. Ah-cpsS BZi-hy-Xn-N-e-\-s-p-dnv Hcp
hmv t]mepw an-dntem ]pdtm ]d-n-n. ]e henb ]WvUnX-mpw kw`-hn--Xp-t]mse At-l-n-\Xv icnpw Av ]nSnIn-n-bn-cp-n. Rm Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS {]Xy i{Xp-hmWv. Ah-kcw Inp-t-S-smw Rm\Xv shfn-hm-m-dpv. Ah-k-can-m k`--fn GsX-nepw \ne-bn Hc-h-kcw Dm-n-dbpw. kk-_o Bcw-`n-Xp Xs auZq-Zn-ks FXnm-\mWv. Fm e--fnepw AXv Hcp IS-a-bm-bn-Xs \n-ln-pp.
Ctm Ie-l-ap-m-m Ah Nqv ]nSn--Xns Dmv a\nem-btm? \mem-fp-I IqSp-t-Sv ]n--I-m-bmepw ]pd-mbmepw Hcp auZqZn AXn IqSpw. Fnv im-ambn ]dbpw. ""Cbm
FhnsS sNmepw CXp Xs-bmWv nXn. Fs-nepw Ipg--apmpw. As\ Hgn-hm--sSpw. Nne-tm kzbw HmSn-tmIpw.-''
Cs\ AW-p-Xp-S-n-sbv tXmp-t-Sv F Hgn-p-sImv
Ah ]mnsb tkhn-m XpSn. _lfw A\n-b-{n-X-am-Iptam
F i-bmbn. Cbmsf R ]nSnv ]pd-mpw Fp Nne NqSm tdmUn \nv Bt{Im-in-m XpSn. CXn henb Hcp Xamibvp hI-bpv. sXm-p-d-p ]gb]n-bn ]p apXte
kp_v-lnv Jp\qv HmXmsX \a-kvI-cn-p Cam-an\pw Rm
Jp\q-v FSp-m--Xn henb Bt]w!- _l-f-m-tcmsSmw

371

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Abm-fp-apv. B apkvenbm-cpsS \S-]Sn A]q-amb asmcp Xam-ibmWv. Jp\qv Hgn-hm-n-smv apkvenbm kpPq-Zn-tev t]mIpw.
]nn XpS-cp--h-cn A[n-I-t]cpw Jp\qv thW-sa-p--h-cmWp-Xm\pw. AXp-sImv apkvenbm Hcp ]c-kv]c kl-I-c-Wm-Snm-\-n-emWv Imcy- sImp-t]m-Ip-Xv. apkvenbm kpPqZn sNv InSpw. ]nn-ep--h \nv Jp\qv HmXpw. AXv Xov Ah kpPq-Zn Fn ZnIv ]qn-bm-Ip--Xp-hsc apkven-bm-
kpPq-Zn Xs. F{X \ apkvenbm! Fp \ \nkvImcw! Cu
apkvenbm-cp-apv Fs XIm adp-tN-cn-bn. Abm-fpsS kpJtSv, Rm aplvbn-o ssiJn-t\bpw Kpcp-hm-bq-c--t\bpw Hmn ]dp F Btcm-]-W-amWv. AsX-p-dnv hgnsb BImw.
Cs\ \m\m-hn[ Jpdm-^n-Ifpw auZq-Zn-Ifpw Ppap-Av am{Xw \akvI-cn-p BgvN--Xn-p-Imcpw ]n-bp-ambn Hcp _-hp-an-m
Ip-Ip-Sn-b-m hsc ""Blm!!! A-s\tbm? AXn-hnsS \S-p-Ibn''- F i_vZ-hp-ambn Hp-IqSn. ASp hymgmgvN cmhnse
laoZv Ft-b-Spv hv kwK-Xn-I-fpsS KXn hnh-cn-p-Xp. hnj-ata-dnb apJ-`m-h-tmsS ]dp. \msf an-dn-eqsS aue-hn-bpsS
\ymbw hni-Zo-I-cn-Ww. Cs-n ChnsS ]eXpw \Spw. BtemNnv thXv sNmw Fv Rm ]dp.
shn-bmgvN ]Xn-hn-tesd P\-n-cv Ip. sImn-bn-ep PamA-p-Im an-hmdpw AhnsS Fn-bn-pv. Fs Iem-i-smv
ImWm-\p Bth-i-n. Rm Ipsd Nnnp. F\nv ]pXn-b-]n-bn XpSt ]q. ChnsS \np-sImv ]eXpw sNbvXp-Xom-\pv. ]s, Fs \ne-]m-Sn \nv Hcnv ]ntmv amdm
Ign-bn. ImcWw Rm icn-bpsS `mK-mWv \np--sXv F\nv \m-b-dnbmw. Fm {]p-_v[-amb Cu A-cow XWp-nt ]q. Fp-thWw? Hpw Xncn-bp-n. Rm dn-t\mSv {]mnp. As\ a\-n hnjbw Ah-X-cn-n-m-\p Hcp cq]w
sXfn-p-hp. cm-as JpXv_-bn Rm\n-{]-Imcw hni-Zo-I-cnp. ""Rm Jp\qv Hgn-hm-n-b-Xn Cu ]n-bn ]s-Sp-p-hcpw Am--hp-amb Bfp-In-S-bn henb {]Xn-tj-[hpw Aajhpw D-Xmbn a\-n-em-m Ignp. IqSp-X Cu hnjbw
ssIImcyw sNp-Xv Cu ]n-bn _-s-Sm--h-cm-sWpw
Rm a\-n-emn. AXns {]Xy DZm-l-c-W-amWv Jp\qv FSp-

372

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m ]gb ]n-bnse Camw F\n-s-Xn-cn in-bmbn cwK-ph-Xv. Fm-bmepw Rm Fp-sImv CXv sNp-n? AXn-\p Fs \ymbw Fv? AXv Fs t{imXm-fpw aAvaqap-Ifpw Adnn-cn-t--Xpv. \-fn \n_--am--s Ap-t\-cs
\a-kvImcw Amlp Pn_vco s\ Ab-p-sIm-mWv apl-Zv
\_nv ]Tn-n-Xv. cp Znh-k-amWv Cu ]cn-io-e\w \S-Xv.
Hmw Znhkw Hmtcm hJvn-sbpw Bcw` ka-bpw cm-as
Znhkw hJvns Ay-L--nepw Pn_vco \_nv Cam-ambn \np. \_n Pn_vco-ens\ XpSp \-a-kv-I-cn-p-. tijw Adnbnp. ""Cu cp A-hp-amWv Hmtcm \a-kvIm-c-n-sbpw kabw''-.
{]hm-N-I, Pn_vco X\nv ]Tn-n \a-kvImcw A\p-N-c-msc
]Tn-np. Fnv C{]Imcw I]np:- ""kz-q Iam-d-A-bvXp-ap\oDko'' (Rm F{]-Imcw \a-kvI-cn-p--Xmbn \n Ipthm
A{]-Imcw \nfpw \a-kvI-cn-pI).- ap-l--Zv- \-_n-- \n-hln-pI-bpw- Xs A\p-N-c-\-amv amXrI Imn-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX
\a-kvIm-c-n kp_-ln-bpsS cmw dIv-A-n ""Am-lp-lvZn\o'' Fp XpS-p Hcp Jp\q-ns I-w C. Dsv
h-hcpw tcJ-sImv hcp ]w \msf apX AXv \n-ln-phm\pw Cse hsc \n-ln-m-Xn-cp--Xn\v ]c-ky-ambn amv ]dbp- h m\pw Rm Hcp- - a mWv . asmcp Juepw Joe- b pw Bcpw
FtmSv ]d-b-cpXv. ImcWw Pn_vco Hcn- t]mepw im^nCu
Cam-ans ASp- hn-n-sv F\nv Dd-mWv. \n-pw Ddm-bn-cnpw. hn-p--sXmw apl-Zv \_nbpsS ASp-e
- m-bn-cpp. XpSp {]m-\t- bmsS JpXv_ Ah-km-\n-np. \a-kvImcw
Ignp, Bfp-I im-ambn ]ncn-p-t]mbn. ]no-sSm-cn-epw
Bcpw FtmSv CXv kw_--ambn kwkm-cn-n. Fs Ap-X-sSp-nb Hcp Imcyw-IqSn ]d-bs. ]gb]n-bn Jp\q-v FSp-msX \a-kvI-cn-p apkvenbm Rm Jp\qv- FSp-m--Xn
Fs ITn-\-ambn B-t-]n-pp. CsX-smcp ]pXpa! B tNmZyn\v Innb D-c-an-XmWv. AhnsS Jp\qv Hgn-hm-n-bXv l\^o Cam-ans Ncysb ]np-SmWv. Atm AXv \ Imcyw!
ChnsS Rm AsX-Sp-m-Xn-cn-p-Xv {]hm-NINcy ]n]-n-bmWv.
Atm AXv No Im-cyw! `b-cw. AXn-Kp-cp-Xcw.!- ""AivlZp
A apl--Z dkq-ep-mlv'' F cmw Iena s]mfn-p! \psS kap-Zm-b-ns Zpc-h F{X Zb-\obw! F{X A]-ISw. XXz-

373

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ns ASn-m-\-n hne-bn-cp-p-tm Cu Nnm-KXn Ckvem-an\v AItm? AtXm ]pdtm? Iw F{X \nm-c-am-bmepw

Hgn-hm-n-bmepw FSp-m-epw AXn-t\mSp \psS a\v _-s-Sp \n-mWv {][m\w. ""I- \nv sImmWv ]cn-K-Wn-s-Sp-Xv'' F \_n-h-N\w a\pjyPohn-Xs BsI Nq-gvp
\npp. Hcp sImp-hm-N-I-amWv Cu lZokv. kz-lo-lp- _pJmcn-bn Hmw \ Bbn tNn-p hmIy-am-WnXv. Camw _pJm-cn
At\I hj- Zo-L--fmb bm{X-Ifpw Kth-j-W-fpw lZoYp-I tiJ-cn-p--Xn-\p-thn \Sn. e--W-n\p lZo-Y-p-I ]cn-tim-[nv alm-\-hIv \mem-bn-c-n Nnm\w lZo-Yp-IfmWv Ip-a--Xmbn Is-m Ign-Xv. AXn- Hmw \
Bbn Camw _pJmcn sXc-s-Spv tcJ-s-Sp-n-bXv \n-ns\
kw_-n-p-- Cu sImp hN-\-amWv. AXns XmXzn-I-amb hym]vXnbpw A kw-]p-jvSnbpw hnh-cn-m Hcp _rl-mb {Kw
Xs cNn-t-n-hcpw. ImcWw AXv a\p-jy-s Cl-]c PohnXs Nqgvp \npp.
Jp\qv hnhmZw ]n--Iv Ah-km-\np. ]s, ]pdv
sI-S-n-bn. kpn-Ifpw Pam-A-p-Imcpw tNv Hcp Ahn-ip
apWn cq]wsImp. ipm-m--fmb, sskZvIp-n-lm-Pnsb
BZ-cn-p Nnecpw AXns]p. lmPn-bm teiw kpJw {]m]np-pv. DuvhSn-bpsS klm-b-tmsS At-l-n\v Iptdsi
\Smw. Imapv icnpw aS-p-I-bn. ico-c-ns Aan-X-`m-c-amWv Cu tcmK-ns aqe-tlXp. Ahn-ip ap-Wn-m lmPn-bmsc
\nc-cw iey-s-Spn. ]v Znhkw ]pXn-b-]-n-bpsS apn hAZv \S--W-sa-mWv Bhiyw. Atlw sImn-bpsS ]e `mKmbn Cs\ {]`m-jW ]c-c \S-m-dpv. Jp\q-n-s\-p-dn-v
Xs \ne-]mSv P\-sf Adn-bn--W-sa--XmWv ap-Wn-m-cp-sS
apJy Bhiyw. As\ hn ]cky {]Nm-c-W-n-eqsS hAZv
\n-bn--sp. da-Zm-\mWv Imew. F\nv Ie-i-emb hnj-a-ap-mbn. lmPn kmln_v ]c-ky-ambn F\n-s-Xn-cn Xncn-m Rm
]n-bn \npw ]pd-mIpw. sImn-bnse Xmakw Xs Akm[y-amIpw. kpn-I-fpsS BNm-cy\pw hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ hoc-\p-amb C.sI.
lk- apkvenbmcpw Bbn-c--W-n\v kpn-Ifpw tNv Hcp hmZ{]-Xn-hmZ kZ-ns ad-hn sIm-mSn kvIq lmfn lmPn-bm-

374

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sc XS-hn-em-nb Hcp L-n Hcp tcma-n-\p-t]mepw tISp-h-cmsX B P\-q--ns XS-hn \npw At-ls tamNn-nv knm-_mZv hnfn-I-tfmsS \Sn sImp-h [oc hoc-m-cmWv ]pXnb-]n al-nse As bphm-. \a-kvImcw Dt]-n-p-h Im^n-dmWv Fv lmPn {]kw-Kn--XmWv Cu hmZ-{]-X-n-hm-Z-cw-Kn\v If-sam-cp-n-bXv. \a-kvI-cn-m--h apkven-am-sWv hmZnp-hm-\mWv apkven-bm B\bpw Am-cn-bp-ambn Fn-bXv. ]mhw
lmPn-bm hmZ-{]-X-n-hmZ cwKv Ft-m tami-amWv. bmsXmcp
X{hpw Adn-bm At-l-n-\ptm AXv km[y-am-IpI! kw`-hw
tI-dnv apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ \mb-I-\mb F.
Aehn auehn (FS-h) sImn-bn-sen. sskZvIpn lm-P-n-bpsS ASp- ZqX hp. Aehn auehn At-ls klm-bn-m-
hn-cn-pp F-dn-bnp. ]s, lmPn-bmv henb ]m-fn- ]n.
B klmb hmKvZm\w Atlw kzoI-cn-n. apPm-lnZv {]m-\-hpambn Av X\n-p-m-bn-cp Nne \oc-k-tfm, Xs B-hnizm-ktam Imc-W-sa-Xv Zpcq-l-amWv. Fm-bmepw AXv Hcp ]mfn-X-s-bm-bn-cpp. lk- apkvenbm Xs Fm hn{In-b-Ifpw D]tbm-Knv icnv hnekn. HSp-hn lmPn-bmsc _lp-am-\n-p bph
kaqlw At-ls A]-I-S-n \npw cnp.
]d-p-h--Xn \npw teiw ]nd-tImv t]mbn. AXpw Adn-tbXp Xs. AXn-ep-apv Nne ]mT-. lmPn-bm-cpsS {]kw-K-]-cc Bcw-`np. hcp-t-Sv shv ImWmw F \ne-bn Rm\pw.
hn P\-qw. ImcWw CXmWv. ]pXn-b-]-n-bnse A\n-tj-[y\mb Camw BIvSnwKv JXz-o-_mb Da aue-hn-s-Xn-cn bpw
{]Jym-]n-n-cn-pp. tIm \ ckw. Hmm \ockw. Jp\qv Xs {]Nm-cW am[yaw. Hmw Znhkw lmPn ]dp: Jp\qns\ kw_-nv ]d-b-W-sav Bfp-I FtmSv Bh-iy-s-ncn-pp. AXv thtWm thtbm Fv Xocp-am-\n-p--Xn\v apv
\a-kvImcw \n_--ambpw th-Xm-sWv \apv Xocp-am-\nmw.
BZyw apkven-am-tIt? ]n-bt Jp\q-v. \a-kvIm-c-ns {]m[m-\yhpw al-Xzhpw hnh-cn-p-sImv {]kwKw \on. Hmtcm Znh-khpw Bfp-I Xnn-qSpw. Ctm Jp\qv hcpw F {]Xo-bn. {]kwKw ^mXnlm- kqd-ns hnh-c-W-n-tev ISp.
Amw Znhkw ""Cm--\Av_pZp'' F k-{]-[m-\-amb hN-\-

375

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n-sen. hni-Zo-I-c-W-n-\n-S-bn auZq-Zn-bpsS A\p-k-cWw F

AI]-\sb Atlw AXn-cq--ambn hnainp. AsXmcp
Ap-X-Im-cy-am-bn-cpp. Fs AXy-[nIw B\-n-n-p-Xpw.
As {]kwKw Ign--tXmsS Pam-A-p-Im ]nh-enp.
Bdmw Znhkw kZ-n _pw Itk-cbpw \nc-m Ah hn.
\psS kplr-p- Atm klm-bn-I-fmbn sNp. HXmw
Znhkw lmPn ]dp. \msf Cu ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS Ah-km-\ Znh-kamWv. Cim Amlv Jp\q-n-s\-p-dnv \msf hni-Zo-I-cn-p-XmWv. hm Imp-Xo-t]mse ]cp. ]mw Znhkw Hcp alm
kt-f-\-ns Bqw. Rm\pw sNhn-Iqn-n-cpp. Hcp aWnq-dmWv lmPn-bm-cpsS {]kwK kabw. Ac aWn-q Ign--tm Jp\q-n-tev {]th-inp. kp_-ln-bpsS cmw dIv-A-n
\mn \S-p-h-cp--Xp-t]m-se-bp Hcp Jp\qv Dsv hmZn-p Nne A`n-{]m-b-fpw hmbnp. tijw ]dp. sXfn-hp-sImv
{]_-e-am-bXv BZy-t-XmWv. cm-a-tXv im^nCu aZvl-_nse
A`n-{]m-b--fmWv. im^nCu aZvl-_p-Im-cm-Wtm Cu ]n-bn
A[n-Ihpw ]s-Sp-p-Xv. B \ne-mWv \ CXv \n-ln-pt]m-Xv. Jp\qv FSp-m Cam-ans\ XpS-cp--h ]np-S-hnv
kz-ambn Jp\qv FSp--cpXv. Jp-\q-v- Hm-Xm-Xn-cn-p--Xp-sIm-vAh-cpsS \a-kvIm-c-n\v tZmj-sam-pw- h-cm-\n--. AXn-\m CXns t]cn Bfp-I _lfw shp-Xpw tNcn-Xn-cn-bp-Xpw \. AXn \ns-mw Bfp-I Hgn-p-\nWw. {]kwKw Ahkm-\np. Imsm-gn _eq t]mse {]iv\w Xop. taLm-hr-Xamb BImiw sXfnp. XnIpw imw. F\nv ]pXnb]n-bn-
XpS-cm C-tXmsS cwK-sam-cpn. Rm Am-lp-hns\ Af-hp
kvXpXnp!- F\nv B ]n-bn Ipsd \m XpS-tc-Xv Hgn-p-IqSm Hcm-h-iy-am-bn-cpp.
cp-aqv BgvN-I ]nnp. Hcp Znhkw Rm lao-Zns\ lmPnbm-cpsS ASp--tev Abp. lao-Zns\ sImp-\m apX Xs
At-l-n\v hfsc CjvS-amWv. lao-Zns ]nXmhv lmPn-bpsS \smcp kplrpw KpW-Imw-n-bp-am-bn-cpp. B kvt\l-_w
aI-\n-tepw ]Ip. lao-Zns\ Hcp ZuXy-hp-am-bn-mWv Rm AbXv. Ign-bp-sa-n ASp shn-bmgvN ]n-bn hv JpXz-v_
\S-Ww. At-l-n\v Bi--bp-m-bn-cpp,- X\n--Xn\v km[y-

376

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

am-Iptam Fv. Imap-ns thZ\ Xs ImcWw. Fnepw Fs

A`y\ am\np lmPn-bm hp. {]bmkw kln-p-sImv
JpXz-v_ \Sn. B an At-l-ns Bm-hns `mK-am-bn-cpp. Rm Wn-p-h-cp-n-b-Xn lmPn-bmv ktmjw. lmPnbm-cpsS JpXz-v_ tIm Ign--Xn kZ-n\v BmZw. B
kvt\l-_--n\v De-n-en-msX At-l-ns acWw hsc aptm-p-t]mbn. JpXz-v_ Ignp R Hcp-anv `Ww Ign-ptm Atlw Hcp ]gb h-am\w A\p-kva-cnp. Rm AXv
tIp tImcn--cnp. ]Xn-m-p-I-fpsS ]g--n AXv Fs Hm-bn \npw AI-n-cn-pp. Atlw ]d-bp-I-bmWv. ""\n
]v ChnsS hp-sIm-n-cp Imev Hcp Znhkw FtmSv ]dp,- Cu ]n-bn Hcp Xn-ap-{In-bpsS tPmen- In-n-bn-cp-s-n
Fv. Amlp \n-fpsS B{Klw Ghpw D-a-amb \ne-bn
kzoI-cnp. \n JXz-o_pw Cam-ap-ambn ChnsS Fn-bnt'' Fs Atlw ip]mi sNbvX-Xns Hcp ImcWw Atm ]nSn-Inn.
asmv Ctmgpw Am-X-amWv. BZi_p-fpw BZii{Xpfpw Hcp-t]mse Ie-lmc\pw hnai-I-\p-am-bn-m-Wp Cu
hnIrXn _m[n--hs\ Xs an G]n-p-hm\pw AXv \ne-\np-hm\pw At-ls t{]cn-n Dhnfn Fm-bn-cpp? At-lns Dn-\p-n bYm Xulo-Zns hnfv AW-bmsX
\ne-\n-n-cn-Ww. CXv am{X-amWv Iqn-n-gn-p-tm F\nv Inp Dcw.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

46
CuZvKm-ln\v thn
Rm ]pXn-b-]-n-bn Nms-Sp--tm sImn-bn Hcp
\ma-am-{X-amb CuZvKmlv \S-n-epv. ]\-b-nn Fw.Fw.H. sslkvIq {Kun-emWv AXv \S-m-dp-Xv. Cu {Kuv Fv.C. aplZv _m_p tkp-hns D JZo-Pm-_mbn Zm\w sNbvX-XmWv. _m_p tkns IpSpw-_-s-p-dnv Ipsd-b-[nIw ]d-bm-\pv. A\p{K-lo-X-amb Hcp IpSpw-_-am-WXv. B IpSpw-_-ns Xe-h-\mWv
]pXn-b-]n \nn A_vZp lmPn BZw tkv .

377

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]pXnb]n CuZvKm-ln kl-I-cn-m-dn. AXp-sIm-p-Xs

am-tcn {]tZ-i-p ke-^n-Ifpw A\p-`m-hn-Ifpw CuZvKm-lntev t]mIm-dp-an. sskZvIpn lmPn kl-I-cn-m--XmWv ImcWw. AXn-\m s]cp-m \a-kvImcw ]pXn-b-]-n-bn Xs
\S-pp. CuZvKmlv sImn-bn Hcp kw`-h-am-bXn-\-pw ]noSv
AXv {in--s-Sm ipjvIm-h--bn-tev t]mbXn-\-pw Imc-Wm-c sskZvIpn lmPn Xs-bm-bn-cpp. GXmv A]-Xp-Ifp-sS XpS--n-em-sWv tXmp-p. sImn-bnse apgp-h kpn
]n-Ifpw apPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw Pam-A-p-Imcpw kl-I-cn AXn-Kw-`o-camb CZvKmlv {]hn-im-e-amb sImn tImtfPv {Kun \Sp.
Av tImtf-Pp-m-bn-n. Iph-mSw ssaXm-\w FmWv ]d-bp-Xv. Cpw B t] \ne-\np-pv.
Cs\ Hcp kqW- sFIy-th-Znv thn sshm-\nI
taJ-e-bn \np-ap-mb ]npW {][m-\-ambpw sskZvIpn
lmPn-bn \nm-bn-cpp. CuZvKm-lns {]m[m-\yhpw \_n-N-cy-bpsS kmaq-ln-I-amb {]tbm-K-h-XvI-c-Whpw AXn-eqsS e`n-p
]pWyhpw hnh-cn-p-sIm-p \nc--c-amb lmPn-bm-cpsS t_m[-hXvI-cWw kmam-\y-P-\--fn kzm[o\w tXSn. sImn-bnse kpnI X-fpsS Bo-bm-Nm-cy-\mbn KWn-n-cp al-f-d-]n Camw
apl-Zv apkvenbm Cu hnj-b-n Hcp au\m-\p-hmZw \In-bXpw t{]mm-l-\m-P\-I-ambn. Cu kml-N-cy-n sImn-bnse
kmaq-lnI cmjv{Sob t{SUv-bq-Wn-b cwKv kPoh t\Xmhpw
P\-k--X-\p-am-bn-cp alqw sI.Fv. kpsse-am am-kv-- (ap.
Fw.F.-F.)- CuZvKm-lns kq hnP-b-n\v thn cwKv
hp. am-dpsS tPyjvT sI.Fv.- ap apX-h-n-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cpp. CuZv-Km-lns km-nI _m[y-X-I kmse apl-Zv tkv
Gs-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX-tXmsS Imcy- ]qn-bmbn. ]ivNna
sImn-bnse apgp-h ]n-Ifpw AS-n-p-sImv \m\m-h-gn-bn-eqsS
Bbn-c- XIv_o [z-\n-I-fp-ambn hnim-e-amb Iph-mSw ssaX\m-bn k-am-nb CuZp-Km-ln-tev Hgp-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp. Im\--I-chpw lrZ-blm-cn-bp-hp-amb Hcp ImgvN-bm-bn-cpp AXv.- F-vA\p-`-hn--h-cn- \nv Rm\-dnp. As Ncn{X {]m[m-\y-tadnb B CuZvKm-ln- \a-kvIm-c-n\v t\Xr-Xz-w sImSp-Xpw JpXz-v_ \S-n-bXpw Fs kplrpw {]ikvX ]WvUnX {]`m-j-I-\pamb kn.]n. A_q-_- aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. Cu kwcw-`-ns kw-

378

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Lm-SI t\XrXzw sImn-bnse apPm-ln-Zp-Im-bn-cpp. AXn\pw

Hcp A\p-Iqe LS-Ia
- p-m-bn-cpp. apkvenw kmaq-ln-I-cw-Kv imk\m-[n-Im-c-ap Hcp t\Xm-hm-bn-cpp kpsse-am am. Atlw
Am-ev Hcp ke^n A\p-`m-hn-bm-bn-cpp. ]ptcm-K-a\ Nnbpw
koXn-km-ln-_p-am-bp kPoh khpw Ncn-{X-Im-c-\mb ]n.F.
sskZp apl-Zv, aPoZv acn-m XpS-nb {]ap-J am-dpsS henb
kplr-p-fpw kl-{]-h-Ic
- p-am-bn-cp-X
- p-samw Cu \ne-]m-Sn\v
Imc-W-am-bn-cnm-w. sImn-bnse BZys ke^n m]\w ]\-b-n-bnse aZvd-k-p apPm-ln-Zo BIpp. Hcp kvIqfm-bn-cpp
{]mcw-`-n- eyw. AXn-s\-p-dn-p {]Ya Btem-N\m tbmKw
sskZvIpn lmPn-bpsS Ay--X-bn-emWv \S-Xv. Av- lmPnbm-cp-sS i-amb A`n-{]mbw Hcp aZvd-k-bmWv BZyw thXv
Fm-bn-cpp. AXv AwKo-I-cn--sp. As\ aZvd-k-p apPmln-Zo Dmbn. Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm-\-bpsS DS-a-m-h-Im-i-nep `qan-bn-emWv Ctm-gs aZ-vdk sInSw \np-Xv. bXowJm-\b
- psS k-kz-hp-am-bn-cp sI.Fw. auehn, Fw.sI. lmPn Fo
alZvhy-n-I-fpsS kqW- ]np-W-bmWv CXn\v Imc-W-am-bXv.
Cu aZvdkm sIn-S-ns inem-m-]\w sI.Fv. kpsse-am
am-dmWv \S-n-b-sX Imcyw Cs Hp-ap-m apPm-ln-ZpIp-t]mepw Am-X-amWv. ke^o- {]m-\-hp-ambn ampm-bn-cp B`n-apJyw CXn \npw Duln-m-atm.
CuZvKm-lns sFIy-cq]w BZy-tXpw Ah-km-\-t-Xp-am-bncpp. apPm-ln-Zp-Iv e`n kwLm-SI t\XrXzw Zpcq-l-amb kpNnX kz`m-h-n-em-W-h ssIImcyw sNbvXXv. Hcp sFIy k-q-amb CuZvKm-ln-\p-thn \nc-cw t_m[-h-XvI-cWw \S-n-b
P\-{]nb ]WvUn-X-\mb sskZp-Ipn lmPnsb apPm-ln-Zp-I AhK-Wnp. \a-kvIm-c-ns t\Xr-Xztam JpXv_tbm GsX-n-ep-samv At-l-n\v \tI--Xm-bn-cpp. Xs a\x-]qw Xg-Xm-sW tXm At-l-n IpSn-bn-cpp. AXpw ]mSn-m-XmWv. ]s, ]nim-Nns sIWn-bm-Wn-sXv a\-n-em-m CcpIq-pw Ign-n. kt-f-\-v ssaX-m-\v ] hncn-pXv In-nt. AXp-t]mse ]-en-mWv Iph-m-Sv CuZv-Kmlv
\S-n-bXv. Xpd ssaXm-\n-bn s]cp-m \a-kvImcw \S-pXv kp-mWv. ]s, ]-env \S-p-Xv kp-n-s\-Xn-cmWv.
AXn CuZvKm-lns ]pWy-an. AXn-t\-m t`Zw Fm kuI-

379

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cy--fp-ap ]n-bmWv. CuZn\v tijw shn-bmgvN ]pXnb]n

an-dn \npw lmPn-bm {]Jym-]np. apkven-bm- t\c-s {]Jym-]np. apkvenbm-v t\cs X-s- CXn Xm]-cy-an-mbn-cpp. CuZv \a-kvIm-cm-\-cw ]n-I-fn JXz-o-_n-\p-thn Hcp
kwJy In hcpw. AXv \jvS-s-Sp-Xv Ahn-jvS-am-Ip-I-bn-tm. ]s, i-amb Hcp kmaq-lnI t\Xr-Xz-ns k-n\v Ah a\-n-m-bva-tbmsS hg-n-b-Xm-bn-cpp. ke^o `mK-p\npw CuZp-Km-ln-\p-thn in-bmbn Bhiyw apg-n-b-tm
apkven-bm- k-l-I-cn-p F-p- am-{Xw.- As\ t\cs ]d
kvIq {Kun-tev CuZvKmlv Npcpn. ]pXnb]n AXn klI-cn-n. AXn\pw sskZvIpn-lm-Pnv \ymb-ap-m-bn-cpp. Np-pw
aXn sIn ad-Xpw apnepw ]miz--fnepw sInS kap--b-m-
ad-n-cn-p--Xp-amb {Kuv CuZvKm-ln\v A\p-tbm-Py-a. AXv
Xpd ssaXm-\n-bpsS hcp-Xn-bn hcp-n F-tlw hmZn-p.XnIpw kmt-Xn-I-amb Hcp Zp\ym-b-am-bn-cpp AXv.- ]s
lmPn-bpsS i_vZ-n\v kzm[o-\-ap-m-bn-cpp. AXp-sImv ]pXn-b
]nbpw AhnsS kt-fn-p ke^o B`n-ap-Jy-ap P\m-h-enbpw kvIq {Kunse CuZvKm-ln \nv hnp-\np.
Cu kml-N-cy-n-emWv F\nv Cu hnj-bs A`n-ap-Jo-I-cntn hXv. Jp\qv Bfn--n Xo AW-n-t-bpq. lmPn-bm tcmKm-h--bn-em-sW-nepw hon Dv. F-s\-bm-bn-cnpw Atlw {]Xn-I-cn-pI. cp ]Xn-m-p-I hmin-tbmsS Atlw XSp-p-\nnb Hcp aXn-emWv Rm XIm _m[y-\m-bn-cn-p-Xv. ]n apX-h-n-tbmSpw th-s--h-tcmSpw Rm
kw-km-cnp. Ahv hntcm-[-an. kmte apl-Zv tkp-hns i-amb ]npW F\nv Inpw. lmPn-bm-tcmSv Rm\o {]iv\w Btem-Nn-n. hnk-Xw Inn-bm Fmw XIcpw. CuZv-Km-lns {]kn-sb-p-dnv Rm JpXz-v_-bn hnh-cnp. Hcp kpv ]p\-Pohn-n-p--Xn \mw hln-t ]n-s\-p-dnpw Dt_m-[n-np.
XpSv s]cp-m \a-kvImcw ]n-bn Dm-Ip-I-bn-s-pw
\apv Hmbn XIv_o apgn CuZvKm-ln-tev t]mI-W-sa-pw
A`ynp. Fm Nne A\njvS kw`-h--fp-mbn. s]cp-mfns GXm\pw Znhkw ap-v, Rm ]n-bpsS sXm-Sp-p- _m_ tjmn t]mbn,- ap-Sn- sh-m-.- _m_ Xs tPmen \n-lnp-tm ]pdv Hcp aZy-]m-\n-bpsS kwkmcw XpSn. ""]n ]qn-

380

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn-Sm R k-Xn-p-I-bn. lmPn-bm-tc-m hen-b-h-\m-Im

Cbm-sf A\p-h-Zn-n. XmSn-tcm-a- R ]dn-s-Sp-pw.'' ""kmcan, AXv Imcy-am-t.'' Rm Hpw ann-bn. F-s kl-Im-cnI-fm-cpw Atm Ahn-sS-bn. _m_-dpsS tPmen Ign-p. Rm
j-nv ]pd-t-n-dn. aZy-]m\n Fs XS-p-\n-n.- Fsmstbm ]pe-p-pv. Bscm-stbm Abmsf Nmhn-sIm-Spv
Ab-n-cn-p-I-bmWv, Fs `oj-Wn-s-Sp-m. Abm Fs
D]-{Z-hn-p--Xn\v ap]v _m_dpw sXm-Sp apdn-bn-ep ssP\nbpw tNv Fs Abm-fpsS he-b-n \n-pw Hgn-hmn. Rm ]n-bn-tev \Sp.- aZy-] Dds Fsm-stbm hnfnp Iqhp-pv. ]n ]qn-bn-Sm k-Xn-p-I-bn-s-mWv {][m\ `ojWn. hnhcw tI-dnp laoZv HmSn-sbn. th-s--hsc s]sv
hnfn-p-Iqn. Sn.F. Ipmen {kmv, sambv-Xo {kmv (a), Sn.Fw.
Ipp-ap-l-Zv (cmPmhv Fv kplr-p- Ct-ls Xam-ibmbn hnfn-m-dpv), Fw. A_vZp JmZn, ssP\n...- ]ns
Bscm-s-bmWv Hm-In-p-n. CXv Hscm--s kw`-h-ambn hnpI-f-b-cp-sXv Fm-hcpw tNv A`n-{]m-b-sp. i-amb Hcp
KqVm-tem-N-\-bpsS `mK-ambn Cu kw`-hs a\-n-em-m Hcp
{]bm-k-hp-an-s-mWv Fm-hcpw ]d-Xv. Rm am-{Xw \ni-_vZ\mbn. Ah AhnsS shv Xs t]meo-kn-s D-X tI{-n-tev Hcp s]o-j Xm-dmn. Hmw t]cp-Im-c-\mbn laoZv Hn--Xns ]nmse AhnsS IqSn-b-hcpw Am--h-cp-amb Hcp kwLw t]
AXn Hv shp. XWw _-s tI{-n-te--bp. s]o-j-\n Nqn-m-Wn {]Xn-Isf Ah-cpsS hon sNv Ippap-l-Zv kmln_v t]meo-kn\v Nq-n-m-Wn-p-sIm-Spp. Fm-h-tcbpw t]meokv Xqn-sb-Spp. cm-{Xn-bm-b-tm henb kwLjmh--bmbn. {]Xn-I-fpsS _p--f-Sw Hcp P\-qw Ipp-ap-l-Zns\ B{I-an-m At-l-n-s hoSns\ ey-amn ]pd-sp.
Ipp-ap-l-Zv Hfn-p-\n-n-. kss[cyw Ah-cpsS apn \np.
Xm- sNbvXXv icn-bm-sW-pw C\nbpw thn-h-m CXv Xs
sNp-sapw [oc-ambn {]Xn-I-cn-p. Atlw ImWn XtSw Ap-X-I-c-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns Cuam Ak-Xy-hm-Zn-Ipw
A{I-a-Im-cn-Ip-sa-Xn-cn Pzenp \n L-am-bn-cpp AXv. Hpw
kw`-hn-n. t]meokv i-amb XmoXv \In cm{Xn-bn {]XnIsf hn-bp. t]meokv Xocp-am-\-sa-Spp. ]n-bnse \S-nv

381

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Imcy--sf-p-dnv ]cm-Xn-bp--h ]n A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS apn

Bh-em-Xn-s-SWw. Ah-km-\ Xocp-am\w ]n \S-n-ns Npa-Xe-mv Xs-bmWv. ]n-bn X-s \a-kvI-cn--W-sav \n_--ap--h s]cp-m \a-kvImcw \S-p ap ]n-I-fn-tev
s]mbvsm-Ww. CXn\p hncp--am-bn ]n-bnse Cam-an-t\mtSm
]n ]cn-k-ctm A\m-h-iy kwkm-c-tfm {]h-\-tfm \Sn-bm t]meo-kns `mK-p-\n-pw i-amb \S-]-Sn-I DmIpw. t]meokv Xocp-am\w FgpXn. {]Xn-I-sf-smv Hn-Sn-np. kmn-I-fmbn ]cm-Xn-mcpw Hp-sh-p. AtXmsS cwKw im-ambn.
s]cp-m Znhkw, {]Jym-]n--s--Xp t]mse P\- cmhnse ]n-v apn Hp-IqSn. Rm apnepw Ah hcn-h-cn-bmbn ]nnepw \ncp XIv_o apg-n.- apPm-ln-Zo kvIq {Kunse CuZvKmlv P\-q--m kPo-h-ambn. F\nv ktm-j-ambn. Am-lphns\ kvXpXnp. sskZvIp-n-lm-Pn-bpsS \ne-]mSv Fs ApX--s-Sp-p-Ibpw Bm-Zn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atlw XnI\ni-_vZX ]men-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. B au\w F\nv {]tXy-I-ambn \Inb kqW- ]np-W-bm-bn-cpp. dn\v kvXpXn! Atlw {]Xn-knL--fn F\nv \Inb ]npW Fs {]h-\-sf IqSp-X i-am-m D]-I-cnp. AXp Xs-bmWv
Atlw Bin--sXpw F\n-v tXmn. At-l-ns Fm \Ipw Am-lp Al-amb {]Xn-^ew \Ip-Ibpw tZmj-
hnp-s]m-dpv amm-n-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp-am-dm-Is.
BZy-Im-ev apPm-lnZv {]m-\-tmSv B`n-apJyw Imnb sI.Fv. kpsse-am am ]noSp ]mSp-amdn. kpn-I-fpsS t\Xm-hmbn. apPm-lnZp {]m-\s t{Zmln-m Inp Ah-k-c-
]mgm-msX aptm-p-t]mbn. Rm sImn-bn Pohn-p Ln- At-l-ns \ne AX-m-bn-cpp. R Nne-tm-sgms
Nne kZ-p-I-fn shv ImWpw. temlyw ]dbpw. A{X-am{Xw. Atlw Ctm Pohn-n-cn-n. CuZvKm-lns \ne Hmtcm hjhpw
]pjvSn-sp. JZo-Pm-_mbn \K \nd-p-Xp-fpn. ew XnI-bmsX tImu-n\v ]pdv tdmUn-tev \on KXm-KXw kvXw`np.
hml-\- ap hgn-I-fn-eqsS Xncn-p-hnSpw. kvIq sIn-S-ns
apI-fn sSd-nepw P\w \ndp. t^mp sImn-bnse Ncn-{X-{]kn--amb ]tcUv ssaXm\w sImn IS-p-d-ns h-mWv.

382

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hmkvtKm-U-Km-a-bpsS ih---dbpw ]pcm-X\ e--nbpw ssaXm-\-ns hS-t-b-v nXn sNpp. Ctm cp CuZvKm-lpI sI.F.Fw. aWvUew Inn \S-n-h-cpp. ]\-b-n {]tZis kv{Xo ]pcp-j-mv ]tcUv {Kun X-k-a-bv Fnt-cm-\p tiw a\-n-emn apPm-ln-Zo kvIq {Kumb JZoPm-_mbn \K-dnepw ]tcUv ssaXm-\n-bnepw CuZvKm-lp-I kwL-Snn-pp. cn-S-p-ambn GXmv Bdm-bn-c-n\pw Ggm-bn-c-n-\pw
aty kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m ]s-Sp-pp. Amlp A\p-{K-lns.
sImn-bnse Fs Ap hjs PohnXw kw`-h-_-lp-e-ambn-cpp. Hmtcm Znh-khpw Hmtcm kw`hw Fv ]dbmw. kk-_oens hf -X-s-bm-W-Xn apJyw. hcn-mcpw hmb-\-mcpw hnp. sX tIc-f-n [mcmfw hmb-\-m-cp-mbn. Hcp kwLw Bfp-I Ftmgpw AXns klm-bn-I-fmbn B^o-kn hpt]m-bn-sm-n-cpp. ]pXnb ]n aZvd-k-bpsS Xmsg-bp hnim-eamb lm CXn-\mbn apX-hn A_vZp-l
- mPn AlvaZv tkv hnpXp.
lmfns hS-p-`mKw apdn-I Xncnp ASp--fbpw ]pXnb I-qkv
Ipfn-adn kuI-cy--fp-tas-Spn, F\nv IpSpw-_-Xm-a-k-n-\mbn
A\p-h-Znp. Rm\pw `mcybpw Cfb aqp afpw AhnsS Xma-kamn. ap_m-dIv, Pu-l-, l_o_v Fn-h-cmWv Fs IqsS-bp-mbn-cp a. aqp-t]-scbpw apPm-ln-Zo Hmdn-b ssl-kvIqfn tNp. ap_m-dIv sslkvIq-fnepw Xmsg-bp--h bp.]n-bn-epam-bn-cpp. ap_m-dIv Fkv.Fkv.F.kn. ]qn-bm-n-bXv Ahn-sS
\nmWv. kvIqfnse Ghpw Db amv ap_m-d-n-\m-bn-cpp.
AXv kw_--ambn Fsm-stbm ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-fpw e`np.
IpSn-shw e`n-m ]nv ]pdv tdmUn-ep ]nIv ss]n-tev t]mI-W-am-bn-cpp. Ipn-I sshIp-tcw IpS--fp-ambn
t]mbn \nd-p-sIm-p-hcpw. Cu {]bmkw I-tm laoZv ]d-p.
]n tImu-n aue-hn-bpsS hop-Imv ssI Fnv FSpm X-hn[w Hcp ]nIv ss]v thWw. AsXms FhnsS \Sm? Rm B-KXw sNbvXp. ImcWw sImn-bn-se-hn-sSbpw
Av ]n-I-fntem av kzImcy m]-\--fntem ]nIv Smv
A\p-h-Zn-n-n. ]s, laoZv ]ns Znhkw ew tIm-td-j
Iu-kn-e-sdbpw Iqn Fs-b-Spv hp. sI.Fw. lwk kmln_v. B hmUnse P\-{]n-b-\mb ncw Iukn-e-dmWv. Rm\n-sX-

383

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

gp-Xp-tmgpw Atlw Iukn-e Xs. 1952 BZy-ambn sXcs-Sp--s tijw ]cm-Pbw Adn-n-t-bn. \ma-am-{X-amb
FXn-cm-fn-I am{Xta At-l-n\v Dm-hm-dpq. 45 hj--fn-tesd-bmbn Cu m\w XpS-cpp. bYm P\-tk-h-I-\m-bn-cpp
lw-k- kmln_v. lao-Zns D-an-{X-amWv. sXcs-Sp-ns {][m\
Npa-X-e-m-c-\mbn laoZv cwK-p-mIpw. Rm Hmpp,- 1980
laoZv tImgn-tmSv F.hn. A_vZp-d-lvam lmPn-bpsS kwKoXvtemUvPn kk-_o km-bm-lv-\ ]{X-ns t\t\m--hp-ambn
Ign-bp Imew. lwk kmln_v F\n-smcp I-bp. sXc-sSp-mWv. lao-Zns\ Zb-hmbn F\nv hnp-X-cWw. Rm A\p-h-Znp.
ImcWw Rm \n-bp--h-\m-I-W-atm. A{X-tmfw F\nv
At-l-tmSv IS-m-Sp-m-bn-tmbn. laoZv BZy-ambn Iqn-smp
hv Fs ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p-Ibpw ]n--Spv F\nv thn
am{Xw Hcp ]nIv ss]v m]n-p--Xn-s\-p-dnv ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNbvX-tm Av Atlw ]dp; ""hfsc {]bm-k-amWv. As\ Hcp \S-]-Sn-{I-a-an. Fnepw Rms\mv {ian-s.'' AXpw ]dp Atlw t]mbn. Hcm-gvN-Iw tdmUn \npw ]n--I-tv ss]v IW-Ivj-\mbn. Fs hop-Imv ssI Fm-hp Zqcv. IpSn-m\pw Ipfn-m\pw kar--amb \ne-bn shw! am{X-a,cp Znhkw Ign--tm ]v bqWn-ns Hcp tdj ImUp-ambn Atlw hp. ""CXp-]-tbm-Knv Inp Acnbpw tKmXpw hmn-smq'' Fv ]dp. lao-Zp-am-bp _-amWv CXns
Imc-Ww. Fs IpSpw_w sImn hnSp--Xp-hsc B tdj ImUv
henb Hcp XW-em-bn-cpp. ifw sImv IjvSnv Ign-bm-hp
nXntb Apq. ifw Hcp henb {]iv\-ambn Rm IW-mn-bn-cp-n. F\nv sImn-bn \np-sImv {]t_m-[\ {]h\w XpS-cWw. AXp am{X-am-bn-cpp B{Klw.- sI.Fw. lwkm
kmln_v Fs hfsc kvt\lnp. Rm At-ls Fpw BZcn-p. 8788 Imev kk-_o akvPn-Zns \nmWw Bcw-`np--Xn\v Nne kmt-XnI XS-- Dm-bn-cpp. Ipssh-n
\npw A\p-h-Zn--s ^v D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-m km[y-am-Im
hnj-am-h. sI.]n. apl-Zv auehn hfsc IrXy-\n-jvT-m-c\pw.ss]k Xm ]nt-Zn-hkw ]Wn XpS-mtam FmWv sI.]n.bpsS tNmZyw. XpSmw Fv adp-]Sn ]d-m AXv If-hmIpw. \nba-]-c-amb Imcy- ]qn-bm-ImsX tPmen XpS-n-bm AXv

384

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A]-I-S-amWv. ]ns hj- _pn-ap-n-bmepw B Ipcpv Agnm km[n-sv hcn. Cu {]Xn-kn L-n laoZpw \n-mW Npa-Xe
- t- bn-s
- sI.sI-. Dadpw tNv sI.Fw. lwk kmln-_ns\ Ip. hnhcw tI Atlw ]d--Xn-{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-p.
Da auehn XpS-n-sh B Iw XS--s--cpXv. Atlw Fsmstbm sNbvXp. Bsc-sbm-tbm- Ip. cp Znh-k--Iw
\nmW tPmenv XpSw Ipdn-m-sa-mbn. \nb-a-ns Ipcpp-In-S-bn-eqsS Ib-dm At-l-n-\-dnbmw. bYm tk-h-I\mWv lwk kmln_v. Hcp {InkvXy ]mXncn {]kn-Upw F.F.
laoZv sk{I--dn-bp-ambn cq]o-I-cn Hcp Inn s]mXp]ncnhv \S-nbmWv 1972 At-l-n\v hoSv Dm-n-bXv. B hoSn\v A-tlw
"{^Uvkv'- FmWv t]cv \In-bn-cn-p-Xv. Ctm lr-t{Zm-Km hnj-an-p-I-bmWv. Rm Hcn- sImn-bn sN-tm
lwk kpJ-an-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bm-sWv laoZv ]dp. Rm DSs\
At-ls hon sNp Ip. Fs I-tm Xs tcmKw
]mXnbpw t`Z-am-b-Xp-t]m-se-bp BmZw. A{X-n-jvS-am-bn-cpp
R Xn. sImn-bn Fm-hpw {]nb-s lwk--bmWv
Atlw. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s. (2001se da-fm-\n lwk
A-cnp. Amlp At-l-n\v IcpW sNs FUn-)
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

47
hcn-kw-Jy-bn-msX
kk-_o-ens Imcy-n, hcn-m-scbpw kplr-p--tfbpw
ap-th--s--h-tcbpw Ap-X-s-Sp-nb Hcp Xocp-am\w 74 Bcw-`n Rm ssIsmp. hcn-kw-Jy-bn-msX,- Bh-iy-s-Sp--hv kuP-\y-ambn amknI Ab-p-sIm-Sppw. ]{X-cw-Kv AXn\p
apv Cs\ Hcp kw`hw tIn-n. Hcp-]mSv iIm-c- F\nv
tItn hp. Da aue-hnv hmWv Fpw Nne ]dp.
BtcmSpw Rm {]Xn-I-cn-n. kk-_o aX-cw-Kv Ahiyw
th-Xm-sWv Icp-Xnb At\Iw hmb-\-m-cpv. Ah Fs
klm-bnpw. Amlp HuZm-cy-hm-msc Cu hgn-bn-tev ASp-npw. AXm-bn-cpp Fs {]Xo. Aan-X-amb B-hn-izmkw Hcp

385

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

el-cn-bmbn Fs Iog-Sn. Fs Xocp-am\w ]pd-p-h--tXmsS

Hmtcm Znh-khpw \qdp-I-W-n\v Ip-I kk-_o Bh-iy-sp-sImv hp-Iq-Sm XpSn. t]mp-am Hmtcm `mWvU-hp-am-bnmWv Znh-khpw hcnI. kw`m-h\ kzoI-cnpw Fv ]c-ky-s-Sp-nb-tXmsS [mcmfw aWn-tbmU-dp-Ifpw hp-sIm-n-cpp. Pam-Ap-Im ]dp, ss]k-bp-m-m Da aue-hn-bpsS ]pXnb
the-bm-WnXv. Rm {]Xn-I-cn-n. Av Ap cq]-bmWv hmjnI
hcn-kwJy. 10 e-amW--v hj-n. sIm-n GsX-nepw cp
amkw eohv. aWn-tbmU kwJy 25,50,100 Cs\ hp-sIm-ncpp. Iq-Wn ]ecpw FgpXpw ""Fs hI-bmbn Ap-t], ]v
t], 20 t] hmbn-s.'' Hcm Aqdp cq] Ab-p-sImv ""Fs hI-bmbn \qdp-t] kk-_o-ens kuP\y hcn-m-cm-Is''.Fs IW-p-Iq-epw {]mY-\bpw ]mgm-bn. t\cnpw Bfp-I
kwJy-I G]n-p-sIm-n-cpp. Rm Cs\ Xocp-am-\n--Xns ]nn Hcp {]tXyI Dt-iy-ap-m-bn-cpp. ss]k Abv hcnm-c-\mbn tNv kk-_o hcpn hmbn-p--h-cn A[nIhpw BZi-_-p--fm-bn-cnpw. i{Xp- CXn-s\m-cp-p-I-bn.
Atm FXn]m-f-b--fn-tev kk-_o IS-p-sN-Ww.
bphm-n-S-bn \nc--c-ambn hmbn--s-SWw. Hcp ew ]qn-bmbn hmbn--hv ASp--ew hmbn-m t{]c-W-bp-m-Ipsav F\nv Dd-m-bn-cpp. ap ]{X-n-m thdn Hcp ]pXpabpw coXnbpw kk-_o-en-\pv. Fs Dtiyw sXn-bn. kpn
Zkp-I-fn-tebpw Pam-Av tImtf-Pp-I-fn-tebpw hnZymn-I-fmWv
A[n-Ihpw I-b-p-sIm-n-cp-Xv-. an Ip-I-fnepw C{]-Imcw
Fgp-Xn-bn-cnpw. ss]k Xp hmm F\nv Ign-bn. Rm
C \ne-bn ]Tn-p-I-bmWv. Ahn-Ss hnem-k-n hcp-nbm AXv In Inp-I-bn. AXn-\m Xmsg hnem-k-n Abp-X-cm Zb-hp-m-IWw. Ip-I-fpsS `mWvUw ]cn-tim-[n-p
D-c-hm-Znw laoZv kzbw Gs-Spp. aI ap_m-dIv lao-Zns\
klm-bnpw. Ip-I-fpsS Iq-n A\p-tam-Z-\-fpw sXdn-hn-fnIfpw [mcm-f-ap-mIpw. laoZv sXc-s-Spv NneXv tInpw.
AXn NneXv {]kn-o-I-cnpw. cp-am-k-n-\p-n ]Xn-\m-bn-cn-tesd hcn-m hnp. Fs hnIrXn ]q Xocp-am\w Adn-tm a-bn \npw Fs B-kp-lrv A_vZp-d-Du^v
aue-hnbpw aZo-\-bn \npw alm-\mb ssiJv C_v\p-_mkpw

386

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F\n-p-thn lrZ-b-]qw {]mn-p-sImpw Fs t{]mmln-n-p-sImpw FgpXn. Hn-e-[nIw e-p apgp-h

sNehpw Ah Fn-p-Xp. ]WvUn-X\pw t\Xm-hp-amb Hcm
Cs\ ]dp Nncn--Xmbpw Adnp. t\cs Abmv Ac
eqkmWv, Ctm apgp {`mm-bn-pv. Rm Bin--Xn-sbpw {]Xon-X
- n-sbpw Ap-d-tv Imcy- \on. hcn-kwJy hmn
\S-n-bn-cp--tm henb km-nI ti-am-bn-cpp. tImn-I
Ipd-hm-sW-nepw. ]e-tmgpw ]n-bn \npw Inp ifw
hmn {]n sImSp--emWv ]Xnhv. kvIqfn t]mIp Fs
av Hcp \ DSpv hmn sImSp-m Ign-bm-dn. lwk
X tdj ImUmWv Hcp henb klmbn. ]n--Sn- ]e-N-cv I-hSw sNp Sn.Fw. aqk Bh-iy-n-\p km[-\-
sImSp--bpw. Atlw Imiv tNmZn-p-I-bn. AhnsS Ipdn-nSpw.
Fnepw ]ecpw Bt-]n--Xp-t]mse {`m-amb Hcm-th-i-am-bn-cpp, kk-_o \S--W-sa-Xv. ]Xn-m-p-I Dn-sem-Xpn
\S Hcm-{Klw \S-n-em-b-tm Zpbm-hnse hnj-a- Imcy-amm tXmn-bn. Hcn- Hcp kw`-h-ap-mbn. Rm cmhnse
tKmX-ns Nm-nbpw I Nmbbpw Ign-p-tm sI.kn.
A_q-_- auehn kemw ]dp Ib-dn- hp. Rm At-ls `-W-n\p Wnp. sI.kn. ]m{X-n-te-smp t\mn.
Fn-smcp ^enXw. tl auehn B Nm-n-bn teiw F
]pc-m-am-bn-cp-nt. Rm\pw At-lhpw ASp-p-m-bn-cp laoZpw Nncnp. Rm Nncn-p-sImv tNm-Zn--p. \nv teiw Fbpambn hcm-am-bn-cp-nt. ^en-X-m-c-\m-sW-nepw sI.kn.bpsS apJn\v Hcp ]I Rm Ip. Atlw thKw ew-hnp. laoZv
aue-hn-tbm-sSmw ]pd-t-n-dn. sI.kn. lao-Zn-t\mSv ]d-bp-IbmWv. ""laotZ, Cu a\p-jy Cs\ t]mbm FmIpw nXn.
\n\v Hv ]d-p-IqtS'' laoZv Xncn-p-hp hfsc ti-tmsS
FtmSv ]dp. Rm alm-\mb Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS hmp-I
IS-sa-Spv lao-Zns\ Biz-kn-np. Rm\pw kzbw Biz-knp.
Xncq-c-mSn bXow-Jm-\-bpsS {]mcw-`-L--n sP.Un.nbpsS amt\P ]dp: amk-n apqdp cq] sNehv. Ccp-qn A]Xv cq]
sP.Un.ddn-bn \np Xcpw. A]Xv cq] amkmw \n-fp-mWw.- Fw.sI. lmPn, sI.Fw. auehn XpS-nb alm-c-Y-m Ipan-gnv Iptd-t\-c-an-cpp. A]Xv cq] Fs\ Dmpw? Ipdp

387

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kabw Ignp t_m[m-h--bn-tev h Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS

Cuam\pw Xh-pepw AhnsS Xnfn. ""\v Ign-hn. ]s,
\psS bP-am-\ Ign-hp--h-\mWv. Ahs JP-\mhv Ftmgpw
\nd--XmWv.'' Cu hmp-I Fpw F\nv amK-Zin-bm-bn-cpp. AsX, Am-lp-hns JP-\mhv \nd-n-cn-pp. F{X sIm-Spmepw AXv \nd-p-X-s-bn-cnpw.
hcn-kwJy hmn amknI \S-m tin-n-cp F\nv hcnkwJy Hgn-hmn kuP-\y-ambn Bh-iy-mv Ab-p-sIm-Sp-p
XovW-amb {]h\w ti-c-ln-X-ambn \S-m dv- X-s JP\mhv Xpd-p-shp. Hcp-]mSv imco-cn-Im-zm-\hpw CXns ]nd-In-epv. ]Xn-\m-bn-c--W-n\v amkn-I-Iv dm- apdn-Ww. hnemkw Fgp-XWw. amknI aS-Ww. dm- Hn-Ww. tijw mv
Hn-Ww.- sIp-I-fmn t]mtm-^o-kn Fn-Ww. Cu hI
Imcy--sfmw Hc--]hpw Xmakw IqSmsX \Sp. Hcp kwLw
bphm- tkh\w \Im Ftmgpw Xm-dmbn Dm-bn-cpp.
shdpw cp Znhkw sImv ]Xn-\m-bn-c--W-n\v tImn-I t]mv sNm X-hw Xm-dm-bn-cnpw. Hpw Cn-msX Zo\ns
Imcy-n tkh\w sNm, Fs ]np-W-m Fm-bn-Spw
k--`-S-m-cmbn kZm Xnf-n-\n sImn-bnse bphm-sf Hcnepw ad-m Ign-bn. Ah Fs in-bm-bn-cpp. Fs
Bth-i-am-bn-cpp. F\nv IIp-fn-bm-bn-cpp. GXv {]p-_v[m-h--bnepw Fs ico-c-nse Hcp tcma-n-\p-t]mepw lm\n
XmsX Fs Imp-kq-n-p-Ibpw F\nv ss[cyw ]I-cp-Ibpw
Fs aptmv Xp-Ibpw sNbvX sImn-bnse BZi-_-p-
Hmtcm-cp--tc-bpw IS-m-Sn-sbpw \n-bp-sSbpw hnIm-c-tmsS Rm kvacn-pp. GXmv aqp hj-mew hcn-kw-Jy-bn-msX,kuP-\y-ambn,- Hcp ew apS-n-msX kk-_o \Sp. AtXmsSmw \qdp-I-W-n\v t\mo-kp-I, eLp-te-J-I Fn-hbpw
\ntXy-\-sb-tmWw ]pd-n-d-n-bn-cpp. Am-lp-hn-mWv kkvXp-Xnbpw!- Ahs JP-\m-hn Hcp Ipdhpw hcn-I-bn-tm.
kpDu-Zn-bn-te-p bm{X GXm\pw hj--fmbn apS-n-bn-cpp. hn{i-a-c-ln-X-amb kk-_o-ens {]h\w Xs {][m\
ImcWw. Bfpw AY-hp-ap-mbn. Am-lp-hns A\p-{K-l-m
]{Xw sdbn-en Ibdn {Ia-ambn HmSn-p-Sn. kk-_o-ens Npa-

388

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xe lao-Zns\ G]np t]mIm F\nv ss[cy-ap-mbn. klmbn-m FmSpw kplr-p-. Fs klm-bn-I-fn Hcp NndIm-bn-cpp ]n.Fw. A_vZp Akokv (J).- Ako-kns tkh\w ]d-sm-Xp-m Ign-bm-{X hep-XmWv. tPmen tXSn Akokv J-dn-tev t]mb-tm Fs Hcp NndIp apdn-s-Spv t]mIp-Xp-t]mse ZpxJw tXmn. ]s, Fp-sNpw? IpSpw-_-ns
`mchpw Zmcn-{Zyhpw At-ls B bm{Xp \n_-n-p-I-bm-bncpp. Fv.C. apl-Zv _m_p tkns B^o-kn Hcp Poh-\-mc-\m-bn-cpp Akokv. _m_p-hn\pw ]nXmhv Ino tkp-hn\pw AhcpsS IpSpw-_mw-K-pw {]nb--c-\m-bn-cpp Akokv. kkz-`mhhpw \nkzm---X-bp-amWv At-l-ns ssIap-X. CSv Ibpw,- Hcp-]mSv {]m-\-bp-ambn.- Rm adp-]Sn apS-msX Abpw. J-dn Rm t]mIp-tm-sgms Xn ImWpw. Amlp
At-l-n\v \ sNs.
74 Rm ln\v ]pd-sp. Av sImn-bnse kplr-p-fpsS kvt\lw Ihn-sm-gpInb- Hcp bm{X-b-bv e`n-Xv Hcn-epw
ad-p-I-bn. Ah-cpsS kvt\lw A\p-`-hn--tm Rm hnImc
hnh-i-\m-bn-tmbn. shnw-KvS sFense sdbnth tj-\n
^vfmpt^mw Xnn \nd-n-cpp. kvt\l-ku-lr-Z-ns Cu
Ihn-sm-gp-I-ens\ cmw m\-tv Xnb asmcp ktmj-ns cwKw Fs Ip-Isf Cud-\mn. CuZv Kmlns {]iv\n Fs Ak`yw ]d-bp-Ibpw XS-p-\nn `oj-Wn-s-Spp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp aZy-]-s\-p-dnv Rm ]d-n-cp-nt?- \qdpI-W-n\v kplr-p--fpsS \Sp-hn bm{X ]pd-s-Sm Rm Hcpn-\np-tm, AXm B a\p-jy Bfp-Isf- Xn-amn Icp-sImv Fs t\sc hcpp. Fs ssI]n-Snv amp-]-dp.
Fs ssItNp ]nSnp Npw_np. Fs s]n FSpv kzbw
Xe-bn-ten apt \Sp. hm Hcp cwK-am-bn-cpp AXv. Hcp-]mSv
{]mhiyw IpSpw-_s hnp-sImv Rm bm{X t]mbn-pv. Asmpw A\p-`-h-s-n-n-m Hcp {]tXyI hnXp- Fs lrZbs _m[n Hc-h-k-c-am-bn-cpp AXv. Rm {]kw-Kn-p-t-Ssmw Fs sXdn-hn-fnv i{XpX {]I-Sn-n ]ecpw ]e-tm-gmbn
hv sXv Gp-]-dp Fs Nm-Xn-am-cmbn, Fs kwc--I-cmbn Ftm-sSmv bm{X sNbvX [mcmfw A\p-`-h- thsdbpw
sImnbn-ep-m-bn-pv. A-hn-sS- A-[m-an-I-X-I-fn- ]q-p-In-S-p--

389

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

h-cn-epw- \--bp-sS- Aw-i--fp-v.- Hcp-]mSv \-I-fp P\-X-bmWv

sImn-bn-teXv. i{XpX ]e-tmgpw Ahv ss\-an-jn-I-amWv.- Hcm]v hcp-tm, Hcp ZpxJw hcp-tm Fmw adv HmSn-sbn
klm-bn-p--hsc asm-cn-Spw A[nIw Rm In-n. kvt\lnm Np-]-dn-p-sIm-Sppw Fv ]g-a-m ]d-bp-Xv sImn-msc-p-dn-m-bn-cp-pthm Fv F\nv tXmn-bn-pv.
amkn-I-bpsS Npa-Xe lao-Zns\ G]nv Rm ln-\mbn
t]mbn. hj-v tij-ap Fs sNs- Ahn-Ss kplr-p-sf Bm-Z-`-cn-X-cmn. Fsbpw \ne adn-m-bn-cp-n.
Fs \mnse {]h-\-fpw ]{X-ns \S-n-p-samw Ahcn ]ec-pw Ipd-sms tI-dn-n-cpp. IqSp-X hnh-c- Adnbm Ah Xm]-cy-sp. kz-ambn Hcp {]v m]n-m
]ecpw F\nv kw`m-h\ \In. kzw sIn-S-n Xs {]v
m]n-m-\p kuI-cy-hp-am-bn-mWv Rm aS-n-sb-n-bXv.
t^mvsImn Ih-n-bn sImn bXow-Jm\ Bcw-`n Ccp-\ne
sInSw {]n\p thn Rm hnev hmn. AXn\v apv Xs
C_vdmlow kpsse-am tkv Fw.]n. sNbam\pw Rm sk-{I--dnbp-ambn kk-_o {Sv cq]o-I-cnp. IpSpw-_-nepw ]pd-p-ambn th-s--h-scmw B In-n-bn Dm-bn-cpp. {]n\v Bhiy-amb kma-{Kn-I laoZv aZn-cm-in-bn t]mbn hmn temdn ]mk-embn sImn-bn Fnp. {]ns sXm-Sp-p-m-bn-cp
thmmkv ssaXm-\n-bn k-am-nb almkZ-n--shv Fw.C.Fkv. AJn-teym {]kn-Upw Fs _lp-am\y kp-lr-p-am-bncp tUm. ]n.sI. A_vZp K^q kmln_v {it-b-amb DZvLm-S\
{]kw-Khpw {]n Fn AXns kznv Hm I-hpw \nlnp. {Sv sNbam C_vdmlow kpsse-am tkv kmln-_n\v
ASn-b-n-c-ambn IrXy-\n-l-W-n\v Znn-bn t]m-tI-n-h--Xn\m At-l-ns A\p-hm-Z-tmsS Imcy- \Sp. aZo\m
bqWn-th-gvknn s{]m^-k kA-Zp-o auehn, tUm. Fw. Dkvam
kmln_v, F.sI.F. eo^v kmln_v XpS-n-b-h sNdnb {]`mj-W- \S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. eo^v kmln-_n-s\-p-dnv cp
hmv F\nv ]dt ]q. Fgp-p-Im-c, anI-hp kmwkvIm-cnI
{]h-I Fv Rm ]d-bp-Xv t_m[-]q-amWv. aZy-]m-\n-Ifpw Agn-a-Xn-mcpw hntZ-i-bm-{X-bn ImtK-fp-ambn k-]n kw`hw hnIm-c-`-cn-X-cmbn ]{X-n kmlnXy h--\-I-tfmsS Fgp-Xn-

390

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n-Sn-n--h-cp-sams kmwkvIm-cnI \mb-I-m-cmbn hmgv-s-Sp

\psS \mn Fm [mnI aqey-fpw IrXy-ambn ]men-p-sImv Ckvem-anI kwkvIm-c-ns Xnf-p Nn-ambn cmjv{Sob
kmwkvIm-cnI taJ-eI
- f
- n {it-b\
- mb Ffn-ab
- p alZv hyn-Xzns DS-a-bmWv eo^v kmln_v. Xulo-Zns amlmyw Db-n-m-m Ah-kcw e`n-p, AYhm k`w Dm-Ip GXv
kZ-nepw Xs ISa Atlw \n-ln-m-Xn-cp-n-n.
1977emWv Fm-tWm. Fd-Wm-Ipfw amkv HmUn-tm-dn-b-n
shv AUz. A_vZp-d-lvam kmln-_ns al-\ob Ay--X-bn sImn t{^tU ns B`n-ap-Jy-n Hcp alm-k-Zv Actdn. Pam-Av apPm-lnZv kwhmZw. ASn-b-n-cm-h--bpsS ]cymh-km\w Ipdn s]mXp sXc-s-Spv Ign k`w. Pbnhm-k
Znh-k--fn hpfq sNm B.Fkv.Fkv.Im shw sImSpp
F ImcWw ]d-p-sImv Ah-cpsS AJn-teym {]kn-U-ns\
Pam-Av t\Xm- Fd-Wm-Ip-fv shv ]qam-e-bnv kzoI-cn
\ny-amb \S-]-Snv tij-amWv Cu kwhmZw. Pam-A-p-Im-tcmsSmw Pbn-en InS-m Ign-bm--Xn ]c-ky-ambn tJZw {]I-Snnv- Fs BZ-c-Wob kplrv C_vdmlow kpsse-am tkv
kzbw Xcw-Xmgv Lw. ]c-n--d-bp--Xn shdpv tXm-cpXv.
Nne Ncn-{X-h-kvXp-X-I Ab-hn-d-m ssIh-cp k`-
amn-sh-m ]noSv Hm-I ap-Ibpw NnX-dp-Ibpw sNp-IbmWv. kpsse-am tkv kmln_v kzbw Xmgv-tm AsXmcp
apn-m-Ip Zpc--ambn ]cn-W-an-p-sav Hcn-epw hnNm-cn-n.
tkp-hns ss\an-jn-I-amb hnImc {]I-S-\-am-bnt shdp-tm-sS-bmsW-nepw Rm AXv IW-n-se-Sp-pq. ]s, Pam-A-p-Im
Hcp In\m-h-n-t]mse At-l-ns a\-n-s\bpw ico-c-tbpw
Npn-n-Sn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Cy apkvenw-I-fpsS alm-\mb t\Xmhmbn temIv Atlw Adn-b-s-n-cpp. Cyv ]pdv t]mbn
hcp-tm-sgms Atlw hnhmZ]pcp-j-\m-bn-mWv Xncn-s-pI.
apkvenw-I aX-]-ctam kmaq-ln-Itam Bb kzmX{yw \ntj-[n-sp Ign-bp apkvenw cmjv{S--fn sNv kzmX-{y-ns cpNnt`-Z- thp-thmfw Bkz-Zn-p Cy apkvenw-I-fpsS ]oU\ IY-I hnfn Ip{]-kn--\m-IpI At-l-ns ]Xn-hm-bn-cpp.
Fnepw \m\m-`m-K--fn \npw At-l-n-s\-Xn-cn ]mp-hcp ic- XSp-p-sImv apkvenweoKv ]mn At-l-n\v ]cn-

391

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Nbpw Ih-N-hp-ambn Fpw \ne-sIm-n-cpp. _m_cn akvPn-Zns

XI apkvenw kap-Zm-b-n-t\ DW-m apdnhv Xs-bmWv.
A-Xn-s\- Cy P\m-[n-]-Xy-ns lrZ-b-n-te apdn-hmbn Xs
\mnse _pn-Po-hn-Ifpw atX-X-c-hm-Zn-I-fp-amb Aapkvenw kaq-lhpw
Xe-Ip-epn k-Xnp. ]oU-\w sImv ]pf \psS kmwkvImcnI Hu-Xy-n\v Cu {]Xn-I-cWw A\p-Iqe LS-I-am-bn-cpp.
B-kw-b-a-\-n-eq-sS-bp {]Xn-tj-[--fp-bn atX-X-c-hm-Zn-IfpsS A\p-Iqe`mhs \tmSv tNp \np--Xn\v ]Icw
Xo{h-hm-Zn-I-fp-ambn Iqp-tNp apkvenw-Isf \nb-{-Wm-Xo-X-amb
Hcp sshIm-cn-I-X-e-n-tev amp--Xn-\mWv kpsse-am tkv
Av apn-n-d-n-bXv. At-ls hnNm-c-]-c-amb kwb-a-\-n-tev
Xncn-p-sIm-p-h-cm kzw ]mnbpw In-ta-a kap-Zm-bhpw IWn-tesd ]cn-{i-anp. {]Kv\pw ]Iz-a-Xnbpw tkns ASp
_p-hp-amb kmse apl-Zv tkv Xs hon At-ls hncpn\v Wn-p-h-cpn aWn-q-dp-I CXn-mbn {ian Imcyw
kmte tkv Xs \ncm-i-tbmsS FtmSv ]d-n-pv. cmjv{So-bn Zp-e-\mb Rm\pw Hcn- Hp XpSn t\mn. At-lns tZjyw Ip `bp ]nmdn. At-ls Npn-n-Sn In\mhn ]nSpw apdp-p-Ibpw knan, Fkv.sF.H. ]ns ]pXp-a-gbvp
Infn Xh-c-t]mse Ipsd D]-{K-l-fpw At-l-n\p Nppw
Id-n-sm-n-cpp. a cmjv{Sobw ]e-tcbpw Xfp-Ibpw
XIp-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. Nnesc ]s hj-fm-p-Ibpw sNbvXnpv. CXv GXv hIp-n-em-sWv Rm ]d-bp-n. BZ-cn--h
Xs At-ls Ah-a-Xn-p-Xv tIp-tm Nn-emWv thZ\. Rm hfsc Btem-Nnp. temIw BZ-cn Hcp henb a\p-jy
Btcmcpw {in-m AK-Wy-tIm-Sn-bn-tev Fdn-b-s-Xv Zpbmhn Xs Hcp in-bm-Wtm. At-l-ns Bm-X-tbp-dntm \nkzm-Xsb kw_-ntm Bpw kwi-b-an. Fnpw Ft Cs\ hp? F\nv Innb Dcw Rm ]dbmw.
kaqlw At-l-ns Ic--fn G]n hnizm-ky-Xbvv Atlw `wKw hcpn. Hcn--e, \nc--c-ambn AXv sNbvXp-sIm-ncpp. Pam-A-ns AJn-teym Aao apl-Zv bqkp^v kmln_n-t\m-sSmw Pbn-en InS-m Ign-bm--Xn-ep ZpxJw ]c-kyambn Atlw {]I-Sn-n-tm. a\-n Hfn-p-sh-Xv ad-\on ]pdp-Nm-Sn-b-XmWv.

392

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Pam-As Ckveman AXns Hmw XnXn apX {][m\ i{Xphmbn apkvenweoKn-s\-bmWv In-cp-Xv. AXv \m\m-X-c-nepw ]cky-s-Sp-m Ah Hcn-epw aSn-n-n. BZy-Im-e--fn Pnmkm-ln-_ns hynZqjy- Dbn-n-Snv {]N-cn-np. kzmX{y-n\p tijw Xz-mKqo lpq-a-n\v Zmky-the sNbvXp-sImv sXc-s-Sp-n ]s-Sppw thmp-sNbvXpw sNnpw apkvenwIsf apivcn-p-I-fm-Ip-p-shv eoKns\ Bt-]np. Nne-tm-sgms A[n-Imc cmjv{So-b-ns N-c-p-S-n \npw Hcp kvIqtfm tImtftPm hJ^v t_mUv AwK-Xztam Xn-sb-Sp-m eoKns\
]p-m-cn-p-t\mn. _m_cn akvPn-Zns XIp tijw A[n-Imc-n \nv eoKv hnp-t]m-c-cpXv Fv D]-tZ-in-p-Ibpw adp-`m-Kv tkp-km-ln-_ns izmk-\m-f-n Npn-n-Snv H-sh-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Cs\ \mS `mj-bn Hmp-cm-jv{Sobw Ifnv auZq-ZnI Ckvem-ans\ A]-Ion-s-Sp-m {ian-p-Ibpw knanpw
aAvZ\npw Bh-iy-n\v Duw \Im tImf- \nc-pIbpw sNbvXp.- aX-n-sbpw kap-Zm-b-n-sbpw i{Xp--tfmSv,- Xs Xm\m-nb apkvenw-eo-Kns ncw i{Xp--tfmSv \nc--c-amb
kplr-Zv_w m]n-p-sImv ]e-tmgpw Ah-cpsS Np-I-am-bn \np-sImv tkv {]hn-n-pv. tIcfw hnm, bp.]n, alm-cmjv{S, Uln XpS-n-tb-S-smw At-l-ns kpZr-V-_w PamAv t\Xm--fp-am-bn-m-bn-cpp. CXv P\- BZ-c-thmsS Atl-n G]n hnizm-ky-Xbvv Ifw Nm-em-bn-cpp. Aam\v (hniz-kvXX) Imp-kq-n- DepAwdn\v \n_--amb
Imcy-amWv. AXv sXn-p--hv Nne-tm Zpbm-hn shv
Xs in- e-`npw. ]e-cp-sSbpw A\p-`-h- Fs apn-epv.
Rm t]cv ]d-bp-n. ]s, A[n-I-t]cpw Xm{]am-WnXzw F
ss]im-Nn-I-Xbvv hgn AXv in-bm-sWv a\-n-em-p-Ib
- n.
hm-Iyhpw A\m-tcm-Kyhpw \nanw Zp-e-amb Ah--bn
Fm BZ-c-hp-I-fp-sSbpw kvt\l-hm--ey--fp-sSbpw \Sp-hn B-kw-Xr-]vXn-tbmsS Ign-tb-n-bn-cp Fs _lp-am\y kplr-v
tkv kmln-_ns ]X-\
- n Rm AXoh ZpxJn-X\
- m-Wv.
Rm ]d-p-h-Xv F.sI.F. eo^v kmln-_n-s\-p-dn-mWv. Fd-Wm-Ipfw ss{^tU v hn.sF.]n.IfpsS kwK-a-amWv.
Ah BZyw amkv HmUn-tm-dn-b-n Hcp Nm tbmKw kwL-Sn-

393

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

np. "Pam-As Ckveman Cy cmjv{So-b-n'-,- hnjbw CXmbn-cpp. {]_-m-h-X-c-W-n\v F.F. lao-Zn-s\-bmWv Wn-Xv.
sI.kn.Fw. ta, Pnkv iwkp-o kmln_v, Fv.C. apl-Zv
_m_p,- sImn-bnse {]apJ t\Xm-hmb Sn.sI. apl-Zv kmln_v
(Beph), Pam-Av Aao s{]m^. knoJv lk- kmln-_ns
tPyjvT\pw alm-cm-Pmkv tImtfPv s{]m^-k-dp-am-bn-cp apl-Zv
kmln_v XpS-nb ]uc-{]-[m-\n-I AhnsS kn-ln-X-cm-bn-cpp.
dn.PUvPn {ioaXn ^mnam dlvams `mhpw Fs kplrpw
{]apJ A`n-`m-j-I-\p-amb A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v tbmK-n-
Ay-\
- m-bn-cpp. Cy cmjv{So-b
- n- aX-ns ad-hn \n-e\n-p-- Hcp I-\m-W-b-amWv Pam-As Ckveman Fv kan-p--Xm-bn-cp lao-Zns {]_w.- XpSp N-bn ]sSpp am-kv-- A]w kwkm-cnp. AXns kwn]vX cq]w Cs\-bm-bn-cpp:- Pam-As Ckvem-an-sb-p-dnv Hcp Hm-td-j\v
Rm\n. Fs kzw Hc-\p-`hw ]dbmw. ASn-b-n-cm-h--bpsS
Bcw-`-n sImn-bnse Pam-Av {]h-I-cmb Ipd-p-t]sc
t]meokv AI-mn. Fm-h-tcbpw F\nv t\cn--dnbmw. km[pfpw acym-Z-m-cp-amWv. `oI-c-hmZw F hmp Xs Ah tIn-pap-m-hn. ]pd-p--h Fs klmbw tXSn-hp. Fs kzm-[o-\n ASp Znhkw Xs Fm-hcpw Pmay-n-en-dn. 18 amkv tijw s]mXp sXc-s-Sp-p-mbn. am-t-cn-bn Rm
tIm{K-ns m\mn-bmbn. {]Nm-cWw apt-dp-I-bmWv. Hcp
Znhkw Ipsd Pam-A-p-Im Fs hon hp. Ah ]dp; R-fpsS AJn-te-ym-\bw tIm{K-ns\ hnp-ho-gvN-bn-msX FXn-em-sWv amv- Adn-bp-atm. Fm am-t-cn-bn Nne
hy-Xymkw Dm-bn-cnpw. am {]Xn-k-n-L--n Rsf
klm-bn-n-pv. B IS-mSv R ad-p-I-bn. (Pnlm-Zn-\n-S-bn
Hc-h-k-c-hmZw).- Rv am-t-cn-bn Fqdp thmp-Ifpv.
AXv R am-v Xcpw. tlm! ]v ss]k sNe-hn-msX Fqdp thmp-I! Rm ktm-jnp. \n ]dp. Ah t]mbn.
sXc-s-Sp-n\p cp \m _mn-bp-t- m Ah kv{XoI-fS- w
hoSp-I tXmdpw Ibdn F\n-s-Xn-cn {]Nm-cWw \S-p-Ibpw
F\n-s-Xn-cn thmp tcJ-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXmWv Rm
Adn-bp Pam-As Ckveman. Nncnbpw Nnbpw CS-I-e Hcp

394

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cwK-ambn kZv amdn-b-tm Pam-Av t\Xmhv Sn.sI. apl-Zv

kmln_v Fgp-tv ]dp:- am ]d-Xv icn-bmWv. Ah
sNbvXXv sXmWv. AXv R-fpsS N-bn-em-Wn-tm. ]e--pw
N-bn an\n-p-I am{X-amWv A\p-h-Zn-p-Xv. Cu hnjbw R-fpsS `mK-p-\nv Ah-X-cn-n-m Ah-kcw thWw. Ay-
{]_-m-hX
- m-cI
- t- \mSv Btem-Nnp. Atlw k-Xnp. Hcp \n_-\-tbmsS.- adp-]Sn {]-kwKw amn-sh-pp. B Nbvp tij-amImw.Ahcpw AXp k-Xnp. XpSp cmw shn-bmgvN kZv hopw Ac-t-dn. Pam-A-ns `mK-p-\nv \mep {]apJ {]`m-jI.- Cp-dv laoZv am{Xw. Be-pg kztZin l _mh am
{]_w Ah-X-cn-np. Pam-A-ns Am-es ASn-s]mfn {]mkw-Kn-I-\mb kn.sI._n. hmfq, FS-h-\-mSv kvIqfnse Aym-]-I\pw hfm-t-cn-m-c-\p-amb Ben-pn auehn, sImn-m-c sI.bp.
lwk Fn-h XpSp {]kw-Knp. Bpw Ay- ka-b-]cn[n \n-bn-n. B kZ-n H-bm-\m-bn-cp lao-Zns\ ]np-Wm lao-Zn-s A`y\ {]Imcw F.sI.F. eo^v kmln_v
Ibdn \np. hnm\ {]uV-amb Hcp sImp {]kwKw sNbvXp.
kXy-n\p thn i_vZn-t Hcp cwKw h-tm Atlw {]-ISn-n BZ-i-t_m-[hpw [oc-Xbpw Rm Ftmgpw Hmm-dpv.
Cu kwhmZ IY-bn ck-I-c-amb ]e-Xp-apv. AXn Nnmlam-b-Xp-apv. laoZv adp-]Sn {]kw-K-n-mbn \n DSs\ IpSn-m
shw tNmZnp. kZ-n-ep-m-bn-cp Pam-A-p-Im AXv tIv Iqn-cn-bp-bn, shw IpSn-np F `mh-n.- B Nncnsb km[qI-cn-p hmp-I-fp-am-bn-mWv laoZv kwkmcw Bcw-`n-Xv. ""Cs\-sbmcp kml-N-cyhpw Ccw Hcp kZpw CXn\p apv A`n-ap-JoI-cn-t-n-h-n-n. AXns ]cn-{`-a-n shw IpSn-p-t]mbn.''
Fv ]d--tm ]cn-lm-khpw Bm-Zhpw Ie Nncn hop-apbp. XpSv aph-cn-bn ew ]nSn-n-cp Xs kplrv
lwk amv t\sc laoZv ssI\on. am Hcp ]pkvX-I-sv
In sImSpp. Pam-Av kmln-Xy--fm-bn-cpp AXv. ]pkvX-I Hmtcm-mbn FSpv auZq-Zn-bp-sSbpw Pam-A-n-sbpw A\nkvem-an-Ihpw A_--P-Un-e-hp-amb {]kvXm-h-\-I Hsm-mbn
hmbn-p-Ibpw hnain-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-h--tXmsS kZ-ns ]e
`mK-p-\npw Ah- Fgp-tv _lfw shm XpSn. Atm

395

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ay- Xs ISa bYm-hn[n \n-lnp. in-bmbn XmoXv

sNp-Ibpw kZ-ns acymZ ]men-n-s-n ]pd-m-t-n-h-cpsav ap-dn-bnv \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. shw IpSn-np F Alm-c
- n Bm-Zn-p--kn--h laoZns adp-]Sn {]kwKw G]n
BLm-X-n sXm-h-cv ac-hn-p-t]mbn. sI.bp. lwk Xs
{]kw-K-n henb KtmsS Hcp tNmZyw D-bn-n-cpp. Nm-hnj-b-hp-ambn _-an-m Imcy-am-b-Xn-\m AXn\v Xm\n-tm
adp-]Sn ]d-bp-n-sv laoZv ]dp. tNmZy-an-Xm-bn-cpp ""aplvbno ssiJns\ hnfnv tXSp-Xv inm-sWv apPm-ln-Zp-I hmZnp-p-tm. A-s\-bm-sW-n \psS Im-Im-c-W-h-m-scmw
\c-I-n-em-bn-cn-p-atm. AtX-p-dnv Fp ]d-bpp?''- Npcp-n Ah ]s hj-fmbn. AXn \npw Ducn-m-Sm tbmKm-hkm\w asmcp hmZ-hp-ambn hopw Ah aptmp hp. apPm-lnZv
Pam-Av In-In-S-bnse ASn-m-\-`n-X C_m-Zv FXn-emWv. AXp-sImv C_m-Zv Nm-hn-j-b-am-m Ch Hcp-aptm? Hcp shp-hn-fn-bpsS `mh-n ]pd-s Cu tNmZy-n\v
Hcp--amWv Fv laoZv DSs\ adp-]Sn ]dp. Atm Xs
XnXn \n-bn--sp. asmcp shn-bmgvN.
Pam-Av `mKv \npw s{]m^. apl-Zv kmln_pw sI.bp.
lwkbpw \psS `mKp \nv laoZpw kzbw Xm-dmbn. cmas {]Xn-\n-[nsb ]noSv Adn-bn-m-sav ]dp. Rm ]pXn-b]-n-bnse JXz-o_v m\w Hgn ka-b-am-bn-cpp AXv. ]Icw
kn.]n. Da kp-an-bmWv IrXyw \n-ln-p-t]m-Xv. Atlw
JpXz-v_ \Sn Xncn-p-t]mIpw. laoZv Da kp-an-tbmSv Xs ]mfn-bm-Im A`ynp. BZyw Atlw aSnp \np. hnj-b-kw-_-ambn IqSp-X ]Tn-m Ign-n-n-s i-bm-bn-cpp- kp-anv. Hcp ]WvUn-Xs ]m-fnw X\nv thW-sav laoZv \n_n--tm Atlw k-Xnp. P\-\n-_n-U-amb kZv amkv BUntm-dn-b-n k-ambn. BZyw apl-Zv kmln_v {]kw-Knp.
Hmtcm-cp-pw \mev]-p an\n-p-I-fmWv A\p-h-Zn-Xv. anXXzw
\nd `mj-bn-emWv apl-Zv kmln_v kwkm-cn-Xv. Fnepw
hyn-]-c-ambn Fs t\v Av FbvXp-hn-Sm Atlw ad-n.
tijw kn.]n. kwkm-cnp. anXhpw am\y-cq-]-amb ssien-bn Xs
kn.]n. hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb adp-]Sn ]dp. Ac aWn-qsImv

396

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Atlw aXn-bm-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tijw XnIpw B{I-a-W-kz-`mh-n-emWv sI.bp. lwk Acv XIXv. apPm-lnZv {]m-\s sXsmv Xtem-Snbpw Fs ITn-\-ambn Bt-]npw Xs
kabw Atlw ]qo-I-cnp. XpSv XnIpw {]Xym-{Ia-W-ns hotdmSpw sIt]mSpw IqSn Xs laoZv Xs {]`m-jWw XpSn. hymP-\n-_n-Uhpw ASn-m-\-c-ln-X-hp-amb auZq-Zn-k-ns
hmZ--sfbpw sI.bp. lwk-bpsS Bt-]--sfbpw Ah-cpsS cN\-I-fpsS ]n_-e-tmsS Xs laoZv Xn--Xp. Hcp skpt]mepw CS-th-fb
- n-msX \nK-fn A kw]p-jvSa
- mb {]`m-jWw
kZ-n\v Dtjw \In. {]kwKw Ah-km-\n-n-p-sImv laoZv
AXoh Kuc-h-tmsS ]d hmp-I henb ssI-Sn-tbm-sSbmWv kZv Gp-hm-n-bXv. AXv C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp. ""ap Ign kwhmZ kZ-n sI.bp. lwk Hcp tNmZyw Rv t\sc
KtmsS Dbn-bn-cpp aplvbn-o ssiJns\ hnfnv {]mnn-cp \psS Im-Im-c-W-h-m-cpsS nXn-sbv? Cu tNmZyn\v H-hm-n Rm adp-]Sn ]d-bpp. aqkm \_ntbmSv ^nHu tNmZn tNmZy-am-WnXv. AXv Fs dv Xocp-am-\npw Fv
aqkm-\_n adp-]Sn ]dp. aqkm \_ntbmSv ^n-Hu tNmZn
AtX tNmZyw Pam-A-p-Imv Ctm R-tfmSv tNmZn-t-nh-p-htm. CXv Xs aXn \n FhnsS \npp, R
FhnsS \npp Fv a\-n-em-m''.- {]kwKw Xop.- hn
ISn Dbp. ]cn-]mSn Ah-km-\np. Pam-A-p-Im-cpsS ]qXnbpw
Xop.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

48
Zmdp C^vXm-Cse \nb-a\w
sImn-bn \np BZys lv bm{X Ign-s-n-b-tmgmWv kk-_o {]p-m-bXv. AXn-\p-apv Ipdp e-
sImn apPm-ln-Zo {Sns hI-bmb Hmdn-b {]nt-gvkn
\nmWv Xm sNbv-Xn-cp-Xv. AhnsS Ad_n ssS]-v-kv- Dm-bn-cpXv Hcp henb kuI-cy-am-bn-cpp. Nne Ad_n teJ-\- Ds-Sp-m\pw AXym-hiyw Bb-p-Ifpw lZo-kp-Ifpw A-Snp

397

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tNm\pw CXp-aqew Ignp. Rm {]v Bcw-`n-p--tXm-sSmw apPm-ln-Zo {Sns Iogn-ep {]v \np-I-bm-bn-cpp. Cu
{]n-emWv Am-ev Aa-\m amkn-I-bpsS ASn \S-n-cpXv. ASn ]qn-bm-bm sIp-I tImgn-tm-tv Ab-p-Ibpw AhnsS \npw hcn-mv t]mp sN-ep-am-bn-cpp ]Xnhv.
^nj-dokv I-\n-Iv Bh-iy-amb Imkv \nm-W-n-\p Hcp t_mIvkv I-\nbpw {Sns Iogn \S-n-cpp. kmse
tkp-hns CtUm assd GPkokv Xs CXv hne-s-Sppw. Av I-\n-m-h-iy-amb t_mIvkp-I \Im Cu m]\-n\v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n. A{X-bv-[n-I-am-bn-cpp CtUm assd GPko-kns Bhiyw. kwKXn him CtUm assd
hyh-kmb cwKv XIsb t\cn-Sp-Ibpw kmte tkv km-n-I
ti-n-e-I-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX-tXmsS Cu m]-\-fpw bnp.
tkp-hns Npa-en-em-bn-cpp {Sns \S-nv `mcw Dm-bn-cp-sX-w. Hmdn-b {]ntgvkv hnm Xocp-am-\n--tm
Ad_n ssS]-v-k-v tkv kmln_v kk-_o-en\v kw`m-h-\-bmbn \In. Rm Bh-iy-s-SmsX \In-b-Xm-WnXv. C{X-tbsd \nkzm-ambpw ktm-j-tm-sSbpw Zo\n\p thn [\w sNehv sNbvX ]W-msc hfsc Ipdt F\nv ]cn-N-b-apq. {]m\w Xmn\n--tmgpw Xs GsX-nepw A`n-{]m-b- kwL-S-\-bn ASnt]n-m Atlw {ian--Xmbn F\n--dn-bn. ]ecpw [\w sNeh-gn-p-tm AXns ]cn-K-W\ Zpbm-hn Xs Cn-p-Xpw
Rm In-pv.
kk-_o \S-n-n-\p IqSp-X kuI-cy-fpw klm-b-fpw e`y-am-b-Xn\p ]pdsa asmcp t\hpw B lv bm{X-bn
Dmbn. tIc-f-nse Fs {]t_m-[-\-{]-h-\-v Zmdp
C^vXm-Cs HutZym-KnI AwKo-Imcw e`n-p-Ibpw Fs Ah-cpsS {]t_m-[-I-\mbn \nb-an-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. sNbam-\mb ssiJv
C_v\p _mkns {]tXyI Xm]cy {]Im-c-am-bn-cpp Cu \nb-a\w.
]no-Sp Fs {]h-\-v CXv henb Xmpw XW-ep-ambn. ssiJ-hIv Amlp al-mb {]Xn-^ew \Ip-am-dm-Is.
Fs tPmenbpw D-c-hm-Zn-hpw CtXmsS hnp. ]pXnb]-nbnse Cam-an-sbpw JX-z-o-_n-sbpw Npa-X-e-bn nc-ambn sImnbn Xs Ign-bpI Akm-[y-ambn. Cam-ans m\w Hgnp. AXv

398

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]n.Fw. A_vZp JmZn aue-hnsb G]np. JpXz-v_v shnbmgvN Fp apd-bn-embn. Ipsd Ign--tm AXpw ]men-m
Ign-bmsX hp. Atm IpSpw-_s hopw Xncqm-tv amn.
IqSmsX hjw-tXmdpw lv Imev kpDu-Zn-bn-tev t]mtI-Xmbpw hp. As\ JXz-o_v m\hpw Hgnp. Atm-gmWv
kn.]n. Da kpan Xm-\v \-ntbm-Kn-X-\m-bXv. Hcp hjw
Atlw Cu Npa-Xe \nd-thn. Hcp da-fm-\n ]q-ambpw Atlw ]pXn-b-]-n-bn Xs tkh\w An-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. da-fm\n Fm Znh-khpw Dbvv ]n-bn \-S-n-cp-- ]T-\-m-k-p-I
t{imXm-v Ghpw anI kZy-X-s-bm-bn-cpp.
amkn-I-bpsS A-Snbpw {]ns \S-npw ku-I-cy-{]-Z-am-m- {]-v- sI-n-S-n- X-s- l-ao-Zpw- Ip-Spw-_-hpw- Fs Bh-iy-{]Imcw Xma-k-am-n-bXv Cu {]h-\-n\v Gsd klm-b-I-ambn.
ASn-b--cm-h Cysb hcn-p-ap-dp-nb Ime-am-bn-cpp AXv.
Rm ln\v t]mbn. t]mIp-tm C_vdmlow kpsse-am tkv
kmln_v F\nv Hcp D]-tZiw \In. kpDu-Zn-bn \npw h
kw`m-h-\bpw Inn-bm IrXy-amb tcJ-tbmSv IqSntb \mn-tev
sImp-h-cmhq. {Um^vmbn Xs thWw. As\ Rm t]mbn.
Xncn-s-n-bXv sImn-bn-te-mWv. Av ]n-bnse Npa-Xe apgph-\mbn Hgn-n-n-m-bn-cpp. hcp hnhcw Adn-bn-X
- \
- p-kc
- nv `mcy
sImn-bn-se-n-bn-cpp.
hs-nb ]ntv fpl \a-kvImcw Ignv Fv.C. apl-Zv
_m_p tkp-hns ]nXmhv alqw lmPn Cum-lmPn A_vZp
km tkp- (Ino tkv)hns B^o-kn-tev Rm t]mbn.
]n-bpsS sXm-Sp-mWv B^okv. At-l-hp-ambn ImtW {]tXyI Bh-iy-ap-m-bn-cpp. Ipdp Ign--tm ]n-bn \nsm-cm Xnc-n-h-np ]dp. ""aue-hnsb ImWm \mn
\nv aqp-\mev Imdp-I-fn-embn Ipsd t] hn-pv'' Rm DSs\
sNp. Hcp henb kwLw ]n apv \np-pv. Bscbpw
apJ-]-cn-Nbw t]mep-an. ImgvN-bn km DtZym-K--m-cmsWv tXmn. ASpv sNv kzbw ]cn-N-b-s-Spn. Ah-cntmpw ]cn-N-b-s-Spn. Rm `b-p-t]mbn!- C-en-Pkv, Ft^m-gvkvsa v hn`m-K-n s] ]Xn-s\v DtZym-K-. bqWn-t^man-e-m t]meokv Hm^o-kamcpw Dm-bn-cp-p-shv tXmn.

399

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

an-hcpw ae-bm-fn-I-f. _wKm, t_mws_, Xan-gv\mSv kwm-\-fn \np--h. kwL-ns eoU ae-bm-fn-bm-bn-cpp.- Hcp
an... \mb. Xncp-h-\--]p-c-p-Im-c-\m-sWv ]noSv a\-nembn.
Fsbpw Xma-kn-p-n-Shpw t^mp-sIm-n-bn {]hn-p kk-_o {]pw ka-{K-amb ]cn-tim-[-\bvp hnt[-b-am-p-Xn-\p ASn-b-nc D-c-hns shfn--n h-Xm-bn-cpp
Ah.- Bh-iy-sap Im Fs DS Ad-n-emn "ank'
{]Imcw XS-hn-em-m-\p Pnm Ie-IvS-dpsS apIq hmdpw AhcpsS ]-ep-m-bn-cpp. ASn-b--cm-h--bn Pmay-an-m XShn\v "ank' Fv ]d-n-cpp. AXns apgp-h t] Cpw F\n-dn-bn. Rm Ah-scbpw Iqn Xma-k--e-tp \Sp. ]n
tImu-nse aZvd-k-bpsS Xmgv`m-Kv Xs-bmWv Xmakw. sRmSn-bn-S-bn Xma-k-ew Ah-cpsS he-b-n-embn. ]cn-tim-[\ XpSn. s]n-I, _mKp-I, ]pkvX-I-, Ip-I, Iodn-bn IS-emkp-I, InS-p s_pw AXns Iogv`m-Khpw Fp-th,
Hmtcm Cpw Acn-p- s]-dp-n-bp ]cn-tim-[\. ]pd-p-t]m-Im
A\p-hm-Z-an, ]pd-p-\nv Bpw Atmv IS-p-h-cm\pw
km[y-a. Rm D-`-Ww Ign-n-cp-n. AXn\pw A\p-hm-Z-an.
]n-ap-v t]mepw Bscbpw \nm k-Xn-p-n. Pohn-Xnse BZy A\p-`hw! ]pdv tdmUn \ncp InS-p hnIfpw AIs Zpcq-l-amb nXnbpw tNmZyw sN-s-Sm ASn-b-cm-h--bpsS `oXn-P-\-I-amb kml-N-cyhpw! Fmw-IqSn hmI- Fsm-stbm ]pdv ]c-n-cn-Ww.- tdmUn Bfp-I
IqSn-p-Sn. ]no-S-dn--XmWv. ASw ]d-n, Ipip-Ip-ipv,
s\Sp-hop-I! Fs KpW-Imw-n-I-fpsS apJv DI-WvTbpw
]cn-{`-ahpw. Ah-cpsS apJ- hmSn-bn-cn-pp. i{Xp--fpsS hZ-\-fn Xnfw. Ah Fs sImp-t]m-Ip-Xv ImWm AXymi-tbmsS \nan-j- Xn \op-I-bm-bn-cn-Ww.
]cn-tim-[\ XpS-cp-I-bmWv. Cwo-jn sdbvUv FmWv CXn\v
]d-bp--sXv AmWv a\-n-em-bXv. aWn-q-dp-I IS-p-t]mbn.
CS-nsS Ah Nne-sXmw tNmZn-pp. Rm Bh-iy-amb adp-]Snbpw \Ip-pv. Ah ]c-kv]cw ]d-bp--sXmpw F\nv a\n-em-Ip-n. Cwo-jnepw lnn-bn-ep-am-WXv. cpw F\n--dn-pIqSm. Akv \a-kvIm-c-n\v ka-b-am-b-tm A\p-hmZw \In-bn-

400

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

. Ap aWn-tbmsS GXm\pw t] Fsbpw Iqn Imdp-I-fn

{]n-tev ]mp. {]n laoZv t\cs hnh-c-a-dn-n-cpp.
AhnsS Imcy- Nn-s-Sp-n--s-bmWv. {]nse dnmUpIfpw Ip-I-fp-samw kqva-amb ]cn-tim-[-\v hnt[-b-amn.
{]v Au-n-tev lao-Zns t]cn-se-Sp cv {Um^vp-I
Rm h Znhkw Xs lao-Zns\ G]n-n-cpp. AXpw Ah
hmn-t\mn Ipdn-s-Spp. Fm-Wn-Xns Imc-W-sav F\nsmcp ]nSn-bp-an. ]cn-tim-[-\-I Ipsd \on-b-tm DtZym-K-mv Ftm-Sp kao-]-\-n Abhp hcp--Xmbn A\p-`h-sp. am\y-ambpw kvt\l-tm-sS-bp-sa-Xv ]noSv BZ-c-thm-sSbmbn Ah-cpsS s]cp-amw. As\ ]cn-tim-[\ Ignp. Ahv
Fs Hcp sbvvsa v IqSn thWw. ssIhn-d-b D-Xn-\m FgpXm asm-cm-fpsS klm-b-an-msX ]p-I-bn-sv Rm ]dp.
As\ _m_p tkp-hns Hm^o-kn \npw ]n.Fw. A_vZp
Ako-kns\ hcpn. B ka-bv Ahv Ftm-Sp BZ-chv
ad-\on ]pdv hp. BZyw F\nv ApXw Xs! Rm
Akz--\m-bn-cpp. ]s, Atijw ]pdv ImWn-msX ss[cyw
Ah-ew-_n-p-sImv Imcy- t\cnp. Amlp Ahs al-mb
Imcp-Wy-m F\nv ss[cyw \In-sb--XmWv kXyw. ]cn-tim[-\m-th-f-bn DtZym-K--m Xn Xn kwkm-cn-p-Xpw
]e Ip-Ifpw hmbnv ]c-kv]cw N sNp-Xpw Rm In-cpp. Fm-sWv F\nv Xncn-bp-I-bn-tm. Fs bm{Xm kw_-amb apgp-h hnh-c--fp-a-S-nb sbvvsamWv Ahv thXv.
Rm ]d-p-sIm-Spp. Akokv FgpXn. Hcp {]tXyI kw`hw
CXn-t\mSv tNv ]d-tb--Xpv. _m_p tkp-hns ]nXmhv Inotkv a-bn-tev F\nv Hcp I-b-n-cpp. ""Fs Nne ASp
_p- ln\v hn-pv. Ah-hnsS ss]k-bm-bntm
Am-sXtbm h klm-bhpw thn-h-m Ah \nsf tXSnhcpw. thXv sNWw. ss]k- Rm ChnsS \n-v- Xp-sImmw''
CXm-bn-cpp Iv. Ah hp. Ahv ]Ww Bh-iy-am-bn-cpp.
]Xn-\m-bncw cq]-bvp kpDuZn dnbm Rm sImSpp. tkvkm-ln_v ChnsS Fnb DSs\ ]Ww F\nv Xcn-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B Ipw ]Whpw Fs _mKn Dm-bn-cpp. ]cn-tim-[-\-bn
A-h AXv Is-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. IqSmsX asmcp Iv

401

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

^mdqJv tImtf-Pnse s{]m^-k-dm-bn-cp _ocm kmln-_n-t-Xmbn-cpp. Rv th-s Hcp bXo-amb s]Ip-n-bpsS hnhml-n-\p klm-bm-`y-\-bm-bn-cpp Inse hnjbw. AXpw
Ah-cpsS {i-bns]-n-cpp. sbvp-sans Ah-km-\-n
Ino tkp-hns Ipw AXns A\-c hnh-c-fpw Rm
Fgp-Xn. B Ipw kwJy-bp-amWv Ctm \n-fpsS In-ep-Xv
Fv Fgp-Xnb tijw Rm\n-{]-Imcw ]d-p-sIm-Spp. ""A\y-\mn- shv C{]-Imcw _pn-apv t\cn-Sp--h Fs kao-]n-p-Ibpw
Fs In ]W-ap-m-p-Ibpw sNp-tm Ahsc klm-bn-W-sa-mWv Fs aXw Fs ]Tn-n-p-Xv. AXv Rm sNbvXp.''
Atm kwLnse eoU ]dp, auehn kmln_v As\
Fgp-Xc
- pXv, AXv Ctm-gs kml-Nc
- y-n A]-IS- a
- mWv. F-]I
Sw Fp Rm tNmZnp. ""Xmv Duln-m Ign-bm ]e-Xpw''
Atlw adp-]Sn ]dp. Rm\msI hm Ipg--n-embn. Btem-Nnp. \nan-j-sImv Fs a\v Hcp Xocp-am-\-n-se-n.
Rm ]dp: ""As\ sN-W-sa-mWv Fs aXw Fs ]Tnnp-Xv. AXv Rm sNbvXp.'' F hmN-I-n-t-emWv {]iv-\w Fs-\nv a\-n-embn. ]s, B hmNIw amm ]n. AXn-s
t]cn hcm-hp GXp _pn-appw kln-m Rm Xm-dmWv. Atm Hcp kvXw`-\m-h--bp-mbn. Ah-cn ko\n-b-dm-b-h-cm-sWv tXmp Nne ]c-kv]cw NneXv kwkm-cnp. tijw eoU tNmZnp. ""icn, B hmN-I-n\v Xmsg Xmv thn Rm Hcp hmNIw ]d-p -sIm-Sp--stbm?-'' AXm-bn-tmfq F-v- Rm ]d-p.
As\ Atlw C{]-Imcw ]d-p- sIm-Spp. ""]s, Cym
Khsans Ctm-gs km-nI hn\n-ab \nb-a-{]-Imcw
CXv ]mSn-m--Xm-sWv F\nv Adn-p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p. Bb-Xn\m amv sN-W-sav At]-n-pp.'' Akokv AXv FgpXn.
FtmSv Hv shm Bh-iy-sp. sbv-vsa v ]qn-bmbn.
ChnsS Hcp Imcyw {]tXy-I-ambn \mw a\-n-em-t--Xpv. Fm
apI-cp-X-temSpw IqSn Fs sdbvUv sNm-s\-nb DtZym-K
hr-n Hscm apkvenapw Dm-bn-cp-n. kml-Ncyw \ap--dn-bmatm. ASn-b--cm-h--mew!- kzmX-{ym-\-c Cy-bnse BZym\p-`hw! tNmZyw sNm Ah-Im-i-an-m--hn[w tImS-Xn-I-sf-bpw
hnh-c- ]pdv hnSm Ign-bm--hw am[y-a--tfbpw ac-hn-n-

402

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-\nnb Hcp Xcw GIm-[n-]-Xy-am-bn-cpp ASn-b--cm-h--bn

\ne-\n-n-cp-Xv. Rm\m-sW-n Hcp Ckvem-anI {]t_m-[-I-.
kpDuZn Atd-_y-bp-ambn \nc-cw _-s-Sp Bfm-sWXn-\-v
Fs ]mkvt]mv Xs sXfn-hmWv. \o XmSnbpw Xe-m-hp-sams-bm-bn cq]-nepw `mh-nepw Hcp Xo{h-hm-Zntbm `oI-c-hm-Zntbm
B-m henb {]bm-k-sam-p-an. Rm\m-sW-n \nb-a-ZrjvSym
Ipw sNbvXn-pv. AXv Hcp Ip-am-sWv k-Xn-m-s\mv Rm
Xm-dm-b-Xp-an. Ah-cn-sem-cm-fp-ambpw F\nv ap]-cn-N-b-an. Fnpw A-h- Fs klm-bn-m Xm]cyw ImWn-p-I-bm-Wpm-bXv. Aap-kvenw-I-sfms Ckvem-an-sbpw apkvenw-I-fp-sSbpw
i{Xp--fm-sW-v hcp-n-op {]Nm-cW {]h-\
- f
- p-ambn
PohnXw Xpe-p--h Nnn-Ww,- Cy-bnse P\--fn alm-`qcn-]-hpw atX-Xc P\m-[n-]-Xy-hm-Zn-I-fm-sW kXyw! Cu kXyn-s\-Xn-cn \mw apJw Xncn-m hn A]-I-S-v AXv
Imc-W-amIpw. F-s bYm \ne B DtZym-K-v ]cn-tim-[\
thf-bn t_m[y-sp Fp--XmWv Imcyw. Cu A\p-{Klw Amlp-hn \npw {]tXy-I-ambn e`n--Xm-sW Imcyw Rm Ftmgpw AXoh \n-tbmsS kvacn-pp.
\S-]-Sn-{I-a- ]qn-bmbn. Ah ]n-ap--t-n-dn. kwLns Xe-h an. \mb FtmSv kuay-X-tbmsS ]d-bp-I-bmWv;
""auehn kmln_v R-tfm-sSmv tdmUn-te-n-d-n-hv Rsf
bm{X-bm-Ww.'' Rm B-cy-tmsS At-ls t\mn. Fs
apJv Hcp tNmZyw \ng-en-p-p-sv a\-n-em-b-Xp-sIm-m-bncnmw Atlw ]dp. ""]pdv [mcmfw Bfp-I IqSn \npp-tm. Ah-cn Dm-tb-m-hp sXn-m-c-W-I Hgn-hm-m
CXv klm-b-I-amIpw.'' Ah F\n-smcp o kn-^n-v \In
t]mIm-\mWv Dt-in-p--sXv a\-n-embn. Hcp cmPy-t{Zm-lnsb
th-bm-Sm AXns Fm Kuc-ht- m-sSbpw hs-nb B s]cpw
kwLw aWn-q-dp-I Fs Inf-p-a-dn tijw aS-p-I-bmWv,Ip-k--X-ns apJ-`m-h-tmsS. ]pdv IqSn-bn-p kaq-ltmSpw AXv t_m[y-s-Sp-m Ah B{K-ln-p-I-bmWv. Rm
dns\ kvXpXnp. Alw-Zp-en-mlv! ""Amlp t]msc Ahs
ASn-av'' F hnip Jp-B-\ns tNmZyw Fs lrZ-b-`n-n-Isf {]I-\w sImn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. GXv ]co--W-L--nepw

403

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hc-Sn-av Ahs bYm bP-am-\-\mb Amlp aXn-bm-b-h-\msW Jp-Bs Adn-bnv Rm A\p-`-hn--dnp. Rm B \

a\p-jy-t\mSv ]dp. ""\apv ChnsS \np-Xs ]ncnbmw. sXnm-c-W-I AI-m \ Ccp-Iq-cpw {]b-Xv\n-mepw Ign-bn.
ssZh-k-lm-b-m Fmw Xms\ \on-sm-p-sav Rm Binpp. Ctm Xs Fs \a-kvImc kabw IW-n-tesd sshIn-bn-cn-p-I-bmWv. ASp \a-kvImc kabw ASp-p-I-bmWv. Rm
]n-bn-tev Ib-ds.'' an. \mb Fs ssIv ]nSnp: ""auehn
kmln_v, Rm apXv hj--fmbn HutZym-KnI PohnXw \bn-pp. Cu Ime-b-f-hn Xm-sf-tmse Hcmsf Cs\ _pn-ap-n-Xv
CXm-Zy-am-bn-mWv. an-Ww.- G]n-s- Uyqn \n-ln--Watm. \n-fpsS kaq-l-ns] Nne Unmp-san\v \Inb
Nne cl-ky-hn-h-c--fmWv Cu sdbvUn\p ImcWw. IW- ]Whpw
kzhpw \n IS-n-sm-p-h-n-pv FmWv sat-Pv!
\n-sf-tm-ep Hcmv C{Xbpw {Iqc-m-cmb i{Xp-tfm? Xm ssZhm-\p-{K-l-ap--h-\m-sWv Rv a\-n-embn. shcn
shcn tkmdn!-''- ssI]n-Snp Ipepn kvt\l-]qw Atlw ]nhmn. ]ndsI Hmtcm-cp--cmbn bm{X ]dp. Rm\pw Gsd hnImc-`-cn-X-\mb Hcp k`-am-bn-cpp AXv. Hcp ZpLS Ime-L--nse
AXn-Kp-cp-X-c-amb ]co-Ww. dns A]m-c-amb ImcpWyw sImp am{X-amWv Av Rm c-s-Xv. CXn-s\mw Fs cp
kplr-p- am{X-amWv kmn-I. F.F. laoZv (sImn), ]n.Fw.
A_vZp Akokv (J).- ASn-b--cm-h-v tijw Fs Cu
^b Fs-t-p-ambn tmkv sNm Fs {]nb--c-\mb kplrpw ZoL-Imew o- a{n-bp-am-bn-cp Ahp-m-Z Ipn \l
kmln_pw Fs {]m\ t\Xm-hm-bn-cp-- kmse apl-Zv tkpw
]cn-{i-anp. Amlp Ahv Al-amb {]Xn-^ew \In A\p{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is.
Cu kw`-h-s-p-dnv Npgn--t\z-jn Fs Nne kplr-pv ]noSv e`n hnhcw Nne Pam-As Ckvem-an-m Hn
sIWn-bm-bn-cpp CsX-mWv. bmYmyw Am-lp-hn--dnbmw.
Bcm-bmepw Cu {Iqc-amb A[mn-I-X-bn-tev Ahsc t{]cn-n
LS-I-amWv IW-n-se-Sp-t-Xv. F\nv ZrV-ambn t_m[y-s
kXyw Rm Dds ]dp. AXv P\--fn-se-n-m Fm-em-

404

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ipw-hn[w bXv\np. CXv am{X-amWv sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn--p-Xpw. i{Xpv Bi-b-]-c-ambn, \ymb-amb \ne-bn Fs HXp-m Ignbn-sv t_m[y-s--tm Ahv Ign-bp-Xv Ah sNbvXp!F{X-sb{X A\p-`-h-!!
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

49
]Sn-msd ]nbpw ]pt-Sn akvPnZpw
cpw ke^n akvPn-Zp-If
- mWv. ]Sn-msd]n sImn amtcn
I-e-n-apv PwKvj-\n nXn sNpp. ]n-tbm-S-p- _--s-v
sNdn-sbmcp J_m-\pv. Ctm AXns t]cv akvPn-Zp
apPm-ln-Zo FmWv. apX-hn kmse apl-Zv tkp-hns ktlmZ-c alvaqZv C_vdmlow tkv. CXv apPm-ln-Zp-I \nn ]n-b. hne-sIm-Spp hmn-b-XmWv. am-tcn tImm-d-ap-n Xmaknn-cp Hcp t{Imdn hym]mcn Fw.sI.Fkv. A_q-_- lmPn-bmWv ]n FSp-Xv. Atlw henb ]W-m-c-\m-bn-cpp. [mcmfw
hoSp-I-fpsS kap--b-amb At-l-ns `qkzv Fw.sI.Fkv. ]dv FmWv Adn-b-s-Sp-Xv. A_q-_- lmPn-bpsS ac-W-tijw
]n-bpsS apX-hn At-l-ns _p-hm-bn-cpp. ]n-bp-ambn
bmsXmcp lrZ-b_
-
- h
- p-an-m aZy-]m-\nbpw ZpamKn-bp-am-bn-cp-phs{X Cbm. As\ ]n-bpsS ]cn-]m-e\w \ne-p-Ibpw \a-kvImcw Cm-Xm-I-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A-v am-tcn apkn-m-en-n-bpsS
sshkv sNbam-\m-bn-cp lmPn kn.Fw A_q-_- (A_p-lmPn
Fp hnfnpw) sImn-bnse ]g-b-Ime ke-^nbpw ka\pw
[oc-\p-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns kahpw X{-]-c-hp-amb \on-eq-sS-bmWv Cu akvPnZv apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS In hXv. apX-hnv Hcp kwJy \In AXv hnev hmn. sImn-bnse BZy-Ime
ke-^n-bm-bn-cp _mh-pn lmPn-bmWv kwJy-sIm-Sp-Xv. Innv thn At-l-ns t]cn AXv cPn--dmn hmp-Ibpw
sNbvX-Xm-bn-m-Wv- A-dnhv. Ctlw am-tcn _km-dnse t`Z-s
Hcp {^qSvkv hym]m-cn-bm-bn-cpp. BZi-hn-tcm-[-m Nne A{I-anI \a-kvIm-c-th-f-bn Atlw kpPq-Zn InS-p-tm ITmc D]tbm-Knv h[n-m {ian kw`hw Dm-bn-pv. dns A\p-{K-l-

405

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m A]mb kqN\ Innb Atlw A{I-ansb ]nSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw

A]-I-S-n \npw tamNn-X-\m-Ip-I-bp-ap-mbn. _mh-p-n lmPn
[oc\pw `-\p-amb apPm-ln-Zm-bn-cpp. Amlp At-l-ns
k{]-hn-I kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw ]c-tem-Iv Al-amb {]Xn^ew \Ip-Ibpw sNp-am-dm-Is.
]n HmSv ta sIn-S-am-bn-cpp. kmse apl-Zv tkp-hmWv
]noSv AXv ]pXpn ]Wn-XXv. B_mZv IpSpw-_hpw AXns hn]peo-I-c-W-n \ ]v hln-n-pv. ]n apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ssIhiw hcp-tm AXns aph-iv N-\
- ncn ]pI-bn-n-p HcpJ_-dns FSp-p-m-bn-cpp. ApJ_ Fm-Ws{X AX-dn-bs-n-cp-Xv. Cu inns Nnw DSs\ Hgn-hm-n-bn-s-n `mhnA]-I-S-I-chpw A]-am-\-I-c-hp-am-bn-o-cp-sav a\-n-em-nb A_plm-Pnbpw ]m{X-m-c Aen--bp-samw tNv AXv s]mfn-p-\on. Ah-scm-sbpw Fn\pw t]m-h-cm-bn-cpp. ]s, ]d-b- Hp-ap-m-bn. Fs injy-\m-bn-cp kmenlv aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp
AhnsS BZy JXz-o-_m-bXv. Atlw apPo-ln-Zo sslkvIq-fnse
Ad_n Aym-]-I-\p-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns ]Xv\nbpw AhnsS
Xs So-dm-bn-cpp. (kmenlv auehn ac-W-spFUn-) As\ ]Sn-msd]n akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo Bbn-op. in-nsbpw _nZv-A-n-tbpw he-b-n \npw hnip `h-\s
cn-p-Ibpw AXv aptJ\ ]cn-kc {]tZ-i-p A\-h[n a\p-jysc Jpdm-^m-n \npw tamNn-n-p-hm- bXv\n-p-Ibpw sNbv-X
alm-m-cmb hyn-Ipw ]nsb kwc-n-p-Ibpw ]cn-]m-enp- I bpw sNp hnin- j v S - c mb kplr- p- pw Amlp
kzK-n Db ]Z-hn-I \In A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

50
_-p IpSpw_ ]c-c
Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]pt-Sn ke^o- akvPnZv sX tIc-f-ns
{]h\ tI{-am-Wn-tm. Fv.C. apl-Zv _m_p tkv Ctm AXns apX-h-n-bmWv. Rm ]p{Xhm-ey-tmsS kvt\ln-

406

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p Cu bphm-hns IpSpw_w tIc-f-ns ke^o- Ncn-{X-nse {]Im-in-p Hcp hnf-mWv. sImn ]pXn-b-]-n-bn \nv
B Ncn{Xw Bcw-`n-pp. Ctm ^e-k-ar--amb Hcp hS-hrw
t]mse kap-Zm-b-n\v Cu IpSpw_w Xmpw XW-ep-ambn \npp. alq-w A_vZp lmPn BZw tkv Fv alm-m-hn \nv
Bcw-`n Ncn{Xw Ap Xe-ap-d-I ]nnp Ignp. ke^o ]mc-cy-ns {]Imiw IqSp-X tim`-tbmsS Cpw Ah Imp-kqn-p-I-bmWv. G-dp-I hnkvXo-ap hnim-e-amb ssaXm-\nbnse tdmU-cn-In-emWv ]n nXn sNp-Xv. Ctm hnim-e-amb
]dv hnhn[ m]-\--fpsS sInS kap--ba-- mWv. Zmdp Deqw
sslkvIq, shmt-j-W lb skUdn kvIq, Zmdp
Deqw Ad-_n-tm-tfPv, sImn bXow-Jm\, Zmdp Deqw aZvdk XpSnb hnZym-`ymk Poh-Im-cpWy m]-\- Ghpw sa-s
\ne-bn ChnsS {]hn-pp. _m_p-tk-ns {]nb amXmhv
JZoPm_mbn kmln_ hJ^v sNbvXXpw JZo-Pm-_mbn {Sn\p Iogn- \ne-\np t]mcp--Xp-amb Cu ehpw m]-\-fpw Hcp
{]tXy-I-amb In-n-bpsS `c-W-n-emWv. AXns sNbam
_m_p-tk-phpw sk{I-dn Xzmln tkp-hp-amWv. tPyjvTm-\p-P-mcpsS a-fm-Wn-h. kvIqfn-sbpw Ad-_n-tm-tf-Pn-sbpw amt\-P
_m_p tkv Xs.
A\p-{Klo-X-amb Cu IpSpw-_-s-p-dnv Adn-tb-Xv hfsc
Bh-iy-amWv. Ch-sc-p-dnv Fgp-Xm Hcp-p-tm Jp-B-\nse
Hcp hN\w Fs lrZ-b-n Hmfw shp-I-bmWv. ""\n-b-ambpw
Amlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn \npw Ah-cpsS Bm--sfbpw apXep-Is
- fbpw hne-s-Sp-n-cn-pp,- kzKw Ahv ]Icw \ImsW Icm-dn''.- (Xu_).- Amlp {]Jym-]n Cu I-h-Ss
A\z-am-nb Hcp al-mb IpSpw-_-]-c--c-bm-Wn-sXv Fs
a\v a{n-pp. hkvXp-X-I a\-n-em-p GsXmcp hnizm-knpw CtX A\p-`hw Dm-Im-Xn-cn-p-I-bp-an. GXmv ]tmfw
[-m-]-\--fpsS hn kzv hI-I Ctm Cu IpSpw-_ns \S-n-n-epv. sImn-bnepw Fd-Wm-Ip-f-p-ambn PpapA
\S-p \mep akvPn-Zp-I Cu {Sp-I-fpsS Iogn-epv. am-tcn
_km-dnse A\-h[n ]mn-I-im-e-I Cu IpSpw_ {Sp-I-fn

407

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hJ^v sN-s--h-bmWv. am-t-cn-bnse {]kn--amb Bky-_mbn

Cwojv aoUnbw sslkvIq Cu IpSpw-_-ns Npa-X-e-bn
Xs \S-p-h-cpp. F{Xtbm tImSn-I hne-a-Xn-p kzp-h-lI-fmWv Cu IpSpw_ {Sp-I-fpsS A[o-\-X-bn-ep--sXv Adn-bptm-gmWv apI-fn Ipdn-n Jp-B hN-\-ns A-hym-]vXnbn-tev \psS hnNm-c- sNs-p-Xv. CXn\v ]pdsa [mcmfw
akvPn-Zp-I--pw m]-\---pw Ch \Inb kw`m-h-\-I
IW---XmWv. Hmtcm hjhpw Cu [m]-\--fpsS kzph-l-I-fn-eqsS hmS-I-bn-\-n hp IqSp e--fpsS hcp-am\w
Zo\n-tbpw kap-Zm-b-n-sbpw s]mXp-hmb Bh-iy-pw kzw m]-\--fpsS ]cn-]m-e-\-n\pw kap-Zm-b-nse \ncm-ew-_cm-b-hpw thn D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-pp. apdn-p- t]m-ImsX XpScp Cu [w Ctm Amw Xe-ap-d-bn-tev hp-tNn-cnp-p. hmJn-^p-I-fpsS \njvI-f--amb Dt-iy-e-y- ta-tbdnb \ne-hm-c-n Xs Cu IpSpw-_-irw-J-e-bn `{Z-ambn ImWs-Spp. Ftmgpw Zo\n-\p-thn Nnnpw {]hnpw Ckvem-anI
kwkvIm-c-ns Xnf-p Nn--fmbn Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eqsS Ch
Pohnp. Ah-cpsS hnImc hnNm-c-fpw kpw Ckvem-an-\p-thn Ah Anp. Hcp \qm-n-te-sd-bmbn A_vZp lmPn BZw
tkv AhI-fpsS IpSpw-_-]-c-c- al-mb Ah-cpsS X\na
\ne-\nn-tm-cp-I-bmWv. X-fpsS i-co-c-hpw kpw ]c-temIv kzK-n\v ]I-c-ambn Am-lp-hn\v Ah hnn-cn-pp.
A_vZpm lmPn BZw tkp-hns ]p{Xn Bkym-_mbn kmln_, (_m_p Xzmln tkp-am-cpsS ]nXm--fpsS amXmhv) Ah-cpsS
aq aI Ino tkp-hns ]Xv\n JZo-Pm-_mbn (_m_p-hns
amXmhv) Fn-h Cu IpSpw-_-]-c--c-bnse kv{XocXv\--fmWv.
Bkym-_m-bn-bpsS `mhv A_vZp--m tkv XnI `\-pw
Hcp kq^n {]Ir-X-\p-am-bn-cpp. Zpbm-hns sIp-]m-Sp-I-fn \nIv C_m-Z-p-I-fn kZm Cgp-In-tp PohnXw \bn B
alm ]pcp-js ]Xv\o ]Z-n hncm-Pn Bkym-_mbn kap-Zm-bnse h\n-X-I-fpsS hnZym-`ymk ]ptcm-K-Xnbn-e-pw Poh-Im-cpWy {]h-\
- nepw D- kPoh {i-bn PohnX-km-^-e-yw Isn.
s]Ip-n-Iv- Fgppw hmb-\bpw \njn-a
- m-nb kap-Zmbn-

408

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]utcm-ln-Xy-ns hne-p-I Ah-K-Wn-p-sImv s]Ip-nIv am{X-ambn kv{XoI Aym-]\w \S-p Hcp al-mb
hnZym-ebw BZy-ambn Bcw-`n-Xv Bkym-_mbn kmln_ Xs-bmbn-cpp. AXmWv sImn-bnse k\m\m aZvdk Ckvem-an.- kqW-amb ku-P\y hnZym-`ym-k-am-bn-cpp CXn-eqsS \In-bn-cp-Xv.
Jp-B- ]T-\-tm-sSmw DdpZp `mjbpw Ckvem-anI I-imkv{Xhpw kvIq kne-_kv {]Im-c-ap ae-bmfw, IWv XpSn
ap hnj-b-fpw ChnsS ]Tn-n--sp. s]a-sf kvIqfnepw
aZvd-k-bnepw Ab-m sshapJyw ImWn-n-cp cn-Xm--fpsS
a\-p-Iv am-ap-mbn. s]Ip-n-Iv thn am{X-ambn
s]p- am{Xw ]Tn-n-p Bob `uXnI hnZym-`ymk m]\w! Am-ev CXv Hc-pX hnj-b-am-bn-cpp. sImn-bnse
Bbn-c--W-n\v kv-{XoI Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn ChnsS \npw kmam-\yamb hnZy t\Sn. Jp-B\pw Aa-en-bmpw Ah ]Tnp. ae-bmfw
Fgp-Xm\pw hmbn-m-\pw Ah ioenp. IW-p-I AXym-hiyw
Iqm\pw Ingn-m\pw m\w t\Sn. apkvenw kv{XolrZ-b--fn
I-]n-Snp InS-n-cp A-Im-c--fn-tev shfnw hoin. ]nmev Cwojv A-c-am-ebpw kzw t]cv Cwo-jn Fgp-Xm\pw
sImp-sImp hmp-I Iqn hmbn-m\pw ]Tn-n-n-cpp. Cu aZvdk-bn Fs kplrv F.F. lao-Zns {]nb-am-Xmhv alqw
ssk\_ So \o \m-]Xv hj- ae-bmfw So-dmbn tkh\-a-\p-jvTn-n-pv. al-m-b Cu aZvdk
- b
- psS m]I Bkn-bm_mbn XpS-n-sh hnZym-`ym-k kwcw`w Ah-cpsS sNdp-a-I _m_ptk-ns amt\-Pvsan Cwo-jv aoUnbw sslkvIq-fmbn hfv
]- e n- n- c n- pp. Bgv N - b n- s em- c n- Bkym- _ mbn kzw
aZvdk kin-p-Ibpw Ipn-I-pw Aym-]-Ipw sImpsImp kw`m-h-\-I \Ip-Ibpw ]Xn-hm-bn-cpp Fv Rm tInpv. `uXnI hnZym-`ymkw t\Sn-bn-n-m B al-Xn-bpsS a\v
Cp ImWp DX hnZym-k---tc-m F{Xtbm ]ptcm-K-an-Xm-bn-cpp. am{X-a, Am-lp-hns Xr]vXnsb am{Xw Imwn-psImv Ah {]hnp. kv sNe-h-gnp. B m]-\-ns kwc--W-n-mbn Xs kzv hl-I Zm\w sNbvXp-sImv k\m\m aZvdk Ckvem-an {Sv m]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Amlp Akym-_mbn kmln-_sb ]c-tem-Iv DX ]Z-hn-bn

409

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

BZ-cn--s-Sp--h-cn Ds-Sp-p-am-dm-Is.
JZo-Pm-_mbn Ambnb--bpsS ]mX ]np-Sp. ]pXnb]nbpsS apX-h-n-bmbn ZoL-Imew tkh-\-an A_vZp-Xz-o^v
tkp-hns GI ]p{Xn-bmWv JZo-Pm-_mbn. henb [m\m-Vy\pw `\p-am-bn-cp At-l-ns hn kzp-h-l-I JZo-Pm-_m-bn-bntev hp-tNp. Bkn-bm-_m-bn-bpsS aq aI Ino tkv
Ahsc hnhmlw sNbvXp.- tNtc-n-Sv tNp F sNmp-t]mse A\z-am-bn-cpp B Z-Xn-I. JZo-Pm-_mbn Xs k-X
kap-Zm-b-ns s]mXp kzmbn IW-mn. Ah-cpsS kzp-I
\ntem-`-ambn Zo\n\v thn Zm\w sNbvXp. `m-hns k-Xhpw
t{]mm-l-\hpw Ahv in-bmbn Xs \ne-sImp. JZo-Pm_mbn Xs a\pw kpw Amlp {]Jym-]n I-h-S-n-tev aqe-[-\-ambn \nt-]n-p-sImv kzKw ]Icw hmm sImXnn-cp-p-shv Ah-cpsS PohnXw sXfn-bn-pp. Amlp AXv
Ahv \Ip-am-dm-Is. ]n, aZvdk, kvIq XpS-nb m]-\mbn Ah Xs kzp- hJ^v sNbvXp. am-tcn
apPm-ln-Zo Hmdn-b sslkvIq-fn\p thn Ah \Inb ssaXm\w Ncn{Xw Dd-m-Xn-cn-p e-amWv. F{X-sb{X apPm-lnZv
kt-f-\- AhnsS \Sp. ]Xn-m-p-I-fmbn AhnsS CuZvKmlp-I \S-pp. e--W-n-\m-fp-I AhnsS \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw Xulo-Zns Dt_m-[-\- {ihn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B ssaXm-\n-bn-en-cpp P\-e-- dn-t\mSv {]mnp. Xulo-Zns
i_vZ-ap-J-cn-X-amb {Kumbn AXn-tmgpw kPo-h-amWv. km[p-v klm-b-I-ambn JZo-Pm-_mbn Nmcn-okv F Hcp [ m]\w Xs \ne-hn-epv. tImSn-I hne-a-Xn-p kzp-h-l-I
Dsm-p [--m-]-\-!
kzlm_n h\n-X-Isf A\p-kva-cn-n-p kv{Xo cXv\--fmWv
Bkym-_mbnbpw JZo-Pm-_mbnbpw. Ch apI-fn D-cn Jp-B hN-\-ns al-Xz-]q-amb ]cn-[n-bn Ds-Sp--h-cm-sW-v
Bin-m Gsd hI-bpv. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s! alm\pw
]cn-jvIm-hp-amb IpSpw-_--e-h A_vZpm lmPn BZw tkp-hns km-\-]-c--c-I kXy-\n-jvT-tbmSpw \nkzm-ambpw
hn kv Dsm-p Ah-cpsS [-m-]-\- ]cn]m-en-p-Ibpw ]cn-t]m-jn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv kap-Zm-b-n-

410

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\v amXr-I-bmbn Pohn-pp. ac-W-s-p-t]m-b-hcpw Pohn-n-cn-p-h-cp-amb Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_m-Zn-Iv HuZm-cy-hm-\mb Amlp almb {]Xn-^ew \Is. C\nbpw Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eqsS Cu \-bpsS
\ocp-dh Hgn-In-sm-n-cn-s.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

51
\ncp-]m-[n-I-amb AX
1972 s^{_p-h-cn-bn Rm sImn ]pXnb]n-bn JXz-o_pw
Cam-ap-ambn Npa-X-e-tbp. Atm sImn akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo-\n
JXz-o-_mbn tkh\w sNbvXn-cp-Xv sImbn-emn kztZ-inbpw
Fs kvt\ln-X-\p-am-bn-cp Sn.hn. sambvXoIpn aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw I-i-\mb XuloZv t]mcm-fn-bm-bn-cpp. Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]pt-Sn ke^n akvPn-Zn ]pfn- kztZin ]n.hn. Ipnsam-bvXo aue-hnbpw JXz-o-_mbn Npa-X-e-bn-epv. At-l-ns
aq ktlm-Z-c ]n.hn. apl-Zv auehn Fs ASp kplr-mbn-cpp. Hcp ]WvUnX IpSpw-_-amWv Ah-cp-tSXv. ke-^n-I-fpsS IpSpw_w. Fm Ipn--sam-bvXo auehn Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS kPoh {]h-I\pw Fd-Wm-Ipfw taJ-e-bnse kwLm-S-I-\p-ambn-cpp. _m_p-tk-p-hns ]nXmhv Inn-tk-p-hmWv ]pt-Sn akvPn-Zns apX-hn. ]c--cm-K-X-amb Cu ke^o- IpSpw-_-ns NpaX-e-bn-ep ]n-bn-se JXz-o_pw aZvd-k-bpsS kZ apZcnkpw
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS hm-hmbn h-sX--s\-sbv hmb-\m Ap-X-s-Sp-p-mIpw. \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo\pw Pam-As
Ckvem-anbpw BZi-]-c-ambn hfsc s]mcp--ap kwL-S-\-I-fmsWv sXn--cn--s Hcp Imew Ign-p-t]m-bn-pv. am{X-a,
IqSp-X hnim-ehpw XmXzn-I-hp-amb BZi {]Xn-_-X ]men-p
Hcp tZiob {]m-\-sa \ne-bnepw Pam-A-ns\ IW-m-n-hn-cpp. akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo JXz-o-_m-bn-cp Sn.hn. sambvXo
Ipn aue-hnbpw Pam-As Ckvem-ansb Cu \ne-bn hne-bn-cpp-Xv Ahv IqSp-X klm-b-I-ambn. Bkym-_m-bn-bpsS sNdpa-f
- pw Zo\o\njvT-bn henb B`n-apJyw ]pen-bn-cp--h-cp-amb
Du-kz-e-cmb bphm-, _m_p Xzmln tkp-am Pam-As

411

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ckvem-an-bpsS kq tkh-\-m-cmbn {]hn-p-Ibpw sNp Ime-am-bn-cpp AXv. AXp-sIm-p- Xs sImn-bnse {]kn-amb k\m\m aZvd-k-bpsS tat\m--m-cmbn Hcp Pam-Av Z-Xn-IfmWv Npa-Xe \n-ln-n-cp-Xv. As\ sam-n Hcp Pam-Av A\p-Iqe XcwKw Ae-b-Sn-p kml-Ncyw \ne-\np--Xns H \Sp-hn-te-mWv Rm sNp NmSn-bXv. CsXmw t\cs
I-dn-p-sImv Xs-bmWv Rm Cu Npa-X-e-tbm Xm]cyw ImWn-Xv. Pam-Apw apPm-lnZpw Hp-Xs Fv [cn-n-s {]Xn-Iqe kml-Ncyw. BZi-]-c-ambn sshcp-y-ap cp
{]m-\--sf-p-dnv Ccw sXmb Hcp [mcW \ne-\np-nSv Fs _m[yX hfsc hnj-a-I-c-am-sWv Adn-bm-am-bn-cpp.
""{]bm- k - n- t \m- s Sm- ta Ffp- - a p- mIq.'' F Jp- B - \ ns
ktiw Fs ss[cy-s-Spn.
Rm ISa \n-ln-m, Btem-Nnv kabw If-n. FtmsSmw Bcpv Fv Hcp ks \S-m\pw Hcp-n-bn. Fs NpaX-eb
- n hp tN an-dn-eqsS Xulo-Zns bYm apJw P\v shfn-hm-n-sm-Sp-m Rm {iaw Bcw-`np. Fv shnbm-gvN-I-fn-embn ^mXznl kqd-ns A-hym-Jym\w \Sn.
JpXz-v_-bnepw ap mk-p-I-fnepw Pam-A-ns ISp BZihy-Xnbm-\s A-anp Rm hnh-cn-p-sIm-n-cpp. AtXmsS ke^n
B`n-ap-Jy-ap a\-p-I BSn-bn-fIn. [mcmfw t] ]Tn-m
aptm-p- hp. BZi sshcpyw t_m[y-s apPm-lnZv kplr-p Fs kl-Im-cn-I-fmbn. Ah-cpsS Fw {ItaW hn-php. AtXmsS Pam-Av tI{-v hnd-fn-]n-Snp. _m_p, Xzmln tkp-am-cpsS ]np-W-tbmsS Fs ]n-bn \npw ]pd-mm Hfnpw sXfnpw {ia- Bcw-`np. Atm-sgmw F\nv Xmmbn \nXv alqw sskZvIpn lmPn-bm-bn-cpp. apX-hn-bmb A_vZp lmPn Al-Zv tkphpw F\nv henb ]np-WbmWv \In-bXv. apkvenweo-Kns kPoh i{Xp-hmb Pam-A-n-s\
ASn-m-\-]-c-ambn hnain-p--Xnepw Ah-tcm-Sp P\--fpsS
A-amb B`n-ap-Jys Zqco-I-cn-p--Xnepw eoKv t\Xm-hmb
A_vZp tkp-hn\v AXoh Xm]cyw Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-Xv Hcp
hkvXp-X-bmWv. {Sv In-n-bn F\n-s-Xn-cn-ep i_vZ-n\v
in hn--tm-sgms A_vZp tkv GI-\mbn \nv {]Xn-tcm-

412

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

[n-Xv F\n--dnbmw.
]n.hn. Ipn-sam-bvXo auehn Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]pt-Sn akvPnZv
tI{-amn F\n-s-Xn-cn ]e X{-fpw sa\p. _m_p- tkphpw Xmln tkphpw At-l-n\v in- ]-I-cp cp XqWp-Ifm-bn-cpp. ImcWw, {Sv IpSpw-_m-Zn-I-fn Zo\o-cw-Kv kPo-h-ambn
{]hn-p kkz-`m-hn-Ifpw hn\-bm-\zn-X-cp-amb cp bphm-fm-bn-cpp Ch. Pam-As Ckveman kXy-k-q-amb Hcp
{]m-\-am-sWv [cn-p-h-imb Ch-cpsS \njvI-f-X icnpw
Ah apX-se-Sp-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. apPm-lnZv {]m-\-nse ]WvUnX-m-cn Rm am{X-amWv Pam-A-ns i{Xp-hmbn cwK-p-sXv Bfp-Isf sXn--cn-n-p-hm ]e X{-fpw Pam-Av
tI{- Bhn-jvI-cnv ]pdp hnn-cpp. AXns] Hcp {][m\
{]h\w hn {]Nm-c-th-e-tbmsS Rm sImn-bn-se-nb
Amw amk-n Xs Ah \Sn. hnZymn bph-P\ \man sImn-bn {]hn-n-cp Hcp Pam-Av D]-{K-l-am-bncpp sF.Fkv.ssh.F. F kwL-S\. Ah Pam-A-ns tI{
t\Xr-Xz-ns clky \nt-i-{]-Imcw Hcp Nm kt-f-\-n\v
hw-Iqn. \njv]--a-Xn-I-fpsS apJw-aq-Sn-b-Wn-p-sIm-mWv Ah
cwKv hXv. 72 Pq 4\v ]pXn-b-]n aZvdkm lmfn shv Hcp
Nm kt-f\w \S-m Ah ]-Xn-bnp. hnjbw C_m-Zv.
Fs Ah AXn-tev Wnp. Ah-cpsS Dtiy \nKq-VX
F\nv t_m[y-am-bn-cpp. ]s, Rm k-Xnp. F\nv Da
t_m[y-ap BZi-ns kXyw shfn-hm-m e`n-p Ahkcw Xn-f
- b
- m Fns t]cn-em-bmepw Rm Hcp-a
-
- m-bn-cpp.
AhnsS hnPb ]cm-P-b- Rm IW-p-Iq-m-dn. X{--sfp-dnv Xe-]p-I-m-tem-Nn-m-dp-an. Btem-N-\-bn-m FSp-pNm--ambn Fs kplr-p- ]e-tmgpw Cu \ne-]m-Sns\ Bt]n-n-pv. Da auehn Btem-N-\-bn-msX t]mbn Xe-sh-p-sImSpv hj-fmbn Fp-hsc ]ecpw ]d-n-pv. Rm CXn-s\mpw
{]Xn-I-cn-m-dn. CXns] Hcp {][m\ kwK-Xn-bm-bn-cpp ta
]d Nm kt-f\w. Rm appw ]npw t\mmsX kXnp. Ah- hnPb`mh-n Xs {]N-cWw \on.
Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn-bnse hnhn[ `mK--fn \nv Ah-cpsS A\p`m-hn-Isf kwL-Sn-nv tbmK-n lmP-cm-p-hm {]h\w

413

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

XpSn. apPm-lnZv {]m-\-nse ]WvUn-X-hyq-l-n Pam-Ans\ FXnp--h-cmbn Bcp-an Fv sXfn-bn--em-bn-cpp

Ah-cpsS {]Y-a-amb Dtiyw. As\ Fs H-s-Spn ImWnv
hj-fm-p-I-sb-Xv cm-a-sXpw. Fmw Rm apIqn a\-nem-n-bn-cpp. Fs hyn-]-c-amb tatbm hj-f-tam Hcp
{]iv\-ambn Rm In. ImcWw Fm-n-tbpw DS-a- Amlp-hm-Wtm. Ah \n-bn-p-tX \Sq. Ah-cpsS BZys
Dtiyw XII-W-sav F\nv Bi-b-p-mbn. Fs {]m\w
Ftm-sSm-n-sv sXfn-bn--s-Sp-Xv Fs {]h-\-n\v
`w-Kw Dm-p-atm. AXn-\m hnhcw ImWn-p-sIm-p Hcp
Iv Xm-dmn lao-Zns\ Rm hf-h-q-cn-tev Abp. F.]n.
A_vZp JmZn auehn Av Akm Ad-_n-tIm-tf-Pn Aym]-I-\m-bn-cpp. F.]n. CXn ]s-Sp--Wsa--m-bn-cpp Fs
B{Klw. ]s, Atlw lao-Zns\ FS-h--bnse PmanA \Zvhn-bn, F. Aehn aue-hn-bpsS ASp- Abp. sNv hnhcw
]dp. Atlw B tbmK-n kw_-n-m-sav k-Xnp.
\Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zos s\Spw-Xq-Wmb {]K ]WvUn-X Aehn
auehn kXw \In-b-tXmsS Pam-A-p-Im-cpsS Ip{]-Nm-c-tWmtiyw BZyta- XIp. ASp {]iv\w akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo
JXz-o_v Sn.hn. sambvXoIpn aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw PamAv A\p-`m-hn-bm-sWv {]N-cn-n--s-n-cpp. auZq-Zn-bpsS lpqas Cemln F ap{Zm-hm-Iys ]tcm--ambn ]np-W-p
Nne JpXz-v_-I Atlw \S-n-sb-mWv ]d-b-s-Xv. Atm
F\nv Hcp Btem-N-\-bp-mbn. sambvXo Ipn aue-hnsb Cu
tbmK-n apPm-lnZv ]-ns hm-hmbn ]s-Sp-n-p-hm
km[y-am-Iptam Fv. As\ C_m-Z-n-s\-p-dnv XmXzn-Ihpw
ASn-m-\-]-c-hp-amb kwK-Xn-I Dsm-n-p-sIm-p Hcp
sImp {]_w Rm Xm-dmn. AXp-ambn aue-hn-bpsS ASp sNp. Rm tI-dn {]Nm-c-W-n teiw hkvXp-X-bp-Xmbn At-l-hp-ambn _-s--tm t_m[y-ambn. As\
R Xn hni-Z-amb Hcp N \Sp. Pam-As Ckvem-anbpsS BZi-amb auZq-Znkw AXn-Kp-cp-X-c-amb BZi hyXn-bm-\n A[n-jvTn-Xa
- m-sWv Atm-gmWv At-l
- n\v t_m[y-am-bXv.
Rm Am-lp-hns\ kvXpXnp. kXyw t_m[y-s \ne-bn aue-

414

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hnbpw dns\ kvXpXnp. Atm Rm Fs {]_w At-ls hmbnp tInp. Atlw Bm-Zn-p-Ibpw {]_w Xm
Xs Ah-X-cn-n-m-sav kzbw Gp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AtXmsS
apPm-lnZv hn`m-K-ns {]mXn-\n[yw kt-f-\-n Dd-mbn. Rm
ChnsS H-bm-\ AXv kZ-n sXfn-bn--s-Sm km[y-am-Ip-sav
h-tXmsS Gsd ktm-j-ambn.
AUz. sI.Fw. sskZvap-l-Zv kmln-_ns Ay--X-bn
cmhnse ]v aWnv Nm kt-f\w Bcw-`np. Rm hnNm-cn-Xp-t]mse Xs hen-sbmcp kZv lmP-dp-m-bn-cpp. AXn Gdnb-Iqdpw Pn-bpsS \m\m-`m-K-p-\npw hs-nb Pam-A-p-Im-cmbn-cpp. Ah t\c-s-sbn kZ-n ]Ip-Xn-`m-Khpw I-Sn.
{]t_m-[\w amkn-I-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp A_vZp lk
kmln-_mWv Pam-A-ns hmZw Dd-n-p \o {]_w Ah-Xcn-n-Xv. Bb-p-Ifpw At\Iw InXm-_p-I-fn \nv apdn-s-Sp
D-c-Wn-Ifpw Ahsb X-fpsS A_ hmZ-sm-nv hymJym\n-p-ap-X
- m-bn-cpp {]_w. N-bn Ah-km\ Nmkv Xv e`n----hw ]cn-]mSn Ah Bkq-{XWw sNbvXp. {]_m-h-X-c-W-n\v BZyw Wn--s-Xv sambvXoIpn aue-hn-bmbn-cpp. Aehn aue-hn-bpsS {]K--amb kmn[yw Ahsc Atemk-c-s-Spn. Atm Fs hyn-]-c-ambn Bt-]n-p-sImpw
Ak-Xy-amb Btcm-]-W- F\n-s-Xn-cn D-bn-p-sImpw ]cn]m-Sn-bpsS KXn Ah amp-I-bm-bn-cpp. N-bnse BZym-h-kcw
Aehn aue-hnv \In. aue-hn-bpsS kmc-K`hpw ka-hp-amb
{]`m-jWw C_m-Z-ns auen-I-X-bn-tev shfn--taIn. Jp-B\n-sbpw kp-n-sbpw ASn-m-\-n C_m-Z-ns kmtXn-I-amb A-hym-Jym\w Atlw Ah-X-cn-np. temI {]ikvX
Jp-B hymJym-Xm-hmb knZv dioZv cnfm-bpsS hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb
hni-Zo-I-cWw ]Zm-\p-]Zw hmbnp tIn-p-sIm-p Aehn auehn-bpsS {]K--amb {]`m-jWw kZv \ni_vZw {ihn--tm kXymt\z-jW hmRvOb
- m Bi-m-`c
- n-Xc
- m-bn-cp t{imXm-v hyamb Hcp Nn{Xw C_m-Z-n-s\-p-dnv Inn. XpSv Pam-Av {]Xn\n-[n-bmbn {]kw-Kn-Xv hn.sI. Aen kmln-_m-bn-cpp. Atlw
Aehn aue-hn-bpsS sshm-\nI ssh`-hs hmt\mfw ]pI-gvpIbpw ap^-n-dmb cioZv cnfmsb ]mXm-f-tmfw Xmgvp-Ibpw

415

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sNbvXp. BZy-Ime X^vko-dp-I-fn C_m-Z-ns hni-Zo-I-c-Wn hn-p A]m-I-X-Isf bpn-bp-sSbpw sXfn-hn-sbpw

shfn--n Xncp-p-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNp dioZv cnfbpsS \o hnh-cWw Aehn auehn kZ-ns\ tIn--tm
Dmb ]cm-P-b-t_m[w amn-sb-Sp-m Hscm--aqen Ah {]tbmKnp. dioZv cnfsb hniz-kn-m ]p-I-bn. Atlw BZy-Im-ev
Cukm-\_n acn-p-t]m-sb Al--Zn hmZw D-bn Bfm-bn-cpp. B ]nghv Atlw kzbw Xncp-n-sb kXyw ad-p-]n-Sn-psImv alm-\mb B ap^-n-dns\ CI-gvpI hgn hnj-b-n-s
ImX-emb N-bn \npw Ducn-m-Sm A-h- ka-ambn {ianp.
IqSmsX asmcp ]pXnb hmZw Ah-X-cn-n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp B
N-bn. C_m-Zv shdpw A\p-k-c-W-sa- X ]d-bp-sXpw \ncp-]-[nI-amb A\p-k-cWw FmWv bYm-ambn Dt-inp-s
- Xpw Ah m]n-m {ianp. ]t, Cu hmZhpw A\nkvem-an-I-amWv. ImcWw, \_nsb \ncp-]m-[nIw A\p-k-cn--W-saXv Jp-B-\ns i-amb \nt-i-amWv.
Cu Nm kt-f-\-tmsS Pam-A-p-Im hmsX DuwsImp. Fs sImn-bn \npw ]pIp ]pdp NmSn-p-hm
]e hnZy-Ifpw Ah {]tbm-Kn-p-t\mn. Hpw ^e-h-m-Ip-n.
]pXnb]n-bn \npw {`jvSm-bmepw sImn hnSp-I-bn-sv Rm
Ddp. AXn-mbn Ipdp km[m-c-W-m-cmb kplr-p- F\nv
ss[cy-taIn. Cu ]m--e-n Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]pt-Sn akvPnZv
JXz-o-_m-bn-cp ]n.hn. Ipp-sam-bvXo auehn Hcp IYm-]p-cp-j\mbn amdn. Atlw kqdXv- Im^n-dq HmXn Hcp JpXz-v_ \Sn.
Bcm-[\
- b
- psS hnj-b
- n apivcn-p-If
- p-am-bp thXn-cnhv A
i-n-S-bn-m--hw {]Jym-]n-p-hm dkq-en\v Ah-X-cn-n-s Hc-ym-b-am-WnXv. ""]d-bpI'' Fv {]hm-N-I-t\mSv \nt-in-psIm-m-Wtm Aymbw Bcw-`n-p-Xv. ""tl, kXy-\n-tj-[n-Itf,- \n Bcm-[n-p--Xns\ Rm Bcm-[n-p-n.'' Fp XpSp hN-\- Ghpw a\x-]m-T-am-Wtm. Pam-Av auehn
Cu kqd-ns\ BsI Ae-tm-e-s-Spn auZq-Zn-k-ns sXfnhmbn Ah-X-cn-np. \n A\p-k-cn-p--Xns\ Rm A\p-k-cnp-n Fn-s\ XpS-n- Im^n-dq F Aym-b-nse apgph {]tbm-K--sfbpw A\p-k-c-W-amn amp-Ibpw AXn-s\mv

416

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hni-Zo-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. HSp-hn ""\nv \n-fpsS Zo

F\nv Fs Zo'' F Bi- b - n\v `cW hyh- - s bv
tXmp-amdv hymJym-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. t{imXm- B-cy-sp.
]n `mc-hm-ln-Ipw Zln-m `Ww Ign Ah!- \mfnXp-hsc tIp-tIhn- t]m-ep-an-m Hcp A hni-Zo-I-cWw! Cu
hntijw Adn--tm ASp Pap-Av CtX kqdv HmXn
Rm JpXz-v_ \Sn. B kqd-ns bYm- hnj-bhpw Ah-XcW ]m--ehpw Rm hnh-cnp. Ign shn-bmgvN ]n.hn.
Ipp-sam-bvXo auehn \S-nb Kpcp-X-c-amb Bi-b-hy-Xn-bm-\s-p-dnpw Xpdp ]dp. As\ hnj-b-ns KXn asmcp
Nmen-te-mbn. ]n `mc-hm-ln-I ]n.hn.bpw Rm\p-ambn Hcp apJmapJ Nbvv If-sam-cpn. _m_p tkp-hns hon shv Atl-ns ]nXmhv Ino tkp-hns kmn-y-n, Fd-Wm-Ipfw
t{_mUvth akvPnZv JXz-o_v d^oJv aue-hn-bpsS ay--X-bn
B apJm-apJw \Sp. _m_p Xzmln tkp-am AXn \nco--Icmbn. B kw`m-jWw Ak-ly-amb BZi hyXn-bm-\-n-sbpw
hy-amb Ip^vcn--n-sbpw Nn{X-ambn ]cn-W-an-p-I-bm-Wp-mbXv. C_m-Z-n\v "\ncp-]m-[n-I-amb A\p-k-cWw' Fv Aw
\Ip--Xn-s\-p-dnv \S N-bn \_nsb \ncp-]m-[nIw
A\p-k-cn-p-Xv inm-sWv ]n.hn. auehn hmZn--tm Rm
sRn-hn-dp!- Cu Ip^vcn--ns [mjvS-y-n \npw Atls ]nn-cn-n-m Rm hfsc {ian-p-t\mn. ]s, \n`mKy-hm-\mb B a\p-jy AXn Dd-p--Xm-bn-mWv A\p-`-h-sXv. HSp-hn cp t]cp-sSbpw hmZw Fgp-Xm Xocp-am-\-ambn. {]hmN-Is\ \ncp-]m-[nIw A\p-k-cn-p--ht\ apkven-amIq Fv Rm
Fgp-Xn-b-tm Atlw Xs hmZw `b-te-i-at\y FgpXn. Fs
hmZ-n\v sXfnhv tNmZn--tm""AivlZp A apl--Zp dkq-epmlv'' Fv Rm ]dp. Hv shm Hcp-n-b-tm,- Hcn-IqSn \-hw Btem-Nnv Hv shm aXn Fv ]n.hntbmSv Rm]dp. Hcp ]p\-cm-tem-N\ \S-m X Hpw Rm ]d-ntm FmWv Atlw {]Xn-h-NnXv. F\n-p-mb am\-knI
kwLjw ]d--dn-bn-m-h-X. Cu kw`m-j-W-n\p tijw
Rm Pam-A-ns tIcf Aao Bbn-cp sI.kn. A_vZp auehnv I-bp. ]n.hn. Ipp-sam-bvXo auehn ta {]Imcw
FgpXn Hn-n-cn-pp. CXv Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS hmZ-amtWm,

417

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xm AXv shfn-s-Sp-Ww. Iv Rm kk-_o amkn-Ibnepw {]kn-o-I-cnp. Atlw ]q \ni-_vZX ]menp. XpSv

GtXm AXym-hi
- ymw F.]n. A_vZp JmZn aue-hnbpw sI.sI.
apl-Zv kp-anbpw sImn-bn hp. Atm _m_p tkp-hns
A`y\ {]Imcw ]n.hnbp-ambn Hcp cmw-h Nv Ah Xmdmbn. Fs hmZw ]qW-ambn AwKo-Ic
- n-p-sIm-mWv Ah ]n.hn-bpambn N XpS-n-bXv. As N-bn Fd-Wm-Ip-fs {]apJ
Pam-Av hmhpw apJy hym]m-cn-bp-am-bn-cp lmjnw lmPnbpw
kn-ln-X-\m-bn-cpp. \psS `mKv \nco--I-cmbn ]pdsa \nv
lmP-dp-m-bn-cp-Xv F.F. laoZpw ]n.Fw A_vZp Ako-kp-am-bncpp. Cu kw`m-j-Whpw _m_p tkp-hns hk-Xn-bn-em-bn-cpp.
]n.hn. auehn Xs hmZ-n Ddp \np. F.]nbpw sI.sIbpw
]n.hn. aue-hnv kw`-hn hyXn-bm-\-ns Kpcp-X-cm-h-sb
t_m[y-s-Sp-m InWp {ianp. Cu kw`m-j-W-n-n-S-bn
lmjnw lmPn-bn \npw ]pdv h Hcp hmNIw ChnsS ]d-bmXn-cn-m h. F{X-Iv Ch-cpsS a\-p-I hyXn-N-en-p-t]m-sbv
hmb-\-m Adn-tb-Xv Bh-iy-am-b-Xp-sImpw X-fpsS kXy\n-tj-[-n \npw Ah CXp-hsc ]nam-dn-bn-n-sv Adn-bp-Xp-sIm-p-amWv lmjnw lmPn-bpsS hmNIw Rm\n-tm D-cn-pXv. ""Amlp ]d--Xp-sIm-mWv \_nsb R A\p-k-cnp-Xv. As-n Nhnn ]pd-mpw.'' CXn-t\-m henb Hcp
[mjvSyw thsd-bptm? \n Nnn-pI. ChnsS Adn-n-cnt Hcp XXz- a pv . Amlp ]d- - X p- s Im- mWv R
\_nsb A\p-k-cn-p-Xv F hmv ]cn-tim-[-\m- hn-t[-b-ammw.
Amlp BtcmSv ]dp?
]d-Xv apl-Zv \_ntbmSt? \_nbmWv \tmSv B
Imcyw Adn-bn-Xv.- {]hm-N-I ]noSv a\p-jy-tcmSv ]dp. AXmWtm kXyw. Nnn-pI.- {]hm-N-I HmXn--cp hN\w Amlp-hn \np kXy-k-qW-am-b-Xm-sWv \mw hniz-kn-Ww.
B hnizmkw ZrV-am-I-W-sa-n AXv HmXn--bmsf \mw ]qW-ambn hniz-knt ]q. apl-Zv \_n aX-hn-j-b-n kz-ambn
Hpw ]d-bp-I-bn-spw Am-lp Adn-bn-p-sIm-Sp-p--Xn bmsXmpw Iqn-tp-Itbm hnp-I-f-bp-Itbm sNp-I-bn-spw
kXy- k - qW- \ mb ssZh- Z q- X - \ m-s Wpw t_m[y- s - S p Hcp

418

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hynp am{Xta Jp-B ssZhoI hmIy-am-sWv hniz-kn-m\mhq. {]hm-N-Is _pn-i-n-tbbpw Ign-hn-t\bpw hnm-\tbpw kwLm-SI ssh`-h-tbpw At-bw hmgvn--d-bp
At\Iw {]i-kvX-cmb Nn-I-mcpw t\Xm-fpw temIv Ignp-t]mbn. Ctm-gp-apv. hnip Jp-B-\nse hN- \ - - f psS
amlmyw Dds ]d-bp Hcp-]mSv Ihn-Ifpw kmln-Xy-Im-c-mcpw
XXz-Nn--I-cp-apv. ]s, Ah-cmcpw apkven-am-Im Iqm-p-n.
Fp-sImv? apl-Zv \_n {kjvSm-hmb ssZh-n \npw
t\cnv ktiw kzoI-cn-p ZqX-\m-sWpw ZuXy-\n-l-W-n kXy-k-qW--\m-sWpw Ah hniz-kn-p-n. \_n--bpsS
IrXn-bmWv Jp-B Fs{X Ah-cn-e-[nI t]cpw Icp-Xp-Xv.
apl-Zv \_n-bn-ep ZrV-amb hnizm-k-amWv \_n-bpsS t{imXmsf Jp-B-\n-tev BIjn-]-n-Xv. hnizm-k-n-sbpw A\p-kc
- W-n-sbpw _me-]mTw Bcw-`n-p-Xp Xs {]hm-N-I-t\m-Sp
P\--fpsS at\m-`m-h-n \nm-sWv Ckvem-anI Ncn{Xw ]cntim-[n-p--hv t_m[y-amIpw. XnIpw Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-ambn
tXmm-hp- -anAvdmPns hnh-c- \_n t{imXm-sf tIn-tm ]ecpw Bi-m-Ip-e-cmbn. Hcp cm{Xn-bpsS bma-n-S-bn BIm-i-tem-I--fpsS At Xe- t]mbn Am-lp-hp-ambn
IqSn-mgvN \Sn ]pecpw apt aSn hcn-Itbm?! a\p-jy-_p-nv Dsm-m Ign-bm AXy-pX h-am\w! Cu kZ-n
A_q-_- lmP-cp-m-bn-cp-n. Atlw h-tm hnizm-knI-fmb t{imXm- X-fpsS am\-kn-I-amb Akz-X shfn-s-Spn. DSs\ Atlw tNmZnp: dkq As\ ]d-pthm?
""AsX''. Ah {]Xn-h-Nnp. XWw A_q-_- {]Xn-Ic
- np.
""Fn Rm AXv hniz-kn-pp.'' Rm Hm-tem-Nn-s, Rm
\_n-bp-ambn CtX-p-dnv kwkm-cn-s,- Fnv ]dbmw Fsmp-a Atlw ]d-Xv. hnizm-k-n-sbpw A\p-k-c-W-nsbp \ncp-]m-[n-Ihpw kqW--hp-amb `mh-amWv \ap-n-hnsS Zinm-\m-hp-Xv. asmcp kw`hw: Da lPvdp AkvhZv F
IAv_bn m]n--s Idp Ins\ Npw_n-p-tm C{]Imcw ]dp: ""tl It!- \o shdpw Hcp Im-Ipp. \n\v bmsXmcp D]-Im-chpw sNm\pw Hcp D]-{Z-h-tan-m\pw Ign-hn-sv F\nv \m-b-dnbmw. Am-lp-hns dkq \ns Npw_n-pXv Rm In-pv F-Xp-sImv am{X-amWv Rm \ns

419

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Npw_n-p-Xv.'' A\p-k-c-W-n-sbpw hnizm-k-n-sbpw A\p-Ic-Wo-b-amb amXrI \mw ChnsS ImWpp. Cs\ At\Iw ]mT-fpv. \_n ]dp; ""B Fs A\p-k-cn-pthm Ah Amlp-hns\ A\p-k-cnp''.- Atm A\p-k-cWw bYm-n Bcw`n-p-Xv {]hm-N-I-\n-eq-sS-bmWv. {]hm-N-I-\n hniz-knv Atls A\p-k-cn-p--hv am{Xta Am-lp-hns\ Is-m
Ignbq. Cu A\p- k - c Ww Am- l p- h n- t \mSp am{Xta BImhq
FmWv auZq-Znkw ]Tn-n-p-Xv. Hmw Ien-a-bpsS Aw AXmsWv Ah P]n-pp. {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-cn-t-Xv tkm]m[n-I-am-sWv Ah hmZn-pp. {]kw-Kn-pp. ]pkvX-I- cNnpp. CXv Ckvem-ans apJw-aq-Sn-b-Wn A\n-kvem-anI {]m\-am-sWv Xncn--dn-bm sshIn-tm-b-XmWv Fm \mi-pw
tlXp-hm-bn-oXv. ]WvUn-X-m apJw-aq-Sn-bm-Wn-sXv a\-n-emm sshIn. Hcp ]pI-a-d-p-n-emWv X AI-s-p-t]m-b-sX
Xncn--dnhv Dm-Ip-hm _pn-bp--hv t]mepw Ign-n-s-p-XmWv Cu Xncp-hmZn-Ipw Xo{h-hm-Zn-Ipw t{]mml-\-ambn `hn-Xv. Amlp kXyw shfn-s-Spn--p. B ]mX
hrn-tbmsS \n-Xm-- Pm-{K-X-tbm-sS- \mw Imp-kq-n-Ww.
dv A\p-{K-ln-s.
]n.hn. Ipn-sam-bvXo auehn Xs `oIchmZ-n \npw
]nam-dm Iqm-n-bn. Pam-As Ckveman HutZym-KnI Xen-eqsS At-ls D]-tZ-in-p-Itbm imkn-p-Itbm sNbvXn.
t{]mm-ln-n-p-Ib
- m-sWv tXmpw-hn-[a
- mWv Imcy- \on-bXv.
Pam-A-ns `c-W-L-S-\-bn hy-ambn ]d hnj-b-n-s\-Xncn-emWv Cu hmZw F Xncn--dnhv t]mepw Ah ImWn-n. Amlp-hn-s\bpw dkq-en-s\-bp-amWv \ncp-]m-[n-I-ambn A\p-k-cn-tXv
Fv `c-W-L-S-\-bn Fgp-Xn-sh-n-pv. {]hm-N-Is\ \ncp-]m-[nIw
A\p-k-cn-m Ckvemw Hcn-Spw ]Tn-n-n-n Fn-{]-Imcw hmZnp-sImv Ah ]pkvXIw cNnp. A_vZp lk- cNn "C_mZv Hcp eLp ]cn-Nbw'- F ]pkvX-I-nepw Fw.hn. apl-Zv
keow cNn "C_m-Zv kwi-b-fpw adp-]-Snbpw'- F ]pkvX-Inepw Cu Ip^vcn--ns hmZw Ah sXfn-bnp ]d-p. PamA-ns {]kn-o-I-c-Wm-e-b-amb sF.]n.Fv. Xs-bmWv CXv
{]kn-o-I-cn-Xv. Cu hmZ-n--h Nqn-m-Wn sXfnhv tcmKt-m amc-I-amb acpv Fv ]d-bp-Xv t]mse-bm-bn-cpp.

420

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Am-lp-hns A\p-a-Xn-tbmsS A\p-k-cn-m-\m-bn-n-msX Hcp

dkq-en-s\bpw \mw Ab-n-n Fv ]d-bp Jp-B hN-\-amWv
{]hm-N-I-t\m-Sp A\p-k-cWw tkm]m-[n-I-am-sW-p--Xn\v C-hv- sXfnhv. Cu hN\w P\-v HmXn-sm-Sp-Xv {]-hm-N-I-\-t?{]hm-N-I-t\mSv \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb A\p-k-cWw An-p hnizm-knIt CXv Am-lp-hns hN-\-am-sWv hniz-kn-m-\mhq?
am{X-a, ""_n CZv\n-mln'' F hmn\v ""_n Xu^o-Jn-mlv'' FmWv Camw ka-Jv-icnsbtm-ep {]i-kvX-cmb ]qoI ]WvUn-X-m Aw ]d-n-p-Xv. Am-lp-hns Xu^o-tJm-Sp-IqSn
A\p-k-cn--s-Sm-\-msX Hcp {]hm-N-I-t\bpw \mw Ab-n-n FmWv icn-bmb hnh. Cu Xu^o-JmWv \ apI-fn hmbn-Xv.
Cu Xu^oJv e`n-m \mw kZm {]mn-p-sIm-n-cn-Ww. Amlp-hns\ am{Xw Bcm-[nv bYm aph-lvln-Zmbn Pohn-p-hm
Cu Xu-^oJv Inntb Xocq. ^mXnlm kqd-n Cm--\Av_pZp
Fv {]Xn sNp-tm AtXm-sSmw h Cm \kvX-Cu\p
(\ntmSp am{Xw R klmbw tXSpp) Fv \mw {]mn-pp-tm. Am-lp-hn \np {]tXy-Ia
- mb klm-bhpw Imhepw
e`n-s-n-e-msX Am-lp-hns\ am{Xw Bcm-[np Pohn-p-hm
km[y-a. Cu {]tXy-I-amb klm-b-amWv ChnsS \mw Imwn-pXv. AXn-\p-th-n-bp tX-amWv CXn-ep--sXv ]qo-I-cmb
ap^-n-dp-I ]Tn-n-pp. Atm dns\ am{Xw Bcm-[n-p-Xn\pw {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-cn-p--Xn\pw Am-lp-hns Xu^oJv
e`n-p-I- Xs thWw. \mw ImWp-nt, IrXy-ambn \a-kvI-cn-p-h hy-amb J_ ]qP \S-pp. \a-kvI-cn-p--h Xs
J_ ]qPm-cn-am-cmbn Pohn-pp. ""AivlZp A apl--Z dkqep-mlv' Fv cm]-I Gp ]d-bp--h {]hm-NI Ncy-Isf Xn-f-p-sImv At\Iw _nZv-A-p-I sNbvXp sImn-cn-pp.
Am-lp-hns Xu^oJv B Iqv e`n-n. AXn-\p \njvI-f-amb tXw Ah-cn \nv Dm-Ip-n-sv thWw Icp-Xm. a\p-ambn bmsXmcp _-hp-an-m shdpw a{- am{X-amWv
Ah sNmp-Xv. AYhm ]ptcm-ln-Xs a\-n-em-Im at{mm-c-W-v D-n "Bao' sNpI am{Xw. ta hN-\-n
]d "_n CZv\n-mlv' FXv "_n Xu-^o-Jn-mlv' Fm-Ipp.
hfsc {][m-\-s Hcm-i-bs ]Tn-n-p Cu hN\w X-fpsS
kXy-\n-tj[ {]Nm-c-W-n\v Ah sXfn-hmbn sImp-h-Xv G-

421

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hpw hnNn-{X-ambn.
Cu Iq-n Ckvem-ans ITn\ i{Xp--fmb blq-Zn-It]mepw D-bn-m Hcp hmZw Pam-A-p-Im Ah-X-cn-n-n-pv.
Cs sNdp--m Hcp ]s AXv Adn-n-p-m-Ip-I-bn.
sImn-bn shp-mb Hc-\p-`-h-amWv Rm ChnsS ]d-p-h-Xv.
AXv XnIpw BZi-_-n-X-amb hnj-b-am-b-Xn-\m AXns
ImX Adn-bWw. Pam-As Ckvem-an-tbm-Sp Fs hnp-ho-gvNbn-m I-i-amb \ne-]mSv Fp-sIm-m-sWpw a\-n-emWw. am[yaw ]{X-n-eqsS Ctm kZm hnf-n-sm-n-cn-p
atX-Xc P\m-[n-]-Xy-a Pam-A-ns BZiw. aX-cm-jv{S-hmZw
F Xo{h-X-bpsS hm--fm-Wn-h. C_m-Z-n\v \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb
A\p-k-cWw F Aw kzbw krjvSn-p -sImv Ch apt-dnb-tm, \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb A\p-k-cWw {]hm-N-I\v Ah-Im-i-s-Xt, AsX-s\ C_m-Z-mIpw F \ymb-amb tNmZy-ap-bp.
Cu- tNm-Zy-am-Wv- As\ Ckvemw Hcn-Spw ]Tn-n-n-n Fs-gpXn-hn-Sm Ahsc \n_-n-X-cm-n-bXv.
]s, Imcy- Ahn-sSbpw \nn. auZq-Zn-k-tm-Sp A\pcm-Km--I-amb {`aw Ahsc av ]nSn-np. hnip Jp-B-\n
`mjm-tZmjw hn-p-sv Btcm-]n-p hn[-n-embn kwK-Xn-IfpsS t]mv. AXmWv blq-Zn-Iv t]mepw ss[cyw hcm Imcyw
Fv Rm apI-fn ]d-Xv. Fw.hn. apl-Zv keow cNn "C_mZv kwi-b-fpw adp-]-Snbpw'- (sF.]n.Fv 71) F ]pkvXIw
ssIh-i-ap--h AsX-Spv t\mpI. AXn C{]-Imcw ImWmw.
bm Ap-l--Zo\ Ba\q AXzo-D-ml h AXzo-Dd-kqe h Den
Awc-n anIpw (hniz-kn--htc, \n Am-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-pI. dkq-en-t\bpw Dep Awdn-t\bpw A\p-k-cn-pI. An-km-Av
59) ChnsS AXz-oDu F {Inb cp XhW ]d-n-cn-p-p. Amlp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-pI F A-n Xs-bm-Wv dkq-ent\bpw A\p-k-cn-m I]n--sX-n Cu Bh\w Bh-iy-anm-bn-cpp. Jp-B-\n Acw `mjm-tZmjw hcm-h-X-tm. AXn\m Am-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-m Bm-]n-Xv AXns kqhpw \ncp-]m-[n-I-hp-amb A-nepw dkq-en-t\bpw Dep
Awdn-t\bpw A\p-k-cn-m I]n-Xv tkm]m-[n-I-amb An-ep-amWv. (t]. 3031)

422

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ChnsS cp Imcy--fmWv {K-Im-c kan-p-Xv. AXz-oDu F {Inb Am-lp-hn-t\mSp IqsSbpw dkq-en-t\mSv tNpw
shtsd ]d-n-cn-pp. AXn-\m A\p-k-cWw cpw Hcp-t]mse-b. H-v- \ncp-]m-[n-Ihpw a-t-Xv- tkm]m-[n-I-hp-amWv. AXz-oDu
(A\p-k-cn-pI) F {Inb Bhn-msX Am-lp-hn-s\bpw
dkq-en-s\bpw Fn-{]-Imcw Hnp ]d-b `mjm-tZm-j-amWv. JpB-\n As\ hcm ]mSp--X-tm.
Rm CXv I-tm B-cy-m Aw-hnv Ccpp t]m-bn!
Cu ]pkvX-I-n\v Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-p-Xv {]i-kvX-\mb
s{]m^. hn. apl-Zv kmln-_mWv. Atlw Fs \ kplr-mWv. ^mdqJv tImtf-Pns {]nkn-m m\-n-cpv dn-b sNbvXp. Atlw ]WvUn-X-\mWv. Nn-I-\mWv. hfsc an\p-k-amb
s]cp-am acymZ ]men-p kwkvImc Nn-\mWv. Hcp sa-s
Ad_n ae-bmfw \nL-p-hns cN-bn-Xm-hmWv. At-l-ns
Cu \ KpW--sfmpw Cu p{Z-Ir-Xn-bpsS Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn
Rm In. Pam-As Ckvem-an-tbm-Sp A-amb aXnpw
_lp-am-\hpw am{Xta AXn-ep-m-bn-cp-pq. `qan-bnepw BIm-inepw tKmf--fnepw Dm-bn-sm-n-cn-p-Xpw Dm-Im-\n-cn-p-Xp-amb Ipg-- ]cn-l-cn-m-\p {ia-n Cu sNdp ]pkvXI-n\v Hcp ]p hln-m Ignbpw Fv Fs kplrv Ah-Xmcn-I-bn Fgp-Xn-bXv hmbn--tm Rm ZpJn-p-Ibpw en-pIbpw sNbvXp. ImcWw Rm {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xn-tm.
Am-lp-hns {K-tmSv Iqdv ]men- Zo\n-t\m-Sp KpWImw--bn {]apJ m\-ap--Xm-Ipp. AXn-\m Rm Jp-B\n Hcp ]cn-tim-[\ \Sn. AXzoDu (\n-- A\p-k-cn-p-ho)
F {Inbm-]Zw Am-lp-hn-s\bpw dkq-en-t\bpw Fn-{]-Imcw
Iqn-t-v ]d-bp-Xv `mjm-tZm-j-am-sWv {K-Im-c kann-cn-p-tm-. Fp-sh-m Jp-B-\n A-s\-bp {]tbmKw
Cs-mWv hmZw. Am-lp-hn-s\bpw dkq-en-t\bpw Bsc-nepw
A\p-k-cn-p--]w Ah al-mb hnPbw t\Sn Fv Jp-B\n-epv (A-l-vkm-_v-71)-. ChnsS {Inbm-]Zw Bhn-msX Amlp-hns\-bpw dkq-en-t\bpw Fn-s\ Iqn-tv ]d-n-pv.
AXn Ggv ev ""A\p-k-cn-p-hn'' F I-]-\-bp-sS- cq-]-amWv.- A-v- -e-v- B-sc-n-epw- A-\p-k-cn-p-- ]-w- F-- hm-N-

423

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I-cq-]-am-Wv-.- _mn Ccp-]-Xn-S--fn hyXykvX hmN-I--fn-ep-amWv.

C{X-b-[nIw e--fn Bhn--s Hcp {]tbmKw `mjm-tZmj-am-sWv P]n-p-hm {K-Im-cs\ t{]cn-n tNtXm-hn-Im-camWv hnj-b-ns aqew. auZq-Zn-ks kXy-h-XvI-cn-m-\p
AXym-thiw! "A\p-cm-Km--I-amb {`aw'- F Ah-cpsS Xs
{]tbm-K-ns ]pe! sXp-Xn-cpn ]c-ky-ambn ]m--]nv
aS-m ]w Ckvem-an-s AXn hc-p-Iv ]pdv Fv
am{X-a, Zo\ns ITn\ i{Xp--fpsS ]n-I-bn s]Sp-hm\pw Imc-Wam-bn-o-cpp AXyp-{K-amb Cu kXy-\n-tj[w.
ChnsS Fs ]cn-{`-an-n-Xv hyn-I-sf-p-dn-p \nK-a-\--f. Am-lp-hns {K-s-p-dn-p kqva-Xbpw `-b-`-n-bpwI-Wn-i-am-bn- ]m-ent--Xv- hn-izm-kn-bp-sS- I-S-a-bm-Wv.- d-n-s- ap-n -lm-P-dm-tI--h-\m-sWpw h ]ngbpw hp-t]m-bm alm A]I-S-am-bn-o-cp-sa-p-ap t_m[-amWv Ahs\ \bn-t-Xv. {KIm-c AXv ]men-n-n-sv Im \qm-ns A\p-`hw sXfn-bnpp. Rm CsX-gp-Xp-tmgpw At-l-n-t-Xmbn Hcp Xncptm
tJZ-{]-I-S-\tam Dm-bn-n. kk-_o 73 P\p-hcn e-n
"Jp-B-\n `mjm-tZmjw Dstm'- F Xe-hm-N-I-n Hcp
hnai\ teJ\w Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ]c-ky-s-Spn. AXns ]Iv {]kn-o-I-c-W-n\v apv Xs Ah-Xm-c-I\pw {K-Im-c\pw
{]kn-o-I-c-Wm-e-b-n\-pw Pam-Av tI{-n-tepw Ab-psIm-Sp-n-cpp. Bcn \npw Hcp {]Xn-I-c-Whpw Dm-bn. Amlp-hns InXm-_n-s\-p-dnv ta ]d kqvaX, ]WvUn-X-intcm-a-Wn-I-fpsS Hcp hyqlw {]Nm-c-Icpw {]t_m-[-I-cp-am-bp kwLS\ ]men-n. Cu ]pkvX-I-hp-ambn _-s Bcpw ]men-n-n.
]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-cWw Ctm-gn Fp ]d--Xp-sImv Cu _m[yX-bn \npw Bcpw ap-am-Ip-n. {]kn-o-I-cnpw hn-gnp ]Wap-m-n-bXpw {]N-cn-n--Xp-amb alm ]m]-n\v Fv ]cn-lmcw?
]c-ky-amb ]m-m-]-a-msX asm-p-an. ]c-tem-I-ns ]cn]mSn Amlp \n-bn-n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Cu Zpbm-hn AImc-W-ambn ]oUn-n--s--h-cpsS Imcyw henb IjvS-nepw \jvSn-ep-am-Ip-am-bn-cpp. buap-o-\ns amen-mb dp Be-ao\v
k-kvXp-Xnbpw!
Imcy- C{X-bp-am-b-tm As Pam-Av Aao-dm-bn-cp

424

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sI.kn. A_vZp aue-hnv Rm Hcp I-bp. \n-fpsS {]m\ sadpw {]Nm-c-I\pw JXz-o-_p-amb ]n.hn. Ipn-sam-bvXo
auehn, {]hm-N-Is\- \ncp-]m-[n-I-ambn A\p-k-cn-p-Xv inmsWv hmZn-pp,- FgpXn Hn-n-cn-pp. Xmfpw {]m-\hpw
CXv AwKo-I-cn-p-ptm? Ds-n \nsf Rm Ckvem-antev aS-n-hn-fn-pp. CXm-bn-cpp Inse D-Sw. CXns
Ah-km\ hmN-I-n ]nSn-p-sImv ]ecpw Fs Bt-]np.
]s, sI.knbpw {]m-\hpw au\w ]menp. Fp-sImv? hfsc
hj-v tijw Pam-A-ns Hcp almkt-f-\-n Ay-\m-bn-smv sI.kn. B P\-q--tmSv Cs\ hne-]np. Zo\o
]m--e-ap ]WvUn-X-m-cp Hcp IpSpw-_-n P\n--h\mWv Rm. Ign-bp-{X Am-lp-hns\ kqn-p-sImpw ]nZkn InXm-t_mXn ]Tnpw Rm hfp. Hcp Ckvem-anI {]m\-ns tkh-I-\mbn ]Xn-m-p-I-fmbn Rm Pohn-pp. As\-bp Fs Ckvem-an-tev aSn hnfn-p-sImv Fs-tmse
InXm-t_mXn ]Tn Hcp a\p-jy F\nv I-bp. Rm AXv
klnp. \nfpw AXv kln-pI.
sI.kn. Ctm Pohn-n-cn-n. At-l-ns injy-mcpw A\pbm-bn-I-fp-ambn Htsd t] Cu thZ-\-bp-ambn Pohn-pp. Fs
BZi _p--fpsS Iq-n-ep-apv, B hmN-I-tmSv A\n-jvSap--h. Fm-h-cp-tSbpw Adn-hn-te-mbn Rm tcJ-s-Sp-s.
]WvUn-X-m-cpsS IpSpw-_-n P\n--Xp-sImtm InXm-t_mXn
]Tn--Xp-sImtm Fgp-p-Im-c\pw {]mkw-Kn-I-\p-ambn Pohn--XpsImtm am{Xw Hcp {]tXyI t\hpw Bp-an. CsXm-p-an-m-Xp-sImv Bpw {]tXyI \jvS-hp-an. Cuam\pw kIhp-amWv hnP-b-n-m-[mcw. Zo\o {]t_m-[-Icpw {]Nm-c-I-cp-ambn
Pohn-p--hv {]tXyI _m[y-X-I-fpv. AXn {]Y-a-am-bXv
Fsv dkq ]Tn-n-n-pv. \_n Hcn- ]dp: Zo
Fm Iqdp ]men--emWv. Btcm-SmWv {]hm-N-Itc, Iqdp ]ment-Xv Fv A\p-N-c-m tNmZnp. \_n hni-Zo-I-cnp ""Amlp-hn-t\mSv, Ahs {K-tmSv, Ahs ZqX-t\mSv, apkvenw \mbI-m-tcmSv, apkvenw _lp-P-\--tfmSv.'' Atm Am-lp-hns
{K-n\v t\sc hymP{]kvXm-h\ \S-nbpw {]hm-N-Is\ \ncp]m-[n-I-ambn A\p-k-cn-p-Xv inm-sWv hmZnpw [mjvSytmsS AXv FgpXn Hp-shpw Xs A\p-bm-bn-I hne-kp-tm

425

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AXv sXcy-s-Sp-p--hs\ i{Xp-hmbn KWn-p-Ibpw A{I-an-I-tfmSv

au\w Zon-p-Ibpw A\p-`mhw ]pep-Ibpw sNp--h InXm_v F{X-tbm-Xn-bnpw Fp Imcyw? ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS IpSpw-_-n
P\n-nv Fv t\w?
Am-lp-hns dkq-en\v Hcp kwLw Fgp-p-Im-cp-m-bn-cpp.
hlvbns Fgp-p-Im. Atm-g-tm \_nv Ah-X-cn-p-In-p
Jp-B hN-\- Fgp-Xp-I-bm-W-h-cpsS tPmen. GXv Aym-bn F{Xm-as hN-\-am-W-sXv Pn_vco Adn-bn-p {]Imcw \_n- Ahv ]d-p-sIm-Sppw. Ah AXv IrXy-ambn tcJs-Sp-p-Ibpw sNpw. F{X al--c-amb tPmen. BZ-c-Wo-bX
t\Snb B Iq-n \npw Nne ap-m-bn-tmbn. Fsmcp
\n`mKyw! {]hm-N-I-s\-tmse X\npw hlvbv hcp-p-sv tXmn-b-XmWv Cu aX{`jvSn\v Imc-W-am-bn-oXv. \_nbpsS
Fgp-p-Im-cm-b-Xp-sImtm ap--h-cm BZ-cn--s--Xp-sImtm Ahsmcp Cfhpw e`n-n. Cuam-\ns XI! Jp-B\ns alXzw AwKo-I-cn-m-Xn-cn-epw AXn-t\mSv Iqdp ]men-mXn-cn-epw Ahsc alm \jvS-m-cmn Xop. henb ]mT-amWv
\apv CXn-ep-Xv. hp \Sn-m Bpw hI-bn. ]mc--cytam
]mWvUn-Xytam Ah-Im-i-s-Sm\pw AXp aptJ\ ]qW-X `mhn-m\pw Hcp-pw ]mSn. Amlp \s lnZm-b-n Dd-np \np-am-dm-Is!
]n.hn. Ipn--sam-bvXo aue-hnv ]pt-Sn akvPn-Zn XpS-cm
Ign-bn-s-p Bi--bp-mbn. Atm Pam-A-p-Im Hcp
]pXnb AShv {]tbm-Knp. _m_p Xzmlnamsc t{]cn-nv akvPnZv
ssaXm-\n-bn GXm\pw Znh-k- \ofp Hcp {]kwK ]c-c
kwL-Sn-np. Fd-Wm-Ipfw \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo imJ-bpsS
B`n-ap-Jy-n-emWv ]cn-]mSn. Ipn--sam-bvXo auehn ASw
GXm\pw Pam-A-p-Imcpw ]n apX-hn Ino tkv, _m_p
Xzmln tkp-amcpw IqSn-t-XmWv ta]-d sI.F.Fw.
Inn. sImn {]tZ-i-p As sI.F.Fw. {]h-\-fpsS kz`mhw CXn IqSp-X ]d-tb--Xn-tm. cpw Hp-Xs
Fv kaq-ls [cn-n-p coXn-bn Imcy- \op-I-bmWv.
Cu \v hnLmXw krjvSn-p i{Xp Da aue-hn-bmWv. Abmsf HXp-Ww. HmSn-Ww. CXm-Wp-tiyw. hnhn[ hnj-b- D-

426

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s-Sp-nb {]kwK ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS enp-ambn _m_p Xzmlnam

]pXnb]n-bn hp Fs Ip. B ]cn-]m-Sn-bn cp Znh-kw
Rm {]kw-Kn-Ww. Rmt\p. XuloZv {]kw-Kn-m-sav Rm ]d-tm AXv ]n. sskZv auehn (cm-mWn)v sImSp-n-cnp-I-bm-sWv Ah ]dp. Fs hnjbw kppw _nZv-Apw. Rm k-Xnp. ]n.hn. Ipn--sam-bvXo aue-hnbpw Cu
]cn-]m-Sn-bn Dv. kn.]n. Da kp-an-bmWv HSp-hn-es Znhkw.
hnjbw: \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo\pw CXc {]m-\-fpw.
Ch Hcp-nb sIWn Fm-sWv F\nv ]nSn-Inn. apPm-lnZv
]WvUn-X\pw Xulo-Zns {]K--{]-Nm-c-I\pw Fs kplrpw
ka-ioj-\p-amb sskZv auehn XuloZv {]`m-j-W-n Pam-Ans\ {]tXy-I-ambn hnain-pI ]Xn-hn. kap-Zm-bs Npn-nSn J_ ]qPbpw inp-]-c-amb av A\m-Nm-c--fp-amWv Atlw
apJy-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-pI. As bph ]WvUn-X-m-cn Xnf-n\np Hmw-Xcw {]kw-K-I-\mWv kn.]n. Da kpan. At-lns {]`m-j-W-nepw Pam-As Ckvem-an-sb-p-dn-p ]cmaiw Dm-In. GXv hnjbw sImSp-mepw AXn \npw DucnmSn Pa-mAv hnai-\-n Fn-n-Sn-p kz`m-h-amWv Da
aue-hn-p-Xv. CsXmcp Xcw hns e-W-amWv. Cu \ne-bn
]cn-]mSn kam-]n-p--tXmsS Rm H-sSpw. A-amb Pam-Av
hntcm[w {]t_m-[\ ssien-bmbn sImp \S-p-p-sh Btcm]Ww Fs t\v in-bmbn {]tbm-Kn-p-sapw Fs HXpm\pw HmSn-m\pw CsXm-c-h-k-c-am-m-sapw Ah hmsX
tamlnp. Imcy- F\nv Duln-m Ign-p-sh-nepw Rm
Znhkw amp-hmt\m hnjbw am-W-satm \n_-n-n. hcp-Xv
hcs F Xocp-am-\-n Am-lp-hn Xh-p sNbvXp. X{-fpsS DS-b-h Ah-\m-Wtm. F\nv kwkm-cn-m Inp
Ahk--c- aptm ]nt-m Fv Rm t\mm-dn. F\nv ]dbm-\p-Xv sXfn-bnp ]dbpw. AXm-sWs ioew.
As\ Rm {]kw-Knp. kp-n-sbpw _nZv-A-n-sbpw
ASn-m-\-]-chpw XmXzn-I-hp-amb Imcy--fmWv Hmw Znhkw hnhcn-Xv. {]hm-N-I-m HmXn-sm-Sp-p--Xn ]nimNv Iqn-tpw.
Atm Amlp Ahs A\p-{K-l-m asmcp {]hm-N-Is\
Ab-p-sImv AXv \ow sNpw. Cu Aw hcp Bbv

427

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

HmXn-bmWv Rm hni-Zo-Ic
- n-Xv. {]hm-NI Ncn{X ]c-c
- b
- n-eqsS H-cphn-h-c-Ww-.- am-e-au-en-Zv-dm-o-_p-I-fn-se- ]-Zy-- ]m-Sn- {]-kw-Kn-p- kz-`m-hw- F-\n-n-.- A-Xn-se- Xm-Xz-n-I-am-b- tZm-j-- am-{X-taRm- ]-d-bp-I- ]-Xn-hp-q-.- Hcp ]pWy-Iw sNp-tm AXv Amlp-hns s]mcpw Imw-n-p-sIm-m-bn-cn--Ww-.- F-m- I-- am-Xr-I-bp--tXm- A-m--tXm- B-bm-epw- i-cn,- kr-jv-Sn-I-fp-sSs]m-cp-w- B{K-ln-p-sIm-m-Ip-tm AXv inm-bn-ocpw.
Ghpw t{ijvT-amb \a-kvImcw t]mepw C-s\-bmWv. aplvbn-o
dmo-_ns aptm-Sn-bmbn ]{v dIv-Av \a-kvIm-c-apv. cv
dIv-Av hoXw \a-kvI-cnpw. CXv {]hm-N-I-\n \nv amXr-I-bnm--XmWv. Atm _nZv-A-mbn. ssiJns s]mcpw Inm
thn-bm-b-tm inp-ambn. CXp-Xs Ghpw henb DZm-lcWw. aueo-Zp-I-sf-mSpw _nZv-A-p-I Xs. {]hm-NI amXr-Ibn s]-X FXv Xs ImcWw. Fm aueoZpw BcpsS t]cnep--XmtWm Ah-cpsS s]mcpw Bin-p-sIm-mWv sNp-Xpw
Ign-p-Xpw. Atm AXv inp-ambn. aplvbn-o ssiJns
s]mcp--n-\p-thn Bcpw _Zv aueoZv Ign-m-dn. adnpw
A-s\-Xs. Cu \ne-bn \njvI-f--ambn Nnn-m Imcy-ns Igv thKw ]nSn-In-pw.
cmw Znh-ks {]kw-K-ns XpS--n {]hm-N-Is
Pohn-X-Im-e-p-mb Nne kw`-h- hn-hcn-p. aqp kzlm-_nI tNv ssIsm Hcp Xocp-am\w. \njvI-f--amWv Ah-cpsS
Dtiyw. ]pWy-amWv Ah-cpsS tamlw. cm{Xn-I-fn Xosc Dd-msX
\a-kvI-cn-p-sIm-t-bn-cnpw Fv Hcm. Hscm Znhkw t\mv Hgnhm-m \ne-bn Xm Pohn-p-sav cm-a. hnhmlw sNmsX {_-Ncyw BN-cn-p-sImv kZm [ym\-\n-c-X-\mbn Ign-p-Iq-psav aqm-a. Dp apAvan\o (hnizm-kn-I-fpsS amXmhv) B-bni- {]hm-N-I-t\mSv Cu Imcyw sXcy-s-Spn. \_n aqp-t]-scbpw
hnfn-p-h-cpn tNmZyw sNbvXp. Ah k-Xnp. Atm dkq Ah-tcmSv ]dp: ""Rm cm{Xn-bn Dd-p-Ibpw DWv \akvI-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.- Rm CS-hn-p Znh-k--fnte kpv
t\mp-I A\p-jvTn-m-dpq. Rm hnhmlw sNbvXp IpSpw_
_m[y-X-I \nd-thn Pohn-pp. CXmWv Fs Ncy. Fs Ncysb Bcv CjvS-s-Sp-n-tbm Ah- Fn s]--h-\-.'' IWn-ihpw

428

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ii-\-hp-amb {]hm-NI imk\ aqm-fp-I-tfbpw t_m[-hm-m-cmn.

Ah ]m--]np aSn. aX-n Dm-Im km[y-X-bp Hcp
PoW--Xsb \_n- \on Xm-\v ]qW-X ssIh-cpn.
CXp-t]mse ]e kw`-h--fpv.
{]hm-N-Is hntbm-K-ns ZpxJw A-co--n apn \np Lw. Hcp kwLw Bfp-I ]n-bn hp. Ah h-an-n-cpp. Ah emC-eml C-mlv-,- Alw-Zp-en-mlv, kp_vlm-\-mlv XpS-nb kvXpXn-Io-\- sNmn. Hcm Dds sNmpw.ap--h AtX-p-sNmpw. Hmtcm sNdp Ip-I sImv Fw
]nSnpw. hnhcw Adnp kzlm_n Imc-W-h-cmb A_vZp-m-ln_v\p akv-DuZv ]n-bn-sen. A_vZp-m-ln_v\p akv-DuZv Imcyw
Xncn. \ntm-jhpw ]pWy-ap--Xp-amb Imcy-amWv X \nln-p--sXv Ah t_m[n-np. Atm C_v\p-a-kv-DuZv Knp:- Am-lp-hns dkq \-fn \npw hnp-t]m-bnv Znh-ktf B-bpq.- \_n- D]-tbm-Kn hkv{X- Iodn-bn-n. ]m{X DS-n-n. ]mZ-c--I tISm-bn-n. \_nbpsS `mcy-am
Pohn-n-cn-pp. AXn\p apv \n Zo\n ]pXn-bXv \nn-pI-bmtWm? B kZ-ns\ Atlw Bn-tbm-Snp. dkq-ens Imeti-jhpw PoW-X amn ]qW-X hcp-p Ckz-vemlo {]h-\ kt`m-NnXw XpSp-t]mp.
Cs\ _nZv-A-p-I-fpsS Ncn{X ]m--e-n-eqsS Fs
{]kwKw IS-p-t]mp. cmw Znhkw {]kw-K-nse ]Ip-Xnbpw
Ignp. Atm Rm ]dp; _nZv-A-ns Ncn{X ]m-e-n-eqsS hcp-tm Ghpw {Iqchpw Kpcp-X-c-hp-amb HnXm h-am-\-Im-ev \psS Zo\n-tev IS-p-h-n-pv. ]WvUn-Xcpw
_pn-Po-hn-Ifpw Hcp-t]mse CXn A{i--cm-bn-cpp. AXmWv
Xulo-Zn _nZv-Av. XpSv Amcyw hni-Zo-I-cnp. ilm-Zv
Ien-a-bpsS A-n auZqZn kmln_v Kpcp-X-c-amb amw hcpp-Ibpw Xulo-Zns apJyLS-I-ambn cmjv{So-bs Ah-X-cn-np-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv {]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-n Xulo-Zn Hcp
s]mfn-s-gpv Xs \Sn. {kjvSm-hns\ am{Xw Bcm-[n-pI,
krjvSn-Isf Bcm-[n-m-Xn-cn-pI, {kjvSm-hn-t\mSv am{Xw {]mnpI, krjvSn-I-tfmSv {]m-n-m-Xn-cn-pI CXmWv \_n-am ]Tnn XuloZv. auZqZn CXn Iqn-tp. Amlp AmsX A\p-

429

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

k-cn--s-Sm Al-\mbn am-cp-an Fv A-amn. tIptm \ncm-t]w Fv tXmp-Ibpw Fm aX-ns ine Xs Cf-n--f-bp-Ibpw sNp Kpcp-X-c-amb hyXn-bm-\- Cu
A-am--n-epv. CXmWv Xulo-Zn _nZvA-v! CXn \np-hn-p Zpjv^-e- \nc-h-[n-bmWv. auZqZn \nn Cu _nZvA-ns {]t_m-[-I-mcpw {]Nm-c-I-cp-ambn Pam-As Ckveman
kaq-l-n kPo-h-amWv. AXn-\m A]-I-S-n NmSmsX {]hmNI amXr-I-bn \npw hyXn-N-en-m-\n-S-bm-ImsX \mw kZm kqva-X-bp--h-cm-bn-cn-Ww. Rm Ah-km-\n-np. Fs A\p-Iqen-p t{imXm-pw Fs shdp-p kwLm-S-Ipw Hcpt]mse ktm-j-ambn. A\p-Iq-en-p--h-cpsS ktmjw kzm`mhnIw. at ktm-j-n\v {]tXyI Imc-W-apv. Ah t\cs
]d-p-]-c-nb Hcp hnjbw A\p-`-h-n hp. ""Da aue-hnv
GXv hnjbw sImSp-mepw AXv Pam-A-ns\ hnain-p--Xn
Fnpw Fv ]d-Xv icn-bm-bn-hp. CXv Hcp at\m-tcm-K-amWv.'' AXv icn-b. at\m-hn-j-a-amWv. Am-lp-hns Zo hnI-e-amp-Xv In-p hnjaw. asmcp ktm-j-n-\mbn kwLm-S-I
Imn-cpp. XpSv cv Ckz-vemln ]WvUn-X-m {]kw-Kn-m\pv. {]K--\mb Xulo-Zns tXcmfn ]n. sskZv aue-hnbpw bph
{]K--\mb kn.]n. Da kp-anbpw. kn.]nbpw XuloZv {]`m-j-Wn ka-\mWv. Ch-cn-cp-hcpw Pam-A-n-s\-Xn-cn Hc--cw
Dcn-bm-Sp-I-bn. sskZv aue-hnv Xulo-ZmWv hnjbw. kn.]nv
apPm-lnZv {]m-\hpw CXc kwL-S-\-Ifpw. kwLm-S-Icpw ]n-Wnbnse Bkq-{X-I-cmb Pam-A-p-Imcpw cm-as ktm-j-n\mbn Imn-cpp. ]ns Znhkw cmhnse Rm Hcp sImp t\mokv
Xm-dmn D-tbmsS A-Sn-np. ""{]nb sskZv aue-hnv, XuloZv
{]`m-j-W-n\pw AXns {]Nm-c-W-nepw Gsd XymK-]-cn-{i-a-
\S-p tZl-am-Wtm Xm. Cm-ev Xulo-Zns hnj-b-fn auZqZn s]mfn-s-gpv \S-p-Ibpw Pam-As Ckveman Cu
hyXn-bm\w {]N-cn-n-p-Ibpw sNp--Xmbn Rm a\-n-em-pp.
Cu hnj-b-n Xm-fpsS kphy--amb hoWw Adn-bp-hm
B{K-ln-pp. cp Znh-ks Xm-fpsS {]`m-j-W-n CtXp-dnv kwkm-cn--W-sav At]-n-pp.'' CXm-bn-cpp t\mokv. AXns Hcp tImnbpw Fs Hcp Ipw- IqSn Hcp Ih-dn-env

430

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fd-Wm-Ipfw amkv temUvPn hn{i-an-p-I-bm-bn-cp sskZv auehnv sImSp--bp. In Cs\ FgpXn ""Cu t\mokv XmfpsS A\p-hm-Z-ap-s-n am{Xta hnX-cWw sNq.'' Atlw adp-]-Sn
sImSp--bp. ""hnj-b-n-t-ep Fs hoWw {]kw-K-n-\nS-bn Rm hy-am-m Xocp-am-\n-n-pv. t\mokv hnX-cWw
sNp--Xn hntcm-[-an.'' Atm t\mokv Rm hnX-cWw
sNbvXn. Imn-cpp.
_lp-am-\y-\mb Fs sskZv auehn hmv ]menp. Atlw
Xs {]kw-K-ns cmw `mKn- Xs hoWw hyamn. Xu-lo-Zns A-nepw hymJym-\-nepw auZq-Znv KpcpX-c-amb hyXn-bm\w kw`-hn-n-p-spw Pam-As Ckveman
auZq-Zn-k-ns {]Nm-c-I-cm-b-Xn-\m Cu hyXn-bm-\-ns D-chm-Zn-z-n Ah apJy ]m-fn-I-fm-sWpw sXfn-hp-I \ncn kzX-kn--amb ssien-bn hni-Zo-I-cnp. {]kwKw Ignp.
ktm-jn-m Imp-\n--h-cpsS apJ--fn ImtaLw aqSn.
_m_p Xzm-ln tkp-am-cpsS kq ]npW ZrV-s-Sp-p-hm \S-nb sIWn-bn X kzbw hoWtm F Pmfy-Xtbm
\ncm-itbm? _m_p tkv, Xzmln tkv Fn-h-cpsS a\-n Hcn-f-ap-mbn. X [cn-Xp t]mse-b-tm Imcy-! {]K-\mb sskZv au-e-hnbpw Da aue-hnsb kqW-ambn ]np-W-pI-bm-Wtm. ]ntv Da kpan Fn. _m_p Xzmlnam Atls Ip. {]iv\w N sNbvXp. kn.]n. ]dp. Rm\pw Cu
ho-W-n Xs-bmWv. \Zvh-ns ]WvUn-X-m-cn c-`n{]m-b-ap--Xmbn F\n--dn-bn. Da auehn B hnjbw Xs apJy
{]t_m-[-\-ambn \n-ln-p-p-shv am{Xw. Atm Ah tNmZnp. ""Xm-fpsS {]kw-K-n Cu Imcyw hy-am-mtam?''- Xobmbpw. kn.]n. ]dp. Av AXpw kw`-hnp. Atlw B hnjbw \mbn ssIImcyw sNbvXp {]kw-Knp.
]nt-m tkp-am cp-t]cpw Fs-b-Spp hp. ""R
sXn--cn-n--sp. auZq-Zn-bpsS ho-W-tmSv \Zvh-p apPmln-Zo-\v {]tXy-I-amb FXnn-spw CXv aue-hn-bpsS Nne sshIm-cnI {]iv\- am{X-amWv Fp-a-s{X R a\-n-em-n-bn-cpXv. Kpcp-X-c-amWv kwK-Xn-I Fv Rv tXmn-bn-cn-pp.'' Ah ]dp. Ah-cpsS In Hcp sIv ]pkvX-I- Dm-

431

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn-cpp. sImn k\m\m aZvd-k-bnepw Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]pt-Sn aZvdk-bnepw ]mTy-]--Xn-bmbn \S-n-ep Pam-Av ]pkvX-I--fm-bncpp AXv. Ah FtmSv Bh-iy-sp. CsXmv ]cn-tim-[nv
sXmb `mK- amv sNbvXv XcWw. Rm\n-Xn\v apt ]cn-tim[nv t_m[y-s--Xm-b-Xn-\m F\nv A[nI kabw thn-h-n.
Ah sshIp-tcw Xncn-p-t]m-Ip--Xn\p apv Fmw amv sNbvXp sImSpp. k\m\m aZvd-k-bnse amt\-Pcpw slUv Sodpw PamAv Z-Xn-I-fm-bn-cpp. ]pt-Sn ke^o- aZvd-k-bnse kZ
apZcnkv Ahn-Ss Jo_v ]n.hn. Ipn-sam-bvXo auehn Xs. ]nt-m k\m\m aZvd-k-bpsS amt\-Psd _m_p tkv B^okn-tev hnfnp. Iq-n lao-Zn-s\bpw hnfn-n-cpp. ]pkvX-I-fn ASn-h-c-bn `mK- At-ls ImWnp. hni-Zo-I-cWw
tNmZnp. AXv tI{w Xocp-am-\n-t--XmWv, X\n-smpw ]d-bm\n-s-m-bn-cpp adp-]Sn. Fn Cu kne-_kv amt-n-hcpw. sI.F.Fns kne-_kv am{Xta C\n ]T\w ]p-I-bpq Fv
_m_p tkv ]d--tm Atlw DSs\ ]dp:- AXn\p Ipg-an. AXp-{]-Imcw ]T\w \apv XpScmw. CXv tI-tm laoZv
tNmZnp: ""\nv icn-sbv Da t_m[y-ap Hcp Imcyw C{X
emL-h-tmsS Hgn-hmn thsd kzoI-cn-m-\p k-X ImnbXv F-Sn-m-\-n-emWv? Atm BZi-t-m-fp-]cn tPmenbpw i-f-hp-amtWm \n Cn-p-Xv?''- AXn\v- At-l-n\v
adp-]-Sn-bp-m-bn. kwi-b-p adp-]Sn \Im km[y-a-sn Xm Cu Npa-X-e-bn \npw Hgn-bp--XmWv t`Zw Fv
_m_p tkv ]d-bp-Ibpw XpSp AXv kw`-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]pt-Sn akvPn-Zn \npw ]n.hn. Ipn-sam-bvXo aue-hnbpw
Hgn-hm--sp.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

52
an ]pXpn
72 JXo-_mb tijw ]pXnb]n-bpsS an ]pXp-n--Wnbm CS-bmbn. CXv Hcp sImp hnj-b-ambn tXmmw. ]s, henb
]mT-ap-Xpw ]pcm-X\ an-dp-I ]cn-tim-[\m hnt[-b-am-m

432

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t{]cW \Ip--Xp-amWo kw`hw. 12 ]Xn-m-p-I-v apv ]n

\nn--tm Ipw Ipm-bhpw D]-tbm-Knv ]WnX aqv ]Sn-Ifp an-dm-bn-cpp AhnsS Dm-bn-cp-Xv. 1960Ifn ]n-bpsS
ap`m-Kv Ap kz^v^p-I hn-nv ]n hep-Xm-p-I-bpmbn. Av ]gb an-dns Xpey Af-hnepw BIr-Xn-bnepw asm-cp
an \nn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. cp tPmen-m Hcp amkw AXn\p-thn am{Xw kabw FSp-p-sh-mWv ]d-bp-Xv. an-dns Hmtcm `mKhpw Afv AtX hen--nepw ta\n-bnepw ]pXnb anlvdm_n-tev amn m]np. ]Wn ]qn-bmb tij-amWv ]gb an
\ow sNbvXXv.
Hcp Znhkw \a-kvIm-c-n\v _mv sImSp DSs\ Rm andns apn \nv kpv \a-kvI-cn tijw Ahn-sS-bn-cn-p-IbmWv. shdpsX Fs Ip-I an-dns inev]-th-e-bn-tev Npgnn-dn. bmZr-n-I-am-bmWv AXv Fs t\m-n XS-Xv.
an-dns Ccp hi-p-ap Ac-a-Xn sNcnv Xmtgmv hn-cnpp. Xmsg AXv Npcp-fmbn cq]m--c-s-n-cn-pp. B Npcp-fns
Aw Hcp CX t]mse hnSn-sh-n-pv. Fm-bn-cnpw CXns inev]n Dt-in-Xv? Rm Btem-Nnp. s]s-mWv Fs a\n Dcw shfn-hm-bXv. B\-bpsS Xpnss Xmtgmv Cdn
Npcp-n-sh-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. Xpn-ss-bpsS A-amWv B Npcp-fns
A-p CX cq]w. CtXm-sSmw asmcp Zriyhpw {i-bm-Ijnp. Xpnss Xmtgmv sNcn-n-d-p `mKv cp sImp
Iap-p-I. AXn-t ssI Xmn-bmWv Jo_v an-dn Ib-dpXv. B Ins app-I \ne-hn-f-n \npw In-\np
Xo\m-f-ns BIr-Xn-bn-em-sWv F\nv t_m[y-ambn. Ip-I
]noSv sNv \nXv anlvdm-_n-emWv.- AXns apI`m-Kv Npnepw kna v sImv h-n Nne ]Wn--c-. Btem-Nn--tm AXn\pw Dcw Inn. k-m-hp-I-fnepw t{X Ihm-S--fpsS
apI-fnepw Ip-h-cp Nne ]Wn--c-! Rm hmsX Akz-\mbn. _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS Nn- ASw sNbvX andpw anlvdm_pw! Chn-sS-bm-Wtm Rm JXz-o_pw Cam-ap-ambn \np-Xv. Xulo-Zns alXzw apkvenw-I-fn-tev {]N-cn-m XnI CJvem-tkmsS \nn ]pXnb]n-bpsS {][m\ CS- _-

433

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS Nn- t]dpp! CsX-smcp KXn-tISv!

F-s\-bm-bn-cnpw Cu A-]-I-Sw- kw`-hn-Xv-?-- Btem-Nn--tm
Innb D-c-an-Xm-bn-cpp. apIm-e--fn ]n \nm-W-ns
X-m lnp--fm-bn-cp-tm. amn-f-amv Xv imkv{X-s-pdnv am{X-a Zpbm-hn-s\-p-dnpw Atijw hnh-c-an. X-mv
]q kzmX{yw \Ip-I-bmWv ]Xnhv. ]Sn-mdp A`n-ap-J-ambn
Hcp Bcm-[-\m-ebw Dm-Ww. AXn hn{K-l- ]mSn. C{Xbp-amWv Ahp Inp \ntiw. Cu Bi-b-n Ahv ]mc-cy-ambn ]cn-N-b-ap Xp-th-e-I-\p-kr-X-ambn \nmWw
\Spw. ]pcm-X-\-amb ]n-I-fpsS sIpw apw {in-m CXv a\n-emIpw. t{X--fpsS BIr-Xn-bn-e-mWv ]e ]n-s-n-S-fpw.
]Sn-mdp `mK-tv A`n-ap-J-ambn sIn-S-ns Xd ]Wnbpw.
Jn_ve-bpsS m\w imkv{Xo-b-ambn \n-bn-m Adn-bp--h
]WvUn-X-mn-S-bnepw Xpw. Cu \ne-bn an ]n-I-fp-sSbpw
Jn_ve- t]mepw sXn-n-S-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Ccp-]Xmw \qm-ns
Bcw-`-n-emWv Cu ]ng-hn\v ka-{K-amb Hcp am-ap-m-bXv. Cu
Jn_ve "hnh'-n\v XpSw Ipdn-Xv auem\m Nmen-e-Iv Ipp-ap-l-Zv lmPn F ]cn-jvIm-hn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw \Inb t_m[-h-XvI-c-W-n-eq-sS-bmWv ]n-I-fpsS Jn_ve
icn-s-Sp-n-bXv. s]mfnv amn anlvdm-_ns m\w icn-s-Sp-pIbpw k^v^p-I-fpsS m\w AX-\p-k-cnv Nn-s-Sp-p-I-bp-am-bncpp sNbvXXv. ]g--ap Nne ]n-I-fn k^v^p-I Aev]w
]Sn-mdp hi-tv sNcnv ]Shpw ]mbbpw hncn-n-cn-p-Xv
{in-n-nt. acw- sImv Xp-th-e-I \Sn \nn ]e andpI-fnepw kqva-]-cn-tim-[-\-bn Ccw Nne A\m-imky Nn Is-m Ignbpw.
Rm Hpw sshImsX ]n apX-hn A_vZp lmPn AlvaZv
tkp-hns\ hnfnv F\nv t_m[y-s {Ia-t-Sp-I ImWnp
sImSpp. At-l-n\pw AXv t_m[y-ambn. ASp Ppap-Av
apv Xs Atlw AXv s]mfnv icn-s-Sp-m GmSv sNbvXp. As\ anlvdm_pw andpw ipo-I-cnp. Atm Fs i{Xp ]ndp-]n-dpp. ""Cbm-fnXm andpw s]mfnp. C\n-sb-sm-sbmWv Cm-Xm-pI'' Fp-]-d-p-sh-nepw hkvXp-X-I t_m[y-

434

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

am-b-tm hmbSn. Rm aq{X-p-c-bn Ib-dp-Xpw hpfq sNp-Xp-a-Sw kqva \nco-Ww \Sn hnain-m Nne `qX-m-Sn-bp-ambn Am-ev kPo-h-am-bn-cpp.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

53
Jp-B-\ns Aam-\p-jn-IX
hnip Jp-B ]Tn-m Bcw-`n Imew apX At\-I-a-t\Iw L--fn Ccn _e-n Fs a\-n ZrV-am-bn-o-Hcp hnj-b-am-WnXv. ]e Imc-W--fn-eqsS,- ]e k`--fn-eqsS,- ]e
e-p-shpw Jp-B-\ns Aam-\p-jn-IX Rm sXm--dn-npv. Rm Adn-Xpw ]Tn-Xpw Fs t{imXm-pw hmb-\mpw kt`m-NnXw ]Iv sImSp-n-p-apv. A-s\ tI-dn-h-cpsS A\p-`-h--fn \nv XnIpw hyXy-kvX-amb Hm-WnhnsS ]d-bp-Xv. Hcp hynsb \n ]cn-N-b-s-Sp--Xn-eqsS Jp-B-\ns alXzw Hcn-IqSn \nv t_m[y-sSpw. t^mvsImn Xpcpn {]tZ-iv Xma-kn-n-cp Hcp km[m-cW a\p-jy.
Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmv. Hcp tXmWn sXmgn-em-fn-bm-bn-cpp Atlw.
apkn-m-enn ]Wn-Xp-sIm-Sp tImf-\n-bnse Hcp hon-emWv Xmakn-n-cp-Xv. "_m_p Ip-l-Zv' Fv ]d-m Fm-hcpw
Adnbpw. ]Wn-q--n \npw h Hcp Cc--t-cm-WXv. Atcm-K-ZrV-Km-{X F {]tbmKw At-l-n\v t]mcmsX hcpw. AsXmcp
cn-c-n-bmn hn`m-h\ sNq. \ s]mhpw hncn amdn-Shpw
I\ t]in-Ifpw Kmw`ocyw Xpfp-p apJhpw {]uV-amb i_vZhp-ap Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmns\ ImWp-Xp Xs Hc-\p-`-h-amWv. kwkm-cn-p-t\m-p-tm hfsc hn\-bm-\zn-X\pw! {km-ns\
Fs\ hn-mepw F\nv Xr]vXn hcn. sImn-bn h tijw R ]cn-N-b-sp. Kw`o-c-\mb B a\p-jy Hcp ]q-pnsb t]mse ]Xpn Npcpv Fs apn Ccn-p-tm F\nv
Xs {]tXy-I-amb Hcp IuXpIw tXmpw. aqp-\mep t]sc-n-epap kplrZvkwL-tm-sSm-ta Atlw Fs-b-Spv hcn-Ibpq. X\nv Fs apn hcm X\nv `b-am-sWv kplr-p-tfmSv Atlw ]dbpw. Rm Hcp Xam-i-bm-bnt BZy-n AXv

435

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

FSp-pq. hj- Ign--tm-gmWv At-l-n-s lrZ-bns `mj-bm-bn-cpp AsXv F\nv t_m[y-am-bXv.

t^mvsImn Ihn tZi-p sI.F.Fw. Hm^o-kn-emWv
\psS BZi-_-p- Hp-Iq-Sm-dp-Xv. AhnsS ""jd-^p
Ckvemw aZvdk""bpw \S-p-h-cp-pv. AhnsS IqSn-bn-cpp Zo
Imcy- kwkm-cn-p-tm Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmv CS-nsS Nne
Jp-B Bb-p-I HmXn hni-Zo-I-cnpw. kv^pS-amb At-lns ssien Iqp-Imv CjvS-amWv. Ah {in-p-Ibpw BkzZn-p-Ibpw sNpw. As\ kplr-p--fpsS \n_--{]-Imcw
Atlw sImp sImp Jp-B mk-p-I \Spw. {ItaW AXv
\nXy ]cn-]m-Sn-bmbn. am{X-a Zn\hpw aqpw \mepw Xh-W-bmbn
hn]p-e-sp. t{imXm- IqSn hp. ka-bhpw Gdn-hp. As\
AXv aWn-q-dp-I \ofp mk-p-I-fmbn cq]m--c-sp. Rm hnhcw Adn-bm-dpv. Atlw hcp-tm Rm ktmjw tcJ-s-Sppw. Atm `oam-Im-c-\mb B a\p-jy e-tbmsS Fs
apn Nqfn HXpn \npw. F\n-Xv Hcn- tI-W-sav
Bi-bp-m-bn-cpp. Hcp km[m-cW tXmWn sXmgn-emfn Jp-B
\nhn-shv ]T\ mk-v \S-p Zriyw Iv B\-n--W-sa
tamlw. Cu hnhcw Iqp-Im-cn \npw Adn--tm Atlw `bs-Sp-Ibpw XpSv mk-v \S-m hnk-X
- n-p-Ibpw sNbvXt- m-,Rm Xmew Fs tamlw Dt]-np. Rm ImcWw B \
apS--cp-sXv Binp. ]noSv \psS kplr-p- P\-\n-_n-Uamb apkvenw hmk--e--fn Krl-tbmK ]cn-]m-Sn-I kwL-Sn-nm XpSn. GsX-nepw Hcp hoSns apn ssapw cp t_mIvkp-Ifpw shv Ab]--m-cmb kv{Xo ]pcp-j-msc Wnv
XuloZv {]`m-j-W- \Spw. AXv hfsc ^e-{]-Zhpw kzoIm-cyhp-ambn A\p-`-h-s--tXmsS \psS {]h-Iv Dmlw hnp. Fm Rmb-dm-gvN-I-fnepw apS-msX e- amdn-amdn Cu
]cn-]mSn \S-p-hp. Av sImn-bnse apPm-ln-Zo Hmdn-b
sslkvIq-fn Aym-]-I-\mbn Xma-kn-n-cp Fs bphkplrv sI.Fkv.sI. X Cu ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS Poh\pw izmk-hp-am-bncpp. sI.Fkv.sI. Fv am{Xw Hma-\nv \psS kplr-p-
hnfn-p At-l-s-p-dn-p lrZbw hnXp-p Fs HmI ChnsS Ctm ]Im {ian-m hnj-b-n \nv

436

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

_lp-Zqcw AI-p-t]mIpw. AXn-\m Fs hnImcw Rm AS-nn-Snv asmcp L-n-tev shp-I-bmWv. Krl-tbm-K-v ]WvUn-X-msc sXcn t]mIm-dn. sI.Fkv.sI. an-hmdpw DmIpw.
AXp Xs [mcmfw. sImn-bnse ]g-b-Ime ke^o- {]h-I\pw
apPm-ln-Zo sslkvIq-fns amt\-P-dp-am-bn-cp ]n._n. sambvXo
kmln_v nc-ambn Ay--m-\-p-mIpw. ISp bmYm-nXnI hn`m-Ka
- mb ss\\m-hK-n \npw ]c-ky-ambpw kPo-ha
- mbpw
ke^o amK-n-tev Cd-n-hv sImn-bnse ke^o- {]h\--fpsS t\Xr-\n-c-bn \n hyn-bmWv sambvXo kmln_v.
R ]c-kv]cw BZ-cn-p-Ibpw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B
_w CS-ap-dn-bmsX Cpw XpS-cpp. (sambvXo km-ln_v ASp-Im-ev ac-W-sp. Amlp At-l-n\v aKv^n-dv \Is
FUn-) Krl-tbm-K--fn F.F. laoZv, X Ip-v aZ\n
Ct-lhpw apPm-ln-Zo kvIqfn Aym-]-I-\m-bn-cpp-,- ap-en_v
am, lwk am Fn-h {]kw-K-I-cm-bn-cpp. sI.-sI. Da
apJy kwLm-S-I-\p-ambn {]hnp.
Hcn- laoZpw kplr-p-fpw tNp Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmns\ Krl-tbm-K-n kwkm-cn-m \n_-np. At-l-n\v
k`m-Iw aqew `b-am-bn-cpp. kplr-p- i-ambn t{]cn-n-tm Hcn- Ipd-p-t\cw Atlw kwkm-cnp. t{imXm-v
Ghpw CjvS-am-bXv At-l-ns {]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb i_vZ-neqsS Hgp-In-h km[m-cW ssien-bm-bn-cpp. Jp-B D-c-WnI ]d-bp-tm Hcp {]tXyI A\p-`q-Xn-bn Ah ebnp. CtXmsS {kmns {]`m-j-W-an-m Krl-tbm-K- A]qW-hpw cpNnbn Ipd-hp--Xmbpw t{imXm-v tXmn-p-Sn. k`m-Iw
hnp-am-dn-b-tXmsS mk-nse apJy {]kw-KI Atlw Xs-bmbn.
aWn-q-dp-I Ign-mepw Bfp-I ImXp-Iqn--n-cnpw. kabw
AXn-{I-an-p-tm kwLm-S-I ]cn-]mSn \nm {kmn-t\mSv
A`ynpw. t{imXm-v Atm tZjy-amWv Dm-I-pI. Cs\ {kmv P\-a-\-p-I-fn hf-cp-I-bm-bn-cpp.
Hcn- Rm Hcm-gvNs bm{Xbpw {]kw-K-fpw Ignp
sIm-n-bn aS-n-sbn. Av Rmb-dm-gvN-bmWv. ]pXnb]n
]cn-k-cv Hcp hoSns sSd-n Krl-tbm-K-apv. Xmsg t_mIvkv
shv Ab]--p kv{XoIv tIm kuI-cy-sam-cp-n-

437

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn-pv. laoZv ]dp. auehn Cv ]s-Sp-Ww. ""F\nv \

oW-apv. kwkm-cn-m h'' F-v- Rm ]dp. th, Ap
an\nv aXn, am{X-a Cv {kmns {]kwKw tIp-Ibpw sNmw.''
laoZv ]d--tm F\nv Dkm-l-ambn. Ipsd \mfmbn Bin-p-XmWv. Cu Ah-kcw ]mgm-t. GXm\pw an\n-p-I am{Xw
kwkm-cnp. tijw Xmsg t{i-mXm--tfm-sSmw ]mb-bn apn
Xs Ccpp. ASp-Xv Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmmWv. Ww htm At-l-ns apJv Xs Ipw \n-cpp. Rm ApX-s-Sp-Ibpw hmsX Akz--\m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. B henb a\pjy ITn-\-ambn hnbpp. cmw app-sImv apJhpw s\pw
XpS-pp. ssIIm-ep-I hmsX hnd-pp. h Akp-J-hp-am-bncn-ptam?! tIhn-mcpw hm-sX-bmbn. s]sv laoZv ASpv
sNv Ccn-tWm Fv tNmZnv Itkc Cp-sIm-Spp. Ctlw
c-In-nb `mh-n DSs\ Ccpp. hnd-pI Xs-bmWv. laoZv
sNhn-bn Ftm tNmZnp. Atlw adp-]-Snbpw ]dp. tijw
laoZvFs-b-Spv hv Ccpp. ]Xps ]dp: ""auehn ChnsS
\nv Fgp-tv ]nd-In {kmns ImgvN-bn \nv hnp-\nWw.
AXmWv Cu {]bm-k-v ImcWw''.- F\nv Hpw ]nSn-In-n-bn.
Fnepw Rm Fgp-tv ]nd-tImv amdn-bn-cpp. {kmv Ipsd shw IpSnp. A]w Ignp Fgp-tv ]Xps kwkmcw XpS-n.
{ItaW i_vZw Dbp. Jp-B Bb-p-I CS-nsS HmXn
apdnp apdnp Aw tInpw hni-Zo-I-cnpw hnm\w HgpIp {]uV-amb ]T-\-mv. Rm Ap-Xw -sImv Aw-hn-v- C-cpp!- Bm-Z-m Fs In Pew Dudn-\np. Hc aWn-q CS-X-S-hn-msX Hgp-Inb B hnm-\-Pew ap--h-tcm-sSmw
Rm\pw tamn-p-Snp. Av Fs Ign-hvtISv Hcn-IqSn F\nv t_m[y-sp. Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmn-s\-t]mse, t{imXm-sf
Ipw sNhnbpw Iqn-n-cp-p hnm\ kw]p-jvSh-pw lrZykp--c-hp-amb Hcp ]T-\-mk-v \S-m F\nv CXp-hsc km[n-nn. Hm-sh \m apX InXm-t_mX-n ]Tnv C-s\-sbm-sbmb Rm, Hcp km[m-cW tXmWn sXmgn-em-fn-bm-bn-cp Ipp-apl-Zv {kmns NmXpcy-n\p apn apJw Ip\np. Jp-B
km[m-c-W-m-c\v Xncn-bp-I-bn F apkven-bm-hK-ns hmbmSn--n\p apn {kmv Hcp tNmZy-Nn--ambn. CXmWv Jp-B\ns Aam-\p-jn-IX!-

438

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ad_n `mj-bpsS _me-]m-T- t]mepw ]qn-bm-m Ignbm Hcp tXmWns-mgn-emfn apkvl^v \nhn shv Jp-B
HmXn Bb-p-I apdnv Aw tInv hni-Zo-I-cn-p lrZb-hiyat\m-lm-cnX Zin--tm Jp-B-\ns Aam-\p-jn-IX HcnIqSn F\nv t_m[y-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Rm dns\ kvXpXnp. Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmns Jp-B mv sImn-bn \npw
]cn-kc {]tZ-i--fn-tev \on. Pn-bpsS ]e `mK-fpw ISp
Be-pg ]-W-nse t{imXm--fpsS h kZ-p-Isf BIjnp.
Fs Xe-ap-d-bnse alm]WvUn-X-m-cpsS kmn-[y-nepw AXv
\Sp. Ah aqv hnc shp. Jp-B-\nse GXp `mK-p-\npw Bb-p-I HmXn Atlw hnh-cn-p-am-bn-cpp. aWn-q-dpI \op-t]m-Ip mk-p-I-fn Hcp sImp sXp-t]mepw Nqn-d-bm ]WvUn-X-mv Ah-k-c-ap-m-bn. {kmns \mhn
\npw A\m-bm-tk\ \nK-fn-p hnm-\-ns ]nn-ep
Ap-X-s-p-dnv Adn-bm-\p BImw Fs a\-ns\ aYnp-sIm-n-cn-pp. AXn-\n-S-bn asmcp kw`-h-ap-mbn. alm-\mb
tUm. Fw. Dkvam kmln_v Hcn- sImn-bn h-tm k`h-im {kmns mk-v Ipdp kabw tIp. tUmIvSsd Rm\-Xn\v
\n_-n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. GXm\pw Znhkw Ign--tm tUmIvS {kmns\ Xs kztZ-i-amb \ne-q-cn-tev Wnp. Jp-B\ns Aam-\p-jn-IX F hnjbw ]ckyw sNbvXp-sImv Hcp
s]mXp ]cn-]mSn Atlw kwL-Sn-n-n-cpp. bpn-hm-Z-n-sbpw
kbkn-sbpw ]m--e-n Hcp {]uV-amb {]kwKw tUmIvS Dkvam kmln-_n \nv {ihn-m-sa \ne-bn AhnsS
Hcp h kZv Ac-tdn. tUmIvS Hcp sImp BapJ {]kw-Kn-eqsS Cs\ ]dp. ""Jp-B-\s Aam-\p-jn-IX ASp
\nanjw apX \n t\cn I-dn-bm t]mIp-I-bmWv. Ad_n
`mj ]Tn-n-n-m sImn-bnse Hcp km[m-cW tXmWn-sm-gn-emfnsb \nnXm Rm ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-pp. km[m-c-W-mv
Jp-B Xncn-bp-I-bn-spw AXv _-n\v thn am{Xw HmXm\p--Xm-sWpw ]Tn-n apkven-bm--fpsS apn-tev \n-fn-eqsS
Jp-B-\n-s Aam-\p-jn-I-Xsb Rm Ah-X-cn-n-pp.'' {kmns\
mk-v \S-m tUmIvS thZn-bn-tev Wnp. temI ]WvUn-Xm-cpsS ap\n-c-bn \nm Al-X-bp {]K--\mbn {kmv

439

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kZm hmgvn--d-bp tUmIvS Dkvam kmln-_ns {]tXyI

AXn-Yn-bmbn At-l-ns kmn-y-n hn\-b-ns Nnd-IpI Xmgvn-sh-p-sImv Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmv {]`m-jWw XpSn. Jp-B tai-p-dv Xpd-p-shv Itk-c-bn-en-cp-mWv Atlw {]`m-jWw \S-n-bXv. \o aqc aWn-q. h kZ-n
\npw Hcm t]mepw Fgp-tp t]mImsX Ap-X-tmsS AXv
{in-n-cpp. Kmw`o-cy-ap B i_vZw Ahsc `b-s-Sp-p-Ibpw
Nnn-n-p-Ibpw AXn-cv Bkz-Zn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. alm-\mb
XuloZv {]`m-j-I sskZv auehn (c-mWn) Hcn- ]dp:
""ac- W - s - - h Cl- t em- I v \S- p- - s Xmpw Adn- b p- I tbm
tIp-Itbm C F bmYmyw t_m[y-s-Spn inn
\nv P\-sf tamNn-n-m \-sfms ZoL-Im-e-am-bnt {]bXv\n-pp. Fm Huen-bm-fpw {]hm-N-I-m t]mepw A-`u-XnI-am-b- Hpw Adn-bp-Itbm tIp-Itbm sNp-n-sv Jp-B\nse Ncn{X kw`-h- D-cn-p-sImv hy-ambn kwi-b-te-iat\y sXfn-bn-p Hcp {]`m-jWw Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmn
\nmWv Rm BZyw tIp-Xv. Akvlm-_p Ilv^n-sbpw
bq\pkv \_nbpsSbpw Ncn{Xw Jp-B-\n hn-p-Xv Cu kp{]-[m\ hnj-b-n-tev hy-amb sXfn-hmbn Nqn-m-Wn-m
DX-Ip--Xm-sW Imcyw Fs a\-n-tev HmSn-sb-n-bXv Ctlw B Ncn{Xw HmXn hnh-cn-Xv tI-tm am{X-amWv.''- icn-bmWv,
Fsbpw A\p-`hw C-s\-bmWv. Rm aue-hn-tbmSv ]dp.
Cu a\p-jy Ap-X-I-c-amb hnm-\-ns tXXp-n-I
P\-v \Ip-hm {]m]vX-\m-b-sX-s\! At\z-j-W-n
{kmns _meyhpw bph-Xzhpw AXn\v {]tNm-Z-I-am-bn-cp-n. ZpamK-ns hnhn[ imJ-I-fn-eqsS ]Sp Ib-dn-bmWv Atlw
hfXv. {kmv sImn-bnse sXmgn-em-fn-In-S-bn Adn-b-s-Sp Hcp N-n-bm-bn-cpp. ]ns-sb-s\? Rm hopw Xncn.
ay-{]m-b-n-tev IS--tXmsS At-l-ns Nn-bn amw
hp. Pohn-X-n ]cn-h-\-ap-mbn. ]T\w XIr-Xn-bmbn, \nc-c-ambn \Sn. Fmepw Ad_n `mj ]Tn-msX, Jp-B
FhnsS \nv D-cn-mepw sImp sXp-t]mepw hcmsX Aw
]d-bp-hm Ign-bp Cu ApX hnZy-sbv? Hcn- Rm {kmnt\mSv Xs t\cnp tNmZnp. At-l-ns henb apJ-p

440

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sNdnb Ip-I \\-bp-Xv Rm {inp. hn\-b-tmsS, KZvK-ZtmsS Atlw ]d-bp-I-bmWv: ""aue-hn-bmWv Fs DkvXmZv''.Rm B-cy-`-cn-X-\mbn!- Rm At-l-n \npw NneXv ]Tnp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Fn-n-tm?! Ftm-Sp kvt\lm-Z-c-hp-I
{]I-Sn-n-p-hm CsXmcp amK-am-p-I-bmtWm?
A, Atm-gmWv Rm Adn-bp-Xv, Fs DkvXm-Zn-v Atlw ]q-ambn AwKo-I-cn-p-I-bm-sWv. Fs Ad_nae-bmfw
kq Jp-B ]cn-`mj Bdp hm-ey---fn-embn kn.Fv. aplZv B v kkv (Xncq-c-mSn) {]kn-o-I-cn-n-pv. B Imcyw
t\cs Rm ]-d--tm. ]cn-`m-j-bpsS LS\ hnZymn-Ipw
Aym-]-Ipw Hcp-t]mse D]-I-cn-pw-hn-[-amWv. Hmtcm Bbpw
hmp-I apdnv Aw ]dpw ]noSv Bb-ns apgp-h
kmcw sImSppw XpSv hni-Zo-I-cWw Fgp-Xn-bp-amWv Xm
sNbvXn-p-Xv. Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmv F ApX a\p-jy B
]cn-`m-j-bpsS hmey- hmn XpSw apX HmXnbpw Bh-nv hmbnpw a\x-]m-T-am-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. hj--fpsS ITn-\-amb
ZoL {]b-Xv\-n-eqsS Atlw B ]cn-`mj apgp-h-\mbpw ImWm]m-T-am-p-Ibpw Hgn-hp-k-a-b--fn-semw AXv ]p\hmb-\-bn-eqsS
a\-n ZrV-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. D]-Po-h-\-amK-n-\p sXmgn ka-b-n\p tij-ap apgp-h Im-ehpw Atlw Cu
Jp-B ]T\w XpSp-sIm-n-cpp. HSp-hn apkvl^v Xpdv
GXp `mK-sa-Spv ImWn-mepw HmXn Aw ]d-bm X-hw
a\x-]mTw Ctlw Zr-V-amn. AXv ImbvI-\n-I-fmn CX-cv
\Im sImn-bnse Ckz-vemlo kplr-p- At-l-n\v
ss[cyhpw ]cn-io-e-\hpw \In aptmv sImp-hp.
hfsc A]q-amb Hcm--cy-am-WnXv. Fs Adn-hn CXn\v
Xpey-amb Hcp DZm-l-cWw C. \npw Dm-Im-\n-S-bn-smWv Rm Icp-Xp-Xv. Jp-B-\ns apAvPnkv (Aam-\p-jnIX) ]e \nepw Ime-tZ-i--fn-eqsS Amlp a\p-jyv t_m[ys-Sp-m hgn-I-sfm-cppw. t_m[y-s-Sp--h `mKy-hm-m Xs.
A[n-Ihpw t\sc adn-mWv. Jp-B ]Tn--W-sapw AXpsm-W-sapw Hcm Xocp-am-\n-m Ahs Dt-iy-ip-n--\p-k-cnv
^e-ap-mIpw. Jp-B sImv [mcmfw t] Im^n-dm-Ip-sav ]dn-pv. AXns] Hcp kwKXn \_nbpsS Pohn-X-Im-ev

441

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xs DZm-l-c-W-ambn hn-pv. \_n-bpsS Jp-B Fgp-p-Imcn Hcm aX-{`-jvS-\mbn. X\npw hlvbv hcp-p-sv tXmpIbpw AXv ss]im-NnI Nn-bm-sWv Xncn--dn-bm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw
sNbvX-Xm-W-Xn\v \nan--am-bXv. Jp-B-\n-s\-Xn-cn hnai\w \S-W-sa-p ap[m-c-W-bn Hcm AXv ]Tn-m Xp\n-m
Ah B{K-ln--Xn-tepw Fn-tcpw. F{Xtbm A\p-`-h--fpv.
bmsXmcp ap[mc-W-bp-an-msX Jp-Bs\ kao-]n F{Xtbm hnZymk-
- c
- mb Aapkvenw {]i-kvX AXns A\p-bm-bn-I-fm-bn-on-pv. \nv sImmWv I- thXn-cn-bp-Xv. Dt-iy-ipn-aqew B{K-ln-p--Xn-t\-m hfsc IqSp-X Amlp \Intbmw. AXns D-tam-Zm-l-c-W-amWv Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmv!
Atlw Jp-B ]Tn-m Hcp-p-tm ]Tn-pI, Dsm-pI
F Nn-am-{Xta Dm-bn-cn-m hI-bpq. Ign Imes
hgn-hn Pohn-X-ns {]mb-n--ambn Jp-B ]T\w CJvemtkmsS sXc-s-Sp--tm X\nv kz]v\w t]mepw ImWm
Al-X-bn-m Db-c-n-tev Amlp At-ls Fnp!Jp-B Aym-]-I-\mbn. {]`m-j-I-\mbn. Bbn-c-v Jp-Bs
{]Imiw, Xulo-Zns alXzw tIn-m dv At-ls {]m]vX-\mn. P\-v apn, henb ]WvUn-X-mv apn
t]mepw Hcp ApX a\p-jy-\m-bn-op Atlw.
Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmns hf Fs hopw Ap-X-s-Spp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Rm ]pXnb]n-bn \nv hn-tijw Hcp s]cpm-fn\v ag-bpsS km[yX a\-n-emn \a-kvIm-cw- s]-sv CuZvKmln \npw ]n-bn-tev amn. Xte-m-fmWv Cu Xocp-am-\-ap-mbXv. JXz-o-_ns A`mhw Hcp {]iv\-am-bn-op. th-s--h-scmw JpXz-v_v {kmns\ \n_v[np. Atlw `bw -sImv ]cn-{`anp. ]s, {kmns alXzw sXm-dn kplr-p- ap]s-t]mse At-ls ss[cy-s-Spn. P\-\n-_n-U-amb kZv.
Atlw an-dn Ibdn. B an-dns Ncn-{X-]-c-amb alXzw Hcp
\nanjw At-l-ns a\-n ann-s-fn-n-cp-s-n i\mb {kmv Xo-bmbpw t_m[w -sIp hogp-am-bn-cpp. ]s, P\-fpsS ktm-j-h-Z-\-fpw Am-lp-hns klm-bhpw AhnsS
At-ls ZrV-s-Spn. L\-Kw-`o-c-amb i_vZ-n hnm\
kw]p-jvS-amb JpXz-v_-bmWv Av \S-Xv. P\-v AsXmcp

442

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A]qhpw AXym-m-Z-I-c-hp-amb A\p-`-h-am-bn-cpp. JpXz-v_ Ignv {kmv an-dn \nn-d-nb \nanjw HcSn aptmv shm
k-Xn-m--hn[w P\- At-ls hfp. sIn-n-Snpw
Npw_npw Icpw Nncnpw Ah hop-ap-np. Hcp aWn-q
Ignt At-l-n\v aptmv \om Ign-qq. Amlp
\Inb A\p-{K-l-ns henw I-dnpw Aan-Xm-m-Z-ns
hnImcw a\-n-sem-Xp-nbpw kplr-p--tfm-sSmv hon-tev
t]mbn. sImn-bn Av AsXmcp kw`-h-am-bn-cpp. Iqp-Im ]ncnp. Atlw `Ww Ign-p-sIm-n-cns s]sv s\p-th-Z\
hp. hnhcw Adnv ]cn-k-c-p--h HmSn-sbn. thZ\ ITn-\am-Ip-I-bmWv. _e-`-{Z-amb a\pw ico-chpw Hp-tN B a\pjy thZ-\-bm ]pf-bp-I-bmWv. DSs\ kao-]-p km
Bip-]-{Xn-bn Fn-p-sh-nepw Ah kzoI-cn-m Iqm-n-bn.
Xma-kw-hn\m Imdn Fd-Wm-Ipfw saUn- {Sv Bip-]-{Xn-bn-tev ]mp. Atm-tgpw {kmv t_m[-c-ln-X-\m-bn-cpp. AXn-i-amb lmv Am-m-bn-cpp kw`-hn--sXv tUmIvSam hnebn-cpn. Icp--\mb At-l-ns Icp-p a\pw IqSn-bm-btm-gmWv ac-W-n \nv c-s--sX-m-bn-cpp tUmIvSam-cpsS
\nK-a\w. AXv saUn- kbkns IWv. Amlp \n-bn
kabw Fn-bn-n-m-bn-cpp F-XmWv ImcWw. ]s, Hcp Imcyw
tUmIvSam Xd-np ]dp,- Aan-X-amb BmZw Dn-sem-Xp-nb-Xns {]Xym-Lm-X-am-Wn-sXv. Cu Ah ZpxJ-n-ep-ap-m-Ipas{X! AXv icn-bm-sWv Fs kzw A\p-`hw sXfn-hmWv. AXv
]noSv ]dbmw.
Bdv amk- tUmIvS hn{iaw \nt-inp. tPmenv t]mI-cpsXpw \njvIjnp. At-l-ns apgp-h Imcy-fpw BZi_-p- ktm-j-tmsS ]cn-l-cnp. ]noSpw {k-mv Rsf
B-cy-s-Spn. hn{i-a-Imew ]qn-bmn Atlw ]g-b-Xp-t]mse-bmbn. \o {]kw-K-fpw {]h-\--fp-ambn aptmv Xs.
Hcn- Rm D]-tZ-inp. {kmv Ipdv kqn-Ww. ZoL-amb
{]kwKw th. DSs\ Atlw ]d-bp-I-bmWv. ""AsXmpw kmc-an
auehn, F\nv hmbp tIm]n--Xm-bn-cpp. tUmIvSam-cpsS `mjbmWv Amv.'' Rm ]noSv Hpw ]d-n. At-l-ns a\xin Xf-cp-sXv F\nv tXmn. hj- ]nsbpw At-

443

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lw kPo-h-ambn Jp-B Aym-]-I-\mbn Xs Pohnp. At\Iw

t]v kvt\l-Zm-b-I-\mb DkvXm-Zmbn Ahn-S-bn Ignp.
Fs mk-p-Ifpw {]kw-K-fpw {ihn-m hn-cnpw. Hcp \
hnZymn Aym-]-Is apJv Ipw-\-n-cn-p `hy-X-bnepw
{i-bn-ep-ap B apJw Fs a\-n \npw Hcn-epw ampt]m-Ip--X. GXm\pw hj-v tijw F]-n-\m-en-emsWv Hm, hopw i-amb Am-p-mbn. AtX Bip-]-{Xnbn Xs InSp. Rm \mn-en-m-bn-cpp. K^n shmWv
hnhcw Adn-Xv. Ckohv sIb bqWn-n InS-p-tm ]cnN-cn-m amdn-amdn \np kplr-p--tfmSpw ImWm hcp
kvt\ln-X-m-tcmSpw tUmIvSam-cpsS Ii-\-amb \n_--\-I
Ah-KW
- n-p-sImv- Atlw kwkm-cnpw. FmWv kwkm-cn-pXv? ac-W-s-p-dnpw ]c-tem-I-s-p-dnpw hn-p Jp-B
hN-\- HmXn mk-v FSp--emWv. kplr-p- AXv tIv ]cn{`-anpw. Nne Icbpw. Atm {kmv Ahsc Biz-kn-npw.
As\ Fs Bkplr-mb, Rm\-dn-bmsX Fs injyXzw
lrZ-b-]qw kzoI-cn Ipp-ap-l-Zv {kmv Am-lp-hn--tev
bm{X-bmbn. Am-lp-hns kmn-y-n \np ktm-j-{]-Zamb Biw-k-I kzoI-cn-p-sIm-m-bn-cnpw Fs {kmv Cu
temIw hnp-t]m-b-sXv Fs a\v a{n-pp. Ad-_n-bn Hcp
Nnml-amb I-hn-X- ho-pw- Hm-mw-.
""\ns D \ns {]k-hn--tm \o Ic-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-p-htm.
Bfp-I ktm-jnp Nncn-p-Ibpw Bbn-cpp. AXn-\m \ns
ac-W-L--n \o ktm-jnv Nncn-p--h-\pw- A-h- I-c-bp--hcpw- B-m-X-hw \n\v thn Am-\n-pI.''AsX, {kmv t]mb-tm Bfp-I Ic-bp-I-bm-bn-cpp. ]s,
Atlw Nncn-p-sIm-m-bn-cnpw t]mbXv. Am-lp-hns {KtmSv ]penb AXy-Km-[-amb kvt\lhpw AXv P\--fn-se-nm-\p A\]-amb Bth-ihpw AXn-\mbn \S-nb hn{i-a-c-lnXamb {]h-\-fpw Xo-bmbpw ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp-I-Xs
sNpw.
Bip-]-{Xn-n-S--bn shv Atlw th-s--h-tcmSv hkznv sNbvXp. Rm acn-m Fs auehn hs-n-bm Atl-am-bn-cn-Ww Fs anv \a-kvIm-c-n\v Cam-av. Cs-n

444

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fs {]nb kvt\ln-X lk-Ipp B IrXyw \S-Ww. B

hm Adn--tm Rm Icp. a\-p-cpIn {]mnp. kzK-n F\nv At-l-ns kl-hmkw A\p-`-hn-m `mKyw
e`n-Ww. Fs injy-\mbn kzbw {]Jym-]n--pw AXns F-mw
BZ-c-hp-Ifpw F\nv HuZm-cy-ambn \Inbpw Fs ktm-jnn {kmns Fm ]m]-fpw Imcp-Wy-tmsS dv amv sNbvXp sImSp-p-am-dm-Is.
{kmns ASp an{X-amb lk-Ipp kmln-_n-s\-p-dnv
cp hmv ]d-p-sImv Cu Aymb-n\v hncmaw \Imw.
Rm ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-tm Ctlw ISp kn.F. `-\m-bn-cpp.
\ hmb-\-m-c, ]Tn-p--h. ]Tn-Xv ap--h-cn-tev ]I-cm
{ian-p Hmw-Xcw {]t_m-[-I. {kmns IqsS \nm Hcp
Ipn-bpsS hen-ta At-l-n-\pq. h-nepw s]m-nepw
kn.F. {]iv\-n R Xn kwkm-cnv Hn-Sp. FtmSv ITn-\-amb tZjy-am-bn-cpp. F\npw As\ Xs. GXm\pw amkw As\ IS-p-t]mbn. Hcp Znhkw ]pXnb ]n aZvd-kbn Ipdv kplr-p-mbn Rm Hcp ]T-\-mk-v \S-p-I-bmbn-cpp. Atm F.F. lao-Zns tPyjvT A_vZp Akokv,
lk- Ipn-sb Iqn-sm-p-h-cn-Ibpw Rsf Xn temly-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Akokv kmln-_n\v Cu AI
Ak-ly-am-bn-tXmn, R-fn-cp-h-scbpw Atlw hfsc kvt\ln-ncpp. Akokv kmln_v 82 laoZv Zm-an-em-bn-cp--tm lmv
Am-n s]sv ac-W-sp. At-l-n\v Amlp s]mdp-psIm-Sp-s. Av lk- Ipn kmln-_p-ambn temly-s--Xn-\ptijw R ]no-sSm-cn-epw ]nW-n-bn-n. kvt\lw IqSp-X
_e-s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. kn.F. aue-hn-bpsS hyXn-bm-\-
At-l-n\v {ItaW t_m[y-sp. Atlw Fs i-\mb klIm-cn-bm-bn-op. Hmw-Xcw {]t_m-[-I-\mWv lk- Ipn
kmln_v. Htsd km[m-c-W-msc Atlw Zo ]Tn-np. Bfp-I
Bh-iy-s-Sp-tm-sgmw {kmn-s\-tmse Xs Dm-l-]qw
Atlw mk-v \Spw. At-l-ns \nc--c-amb {]t_m-[\
kwcw-`-m sI.F.Fn\v sImn-bn cv bqWn-p-I Xsbp-mbn. {]mb-n Fs-m ctm aqtm hb-n\v Xmsgbm-bn-cnpw. Ctm Atlw oWn-X-\mWv. Fnepw Ign-bp-n-S-

445

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tmfw ]n-bn Fp-Ibpw Fm-h-cp-ambn k-s-Sp-Ibpw

sNpw. Rm sImn-bn Fn-bm hnh-c-a-dnp Atlw ]mp-hcpw. B kvt\l-{]-IS-\w Fs a\v \\pw. F\nv
thn {]mnpw. {kmns B kplr-m-bn-cp lk-
Ipn sImn-bnse Ckvemlo kplr-p--fp-sSbpw kvt\l`m-P-\-amWv. Fsbpw. BZi_-n-eqsS hf-cp kvt\lw
]e-tmgpw Ip-Spw-_-_--t-m k-hpw klm-b-I-hp-am-bno A\p-`-h- hf-sc-bpv.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

54
Xh-fsb sImm ]mSptm?
1970IfpsS a[y-n-emWv, kk-_o-en-tev C{]-Imcw Hcp
tNmZyw hXv. ]e Imc-W--fp-m-bn-cpp CXn\v. Rm Av
sImn-bn-emWv. sImn-bnse ^nj-dokv m]-\--fn \nv tImSn--W-n\v cq]-bpsS Xh-f-m-ep-I Ata-cn, {^mkv, {_n
XpS-nb cmPy--fn-tev Ibn Ab-n-cpp. KWy-amb hntZ-i\mWyw e`n-p Cu ]cn-]m-Snv kmcpw _mp-Ifpw henb
klm-b- \In-hp. tIc-f-nepw ]pdpw e`n-p Xhf-IfpsS h tiJ-c-amWv \nXyhpw sImn-bn hp-tN-cp-Xv. As {][m\ Ib-p-a-Xn-m CtUm-a-ssd GPkokv Bbn-cpp. Ib-p-a-Xn-p Cym Khsans AhmUpw Ah Ic-amn. B I-\n-bpsS DS-a- alqw kmse apl-Zv C_vdmlow tkv Bbn-cpp. At-l-am-Is, Av \Zvh-p apPm-lnZos kwm\ Ay--\p-am-bn-cpp. Cu ]m--e-n-emWv
tNmZyw D-hn-Xv. Atm AXns {]m[m\yw Duln-m-atm?
Rm IWn-i-ambn FgpXn. AXv ]mSn-m--XmWv. \_nbpsS
ASp- Hcp sshZy Hcp acp-n-s\-p-dnv ]dp. AXn Xh-fsb tN-W-sapw ]dp. Atm \_n Xh-fsb sImp-Xv
hntcm-[np. Cu lZokv adp-]-Sn-bn Rm D-cnp. acp-n-\p-th-n
t]mepw ]mSn-sv hcp-tm km[m-cW `-W-n-\mbn Hcn-epw
]mSn. XpSv teiw ]m-ew hnh-cnp. Rm kpDuZn Atd_y-bn Ign-bp Imew. sImn-bnse CtUm assd GPko-

446

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kns Hcp tNmZyw CXp-kw-_--ambn hp. Rm ta {]Imcw adp]-Snbpw \In. ]s, \psS {]apJ ]WvUn-X-m AXn\v hntcm[-an Fv adp-]Sn \In. AXns ASn-m-\-n Fs A`n{]mbw \ncm-I-cn--sp. Ah hyh-kmbw Bcw-`n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cu Imcyw ]d tijw adp-]-Sn-bpsS Ah-km-\-n, ""]WvUn-Xm C-s\-bm-bm Fp-sNpw'' F Hcp hmN-Ihpw FgpXn.
adp-]Sn henb Ne-\-ap-mn. sImn-bnse apkvenw Ib-p-a-Xnm Bi-m-`-cn-X-cmbn. sI.F.Fns kwm\ {]kn-Uv
F \ne-bn Ghpw henb FIvkvt]m-dmb kmte tkp-hn\v
IqSp-X Akz-X CXq-aq-e-ap-mbn. Atlw Fs adp-]Sn Nqn-m-Wnv tIcf PwC--p De-av Iv sImSpp. FtmSv
Atlw t\cnv kwkm-cnp. PwC--p Deam {]kn-Uv Fw.
ssiJv apl-Zv aue-hnbpw ap--hcpw CXn\v hntcm-[-an FpwRm D-cn lZokv Zp-e-am-b-Xn-\m aX-hn-[nv ]p-I-bn-spw ]d--Xmbn tkv Fs Adn-bnp. Rm Iqm-n-bn. Fs
A`n-{]m-b-n Dd-p-\np. PwC--p Deam hnwMv Inn
hnfn-p-Iqn {]iv\w N sNt--Xm-sWv Rm hmZnp. As\ Inn hnfnp. Rm\pw AXn kw_-np. N \Sp. HSphn cv A`n-{]m-b-fpw hnh-cn-p-sImpw tcJ-I \nc-n-smpw {]_-- Ah-X-cn-nv AXn-t N-bm-Im-sav Xocp-am\np. As\ 1976 Pqembv amk-n hopw IqSm \n-bnp.
Xh-fsb sImm ]mSn F hnjbw m]n-p-sImv {]_w
sImp-h-cm Fsbpw hntcm-[-an Fv sXfn-bn-p {]_w
Ah-X-cn-n-m PwC--p Deam {]kn-Uv ssiJv apl-Zv
aue-hn-tbbpw tbmKw Npa-X-e-s-Spn. ssiJv aue-hn-bm-Is Av
Pohn-n-cn-p lZoYv ]WvUn-X-m-cn Hm-a-\mWv. Rm Atls Kpcp-Xpeyw BZ-cn-p--h\pw. ]s, Hcp ]T\ N-sb
\ne-bn Rm Dmlw ImWnp. IqSp-X Adnhv t\Sm CXv
klm-b-I-am-Ip-atm.
\n-bn--s Znhkw Rm Fs Adnhn-\-pw Ign-hn-\p-samv
Hcp sImp {]_w Xm-dmn ]pfn- tN Inn apmsI
Fn. Fs Gsd ZpJn-X-\m-p-Ibpw \ncm-i-\m-p-Ibpw sNbvX
Hcp Zn\-am-bn-cpp AXv. {]kn-Uv lmP-dm-bn. At-l-amWv
FXn {]_--ns Imhv. Gsd Kth-j-W-]-chpw ]T-\ml-

447

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hp-amb Nsb {]Xo-nv Fnb ]ecpw \ncm-i-cm-bn-cp-p-shv F\nv a\-n-embn. ssiJv auehn AXv kw_--ambn Fgp-Xnb Hcp teJ\w Bcp-tStbm ] sImSp--bp. X\nv Fm
Ign-bp-I-bn-s--dn-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atlw ImWn \nkw-KX
Apw Cpw F\nv Dsm-m-\m-bn-n. Fs {]_w hmbnp. At-l-n-tXpw. ]s, Imcy-amb N-I CmsX B
tbmKw ]ncnp. hopw AXp-kw-_--ambn Hcp N \S--Xp-an.
As\ Ib-p-aXn hyh-kmbw \n_m[w XpSp.
Fm hn hf-bn-se-p-Ibpw AXn-c kmZyw t\Snsm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX B hyh-kmbw Hcp henb Zpc--n-emWv
Iem-in-Xv. tImSn-I hne-a-Xn-p Nc-p-I hyh-km-bn-I-fpsS
] tmp L-n Xh-f-m-ens HmU-dp-I-sfmw s]sv dmbn. Ghpw henb `mKw Ib-n-tm-bn-cp-Xv {^mkn-tem-bn-cp-p-hs{X. BZyw Iymk-em-bXv AXm-bn-cpp. Hcp-Xcw
AWp-_m-[-bmWv Imc-W-ambn ]d-b-s-Xv. B dm- Xocp-am-\n- Ghpw henb X-ta-Xv kmte tkp-hns m]-\-n-\mbn-cpp. hn tiJcw HmU Imp-In-S-n-cpp. AXv apgp-h
IS-en Xp-I-bm-Ws{X Dm-bXv. B XI-bn \npw Ctm
assd GPkokv ]noSv Ic-I-b-dn-bn. XpSv ka-c--fpsS Hcp
]c-c Xs-bp-mbn. Gjy-bnse Ghpw henb cm-as
Im\nv ^mIvS-dn-bm-bn-cpp kmte tkp-hn-tXv FmWv ]d-ptI-Xv. kacw sImSp-n-cn-sIm-p-Ibpw hnp-ho-gvNbvv sXmgn-emfn
kwL-S-\-I Xm-dm-Im-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXXv sImtm kmnI XI sImtm,- ImcWw F\nv hy-a,- ]s B ^mIvSdn Fs-t-p-ambn ]qn. \nb-am-\p-kr-X-amb apgp-h Ah-Imi-fpw \In Fm-h-tcbpw ]ncn-p-hn-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. ]noSv
XI-bpsS Hcp Zpc--]-c--c-bmWv IXv. Cy-bnepw hntZ-ipw
{]iw-k-\o-b-amb \ne-hm-c-n-te-p-b Hcp hyh-kmb m]\w
h--q-Py-n-tev {ItaW C-{]-Im-cw- Xmgvp-t]mb Hc-\p-`hw
Fs Adn-hn thsd-bn. F\nv AXns hni-Zmw-i--sfmpw
Adn-bn. ]d-m a\-n-em-Ip-I-bp-an. Rm hf-sc-tbsd ZpxJnp. kmte tkp-hns HuZmcy lkvXw sNs-m Hcp aXm-]-\hpw tIc-f-n Dsv tXmp-n. kmaq-ln-Ihpw PohIm-cp-Wy-]-c-hp-amb apgp-h Imcy-pw At-l-ns \ntem-

448

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

`-amb klm-bw e`n-n-cpp. At\-I-a-t\Iw km[p-v hni--Sm\pw hnj-a-X-I-f-I-m\pw B s]n-bnse ]Ww hmcn-tm-cn-smSp-n-cpp. Fsbpw Fs amkn-I-bp-sSbpw Da KpW-Imw-nbpw klm-bn-bp-am-bn-cpp Atlw. ktm-j-tmsS sImSp-pI
F AXn-a-l-mb kz`mh sshin-jvSy-ns apIp-tSm-Zm-l-c-Wam-bn-cpp kmse tkv. At-l-ns Cfb ktlm-Z-c al-v-q-Zv
tkphpw CXn tPyjvT-t\mSv a-cn-p-I-bmtWm Fv tXmntm-bn-pv. C{X-tbsd hn\-bm-\zn-X-\mbn Rm Hcp [\n-I-t\bpw
thsd In-n-. Cu Xh-f-m Ib-p-aXn aqe-amWv Aho
]X\w kw`-hn--sX-mWv Fs Adnhv.
Fm-bmepw Xh-fsb ]nSn-p-Xpw sImp-Xpw \psS kmcpw ]noSv \ntcm-[np. hn ]cn-nXn {]iv\- CXp-aqew
kw`-hn-p-p-s-mWv imkv{Xob ]T\w sXfn-bn-Xv. Xh-f-I-fp-sS
hwi-\m-i-amWv sImXp-Ip-I s]cp-Im Imc-W-am-b-sXpw ]dbpp. sImXp-Ip-I ]c-p tcmK--fpsS `bm-\-IX sshZyimkv{Xw Ctm P\-sf Adn-bn-pp. ag-mew hm Xh-fI-fpsS Ic-nsImv \psS cmPyw apJ-cn-X-am-bn-cpp. Ctm
\ni_vZw! acp-n\v thn-t]mepw Xh-fsb sImp-Xv {]hm-N-I
\ntcm-[np. Fs-m-w- Imcy- AXn Aeo-\-am-bn-cp-p-shv \ap--dn-p-IqSm. {]hm-N-I Hcp Imcyw \ntcm-[n-p-tm
k--\mb Am-lp-hns \nt-i-{]-Im-c-am-sWv Xo. AXn-e-S-nb tZmj- a\p-jy C\nbpw Is-m-\n-cn-p--tXbpq. Xo-bmbpw `uXn-I-amb tZmj-smw AXn\v Bob-amb asmcp hihpw DmIpw. AXns Ghpw henb DZm-l-c-WamWv ]n-bn-d-n-bpsS \ntcm-[\w. [mcmfw tcmK-v CXv `np-Xv tlXp-hm-bn-o-cp-sav sshZy-K-th-j-I-m ]d-bpp.
]s, tImSn--W-n\v a\p-jy AXv hninjvS t`mP\hkvXp-hm-bn
kzoI-cn-p-pv. Ah-scmpw C-d-b-s-Sp tcmK-v ASn-aI-fm-Ip-n-t-m. aX-\n-tj-[n-I Cs\ ]pnp. ]s, ASp-Im-ev sshZy-imkv{X Kth-j-I ]n-bn-d-n-sb-p-dnv ]pdv
hn hm `bm-\-Ihpw Nnn-n-p--Xp-amWv! nc-ambn Cu amwkw `pPn-p kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m-cn ssewKn-I-amb kZm-Nmc \njvT
Cm-Xm-Ip-sav sXfn-bn--s-p-hs{X! CXv Cu Pp-hns hKkz-`m-h-am-Wvt]m. Cu arKo-b -Zp-kz-`mhw a\p-jy-cn-tepw ]I-cm

449

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]n-bpsS amwkw nc-ambn `n-p-Xv hen-sbmcp Imc-W-am-Ipp-s-mWv imkv{X \nK-a\w. kz-w- C-W-tbm-Sv- a-\p-jy- Im-Wnp-- A-Sp--hpw-- hn-iz-kv-X-X-bpw- ]-n-bn-d-n- I-gn-p--h-v- C-mXm-Ip-a-s{X.- ]-n-bp-sS- kz-`m-hw- D-m-Ip-sa--w.- ]mmXy \mSpI-fn hnf-bm-Sp ssewKo-Im-`m-k--fpsS Fhpw hhpw ImWptm Cu \nK-a\w Xn--f-bm Ign-bp--X. CW-I Xn
Dm-bn-cn-t am\-kn-Ihpw imco-cn-I-hp-amb kzIm-cyX B P\X-bn Csv Xs ]dbmw. `mcy ]c-]p-cp-j-m-cp-ambpw ]p-cp-j]c-kv-{Xo-Ifp-am-bpw- kzX-{-ambn Agn-m-Sp kZm-Nmc iq\y-amb
Hcp kwkvImcw ]n-amwk t`mP-I-cpsS PohnXssien-bn-em-bn-cnpp. IqSp-X hni-Zo-I-cn-t--Xn-tm. Am-lp-hn-sbpw dkqen-sbpw \nti I]-\-I-fn AS-n-bn-cn-p hkvXp-X-I
Hsm-mbn P\-v t_m[y-s-p-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bmWv. hnizmkw et_m-d--dn-I-fn G]n-t hnj-b-a. lZo-Yp-I sImpsImp \ymb- D-bnv Xn--f-bp {]h-WX PqXm-bn-kns kzm[o\w aqew \ap-n-S-bn hn-p-I-bmWv. `b-s-SWw. t]-nsb `b-p--Xp-t]m-setbm AXn-t\-m Gsdtbm `bs-SWw. Amlp Imp-c-n--s.
Xh-fsb sImp-Xv \ntcm-[n--s-p-sh-nepw ]eXpw ]Tn-m\pw a\-n-em-m\pw CXn hI-bp-m-Ip-sa hnizm-k-n 1976
sk]vXw-_ ew kk-_o amkn-I-bn {]kn-o-I-cn Fs
{]_--nse {]k `mK- IqSn ChnsS tNs. (Ad_n
aqew Hgn-hm-n-bn-pv FUn-)
dkqs ASp- Hcp sshZy Hcp acp-n-s\-n ]dp.
CXn Xh-fsb tN-W-sapw ]dp. Atm dkq Xh-fsb sImp-Xv hntcm-[np.
Camw AlvaZv_v\p l AhIv ]pdsa Camw C_v\pamP, Camw \kmCu, Camw Zmcnan, Camw ss_lJn, C_v\p lP AkvJ-em\n Fn-h-scmw Cu lZokv tcJ-s-Sp-nbn-pv. Bcpw CXn\v bmsXmcp tZmjhpw ]d-n-n. CXv sXfnhn\v aXn-bm-b-Xm-sWv Fm-hcpw IW-m-n-b-Xmbn ImWpp.
am{X-a Camw Zl_n CXv kzlo-lm-sWv hy-am-n-bn-cnpp. Camw C_v\p Jnw kmZp aB-Zn ]d-bpp:- \_n

450

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xh-fsb sImp-Xv hntcm-[np F-Xns ASn-m-\n AXv

acp-n tNp-Xv lem-em-Ip-I-bn-sv Camw AlvaZv ]d-ncn-pp. Camw AhI apkv\-Zn tcJ-s-Sp-nb A_vZpd-lvam-\n_v\p Dkvam AhI-fpsS lZoYv, \_nbpsS ASp-
Hcp sshZy Xh-fsb acp-n tNp--Xn-s\-n ]d--tm
Xh-fsb sImp-Xv \_n hntcm-[np F lZo-YmWv. Jm\q
F {K-ns Imhv ]d-bpp:- Xh-f-bpsS ctam amwktam Bsc-nepw `n-m Ahs tZlw \ocp-sh-p-Ibpw \ndw
amdp-Ibpw C{nb{kmhw Dm-Ip-Ibpw sNp--XmWv. AXn-\m
Xh-f-bn-d-n-bpsS tZmjw `bv CXns D]-tbmKw sshZy-m Dt]np.
lZo-Yn tcJ-s Huj-[-ho-cy-ap hkvXp-sf kw_-nv
hnh-cn-p Aymb--n-emWv CXv ]d-Xv. {]kvXpX {K-n asm-cn-Spw CXv ]d-n-pv. ldm-amb km[-\--sf-sImv
NnIn sNm ]mSn F Aym-b-n-em-WXv. Ahn-Ss hmNIw:- Hcp sshZy Xh-fsb acp-n tNp--Xn-s\-p-dnv \_n
tbmSv tNmZnp. Atm AXns\ sImp-Xv \_n hntcm-[np
Fv Camw \kmCubpsS kp\-\n Dv.- (t]Pv 106) Camw C_v\pJn-w AwKo-I-cn-p-sIm-p -X-s-bmWv CXv tcJ-s-Sp-n-bnp-Xv. AXm-bXv Cu lZokv sXfn-hn\v aXn-bm-b-Xm-sWv Atlw a\-n-em-n-sbv hyw.
Camw C_v\p lP AkvJ-em\n AhIfp-sS- "_peq-Kp
admw' F {K-n Cu lZokv tcJ-s-Sp-n-tb-Sv "kp_p-ep-eman'- ]d-bpp: Cu lZokv Xh-fsb sIm ldm-am-sW-Xn\v tcJ-bm-Ipp. CXn \npw Xh-f-amwkw `n-p-Xv ldmam-sWv a\-n-emmw. Fp-sIm-s-m Xn- ldm-a-m-bn-cpp-sh-n sImp-Xv hntcm-[n-p-I-bn-m-bn-cpp.
apXJ AJv_mdn- "sImm I]n-p-Itbm sImp-Xv
hntcm-[n-p-Itbm sNbvXXv aqew Xn ldm-am-sWv a\-n-emm-hp- Pohn-I'- F Hc-ym-b-apv. AXm-bXv \_n Nne
Pohn-Isf sImm I]n-n-pv. Nne-Xns\ sImp-Xv hntcm-[nn-pv. B I]-\-bn \npw Cu hntcm-[-n \npw AsXmpw Xnm ]mSn-sv a\-n-emmw. A-s\-bp Pohn-I G-

451

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sXm-s-sbv hnh-cn-p Hc-ym-b-apv. AXn ]e Pohn-Isf

kw_-np h lZo-Yp-I D-cn-p Iq-n {]kvXpX sshZy-cpsS lZokpw Ds-Spp. ChnsS \bvep HuXz-m-dn ]d-bpp:
""Xh-fsb Xn ldm-am-sW--Xn\v Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-Ipp.''
Camw AhI Cu lZoYv sXfn-hn\v aXn-bm-b-Xm-sWv k-Xn-ncn-pp.
Camw A_q-l-\o^ AhI Cu lZoYv D-cn tijw ]dbp-p: ""Xh-fsb Xn ldm-am-sW--Xn\v Cu lZoYv sXfn-hm-Ipp,- Fp-sIm-s-m \_n AXns\ sImp-Xv hntcm-[n-phtm Fv apZncn AhI ]d-n-cn-pp. acp-n-\p-th-n
Xh-fsb D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xn-t\-bmWv Cu lZo-Yn hntcm-[n-n-p-Xv. IqSp-X hnp-ho-gvNbvv Ah-Im-i-ap Huj-[-ns D]-tbmK-n-\p-t]mepw Xh-fsb sImp-Xv hntcm-[n--tm ]ns km[m-cW `-W-n\p Hcn-epw \nhr-n-bn-m--Xm-Ipp.''Xhf Pe-Po-hntbm Ic-Po-hntbm FXv Hcp {]iv\-amWv. Ppimkv{Xw ]Tn ]e-tcmSpw Rm CXn-s\-p-dnv At\z-jnp. cpa FmWv Dcw Inn-bXv. ""Ic-bnepw sh-nepw Hcp-t]mse
Pohn-p-Xv'' FmWv Poh-im-kv{X-n Xh-f-sb-p-dnv ]Tn-np-Xv Xs. Ic-Po-hn-bm-sWv hcp ]w Adp-msX `nm ]p-I-bn. Adp-m Xh-fv Igp-n-tm. Pe-Po-hn-bmsWv hcp--]w AXmcpw `-W-nt\m hn-\tm D]-tbmKn-p-n. Xh-fsb D]-tbm-Kn-p--h AXns\ ]nSnv Poh-t\mSv
IqSn Imep-I am{Xw shn-sb-Sp-p-Itbm As-n Hcp-Xcw Huj[w Ienb emb-\n-bn apn-n-Snv izmkw apnp sImp-Itbm BWv sNp-Xv. Cu cp k{-Zm-bhpw aX-ZrjvSym icn-b.
amc-I-amb ]e tcmK-fpw ]c-p {]mWn-bmWv sImXpIv.
sImXp-Ins\ `n-p Pp-hmWv Xhf. sImXpIv \io-I-c-W-n\v Xhf D]-I-cn-p--Xp-t]mse {]Ir-Xn-bn asmcp hkvXp C.
Xh-f-bpsS kmaqly\io-I-cWw sImXp-Ins AXn-h-\-hn\v
Imc-W-am-bn-p-sv Poh-im-kv{X--m Fgp-Xnb Nne teJ-\-fn ImWpp. IqSmsX Irjn-bn-S--fn-ep D]-{Z-h-Im-cn-I-fmb
{]mWn-Isf \in-n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-Xv Xh-f-I-fm-sWpw- AXns\
Cm-bva sNp-Xv sImv Irjnv htXm-Xn tZmjw kw`-hn-

452

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-p-s-p-amWv Ij-I-cpsS ]cmXn. ]e-Xcw acpp-I sXfn-p-t\m-n-bnpw CXn\v th{X ]cn-lmcw ImWp-n-sv Hcn-
"amXr-`qan' ]{X-n {]kn--s-Sp-nb Hcp teJ-\-nepw hnp-m-bn-cpp. Atm Xh-f-Isf \in-n-p-Xv `uXn-I-amb ]e
tZmj-pw Imc-W-am-Ip-Xv {]Xy--ambn sXfn-n-cn-pp.
]e-Xcw {]mWn-I-fmWv Xh-f-I-fpsS apJy Blmcw. {]mWn-Isf
Xnp hf-cp Xh-f-Isf `-W-n\v D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv a\p-jycpsS Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb \ne-\nn\v hfsc tZmj-am-bn-o-cp-sav
tUmIvSam A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-pv. temIm-hym-]mc Itm-f-nXh-f-Ip AXn-{]-[m-\-amb m\-amWv CXv ]d-bp--Xn \npw Ahsc ]nn-cn-n-p Imc-W-sa--h ]d-bpp. Jm\q
F {K-n hn-p--Xmbn apI-fn D-cn A`n-{]mbw Cu
\nev Nnn-p-tm hfsc {]m[m\yw Aln-p-pv. kao]
`mhn-bn sshZy-imkv{Xw CXn-s\-p-dnv Kth-jWw \S-m
\n_-n-X-cm-bn-o-cp-sapw As\ CXns tZmj-^ew shfns-Sp-sapw Rm {]Xo-n-pp. Bb-Xn-\m Xh-fsb sImpIbpw AXv Xnp-Ibpw sNp-Xv ldm-am-sWv lZoYv ]WvUn-Xm-cpsS hy-amb A`n-{]m-bs Rm Da hnizm-k-tmsS
kzoI-cn--Xmbn {]Jym-]n-pp. (kk-_o 1976 sk]vXw-_)
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

55
tNmtZym--c-n-eqsS Hcp kplrZv_w
sImn-bnse PohnXw Fs kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Hcp hnf-sh-Spp-Im-e-am-bn-cpp. Hcp hnv hnX-m \qdp-ta\n Innb A\p-`hw.
\ hf-ap av. hnizmkw hn-pp. hnm-\-h-\-hn\pw
CXv klm-b-I-amIpw.
{]i-kvX\pw {]K--\p-amb hyn-bpsS Bm kvt\lw
e`n-m\pw F\n-l-a-m ]cn-K-W-\-Iv Rm hnt[-b-\mIp-hm\pw CS-bmb kw`hw.- CXn Nne hnm\ imJ-I-fpv. Fs hmb-\-mv AXv D]-tbm-K-s-tmw. _lp-am-\y-\mb Cu
hyn Bscv BZyw ]dbmw. tIcf ]nIv kokv Io-j
sadpw ]noSv AXns sNbam-\p-ambn ZoL-Imew tkh-\-a-\p-

453

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

jvTnv- sImp-I-d-t]mepw ]pc-fm Ic--fp-ambn kaqlay-ntev Cd-n-h Xnf-p hynXzw. At-l-amWv Sn.Fw. kmhm Ipn kmln_v. F{X-bmWv At-l-s-p-dnv Fs a\-n-ep
hen--sav IS-em-kn hc-p-Im-Wn-mt\m A-c-sImv
FgpXn {]I-Sn-n-p-hmt\m km[y-a. 1973\v apv Rm At-l-s
Adnbpw. A{Xtb Dm-bn-cp-pq. At-lw- ]n.Fkv.kn. sNbam\mbn Xncp-h-\--]p-cv Ign-bp Imew. sImn-bn F\n-smcp
tNmZyw At-l-n-t-Xmbn X]m-en hp. [mcmfw tNmZy-
Ab-p-In-n-bn-cp Imew. Ign-bp-{X Rm adp-]-Snbpw Fgp-Xp-ambn-cpp. 73 s^{_p-hcn e-n AXv {]kn--s-Spn. tNmZyIm--fpsS t]cv hnhcw ImWn-m-dn. ""Bsf t\mmsX
sXfnhv t\mpI''- Fm-Wtm kk-_o-ens ap{Zm-hmIyw. B
tNmZyhpw adp-]-Snbpw \nv {]tbm-P-\-s-tmw F hnizmk-n AXn-hnsS ]Ip-I-bmWv.
(tNmZyw) \n-b-ambpw apAvan\p-I-fm-bn-p--h, blq-Zn-I-fm-bnp--h, \km-dm-, km_n-D-I Fn-h-cn \n-pw Am-lphnepw Ay-Zn-\-nepw hniz-kn-p-Ibpw kIw A\p-jvTn-pIbpw sNbvX-h-cmtcm Ahv Ah-cpsS dns ASp- AhcpsS {]Xn- ^ ew \n- b - a mbpw Dv . Ahsc kw_- nv bmsXmpw `b-s-Sm-\n. Ah hyk-\n-p--h-cp-a. (262) Cu Bbns Xm]-cy-{]-Imcw GXv kap-Zm-b-ns]--hpw c-bpspw Am-lp-hnepw Ay-\m-fnepw hniz-kn-p-Ibpw k-I-w A\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw sNbvXm aXn, apkven-am-bn-sm-W
- s
- a-n,
apl-Zv \_n-bn hniz-kn--W-sa-p-an Fsms hcp-p-tm. Fpw ]nSnbpw InmsX ]e-tcbpw hfsc hnj-an-n Hcp BbmWv CXv. {]i-kvXcpw {]K--cp-amb ]e ]WvUn-Xam-cp-ambn
N- sNbvXnv Zmlw Xon-n. aX-cw-Kv al-mb tkh\w
\n-ln-p-sIm-n-cn-p kk-_o-em-Ip ip Acphn Fstm-ep--h-cpsS Zmlw ian-n-ptam?
Dcw: blq-Zn-Iv am{Xta Am-lp-hns {]oXnbpw ]c-temIv tamhpw kzKhpw e`n-p-I-bpq Fv blq-Zn-I hmZnp.
{In-kv-Xy-\n-I-fm-b-h-v- am-{X-ap-X
-- m-Wv- A-sX-mw- F-v- {In-kv-Xym\n-Ifpw- hm-Zn-p.- hmZ-tIm-em-l-e--fpsS ]ncn-ap-dp--n Imcy-ns ImX-emb hiw Fm-hcpw ad-p-I-fp. CXp-t]mse apl-Zv

454

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\_n-bpsS kap-Zm-b-amb Iq--, R Ghpw Da kap-Zm-b-amsWpw Rpw R-tfmSv tN-hpw am{Xta c-bp-qshpw XXz-Zo IqSmsX hmZn-pp. AsXmpw icn-b-spw
icn-bm-bn-p-Xv C-Xm-sWpw Cu Bb-n Am-lp ]Tn-npp. Bb-ns kmcw Cs\ Npcpn ]dbmw. GXp kap-Zm-bn s]-h-\m-b-Xp-sImpw bmsXmcp KpW-hp-an, tZmj-hp-an,
kmap-Zm-bn-Im-Sn-m-\-n-e; Am-lp-hns {]oXnbpw ]c-temI
tamhpw e`n-p-Xpw e`n-m-Xn-cn-p-Xpw. blqZ kap-Zm-b-n P\n--Xp-sImv bmsXmcp KpW-hp-an. tZmj-hp-an. apl-Zv
\_n-bpsS IpSpw_ ]c--c-bn P\n--Xp-sImpw Hcp KpW-hpan. Bk-dns aI-\m-b-Xv sImv C_vdmlow \_nv bmsXmcp
tZmj-hp-an. \qlv\-_n-bpsS aI-\m-b-Xp-sImv B Im^n-dmb a\pjy\v bmsXmcp KpW-hp-ap-m-bn. Imcy-ns ImX-em-b-hiw
CsXm-p-a. kXy-hn-izm-khpw kZm-Nm-chpw B kzoI-cn-pthm
Ah c-sp. B AXv cpw \nc-kn-pthm Ah \inp. ap bmsXmcp ]cn-K-W-\bpw Ahn-sS-bn. ]c-tem-Iv kzKw
Bin-p-sN-p--h Rm C {]hm-N-Is aI-\m-sWv ]d-m {]th-i\w Inp-I-bn. \nb-a-{]-Imcw \c-I-n \nv,- Rm
C {]hm-N-Is aI-\m-sWtm C ssiJns apco-Zm-sWtm
]d-m tamN\w e`n-p-I-bn.
CXmWv Bb-nse hnjbw. Cu hnjbw Jp-B-\n hf-sc-b[nIw Bhn--s-n-p--XmWv. Hv ChnsS D-cnmw:- ""\nfpsS hymtam-l-tfm, thZ-m-cpsS hymtam-l-tfm Hp-a Imcyw.
h-h\pw ZpjvIw {]hn-p--]w AXn\p X {]Xn-^ew
Ah\v \I-sSpw. Am-lp-hn\v- ]p-d-sa- X-\n-v- H-cp- an-{X-s-bpwk-l-m-bn-tb-bpw- A-h- I-s-p-I-bp-an-.- B-Wm-I-s-,- s]-m-I-sB- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-sm-v- k-{]-h-n-I- sN-p-p-thmA-h- kzK-n {]th-in-p--Xm-Ipp. Ah Ati-jhpw t{Zmln--s-Sp-I-bn'' (4:123,124) Am-lp-hns Xr]vXnbpw ]c-tem-Iv kzKhpw GXm-bmepw Rpv, thsd-bmp-an F
hnNmcw XXz-Zo--Iq-SmsX shp-sIm-n-cp-Xv tIhew hymtam-lam-sWpw AXv \S-m-Im-\p--X-spw \ymb-am-bn-p-Xv C-XmsWpw At-bw ChnsS kv]jvS-am-n-bn-cpp.
262 ]d--Xn \npw tNmZy-Imhv Nqn-m-Wn--Xp-

455

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t]m-se-sbmpw {Kln-s-Sp-m ]p-I-bn. blqZ aX-ns

Cs \ne-b-\p-k-cnv Am-lp-hn-s\-n hniz-kn-p Hcp
blqZn Fp sNbvXmepw Ah\v Am-lp-hns {]oXnbpw ]c-tem-I
tamhpw Inp-sav Bb-n \npw {Kln-m \nhr-n-bn.
Fp-sIm-s-m blq-Zn-bm-bm t]mcm,- Am-lp-hn icnv
hniz-kn--W-sa-m-Wtm Bb-n ]d-bp-Xv. Atm blqZn
Am-lp-hn hniz-kn-p-nt Fv hmZn--s-tmw. AXns
adp-]Sn:- Am-lp-hns al-Xz-n\v tbmPn-m ]eXpw blqZn
hniz-kn-p-pv. Hcp DZm-l-cWw. btlmh a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-sa-Spv
`qan-bn Cdn hv bAvJq_v \_n-bp-ambn KpkvXn-]n-Snp; tXmp
aep \_n btlm-h-bpsS s\n Ib-dn-bn-cpp,- Fs km\
]c--c-bn Btcbpw Ah Fp Ipw sNbvXmepw imiz-X-ambn
\c-I-n-env inn-p-I-bn Fv k-Xn-m am{Xta hn-b-pI-bpq Fv iTnp ]dp. Ah-km\w btlmh AXv k-Xn-psIm-Spp. C{]-Imcw hniz-kn-p a\p-jy B hnizmkw Dt]nv tJZnp aS-msX Fs\ c-sSpw?- Am-lp-hns alXz-n\pw ]cn-ip-npw tbmPn-p Xc-n hniz-kn-Ww.
Fn am{Xta c-bpq F-XmWv Bb-ns hnh.
CXp-t]mse {InkvXym\n Am-lp-hn-s\-n hniz-kn-p--sX-v?
sNm sXn\v a\p-jy-sc-sbmw ]m]n-I-fm-sWv hn[np. a\pjy-cpsS ]m]w ]cn-l-cn-p--Xn-\mbn btlmh a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-sa-Spp. Ipcn-in Ibdn acnp. hni-Zmw-i--fn-tev Ctm {]th-inp-n. Cu hnizmkw a\-n sImp \S-p--h Fs\
c-sSpw? hkv{X-n ImjvSw ]pc-m Nmchpw Imchpw tkmp-anv NqSv sh-n Igp-Inb tijw hopw hmk\ tkmv tNp ipn-bm-n-bm am{Xta D]-tbm-Kn-m ]q. B ImjvS-ns Ah-in-jvStam ZpK-tam Ah-ti-jn-p Ime-tmfw B
hkv{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-m ]p-I-bn. CXp-t]mse sXmb hnizm-k Xqp-am-p-I-b-msX \nhr-n-bn. lnp- ssZh-s-n
hniz-kn-p Imcy- FSpv ]d-bm-Xn-cn-p-I-bmWv t`Zw. {]mb]qn-bmb ]p{Xn ]p{X-msc- Iqn-bn-cpn ]d-bm ]m--XmWv
Ah-cpsS ]eXpw.
tam-n\v \nZm-\-ambn Bb-n ]d Hm-as Imcyw
Am-lp-hn hniz-kn-pI F-Xm-Wtm. FmWv hniz-kn-t-

456

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

-sX hni-Zo-I-cWw FhnsS \nv Inpw? Cu Bbv Dsmp thZ-n \npw a\p-jy-cpsS apn CXv Ah-X-cn-n
{]hm-N-I-\n \npw Xs e`n-Ww. AXv am{Xta HutZym-Kn-Ihpw
A[n-Ir-X-hp-am-Ip-I-bpq. AXv IqSmsX Xn-jvS-{]-Imcw Bscnepw hni-Zo-I-cWw sImSp-m AXv A\-[n-Ir-X-amWv. ]cn-KWn-s-Sp-I-bn. ]cn-K-Wn--s-tS--Xn. Bb-n cm-a-Xmbn
]d-Xv ]c-temI hnizm-k-s-p-dn-m-Wtm. AXns Imcyhpw
CXp-t]mse Xs. blq-Znv am{Xta tam-ap-q-sh blqZo
hnizm-khpw {InkvXym-\nv am{Xta tam-ap-q-sh {InkvXy
hnizm-khpw As\ Hcp ]c-tem-I-an-s lnp hnizm-khpw
Fmw ASn-m\cln-X-fpw \oXn-hn-cp--hp-am-Ipp. AXn-\m
]c-temI hnizm-k-ns hni-Zo-I-cWw hnip Jp-B-\n \npw
Jp-B-\ns {]hm-N-I-\n \npw Xs e`n-t--Xm-Ipp.
apl-Zv \_n-bn hniz-kn-p-I-sb--Xn-s\-n Bb-n ]dn-n-tm Fv A`n-{]m-b-s-tmw. ]s, Hcp Imcyw ChnsS
im-ambn Nnn-t--Xpv. apl-Zv \_n-bn hniz-kn-p-I-sb-Xn Ghpw {][m-\-am-bn-p-Xv Atlw Am-lp-hn \npw
hlvbv e`n--bm-fm-sW--Xm-Wtm. AXv hniz-kn--hv am{Xta
Cu Bb-ns\ B[m-c-amn kwkm-cn-p-hm Ah-Im-i-apq.
{]hm-N-Is\ \ntj-[n-p--h Cu Bbv {]am-W-amn kwkmcn-p--Xn Fv \ymb-am-Wp-Xv? {]hm-N-Iv e`n hlvbn
s]-Xm-Wtm CXv. CXv icn-bm-sWv k-Xn-p-tm CsX-hnsS
\np hcpp? Fs\ hp? F-Xn\v hgn ImW-W-atm. Atm kzm`m-hn-I-ambn apl-Zv \_n-bpsS hlvbnepw cnkm-e-nepw
hniz-kn- A\n-hm-cy-ambn hp-I-gnp. ]ns, Hp-Xv CXpam{Xw hniz-kn-nv ap--sXmw Xnc-kvI-cn--emWv. AsX-s\
icn-bmIpw? Hcp hnZymn tImtfPv {]nkn-m-fpsS B^o-kn
sNv apd {]Im-c-ap Chyq Ignp AUvan-j hmn mn {]th-in--Xn\p tijw ]yq hp \ns {]nkn-m hnfnpp Fv ]d--tm [n-cn-p-Ibpw Rm At-ls
{]nkn-m-fmbn AwKo-I-cn-p-n, As\ Hcm-fpsS B
A\p-k-cn-t _m[yX F\n-n, Rm Fs CjvSm-\p-k-cWw
am{Xta {]hn-p-I-bqq Fv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXm Ahs
KXn-sb-m-bn-cnpw. \ymbhpw bp-hp-amb \S-]-Sn-sb-m-bn-cn-

457

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

pw? {]nkn- m- f ns \ne- ] mSv icn- s h- p- s Imm- W - v Ah

BZyta Atmv sNn-p-Xv. Atm \ymb-amb Fm hnj-b- f nepw Ah A- S - hpw acym- Z bpw ]men- t - - X msW- v
BmWv a\-n-em-Im-Xv?Am-lp-hnepw Ay-\m-fnepw hniz-kn-p-Ibpw k-
A\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw sNbvXm Xo-bmbpw tamw e`n-p-sa
{]Jym-]\w temIw {ihn-Xv {]hm-NI t{ijvT-\mb apl-Zv \_n
bpsS \mhn \nm-bn-cpp. AXv icn-sh-p Hcm Fs-nepw hnj-b-n apl-Zv \_nsb [n-cn-p-sb-Xv Fs\
\ymbo-I-cnpw?- Adn-p-sImv Xn-jvS-{]-Imcw {]hn-p-]w {]hm-N-I\v Ah k-Xn-p-sIm-Sp-n-p \ne-]mSv Ah
Xs \ntj-[n-p-Ibpw ]n-h-en-p-I-bp-at sNp-Xv. \a-kv-Imcw, t\mv XpS-nb ]pWy-I- A\p-jvTn-n-s-nepw hn-tcm[-an-sv tNmZy-Imhv ]d-Xv icn-b. ta hnh-c-W-n
\nv AXv \mbn {Kln-m-hp--XmWv. ]s, Hcp Imcyw DWm-\pv. Bbp-jvImew apgp-h\pw _nw_m-cm-[-\-bn apgp-In--gnn-cp A_q-Xzm-en_v ac-Wm-k--\m-b-tm \_n ASpv
sNv AXy-[nIw BImw--tbmsS ilm-Zv Iena sNmm
Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw \nv thn Jnbm-av \mfn Am-lphns ASp- Rm ip]mi ]dbmw Fv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Atm "emC-eml C-mlp' Fp a\--dnp sNmn, DS acW-s-p-sh-n kzKw e`n-m Ah-Im-i-ap-sv ChnsS hcpp-tm. Atm \a-kvIm-chpw t\mpw Hpw \n-ln-m-sXbm-Wtm ChnsS c Inp-Xv. Cs\ Hcp cq]w am{Xw FSpv
]d-bm-\pv. {]hm-N-I-\n hniz-kn- A\n-hm-cy-ambn hp Ignp-sh-mWv ChnsS ]WvUn-X-m ]d-bp-Xv. F-s\-sb-m
B XXzw temIv {]Jym-]n-p-hm \nbp-\-pw AXns t]cn
bmsXmcp hnp-ho-gvNbpw IqSmsX XymKw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-p-
hyn-bm-WnXv ]d-bp-Xv. AXv kzoI-cn-p-tm At-l-ns
B \ne-]mSv A\--c-`m-j-bn k-Xn- hp Ignp. Fm-
]noSv Xpdp {]Jym-]n-p-hm kuIcyw Inp-tm AXn-s\mpw aSn-p-Ibpw AcpXv.''Cs\ adp-]Sn {]kn-o-I-cn--Xn\v Xmsg {_m-n C{]-Imcw
FgpXn.- tNmZy-Im-hn\v Cu adp-]Sn Hcp-hn[w lrZy-amtbm F-

458

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

dn-bm B{K-ln-pp. GXm\pw Znh-k-v tijw Iv hp.

adp-]Sn At-l-n\v lrZy-am-b-Xmbpw hnj-b-ns ImX t_m[y-s--Xmbpw B In Fgp-Xn-bn-cpp. Rm Am-lp-hns\ kvXpXnp. _pn-Po-hnbpw {]i-kvX-\p-amb At-l-n\v Fs apdp]Sn Xr]vXn-bm-sW--dn--Xn Gsd ktm-jnp. Cu _w
ZrV-amb kplr-Zv_--ambn hfp. Xncp-h-\--]p-cv sNp-tmsgms At- l s Adn- b n- - W - s av \n_- - a mWv . Rm
K^n \ntm kpDu-Zn-bn \ntm Xncn-p-h-cp-tm Xncp-h-]p-c-mWv hcp--sX-n apIqn Adn-bn--W-sav Ii-\-ambn
]dbpw. As\ Atlw HutZym-KnI IrXy-\n-l-W-n-\n-S-bn ka-b-ap-mn t\cs Fbt]mn-sepw. Xs ]Z-hn-bpsS
]n_-e-n Atlw t\sc AIv Ibdn hp Fs _mKv
Xqn-sb-Sppw. Rm hne-n-bnv Imcy-an-sv a\-n-em-bn-pv.
Fs Iqn-sm-p-t]mIpw. Cu \ne-bn Al-X-bn Ihn
BZ-chv \In Fs kmhmIpn kmln_v kvt\lnp. Atlw
DX ]Z-hn-bn \npw dn-b sNbvX-Xn\v tijhpw _w ]qm-[nIw in-bn XpSp. tImgn-tmSv Xma-k-am-n-b-tm
R an-tmgpw ImWpw. Ftm Imepw Hcp ]p ImgvNt]mse Bm-Z-tmsS Fs kzoI-cn-p-Xv hm Hc-\p-`-hamWv. XncqmSv ]e-tmgpw Fs ImWm bm{X sNbvXv hnpv. Fgp-tv At-ls kzoI-cn-m Rm Hcp-s-Sp--Xn\p
apv Xnc-n-sbn Fs ssI]n-Snv Ccppw. Fsmcp kvt\-lw!
henb a\p-jy henb hn\-b-io-e-cm-bn-cnpw. Id-]p-c-fm a\pw
ip-amb ssII-fp-ambn D-X-amb ]oT-n \npw [oc-ambn kaql-a-y-n-tev Cd-n-h-cp--h-cpsS Fw \psS \mn Ipdp-h-cn-I-bmWv. Akp-J-I-c-amb Cu Imem-h--bn, Ccp
\nd s]mXp-th-Zn-bn kmhmIpn kmln_v ip-amb \nemhv
]c-pp. Fs kplrpw BZi-_-phpw Fs KpW-Imwn-bp-amWv Atlw. Xs cmjv{Sob Kpcphpw alm-\mb kap-Zmb
]cn-jvIm--fn {]ap-J-\p-amb P. koXn-km-ln-_n-s\-p-dnv
Atlw Hc-\p-kva-cW {Kw cNn-n-pv. kmhmIpn kmln_ns \njvI-f--amb kvt\l-hmbv]v Hcp \n[n-t]mse Fs a\v
Imp-kq-n-pp. acWw hsc AXn\v Hcp t]md t]mepw hccp-sX-mWv Fs B{K-lhpw {]m-\bpw. t]mcm, ]c-tem-Ipw

459

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\ kplr-p--fmbn, kl-hm-kn-I-fmbn kzK-n Ign-bm

Amlp A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

56
IWn-bm-]p-cv \npw Htcm
IWn-bm-]pcw Xncp-h-\--]pcw Pn-bn-emWv. Cu {]tZ-i--fp-ambn
F\n-p-m-bn-cp IpSpw-_-]-c-amb _w t\cs hni-Z-am-n-bXmWv. Hcp tPyjvT AhnsS IpSpw-_-Xm-akw Dd-n-Xpw At-lns afpw sNdp-a--fp-ambn IpSpw_w AhnsS hnI-kn-Xpw
Rm ]d-n-cpp. Cu \nev IWn-bm-]p-c-hp-ambn ZoL-Im-es
_w F\n-pv. BZi-_--ap Ipsd kplr-p-fpw AhnsS-bpv. Ah-cpsS W-a-\p-k-cnpw Am-sXbpw Rm IWn-bm-]pcv t]mIpI ]Xn-hmWv. AhnsS sNp-s]-m an-hmdpw Hcp {]kwKw \S-pI A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-ocpw. ChnsS Rm hnh-cn-p-Xv
Fs BZi _p-hmb A_vZp-emw lmPn-bpsS W-{]-Imcw
Hcp {]`m-jW ]cn-]m-Snv sN-tm Dmb kw`-h-amWv.
Hmw Znhkw {]kwKw Ignp. Fs Xmakw A_vZp-emw
lmPn-bpsS hon-emWv. ]ntv cmhnse Hcp kwLw kpn-I AhnsS-sbn. Fs ImWm h-Xm-bn-cpp. Ah ]dp; C.sI.
lk- apkvenbmcpw Im-]pcw A_q-_- apkvenbmcpw Cse
cm{Xn hs-n-bn-pv. \Xv Xs, Rm ]dp. hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Zn\v \n Xm-dptm Fv tNmZn-m Ah Rsf Ab-XmWv, Fp ]d-bpp? DSs\ Rm ]dp, Xm-dn. Fm \n--hsc t]Sn-bmtWm? Fmbn Ah. Ah FtmSv X--fpambn FXn-cn--Sm- Xs-bmWv `mh-sav a\-n-em-b-tm F\nv
ipWvTn hp. Ipdv ISp--n-emWv Rm adp-]Sn \In-bXv. AsX,
F\nv ]e-Xn-s\bpw `b-amWv. aqJ ]mv, t]n, kpn apkvenbm XpS-nb Pp--sfbpw a\p-jy-tcbpw F\nv `b-amWv. AXp-sImm-W-v hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v Rm\n-sv sXfn-bnp ]d--X.v
Atm Fp-m-sbv \n Duln-p-p-mIpw. AsX, AXpt]mse Xs-bp-mbn. tZjyw-]n-Snv Iptd No-hn-fnp. ImWn-pXcmw F shp-hn-fnbpw Iq-n tIp. Rm anm-Xn-cpp.

460

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ipd-p Ignp Ah Xncn-p-t]mbn.

Av cm{Xnbpw Fs {]kw-K-apv. CXn-\nsS kemw lmPn hnhcw t^m hgn sImn-bn-se-np. Fs Xmakw Am-ev sImn-bn-emWv. sX taJ-e-bpsS {]t_m-[\ Npa-Xe hln-p-Xv
Av Fv.C. AlvaZv Xzmln tkp-hm-bn-cpp. Fs {]nb--c-\mb
F.]n. A_vZp JmZn auehn Am-ev ]pt-Sn ke^n akvPn-Zn JXz-o-_mWv. Av hnhm-ln-X-\m-bn-n. Xpfp-p bphXzw,
lrZy-amb Nncn, Bcpw CjvS-s-Sp s]cp-amw, BIj-Wo-b-amb
{]kwKw CXymZn KpW- s]mXpsh BIj-Wo-b-am-Wtm. ]eXcw ss_p-Ifpw aueoZv dmo-_p-I-fnse hcn-Ifpw lrZy-kp-c-amb CuW-n ]mSn inv _nZv-A-p-I-fpsS tZmj-h-i-
Bb-p-I-fp-sSbpw lZo-Yp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn--n hni-Zo-I-cn-p
a[pc at\m-l-c-amb F.]n.bpsS {]`m-j-W- sX tIc-fns ]e-`m-K--fnepw Hcp ]pXnb {]t_m-[\ XcwKw krjvSnp.
In-t`-Z-at\y F.]n. F sImp a\p-jys henb {]kwKw
tIm P\- Iqw-IqSn. Rm At-l-ns apn cmat\m aqm-at\m Hs-bmbn. F\nv i-\mb Iqm-fn-bmbn hj Xs Atlw sImn-bn Ignp. sImn akvPn-Zp apPmln-Zo JXz-o-_mbn hnP-Rm\ {]K- sI.kn. A_q-_- auehnbpw F\nv Iqmbn Dm-bn-cpp. C{Xbpw ihpw a\-sm-cp-hp-ap Hcp Iqp-sIv Fs {]t_m-[\ Pohn-X-n hnc-f-ambn
am{Xta A\p-`-h-s-n-pq.
IWn-bm-]p-c-p-\n-p hnhcw Xzmln tkp-hns\ Akz-\mn. Atlw th-s-h
- c
- p-ambn Btem-Nnp. Im-]p-chpw lk-
apkvenbmcpw AhnsS X-Sn-n-cn-pp. \psS auehn AhnsS HmWv. Bsc-nepw ChnsS \npw DSs\ t]mtb ]q. Xzmlntk-phns B kvt\lw Fpw Hm-bn HmSn-sb-m-dpv. Atlw
DSs\ F.]ntbbpw F.F. lao-Zn-t\bpw IWn-bm-]p-c-tv Abp. F{X s]s-mWv Ah Imcy- \on-bXv. F.]nbpw laoZpw D-I-gn--tm-tgpw kemw lmPn-bpsS hon-sen. Ah-cpsS
hchv F\nv ktm-jhpw Bizm-k-hp-ap-mn. Bi-b-hn-\n-a-bn\pw D]-tZ-i-n\pw Bfm-btm. cmw Znh-ks {]kwKw
XpSn. ]Xn-hn-tesd P\-qw. ImcWw hy-am-Wtm. F\npw
Bth-i-ambn. inv]-c-amb hnizm-k-s-Xn-cn Xulo-Zns
amlmyw Dbn-mn i-amb `mj-bn Xs Rm kwkm-

461

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cnp. Hcp ISp hnai\ {]kw-K-am-bn-cpp AXv. Av cmhnse

Dmb hnj-b-fpw Rm {]kw-K-n Acw hnSmsX shfnhmn. A-s\-bn-cns s]s-smcp tNmZyw Inn. {]kw-K-n-\n-Sbn hcp tNmZy-sf A[n-Ihpw Rm Ah-K-Wn--emWv ]Xnhv.
Rm {]kwKw ]qn-bm-nb tijw Bh-iy-ap-sv tXmn-bm Nne-Xn\v Adn-bp adp-]Sn ]dbpw. s]mXpsh Adn-b-s-tS hnjbw tNmZy-n-e-S-n-bn-p-s-n kk-_o-en-eqsS adp-]Sn hmbnmw Fv ]dbpw. Av AhnsS Innb tNmZyw C-s\-bmWv.
""apkven-bmcpw aue-hnbpw Xn-ep hyXymkw Fv?''- Hcp alm
hnIr-Xn-bpsS krjvSn-bm-Wn-sXv \npw tXmp-nt? F\n-s\ tXmn. tNmZy-Imhv apPm-lntZm, kpntbm AYhm
h bpn-hm-Zn-bptam? Hpw a\-n-em-Ip-n.
bpn-hm-Zn-bmb Hcm aX-tbpw kap-Zm-b-tbpw ]pn-m\pw ]cn-l-kn-m\pw sIn-bp-m-nb Hcp tNmZy-am-bn-cnmw Fv
Icp-Xn-smv D-c-n-\mbn bpn Xs tXSn a\v k-cnp.
a\v F AZr-iy-hkvXp hm-smcp ]nSn-In-m {]Xn-`m-ka
- mWv.
{]kwKw Rm XpS-cp-I-bmWv. AXn-\n-S-bnIqSn tNmZyw hmbnp.
tNmZy- n- e - S - nb Zpcq- l - X - s b- p- d npw Btem- N np. t{imXmv - Nnbpw Nncnbpw Htc ka-bv \Im-\p-X-Ip Hcp adp]-Sn-p-th-n a\v Binp. hfsc ko-amb ]e Imcy-fnepw \nan- j - Iw Hcp Xocp- a m- \ - s a- S p- t kml- N cyw
F\nv Dm-bn-pv. Xocp-am\w FSp-n-pv. a\v AXn-mbn
Hcp-n.-- Fsm-c-pXw? Am-lp-hns krjvSn-n-ep A]m-c-amb
cl-ky-! Nne-tm kzm\p-`-h-n-eqsS \mw AX-dn-bpp.
Fnpw a\p-jy dns\ \ntj-[n-pp. \cIw krjvSn-Xv IWni-amb \oXn-bpsS ASn-m-\-n Xs-bmWv.
Fs a\-n Hcp adp-]Sn cq]-sp. Rm {]mnp,- CXv P\v Nncn-bn-eqsS Nnbvv D]-I-cn----Xm-t-Wta. {]kwK-n {]Xn-]m-Zn hnj-bhpw Dt-in ka-bhpw tijw ]qnbmn. tijw tNmZyw hmbnp. adp-]Sn Bcw-`np:- \mtem Atm
hbv am{X-ap cv Ipn-Isf ASpv hnfnv kuay-ambn aqpw
cpw Av Fp ]d-p-sIm-Sp-pI. AXv Ah-sc -sImv ]ehw ]d-bn-nv \mbn ]Tn-n-pI. aqpw cpw Fv tNmZn-m
cp-t]cpw sRmSn-bnS Av Fv ]d-bp-n-Sv ]T\w Fn. tijw asmcp tNmZyw; An \npw aqp-t]m-bm _mn-sb{X?

462

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hcm Aw-hnv angn-p-\npw. Ah-\mWv apkven-bm. A]-c

s]sv Dcw ]dbpw cv Fv. Ah auehn Xs. kwi-bnt.- t{imXm--fn A[n-I-t]cpw Nncnp Xe-Xn! Nne apJ-
{]Xn-Im-c-`m-h-n Idp-n-cp-fp-Xpw Ip. Nncn-b-S-n-b-tm
Rm hni-Zo-I-cnp:- Nncn-tb-m ChnsS Nn-bvmWv m\w.
Fs Bfp-Ifpw _p-fpw apkvenbm FmWv sNdp--n
hnfn-Xv. Av F\nv Nn Xosc-bn-m-bn-cpp. tIXv ]Tnpw,IXv ioenpw. X ]q Fv ]d-bp--Xp-t]mse. Ipsd Ign-tm Ah-m-cw Dmbn. NneXv tNmZn-m tXmn. ]s, `bw sImv ]nnp.- Fm a\v AS-n-bn. tNmZnp.
""Ipcp-w-sI--ht\'' Fm-bn-cpp adp-]Sn. Kpcp-\m-Y-\n \nm-bncpp CXv BZyw tIXv. Kpcp-\m-Y-t\bpw P\w apkvenbm Fm-Wv
hnfn-p-Xv. At-lhpw Nnn-m kzbw Iqm-p-n. in-jy-msc AXn-\-\p-h-Zn-p-p-an. Fs tNmZy-v Rm ]n-oSv adp]-Sn-I tXSn-tmbn. adp-]Sn Xcn-Ibpw Fs Nnsb Nne- t{]mm-ln-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn Ghpw {][m\n sI.Fw. aue-hn
kmln_v Xs. Atlw apv Xn apl--ZvIpn apkv-enbm-cm-bncpp. Atlw Nnn-p-Xp-S-n-b-tm \ndsb ^ew Im-bvp
Hcp hS-hr--ambn.- apkvenbm {]tbmKw At-l-n-\n-W-p--Xsv Isn. As\ sI.Fw. aue-hn-sb-mn. CXv a\-nem-b-tm F\npw Xncp-t-n-hp. Cu Ah aX-cw-Kv
Cpw XpS-cp-I-bmWv. Jp-B ]d-bpp, Ahv lrZ-b--fpv.
]s, Ah Nnn-p-n. AXp-sImv \n Nncn-pI am{X-a,
Nnn-p-Ibpw thWw. t{imXm--fpsS hZ-\--fn sXfn- `mh F kwXr-]vX-\m-p-Ibpw ktm-jn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

57
Pam kmdpw sX BcymSpw
cp t]cp-Ifpw a\-n \npw amp-t]m-Ip--h-b. Pamkm Be-pg kztZ-in-bmWv. Ad_n Aym-]-I-\m-bn-cpp. Ctm
dn-b sNbvXp. InXm-_p-I t\mn Imcy- {Kln-m-\p
ssh`-h-apv. Fs ]gb Hcp kvt\ln-X\pw XnI XuloZv

463

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hnizm-kn-bp-amWv. Atlw 70IfpsS Bcw-`-n Be-pg ]-Wn \nv Ipdv Dn-tev amdn sX BcymSv F {Kma-n-
IpSpw-_-ambn Xma-kn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. P-tZ-ihpw AXv Xs-bmsWp tXmpp. 72 Rm sImn-bn Xma-k-amn GXm\pw
amk- ]nn--tX-bpq. Hcp Znhkw Pam km Fs t^mWn hnfnp. Xs tZi-amb sX Bcym-Sn d_o-D A-ense
auenZv BtLm-j-hp-ambn _-sv Hcp {]kw-K-]-cn-]mSn al-ns
B`n-ap-Jy-n \S-p-hm Xocp-am-\n-n-pv. ]v Znhkw \o
]cn-]m-Sn-bmWv. BZys Ap Znhkw F\n-mbn Pam km
_pv sNbvXn-pv Fv Adn-bn--tm Rm A-cp. CsXsmcp ]pXpa! aueoZv BtLmj hAfv ]c--c-bn F\nv apJym-\tam? Ccw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS \me-b-ev Ah Fs ASpn-p-I-bn. Rm ASp-p-I-bp-an. ]no-SmWv CXns Dp-In ]nSn-In-n-bXv. B {Kma-n-ep kpn-Iv Fs Adn-bn.
Pam km kzw \mp-Im-c-\m-b-Xp-sImpw Ad_n hmym F
\nepw Fs kw_-nv tIfn-tI Hcp apkven-bm-sc \nev
]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n-b-Xn-\mepw In-n-m k-Xn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. CXv thtWm? Rm At-l-tm-Sm-cmp. thWw. hfsc kq{X-n Hn-s-Sp Hc-h-k-c-amWv. AXv \ \b-]-c-ambn D]tbm-K-s-Sp-Ww.- Zo\o hnj-b-n XnI A-cm-Wn-hn-Ss apkvenw-I. Pam km ]dp. Xs al-nse P\-v
kXy-ns ktiw Fn--W-sa AS-m A`n-em-j-am-bncpp At-l-n\v. t\mokv I-tm-gmWv Pam km Fs-pdnv Ahv \Inb Nn{Xw hy-am-bXv. sI.Da auehn dm_nXz {]Xn-\n[n FmWv AXn ImWn-n-p-Xv. bYm-n
As\ Hcp m\w F\n-n-m-bn-cpp. Dm-bn-p-an. kpDuZn
aX-{]-t_m-[\ hIp-mb Zmdp C^vXmC-s {]t_m-[-I-cpsS Iqn Fsbpw \nb-an-n-cpp. Cu ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS L-n B
\nb-a\w hn-p-an.
Fp-am-Is, Pam kmdns \n_--]q-amb \o-n\v
Rm hgn. kzw \mn-tev shfnw \Im-\p At-lns AXym-{Klw I-tm thsd \nhr-n-bp-m-bn-cp-n.
\nnX Znhkw Rm Atmv t]mIm-s\m-cpn. sImn-bnse
kvt\ln-X-m Hv t]mIm Fs A\p-h-Zn-p-n. XnIpw

464

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A]-cn-Nn-X-amb Hcp ev, BZi _p--fmbn am-cp-an-m

kml-N-cy-n Ccw Hcp ]cn-]m-Snv Rm X\nv t]mIp-Xv
A]-I-S-am-sWv Ah ]dp. Gp-t]mbn. C\n Fm-bmepw
t]mIpI Xs F \ne-bn Rm Dd--tm Hcp kwLw kplr-p- Ftm-sSmv hcm Xm-dmbn. R aKvcn-_ns
ka-bv Ahn-sS-sbn. alv ]n-bnse Pam-Av Ign-bm-dmb
t\cw. R AXv Ignp thsd Pam-A-mbn \a-kvI-cnp. \akvImcw Ign--tm ]n-bn h-hsmw sNdp-]gw hnX-cWw sNpp. aueo-Zns t\-bm-Wvt]m. R-fn ]ecpw Hmtcm ImcWw ]dv AXn \nsm-gn-hmbn. Nne hmn Ipn-Iv sImSpp. Fs \o XmSnbpw Xe-mhpw Iv `ym-Z-c-]qw Bfp-I Nppw-IqSn. Nnev ssI]n-Snv apw Xc-W-sa-pv.
Rm AXn-\p Ah-kcw \In-bn. Fs IqsS h kvt\lnX-mv Ahn-Ss Cu Imn-q--en Dmb t_Pm Ah-cpsS
apJv {]I-S-am-bn-cpp. Pam km Fm-bn-Spw ]cw ]mp
\S-p-pv. hnim-e-amb ssaXm\w Ae--cn-n-cn-pp. Iey-m-W--en ImWpw-t]mse h--f-n sImp-sImp __p-I-fpsS
N-hp-apv. Fs In-n-mcpw Pam kmdpw tNv BZ-c-]qw
B\-bnv tPn-tev sImp-t]mbn. kmam\yw \ Bq--apv.
Fs Iqp-Im ap\n-c-bn Xs Ccn-p-d-np. h Ipg--ap-mbm Fs AXn \npw cn-m-\p apI-cp-X-em-WnXv. hh-cn A[n-Ihpw AXn\v X tijnbpw ss[cyhpw D-h-cm-bncpp.
As\ Rm {]kwKw XpSn. ""\n-b-ambpw kXy-hn-izm-knI-fn \npw Ah-cpsS kpI-fp-w Bm-fpw Amlp hnes-Sp-n-cn-pp,- ]Icw kzKw \Im-sa Icm-dn'' Fw
hcp Jp-B hN\w HmXn hni-Zo-I-cnp. bmsXmcp hnai\
kzchpw hcm \nev Cu Icm-dns hni-Zmw-i- \ncn.
Bfp-I hfsc Xm]-cy-]qw {in-p-p-m-bn-cpp. Ah
tIm ssienbpw coXnbpw ]pXp-abpw tXmnb hnjbw. ]mpw
CuW-n-ep hmIvssi-en-bp-ap apkvenbmam-cpsS \onbpw
Ipdp-nbpw InX-p-ap A`n-\-b-ssi-en-bn \npw hyXy-kvXamb Hcp aX-{]-`m-jWw B \mp-Im BZyw tIp-I-bm-sWv
Ah-cpsS apJ-`m-h--fn \npw Duln-m Ignp. Hcp aWn-q

465

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t\cw {]kwKw \op. kwLm-S-I-cnepw t{imXm--fnepw s]mXpsh

kwXr-]vXn-bmWv Zriy-am-bXv. Pam kmdn\v ktmjw. Fs
Iqm-fn-Iv Bizm-khpw. cm{Xn ASp-p Hcp aZvd-k-bn
s_p-I-fnepw ap-ambn Ah hn{i-anp. t\cw ]pe-tm sImn-bn \ns-n-b-h-cn cp-t]-scm-gn-p--h Xncn-p-t]mbn.
{]iv\-sam-p-an-s-nepw Fs X\n-mn t]mIm Ahv Hcp
hmbva.
cmw Znhkw D Ign--tm A-cow amdn. ]e henb
apkven-bm-fpw hnhcw tI-dnp Be-p-g-bn ]msn.
kpn-I-fpsS aueoZv {]`m-jW ]c--c-bn Ap-Zn-hkw shfn-btms Da auehn {]kw-Kn-p-Itbm?! BcmWo ]Wn ]n-Xv?kwLm-S-Isc hnfn-np. Imcyw Xncn. Ahsc apkven-bm- ITn\-ambn imknp. hlm_o t\Xm-hmb Da aue-hnv tPv A\p-hZn--Xn-t\-m henb A{Iaw thsd-pv? In-n-m-cpsS \ymb-sfmpw hne-tm-bn. sshIp-t-c-am-b-tm-tgpw hnhcw Rm\pw
Adnp. ]s, In-n-m FtmSv Hpw ]d-bp-Itbm tNmZn-pItbm sNp-n. Bfp-I Hmtcm-cp--cmbn hpw-t]mbpw Fs
Hcp ImgvN-h-kvXp-t]mse t\mp-I-bm-Wv. ]cn-]mSn XpS-cm Ign-bnsv F\nv a\-n-embn. cmw Znh-ks {]kw-K-n\v Rm
ka-bv sNsn. Ign Znh-k-t-m hf-sc-b-[nIw BfpI hp-Iq-Sn-bn-pv. Nne Xte-s-p-I Zqsc ImWp-p-apv.
Rm Xocp-am-\np. t]mIp-I -Xs. Cv XuloZpw inpw hyambn thXn-cn-p {]kwKw \Sn bm{X ]d-bWw. XpS--n
Xs Rm ]dp: ""Fs {]kwKw C-tmsS Ah-km-\n-np-I-bm-Wv. ImcWw \n-tfmSv hni-Zo-I-cn-t--Xn-tm. F\nv
tP-\p-h-Zn--hv Rm Hcp iey-am-bn-qSm. Ah FtmSv
ImWn kvt\l-a-cym-Z-Iv Rm \n ]d-bpp. Fm F\nv
Nne hnj-b- \n-tfmSv ]d-tb--Xpv. AXv Amlp Fn
_m[y-X-bm-n-bn-p--XmWv. AXv ]d-bmsX t]mIm h. im-ambn tIpI. kzoI-cn-p-Itbm Xn--f-bp-Itbm BImw.'' XpSv
Hc aWn-q kabw Fs Adnhpw Ign-hp-a-\p-k-cnv XuloZv
Fsv B P\-q--tmSv Rm ]dp. bmsXmcp Ipg-hpw
Dm-bn. Imcyw Ap-Xw-Xs, {]kwKw Ignp. P\w ]ncnp.
Rm In-n-m-tcmSv bm{X ]dp. Ah-cpsS hmbva Rm {in-

466

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m--Xp-t]mse s]cp-amdn.
]s, Hcp henb {]Xn-tj-[-n\v app im-X-bm-bn-cpp
AXv. ]nt-Zn-hkw Xs B \mp-Im Pam kmdn-s\-Xn-cn Xncnp. Cbm \s NXn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp F Aajhpw shdppw
{]Xn-Im-c-_p-nbpw Pamkm-dn\p t\sc Ah {]tbm-Knp. alv
H-Sw At-ls _ln-jvI-cnp. sNdn-b-tXm-Xn-ep a-\hpw
Gt-n-hp. B \mn Pohn-m Ign-bm--hn[w Fs kplrpw IpSpw-_hpw H-sp. ]c-ky-ambn ]m--]nv aS-Ww.
AX-msX Hcp Imcyhpw Ahv kzoIm-cy-a. ]s, BZi-[o-c\mb Pam km Ahv hg-n-bn. Atlw hoSpw \mSpw Dt]np. ]cn-N-b-m-scbpw kplr-p--tfbpw ap _-s--h-tcbpw
hnp. Xs BZiw apdpsI ]nSn-p-sImv P-tZ-i-amb sX
Bcym-Sn-t\mSv bm{X ]dp. Be-pg SuWn-tev Xmakw amn.
BZi-n-\p-th-n-bp ]em-b\w. BJn-d-n-\p-thn Zp-bmhns\ Dt]-n-. Pam kmdns\ ImWp-tm-sgms Rm
At-l-ns apn sNdp-Xm-Ip--Xp-t]mse tXmpw. BZi-[oc-\mWv Pam km. FtmSv Atlw ImWn-p kvt\lw Afh--XmWv. Zo\o-Im-cy--fn BcpsS apnepw app-a-S-p-I-bn.
{]iv\--fn BZi-_-p--fp-ambpw Atlw Nne-tm CSbpw.
Ipdv a-tISv ImWn-p {]Ir-X-amWv. dn-bsan\v tijw
]e ]n-I-fnepw Cam-ambn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-n-pv. Pam kmdns
BZi ZmVyw, Xulo-Zn-ep ASn-bp-d hnizmkw, Iqk-en-mbva, tkh\ X]-cX XpS-nb kZvKp-W-v apn sNdnb
tZmj- Rm sNdp-Xmbn Xs ImWpp. Rm kzw ktlmZ-c-s\-tmse At-ls kvt\ln-pp. Amlp At-l-n
\nv \-I kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw Xn-I s]mdp-p-Ibpw al-mb
{]Xn-^ew \In A\p-{K-ln-p-Ibpw sNs. Fs Be-pg Pnbnse {]t_m-[\ {]h-\-v hmXn Xpd-p-Xv- kzbw
]oV-\-n-n-c-bmb henb BZi kwip-n-bp-sSbpw XymK-k--X-bp-sSbpw ambm apJ-amWv Pam km. Fs kvt\l-h-e-bn At-l-n\v Fpw Hcp {]tXyI m\-apv. Amlp
At-l-n\v A\p-{K-l- Ccp-tem-Ipw \Ip-am-dm-Is.
Cu kw`hw Ignv Ipdv Znh-k- ]nn--tX-bpq. Bepg I\m hmUn GXm\pw Znhkw {]kw-Kn-p-hm F\nv

467

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ww e`np. AhnsS IpSpw-_-Xm-a-khpw sI.Fkv.B.Sn.kn. mn-\-Spv tlmantbm Unkvs]k-dnbpw \S-p, SuWn Adnb-s kmaq-lnI _-fpsS DS-a-bp-amb tUmIvS l_o-_ns
t\Xr-Xz-n-em-bn-cpp Cu ]cn-]mSn. tUm. l_o_v t\cs Fs
]cn-N-b-m-c-\mWv. At-l-ns ]nXm-hp-ambn Rm t\cs
]cn-N-b-n-em-bn-cpp. Hcp ke^o- B`n-apJyw Ah-cn \ne-\n-ncpp. Fs {]kwKw \n-bn--Xp-t]mse \ kZ-ns km--ny--n im-ambn \Sp. Bfp-I hfsc {i-tbmsS tIn-cn-pp-m-bn-cpp.
]cn-]mSn ]qn-bmn. Rm asmcp e-tv bm{X-bmbn.
aqp-\mep Znh-k-v tijw sImn-bn Xncn-sn. aKvcn_v
Ign kabw. Atm ASp-p Hcp kplr-ns IS-bn-tev
Be-p-g-bn \npw Hcp t^mtIm hp. tUm. l_o-_mWv
hnfn-p-Xv. I\m hmUn Rm {]kw-Kn ev Bep-hm-c Hcp kpn apkvenbm JW-vU\ {]kwKw \S-pp. Da
auehn AXv tIm Hcp--aptm Fv apkven-bmcpw \S-n-pImcpw shp-hn-fn-bpsS `mh-n tNmZn-pp. aue-hnsb hcp-mw
Fv R Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. hm \v,- Asn Hcp oW-am-tbpw. CXmWv tUmIvS t^mWn ]d-Xv.FtmSv apIqn tNmZn-n. Rm e-ptm Fv At\z-jnn--Xp-an. Fnpw aue-hnsb hcpmw Fv ]d-Xv A[n-I-mbn. Ahn-th-I-hp-ambn. ]s, As\ Ah-tcmSv Rm ]d-n.
Bm-XbpsS- Bth-i-n-amWv CXn\v Imc-Wm-b-sXv a\n-embn. Ahsc \ncm-i-s-Sp--cp-Xtm. tUm. l_o_v hfsc
Ccpw h Hcp _pn-Po-hn-bmWv. At-l-n\v C-s\-bp
Btem-N-\-n-ghv kw`-hn-m ]mSn-m--XmWv. Iqp-Im-cpsS FSpp-Nm--am-bn-cn-Ww.
Rm Hcp \nanjw Btem-Nnp. Ipdp Znh-ks \nc-c-amb
bm{X Ign-s-n-b-tX-bpq. oWw Cm-Xn. l_o-_n-t\mSv
Rm ]dp: ""apkvenbm-cpsS hAfv tIm-\mbn Rm sImnbn \npw Ctm AhnsS F-Wsa-v ]d-m _pn-ap-pv.
]s, Rm hcmw. Hcp D]m[n.- apkven-bm-cpsS {]kw-K-n
F\nv adp-]Sn ]d-tb--Xmbn h-Xp-ap-m-bm AXn\v Ah-kcw
e`n-ptam? B tPv A\p-h-Zn-ptam?''- ka-\mb kwLm-S-I\pw

468

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

X{-im-en-bp-amb tUmIvS l_o_v Btem-Nn-p-\n-n. DSs\

]dp. auehn ]pd-s-tmfq. AXv \apv Xc-s-Spmw. tUmIvSsd kw_-nv CS-]-g-Inb A\p-`-h--fn-eqsS F\nv Gsd
hnizm-k-amWv. Atlw shdpw-hmv ]dp {]tem-`-\--fn IpSpm {ian-p kz`m-h-m-c-\. \S-t-Xv ]dbpw. ]d-Xv ]cam-h[n \Spw. GXv ZpL-S-\n-an-j-nepw hfsc Ah-[m-\-X-tbmsS
im-\mbn Imcy- Nn-s-Sp-p At-l-ns {]h\
ssh`hw F\nv Nne-tm Ap-X-ap-f-hm-n-bn-pv. ]mT-
Dsm-p--Xp-am-bn-pv.
Ftm-sSmv Be-p-g-bn-tev ]pd-s-Sm am-t-cn-bn
\npw Hcp kwLw kplr-p- DSs\ sdUn-bmbn. _n t]mbm Gsd sshIpw. Cim \a-kvImcw Be-p-g-bn Fn-bn-mImw. Ah s]sv Hcp hm hmS-Ibvv hnfnp. AXn\p thp-
kwJy ]c-kv]cw tiJ-cnp. Ac-a-Wn-q-dn-\Iw bm{Xbvv Ah
k-cmbn. sImn-bnse BZi _p-, bphm-fpw {]mb-ap-h-cp-sa hyXym-k-an-msX {]t_m-[\ cwKv Fs ]np-Wm Am-ev ImWn Bth-i-I-c-amb BmX AXyw
hnIm-c-`-cn-X-amb Hm-I-fmbn ambmsX amsX Ftm-sSm-pv.
Ah-cpsS Xncpw Bth-ihpw I-tm Fs oWhpw Bibpw ] ISp. As\ Hcp hm \ndsb kl-{]-h-I-cp-ambn
Rm Be-p-g-bntev bm{X-bmbn. AhnsS Fn-b-tm hn
P\-qw. Rm hcp-sa-p hnhcw hnhn[ {]tZ-i--fn Adnp
Ign-n-cpp. F{X thK-n-emWv Imcy- Gm-Sm-n-bn-cn-pXv! Aan-Xm-th-i-ap t{imXm-sf \nb-{n-m Hcp hf-n-b
kwLw Xs cq]o-Ir-X-am-bn--gn-n-cn-pp. apkvenbmcpw t\cs Fn-bn-pv. R CimAv \a-kvI-cnp. Atm-tgpw
tUmIvS l_o_v apkven-bm-cp-ambn kwkm-cnp. tijw Fs-b-Spsn ]dp; apkven-bm Hcp aWn-q kwkm-cnpw tijw
aue-hnbpw Hcp aWn-q.- kab\njvT \n_--amWv. Rm kXnp.
Ap-X-I-c-am-bn-cpp Imcy-. ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS t\XrXzw tUmIvS l_o_v Gs-Spp Ign-n-cpp. kwLm-S-Iv Atlw
Hcp hgn-Im-n-X-s-bm-bn-cpp. tUmIvS tPn Ibdn. aqv Hgn Itk-c-I tPn Dv.- tUmIvS apkvenbm-scbpw Fs-bpw

469

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tPn-tev Wnp. c--p Itk-c-I-fn Ccpn. \Sp-hnep Itk-c-bn Icp--\mb Hcp hf-n-bdpw. Rm Fs-nm Bm-Zm-\p-`q-Xn-bn-emWv. Rm hfsc apv Xs Bin-ncp Hcp Imcy-am-WnXv. Hcp thZn-bn shp-Xs Rm\pw Fs
BZi hntcm-[n-Ifpw tNv JWvU\ aWvU-\-{]-kw-K- \S-W-sav. Ccp-Iq-cpw X-fpsS BZim-`n-{]m-b- sXfn-bnv
{]kw-Kn-pI. P\- im-ambn tIpI. tijw Ahv
t_m[y-am-bXv sXc-s-Sp-s. hyn-I-sfbpw {]m-\--sfbpw
Rm Ccw ]cn-]m-Sn-Iv Wn-n-pv. Wn--h hn-n.
Ah-kcw tNmZn--tm A\p-h-Zn-p-an. 1998 HSp-hn XncqmSv
shv Cs\ Hcp thZn Inn. AXv ]noSv ]dbmw.
BZy-am-bn-mWv Bin Ah-kcw Be-p-g-bn shv ssIhXv . AXm- s Ws BmZw. tUmIv S l_o_v Xs- b mWv
kzmKX {]mkw-K-I. F{X ka-am-bn-mWv Atlw ]cn-]m-SnbpsS \n-lWw Gs-Sp-Xv. Atlw {]kwKw XpSn. ]cn-]m-SnbpsS {Iaw hnh-cnp. AXp-aqew kXymt\z-jn-Ip-m-Im-hp
KpW-s-p-dnpw X-b-Xz-tm-sS- hni-Zo-I-cnp. ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS
im-Xbvv `wK-ta]n-m Bsc-nepw Xp\n-bp ]w Ahsc
th-hn[w ssIImcyw sNm hf-n-bamsc Xm sNbvXn-psv B h kZ-ns\ kvt\l-]qw XmoXv sNbvXp. F{X
BIj-Wo-b-amb kwLm-SI ssh`-h-amWv tUmIvS AhnsS {]ISn-n--sX Imcyw th-hn[w hnh-cn-m F\nv km[y-am-Ipn. At-l-ns kmaq-lnI Icpv sImn-bn \ns-n-bhpw ap--hpw hfsc t_m[y-ambn. apkven-bm {]kwKw
XpSn. kZ-n \ imX. apkven-bm-cpsS Dz-e-amb {]kwKw.
Bt] ]cn-lm-k-fpw amn-f-m-ns ssien-bn-ep \on-p-dp-ep-Ifpw CmsX XnIpw hnj-bm-[n-jvTn-X-amb {]kwKw. Huenbm--fpsS Idm-a-ns\ in-bpw m]n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp Atlw. Am-lp-hns ASna \n_ I-p ]pdsa sFnI
]pWy-I--fn-eqsS \nc-cw Pohn-p-sImv Am-lp-hns {]nbw
A[n-I-ambn t\Spw. As\ Ah m\w sImp-bp-bv
Amlp Ahs ssI BIpw,- Im BIpw Fv `mh-\m--I-ambn
hW-n-p Hcp lZoYv Dv. JpZvkn-bmb lZoYv FmWv kmtXnI `mjyw. Amlp t\cnv kwkm-cn-p cq]-am-Wn-Xn\v. apkven-

470

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bm Cu lZoYv HmXn Aw ]dp. tijw hfsc A]-I-SI-camb hni-Zo-I-c-W-n-te-mWv Atlw t]mbXv. ]pcm-W--fn
`-m-cpsS A`o-jvS-a-\p-k-cn hcw \In A\p-{K-ln-p k\ymkn-am-cpsS Znhy-Xz-`m-h-n-tev Idm-a-ns t]cv ]dv Huen-bm-sf t]cn Nnesc an\n ssZh-tfm taP ssZh-tfm Bbn
Dbp hni-Zo-I-c-W-am-bn-cpp AXv. aplvbn-o ssiJns
t]cn ]e-Xcw Aam-\p-jnI sIp-I-Y-I-fpv. Ah-bn NneXv
apkven-bm sXfn-hmbn D-cnp. ame-bn \np Nne hcn-I
]mSn Cu lZo-kn-t\mSv _-s-Spn. ""Icn ac-n-t Imbv
\nd-tm-h, NmIpw Ine-is \mn hntm-h'' F ame-bnse
inpw Ip^vdpw ka-\z-bn ]Zy-i-I-e- CuW-n sNmn
apkven-bm Xs hoWw m]n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Hcp aWn-q
XnI-bm Ap an\nv _mn-bp--tm \Sp-hn-en-cn-p hf-nb kqN\ \In. apkveym XnI am\y-X-tbmsS IrXy-k-a-bv
{]kwKw \nn.
tUm. l_o_v XpSv cv an\nv kwkm-cn-p. imX ssIhnSm-Xn-cn-m kZ-n\v Hcn-IqSn Adn-bnv \In. Fs {]kw-Kn-\mbn Wn-p. apkvenbm tPn Xs-bp-v. {]kwKw Bcw`n-p--Xn\v apv Rm apkven-bm-cpsS sNhn-bn Hcp kzImcyw
]d-p. apkven-bm hn\-b-ns Nncn-tbmsS FtmSpw cphmv! Bfp-I Aw-hnp! CsXp Xam-i. Nnev CsXmcp
Hp-I-fn-bmtWm Fv kwibw tXmn-bn-cn-mw. ]s, Rm Hcp
X{w {]tbm-Kn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. At-l-ns {]kw-K-n cnSv Jp-B Bb-p-I D-cn--Xn henb sXp hn-cn-pp. B Imcy-amWv sNhn-bn Rm DWn-b-Xv. XpSv Hcp
tNmZyhpw. CXv Rm kZ-n-t\mSv ]d-btWm? Hcp hnf-dnb NncntbmsS apkven-bm AXv th Fv ]dp. Rm AXv ]men-pIbpw sNbvXp.
aplvbn-o ssiJns Ipw Imepw Ipw sNhn-bp-samw Amlp-hm-sWv apkven-bm kan-p-htm. Rm ]dp. ""CXn
_pn-iq-\y-amb cv A]-I-S- hn-pv. ssiJns Ah-b-h Am-lp-hm-sW-n Ahsb \mw Bcm-[n-t-n-h-cp-atm.
inhs enwKhpw tZhn-bpsS tbm\nbpw lnp- Bcm-[n-p--Xpt]mse. Rm AXn\v Xm-d. Cu kZ-n Acw Hcp IrXy-

471

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

n\v Bcpw Xm-dm-Ip-sav tXmp-n. ]s, apkven-bm-cpsS

Imcyw F-s\-bmWv?- At-l-ns {]kwKw tI-Xn \nmWv
Cu kwibw Df-hm-Ip-Xv. asmcp Imcyw ssiJv ac-W-s-p-htm.
AtXmsS At-l-ns Ah-b-h-fpw.- Atm Amlp acnp
Fp ]d-bmtam? Rm\pw Cu kZpw C{X `b--c-amb ]m]-n\v
k--c. apkven-bm-cpsS Ah \s-tm-se-b-sv At-lns {]`m-j-W-n \npw a\-n-em-n-bn-cn-p-atm. Cu
temIw apv Fs\ Dm-bn-cp-pthm AXp-t]mse Ctm-gp-apv.
Am-lp-hmWv CsXmw \nb-{n-p-Xpw kwc-n-p-Xpw.
Amlp acn-n-n. acn-p-I-bp-an. Ah \nXy-ambn Pohn-n-cn-p-h-\m-Ipp. F{X Hu-Xy-n-se-n-sbv Icp-X-s-Sp almm-hn-s\bpw Am-lp-hns k-bp-ambn Iqn-tv ]d-bp-Xv
Ak-ly-amb Ip^vcn-v Xs. AssZz-X-hmZw lnp-aX Nn-bn
\npw \-fn-tev ]I-Xns tZmj-^-e--fm-Wn-sXms. JpB-\ntem lZo-kntem h Nne hW-\m{]tbm-K--fpsS A[mc \apv {Kln-m Ign-bmsX hm AhnsS au\w Zon-emWv kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS [mnI acymZ. AmsX \psS a\v
a{n-p GXv ss]im-Nn-I-Xz-n\pw A\p-cq-]-ambn hnip JpB-\ns {]Jym-]nX XXz-n\pw Ckvem-ans aln-X-amb hyXn-cn-Xbvpw FXn-cmbn hymJym-\nv ImSv Ib-dp-I-b thXv. sXfnp hgn-bn \S-n-s-n \S-p hgntb sXfn-pI F
\b-amWv apkven-bm kzoI-cn-Xv. hf-n-bam-cpsS ap-dn-bnv e`np--Xn\v GXm\pw \nan-j-v apv Rm {]kwKw \nn.
P\w im-ambn ]ncnp. Rm\pw apkven-bmcpw kulr-Z-n
temlyw ]dp ]ncnp.
aX-cw-Kv \ne-\np `n-Xbpw kwLjhpw eLq-I-cnm Cu k{-Zmbw Gsd ^e-{]-Z-am-sWv Rm A\p-`-hn--dnp. ]e-tmgpw ]te-Spw Cu coXn A\p-hn-m Rm
kvt\ln-X-msc t{]cn-n-p-Ibpw Ah-cXv kzoI-cnv hyXykvX Bi-b-ns hm-sf Hcp thZn-bn Hcp-anv Iqm ]cky
{]kvXm-h-\-bn-eqsS {ia- \S-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. Fm-bnSpw apPm-lnZv ]WvUn-X-m am{X-amWv AXn-s\m-cpn hXv.
XncqmSpw Nmh-mSpw Icp-hm-c-p-nepw Aco-tmSv Ip\n-bnepw
CXp-t]m-ep kw`-h- \Sp. Ip\n-bn Pam-A-p-Im-scbpw

472

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

an-S--fn kpn-I-sf-bp-amWv CXn-mbn Wn-Xv. Fhn-sSbpw

Bcpw Cu Ww kzoI-cnv Fn-bn. Nmh-mSv hcm-sav kXn apkven-bm ka-bv hcm-Xn-cn-pI am{X-a,- Hcp Iqw kpn
A\p-bm-bn-Isf tbmK--e-tv Abv Iqn-hn-fnpw _l-fw shpw tbmKw Ie-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv.
Icp-hm-c-p-n kpn-I-fpsS henb m]-\hpw henb t\Xmhp-apv. At-ls tbmK kwLm-S-I t\cnv Wnp. Ay-m\w hln-m Bh-iy-sp. Hn\pw Atlw hg-n-bn. apPmlnZv ]WvUn-X-m am{Xw kw_-n hn tbmKw im-ambn
\Sp. XncqmSpw CXp-Xs kw`-hnp. kpn-I-fpsS henb
t\Xm-hns hmk--e-hp-am-WXv. Ct-ls {]tXy-I-ambpw kpn
]WvUn-X-msc s]mXp-hmbn ]c-ky-{]-kvXm-h-\-bn-eq-sSbpw Wnp. shp-hnfn kzoI-cn-pp Fv t\mokv Cd-nb Hcp kJm^n
apkven-bm Fp-sav hnNm-cnp. Bcpw hn. bYm-n
Bscbpw shp-hn-fn-n-cp-n. A`yn-pI am{X-amWv sNbvXXv.
XncqmSv apPm-lnZv ]WvUn-X-m-cmb A_vZp-d-lvam ke^n,
kn.]n. Da kpan, A_vZp-emw kpan Fn-h hn kZ-n
{]kw-K- \Sn. Aco-tmSv Ip\n-bn Pam-Av Aao AhI-sf-bmWv Ay--\mbn Wn-Xv. H A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v,
ssiJv apl-Zv Imc-pv, hn.Sn. A_vZp--tmb X Fn-h
Cu ]cn-]mSn A\m-h-iy-am-sWv FgpXn Abp. am{X-a, t\mokn ImWn {]Im-c-ap ]cn-]mSn Cv Dm-bn-cn-p-I-bn Fsgp-Xnb t_mUp-I Am-Sn-bpsS AXn-cp-I-fn-semw {]Zin-nv
Bfp-Isf aS-n-A-b-m Ah {iaw \Sn. Fnpw [mcm-f-amfp-I ]te-Sp \np-ambn A-hn-sS-sbn. Fs Ay--X-bn
tbmKw `wKn-bmbn \Sp. imco-cn-Im-kzmyw Dm-b-Xn-\m Ay-{]-kwKw Rm FgpXn A-Sn-np. asmcp kplrv tbmKn AXv hmbnp. apPm-lnZv ]WvUn-X-m ]s-Sp hn
kt-f\w Ignp cp \mp tijw CXv A\m-hiyw FsgpXn Ab Pam-Av t\Xm- Ip\n-bn Am-Sn-bn hv apPmlnZv {]m-\-tbpw km[p-hmb Fsbpw A{I-a-ambn No
hnfnv Ien-Xpn. HSp-hn {]K--\mb A_vZp-d-lvam ke^n
AhnsS sNv icnpw IWv Xop. Fn-\m-bn-cpp Cu Xcw
thj-! X-fpsS BZiw kzX-{-ambn {]kw-Kn-m Hcp

473

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ss]k t]mepw sNe-hn-msX thZn-sbm-cpn sImSp-nv AXv \nckn-p-Ibpw apJw Xncn-p-Ibpw Wn--hsc Akw-_w ]d-bpIbpw ]noSv AtX ev Xs hv ]Ww sNe-hmn FXn-cmfn-Isf A[n-tj-]n-p-Ibpw Ckvem-ans t]cn Ifhv hmcn hnX-dpIbpw sNp \ntj-[m--Ihpw \nIr-jvS-hp-amb sNbvXn-I kXymt\z-jn-I-fp-sSbpw kl-\-io-e-cp-tSbpw ss[cy-im-en-I-fp-sSbpw amKa-sv Nnn-p P\- I-dnp XpS-n-bn-cpp. X-fpsS
ssIh-i-ap-Xv Fm-hcpw tNn-cn-p kZ-n Xpdp ImWnm sImp-I-bn-s-p D-a-t_m-[y-amWv `ocp-Xz-]-c-amb
Ccw A\p-NnX \o-v C-c-msc t{]cn-X-cm-p-Xv.
98 sabv 8\v XncqmSv Fw.Fw.F.]n. kvIqfn kulmw
Dm-m F t]cn Btem-Nn-m kabw t]mepw Xcm-hn[w kpn-I s]sv hnfn-p-tN tbmK-n-tev Fsbpw
Wnp. Rm ]s-Sp-n-sv \mSp-\osf {]N-cn-n-p-hm-\p
Hcp X{-am-bn-cpp AXv. Fs kplr-p--fpsS A`n-{]mbw adnI-S-p-sImv Rm t]mbn. kvIq {Kun hn P\-q--ap-v.
\mnI aqk apkven-bm, Ben-pn apkvenbm, aZv ss^kn XpSnb At\Iw kpn ]WvUn-X-m tPn-epv. Pam-Av t\Xmhv apl-Zv ico^v aue-hn-tbbpw Ah Wn-n-cpp. Xncq-mSv
kztZ-in-bmb Atlw hn. Fs Ah tPn-tev hnfn-n-cpn. kzmKXw, Ay- - { ]- k wKw Fo NS- p- I v tijw
BZys Ah-kcw F\n-mWv \In-bXv. kabw Ac aWn-q
n]vX-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]s, ]noSv apkven-bm-v Ah aWn-q-dp-I Xs \In. F\nv A\p-h-Zn kabw D-at_m-[y-n- Rm kzoI-cn BZi-ns alXzw B P\-q-s tIn-m hn\n-tbm-Knp. auenI {]m[m-\y-ap hnj-b hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn Rm ]dp. kwLm-S-Iv \nbpw ]dp. Cs\ kuP-\y-ambn Innb Ah-kcw D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-msX Rm apJw Xncnp \nm Am-lp-hns apn kam-[m\w
t_m[n-n-t-n-h-cp-sav Rm `b-p. FXn-cm-fn-I GXv \nem-bn-cnpw Fs t\cn-Sp-I-sb Imcy-n \ t_m[w Dmbn-cpp. AsXmpw Rm {]iv\-am-n-bn. Ap an\n-m-bm
t]mepw AXv D]-tbm-Kn- \psS [amWv F Nn-bmWv
Fs \bn-Xv. Fs {]kw-K-n\v tijw apkven-bm- ZoL-

474

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

amb JWvU\ {]kw-K- \Sn. Fs A[n-t-]npw ]cn-lknpw Ah hnekn. Rm \ni-_vZ-ambn kZ-n t{imXm-hm-bncpp. B kl-\-n\v Amlp F\nv {]Xn-^ew \Ip-sa
hnizm-k-tm-sSbpw {]m-\-tbm-sSbpw Rm kabw Xn-\on.
Fs ITn-\-ambn A{I-an-p i_vZw ssan-eqsS tIv sImv
\ocp-hp honb Im thp-thv ico^v auehn tbmK--etv Ibdn hp. tPn Ccpp. \mnI apkven-bm-cpsS {]kwKw Ign--tm ico^v auehn kabw Bh-iy-sp. At-ln\pw Ac aWn-q am{Xw. FtmSv ImWn A]-a-cym-Z-sb-pdnpw hyn-]-c-ambn Fs A[n-t-]n--Xn-s\--nbpw Atlw
hfsc ITn-\-ambn Ahsc hnainp. ico^v auehn bYm-n
tPn hnd-p -Xp-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. kzw \mp-Im-c-\m-sWtm
{]mbm-[n-Iy-ap Hcp a\p-jy-\m-sWtm D tIh-e-amb ]cn-K-W\-t]mepw \Im-Xn-cp \n-fpsS kmwkvIm-cnI PoX ChnsS
IqSnb \n-fpsS acym-Z-bp A\p-bm-bn-Iv Xs t_m[y-sSm-Xn-cn-p-I-bn Fpw auehn Xpd--Snp. AX-hsc IqSp-X
{]tIm-]n-X-cm-p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. tijw \mnI apkven-bm ico^v
aue-hn-sbbpw IW-n\v A[n-t-]np. Rm Pam-As Ckveman-bpsS i-\mb Hcp hnai-I-\m-bn-cp-n-p-t]mepw Fs apkvenbm-fpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw tNv ITn-\-ambn t{Zmln-p-Xv Itm ico^v auehn AhnsS {]Xn-tcm-[n-m hs-n-bXv Atl-n hyn-Xzhpw kmwkvIm-cnI Hu-Xyhpw Xnf-n-\nm
CS-bm-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. F\nv At-l-tmSv AssI-X-h-amb
\n-bpv. Xnsb {]Xn-tcm-[n-m Atlw sNe-h-gn ka-bhpw
AXn-\p-thn tcmKm-h--bnepw sRcp-n-sb-nb At-l-ns
kZvKp-Whpw Xo-bmbpw dns kn-[n-bn ]cn-K-Wn--s-SpI
Xs sNpw. Amlp \ sNs. Ccw Hcp kvt\l-{]-I-S\w
sImtm kulrZ {]tem-`\w sImtm kzm[o-\n-m Ign-bp--h\ Rm Fv At\Iw hj--fnse A\p-`h ]cn-N-b-m
Atlw t_m[-hm-\mWv. Fnpw Cs\ {]hn-Xv At-ln-ep at\m-Kp-W-ns {]Xy--amb sXfn-hmbn Rm hne-bncp-pp.
Be-p-g-bnse Imcy-amWv ]d-p-h-Xv. A\p-_--ambn CSv
NneXv thn-hp. AXpw Adn-tb--Xp-Xs. I\m hmUn

475

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\S Cu kulrZ {]kwK]cn-]mSn hfsc kZv^-e-v Imc-Wambn. Be-pg apkn- AXnn-bnse an hmUp-I-fn

\npw {]kw-K-n\v F\nv Ww e`np. Rm t]mbn. As\
ke^o- {]h\w in-sp. \psS t\Xm-fpw {]kw-K-Icpw
AhnsS \nc-cw kw ]pen. AXn {][m\n Fs Ban{Xw sI.kn. A_q-_- auehn Bbn-cpp. Atlw Fs
]np-W-m Fm-bn-Spw HmSn-sb-p-am-bn-cpp. Cu B_w, BZi-_w, Bgvn-d-nb kvt\lw CS-ap-dn-bmsX Atl-ns oWm-h--bnepw F\nv e`n-pp. Zp\n-bm-hn-se-t]mse ]c-tem-Ipw At-l-ns Cu _w F\nv kzKn e`n-p-Ibpw Rv AhnsS kl-k-w e`n-p-hm
CS-bm-p-Ibpw sNt-Wta! Fv lrZbw hnXpn Rm dn-t\mSv
{]mn-pp.
Be-p-g-bn {]m\w hfp. BZi-_-p- A[n-I-cnp.
{]Nm-cWw in-s--tXmsS FXnpw i-ambn. hSv \npw
taP apkven-bm--fpsS Hgp-mbn. sNdn-b-tXm-Xn-ep Akzm-c-ky ]te-S-p-ap-mbn. tUm. l_o-_ns \b-]-c-amb t\XrXzw
Imcy- hj-fm-ImsX sImp-t]mbn. Hcn- ]pe-bhgn F
ev Rm {]kw-Kn-p-I-bmWv. tdmUns Ccp-h-ipw [mcmfw
Bfp-I IqSn-bn-pv. s]mXpsh Ahn-Ss P\- hnj-b-
hfsc {inp tIp kz`m-h-amWv IXv. {]kwKw im-ambn
\S-p--Xn-\n-S-bn Hcm aZy-]nv `b-c i_vZ-ap-mn ITmc
Dbn-n-Snv ""\nsSm ]o, \ns sImp-saSm'' Fv B-l-knv aptmv hp. hfsc s]sv hf-n-bam tPn\v Nppw
cm-h-e-b-ap-mn. P\- Ccn-n-S--fn \npw Fgp-t-tm Rm Ah-tcmSv Ccn-m ]dp. Ah Ccpp. Rm
{]kwKw \nn-bn. GXm\pw {]h-I aptmv t]mIp-Xv
Ip. ]noSv i_vZw tI-Xp-an. Zqsc Fp \S-p-shv Adnn. Ccp-mWv. CXn-\n-S-bn Rm Dds hnfn-p-]-dp:- Rm
]n-b,- \mb-bm-Ipp. BWpw s]pw Xncn--dnp No hnfnm t]mepw ]mhw kpn-I-dn-bn. ImcWw apkven-bm-
Ahv Adn-hvtI-Sm-Wtm hnf-n-sm-Sp-p-Xv. {]kwKw \Sp ev \npw Ipd--Ise Hcp ZnIv lJbpw J_-dp-apv.
\psS ]cn-]m-Sn-tbm-Sp Aajw {]I-Sn-n-m ssan-eqsS

476

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

henb i_vZ-n AhnsS \npw ZnIv F t]cn Fsm-stbm Aedn hnfn-p-p-m-bn-cpp. teiw Ign--tm ssIpp--tfbpw Npa-en-env apkvenw kv{XoI tPn\v apn-eqsS AhntSv t]mIp-Xv Ip. a{n-m\pw Xtem-Sm\pw shw sXfn-m\p-sam-s-bp ]pd-m-Sm-WXv. Cu ImgvN Fs tei-w ipWvTn ]nSnnp. Rm Inm-hp-{X i_vZ-ap-bn Cs\ hnfn-p-]-dp.
A-e--fn \S-p ]qP-tb-m Kpcp-X-c-amb inns \S-]Sn-bm-WnXv. XpSv AtX-p-dnv hni-Zo-I-cnp. Ipdv Ign--tm
AhnsS \np i_vZw t\p hp. {]kwKw Ignp ASp
hop-Im Fs `-W-n\v Iqn-sm-p-t]mbn. Atmgpw hfn-bam IqsS-bpv. Ah-cn Hcm aptm-p-hp. Fs ssI]nSnv amv ]dp. F\n-smpw a\-n-em-bn. Fs A-emv
I-tm B bphmhv ]dp:- _l-f-ap-mn No-hn-fn-Xv
Fs ktlm-Z-c-\mWv. Ah aZy-]m-\n-bmWv. Btcm Cf-n-hn-XmWv. Hcp hnh-c-hp-an. auehn amm-Ww. Rm Abmsf ]pdv
Xn Biz-kn-np. CsXmpw F\nv ]p-cn-b. \n hnj-ant Fv ]dp Biz-kn-np. ]no-SmWv Imcy- AdnXv. hf-n-bam sNv Ahs\ ]nSnv icnv ssIImcyw
sNbvXp. s]mn-sb-Spv hon sImp-t]mbn InSn. AtXmsS
Ahs av Cdn.
Ip-]mew FmWv Hm.- AhnsS sskZv auehn {]kw-Kn-p-IbmWv. [mcmfw t{imXm--fpv. {]kwKw ]Ip-Xn-bm-b-tm s]sv
Hcp _lfw. tkmUm-p-n-I Fdn-p-S-p i_vZw. Bfp-I
\mep-]mSpw HmSn. Syq_v ssep-I AWp. `oXnP\-I-amb Ah. auehn A{I-an--s-Sp-sa `b-m sImn-bn \npw auehnsb A\p-K-an F.F. laoZpw ]n.Fw. Akokpw tNv aue-hnsb s]mn-sb-Spv I hgn-bn-eqsS HmSn. Hcp CS-h-gn-I-Sp auehnsb Hcp hon sImn-cpn aS-n-h--tm tdmUn {]kw-K-ehpw ]cn-k-chpw iq\yw. Ipn-n-ep-I tdmUn NnX-dn-n-S-pp. C\n ]cn-]mSn \nm-atm. aue-hnsb R sImp-t]mImw
Fv laoZv ]d--tm kwLm-S-I-cn {][-m-\n-bmb Hcm aptmp hp. AXv ]mSn. auehn {]kwKw ]qn-bm-Ww.
\msfbpw XpS-cWw. As-n R-fn-hnsS Pohn-n-cp-nv Imcy-an FmWv {]Xn-I-cn-Xv. Atlw ssav FSpv ]cn-]mSn XpS-cp-

477

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I-bm-sWv hnfn-p-]-dp. C\n ChnsS Hp-ap-m-In,- Rm\mWv

]d-bp-Xv,- Fs \n-dn-p-IqtS Fsms Atlw ]dp. Bfp-I Ccp-ns ad-hn \npw kZ-n-tev {ItaW hSpp. sskZv aue-hnsb Iqn-sm-p-hp. ]cn-]mSn XpSp.- kwLm-SI t\XrXzw hln-p--bm ]dp,- aue-hnv bmsXmpw
kw`-hn-p-I-bn. Fmw Rm t\mn-sm-mw. {]kwKw XpSp. Ipsd Ign--tm Ipd--Ise ASn-bp-sS-bpw CSn-bp-sSbpw i_vZw tIp. Ipd-p-t] HmSp-Xpw Ahy--ambn Ip. sskZv auehn samw aqp aWn-q {]kw-Knp. kc-k-kp--chpw Nntm-o]-I-hp-amb B hnm-\-ns \ocp-dh P\- thp-thmfw
Bkz-Znp. Cu cwKv Fs B kplrv sskZv auehn \Inb tkh-\hpw Atlw i{Xp--fn \n-\p-`-hn ]oU-\-fpw
hf-sc-bmWv. At-l-ns Nmcv \nm tbmKy-\-m Rm ]oU-n-c-bm-Im-Xn-cp--Xn Ap-X-s-tS--Xn-tm. IqSpX XymKw sNp--hv IqSp-X Zpc-\p-`-h--fp-m-Ip cwKamWv Xulo-Zn\p thn-bp {]bmWw. alm-\mb sskZv aue-hnbpsS aI A_vZp-d-lvam Akmcn Cu thZ-\-I-sfmpw icnpw Adn-n-p-m-Ip-I-bn. Atlw Av tIh-ew _me-\mWv.
Xulo-Zns amK-n hne-vX-Sn-bmbn \np-sImv s]mXp
Xm]-cy-ta-J-e-sb tkmp-ambn a\-p-I-fn Ib-dn-bn-d-p
Nne ssiXzm-m-cpsS hnL-SnX \o-ns Npgn-bn Akmcn
Id-p-ptm Fv kwibw tXmn-p Nne hm-I Fs
sNhn-bn-se-n-bn-pv. At-l-ns \no-hX Fs kwibw
_e-s-Sp-pp. Fs ImWm-\p Ah-kcw Akmcn ]e-tmgpw Hgn-hm-p--Xmbn i-bpv. tams\ A-km-cn, _m-bpsS
]mX-bmWv icn-bm-bn-p-Xv. Bbn-c-v Xulo-Zns shfnw
]Iv sImSp-m Hcp-]mSv klnv aptmv t]mb alm-m-hmWv
\ns ]nXmhv. B ]mX-bpsS hc-v \np-sIm-s-nepw PohnXw [\y-am-Ww. tamt\, CXv Fs hkn--mbn Icp-XWw.
sskZv auehn {]kwKw \nnb tijw Zqsc \S ASn-]n-Snsb-p-dnv laoZv At\z-jnp. t\cs Ipg--ap-m-nb sXm-SnI ]Xps hopw ASpv hcp-p-m-bn-cpp. AXv aW-dn kwLm-S-I AhnsS Imp-\n-n-cpp. Ah amXr-Im-]-cambn sXm-Sn-Isf ssIImcyw sNbvX i_vZ-am-bn-cpp tIXv.

478

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AtXmsS Fmw Xop. auehn ]nt-Zn-h-khpw kpZoL-ambn

{]kw-Kn tij-amWv sImn-bn-tev aS-n-bXv.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

58
X-fpsS ]n
Be-p-g-bn Ckz-vemlo cwKw kPo-h-ambn. ]s, \psS
BZi {]Imcw {]hm-NIamXrI ]n]n \a-kvImcw \n-lnm Ign-bm Ah--bmWv ]n-I-fn-ep-Xv. _nZv-A-p-I-fpsS
kt-X--fmbn ]n-Isf apkven-bm- amn-btm. kz-ambn
Hcp akvPnZv thW-sa-p Bi kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Bfp-I-fn-ep-mbn. km-n-I-ambn Hcp `mc-am-Wtm AXv. DSs\ ]cn-l-cn-m
Ign-bp--Xp-a. A-s\-bn-cns Nne kplr-p- Hcp Imcyw
DWn. {ian-m Hcp ]n ssIhiw Inm km[y-X-bpv. Av
sX tIc-f-nse Ckz-vemlo {]h-\-ns tat\mw
hln-p-Xv _m_p Xzmln tkp-am-cmWv. Ah [mcmfw ]Whpw
ka-bhpw CXn-mbn sNe-hg
- n-p-p-m-bn-cpp. Ah-cpsS IpSpw_
{Sp-I-fn \np hcp-am-\-ns A[n-I-`m-Khpw XuloZv {]Nmc-W-n\v hn\n-tbm-Kn-p-I-bmWv. Apw Cpw al-mb Cu
Iw \S-p-h-cpp. Hcp \qm-n-te-sd-bmbn Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eqsS Cu
IpSpw_w Zo\otkh-I-cmbn {]hn-pp.
Ipdp- X-fpsS ]n F-dn-b-s-Sp Hcp ]gb akvPnZv
Be-pg SuWn-epv. Hcp X IpSpw-_-ns hI-bm-WXv. ]n
timNym-h--bn-emWv. apX-h-n-bmb X tcmKn-bmbn Ign-bpp.
Zmcn-{Zyhpw IqSn-bm-b-tm Ah-i-X-bnepw.- X IpSpw-_-ns
]n-bm-bn-Xn-\m amcpw AXv {in-p-n. ]cn-]m-e\w Cm-Xmb-tm PoW-X hnp. X-fpsS Ah-i-Xv ]cn-lm-c-ambn
Fs-nepw [\-k-lmbw sNbvXm ]n]cn-]m-e-\-ns NpaXe Atlw hnp-X-cm km[y-X-bp-sv a\-n-emn. hnhcw
_m_p tkp-hn-t\bpw Xzmln tkp-hn-t\bpw [cn-np. Imcyw tItm Ahpw Dm-l-ambn. Hcp ]n kPo-h-am-p hnj-bat. AXv aptJ\ {]hm-N-Is kp-p-I lbm-m-p-Ibpw
sNmw. ]pWyw B{K-ln-p-sImv Ah Hcpn. As\ R

479

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

apX-h-n-bmb Xsf hon sNp Ip. tI-dn--Xn-t\-m

Ah-i-X-bn-emWv At-l-ns Ah. hfsc hnjaw tXmn.
]Xn-\m-bncw cq]-bpsS klmb hmKvZm\w \In. ]Icw ]n-bpsS
]cn-]m-e\ Npa-Xe Rv Xcm A`ynp. Fgp-]-Xp-I-fn
]Xn-\m-bncw cq] Cs Hcp e-amWv. Xs PohnX {]bm-k-v Hcp ]cn-lm-chpw AS-p-In-S-p Am-lp-hns `h\w kPoh-am-Ip-sa ktm-jhpw \nanw \njvI-f--\mb X Xm]cy-]qw ]n-bpsS Xmtm tkp-amsc Gev]np. 2500 cq] Atl-n\v BZy KUp-hmbn \In. AtXmsS Xnc-n tPmen-I-fm-bncpp.
]n Xpdp. An-bmbn InS Agp-p-I amn hrn-bnepw
tamSn-bn-ep-amn. \a-kvImcw Bcw-`np. Fm _nZv-A-p-I-fn
\npw ap-amb, {]hm-NINcy-b-\p-k-cn-p \a-kvImcw. \psS
Bfp-Iv B-izm-khpw Bm-Z-hp-ambn. Fm ]n-bpsS sNcphn cp-aqv J_-dp-I nXn-sN-bvXn-cpp. X IpSpw-_nse Bcp-sStbm Bbn-cpp AXv. Pom-h--bn AXv XIn-cpp. \psS kvt\ln-X-mv CXv Ak-ly-ambn. B J_-dpI Hgn-hmn ]n ipo-I-cn--W-sa tamlw AXn-tam-l-ambn
amdn. AhnsS hrn-bm-n-bm N-\-n-cn-bp-ambn ]cn-k-c-hm-knI Fp-sa i-bm-bn-cpp Ahv. inns B \S-]-Sn-I-fntev Xncn-p-t]m-Im CS-bm--cp-sX hmin-bn Hcp cm{Xn Ah
AsXmw s]mfn-p-\on \new knanp hrn-bmn. hfsc
]pWy-I-c-amb Hcp Imcy-am-W-h sNbvXXv. ]s, Bth-i-m
IqSp-X [rXn ImWnp. hnhcw ]Xps ImtXmSv ImtXmcw apkvenbm-f
- psS sNhn-bn Fn. Ah X-fpsS ASp--sen B
]mh-ns\ `oj-Wn-s-Spn. ]s, Atlw Iqm-n-bn. \akvImcw t]mep-an-msX ]n AS-p-In-Sp \in-p-sIm-n-cp-tm \n-sfms Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cpp? Ah \ Iq-cmWv, ]n
Ah \m-p-Ibpw \a-kvImcw XpS-p-Ibpw sNbvXnt, J_
s]mbvsm-s, F\nv AXn Bh-em-Xn-bn Fv X ]dp. hni--S-m t]mepw kuI-cy-an-m-Xn-cp B \ a\p-jy
\n-Im-Wnp. ]s, apkven-bm- AS-n-bn. Ah cl-kyambn A\p-bm-bn-Isf kwL-Sn-np. Hcp Znhkw Ak \a-kvIm-cm-\cw \psS GXm\pw kplr-p- ]n-h-cm--bn kwkm-cn-psIm-n-cn-p-Ib
- m-bn-cpp. Hcp h Iqw ]mp-hp. Ahsc hen-p

480

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]pd-np. ]n--Iv Ibdn h-an-n-cpp. dmo_v XpSn. AtXmsS \ ]pd-mbn. ]n-I

- v \npw J_-dp-Ifpw N-\
- ncn-s-p-I ]pI-bp An-]q-Pbpw Nn-fpw Cm-Xm- {ianXn-s ]pWyw Fm-bmepw \psS kvt\ln-X-mv Am-lp \Im-Xn-cn-p-I-bn. PoW-X amn ]qW-X hcp-n-b-Xns ]pWyw!
]n It-dnb hnhcw sImn-bnepw ]cp. ]nt Znhkw tUm.
l_o-_ns t\Xr-Xz-n \psS Ckvemlo kplr-p- SuWn Hcp {]Xn-tj[ tbmKw kwL-Sn-np. Rm\pw kplr-p-fpw
Ahn-sS-sbn. ap \nb-a-k`m sU]yqn kv]o \^o-kv _ohnbpw AXn ]s-Sp-m Fn-bn-pv. Ah ke^o- BZim`n-ap-Jy-ap am\y h\n-X-bmWv. PmXn-aX t`Z-at\y hn P\-qw
tbmK--e-pv. Fs {]kw-K-ns kam-]\w henb hnIm-c]-c-amb Ah--bn-em-bn-cpp. Rm Hcp {]m\ Dcp-hnp. AXns kmc-an-XmWv. Am-lpth, Rv \jvS-s--Xn-t\-m Da-am-bXv \o HuZm-cy-ambn \In Rsf A\p-{K-ln-t-Wta. Rm
{]mn-p-Ibpw P\w Bao sNmp-I-bp-a Dm-bXv. Rm
{]mY\ sNmp-Ibpw Bfp-I Iq-ambn AtX-p-sNm-p-hm Bhiy-s-Sp-Ib
- p-am-bn-cpp. {]m\ Bhn-m-hnv sNmn-smn-cpp. i_vZ-ap-J-cn-X-amb B {]m\m- kZ-ns\ Bioh-Znm Xo-bmbpw Am-lp-hns ae-p-I Cd-n-h-n-p-m-bncnpw Fm-sWs Dd hnizmkw. B {]m\ Am-lp-hn
kzoI-cn--sp. Ghpw D-a-amb \ne-bn Xs. Be-pg knhnt-js apn SuWns kp{]-[m\ `mKv tdmUns hv,
_tm-ns apn-ep GXm\pw ]oSn-I-ap-dn-I-fp-a-Sw hn-\-mbn hp. Npcp-n ]d-bs, AXv \apv kz-ambn. _m_p Xzmln
tkp-am B hnj-b-n ImWn Dm-lhpw [\-k-lm-b-fpw
hne-a-Xn-m-h-X. Ahpw IpSpw-_-n\pw Amlp Fm-hn[
A\p-{K-l-fpw \Ip-am-dm-Is. alpw kmse tkp-hn-sbpw
klm-bhpw ]np-Wbpw kvacn--s-tS--Xp-Xs.
t^mp-sIm-n-bn kk-_o akvPn-Zn-\p-thn Rm hmnb ehpw Be-p-gb
- n hmnb ehpw Xp-S-p- Im-cy-- \-Sm- I-gn-bm-sX- In-S-p-I-bm-Wv.- c-n-S-pw- \a-kvIm-chpw PpapAbpw XpS-Ww. \psS kvt\ln-X-m Imn-cn-mWv. km[p-fmb Ahv Hpw Ign-bn. Rm Btem-Nnp. ]cn-lm-c-ap-m--

481

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ww. kk-_o {Sn-\p-thn Rm XncqmSv Ipsd `qan hmnbn-n-cpp. AhnsS Na-b--sfm-p-an. Ipdv hr--tf-bp.
Rm AXv hnp. teiw AXnI-hn--em-bn-cpp AXv. In-n-tbmSv
Btem-Nn-m-sX-bp FSp-p-Nm--am-bn-tmbn. kZp-t-iy-m
Rm FSp-p-NmSn. In-n-bn tNmZy-ap-mbn. Rm amp ]dp. Fs Dtiyipn Ahv t_m[y-s-n-cnmw. Ah Fs
amv kzoI-cnp. Innb kwJy-bn ]IpXn kk-_o ]n-pthn Hcp Xmm-enI sjp-m-m sImSpp. _mn Bep-gpw \In. cn-Spw \a-kvIm-chpw Ppap-Abpw XpSn. dn\v
kvXpXn! ]noSv cp ]n-Ifpw `mKn-I-ambn ]p\\nmWw \Sm Ipssh-nse ke^n {Sn \nv klmbw e`np. Bepg akvPnZv ]oSnIapdn-I-fpsS hmS-I-tbmsS kzbw-]-cym-]vX-ambn.
]s, kk-_o akvPnZv BZi-_-p--fpsS klm-b-nemWv Cpw \S- p- h - c p- Xv . AXns apX- h n sI.sI. Da
kmln_v ZoL-Im-e-ambn Cu XymK-{iaw XpSp-h-cn-I-bmWv. Cu
al-mb ]pWy-I-n klm-bn-Ifpw kl-Im-cn-I-fp-ambn hn--hsmw Amlp al-mb {]Xn-^ew \Ip-am-dm-Is.
Be-p-g-bn ]te-S-mbn ]n-I-fp-mbn. sImn-bnse _io
tkv, Be-p-g-bnse kpss_ Ipn-lmPn Fn-h-cpsS apJy klmb-n Imcy- \Sp. Ccp-hcpw Zo\o-hn-j-b-n ssIn-epXv sNe-h-gn-m Hcp aSn-bp-an-m--h-cmWv. Ah kzK-n
Ccn-n-S-amWv Bin-p--sX-n Amlp Ahv AXv km[n-n-psIm-Sp-s. Zpbm-hn _-p-I \Ip-Ibpw sNp-am-dm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

59
jmP-bn \nsm-tcm
Hm-I hp a\-n sImfp-pp. hjhpw Xob-Xnbpw
hgn-p-h-gn-bm-I-W-sa-n-tm. a\-n hp-I-b-dn-bXv hgp-Xn-tmImsX Ipdn-p-tm apt]mpw t]mbn-sm-n-cnpw. 78emWXv
FmWv Hm. sImn-bn \nv hnp-amdn kk-_o {]v
Xncqm-tv amn. Xmakw AhnsS Xs-bmn. sImn-ep-m-bncp {]nse tPmen-m Ftm-sSmv Xncqm-tv hcn-Ibpw

482

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sNbvXp. laoZv am{Xw hn. hfsc Rm \n_-np. Fp-sImtm Iqm-n-bn. F\nv kSw Dmbn. Fp-sNpw. klnp.IpSpw-_m-Zn-I-fpsS \n_--n\v Nne Imc-W--fm Rm hgt-n-hp. AsXmcp _pn-tI-Sm-bn-tmbn Fv A\p-`-h-n
\npw t_m[y-ambn. {]ns Npa-Xe Fs Afn-b Fw. Dkvam-s\
G]np. amknI \S-nv lao-Zns A`m-h-n F\nv `mcambn. Atm sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS aI Sn.sI. aplvbn-o Dacn
Fs klm-bn-m hp. kl]{Xm-[n-]-cmbn At-ls \nbanp. kk-_o hj-n cp amkw eohm-bn-cnpw. sImn ]p-ew. eosh-Sp Hcp amkw Rm\pw aplvbn-o Da-cnbpw tNv K^n-tev Hcp bm{X t]mbn.
R jmP-bn Fn. jmP Khsanse {Km v ap^vXnbpsS (No^v Pnkv) ]Z-hn-bn-em-bn-cp ssiJv A_vZp--Aen alvaqZv AhI Fs Hcp ]gb kplr-m-bn-cpp. AXn-\m ssi-Jv
AhI-fpsS AXn-Yn-bmbn At-l-ns _wm-hn-emWv R
Xma-kn-Xv. Atlw Id-I-f ke^o Nn-I\pw henb ]WvUnX\pw \nb-a--\p-amWv. FtmSv henb kvt\l-amWv. Ctlw
dm_n-Xz-n Be-an Ckvem-an-b-bpsS m]I t\Xm--fn Hcmfm-bn-cpp. R jmP-bn Fp-tm Im-]pcw A_q-_ apkven-bm Ahn-sS-bp--Xmbn kplr-p--fn \n-dnp.
ssiJns Hcp ip]mi-v hmn dm_n-Xz-bn AwKXzw kmZn-m-\p {ia-n-emWv apkven-bm Fpw Adnp. Hcp ke-^nbmbn A`n-\-bnv apkven-bm ssiJns\ Gsd-psd kzm[o-\n-npv. Cs\ thjw amdn K^nepw kpDu-Zn-bnepw bm{X sNbvXv
[mcmfw ]WvUn-X-m-scbpw ]W-m-tcbpw Ctlw shn-em-nb
kw`-h- F\n--dnbmw. lv thf-bn Hcn- _lp-am-\y-\mb
F. Aehn aue-hn-tbbpw tUm. Dkvam kmln-_n-t\bpw Cu \nebn I_-fn-nv ld-an {]kw-Kn-m-\p Ah-kcw apkven-bm
t\Sn-sb-Sp-Xpw Xv kw`-hn Aafn a\-n-emn Ah
tJZn--Xp-amb hnhcw tUmIvS Xs kk-_o-en ap]v FgpXn-bn-pv.
Rm jmP-bn Fnb DSs\ Fs kplr-p- hfp.
Im-]p-c-ns bYm cq]w ssiJns\ Adn-bn--W-sav Ah
\n_-np. Hcp X-Xmb k`w Dm-Ip-Itbm ssiJv Ah-

483

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I apkven-bm-sc-p-dnv FtmSv At\z-jn-p-Itbm sNm

nXn-bn apI-Sv Rm\-Xn\v Hcp-p-I-bn-sv Ah-tcmSv Xop ]dp. Ahv FtmSv \oc-k-ap-m-sb-nepw Rm AXv
Imcy-am-n-bn. Fs a\-n tXmnb icn AXm-bn-cpp. ssiJv
AhI apkven-bm-cpsS sIWn-bn GXmv AI-s \ne-bn-embn-cpp. ImcWw, hnp-ho-gvN-bn-m IWn-i-m-c-\mb Hcp ke^oBZi-m-c-\m-bn-mWv Im-]pcw ssiJns apn Ah-X-cn-Xpw
CS-]-g-In-bXpw. Atm adn-smcp hm-bp-ambn Rm ssiJns\
kao-]n-p--Xp-sImv At-l-ns shdp-n\v ]m{Xo-`q-X-\m-Ip-I-bmsX asm-p-ap-m-hn. Hcp Ah-kcw hp-tN-cm-Xn-cn-p-I-bn-sv Rm {]Xo-np. {]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A-s\-bn-cns Hcp-\m ssiJns _wm-hn Hcp D-hn-cpv
k-ambn. Ad-_n-I s]mXpsh henb AXnYn kmc{]nb-cmWv. adp-\m-n \nv hs-p {]nb-s--hsc Hn-p-Iqn kmcw \Spw. ]pd-p-\np hcp--hpw ]c-kv]cw ]cn-N-b-sSm CsXmcp \ Ah-k-c-am-bn-cnpw. Ccw Nne hncpp kZ-pI-fn shv ]cn-N-b-s-Sm\pw ]noSv kplr-p--fm-Im\pw CS-bmb
Nne {]ap-Jcpw F\n-p-m-bn-pv. jmPm No^v Pkvd-dn-kns
hncpv kZ-n-tev At-l-ns {]nbw km-Znp Ign Im]p-chpw Iqp-Im-c\pw Wn--sp. Rfpw Ahn-sS-bpv. ae-bmfn-bmb Nne {]ap-J thsd-bp-apv. Ad_n ]WvUn-X-m-cns]
Nne BZ-c-Wob hyn-Ifpw hn-pv. R-sf-m-hcpw `-W-taiv Nppw Hcp-anp. Im-]pcw apkven-bm Fs ASp-m-bn-cpp
m\w-]n-Sn-Xv. hfsc kvt\l-n _lp-am-\-]p-c-cw Fv
tXmn-n-p hn[w FtmSv Atlw s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw Ipiew ]dbp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cpp. bYm-n Fs hI-hc
- p-m
am{Xw tZjyw At-l-n\v Ftm-Sp-sv F\n--dnbmw. Fnepw,
Ctmv ImWn--Xn\v kam-\-am-bn--s-nepw Rm-- am\y-am-bn-Xs
Atmpw s]cp-amdn. R k`-bn ]-c-k-v]-cw- ]eXpw kwkm-cnp-sIm-n-cp Iq-n ssiJv Hcp Ncn{X kw`hw A\p-kva-cn-pIbpw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hnj-b-an-Xm-bn-cpp.
\_n kzlm-_n-I-fp-ambn lpss\-\n-tev bm{X sNp-I-bmWv.
hgn-aty Hcp kw`-h-ap-mbn. apivcn-p-I Am-ev Bcm-[n-pt]m Hcp t\-acw Dm-bn-cpp. bptm-]-I-c-W- B t\

484

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hr-n-t Ah Xqn-bnSpw. tijw Ah AsX-Spv D]-tbmKnpw. \psS \mn Nne Pmd--fn Ccw ]qP-I \S-nepv. hrw \np ev Fn-b-tm kzlm-_n-I-fn
Nne Hcp A_w ]dp. Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn ioen-p-h _lp-ssZhm-cm-[-\-bpsS Nne Awi- ambmsX Ah-cpsS a\-ns tImWpI-fn-se-hn-sStbm _mn \np-p-m-bn-cpp Fp-thWw A\pam-\n-m. A-c-n-ep Hcp hmN-I-amWv Nne-cn \npw
]pdv hXv. Ah ]dp:- ""Am-lp-hns ZqXtc,- Rv
CXv t]msemcp acw Gm-Sm-n-bmepw''.- CXv tI \_n hmsX
tIm]n-jvT-\mbn. _\q Ckvdm-Cu kaqlw Hcp Iq-am-fp-I hn{Klm-cm-[\ \S-p-Xv Hcn- I-tm aqkm-\_nt\mSv
]dp, ""aqkm, Rpw Hcm-cm-[y-hkvXp Xm-dmn-cn-I-''.Ckvdm-Cu-ey aqk-tbmSv ]d-Xv t]mse \nfpw FtmSv ]dbp-I-bmtWm Fv tNmZn-p-sImv \_n Ahsc imkn-p-I-bpmbn. CXv kw_--amb lZoYv ssiJv AhI hmbnp.- Fn-tlw ]dp. ""\psS kap-Zm-b-ns Imcyw F{X Zb-\obw.
alm-m--fpsS J_-dp-Ifpw Nn-fpw P\- ]qPn-p-phtm.''Rm B{K-ln-n-cp Ah-kcw Fs tXSn-sb-n-sbv F\nv t_m[y-ambn. Rm ]dp: Cu Zpc-h temI-amsI hym]n-ncn-pp. R-fpsS \mnepw CtX-sd-bpv. Ipsd ]WvUn-X-m Ccw inp-]-c-amb Imcy-sf t{]mm-ln-n-p--Xn \nc-cw
hym]r-X-cmWv. A-c-n-ep Hcp ]WvUn-X-kw-L-S\ Xs RfpsS \mn {]hn-p-pv. B kwL-ns Hcp {][m\ {]Nmc-I-\mWv Fs ASp-n-cn-p Cu A_q-_- apkven-bm. Im]pcw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw s]mn-s-dnp. Da auehn ]d-bp-Xv
AmsS If-hmWv Fv tm`-tmsS {]Xn-h-Nnp. Xm Hcn-epw
inns {]Nm-c-I-\-spw Xulo-Zns k `S-\m-sWpw
hniz-kn-n-m B kZ-n Atlw InWp {ianp. ]s,
a\-n Dd-p-In-S-p-Xpw ]d-p-io-en--Xp-amb inv Adn-bmsX \mhn \nv ]pd-p-NmSn. Fs hmp-I tI-bp-Ss\ ssiJv
AhI Ap-X-hn-h-i-\mbn tNmZy-cq-]-n FtmSv ""hmln''
Fv i_vZnp. Rm adp-]-Sn-bmbn B ]Zw Bhn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Am-lp-hns\ kmn-bm-n-bp kXyw sN-em-WXv. Im-

485

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]pcw apkven-bm-cpsS a\v kXw sImSp-n-s-nepw \mhv sam-gn hmN-I-an-Xm-bn-cpp: ""R Huen-bm-sf hnfn-p-Xv
cn-m-\-h {]m]vX-cm-sW hnizm-k-n-e. Rv thn
Ah dn-t\mSv ip]mi sNp-sa Bi-bn-- am{X-amWv.'' s]-sv ssiJns {]Xn-I-c-W-ap-mbn. ""Fn \n apivcn-m-Wtm.'' aqp-X-hW Cu hmNIw tIm]-tmsS Atlw Bh-np.
kZ-msI Hn-fIn. ae-bm-fn-I-fn Nne Fs Ip-s-Spn.
""Ctm \n-fnXv ]d-bm ]mSn-m-bn-cpp'' Fm-W-h \ymbw
]d-Xv. ]ns Ftm-gmWv ]d-bpI? C\n CXp-t]mse Hcp k`w thsd Inp-sav Fm-Wp-dv? Rm adp-]Sn ]dp. `Ww
Ignp. ssI Igp-Ip Smn-\-cn-In shv Im-]pcw Fs `ojWn-s-Sp-p cq]-n Nne ]Z-{]-tbm-K- \Sn. Rm
AXn-t\mSv Hpw {]Xn-I-cn-n. {]Xn-I-cn-m \ ^e-ap-m-Ip-sav
F\n--dnbmw. ]s, hyn-]-c-amb kvt\l hntZz-j--fpsS
{]iv\-an-hn-sS-bn-tm. BZi-]-c-amb hntbm-Pnv am{Xw.
As\ ssiJv A_vZp Aen alvaqZv AhIsf sIWn-bn-emn dm_n-Xz-bn AwKXzw Ic--am-m-\p Im-]p-c-ns
X{w AtXmsS s]mfnp. Fs kl-bm-{Xn-I-\mb Da-cnpw kplr-p-pw \ `b-ap-m-bn-cpp. Im-]pcw \S-nb `ojWn \mn-se-n-bm Xs A\p-bm-bn-I aptJ\ \S-n-em-ptam?
Rm cm]-I-en-msX \mSp-Np-p--h-\mWv. an-tmgpw bm{X X\nm-bn-cnpw. h-hcpw D]-{Z-h-ta]n-m-sav Icp-Xn-bm HmSn cs-Sm {]mbw klm-b-I-a, kplr-p- \nc-cw D]-tZ-inpw.
Nne-tm imknpw. Rm au\w Zonpw. Fp kqn-m?
Cn-cm-Km-nbpw cmPohv Kmnbpw kqn-m-Xn-cp-X
- mtWm sIms-Sm ImcWw? A. kqva-Xbpw cm-h-e-bhpw IW-n-te-sdbm-bn-cpp Ahv. Fnpw AXv kw`-hn-nt. Am-lp-hns
Zo\n-\p -th-n-bp bm{X-bn i{Xp--fn \npw h t{Zml-hp-apm-bm AXns ]pWyhpw IqSn e`n-p-atm Fv Rm Bizknp. Am-lp-hn Xh-p sNbvXp. Ah Cn-p-Xv \S-s
Fv IcpXn. ]s, bmsXmpw kw`-hn-n. Fs ico-c-n
FhnsS \npw Hcm-{I-aWw t\cn-n. \-m-Xn-cm-hn t]mepw GI\mbn Rm tdmUn-eqsS \Spw. Nne temdn-Iv ssI ImWnpw.
Nne \npw. Fs Ibn SuWns a[y-ntem _mntem

486

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Cd-n-hnSpw. A-s\-bp Hcp k`w Ctm Rm Hmp-IbmWv. Hcp Znhkw ]mXn-cmhv Ign cpaWn- t\cw. Rm FhnsS
\ntm _n ae-p-dv hn-dn. GsX-nepw _v hcp-sa-minv Ipsd t\cw \np. ^e-an. Xncqm-tv ]Xn-\mep Intemao- Zqcw. Hcp tXm.- ]Xps \Smw. hgn-bn h temdntbm
Imtdm ssIImn \nn-n-n-bm Xn-cqm-tv Ibdmw. Rm
\Sp, cp Intem-ao--tdmfw. tdmUn Hcp a\p-jy-Po-hn-bp-an. ]ndsI h cp-aqp hn-Iv ssI ImWnp t\mn. \nn-bn.
Hcp temdn hcp-pv. shdpsX ssI ImWnp. temdn \nn. Iym_n hfsc Db-c-n-emWv. Ib-dm Ign-bp-n. ss{Uh hp
Fs klm-bnp Ibn. ss{Uh tNmZnp. auehn Fs Adn-bptam. F\nv a\-n-em-bn. Atlw ]dp. Rm \n-fpsS Hcp
injy-\mWv. auehn aptJ-\-bmWv Rm lnZm-b-n-em-bXv. F\nv
Ic-n hp. Am-lp-hns\ kvXpXnp. kwkmcw tI-tm B
a\p-jy\pw Ic-bp-I-bm-sWv F\nv tXmn. hm Hc-\p-`-h-ambn-cpp AXv. hn hoSn\p apn-ep tdmUn AcnIv tNv
\nn. Atlw Cdn Cp-dv hv Fs Xmn-bn-dn. IqsS
hon-tev hp. hop-Im DWv hmXn Xpd- tij-amWv Fs
kvt\l-k---\mb injy bm{X ]d-Xv. B \ a\p-jys\
k-cn-m Ign-bm--Xn Rm thZ-\np. CXp-t]mse Hcn-
Ccp-n \S-p-tm Hcp Im FXnsc hp apn \np. Rm
teiw `bp. Imdn-\-I-p-\nv A-emap Assepw F i_vZw
tI-tm Bizm-k-ambn. Atlw Fs Imdn Ibn. F\nv
ap]-cn-N-b-an. ]s, Atlw Fs Adnbpw. Rm Fgp-Xnb
]eXpw hmbn-n-p-s{X. Fs Jp-B XP-a At-l-ns
ssIhiw Dv. Atlw Fs Xs hon-te-mWv sImp-t]mbXv. at\m-l-c-amb henb hoSv. `Ww Ign--XmtWm Fv tNmZnp. Rm Amgw Ign-n-cp-n. Atlw hop-Imsc DWn
Ftm `Ww Xm-dm-m I]n--tm Rm XSp. F\nv ]gw Ds-n Inn-bm aXn. cp G-gw sImp-hp.
AXpw Hcp mkv shhpw Ignp. Atlw \Inb apdn-bn
kpJ-ambn Ddn. cmhnse Atlw Imdn sImp-hp _kv
mn hnp. Cs\ F{X-sb{X Hm-I, A\p-`-h-!
B Iq-n hnIm-c-`-cn-X-amb Hc-\p-`-hw-IqSn ]dbmw. Iq

487

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]nem--d-bn \S apPm-lnZv kwm\ kt-f-\-ns {]N-cWmw Rm\pw lpssk aS-hqcpw lk- aZo\n (Beph) bpsamv kpDuZn Atd-_y-bn-tev bm{X t]mb Imcyw apv hnh-cnn-pv. F\nv Hcp sNdnb Amv \nanw bm{X CSv shv
\nn \mn-tev aSn. Rm tcmKn-bm-sWv hnam-\-ns
Hm^o-kn th-s--h Adn-bn--Xn-\m F\nv {]tXyI ]cn-NcWw e`n-n-cpp. hosNb-dn-emWv Ah Fs sImp-t]m-bn-cpXv. hnam\w t_mws_-bn-en-dn. Fs tPmen-m hosNbdn Ccpn sImp-t]m-Ip-I-bmWv. Atm AXm Hcm HmSn-hv
sNb-dn-t ]nSnp. XncqmSv kztZin. kpn-I-fpsS henb t\Xmhv aXv ss^kn. Fs BZi-ho-Yn-bnse i-\mb FXn-cmfn.
hosNb-dns ]nSn Atlw Gs-Spp. tPmen-msc Ftm ]dp Hgn-hmn. Fs Dn-smv t]mbn. tImgn-tm-t-p
hnam-\-n Ftm-sSmv hp. Fs ]cn-N-cnp. kvt\lm-Z-cthmsS s]cp-amdn. Icn-q hnam-\-m-h-f-n-sen. hopw hosNb-dn Atlw Fs ]pd-tv sImp-hp. aZv lmPn _nkn\v Bh-iymw kZm Ad_v cmPy--fn bm{X sNp tZlamWv. ]pdv Fs sImp-h tijw A-t-lw- Xs Hcp SmIvkn hnfnp. aue-hnv Ftm-mWv t]mtI-Xv Fv tNmZnp.
"tImgn-tmSv apPm-lnZv sk-dn-tev' Rm ]dp. Atlw
Fs Im-dn Ibn. SmIvkn hmSI kzw t]m-n \np Xs
sImSpp. At-l-n\v AXv \n_--am-bn-cpp. As\ kvt\l-]qw bm{X-bmn.
aXv lmPn-bn \npw \n-]qw kvacn-p thsdbpw Hc-\p`-h-ap-v. XncqmSv Hcp sjn-emWv R \a-kvIm-chpw PpapAbpw XpS-n-bXv. ]n ]Wn-bm Bcw-`np. \mn-ep ke^okplr-p- Ign-h-\p-k-cnv hnlnXw \In. ]pdsa \npw kw`mh-\I
- tiJ-cnp. ]Wn ]qn-bm-bn-n. Rm Hcp bm{X Ignp
hon-se-n-b-tm aI ap_m-dpw apw tNv FtmSv ]dp.]n-bpsS ]Wn Xom C\nbpw A[nIw ]Ww thWw. ap-_m-dn-\v- Hcm-tem-N\. aZv lmPn \psS Abm-c-\m-Wtm. Atlw e-pv. D R-tfm-sSmv At-ls kao-]n-m
Fs-nepw klmbw e`n-m-Xn-cn-n. teiw aSnbpw ibpw Dmbn-cp-s-nepw Rm IqsS t]mbn. Atlw hfsc kvt\l-tmsS

488

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Rsf kzoI-cnp. FtmSv hm-smcp BZ-c-hmWv {]I-Sn-n-Xv.

ap_m-d-mWv Imcyw Ah-X-cn-n-Xv. Fsbpw kplr-p--tfbpw
Ap-X-]-c-X-{-cm-n-smv Atlw \qdp-Nmv kna v hmKvZm\w sNbvXp.- Am-lp-hn\v kvXpXn. At-l-tmSv F{X \n ]dmepw aXn-bm-Im a\-p-am-bn-mWv Rm aS-n-bXv. Amlp
At-l-n\v Al-amb {]Xn-^ew \Ip-am-dm-Is. Nne A\p-`-h F{X ]g-In-bmepw a\-ns tImWn _mn-bmIpw. AXn
thZ-\n-p-h DmIpw. ktm-jn-p--Xp-ap-mIpw. a[p-cn-p
Hm-Ifpw Dudn-n-Spw. aZv lmPn-bn \np-mb A\p`-h- a[p-cX-c-amb Bm-Z-n-t-XmWv. BZi-]-c-ambn R cv
{[p-h--fn-emWv nXn-sN-p--sX-nepw hyn-]-c-amb kvt\lm-Z-chp-I ]c-kv]cw Imp-kq-np. AXn Fs `mKv \nv
hogv N hn- ptm FmWv Ctm- g p `bw. Amlp amv
sNs.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

60
^nXv\ Dm-nb ^nXv\
kpn-I-fpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp Sn.sI. A_vZp auehn (]c--\mSn) Hcp Jp-B ]cn-`mj {]kn-o-I-cnp. Pem-sse\n X^vkodns t\ XP-a-sb-mWv ]ckyw sNbvXXv. CXn\v "kpn ]cn`mj' Fv m\w \In-smv ]mW-mSv ]qtm-b-X-
Ah-Xm-cn-Ibpw cNnp.
hnip Jp-B-\n A _Jd 193epw A A^m 39epw
""^nXv\ Dm-Im-sX-bm-Ip--Xp-hsc \n bpw sNbvXp-sIm-ncn-pI.'' Fw hcp hN-\-apv. AXm-bXv, "emC-eml Cmlp' F Iena sNmp-Ibpw AXv {]Imcw Pohn-p-Ibpw P\sf AXn-tev Wn-p-Ibpw sNbvXm sImp-I-f-bp-sav
Zp\w `oj-Wn-s-Spn. {]hm-N-I-m-tcbpw ]mh-s A\p-N-cm-tcbpw Ah sIme-s-Spn. An-bn Poh-t\msS Zln-n-
hsc Dm-bn-pv. \nc-cw aZn-p-Ibpw \mSp-I-S-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. CXmWv ^nXv\. ^nXv\ sImS-n-cn- sIm--tm ]I-cw-ho bp-n Iem-inp. Ckvem-anI Ncn-{X-n bp-ap-m-bXv

489

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

C-s\-bmWv. \mSp-sh-n-n-Sn-m\pw kv hmcn-q-m\pw Ckvem-an bpw A\p-h-Zn-n-n. Am-lp-hns\ am{Xw Bcm-[np Pohnp-h
- sc Bcpw ]oUn-n--cpXv. ]uc-kzm-X-{yhpw Bcm-[\m kzmX-{yhpw \Intb ]q. CXn\p thn bpw A\p-h-Znp. FtmgmWv bpw \nt--sXv ta]-d hN-\-n I]np.
a-\w Hgn-hm-n-bm bpw Ah-km-\n-nmw. CXmWv Bb-nse hnjbw.
hni-Zmw-i--fn-tev t]mIpw apv asmv \n-fpsS {i-bns]-Spmw. "98 amnse i_m_v hmcn-I-bnse Hcp e-n Hcp
tNmZyw hp. 1892 kzman hnth-Im-\- e-\n \S-nb Hcp
{]`m-j-W-n Aap-kvenw-I Ckvemw kzoI-cn-m Xm-dmImsX \n-m Ahsc sImp-I-f-bm Ckvemw I]n-p-pv
Fv ]d-p-hs{X! CXv kw_--amb tNmZy-n\v \ adp-]Sn
i_m_v sImSp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXv \qm-p-I ]g--ap Hcp
Btcm-]-W-amWv. kpn ]cn-`m-j-bn ^nXv\ F-Xn\v inv
(_lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[\) F Aw sImSp-n-pv. Atm hnthIm-\ kzmansb Bt-]n-m \apv \ymb-an-tm. Ccw
X^vko-dp-Imcpw XP-a-m-cp-at CXn-\p--c-hm-Zn-I?- alm A_hpw `b-c A]-IS-I-c-hp-amWv Cu Aw.
Fm ]e InXm-_p-I-fnepw Cu Aw ew ]nSn-n-pv.
alm-\mb C_v\p Am-kns t]cn-emWv CXv {]N-cn-n--s-Xv.
InXm-_p-I-fn ImWp bpn-c-ln-X-amb Imcy- ASn hngpm \apv km[y-a. C_v\p Amkv Cu Aw ]d-bp-I-bn FXv At-bw Dd-mWv. AXn\v FmSpw sXfn-hpv. ]p
Ime--fn ]nim-Nns an{X- thZ-hm-Iy-- Xs amp-I-bmbn-cpp ]Xnhv. Jp-Bs Ime-am-b-tm CXn\v Ign-bm Ah-bp-mbn. Amlp CXn-s\mcp i-amb kwc-W he-b-apmn. Atm ]nim-Nns Iqp-Im Aw amp hgn-bn-tev
Xncnp. Cs\ [mcmfw kw`-hn-n-pv. AXn s]-XmWv C_v\p Am-kns t]cn {]N-cn-n-s
- Cu hymP Aw. IqSp-X
hym]-I-ambn {]Nmcw e`n-p--Xn-\mWv C_v\p Am-kns t]cv
]nimNv D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-n-bXv. Jp-B-\ns Bibw C_v\p Amkn\v {Kln-n-t-Wta Fv \_n {]mn-n-pv. Atm Imcyw
Ffp--ambn. CXmWv ss]im-NnI X{w. Cu {]Nm-cWw Pem-sse\n

490

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

X^vko-dnepw IS-p-IqSn. AXns ]cn-`m-j-sb \ne-bn Sn.sI.

aue-hnbpw Cu Aw Xs FSpp ]dp. ^mkn-p-Iv
Ah-cpsS ]cn-io-e\ Iymp-I-fn ]b-m-\p Hcm-bp-[-am-bn-ocpw
Cu ]cn-`mj Fv Rm `b-sp. ]cn-`mj ]pd-n-d-nb DSs\
Rm Sn.sI.v hnjbw kqNn-nv I-bp. kap-Zm-b-n\v henb
A]-ISw Wnv hcp-p Cu alm sXv Xncp--W-sav Bhiy-sp. Ah-Xm-c-I-t\bpw hnhcw Adn-bnp. ^nXv\v a\w, ]oU\w,- ]co-Ww Fsm-s-bmWv ChnsS A-sapw Rm
FgpXn. hfsc tami-am-bn-cpp {]Xn-I-cWw. HSp-hn kk-_o-eneqsS At-l-hp-ambn Hcp JWvU\ aWvU\ ]c-c Xs \Sp.
HSp-hn Atlw \ymbo-I-cnp; inn-m-Xm-Ip-I-sbp shm
inns hm--fpsS iqcX Cm-Xm-IpI FmWv Dtiyw.
Atm Rm Xncp-m {ianp. \n a\-n Dt-in-Xv BfpI hmbn-p-I-bn-tm. Fgp-Xn-b-Xt hmbnq. Fgp-Xn-tb-Sv
Xncp-Ww. Xncp-m X hn\bw At-l-n-\p-m-bn. A-tlw ac-W-sp.
Fs a\-n \npw Cu hnjbw hnp-t]m-bnn--.- hj--p
tijw Rm kap-Zmb t\Xm-mbn Hcp A`y\ ASn-ndn. kpo- Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bn AXyw A]-I-S-I-c-amb Hcp
hnjbw hn-pv. apkvenw-Is-Xn-cn i{Xp-v hen-sbm-cmbp-[hpw apkvenw bph-lr-Z-b--fn AXn-`-bm-\-I-amb Xo{h-hm-Zhpw tIm{Iop sNm CS-bm-p Cu Ahpw Bi-bhpw
kpo- apkven-bm--sf-smv \n Xncp-n--Ww Fv Rm
At]- np. C- X v - Rm ssIImcyw sNt hnj- b - a - tm,]WvUn-X-m-cpsS apn Rm\nXv Ah-X-cn-nmw F-v- a-dp-]-Snsbgp-Xn- H-cp- h-en-b- t\mXm-hv-. XnIpw am\y-amb adp-]Sn. CXpt]mse Xs ap a{n ]n.Fw. A_q-_- kmln_pw FtmSv
apJ-Zm-hn ]dp. ]s, Hp-ap-m-bn. tZjyw tXmn-b-tm
{]km-[-Iv Rm ho t\mokv Abp. Ah adp-]Sn Xp.
hfsc tami-amb adp-]Sn.- tIk-p-ambn aptm-p-t]m-Ip-hm Rm
Hcpn. ]s, kplr-p--fmb ]e apkvenw ho-e-mcpw Fs
AXn \npw ]nn- c n- n- p- h m- \ mWv {ian- Xv . kap- Z m- b s
sam-n _m[n-p Nne s]mXp Xm]-cy-hn-j-b- \ymb-fmbn Ah Fs apn shp. Ipdv hyn-I-fpsS In

491

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

am{Xw HXp-n-bn-cn-p Cu {]iv\w Hcp tZiob hm-bmbn hcm tImSXn \S-]-Sn-I CS-bm-p-sapw- AXv KpW-t-m-tfsd
tZmj-ambn `hn-p-sa-p-am-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS {][m-\a
- mb \ymb-hmZw.
Rm hg-p-I-bn-sv tXmn-b-tm Fs Biz-kn-n-m
{iaw \Sn. ""aue-hn ]cn-`m-j-I-t\bpw {]km-[-I-t\bpw ap ths--h-tcbpw hnjbw Imcy-Im-cW klnXw sXcy-s-Sp-n-btm.
aue-hn-bpsS hmb-\-m-cnepw hnjbw Fnp. Atm Am-lphns apn \n-fpsS _m[yX Xop-htm. A{Xbpw aXn.''Jp-B-\nepw kp-nepw btYjvSw ssII-S-p ]utcm-lnXy-ns kz`m-h-n\v Ncn-{X-ns At--e hsc ]g--ap-v.
Fp ]d-mepw sNbvXmepw Gp ]d-bm\pw A-ambn ]np-Wm\pw alm`qcn-]w X-tfm-sSmv Dm-Ip-sa ss[cy-amWv
Ch-cpsS kmZyw. ]s, Bcpw ]np-W-m-\n-msX GI-\mbn
\nt-n-hcp-p Hcp Znhkw hcm-\pv. Av \ymb-hm-Z- hnetm-Ip-Ib
- n. Ifhv ]d-bm Ign-bp-I-bn. ""B Zn\-n Ah-cpsS
hmb--Iv \mw ap{Z-sh-p--XmWv. Ah-cpsS ssII \tmSv kwkm-cn-p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Imep-I AXn\p kmn ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNp--Xm-Ipp,- Ah {]hn--Xn-s\-p-dnv''- (bmko).- Fm Cu Znh-k-ns bmYmy-n ZrV-hn-izm-k-ap--h-t AtX-p-dnv `b-ap-mIq. ]c-tem-I-s-p-dnv Fgp-Xn-b-XpsImtm {]kw-Kn--Xp-sImtm AXn hnizm-k-ap-m-bn-sm-W-sa-n. Nne-cpsS {]hrn ImWp-tm CXv t_m[y-sSpw. Hcp
]WvUnX thj-[mcn Hcn- hy`n-Nm-c-ns Cl]c tZmj--sfp-dnv Hcp aWn-q-dn-e-[nIw {]kw-Knp. Av ]mXn-cm-hn\v tijw
Abmsf Ahn-lnX thgvNv sXmn-k-lnXw Bfp-I ]nSnp. Abm Imep-]n-Snp Icp amp ]dp c-sp. Ctm Atlw henb [\n-I-\mWv. C-s\-sb-{X-sb{X kw`-h-! Jp-B
tNmZn-pp. ""\n {]hn-m--Xns\ Fn\v ]d-p-\-S-pp.'' a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xs BI-am\w Nqgvn-d-p Cu XmoXv
Gh-pw ]mT-am-bn-cn-s, F\npw.
"^nXv\' F {]tbmKw Jp-B-\n At\Iw e--fn hnpv. hnhm-Z-]-chpw ]T-\ml-hp-amb Hcp hnj-b-sa \ne-bn
Jp-B-\n Cu ]Zw hn-p GXm\pw k`- Fs hmb-\m- {K-ln--W-sav Bin-pp.

492

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

1. A_-Jd 102 ""Ah Ccp-hcpw bmsXm-cm-sfbpw ]Tn-n-n-cpn,- R Hcp "^nXv\' Xs-bmWv,- \o Im^n-dm-bn-tm-tI
Fv ]d-p-tIm--msX''Ah (lmdqv, amdqv) GsXm-cmpw knlv ]Tn-n-ptmgpw ]d-bpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cpp,- Rsf Amlp Ab-n-cn-p-Xv \nsf knlv ]Tn-nv AXv \n-sf- sImv {]hn-n-m
thn-b. \n Im^n-dm-tI.- knlv sNp--h Im^n-dmIpw
Fv ]d tijta ]Tn-n-n-cp-pq. ChnsS inv F Aw. ]co-Ww Fp-X-s-bmWv.
2. A^m 25 ""Hcp ^nXv\ hcp-Xv \n-- kqnp sImpI. AXv _m-[n-p-I- \n-fn \np A{I-an-I-fm-bn-p-hv am{X-am-bn-m-In.'' (Fm-hpw hym]-I-ambn _m[npw)
AXm-bXv Nne A{I-a- \nanw Ip-hm-fn-Ipw \nc-]-cm-[nIpw s]m-Xpsh Gt-n-h-cp inm-\-S-]-Sn-I kqNn-npp Fv kmcw. ChnsS ^nXv\v ]co-Ww, in FmWw. inv F A-w Hp-I-bn.
3. A^m 28 ""\n-b-ambpw kpw km-\-fpw Hcp
^nXv\ Xs-bm-sW--dn-bpI'' kv \nan-hpw a \nan-hpw tZmjhpw KpWhpw hcmw. kqn--W-sav kmcw. Chn-sSbpw
Cu hmn\v ]co-Ww Fm-Ww.
4. XKm-_p 15 ""Xo-bmbpw \n-fpsS apX-ep-Ifpw km-\fpw Hcp ^nXv\ Xs-bmWv.''- ]-co--W-a- F---am-Wn-hn-sSbpw.-5. A^m 73 ""CXv \n {]mhn-I-am-n-bn-s-n `qanbn ^nXv\ DmIpw'' Fp shm \n kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf
klm-bn-Ww. Icm ]men-Ww. s]mXp i{Xp-hn-s\-Xn-cn kcmbn `{Z-ambn kwL-Sn-Ww. AXv \n sNm--]w `qanbn ^nXv\ DmIpw. Ipg--ap-m-Ip-sa-m-Wn-hnsS Aw. inv A.
6. bq\pkv 85 ""R-fpsS cn-Xmth, A{I-an-I-fmb P\-Xv
Rsf ^nXv\-bm--cptX'' R-fpsS Zpc-h Inv \oXnpw
kXy-n\pw hne-I]n-m P\- Ckvemw \nan--amWv
R C-s\-bm-b-sXv sXn--cn-p-sImv Ckvem-an \npw

493

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ah AIv t]mIm X hnj-a-n-Xn-bn Rsf B-cptX Fv kmcw. aqkm\_nbpw Iq-cp-amWv CXv {]mn-Xv.
ChnsS ^nXv\v ]co--W-sa-mWv Aw.
8. A_n-bmAv 111 ""F\n--dn-p-IqSm,- AXv \nsmcp
^nXv\ Bbn-cnmw.'' \n-fpsS B{I-a-v DS-\Sn in \ImsX \on-sh-n-cn-p-Xv Hcp ]co--W-am-bn-cnmw. tJZnv aSn acymZ ]men-m\pw \oXn ]pem\pw \nv Ah-kcw
\Ip-I-bmWv sNp-Xv. Chn-sSbpw ]co-Ww Fv Xs-bmWv Aw.
9. lv 53 ""ssiXzm Cp-sIm-Sp-p--Xns\ lrZ-b--fn
tcmK-ap--hpw lrZ-b- ISp-p-t]m-b-hpw Hcp ^nXv\-bmIm X-hw'' Amlp {]hm-N-I-mv \Inb thZ-hm-Iy Ah a\p-jysc ]Tn-n-m ]nimNv AXn ]e Ir{Xn-a-fpw \Sn Ipg--ap-m-pI ]Xn-hm-bn-cpp. apt lrZ-b--fn
h{I-Xbpw Zptam-l-fpw D-hv ]nim-Nns ssII-S--ep-I
alm ^nXv\ Xs-bm-bn-o-cpp. ChnsS Ipgw Fm-Ww.
10. A_-Jd 191 ""^nXv\ sIme-tb-m \njvTq-c-am-Ipp''.
CXns ap]n hN-\--fn ]oU-\-s-p-dn-mWv ]d-bp-Xv.
AXp-sImv ]oU\w, a\w Fsm-s-bm-Wn-hnsS Aw.
11. Zmcn-bm-v 14 ""\np ^nXv\ \n A\p-`-hn-p-sImp-ho''.- buap-o Ftm-gm-sW--h tNmZn-pp. AKv\n-bn
Ahsc ]gp-n-p Imew Fv Amlp ]dp. \n-fpsS An in-mWv ChnsS ^nXv\ Fv ]d-Xv.- inv FXv ChnsS A-an.
Jp-B-\n Hcp ]cn-tim-[\ \S-n-b-tm 32 e--fn
^nXv\ F hmv D]-tbm-Kn--Xmbn Ip. Hcn-Spw inv F
Aw C. Cu kpn ]cn-`mj Pem-sse-\nsb XJveoZv sNbvXXp \nan--ap-m-b-XmWv. XJveoZv F almtcmK-am-Wtm apkven-bm--fpsS \mi-tlXp. Bcp-sS-sb-nepw hmen XqmsX Ahv Zo\n-.- \_nbpsSbpw kzlm-_n-I-fp-tSbpw Ncy A\p-I-cn-p-Xn\v ]nimNv k-Xn-p-I-bp-an. AXn\p ]Icw ssiXzms
an{X- alm]WvUn-X-m-cpsS t]cn aZvl-_p-I sIn-bp-mn. B ]WvUn-X-m CXn\v Hcn-epw D-c-hm-Zn-I-f. ]nimNv
am{X-amWv bYm D-c-hmZn. _pnbpw a\x-km-nbpw \ncp-]m-

494

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

[nIw ]W-b-s-Spn P\-sf kXy-Zo-\n \npw AI-p

]ptcm-ln-X-mcpw Cu \mi-I-c-amb XJveo-Zn-sbpw hm-
Xs. Jp-B-\ns ]cn-`mj Imhy-cq-]-n ae-bm-fo-I-cn AXn-at\m-l-c-amb sI.Pn. cmL-h \mb-cpsS krjvSn CubnsS Rm ]cntim-[np. kpn ]cn-`m-j-bn inv Fv Aw ]d cp
Bb-p-Ipw Atlw a\w FmWv Aw \In-bn-cn-pXv. h{IX shSnp \njv]--ambn Nnn-p Hcp Aapkvenw
Fgp-p-Im-c\p t]mepw As\ sNmt\ km[y-amIq. kpo- ]cn`m-j-bpsS Ah IjvSw Xs. Zpcq-lX \nd-Xpw!
Hp-IqSn ]d-bs. 99 BKv 15\v s]cn-a Sulm-fn
^mkn-k-n-s\-Xn-cn Hcp Iqmbva F skan-\m \Sp. Rm\pw
AXn -Wn--s-n-cp-p.- C-cp-]-Xv- an-\n-m-Wv- F-\n--\p-h-Zn-Xv-.^m-kn-k-n-s- `bm-\-IX Npcpn ]dp. tijw \-fn-ep
^mknkw BZyw \mw Hgn-hm-m {ian-Ww Fpw ]dp. DZml-c-W-n\v kpn ]cn-`m-j-bn ^nXv\v inv Fv Aw
sIm-Sp-- c-p- B-b-p-I- Nq-n-Im-Wn-p.- JpB- h-N-\--fp-sSA--w- sX-n-v- apkvenw lrZ-b--fn ^mkn-k-ns hnn-SpXv Zqc-hym-]-I-amb Zpjv^-e-v CS-bm-p-sapw ]dp.
Bcm-[\mkzmX-{yhpw ]uc-kzm-X-{yhpw A\p-h-Znp InWw.
AXv A\p-h-Znp Xcp kaq-l-tmSpw cmjv{S-tmSpw _lp-ssZhm-cm-[-\-bpsS t]cn bpw ]mSn-m--XmWv. hy-amb {]t_m[\w am{Xta BImhq F Jp-B-\ns Blzm\w Rm AhnsS
Nq-n-m-Wn-p-. As\ Am-lp-hns {K-tmSv Iqdp ]pet _m[yX Ign-hns ]c-am-h[n Rm \n-ln-n-pv. Cu
Ipdnpw AXns `mK-am-Ipp. Amlp kzoI-cn-p-am-dm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

61
hw aue-hn-bpsS \mn
GXm\pw hj-v apv sImw Pn-bnse Icp-\m-K--n-bn Hcp {]kw-K-n-\mbn Rm Wn--sp. AhnsS Ckvemln
{]h-\w Ac-t-dp Imew. hw aue-hn-bpsS \mn Hcp Act-tam!! ApXw tXmp-p-ht!! Nne kXy- A{]n-b--fm-

495

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ip--Xp-t]mse ZpxJ-I-c-hp-amWv.
BcmWo hw auehn?-t\cs Ipdv ]d--XmWv. ]s,
aXn-h-cp-n. sImXn Xocp-p-an. Ckvemlo tIc-f-ns \mb-Im-cmbn {]b-Xv\n alm-c-Y-mv amK-Zo]w sXfn-bn Hcp A]q {]Xn-`-bm-bn-cpp hw. A\p-I-c-Wo-b-\mb tZim-`n-am\n, A`nam-\n-bmb kap-Zmb kvt\ln, _lp-hn-m\n, _lp-`mjm ]WvUnX, Xqen-Iv hmfn-t\-m aq-bp-sv sXfn-bn ss\]pWy
kmcYn, C\n Fsm-s-bmWv ]d-tb-Xv Fs-\n--dn-bn. auehn-sb-p-dnv F{X {]iw-kn-mepw XqenI InXv ]nm-dp-I-b-msX
hmp-Iv hncm-a-ap-m-Ip-I-bn. "cma-Ir-jvW-]n' F ]{X-{]h-I-\mb \mb bphm-hns\ "kztZ-im-`n-am\n' Ion-ap-{Zv
Al-\m-p--Xn hw auehn hln ]v A\p-kva-cn-m Iqm-m khW- hKo-b-X-bpsS aapJ- A\--]p-cn-bpsS
an XmWvUh \rw \S-p-I-bmWv. "kztZ-im-`n-am\n' F
hnh Pzme-bpsS DS-a-bmb auehn ]qW-ambn hnkva-cn--sp. cmaIr-jvW-n Fpw kvacn--s-Sp-Ibpw sNpp. Cu Zp\n-bmhv
C-s\-sbm-s-bmWv. Aln-p--h Ah-K-Wn--sSpw. AlX-bn-m--h ]eXpw sImbvsX-Sppw. Zpbm-hn ]qW- Zmcn-{Zyn-tev B]-Xn-p-sImv k {]`p-hmb hwauehn ChnsS
\npw bm{X-bmbn. Afv Xqn IrXy-amb {]Xn-^ew \Ip
\oXn-]o-T-n\v apn-tev. Fs Hm-I-fn \npw Cp hogp
cp Xpn- Io hw aue-hn-bpsS XymK-N-cn-{X-ns hc-n
Rm hogvs.
hw aue-hn-bpsS \mn Ac-t-w Fv ]d-Xv AXn-itbm-n-b. Ncn{Xw ]e-tmgpw ]nd-tImpw Nhn-n-sm-n-cnpw.
Icp-\m-K--n-bn-tev {]kw-K-n\p Wn--s--tm Rm ]pfIw -sImp. h-ns \mn \mep-hmv Dds ]d-bm,- auehnsb A-c--fn-eq-sS Ip shfn--n-tev \S-p- I-b-dnb hn\oX-\mb F\nv Hc-h-kcw! B Znhkw h-Sp-m Zmlnp Rm
Imn-cpp. thc-p-t]mb Ckz-vemlo cwKw AhnsS hopw apf-ns-Sp-m {]b-Xv\n Nne Xnco-ev ]nn-emWv. Rm Ahsc
Xnc-o-e-\on apn-tev \npp. sImn-bnse Fs KpWImw-nbpw kplr-p-amb sI.Fw. _io tkv. Atlw Hcp Ih-S-m-c-\mWv. hntZi \nn-X--fmb Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv D]-I-c-W-fpsS hn-\-m-c. Xs sXmgn-em-h-iymw BgvN-bn Hcn-

496

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Atlw Icp-\m-K-n `mKv t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cpp. FhnsS sNmepw Xs BZis Dbn-m-m shp \mhpw a\-pamWv At-l
- n-tXv. AXv Chn-sSbpw {]hnp. ke^o- {]m\-ns Ctm-gs kwm\ Dt]-y--\mb tUm. akq AhnsS Hcp n\nv \S-p-pv. tUm. \ko lpssk At-lns klm-bn-bmWv. koXn-km-ln-_ns ktlm-Zco `mhv
aplvkn-_n Al-Zv (FIvkv. Fw.F.F.) Fs B kplrp-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns aI-\mWv \ko lpssk. Rm
kkvt\lw A\p-kva-cn-p Hcp BZi IpSpw_w. ke^o BZ-im-`n-ap-Jy-ap Ch-cp-ambn _io tkv \nc-cw _-s--tm
Ahpw Hcp hgn-sbm-cpn. Hcp kplr-ns ]Wn-Xo-cm
hoSns hnime apv Ah A]-tXmfw hcp Hcp kplrZv
kZv Hcpn. ke^o- {]m-\s Bi-b-]-c-ambn ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-em-bn-cpp Dtiyw. \nnX Znhkw sImn-bn \npw F.F.
lao-Zn-t\bpw kn.Fw. aue-hn-tbbpw Iqn _io e-sn.
kZ-ns B{K-l-{]-Imcw {]m-\s ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-m laoZmWv \ntbm-Kn-X-\m-bXv. Hc aWn-q \o {]`m-j-W-n-eqsS
Ckvemlo {]m-\-ns Ncn-{X-]-c-amb KXn-hn-K-Xn-I-sf-p-dnpw
{]m-\-ns {]t_m-[\ ey-s-p-dnpw laoZv \mbn
hni-Zo-I-cnp. tijw kn.Fw. auehn \smcp mv \Sn. kao-]p alv ]n-bn Hcp henb Zkv \S-p-pv. Ahn-Ss
hnZymn-Ifpw t{imXm--fmbn A]w hn-Iv \nn-cpp. CtXmsS apkven-bm-v BsI sNmdn-n-embn. A\p-Iq-e-amb k`w D]-tbm-Knv AhnsS Xs cm-as mpw Gm-Smn.
{]K- ]Wv U n- X \pw {]`m- j - I - \ p- a mb Fs bph kplrv
auehn A_vZp JmZn IpS-b-q Xk-abw Ahn-sS-sbn.
_io tkv sImn-bnepw sIm-p-ambn HmSn-tbmSn Xs ZuXyw
bYm-hn[n \n-ln-p-sIm-n-cpp. ka-bhpw ico-chpw [\hpw
BZi-n-\m-bn thp-thm-fw sNe-h-gn-m _io Fpw Dmln-bmWv. FtmSv Hcp {]tXyI kvt\l-amWv. AXv A\p-`-hn--dnn-p-apv. Amlp At-l-ns \nkzm tk-h-\-n-\v- a-lm-b- {]-Xn-^-ew- \-I-s.IpS-b
- q A_vZp JmZn aue-hn-bpsS {]uV-Kw-`o-chpw Bib
kw]p-jvShp-amb {]`m-jWw Hcn- tI-h At-ls ad-pIbn. F{X Xnc-n-\n-S-bnepw At-l-ns {]`m-jWw {ihn-

497

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hn`-h-k-ar--amb Hcp kZyv Hcp-n-bn-cn-p A\p-`q-Xn-bmWv Fn- Dm--m-dp-Xv. ]Tn-m ]e-Xp-ap-mIpw. ip-amb `mj,
BIj-Wo-b-amb ssien, {]uV-amb Ah-X-cWw.- F\nv AXv
tIv sImXn-Xo A\p-`-h-an. IpS-b-q-cns Dze {]`m-jWw
Icp-\m-K--n-bnse Zkn-emsI Hcp ]cn-{`m-n-bp-f-hmn. ]ns
apkven-bm-p-n-I tNmZy-S- e
- m-p-ambn hcn-Ib
- m-bn-cpp. IpS-b
- qcns Hmtcm adp-]-Snbpw apkven-bm--fpsS An-I \pdp-p
hn[-n-em-bn-cpp. tNmZy- sImv hop apn-m-sa Ah-cpsS Zptam-l-n\pw in-bmb {]l-c-tap. IpS-b-q ]dp-:sImp-hcq, F{X-bp-s-nepw hcs. apgp-h tNmZy-pw adp]Sn X tijta Rm ChnSw- hnSp-I-bpq. An-I \pdp-p-Ibpw \mUo-hyq-l- Xf-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-tm C\n s\Iw XI-cpsa `b-m tNmZyw \nep. CtXmsS thcp-W-n-n-S k-e-^o
{]m\w AhnsS Infnv s]mn. A[nIw sshImsX sI.-F.Fn\v AhnsS imJ-bp-mbn. AXns DZvLm-S\w hn- tbmKn shv \Sp. B \mp-Im-c\pw ]pfn- tImtfPv _ncp-Z-[m-cnbp-amb XIpp aZ\n kPo-h-ambn Fm-n-ep-ap-m-bn-cp-p.
Cu ]m--e-n-emWv F\nv e`n Ww. Rm Gsd ktm-jnp. ktm-jn--W-atm.- sslth-bpsS Hm-cv hnim-e-amb
aW ]pdv [mcmfw Bfp-I IqSn-bn-cn-pp. Ftm-sSmv
_m_p Xzmln _io tkp-am, laoZv, sI.sI. Da XpSn
sImn-bn \npw GXm\pw kplr-p-fpw hn-pv. sImnmv Ftm-sSmv C-s\-bp bm{Xv henb Dm-l-amWv.
Rm BZy-am-bn-mWv Hcp {]`m-j-W-n-\mbn Icp-\m-K--n-bn
sNp-Xv. A-sXm-p-a P\w IqSm ImcWw. Fs-p-dnv
apkven-bm- {]N-cn-n Ip-sh \pW-Ifpw `oI-c-hm-I-fpamWv Cu Bq--n\v Imc-W-am-bXv. AIhpw ]pdhpw `oI-c-kzcq-]-\mbn k]n Cu cq]-samv ImWm. "Ckvem-an-s-Xn-cn
Ae-dp'- B i_vZ-samv tIn-b-dn-bm A\n-jvS-tmsS hpIq-Sn-b-h-cm-W-[n-Ihpw. sXm-Sp Zkp ]n-bnse apkven-bm HmsI IqSn \n-p-pv. F{X henb P\-q--n-\n-S-bnepw Cu Iqs Xncn--dn-bm _pn-ap-n-tm.
kwLm-S-Iv Hcp Bi--bp-m-bn-cpp. apkven-bm- BfpIsf Cf-n-hnpw tNmZy- sImSp--bpw ]cn-]mSn Ae-tm-e-

498

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s-Sp-ptam F-Xm-bn-cpp B Akz-X. tNmZy- hm

kwLm-S-I t\cnp AXv hmn HSp-hn Fs G]n-m aXn
Fv Rm\-h-tcmSv ]d-n-cpp. AX-m \ne-bn h-Xp-ap-mbm Atm t\mmw F Xocp-am-\-n {]kwKw XpSn.
XuloZv Xs-bm-bn-cpp {]`m-jW hnjbw. Ign-bp-n-S-tmfw
efn-X-ambpw hni-Z-ambpw Rm XuloZv hnh-cn-p-sImv Hc
aWn-q kwkm-cnp. kZv \n-_vZ-ambn tIp-pv. AXn-\nS-bn Nne apkven-bm-p-n-I Xpp IS-em-p-I sImp-h-cpXpw In-n-m AXv hmn-sh-p-Xpw Ip. Akm-[m-c-W-amb
im \ni-_vZX.- {]kwKw Ah-km-\np. AXn\p tijw tNmZy-
F\nv Xp. AXn {][m-\hpw Kpcp-X-c-hp-amb Hcp tNmZy-ap-mbn-cpp. kpn-I-fpsS A\n-tj[y t\Xm-hm-bn-cp C.sI. lk-
apkven-bmcpw Rm\pw Xn-ep Hcp {]iv\w. lk- apkven-bm in-pw _nZv-Apw kap-Zm-b-a-y-n {]N-cn-n-p--Xnepw thcp-dn-p--Xnepw InWp {ian-p AXoh ka-\m-bn-cpp.
A\-h[n hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z- apPm-lnZv ]WvUn-X-m-cp-ambn Atlw
\S-n-bn-pv. t\ ]qc--fn \S-p-h-cp Icn-a-cpp {]tbmK- t]mepw Ckvem-anI ZrjvSym A\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw KpW-I-c-hp-amsWv hsc hmZn-n-cpp. At-ls \qdp iX-am-\hpw ]np-Wpw BZ-cnpw apkven-bm-q-hpw kpn kaq-lhpw IqsS \Sp.
HSp-hn Atlw tcmK-_m-[n-X-\mbn. Iymk tcmK-ns
ImTn-\y-m Ah-i-\mbn. AXyw Kpcp-X-cm-h--bn-em-sW-p
hnhcw Rm Adn-Xv t_mws_-bn shm-bn-cpp. kXy-amKn-tev At-ls Wn-m Hc-h-kcw IqSn _mn-bpv.
AXv Fs Hcp _m[y-X-bmbn a\-n \nd-p-hp. Rm lk
apkven-bmv Hcp Iv Xm-dmn. apl-Zv \_n {]t_m-[\w
sNbvX bYm Zo\o amK-n-tev kvt\l-]qw Wn-p-Xm-bn-cpp Iv. Fs Hcp kplrv hon-sNv t\cn AXv
G]n-m-sapw Ah-kcw Inn-bm Iv At-ls hmbnp
tIn-m-sapw Gp-sImv Iv hmn. Imcyw A{]-Imcw \Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fgpv hmbnp tIp-tm Hcp {]Xn-I-cWw
\Im Ign-bm--hw kwkm-c-tijn Cm-Xm-bn-cpp A-t-ln-\v-. AXn-\m Fs A`y\ At-l-ns a\-n Fp
Ne-\-ap-m-n-sbv sh-fn-hm-bn. \ Imev ImWn sImSpw
hmin-bn Xs a\-ns\ ZrV-s-Sp-ntbm? AYhm kXy-ns

499

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Inc-W-- B lrZ-b-n ]Xn-pthm? Atlw ]m--]npthm? Hpw Adn-bn. \-bpsS km[yX \ap-sm-cn-epw Xmh-X
- tm. lrZ-bc
- l
- k
- y- kqva-ambn Adn-bp--h\pw lrZ-bsf amn-a-dn-p--h-\pw k--\mb dv am{X-amWv.- "Akvenw
Xkvenw'- F {]tbm-K-amWv In Dm-bn-cp-Xv. \-_n- s
{]-tbm-K-am-W-Xv.- kpn-I HmsI Cf-In-h-imbn. AYhm apkvenbm- Ahsc Cf-n-sb--XmWv icn-bm-bXv. alm ZpjvS-\mb Da
auehn X-fpsS kw]q-Py-\mb t\Xm-hns\ ITn-\-amb am\-knI
]oU-\-ta]np F hm- Ah \mSmsI {]N-cn-np. km[m-cW-m-cn Hcp kl-Xm] Xcw-K-ap-mn apPm-ln-Zp-Is-Xn-cn
i-ambn t]mcmw \S-m Fs Iv Ah Bbp-[-amn. lk apkven-bm-cpsS ac-Wm-\-cw sImn-bn \S h kpn ktf-\-nse FIvkn-_n-j lmfn tcmKm-Xp-c-\mbn apkven-bm Ahi-X-bn InS-p Nn{Xhpw AXns Xmsg Fs Ins t^mtm-tIm-nbpw {]Zin-n--Xmbn Rm tIp. in-ns h {]Nm-cW thZn-bn \np Xulo-Zn-tev Wn-p Fs Iv Ah
ka-amb Hcp D]m-b-am-n-sb-Spp. F{X hnNn-{X-am-bn-mWv
Nne kwK-Xn-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-a-sav CXn \npw {Kln-m-atm.
Jp-B XP-a-sb- i-ambn FXnp-sImv lk- apkvenbm A-Sn-n-d
- nb Hcp ]pkvXI
- s
- -p-dnv t\cs Rm CXn
]d-n-pv. AXn \np Hcp hmNIhpw-w D-cn-n-pv. a{nm\pw DuXn-s-m\pw Fgp-Xn-p-Sn-m\pw an-ns Xe `mKn-cpv \on HmtXm-\p-ap a{-X-{- am{X-ambn Jp-Bs\
]qPn-p Hcp P\-Xsb apkven-bm- krjvSnp. Pohn-n-cn-p-hv CsXmcp Dt_m-[-\-am-Ipp Fv Jp-B-\n Xs ]dn-pv. ]s, an-n-\p Dt_m-[-\-amn Ch Jp-Bs\
amn. lk apkven-bm-cpsS apKm-an-I Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-s-Spp--Xn-s\-Xn-cn Bbp-[-sa-Sp--h-cmWv. Fs sNdp--Im-ev
apkvenw en-td- skmsskn {]kn-o-I-cn Jp-B ]cn-`m-jbvs-Xn-cn Ch \S-nb ka-c-s-p-dnv Rm hni-Zo-I-cn-npv. ]s, Ime-ns \nhn-Lv\-amb Hgp-n ]utcm-lnXyw
Imen-Sdn hoWp. Jp-B ]Tnv P\- inns aXn-ep-I
XIv aptmv Kan-p-Xv I-tm Ahv thh-em-Xn-bpmbn. B apt-s XS-bm Ah DZy-anp. Jp-B sImp
Xs inns\ m]n--emWv \ t]mwh-gn-sbv ]nimNv Ah-

500

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v a{-tam-Xn-cn-bn-cnmw. As\ Ahcpw Jp-B XP-abvv

Xm-sd-Spp. ka-kvX-bpsS Iq t\Xm--fn-sem-cm-fmb Iq-\mSv
sI.hn. apl-Zv apkven-bm Hcp ]cn-`mj cNnp. alm-m-cpsS Nnsf BZ-cn-t--Xm-sWpw AXp-sImp Xs Cukm \_n-bpambn _-s-Spn ]d-bp Ipcn-ins\ _lp-am-\n-p--Xnepw
]qPn-p--Xnepw A]m-I-X-bn-spw [z\n-n-p coXn-bn B
]cn-`m-j-bpsS hymJym-\-n Iq-\mSv apkven-bm Fgp-Xn-n-Sn-np.
CXn-s\-Xn-cn Iq-\mSpw Ipcnipw F Xe-hm-N-I-n 1973
kk-_o amkn-I-bn Rm Fgp-Xn-bn-pv. ]noSv kk_o hmjn-I-tbm-K-n-tev At-ls Cu hnjbw {]kw-Knm Wnp. bm{X-n-e-hn\v ]v cq] (Av AXv aXn) Fw.H.
Abp. ]Ww Atlw ssIn. ]s, hn. ]noSv HXv cq]
Atlw aSn Abp. B hI-bn Hcp cq] F\nv _mn Xcm\pv.- Al-X-bn-msX Fs ]Ww FSp-Xv Rm s]mcp--s-SpI-bn. ]noSv Sn.sI. A_vZp apkven-bm Pem-sse\n X^vko-dn\v
ae-bmf ]cn-`m-j-bn-dn. AXp-ambn _-s Nne Imcy- Rm
ap]v hni-Z-am-n-btm.
kakvX Cs\ apkven-bm-v Jp-B XP-av A\phmZw \In-b-Xp-t]mepw Hpw cpNn-m bmYm-n-Xn-I-Xz-ns
{]Xn-cq-]-am-bn-cpp lk apkven-bm. AXmWv ap]v Nqn-mWn ]pkvXIw. lk apkven-bm-cpsS Adn-b-s HSp-hn-es
cN-\-bm-WnXv. I- Ah-km-\-t-XmWv ]cn-K-Wn--s-SpI
Fm-Wtm {]hm-NI ]mTw. Fnepw At-l-n\p e`n HSp-hnes Dt_m-[\w Fs Iv Bbn-cpp. AXns {]Xn-I-cWw
Adn-bm Ign--Xp-an.
Icp- \ m- K - - n- b nse {]kw- K - a mWv \psS hnjbw. lk-
apkven-bmv Iv sImSp--Xn "Akvenw Xkvenw'- Fs-gp-Xnb
hmn Aajw ITn-\-ambn {]I-Sn-n-p--XmWv tNmZyw. hntZz-jhpw i{Xp-Xbpw shdppw ]X-p-s]m-p Cu tNmZyw Ah-KWnp Xn-bmepw Ipg--amWv. a\-n-ep bYmw Xpdp ]dmepw {]iv\w Xs. Hcp \nanjw Btem-Nnp. Hgn-p-amdn
Ipgw Wnp hcp-p--Xn-t\-m t`Zw Imcyw Xpdp ]d-Xp-sImv kw`-hn-p--sXtm AXv kln--emWv. Am-lp-hn\v
CjvS-am-b-Xns\ Rm apnp. A-c-^-e-s-p-dnv dn Xhp sNbvXp.

501

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Rm Cs\ adp-]Sn ]dp:- ""lk apkven-bm-cpsS aX-{]-Nm-cWhpw hnizmk hyXn-N-e-\hpw A\m-Nm-c-I-t{]-c-Wbpw icnpw
{in--Xn \npw F\nv t_m[y-am-bXv Atlw Im^n-dmWv
Fm-bn-cpp. At-l-am-Is,- Fs apkven-ambn AwKo-I-cn-pIbpw sNbvXn-cp-n. Ctm Rn-S-bnse Kpcp-X-c-amb Acw \nv a\-n-em-Ip-p-tm. Cu sshcp-y-ho-Ww R-
cp-t]cpw \nc-h[n thZn-I-fnepw cN-\-I-fnepw BIm-hp-n-S-tmfw {]Xn-^-en-n-pv. ]e XhW At-ls Rm Ckvem-antev ]c-ky-ambn Xs Wn-n-pv. Atlw AXn-\n-in-X-ambn
Fsbpw Fs {]m-\-tbpw hnain-n-pv. Cu kml-N-cyn-emWv ITn-\-amb tcmKm-h--sb-p-dnv Rm Adn-bp-Xv.
Rm kpDuZn Atd-_y-bn-tev t]mIm hnam\w Imp-\np
k`w.- Ah-km-\-ambn Hcn-IqSn At-ls kXy-Zo-\n-tev
Wn--W-sav Fs a\v Fs \n_-np. Rm DSs\
Is-gpXn At-l-n\v Fn-m GmSv sNbvXp. AXmWv
Dm-bXv. "Akvenw Xkvenw'- F hmv Fs kzw hI-b.
\_n ]e-tcbpw Ckvem-an-tev Wn--tm D]-tbm-Kn {]tbmK-amWv. CXn Bcpw thh-em-Xn-s-Sp-Itbm Aajw sImp-Itbm
sNt--Xn. R Am-lp-hns apn Xo-bmbpw lmP-cm-s-SpI Xs sNpw. Amlp kqva-ambpw IWn-i-ambpw
\oXn \S-p--h-\mWv. dns kn-[n-bn shv Rm\pw apkvenbmcpw Xn-ep IW-p-I Xop--XmWv. \npw AXhnsS shp ImWmw.''- Bfp-I \ni-_vZ-cmbn tIp. Akp-J-I-c-ambn
Hp-ap-m-bn. "ae Fen-sb-tmepw {]k-hn-n' F-XmWv icn.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

62
Zpc-`n-am\w ss]im-NnIw
sXp-I t_m[y-ambn. amK-{`wiw a\-n-embn. ]m--]np.
sXp-Xn-cpn. \-bn-tev hp. Ghpw al-mb kz`m-h-am-WnXv. \psS \mn ]Xn-\m-bn-c- Cs\ bYm amK-ntev hn-pv. innepw _nZv-A-p-I-fnepw B]-Xn-p-t]m-bh, \nco-izc \nX hmZn-I-fmbn Ign-n-cp--h, Hp-an-msX

502

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Zo\n-t\mSv \nw-KX ]pen Pohn-n-cp--h, BZi hyXn-bm-\fn- Imen-Sdn hoW-h,- Cs\ hnhn-[- \n-e-I-fn Ign-n-cp
At\-I-a-t\-I-am-fp-I X-fpsS sXv t_m[y-amb \ne-bn \bpsS ]mX kzoI-cn A\p-`-h- Fn-bm Xocm--Xpv.
]s Rm ]d-bp hnjbw asm-mWv. Ckz-vemln cwKv
{]hn-p-sIm-n-cn-p {it-b-cmb hyn-I, A\p-I-c-Wo-bcmbn `hn-t ]WvUn-X-m, t\XrXzw Im-fp--h, C-s\-bp-hpw sXp-I kw`-hnmw. NneXv \nm-c-ambn tXmm-hpXv. NneXv Kpcp-X-c-ambn `hn-p-Xv. cm-bmepw Bsc-nepw
AXv sXcy-s-Sp-n-bm Abmv \n ]d-bp-Ibpw B sXn
\nv aS-p-Ibpw sN-W-a-tm. C_veo-kns\ Amlp i]n--I-nbXv A\p-k-c-W-tSv ImWn--Xp-sIm-v- am-{X-a-. AXv Xncp-m
Xm-dm-ImsX \ymbw ]dp. Al-mcw \Snp. As\ Ah
]pd-mbn. CXmWv ss]im-NnI coXn.
thZ-\n-p Ipsd A\p-`-h- F\n-pv. a[p-cn-p Nne
Hm-Ifpw.- \psS Nne ]mfn--I F\nv t_m[y-s-n-pv.
Rm tIp-sIm-n-cn-p ]e k`--fnepw Ah-tcmSv kzIm-cyambn AXv Adn-bnpw. A[n-I-t]cpw AXv t_m[y-s \ne-bn
FtmSv \n {]I-Sn-n-p-Ibpw taen kqnmw Fv Gp ]dbp-Ibpw sNbvXn-pv. A-c-m-tcmSv Rm IqSp-X kvt\l-_lp-am-\- shp ]pepp. Nne tIpI am{Xw. Hcp {]XnI-c-W-hp-an. Hcp Xcw \nw-KX. Hcp hm Nncn. Ah-cn Nne
]noSv Xncp-n-b-Xmbn Adn-n-pv. AXpw Bm-Z-I-c-amWv.
Npcpw Nne sXns\ \ymbo-I-cn-n-pv. Fs Hcp hnh-chp-an-m-h-s\ \ne-bn ]p-tmsS hon-n-pv. Cu hn`m-K-nsem-sbpw henb ]WvUn-X-mcpw t\Xm-fpw Dm-bn-cpp.
Rm AsXmpw Imcy-am-p-n. ]s, cN-\-I-fn sXp Im Ghpw ASp BZi-_-p-hm-bm t]mepw cN-\-bn-eqsS
Xs Rm FXnn-pv. AXv As\ Xs-bmWv thXv.
ImcWw P\w hmbn-p--Xm-Wtm AXv. Rm Ghpw A[nIw
kvt\ln-p apPm-lnZv bph-P-\-hn-`mKw, AXns apJ-]-{X-amb
i_m_v , Rm F{X hm- e y- t m- s S- b mWv AXns Hmtcm
ehpw {in-n-cp-Xv. AXn Hcp apJ-{]-kwKw hp. [nj-Wmimen Fv Rm IcpXn _lp-am-\n-n-cp Hcp Xqen-I-bmWv AXn-

503

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s DS-a-sbv F\nv Adn-bm {]bm-k-ap-m-bn. {]m\

t\XrXzw Aw-hnp. Fp-th-W-sav Btem-Nnp inp \np.
"{]t_m-[\ hnP-b-n\v s]mXpXm]-cy-ta-Je Is-pI'- F
Xe-hm-N-I-n-emWv apJ-{]-kwKw. {]hm-N-I-N-cypw ke^o- BZi-]m-c--cy-n\pw hncp--amb Cu A\n-kvem-anI Bi-bs ITn\-ambn Rm hnainp. ]s, Ah AXv Xncp-m Iqm-p-Xmbn A\p-`-h-s-n.
s]mXpXm]-cy-ta-Je Fp shm Fm-hpw KpWw e`nt-m-hp-Xpw CjvS-s-Sp--Xp-amb kmaq-lnI {]h-\-,
Poh-Im-cpWy tkh-\- Fn-hbvv apXqw sImSp-p-sImp aptw. Ckvem-ans k-{]-[m-\-amb XuloZv NmSn--Sv
]d-bm-Xn-cn-pI. AXv kaq-l-n henb Ipg-hpw `n-X-bp-ap-mp-Ibpw kaqlw \s shdp-p-Ibpw \n \nv AI-ep-Ibpw
sNpw. AXn-\m kmaq-lnI tkh-\-n-eqsS cwK-n-dn kaq-lns CjvSw km-Zn tijw ]Xps ]Xps Ahv XuloZv
]d-p-sIm-Spmw. Fp-sh-m tkh\ \-I AS-p Hcp
kaq-l-i-co-c-n-eqsS am{Xta XuloZv ]q-amIq. Xulo-Zns\ GIssZ-hm-cm-[\ F IpSp-mb then-s-n-\-Iv Xf-n-S-cpXv. AXns\ Xpdp hnSWw. AXv HmS-I hrn-bm-p-n-Spw acw \Sp-nSpw acpp sImSp-p-t-S-p-samw hnl-cn-s. F,- CsXms-bm-bmte bYmY- Xulo-ZmIq. As\ s]mXpXm]-cy-ta-Je-bn-eqsS {]t_m-[-\-cw-Kv hnPbw t\Smw. tX\q-dp XuloZv!
Cu Bibw Is-nb [nj-Wm-im-en-I-tfmSpw AtX-p-]m-Sp
Ipn-I-tfmSpw F\nv NneXv ]d-bm-\pv. bmsXmcp hnh-chpw t_m[hp-an-msX Cl ]c \jvS--fn apn-mgvp InS Cu kap-Zmbs DWn, t_m[\w \In, {ItaW hfn kaq-l-ns
\mt\m-p-J-amb taJ-e-I-fn A`n-hr-n-bp-m-m bXv\n-Xv
hw aue-hnbpw sI.Fw. aue-hnbpw koXn kmln_pw apl-Zv
A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_pw AS-p-ap Ckvemlo ]WvUnX t\Xm-fm-bn-cpp. Ah, \n-fn-tm ]pn-p-]-d-bp then-sn-\Ip Xulo-Zns\ hnfw-_cw sNbvXp-sIm-mWv ]cn-h\ {iav Hcp-n-bXv. Fw.sI. lmPn-sb-t]mse Hcp kmaq-lnI PohIm-cp-Wy- {]h-Is\ tIcfw Ign--Im-ev In-ptm?
ASp \qm-n ImWp-sav tXmp-ptm? aueo-Zn-sbpw

504

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

dmo-_ns hml-I-\m-bn-cp Atlw sI.Fw. aue-hn-bn \npw

XuloZv ]Tnv apPm-ln-Zmbn. ac-Ww-hsc AXn\p thn bXv\np.
AtXm-sSmw \mSp I Ghpw henb kmaq-lnI tkh-I-\p-ambn.
A_vZp-emw aue-hn-tbbpw auem\m A_p--_m-ln-t\bpw t]msebp hnZym-`ymk \thm-m\ \mb-Isc tIcfw C\n- ImWptam?
Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-ns al-\ob D---fm-Wn-h. kap-Zmb-ns \mt\m-p-J-amb Dbbvpw hfpw thn PohnXw
An koXn kmln_v F Ncn-{X-]p-cp-j Ckzvemlo {]m\-ns ap[pc at\m-l-c-amb ImbvI-\n-I-fn apnb C\-amWv.
XuloZv {]m-\-ns DuSpw ]mhp-ambn \np-tm Xs
At-l-n\v apkvenweo-Kns k-k--X-\mb kmc-Yn-bmbn Pohnp-hm Ignp. Fw.sI. lmPn-bp-sSbpw Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h- CXn\v
sXfn-hmWv.
Fn-n-tm Nne Hcp ]pXnb Bibw Is-n-bn-cn-pp.
XuloZv teiw ]nd-tImv t]mIs. kmaq-lnI tkh\w aptmv Ibds. CXm-Wn-tm Ip-]n-Sn s]mXpXmev]-cy-ta-Je. a\p-jysc
imiz-X-amb \c-I-in--bn \npw tamNn-nv Cl-]c hnP-b-n\v
Al-cm-m {]b-Xv\n-p-I-sb--XmWv bYm-n s]mXp
Xm]cyw Fp ]d-bp-Xv. AXn Ghpw {][m\w {kjvSm-hns\
am{Xw Bcm-[n-pI. Ah-t\mSp am{Xw {]mn-pI F Id-If, kv^pSw sNbvX Xulo-ZmWv. B XW hr-n\v Iogn
\np-sIm-p {]h-\--fmWv s]mXp-Xm]cy {]h-\. AXn-\-mWv apIme t\Xm- amXrI ImWn-Xv. AXv
sImv Ipn-Itf, kplr-p-tf, \n sXp Xncp-Ww. sXnt \ymbw ]d-b-cpXv. AhnsS C_veo-kns hnf-bm--ap-mIpw.
kqn-Ww. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
ChnsS Rm Hcp a\p-jys\ amXr-I-bmbn Ah-X-cn-n-pp.
apPm-lnZv bph-P\ {]m-\-ns m]I Ay--\m-bn-cp
alpw sI.Fkv.sI. X.- Zpc-`n-am\w t]mIs, A`n-am-\-`mhw
t]mepw {]I-Sn-n-msX Pohn Ffn-a-bpsS ImX-em-bn-cpp A-tlw-. Hmtcm {]mhiyw At-l-tmSp kwkm-cn-p-tmgpw F\nv
X-sf-tm-se-bm-Im Ign-bm--Xn tJZw tXmpw. Ip-t_m[w
Fn hnf-bmSpw. Fsmcp hn\bw! Fsmcp kz`mh ssh-injvSyw! Hcp sImp ]mfn t]mepw Nqn--d-m ktm-j-tm-

505

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sS AXpsm-p- sI.Fkv.sI. Hcp Ipfn-tc-Ip Hm-bmWv.

Hp cp A\p-`-h- Rm ]dbmw. Rm sImn-bn hcp-tm Atlw apPm-ln-Zo-- Hmdn-b sslkvIq-fn Aym-]-I-\m-bncpp. akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo-\n Bh-iy-s-Sp-tm-sgmw Atlw
JpXz-v_ \Spw. s]mXp-cw-Kv Bcv Wn-mepw t]mbn {]kwKnpw. C{X-b-[nIw Jp-B hN-\
- D-cnv {]kw-Kn-p Hcp
bphm-hns\ F\nv thsd ]cn-N-b-an. ]s, {]kw-K-n\v thKX
IqSp-X-emWv. ]ecpw FtmSv ]cmXn ]dp. t{imXm--fpsS A`n{]mbw {][m-\-s--Xp-X-s-bmWv. Rm kuay-ambn Imcyw sI.Fkv.sItbmSv kqNn-np. Hcp Btem-N-\-t]m-ep-an-msX Atlw
AXv k-Xn-p-Ibpw Rm \nb-{n-m-sav ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Atlw Xs ssien-bn t_m[-]qw amw hcpn. {]kwKw
IqSp-X `wKn-bmbn. asm-cn- PapA JpXz-v_-bn Hcp hnjbw
Atlw ]dp. ]c-tem-Iv hnNm-c-W-Iq-SmsX Fgp-]-Xn-\m-bncw
t] kzK-n ISpw. Ah-cpsS {]tXy-IX Ah a{n-p-Ibn, Fmw dn Xh-p sNp--h-cmWv. Cu lZokv HmXn
Xh-p-ens amlmXvayw hnh-cnp. \a-kvIm-cm-\-cw laoZv XtfmSv ]d-p,- Cu lZo-kn a{n-m Bh-iy-s-Sp-I-bn F
Izmfn-n-bm-Wtm ]dp tIn-p-Xv. a{n-p-Xv A\p-h-Z-\o-bat?- AXns t]cn Hcm-fpsS \ne-hm-c-n\v CSnhv kw`-hn-ptam? sI.Fkv.sI. DSs\ ]d-p:- Fs Hm-bn \npw ]d-XmWv. Rm ]cn-tim-[nmw. ASp Ppap-Av X hp.
cmw JpXv_-bn Cu hnjbw hopw ]dp. Ign JpXv_bn F\nv Hcp sXv]n. ChnsS a{n-m Bh-iy-s-Sp-I-bn
F hmm-Wp-Xv. Hcp a\p-jys Xh-p-ens ZrV-X-bmWv CXv
aqew sXfn-bp-Xv. IqSp-X AXv hni-Zo-I-cnp. As\ Hcp ]niIv h-Xn an-dn \np-sImv ]c-ky-ambn amp-]-dp. Cu
hnjbw laoZv FtmSv ]d-bp-tm Ip-\n-d-bp-Xv Rm Ip.
ktm-j-ns \\hv. X-fpsS lrZ-b-hn-im-eX, hn\bw, \njvI-fX, BZi-Zr-VX, {]m-\-tm-Sp kvt\lw, Bfp-I-fp-am-bp
CS-]-g-I Hcp bYm hnizm-knv th-Xmb KpW--fpsS ka\z-b-am-bn-cpp Fs {]nb--c-\mb sI.Fkv.sI. Atlw Bfp-I-fpambn kwkm-cn-p-Xpw s]cp-am-dp-Xpw Ipfn-tbmsS Rm
t\mn-bn-cp-n-pv. am[p-cy-t-m Rm {in-n-p-Xv AXn-

506

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sem-gp-In-h-cp hnm-\-amWv.
sI.F.Fw. kwm\ kt-f\w Ipn-p-dv \S-m Xocpam-\n--tXmsS Xs A\m-tcmKyw hI-sh-msX cm]--I t`Z-at\y
Atlw HmSn-\-Sp. P\-sf D_p--cmn. AWn-Isf kPo-hamn. X IqsS-bp-s-n {]h-Iv Fs-n-m
Bm-Zm-th-i-amWv. Atlw Ah-cn Hcm-fmbn ebn-p-I-bm-bn-cnpw. kt-f\ {]Nm-cW
-
- ns Pnm-Xe kam-]\w Bep-hm-bn-emWv
\S-Xv. tPnshv At-l-n\v s\p-th-Z\ Dmbn. inbmb Am-m-bn-cpp. cp-aqp Znhkw Bip-]-{Xn-bn In-Sp.
tIc-f
- nse apPm-lnZv bph-P\ hn`m-Kt- bpw At-ls ]cn-N-bap apgp-h P\--tfbpw {]tXy-Inv sImn \nhm-kn-I-tfbpw
AKm-[-amb ZpxJ-n-em-gvn-smv Fs hm-ey-\n-[n-bmb sI.Fkv.sI. Cu temI-tmSv hnS-]-dp. kt-f\ \K-cn-bn hp
tN e- At-l-n-\p-thn lrZ-b-]qw {]m-np.
Xulo-Zns hm- Hp-tN temI-nse AXy-]q-amb
B almkZ-ns {]m\ Xo-bmbpw {]nb-s sI.Fkv.-sI.v _k-Jn-bmb temIv Hcp apXq-m-bn-cnpw. ""R-fpsS
\mYm! R-fpsS CW-I-fn \npw km-\--fn \npw Rv IIp-fn-bp-m-n-t- c-Wta'' Fv hnizm-kn-I kZm {]mn-p-p-tm. B {]m\ Zpbm-hn Xs k^-e-am-bn-nnb Hcp IpSpw-_-\m-Y-\mWv sI.Fkv.sI. X. \ `mcy, \ a, \ kplr-p- CsXmw A]q `mKy-amWv. sI.Fkv.-sI.
`mKy-hm-\m-bn-cpp. Zpbm-hn e`n--Xn-t\-m D-a-amb `m-Kyw
sImv ]c-tem-Iv Atlw A\p-{K-lo-X-\m-bn-o-cp-am-dmIs.
sI.Fkv.sI.bpsS aI apl-Zv imndn-s\-, Hcp t]c-p-n-bpsS
hm-ey-tm-sS-bmWv Rm Ftmgpw t\mn-m-Wp-Xv. apPmlnZv pUkv aqhvsans kwm\ t\Xm-hmbn imn sXcs-Sp--s hm F{X B\--tm-sS-bmWv Rm tIXv. \
]nXm-hns \ ]p{X. F\nv e`n-m `mKyw sI.Fkv.sI.v
e`np. Rm a\v \ndsb {]mn-pp. Fs imn C\nbpw
IqSp-X Db-c
- f
- n-tev \S-p-Ib
- d
- s,- \ D-bpsS \ Ipn-bmbn.(Cu {]m\ A\z-ambn. imn Xs ]nXmhv XpS-n-sh
sF.Fkv.Fns kwm\ Ay--\mbn Ctm \nb-an--sn-cn-pp FUn-)

507

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

imn Hcp Znhkw Xncqm-tv F\nv t^m sNbvXp.

Fw.Fkv.Fns GXm\pw {]h-I eIvt\m-hn-epv. temI
{]ikvX ]WvUn-X-\mb alqw A_plk Aen \Zvhnsb
ImWm Zmdp Deq-an t]mbn-cpp. ]s, At-ls ImWm
A\p-hmZw e`n-n-n. Av Nne \nb-{-W- Gs-Sp-n-bn-cpp. B IqSn-mgvN AXym-h-iy-amWv. AXp-sImv eIvt\m-hn-tev
t^m sNbvXv \Zvhn kmln-_n-t\mSv Rm kwkm-cn-Ww,- B
Ipn-Ip {]th-i\w e`n-m.- imn FtmSv Bh-iy-sp.
F\nv \Zvhn kmln-_p-ambn t\cnv ]cn-N-b-apv. ]t, hj-fmbn _-s-n-n. AXp-sImv Atlw Fs ad-p-t]m-Im
km[y-X-bpv. Fmepw imn-dns Bhiyw Rm Fs\ Xpw. sI.Fkv.sI.bpsS hn\-b-kz-cq-]-amb apJ-amWv Fs a\-n
sXfn-bp-Xv. Rm hnfnp. ]s, Inp-n. Ac aWn-q-dn\p tijw hopw imn hnfnp. hopw Rm eJvt\m-hn-tev Idn.
IW-Ivj Inn-sb-nepw t^m FSp--bmv Ad_n Adn-bn.
F\nv Ddp-Zphpw \n-b-an. AXm imn hopw hnfn-pp.
Cs\ Ftm ]tm XhW Rm hnfnp. CXn-\n-Sbvv Fs
ASp-n-cn-p lao-Zn-t\mSv Rm ]dp; imn Fs hnSp
`mh-an-tm laotZ!- ""\psS sI.Fkv.sIbpsS aI-\t aueho''
laoZv Fs t{]mm-ln-n-p-I-bmWv. HSp-hn t^m IW-Ivj
aqtm \mtem ssII amdn-amdn \Zvhn kmln-_ns ssIbn-sen.
Rm kzbw ]cn-N-b-s-Spn. ApXw! Atlw Fs ad-n-n.
F\nv thn Atlw {]mnp. apsm-cn- Atlw Fs
ssI]n-Snv F\nv thn {]mn-n-pv. auZq-Zn-k-ns Bibm-]-I-S- Xpdp ]d-bp--Xn Fs A`n-\-np. Atlw FtmSv ]dp: ""auZqZn kmln_v Fs ASp kplr-mWv.
AsXs Hcp Zu-ey-am-bn-cn-pp. \o Cu kXy{]t_m-[-\-n aptmv t]mIWw. Fs [mnI ]np-W-bpv.'' ]noSv \Zvhn
kmln_v auZq-Zn-k-n-s\-Xn-cn Xpdp FgpXn.
R t^mWn-eqsS Ipiew ]dp. ]c-kv]cw {]mnp.
tijw hnfn Bhiyw ]dp. Atlw Ah-cpsS t]cv tNmZnp.
Ipdn-s-Spp. imn-dns\ Rm hnfnp. Ipn-I-tfmSv B^o-kp-ambn
_-s-Sp--Xn\v hnfnp ]d-bp-hm\pw \nt-inp. As\ B
Imcyw \Sp. imn-dn-t\m-Sp hm-ey-m-emWv Xnc-n-\n-S-bnepw

508

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Rm CXn-\p-thn aWn-q-dp-I sNe-hn-Xv. tamt\ imntd, DbpsS ]mX XpSv aptmv t]mIq. Amlp \ns A\p-{K-lns.
sXp Xncp-m-\p lrZ-b-hn-im-e-X-sb-p-dn-m-Wv Rm XpS-nbXv. Nne sshIm-cnI kvac-W-I a\-ns\ aYnp. hopw Rm
aS-n-h-cn-I-bmWv. sXv a\-n-emn icn-bn-tev aS-p-I-sb-Xv
Hcp {]tXyI `mKy-amWv. Amlp AXn-\p lrZ-b-hn-im-eX F\nv ]e-tmgpw \In-bn-pv. dns\ F{X kpXp-Xn-mepw aXn-bmhp-I-bn. kk-_o XpSn 71 ss{Xam-knI aqmw e-n
Rm cmw Ien-a-bpsS hni-Zo-I-cWw FgpXn. AXn Hcp hnjbw
Dm-bn-cpp. sXp sNm a\p-jy-cn. AXp-sImv \mw Ftmgpw s]mdp--ens\ tXSn-sm-n-cn-Ww. ]m]-ap--cmb {]hm-N-Im t]mepw A-s\-bm-bn-bn-cpp. X-fn \npw h sXpw
hp-t]mtbm F Bi-bpw Ip-t_m-[hpw Ahsc kZm Ae-nsm-n-cn-pp. {]hm-N-I-t{i-jvT-\mb apl-Zv \_n t]mepw
Hcp Znhkw \qdp {]mh-iy-sa-nepw AkvX-Kv^n-dp-mlv, Fv tXSpam-bn-cpp. B Ip-t_m[w al-mb Hcp C_m-Z-m-Ipp.
Ipsd-Zn-hkw Ignp. tUm. Dkvam kmln-_ns Hcp Iv.
\n-fpsS hni-Zo-I-cWw Ig-p--XmWv. ]s, hmb-\-mn-Sbn Hcp sXn-m-cW ]c-m Nne-tm AXv Imc-W-am-Iptam
F Hcp i. \_nv Znh-khpw sXp-I hp-sIm-n-cpp
Fv Bsc-nepw [cn-p-Itbm apkven-bm- As\ {]N-cn-np-Itbm sNbvXp-Iq-Sm-bvI-bn. AsXmv nb sNbvXm \mbn-cpp. Rm ]-e-h-w- hm-bn-n-pw- A-Xn- sX-m-bn- H-pw- I-n-.]-s,- tUm-Iv-S- H-cp- Im-cyw- shdpsX ]d-bp-I-bn. A]mc _pnbpw
ZoL-ho--W-hp-ap tUmIvSsd- A\p-k-cnt ]q. ASp--e-n Ih t]Pv cn t_mIvkn-embn Rm Hcp {]kvXm-h\
sImSpp. \_n ]nI-gn-Xpw apI-S--Xp-amb Fm sXp-Ip-fpw s]mdp--s ]qW--\mb ]m]-ap--\mWv. {]hm-N-I
temI- P - \ - X v amXr- I m- ] p- c p- j - \ m- b - X n- \ m Amlp \_nsb
{]tXyIw Imp-kq-n-n-cn-pp. \_n \qdp {]mhiyw Hcp Znhkw ]m]-tam-N-\-n\v An-n-cp-p-sh-Xv icn-bmWv. ]s,
AXv ]m]w sNbvXXv sIm. A\p-I-c-Wo-b-amb amXr-Ibpw
kzbw Ip-t_m-[-n\v hg-p al-mb kz`mh sshin-jvSy-hp-

509

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

amWv. ]s, Fs ap e-nse hmp-I-fn Bs-nepw

sXn-m-c-W-bp-m-bn-p-s-n Rm \nhymPw tJZn-pp.
amp tNmZn-pp. As\ Rm B {]iv\-n \nv Hgn-hmbn.
dn-t\mSv amn-c-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ChnsS Dkvam tUmIvS-dpsS _pnbpw ZoL-ho--Whpw Fs B-cy-s-Sp-n-bn-cn-pp. ]caZpjvS-m-cmb ]ptcm-ln-X-m
Ign Im \qm-n-te-td-bmbn Bbn-c--W-n\v tPp-I-fn
Cu hnjbw Dbn-n-Snv Fs ITn-\-ambn No ]d-bp-Ibpw
P\-sf sXn--cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-h-cn-I-bmWv. \_n ]m]w
sNp--h-\m-bn-cpp Fv Da auehn kk-_o-en Fgp-Xn-bn-cnpp. CXm-W-h-cpsS P]\w. ss{Xam-kn-I-bpsS ew am{Xw
hnfnp ]dbpw. amknI Dbn-mpw. Fs hmN-I- hmbn-pI-bn. ]noSv Rm hni-Z-am-n-bXpw ad-p-shpw. \psS ]WvUnX {]`m-j-Iv CXv hm Xe-th-Z-\-bp-m-n-bn-pv.
Rm Xs At\Iw tPp-I-fn CXv hni-Zo-I-cn-n-pv. ]e-tmgmbn Fgp-Xn-bn-pv. AsXmpw Ifhv ]d-bm \nv sNbvXn-cnp--hv {]iv\-a. Ah CXv ]e-tmgpw Bhn-p-sIm-ncn-pp. C\n Am-lp-hns \oXn\njvT-amb tImS-Xn-bn AhcpsS hmb-Iv ko shp-sImv Ah-cpsS ssII kwkm-cnp B `b-c \mfnte F\nv \oXn e`n-p-I-bpq Fv Rm
a\-n-emn. AXn-mbn Rm kZm {]mn-pp. Fs {]mW
kplr-ns Xmo-Xns\ Rm Av Ah-K-Wn-n-cp-p-sh-n
Fs a\-ns\ Ip-t_m[w kZm ]np-S-cp-am-bn-cpp. Dkvam
tUmIvSv Amlp al-mb A\p-{Klw \Is.
Nne Fs ]cn-l-kn-p--Xmbn Rm Adn-n-pv. sXv
Xncp-p--Xn Zpc-`n-am\w shp ]pep Nne ]WvUn-X-m-cpapv- B Iq-n.- Da auehn Hmtcm th-Xo-\- Fgp--npw. ]noSv amv ]dbpw. CXmWv ]cn-lmkw. F\n--Xn hnjaw
tXmn-bn-n. Amlp \Inb A\p-{Klw Xs. Hcn- Hcp
kw`-h-ap-mbn. Fs Bdm-as aI ap_m-dv ]pfn- Ad_n-tm-tf-Pn cmw hj hnZymn-bm-bn-cpp. Am-ev
kk-_o-en-tev Hcp tNmZyw hp. Nphv hkv{Xw [cn-m A\phm-Za
- ptm? ]mSn-sv Fhn-sStbm hmbn Hm-bn Rm Dc-sa-gpXn. ]cn-tim-[n-m an\-s-SmsX kw`-hn Hc-_--am-bn-cpp

510

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AXv. amknI ]pd-n-d-nb ASp Znhkw ap_m-d-ns Hcp Iv

X]m-en hp. D sImSp Dcw sXmWv. \_n Nphv hkv{Xw [cnp h-Xmbpw A-tm- \_n IqSp-X Ag-Ip-h
- \
- mbn A\p`-hs
- -X
- mbn kzlm-_n-I {]Xn-I-cn--Xmbpw lZo-Yn-epv. lZoYv
I-n Nqn-m-Wn-n-pv. Rm tJZnp. ktm-jn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. sXv h-Xn-emWv tJZw. Fs aI Xs Fs Xncpn-b-Xn-em-bn-cpp ktmjw. Rm sXv Xncpn. hmb-\-m-tcmSv
amv ]dp. ]e-tmgpw C-s\-bp k`- Dm-bn-pv.
Fs-tm-ep--h-cpsS {]kw-Khpw mk-pw tIv Zo ]Tn km[m-cW-m t]mepw Nne Imcy--fn Fs Xncp-n-bn-pv. Rm
kvt\l-tmsS Ahv \n ]dbpw. `uXn-I-amb Imcy--fn-emWv
F\nv IqSp-Xepw A_-- ]nW-bm-dp-Xv. AXn Rm Hcp
h--q-Py-am-sWv F\nv Xs tXmn-bn-pv. Hcn- _kv
tmn \np-I-bmWv. laoZv IqsS-bpv. FXnh-iv a
hen--n Hcp t]m. "GI-e-hy'.- F\n-smpw a\-n-em-bn.
Rm lao-Zn-t\mSv tNmZnp. Atm AXns Ncn{X ]m-ew
alm-`m-cXw F IY-bn \npw F\nv ]d-p-Xp. Xmgv
PmXn-m-c-\mb km[p injys Akv{X-hn-Zysb IqtmsS ]ngp-sXSp ZpjvS-\mb Kpcp-hns IY. Abm khW-\m-bn-cp-p-hs{X!
Xs khW--\mb injy APp-\s ta[m-hnXzw Akv{X-hn-Zybn Cu Iogv PmXn-m-c-\mb km[p injy ImcWw \jvS-s-Spsav t_m[y-am-b-tm Ahs ssIhn-c Kpcp-Z-n-W-bmbn
Abm apdnp hmn-bs{X! Fsmcp {IqcX!- Fsmcp ZpjvSX!
Cu IY tI-tm F\nv Dmb Hc-\p-`hw Hmp. kpDu-Zn-bn
]Tn-p Imev Hcp Kpcp-\m-Y-\n-eqsS e`n t{]mm-l-\hpw
hfbpw Rm hnXp-p a\-tmsS A\p-kva-cnp. AXv Rm
t\cs hni-Zo-I-cn-n-pv. hnm\w Bcn \npw kzoI-cnmw.
sXv Bcv Nqn-m-Wn-mepw Xncp-Ww. CXv Amlp CjvS-sSp kz`m-h-amWv. sI.Fw. aue-hn-bn \npw F\nv ]Ip-Innb KpW-]m-T-am-WnXv.
1975 Cy-bn ASn-b--cm-h {]Jym-]np. Cn-cm-Km-n-bmbn-cpp {][m\a{n. Htsd tZmj- Dmbn. ]s, KpW-sfm-p-ap-m-bn-sv ]d-bpI h. Fm cmjv{Sob t{SUv bqWn-b
{]h-\-pw hnev Gs-Spn. [mcmfw tZio-bhpw {]mtZ-

511

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

in-I-hp-amb \ntcm-[\w hp. ]{X-v skkjnv GsSpn. Htsd t\Xm-sf Pbn-en-e-Sp. ]e kwL-S-\-I-tfbpw \ntcm[np. Npcp--n, `c-W-Iq-S-n\v A\n-jvS-am-b-sXmpw ]d-b-cpXv,
{]hn--cpXv F tkm-[n-]Xy {]h-W-X-bmWv CXp-aqew \Sn-em-bXv. Hcp kqW- P\m-[n-]Xy cmjv{S-sa \ne-bn Cu \S]-Sn-Isf Cs\ hne-bn-cp-mt\ Ignbq.
]s, CXn-s\mcp adp-h-i-ap-m-bn-cpp. P\m-[n-]Xyw \Ip
Ah-Im-i-fpw A\p-hm-Z-fpw kmaqly Xntm, cmjv{So-bns apt--n\v XS--amb \netm,- FXn-cmb cq]-ntem D]tbm-Kn-m ]mSp--X. Aan-X-amb kzmX{yw Htsd tZmj-fmWv hcp-n-sh-Xv. Cpw AXp Xs-bmWv nXn. Bpw
Ftmgpw Fhn-sSbpw Fpw ]d-bm-sa coXn kzmX{yw A\p-`-hn-e. adnv t{Zmln--emWv. ASn-b-n-cm-h Gs-Sp-n-b-Xns
]nn hy-amb cmjv{Sob \o-amWv Dm-bn-cp--sX-nepw ta
]-d tZmj- Cysb hfsc ]nd-tImv hen-n-cpp. temIs cm-as a\p-jy-i-n-bmWv Cy. ]s, sImp sImp
cmPy-v t\Sm Ign--Xp-t]mepw Cu hn a\p-jy-q-n\v ssIap-X-em-m Ign-n. kzmX{yw \Inb Ah-Im-iv thn-bp apd-hnfn am{Xw. Npa-Xem t_m[w AtXmsS
Ipdp Ipdp hp. HSp-hn Atijw AXn-m-Xmbn. HcSn
aptmv ]Sn ]nd-tImv F \ne-bn-em-bn-cpp GXp cwKpw
Imcy- t]mbn-cp-Xv. kaq-l-ns [mn-Ihpw kZm-Nm-c-]-chp-amb A[-]-X\w, hnhn[ aWvU-e--fn Gdn-h-cp Ac-n-Xmh, aqey--I CXymZn ASn-m\ tZmj- Agn-m-Sp
A- c o- - n \np- s Im- mWv Rm ASn- b - - c m- h - sb
t\mn ImWm {ian-Xv. nXn-K-Xn-I s]mXpsh imw. ka-c-fpsS Hmf- kZm Ae-b-Sn-p tIc-fs Rm honp.
Fmw hfsc IrXy-ambn \S-pp. s]mXp-ap-X \in-n--s-Spn. km B^o-kp-Ifpw kzImcy m]-\-fpw hmWnPy
tI{-fpw hyh-kmb ime-Ifpw Xpd-apJ-fpw- Bip-]-{Xn-Ifpw
hnZym-e-b-fpw F-bn b{w t]mse kpK-a-ambn Nen-p-sIm-ncn-pp. P\- Npa-X-em-t_m-[-tmsS s]cp-am-dpp. `b-amWv
Chsc \nb-{n-p--sXv a\-n-embn. Btcbpw t]Sn-t--Xnm Hcp kmaq-ln-Im--co--n hcm-hp apgp-h hnj-a-X-I-

512

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

fpw A\p-`-hn cmPyw s]sv Cu \ne-bn amdp-Xv I-tm

ASn-b-n-cm-h-sb Rm A\p-Iq-enp. Cu Imcy-n Pam-As Ckvem-anbpw apw Fs hf-sc-tbsd A[n-t-]n-n-pv.
Ah \ntcm-[n--s-Xv Xs {][m\ ImcWw.
km anj-\-dn-I Ah-sc-p-dnv a\-n-em-n-b-sX-s\
Fv ]Tn-m Rm {ianp. ImcWw, Cy-bnse aX kwL-S-\-Ipw aX-{]-Nm-cW {]h-\-pw AXpsm-p ]{X
am[y-a-pw Hcp {]tXyI \nb-{-W-hp-ap-m-bn-cp-n. s]mXptbm-K- \ntcm-[n--s Am-ev [mcmfw s]mXp-tbm-K-
aX-{]-Nm-c-Wmw \nXyhpw \S-p-sIm-n-cpp. Rm hn{i-a-anmsX Av {]kw-Knp \S-n-cpp. Fs kk-_o shdpw cp
ss]k sNe-hn Cy-bpsS GXv `mKpw t]mp-hgn Bh-iym-v Fn-p-sIm-Sp-p-hm Av kuI-cy-ap-m-bn-cpp. AXpt]mse Fm aX {]Nm-cW ]{X-fpw Cu B\p-Iqeyw D]-tbm-Knn-cpp. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS HutZym-KnI ]{X-amb {]t_m[\w am{X-amWv ChnsS hnev t\cn-Xv. ]qW-ambn Hcp aX kwLS-\-sbv Ah-Im-i-s-Sm, Fm cmjv{Sob {]m-\-sav kzbw k-Xn-m, ]s, BIm-i-n\p Xmsg-bp apgp-h
cmjv{Sob Imcy--fnepw \ncq-]Ww \S-pXv- kp{]-[m\ {]t_m[-\-ambn Icp-Xp Hcp {]tXy-I-Xcw Ckvem-an-p-I-fmbn {]hn Pam-A-ns\ \ntcm-[n-m-\p-mb tNtXm-hn-Im-c-sa-sv
Rm ]Tn-m {ianp. XnIpw Bi-b-]-c-am-bn-cpp Imc-W-sav
t_m[y-ambn. auZq-Zn-ks eyhpw amK-hp-ambn kzoI-cn Hcp
cmjv{Sob {]m-\-am-bn-cpp CXv. P\m-[n-]Xyw A\p-h-Zn-p
B\p-Iq-ey- ]c-am-hn[n D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-n-smv Xs B
hyh-n-Xn-bpsS apJyine-bmb sXc-s-Sppw thm-h-Im-ihpw
Ah _ln-jvI-cnp. AXv Xulo-Zn\v hncp--am-sWv Ah hnfn-p]-dp. AwKo-Ir-X-amb amK--fn-eqsS hnZy-t\-Sm kaq-l-tbpw
kap-Zm-b-tbpw Fm-hcpw t{]mm-ln-n-p-tm Ah apJw
Xncnp. Iem-eb
-
- sf sImem-eb
-
- Fv Bt-]np. km
kn-^n--p-I Non-sb-dn-bm A\p-bm-bn-I ap-tm-v- h-p-.
Cu \ne-bn \mSns Fm Ne-\-{In-b-Iv t\scbpw P\m-[n-]Xy
hyh-n-Xnv t\tcbpw ]c-ky-ambn Ah sNfn-hm-cn-sb-dnp.
`oI-c-hm-Zn-I-fmb Iyq-Wnv \Ivk-ssev {]m-\--fpsS {]h-

513

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

\ amK-v kam-\-am-bn-cpp Cu Iq-cpsS \b-]-cn-]m-Sn-I.

Ckvem-ans k{][m-\-amb kXy-km-ys (ilm-Zv
Iena) tIhew cmjv{So-b-h-XvI-cn-p Hcp ap{Zm-hm-Iy-ambn Ah
Xmgvns-n. emC-eml C-mlp Fm Amlp AmsX
Bcm-[-\-l thsd-bn F efnX kp-c-amb BZis
Ch Aw sImv hnI-e-amn. Amlp AmsX `c-Wm-[n-Im-cnbn F Bi-b-n-tev Ien-a-X-p-u-lo-Zns\ Ah Fnp.
Am- l p- h ns `qan- b n Am- l p- h ns `cWw, CXm- W - h - c psS
knmw. auZq-Znkw {]Jym-]n "lpq-as Cemln' F ap{ZmhmIyw Ah k{][m-\-amn Dbn-n-Snp. cN-\-Ifpw {]`mj-W-fpw ]cn-io-e-\-fpw CXn-\p-th-n-bmn. \a-kvImcw XpSnb apJy Bcm-[-\m-I- t]mepw `cW m]-\-n\pw
AXv \S-p--Xn-\p ]cn-io-e-\-n-\p-am-sWv auZqZn P]n-tm Pam-As Ckveman AtX-p-]mSn. Cs\ aXs tIhew
cmjv{So-b-h-XvI-cnv Xo{h-hm-Z-]-c-amb {]m-\-ambn Pam-As
Ckveman {]hn-p-sIm-n-cpp. km hn`m-K- A]w
IqSn ISp CsXmcp `oIc hKo-b-hm-Z-ambn Ip. As\ B.Fkv.Fkv, _Pvdw-KvZ, \Ivk-sse-p-I XpS-nb `oI-c-hmZ {]m-\--fpsS enn Pam-As Ckvem-anbpw Dsp. bYmn Pam-As Ckveman Hcp `oI-c-hmZ {]m-\-am-bn-cp-n.
]s, Ah Ckvem-ans t]cn Dbn-m-nb auZq-Znkw Xo{hhm-Z-n-tepw ]noSv `oI-c-hm-Z-n-tepw a\p-jy-a-\-p-Isf henn-g
- m ]cym-]vX-am-bn-cpp. AXns D-tam-Zm-l-c-W-amWv PamA-ns BZy-Ime hnZymn bph-P\ {]m-\-amb "knan'. Cu
bphm- he-b-n \npw IpX-dn-tbmSn `oI-c-hm-Z-n-tev ASnshv Ib-dp-I-bm-bn-cpp. Iivao-cn hfp-h `oI-c-hm-Z-ap-t--fn knan hln-p ]v hm-I-fn kZm Dbp-h-cpp.
Iivao-cn Cy Pam-As Ckveman {]hn-n. AhnsS
Iivao Pam-As Ckveman F t]cn kzX{ kwL-S-\-bmbn
\ne-sImp. Imivao Cy-bpsS `mK-ambn Ah AwKo-I-cn-p-nsv km anj-\-dn-I kwi-bn-m CXv Imc-W-ambn. Imivaocn sXc-s-Spv cmjv{Sobw Ah lem-em-p-Ibpw m\mnIsf \nn a-cn-n-p-Ibpw Pbnv Akw-n-bn-se-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ]s, Cy Pam-As Ckveman CsXmw ldm-am-p-

514

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I-bm-bn-cpp. thmp sNm t]mepw AwK-v A\p-hmZw \In-bn. Ccw tZiob hncp-hpw P\m-[n-]Xy hncp--hp-amb \b-]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-eqsS {]h\w \on-b-tm, Ah-bvsmw Ckvemans _m\ Atm-g-tm \In-sm-n-cpp. B \nev hne-bncp-p-tm Ah-cpsS ta hp-`h
- n \ntcm-[\w kzm`m-hnIw am{Xw.
ASn-b-n-cm-h--bn \ntcm-[n--s hKob `oIc {]m-\sf hne-bn-cp-p Hcp ]pkvXIw tIm{K-ns DX t\Xm-hmbn-cp cP-\o-]-t Am-ev cNn-Xv Rm hmbn-n-pv. AXn Pam-As Ckvem-ansb Ipdnv ]d-n-p Hcp hmNIw Ctmgpw ad-n-n. Ckvem-ans ASn-m\ {]am-W-sf Zphym-Jym\w
sNbvX Hcp `b-c kwL-S-\-bmWv Pam-As Ckveman. CXv tIhe-amb Hcp kXyw- Xs. Ckvem-ans ASn-m\ {]am-W-amb i-lmZv Ien-asb Zphym-Jym\w sNbvX BZi-hy-Xn-bm-\-n-t
sIn--Sp--XmWv auZq-Znkw. auZq-Zn-ks ASn-m\ {]am-W-ambn
kzoI-cn kwL-S-\-bmWv Pam-As Ckveman. aqey-sf kzw
kzm-Xbvv thn Zphym-Jym\w sNp--XmWv Xo{h-hmZw. Fm Xo{h-hm-Z-fpw `oI-c-hm-Zs t{]mm-ln-n-p--Xp-am-Ipp.
ASn-b-n-cm-h--bpsS Zpjv^-e- icnpw shfn-hm-bn-n-nbXv 77 s]mXp sXc-s-Spv {]Jym-]n-p-Ibpw hmm am[y-ap hnev ]nh-en-p-Ibpw sNbvX tij-am-bn-cpp. 19
amkw \op-\n Cu \nb-a-n ]pdv \n cmjv{Sob t\Xm-fn A]qw Nne ]me-sanepw Am-es {Iqc-X-Is-Xncn i_vZn-p-sh-nepw AXv IpS-n-\p-n DuXp--Xn\p Xpey-ambn-cpp. CXn C_vdmlow kpsse-am tkp-hns i_vZ-ap-m-bncp-p-shv temIw a\-n-em-n-bXv Fmw Ignp hm-I
]pdv h-tm am{X-amWv.
\mnse im-amb kmaq-ln-Im--co-hpw aX-{]-Nm-cW cwKv
e`n kqW- kzmX-{yhpw A\p-`-hn--dn--Xn-\m-emWv Rm
ASn-b-n-cm-h-sb ]np-W-Xv. ]s GXm\pw amk- ]nn-tm Hcp HutZym-KnI hm ]pdv hp. km \S-n
hcp-p km\ \nb-{W ]cn-]m-Sn-Isf FXnv i_vZn-p-hs-Xn-cn Pmay-an-m XS-hp-I-f-Sw Ii-\-amb \S-]-Sn-I
ssIsm-p-X
- mWv Fm-bn-cpp hm. Atm Hcp \n-_
\nb-a-ambn \yq\-] kap-Zm-b-amb apkvenw-I-fn CXv ASnt]n-

515

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-I-bm-sWv a\-n-embn. Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn IpSpw_ kwhn-[m-\n\v t\sc-bp Hcp hmtfm- Xs. ikv{X-{Inb hgn kmt\m]m-Z-\s ]q-ambpw XS-bp \n_--]-cn-]mSn Ckvemw
Ii-\-ambn hntcm-[n-n-pv. Atm hnizmk kzmX-{y-n-s\-Xncn-ep \nbaw. Cu D-chv hmbn--tm Fs a\v \odn. A{I-anbmb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-tbmSv kXyw Xpdp ]d-b-emWv Ghpw henb
PnlmZv F samgn lrZ-b-n Ae-b-Snp. Ign-hn-s\mv CXn-s\Xn-cn {]Xn-I-cn-m a\v \n_-n-p-I-bmWv. Rm Av
sImn-bn-emWv. Hcp IqSn-bm-tem-N\ \S-n-bm kplr-p-
Fs in-bmbn XS-bp-sa-Xv Dd-mWv. ImcWw `hn-jy-p-I
`bm-\-I-am-bn-cnpw. kk-_o-en-eqsS Rm {]Xn-I-cn-m Xocpam-\np. Fs hnizkvX kl-{]-h-I-\mb lao-Zn-t\mSv am{Xw
Xocp-am\w ]dp. lao-Zns apJw m\-ambn. Dm-Im-hp tZmj Ipdv ]d-p-t\mn. hcp-Xv hcs F Dd \ne-]m-Sn
Rm Fn-sbv t_m[y-am-b-tm laoZv Hcp \n-tiw shp.
]n.Fkv A_q-lmPn (Ipfw) `oI-c-amb \Ivk B{I-a-W-n {Iqc-ambn h[n--s Fs- ASp kplr-m-bn-cpp. Atlw
Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn-bnse hnh-chpw aX-t_m-[-hp-ap, tIm{K-k-nse
ap\n-c-bnse {]h-I-\m-bn-cpp. \ aph-lvlnZpw kk-_oens Da KpW-Imw-n-bp-am-bn-cpp. km kwL-Sn-n
km\ \nb-{-W-s-p-dn-p Hcp t_m[-h-XvI-cW skan-\mdn A_p-lmPn hnm\ kqW-amb Hcp \o {]_w AhX-cn-n-pp. \n_ ho-I-c-W-n-t-ep Ckvem-ans
ImgvN-mSv \mbn hy-am-p-Xpw AXns `uXnI tZmj-sf
kmaqly imkv{X-ns shfn--n Xpdp Imp--Xp-am-bn-cpp
{]kvXpX {]_w. Atlw B {]_--hp-ambn Fs kao-]np.
CXn\v \-fm Ign-bp {]Nm-cWw \tI--Xn-s\-p-dnv kqNnn--tm Rm AXv hmn. ASp--ew kk-_o-en {]kn-s-Spn. kk-_o-ens Ccp-]-n-cp t]Pp-I \nd--Xmbn-cpp B sshm-\nI {]_w. Hcp ]mXn-cm-hn kzw
tPyjvT-t\bpw IpSpw-_-tbpw hI-h-cp-m \Ivk Xo{h-hm-ZnI hoSv B{I-anv Ib-dn-b-tm ASp hon Xma-k-am-n-bn-cp A_p-lmPn _lfw tIv HmSn-sb-p-Ibpw A{I-an-Isf XS-bm
{ian-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bbp-[-[m-cn-I-fmb A{I-an-I-fpsS ssIbm

516

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fs an{Xw Zmcp-W-ambn sIm-sp. A{I-an-I ey-an-Xv Atl-ns tPyjvT-s\-bm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw hn[n Cu \ne-bn Ieminp. Xulo-Zns [o-c\
- mb hmhpw kwip-\
- mb s]mXp-{]hI\pw cmjv{Sob Xm]-cy-p-]cn aX-kvt\lw shfn-hm-n-b-h\p-amb A_p-lm-Pn-bpsS Ayw AXoh ZpxJI-c-ambn. Fnepw
At-l-ns ]c-temIw c-km-n-I-fpsS \nc-bn tim`-\-am-bncn-p-sav Fs a\v a{n-pp. B [ocapPm-ln-Zmb Fs
lrZ-b-kp-lr-n\v Amlp Ghpw D-a-amb \jvS-]-cn-lmcw
\In A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is. A_p-lmPn Fs hnNm-c--fn-se-t]mse hnIm-c-an-Sn-p-I-fnepw Fp-apv.
""A_p-lm-Pn-bpsS B teJ\w \apv ]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-cnmw.''
laoZv \ntZiw shp. hmb-\-mv ]T-\mlw. hnj-b-tmSv
{]Xn-I-cn-p-sa hminbpw CXp-aqew \Spw. teJ\w BZyw {]kno-Ic
- n-n-Xt- \-m aqtm \mtem Ccn hcn-m Ap kk-_oen-\pv. A_p-lmPn Pohn-n-cn-n. AXn-\m ]p\x-{]-kn-o-I-c-Wns ]q Npa-Xe kk-_o-en-\m-Wp-Xm\pw. lao-Zns \ntiw F\nv \s t_m[np. ImcWw hmb-\-mv Hcp Da
KpW-]m-Thpw CXn-ep-tm. `hn-jy-p--sf-p-dnv laoZv hopw
Hmn-np. Rm ]dp. ""AXv Rm Fs dn G]n-pp.'' teJ\w ]pd-p-h--tXmsS \mSns \m\m-`m-K--fn \npambn \qdp-I-W-n\v Ip-I \ntXy\ hp-Xp-Sn. `qcn-]-hpw
Fs imkn-p--Xm-bn-cpp. KpW-Imw-n-I-fpsS `b-N-In-X-amb
imk\. hnc-en Fm-hp Ip-I am{Xw Fs A`n-\-n-pIbpw Biz-kn-n-p-Ibpw F\n-p-thn {]mn-p-Ibpw sNp-Xm-bn-cpp. Fm apgp-h Ip-I-fnepw F\nv thn-bp
D-gn {]m-\-bp-m-bn-cpp. Fs a\v \ndp. Bbn-cn-tesd Ip-I Cu hnj-b-n hn-p-s-m-sWs Hm.
Rm\pw {]mn-p-sIm-n-cpp. ""Am-lpth, \ns Zo\n-s\-Xn-cn
A[n-Imcn hKw hmsf-Sp--tm Zp-e-\mb F\nv sNm
Ign-bp-Xv Rm sNbvXp. `uXn-I-ambn \jvShpw ZpxJhpw am{Xsa
Rm {]Xo-n-n-pq. BJn-dnse {]Xn-^-e-amWv Fs {]Xo. AXn \npw \o Fs Hgn-hm-c
- ptX.-'' amknI ]pd-n-d
- nb
Hmtcm Znh-khpw Rm t]meo-kns\ Imp-sIm-n-cpp. Fs
Iqp-Im au\-nepw ZpxJ-n-ep-amWv. Ah \nXyhpw Fs
ImWm hcpw. ac-W-ho-n A\p-tim-N\w Adn-bn-m-s\-p

517

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

apJ-`m-h-tmsS. Rm Ahsc Biz-kn-npw. Fs bm{X-I

Rm apS-n-b-Xp-an. Rm ]nSn--s-m `mcy-tbmSv Ipn-I-fp-ambn
hon-tev aS-n-sm-m G]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]s, Hp-ap-m-bn!- Ap-X-I-c-am-bn-cpp AXv. F\nv am{Xa Fm-hpw As\ Xs! A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS {i-bn s]SmXn-cp-X
- mWv Imc-Ws
- av ]d-p-IqSm. amkn-Ib
- psS tImn-I IeIvS-td-n-tepw ]nIv dnte-j hIp-n-tepw Ab- \n_-amWv. CXn-s-n Xs Fs A]-I-S-s-Sp-m Xw ]mn-cn-p i{Xp-hyq-l- CSpw hepw apnepw ]nd-Inepw
th-{X-bpv. ]s, Fp-sImtm, Hp-ap-m-bn. Am-lphns Xocp-am\w AXm-bn-cnw. AXns\ adn-I-S-m Hcp inpw
Ign-bn-tm. Cs\ ]c-ky-ambn am-sc-nepw {]Xn-I-cn--Xmbpw
F\n--dn-bn. Fs BkwXr-]vXnv Af-hn. Am-lp-hns
Zo\n-\p-thn, Hcp tkzm-[n-]-Xn-bpsS \nb-a-n-s\-Xn-cn ]c-kyam-bn i_vZn-m Fs a\-ns\ ss[cy-s-Sp-nb Am-lp-hn\v
k-kvXp-Xnbpw!
ASn-b-n-cm-h--bp-ambn _-s Hcp kw`-hhpw IqSn ]d-bm\pv. Av Cy cmjv{S-]Xn ^J-vdp-o Aen AlvaZv Bbn-cpp. Cn-cm-Km-n-bpsS shdpw NpIw. As-nepw Cy {]kn-Up-amv F-[n-Imcw! AXv Hcp ]Zhn am{X-amWv. B`m-S-amb
]Zhn. A[n-Imcw {][m-\-a-{npw Im_n-\-n-\p-amWv. Ahsc \nb{n-p-Xpw \nt-in-p-Xpw ]me-sapw. cmPm-hn-t\-m
henb cmP-`n Fp ]d-bp--Xp-t]m-ep hyXym-kta ^J-vdp-o
kmln-_n\v Dm-bn-cp-pq.
Cm-ev Hcn- cmjv{S-]Xn tIcf ki-\-n-\mbn hp.
{][m-\-a-{n-bpsS kqW- Bm-\p-hn-sb \ne-bnepw henb B`m-S-amb hc-thpw kwc--W-h-e-bhpw {]tXy-Inv Atl-n\v e`n-n-cn-p-sav ]d-tb-X
- n-tm. Xncp-h\
-
- ]
- p-cv shv
Atlw ]{X-m-cp-ambn ]eXpw kwkm-cnp. Iq-n Cy
apkvenw-I-tfmSv Hcp-]-tZ-ihpw. km-nI hnj-b-n-se-n-epw apkvenw-I Ckvem-ans\ ssIsbm-gn-bWw. ]ns Znh-ks ]{X--fn
{][m\ hm Cu Xe-hm-N-I-am-bn-cpp. F\nv CXv hmbnv Akly-amb tcmj-ap-mbn. Hcp apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-bmb cmjv{S-]-Xn-bn
\nv C{X `b--c-amb Hcp {]kvXm-h-\tbm? Cu a\p-jy\v Ckvem-an-

518

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t\mSv Hcp Iqdp-an-s-nepw Cu hmNIw Hgn-hm-m-am-bn-cptm-.

Fpw hcs, {]Xn-I-cn-msX h. Cu {]kvXm-h-\-s-Xn-cn
Hcp teJ\w Xm-dm-m lao-Zn-t\mSv \nt-inp. AXn Ds-Spt hnj-b-fpw ]d-p-sIm-Spp. Ckvem-ans km-nI
\b \nt-i- kmaq-ln-I-X-e-n apkvenw-I ]men-p--XpsImv Cu \mSn\v KpW-a-msX Hcp tZmjhpw Cp-hsc kw`-hn-nn. tImSm-\p-tImSn cq]-bpsS kImv hnX-c-Whpw hJ^v \nti-fpw ]en-i-tbm-Sp Ii-\-amb hntcm-[hpw, kzn-t-ep
A\--cm-hm-Imi \nb-a-fpw \mSns km-nI `{Z-Xbvv Fp
t{Zml-amWv hcp-n-sh-Xv? Cu kap-Zm-b-nse [\m-Vycpw CS-c-mcpw kImpw kZ-Jbpw \n-ln-p-tmgpw kzp-h-l-I
kap-Zmb \-mbn hJ^v sNp-tmgpw AXns KpW-t`m-m-
kap-Zm-b-nse \n[\ hn`m-K-am-Wtm. Ah-cpsS ]n-Wnv teiw
Bizmkw e`n-p--Xp-sImpw km Gs-Sp-t _m[y-XIv Ipd-s-nepw ]cn-lm-c-at knn-pI. t\p-t\s-c-bp
Ccw sImp hnh-c-sa-nepw Xe-bn-en-msX t]mbXpw Ckvem-ans i{Xp-hn-`m-K-ns ISn am{Xw Bin-Xpw Xo-bmbpw Hcp
kXy-\n-tj-[n-bpsS kz`m-h-amWv. Ccw hnj-b- _-s-Spn
hni-Zo-I-cn-p Hcp i-amb teJ\w laoZv FgpXn. Fs hmbnp tInp. Nnd Xncp--ep-I \Sn. AXv {]n sImSp-m \nt-inp. teJ-I Bcv Fv tNmZn--tm \o Xs Fv
Rm ]dp. lao-Zns apJw icnpw hnh-am-Ip-Xv Rm
Ip. hcm-\n-S-bp `b--c-amb `hn-jy-ns\ Hmv lao-Zns
a\v ]c-h-i-am-Ip-I-bm-sWv F\nv a\-n-embn. Fs {]nb-s
hnizkvX kl-Imcn `b-sv ]nn-cnp HmSm {ian-ptam? Rm\pw Hcp I^yq-j-\n-embn. (Cu Cwojv ]Zw tIv ]Tn--tm
AXn-s Aw {]I-S-am-m ]nb ae-bmf hmv Rm In.
]Icw hmN-I- Xs thW-sav tXmn).- Hp-cv an\nv R au\-n-embn. s]sv Rm ]dp:- ""teJ-\-n\v Xmsg
Hcp hc-bnSq. Fnv Rm ]d-bp-Xv FgpXq. ""_lp-am-\y-\mb {]knUv AhIsf,-- Cy-bpsS Ghpw Db knwlm-k\
-
- n- \nsf Fn Am-lp-hns\ \n ad--cpXv. CXn \npw \nsf Xmsg-bn-Sm\pw \nn-X-\m-p-hm\pw Ign-hp--h-\mWv Am-lp
F kXyw ad-m-Xn-cn-pI.''- Cs\ FgpXn ASn-bn Fs t]cv

519

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tNp. (hmN-I-n teiw hyXym-k-ap-mImw. amkn-I-bp-sS B

ew Xn-n-c-s-nepw Inn-bn. ]s, Bibw CXp-Xs)
teJ\w In-se-Spv Rm _nkvan... sNmn Am-lp-hn `cta]n-p-sImv lao-Zns In sIm-Spp. {]n sImSpq.
`b-s-tS. Amlp \n-bn--Xp-t]mse kw`-hn-s. ]nSn--s-m \ntm-sSmv Rm\p-ap-mIpw. Rn-S-bnse AXyw hnImc`-cn-X-amb, A]q-amb Nne kzImcy \nan-j--fm-bn-cpp AXv. Ctm CXv Rm ]d-p-sIm-Sp-p-tm laoZv Cu Ipdn-p-I-sf-Spp-tmgpw B sshIm-cnI \nan-j- R ]p-sh-pp.
teJ\w ]pd-p-hp. ]g-b-Xp-t]mse Xs Ip-I-fpsS Hgpv. imkn-, Ip-s-Sp- XpSn "[nmcw Ipsd IS-p-t]mbn'
F hmN-Ihpw Nne In Dm-bn-cpp. Npcpw Nne ]g-b-Xpt]mse ss[cyw \Ip-Ibpw Biz-kn-n-p-Ibpw Rv cmpw thnbpw {]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. {]m\ Fm IpI-fpsS Ah-km-\
- nepw Dm-bn-cpp. C-hW Fm-bmepw Nne
\S-]-Sn-I DmIpw. amknI Ip-sI-p-I-sb-nepw kw`-hn-m-Xn-cnp-Ib
- n. Hmtcm \nan-jhpw Fp ]d-m AsXmcp kXy-amWv,R cp-t]cpw Imn-cpp. XpS-
- n I thh-emXn lao-Zn \nv t]mbv ad-n-cn-pp. hcpw-t]mse ImWmw F Hcp apJ`mhw. ]s, Ap-X-sav ]d-bs! Hpw kw`-hn-n. Am-lp-hn\v k-kvXp-Xnbpw!- A{I-an-bmb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-tbmSv kXyw Xpdp
]d-b-emWv Ghpw apnb PnlmZv F Blzm\w Ign-hn-s\mv
\njvI-f--amb Dt-iy-tmsS Rm\pw Fs Iqp-Im-c\pw Fs
]{Xhpw \S-n hcpn. Amlp Fm cl-kyhpw Adn-bp--h-\mIpp. R-fn \npw dv HuZm-cy-]qw kzoI-cn-p-am-dm-Is.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

63
alm-k-t-f-\hpw Fs cmPnbpw
1979emWv ae-pdw Pn-bnse ]pfn- shv apPm-lnZv kwm-\
kt-f\w \S-Xv. Hcapkvenw kplr-ns DS-a--X-bn-ep
hnim-e-amb ]mS-ti-J-c-n-emWv kt-f\] Hcp-n-bXv. Cu
-ew A\p-h-Znp Inn-b-X-dn--tm AXv apS-m kpn-I-

520

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

fpsS `mK- p- \npw DS- a - b psS ta henb k- a p- mbn.

Atlw hg-n-bn. Atm Xpw Hcp kt-f-\-n\v Cu
ew \I-W-sa-mbn. \psS kt-f-\-n\v tijw AXv \Sn-sm-p-hm Atlw A\p-h-Zn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
hn]p-e-amb Cu kt-f-\-n\v ss[cyw ]I Hcp ]m--eapv. tImgn-tmSv Ipn-n-d-bn \S {]kn--amb kpn apPm-lnZv
hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw Xs. hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ ]c--c-I-fn A]q kz`m-hap-Xpw Gsd ^e-{]-Z-hp-am-bn-cpp AXv. ASn-b--cm-h sImv
aX{]Nm-cWcwK-p-mb hn Hcp KpW-am-bn-cpp Cu kw`hw.
]Xn-s\mv Znh-k- XpS-bmbn \o Cu kwhmZ thZn ApX-I-c-amb im-X-bn-emWv kam-]n-Xv. tNmZyw sNm Ign-bm
ASn-b-n-cm-h--bpsS hmap\ kpn apkven-bm--fpsS Xev
aosX Xqn-n-S-p-Ibpw, I\ t]meokv _-hv A[n-Ir-X
Hcp-p-Ibpw ew kn Ckvs]-IvS \nXyhpw tPn \nco-I-\mbn Ccn-p-d-n-p-Ibpw sNbvX-tm apkven-bm--fpsS
ncw Ie- ]cn-]m-Snbpw P\-sf apPm-ln-Zp-Is-Xn-cn
Cf-n-hn-Sp IpX-{-fpw Imn ]dp. XuloZv, inv, _nZv-Ap-I, PpapA JpXp_, kv{Xo PpapA XpS-nb kp{]-[m\ hnj-b-fmWv kwhm-Z-n \n-bn--s-Xv. Ccp hn`m-K-n \npw
{]Xn-\n-[n-I tNv BgvN-I-tfmfw IqSn-bm-tem-Nnv kwhm-Z-n\p hyh--Ifpw N-fpw Xocp-am-\nv A[n-Ir-Xv kan
tij-amWv A\p-hmZw e`n-Xv. AXn \npw hyXn-N-en-p--hv
Ii-\-amb in t\cn-tS-n-h-cp-sav Dd-m-b-tXmsS Ie- ]cn]mSn Dt]-n-t-n -hp.
Hmtcm hn`m-K-n \npw kwhmZ hnj-b-s-p-dnv \m]n
Ap an\n-p-I hoXw Hcm {]`m-jWw \Spw. tijw Ccp-hn-`mK-n\pw tNmZy-p Ah-kcw. tNmZy-n\pw adp-]-Snpw kab-]-cn[n \n-bn-n-pv. AXv hon-m Ccp-I-n-I-fn \npw
Hmtcm hyn-I a[y--m-cmbn thZn-bn DmIpw. \nco--I\mbn t]meokv Hm^o-kpw Ccn-nSw. ]Xn-\m-bn-c- Xnn-\nd im-Kw-`o-c-amb kZv. FhnsS \nmepw hy-ambn tIm\pw ImWm\pw X ssev B v kuv kw-hn-[m-\w-. apPmlnZvkpn hn`m-K--fnse ]WvUn-X-m Xv \n-bn--s
tPn AWn-\n-cp. sI.kn. A_q-_- auehn, kn.]n. Da

521

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kpan, sI.sI. apl-Zv kpan XpS-n-b-h {]mcw` {]`m-j-W-

\S-n-b-h-cmWv. kn.]nbmWv Hmw Znhkw {]mcw` {]kwKw \S-nb-sX-mWv Fs Hm. Ap \ Npdp-Np-dppw {]kw-K-Nm-Xpcyhpw ka-\z-bn {]`m-j-I-\m-bn-cpp Da kpan. apPm-lnZv bph
]WvUn-X-m-cn Ghpw A[nIw Xu-lo-Zv- {]-`m-j-W-- \-S-n-bhy-n- kn.-]n- bm-bn-cp-p F-m-sW-s- A-\p-`-hw.- Cu ASp Imembn At-l-n\v kwL-S\m Xe-n Nne am-,- Fp ]dm kn.]nbn Dm-Im ]mSn-m Nne kqvaXm ewL-\ Dm-Ip--Xmbn Rm tIp. CXv ZpxJ-I-c-amWv. F.]n. A_vZp JmZn aue-hn-bp-ambn A-t-l-n-\-p hyn-]-c-amb A`n-{]mbt`Z-f
- mWv Imc-W-sa--dn-bpp. AXv s]sv Ah-km-\n-n--Wsav Rm At- l - t mSv hn\o- X - a mbn At]- n- p- I - b mWv .
XuloZv {]Nm-cWcwKv bph\nc-bn \np-bp h Ghpw
i-\mb ]WvUnX {]`m-j-I-cn kn.]n. thdnp \npp. AXpsIm-p-Xs F\nv kn.]n.tbmSv BZ-chv Ie kvt\l-am-WpXv.
F.]n. A_vZpJm-Zn aue-hn-sb-p-dnpw Gsd ]d-bm-\pv.
Ipn-nd hmZ{]Xn-hm-Z-n \nm-Is XpSw. Fs a\-nse
Hm-I-fpsS Ie-h-d-bn `{Z-ambn Rm kqn-n-p, ImgvNbpw
tIhnbpw ka-\z-bn-n at\m-l-c-amb A\p-`-h-amWv AXv. Fs
hn{i-a-c-ln-X-amb bm{X-Ipw {]h-\-p-an-S-bn HmI-fpsS \ne-h-d-bn \npw Ipn-nd thZn-bn Xnf-nb F.]n.sb
NnIp ]pd-n-dpw. a\v \ndsb IIp-fns Bkz-Znpw.
F\n-smcp kmlnXy {]tbmKw \S-m Hcp tamlw. sXn-tm-sbn an-pI. apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns BZi tim`bpw
BImc `wKnbpw F.]nbpsS \mhn Xpv LSn-n-pp. Atlw \mhv Nen-n-p-tm B {]` \psS I \b-\-sf B\n-n-p-Ibpw B-thiw ]I-cp-Ibpw sN-p-am-bn-cp-p.- a-Wn-q-dp-I- \o-p- t]m-Ip-- k-c-k-hpw- km-c-k-K-`-hpw- {]u-tVm-ze-h-pamb- B- {]-`m-j-WNm-Xp-cyw- Rm- H-cp-]m-Sv- ]-Tn-p-I-bpw- B-kz-Zn-pI-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-pw- F-\n-v- ]q-Xn- Xo-- k--`w- D-m-bn-n-s-p-Xm-Wv- kXyw. apPm-lnZv {]m-\s P\-Io-b-h-XvI-cn-p--Xn
C{X-tbsd ]p-h-ln Hcp i_vZw thsd-bptm Fv tNmZn-m,
C Fv ]d-bm F\n-smpw aSn-bn. Fs {]h--\hoYn-

522

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bnse ho-W-pw hnai-\-pw \b-]-cn-]m-Sn-Ipw

Imcy-amb ]npW \Im Fs Hcp hnai-I-\-m-bn-cp-p F.]n.
A_vZp JmZn auehn. AXv icnpw t_m[y-s k-`-fnepw Rm At-ls BZ-cn-p-Ibpw Af-hv kvt\ln-p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-pv. hyn-]-c-amb hoW hyXym-k-pw CjvSm-\njvS-pw Ap-dv F.]n.- sb-p-dnv Hcp henb kXyw Rm
a\-n kqn-n-cpp. ]Xn-m-p-I-fpsS InX-p-sIm-p Hmw
\S-n-bnpw F\nv t\Sm Ign-bm BZi-em`w F.]n-bpsS
Ipn-nd hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ thZn-bnse AXn-k-a-amb {]I-S\w
sImv {]m\w t\Sn--gn-n-cpp. F.]n. Fs AwKo-I-cn-pn-sv Rm Adn-bp-tmgpw At-ls Bthmfw kvt\ln-m\pw BZ-cn-m\pw Rm {ian-n-pv. F.]n. Hc-]q {]Xn-`-bmWv.
ka-\mb kwLm-S-I-\mWv. Xocp-am-\--sf-Sp-m\pw AXv \S-n hcp-m\pw Icp-p--h-\mWv. B Icp-n-t apn Fs-tmep--h Nne-tm hoWp-t]m-bn-pv. A\njvSw tXmnb k` ]e-tm-gp-ap-mbn. Fnpw Rm F.]n.sb Af-hv kvt\lnp. ImcWw, At-l-ns \nkzm-amb tkh-\- BZi apt--n\pw {]mm-\nI hfpw hf-tc-tbsd {]tbm-P-\-Ic-am-bn-cpp. Rm Fs BZi-sbpw {]m-\-sbpw Poht\-m-tfsd kvt\ln-p-tm B cwKv tkh\w sNp--h-scbpw hen--s-dpw t\mmsX BZ-cnpw. kvt\lnpw. kl-I-cnpw. AXn G-p-d-n-ep-m-bn-sbv hcmw. F.]n.- sb Rm Dbn-m-p-tm B \ne-bn \n hne-bn-cp-n-bm aXn.
Ipn-nd kwhm-Z-n C.sI. lk- apkven-bm-cp-sSbpw Im]pcw A_q-_- apkven-bm-cp-sSbpw hnjw ]pcnb- hmIv ic--fn
\npw Zpm-ay-n-sbpw h{I-XI
- f
- p-sSbpw {]IS--\
- n \npw
apPm-lnZv thZnsb kwc-n-Xv F.]n.bpsS hmKvhn-em-k-am-bn-cpp
Fv ]d-m AXv tIh-e-amb Hcp kXyw am{X-amWv. 1950 cq]oIr-X-amb sI.F.Fn\v Av GXm\pw imJ-I am{Xta tIc-fn Dm-bn-cp-pq F hkvXpX \n-Xn-i-b-am-bn-cnpw.
sX-- {]m-Xn-\n-[y--ambn sImn-bnepw.- Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-n-s
P-tK-l-amb Ago-tmSv Fdn-bmSv {]tZ-i--fn t]mepw Hcp
imJ-bp-m-bn-cp-n. Ahn-Ss BZi-cwKw Pam-As Ckveman I-S-n-bn-cpp. ]Xn-s\mv Znhkw \op-\n hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z- bp-

523

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

-ns ]cn-k-am]vXn Ipdn-p-sImv ]Xn-\m-bn-c-sf kmn

\nn F.]n. A_vZp JmZn auehn \S-nb lrZ-b-kv]r-mb
{]m\ Fs Pohn-X-nse A]q-amb Hc-\p-`-h-am-bn-cpp.
apPm-lnZv ]W-v-Un-X-m Iqmbn \S-nb ]T-\hpw Kth-j-Whpw
Nbpw Hcp-n-b hn-m-\-n-s- `-m-w- F.-]n.- th-Zn-bn- Xp-d-tm- AXns {]` \mSmsI hoin-b-Snp. cp hjw ]nn-tm sI.F.Fn\v Ccp-\q-dn ]cw imJ-I hn-hn[ tZi--fnembn ]Sp. Cu hf-bmWv Hcp kwm\ kt-f-\-n-\p
Bibpw ss[cyhpw \psS t\Xm-v \In-bXv. Av alm\mb Fs kplrv sI.]n. apl-Zv aue-hn-bmWv sI.-F.-Fns kwm\ P\-d sk{I-dn. Rm Av tIcf PwC--p
De-a-m-bpsS {]kn-U-m-bn-cpp. {]m-\-ns In- Hcp hnIrXn-bmbn ]ecpw ImWp Rm AXn-s\mpw Al-\m-bn-cp-n.
hnm\w sImpw {]K--X-sImpw Al-cm-b-h ]ecpw AhnsS-bp-m-bn-cpp. alm ]WvUn-X-\mb ssiJv apl-Zv auehn
Ae--cn-n-cp B Itk-c-bn Fm-hcpw tNv Cu km-[p-hmb
Fs ]nSn-p-cpn. AXv {]mbm-Kn-I-am-bn-cp-n-sv Rm XpS-nte a\-n-emn. Fs AhnsS Ah-tcm-[n--h ]no-Spw a\n-emn.
]pfn- kt-f\w Fm \nepw hn hnP-b-am-bn-cpp.Ad_v cmPy--fn \np ]WvUn-X-msc kt-f-\-n-tev
Wn-m Fs-bmWv Npa-X-e-s-Sp-n-bXv. auZqZn- kmln-_n\v
Am-ev kpDuZn Khsanepw apw \ne-\n-n-cp henb
kzm[o-\hpw AXp-ap-tJ\ Pam-A-p-Im HutZym-KnI taJ-e-bnepw
]WvUnX thZn-I-fnepw t\Sn-sb-Sp ]cn-K-W-\bpw s]mXpsh Adnb-s-Sp--Xm-bn-cpp. B \nev auZq-Zn-k-ns ISp hnai-I\mb Fs Cu ]Wnv \ntbm-Kn--Xn ]epw AXr-]vXn-bp-mbn-cpp. Fnepw Rm t]mbn. Am-lp-hn Xh-p sNbvXpsImpw {]mn-p-sImpw Rm t]mbn. alm-\mb ssiJv C_v\p-_mkv Av kpDuZn aX-{]-t_m-[\ hIp-ns Xe-h-\mWv.
Rn-S-bn \ne-\n-n--cp- hyn-_w Rm t\cs hniZ-am-n-bn-p-tm. AXm-bn-cpp Fs ss[cyw. ssiJns \n-tiw Xn--f-bp Hcp {]K-\pw kpDu-Zn-bn Dm-bn-cp-n. dns A\p-{K-l-m kt-f-\-n-tev Hgp-In-sb-nb Ad_v

524

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]WvUn-X-m-cpsS B[nIyw kwLm-S-Iv Hcp {]iv\-am-Ip-I-bm-Wpm-bXv. Ahsc kzoI-cn-epw Xmak kuI-cy- Gs-Sp-epw
Ah-cpsS ]cn-N-c-W-{i-bpw Gsd {ia-I-c-am-bn-cpp. C\n Bcpw
htc--Xn Fv ASn-b-nc Adn-bnv sImSp-m-am-bn-cpp Fv
Nne kplr-p- Xamicq]-n ]dp. \nXm \ni-_vZ-ambn,- XuloZv Dsm alm-P\ k-bs Iv Ad_v ]WvUnX-m Bth-i-`-cn-X-cmbn. Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-nse A]q ImgvNbm-bn-cpp AXv. Ah tPn kZm-k-abw \nd-n-cpp. Am-lphns\ am{Xw Bcm-[n-p, Ah-t\mSv am{Xw {]mn-p XuloZns a-fpsS almkwKaw Ad_v ]WvUn-X-m IIp-fns,
a\v \ndsb Iv B\-np. kt-f-\-nse cv al-mb {]`mj-W- Cpw app-t]mse Rm lrZ-b-n kqn-pp.
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS BZi hyXn-bm-\-s-p-dnpw ilmZv Ien-a-bpsS A-hy-Xym-k-n-eqsS C_m-Z-ns hymJym-\n hcp-n-q-nb ASn-m-\-]-c-amb ]ng-hns\ kw_-npw
{]K--\mb Fs B-an{Xw sI.kn. A_q-_- aue-hn-bpsS
{]`m-j-W-amWv Hv. ae-bm-f-n-emWv sI.kn. {]kwKw XpS-n-bXv.
Ad_v ]WvUn-X-m tPn \nc-\n-c-bm-bpv. teiw Ign-tm sI.kn. Ah-cpsS t\sc Xncnp. CXv tIt-Xv \nfmWv Fv ]d-p-sImv Ad-_n-bn {]kwKw XpSn. ae-bmfw
t]mse At-l-n\v hg-p--X Ad_n. ]s, sI.kn. Bth-in-em-bn-cpp. Fs a\pw Atm Bm-Z-n-em-bn-cpp. PamA-ns BZi hyXn-bm-\s kw_-n-p Hcp {]`m-jWw
B kt-f-\-n ^e-{]-Z-amb \ne-bn Dm-Ip-sav Rm IcpXn-bn-cp-n. ImcWw Ad_v ]WvUn-X-m-cn _lp-`q-cn-]-hpw
auZq-Zn-k-tmSv A\p-cm-K-ap--h-cm-bn-cpp. Aapkvenw alm`qcn-]-ns \mSmb Cy-bn Hcp "lpI-q-as Cemln' m]nm XymK-]-cn-{iaw sNp--h-sc-p-dn-p aXnv a\-n Ah
\nd-p-sh-n-cpp. Atm Ahsc shdp-n-mt\m Ah-cpsS A\njvSw km-Zn-p-hmt\m kt-f\ `mc-hm-ln-I Xm-dm-Ip-I-bns [mcW Fn in-bmbn \ne-\n-n-cpp. ]s, Fs
kplrv sI.kn. B [mcW Xncpn. sI.knbpsS hni-Zo-I-cWw
Ah {in-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]ntv, Ad_n ]WvUn-X-m Xma-kn-p tlm-en-tev

525

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ah Fs Wnp. Rm sN-tm Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS tIcf Aao ASw DX t\Xm- Ahn-sS-bpv. a-Zo-\-bnse- ssiJv Da ^pm--bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n Ah-cp-ambn Hcp kplrZv kw`m-j-W-n\v cwK-sam-cp-n-bn-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p AhnsS.
Rm \nc-kn-n. kulrZw ]mSn-s-p Hcp hmin F\nv Hcn-ep-an-m-bn-cpp. ]s, Pam-A-p-Im B{K-ln-p kulrZw
Rm \n-_vZ-\m-I-W-sa--XmWv. Ipsd kabw N \Sp. Ad_v
]WvUn-X-m Pam-Av A\p-Iq-en-I-fm-Wtm. ]cky hnai-\ Hgn-hmn Ign-bp-Xpw kulm-]-c-ambn Ccp-Iq-cpw {]hn--W-sav Ah GtIm-]n-nv FtmSv Bh-iy-sp. ssiJv
C_v\p-_m-kns ^Xvh _-s hnj-b-n e`n-m AXp-{]Imcw Rm {]hn-m-sav ]d--tm AXn\v th GmSp-I sNm-sav ssiJp-am k-Xnp. As\ kulmw \ne\n---hn[w aptmv t]mIm DX-Ip Hcp Icm Dm-pIbpw Pam-Av t\Xm-fpw Rm\pw AXn Hv shp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu kw`hw sI.F.Fw. t\Xr-Xz-n henb Atem-k-c-apmn. PwC--p Deam- {]kn-U-m-bn-cns t\Xr-Xz-hp-ambn
Btem-Nn-msX Ccw Hcp Icm-dn Hv sh-Xn Ah Fs
in- b mbn Ip- s - S pn. B Ip- s - S p- - e n Ig- p- s v
F\npw tXmn. F.]n. A_vZpJm-Zn aue-hn-bmWv F\n-s-Xncn i-amb \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-Xv. kwL-S\m ssh`-h
- n Amev Xs Atlw anIhv ]pen-bn-cpp. Rm kwL-S-\v
Hcp `mchpw aptm-p Ka-\-n\pw N-h--pw XS--hp-am-Ipp-sh kqN-\-bmWv F.]n.-bpw ap--hcpw \Ip--sXv F\nv
t_m[y-ambn. Rm Fs {]nb-s {]m-\-n\v Npa-m Ignbm Hcp `mc-am-I-cp-sXv Xocp-am-\np. kwL-S-\-bn `mc-hm-lnbm-Ip-Xn-\-v Rm sImp-I-bn-sv kzbw a\-n-emn. PwC-p De-am-bpsS Ay--]-Zhn Hgn-bm Rm k-X {]I-Sn-np-Ibpw Fs kplr-p- AXv A\p-Iq-en-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Rm m\-sam-gnp. ]noSv Hcn-epw Hcp HutZym-KnI ]Zhn
Rm kzoI-cn-n-n. kwL-S\ FtmSv Bh-iy-s--Xp-an. F\n-Xn Hpw tJZ-hp-an. ImcWw AXv F\nv ]m ]Wn-bm-sWv
Rm a\-n-em-n--gn-n-cpp. Ipsd Ime-n\v tijw ]pfn-
PmanA ke-^n--bpsS Nmk-e ]Zhn kzoI-cn-m t\Xm-

526

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Fs \n_-np. Rm kzoI-cnp. AXv shdpw Hcp IS-emkv

]Zhn am{X-am-sWv F\n--dn-bm-am-bn-cpp. Ad_v \mSp-I-fp-am-bp
In-S-]m-Sp-I-fn D]-tbm-Kn-m Fs t]cv shpI F-- D-tiyw- am{Xta CXn Dm-bn-cp-pq. m]-\-ns `cW \S-np-ambn F\nv {]tXyI Npa-X-e-Itfm ap _-s-S-ep-Itfm
Dm-bn-cp-n. Rm Acw Imcy- At\z-jn-m-dp-an.
GsX-nepw tbmK-v Wn--s-m Ign-bp-Xpw Rm
t]mIpw. A{X-am{Xw. bmsXmcp ]cm-Xnbpw Bt-]-hp-an-msX
A[n-Im-c-an-m B ]Z-hn-bp-ambn Cpw Ign-bpp. t\Xm-
Ftm Bh-iy-s-mepw XWw Rm AXv Hgn-p-sImSppw. Hcp sNdnb \- b psS hc- v t]mepw XS- - a mbn
\nm Rm B{K-ln-p-n-. PwC--p De-am-bpsS Ay-]-Z-hn-bn-tev F\nv _Z-embn \ntbm-Kn--s-Xv alm-\mb ]n.
sskZv auehn (c--m-Wn)- B-bn-cp-p.- A-tlw- Xn-I-pw- A-l\m-bn-cp-p.- X-s- a-c-Ww- h-sc- au-e-hn- B m\w hlnp. Ctm
Fs {]nb kplrv sI.F. C_vdmlow auehn B ]Z-hn-bn
XpS-cpp. At-lhpw AXn\v XnIpw Al Xs.
]pfn- kt-f-\-n \S {]kw-K--fn cm-a-Xmbn
Fs a\-n ambmsX \np-Xv ]n.]n. A_vZp K^q auehn
(]pfn-) AhI-fpsS FgpXn Xm-dmn Atlw Xs hmbn
{]kw-K-am-bn-cpp. apPm-lnZv {]m-\hpw kaq-lhpw F hnj-bs Bkv]-Z-amn Ah-X-cn-n kpZoL-amb {]_--am-bn-cpp
AXv. ka-\mb Hcp {]`m-jI
- \
- m-bn-cpp K^q auehn. ]pfn-
aZo-\-p Deqw Ad-_n-tIm-tf-Pns {]nkn-m m\-n-c-psIm-mWv Atlw HutZym-KnI PohnXw Ah-km-\n-n-Xv. ka-\mb {]`m-j-Is NmXp-cy-tmsS, XnI A-c-kv^p-S-Xtbm-sS-bp B hmb\ tI-hsmpw ad-m Ign-bn. H-cp- {]_-- hm-b-\-bm-bn-cp-n-- A-Xv.- kz-X-kn--hpw- {]-kn--hp-am-b- At-l-n-s- {]-kw-K-ssi-en-bn- X-s-bm-bn-cp-p- B- {]-`m-j-Ww.FgpXn Xm-dm-nb Hcp {]_w Dz-e-amb {]`m-j-W-amn
Ah-X-cn-n Hc-\p-`hw AXn\v aptm ]nt]m F\n-p-m-bn-n.
{]m-\-ns ka-{K-amb kmaq-lnI ImgvN-mSv kwi-b-te-i-at\y
B {]_--n A\m-h-cWw sN-s-n-cpp. kmc-K`-amb B
{]_w A-Snv Hcp tcJ-bmbn \ne-\nm {in-m-Xn-cp-Xv

527

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t\Xr-Xz-ns Hcp hogvN-bm-bn-mWv Rm Icp-Xp-Xv. Hcp apPmlnZv {]h-I \mnse kmaq-lnI kmwkvIm-cnI cm{ob
aWvU-e--fn GsXmw \ne-bn `mK`-m-m-I-W-sav hkvXp-\njvT-ambn B {]_w ssKUv sNp-pv. Fm hnj-bn-e-pw
{]m\w {]tXyI Xe- krjvSnv {]hn--W-sa PamAs Ckvem-an-bpsS kp-NnX ho-Ws FXnp-sImv,
\mn Ac-t-dp Fm \-bpsS Iqm-bva-I-fnepw apPm-lnZv {]h-I X-fpsS kmn-[yhpw kl-I-c-Whpw \ntem`w \Insmv \-bpsS ]mX-bn \nkzm-ambn \S--W-sa-m-bn-cpp
{]_--n \nt-in--s-n-cp-Xv. CXv Hcp ]p Ip-]n-Sp-ambn Ah-X-cn-n--X. Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-ns {]K--cmb
t\Xm--m, XpSw apX Xs hnP-b-I-c-ambn {]hnp
ImWnpXs kc-Wnsb {]h-Iv t_m[y-s-Sp-p-I-bm-bncpp. alm-m-cmb hw auehn, sI.Fw. auehn, koXn-km-ln_v,
apl-Zv A_vZp-d-lvam kmln_v, F.hn. A_vZp-emw auehn,
C.sI. auehn, Fw.sI. lmPn XpS-n-b-h CXn amXr-Im-]p-cp-jm-cm-Wtm. Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-ns apJy-[m-c-bmb XuloZv
Dbn-n-Sn-p-sImv Xs hnhn[ aWvU-e--fn hyn-ap{Z
]Xn-n alZv hyn-Xz--fm-bn-cpp Ch-scm-sbpw. Ah-cpsS
tim`-bm ]mX Dt]-nv apJy-[m-c-bn \nv AIv amdn ISn
Inp amK-tc-J-I-fp-ambn {]Xy--s-Sm shp \qX\ Nnmk-cWn A\-`n-e-j-Wo-bhpw Akzo-Im-cy-hp-amWv. temIw Zin
Ghpw t{ijvT-\mb kmaq-lnI Poh-Im-cpWy {]h-I-\m-bn-cpp
{]hm-NI Xncp-ta\n apl-Zv . \_nbpsS apJy-[mc Fm {]hm-NI-m-cp-sSbpw apJy-[mc Xs-bm-bn-cpp. AXmWv XuloZv. A_vZp K^q aue-hnbpw Adn-b-s kmaq-lnI cm{ob {]h-I\m-bn-cpp. Gsd-mew ]m-bv {]kn-U-mbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn K^q auehn {]Nm-cW cwKv \smcp tbmmhpw ka-\mb Aym-]-I-\p-am-bn-cpp. AXp-sImv Xs hnm\ kqW-amb {]kvXpX {]_w Ah-X-cn-n-p-hm XnIpw Al-\m-bncpp Atlw. ImenI {]k-n-bp B {]_w Fp-sImv
Xa-kvI-cn--sp Fv F\n--dn-p-IqSm.
kk-_o {]pw amkn-I-bpsS {]kn-o-I-c-Whpw IqSp-X
kuI-cymw Xncq-mSv \npw ]pfn--tev amn m]np.

528

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kt-f-\-n\p tijw laoZv hopw Fs XpW-m ]pfn-

hp Xma-k-amn. lao-Zns hchv F\nv IqSp-X B\--I-chpw
klm-b-I-hp-ambn. {]ns Npa-Xe sImn-bnse A_vZp-dlow kmln_v t\mn-\-S-n-bn-cpp. sImn-bn kmse tkv m]nv,
apPm-ln-Zo {Sns Iogn \S-p-h-n-cp-Xpw Aam\n aue-hnbpsS Jp-B ]cn-`mj, Aa-\m Fn-h-bpsS A-Snbpw apw
\S-n-h-n-cp--Xp-amb Hmdn-b {]nt-gvkns amt\-P-dmbn tPmen t\mn-bn-cp \smcp apPm-lnZv {]h-I-\m-bn-cpp A_vZpdlow kmln_v. laoZv, amkn-I-bpsS tat\mw Gs-Sp-tm Rm Hsms kzX-{-\mbn. AtXmsS asmcp tamlhpw
DZnp. AsXmcp AXn-tam-l-am-bn-cp-p-shv A\p-`-h-n t_m[ys-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. kk-_o Hcp kmbm Zn\-]-{X-ambn XpS-W-sav Hcmi! AXn-\p-th-n-bp {]h-\- Bcw-`np.
F\nv Bi-b-msX AXpkw-_--ambn Hcp hnh-c-hp-an. As\ AXn-mbn Hcp Btem-N\m kan-Xn-bp-mn. sI.F. C_vdmlow auehn, Ctmfn AlvaZv tImb lmPn, sI.- sam-bv-Xp- km-ln-_v(tIm-gn-tm-Sv-),- sI.Fw. apl--ZvIpn lmPn(Iptmn), F.sI.
apl-Zv kmln_v (sI.Fkv.sI. X-fpsS `mcym-k-tlm-Z-cn-bpsS
`-mhpw sSe-{Km^v DtZym-K--\p-am-bn-cpp) Fn-h-cm-bn-cpp
D]-tZ-i-I-t_mUv. Fm-hcpw _pn-Po-hn-Ifpw kwLm-S-I-cp-am-bncpp. ]{X-{]-h\ cwKv \ ]cn-N-b-ap kplr-m-bn-cpp
koXn sI. hb-em. amt\-P-dmbn laoZv Xs. apJ-{]-kwKw Fgp-XpI F Fs _m[y-Xbpw laoZv Gs-Spp. ]cn-tim-[-\pw D]tZ-i-\nt-i-pw Ctmfn lmPn \nXyhpw B^o-kp-ambn _s-Sm-sav k-Xn--tXmsS F\nv ]qW- ss[cyw ssIhp.
Fs {]nb--c-\mb kplrv F.hn. A_vZp-d-lvam lmPn-bpsS
DS-a--X-bn-ep tImgn-tmSv kwKoXv- temUvPn Hcp U_n dqw
B^o-kn\pw ap-ambn kuP\y \nc-n- Atlw hnp-Xp.
tImgn-tmSv Xs Hcp {]pw hmSI \nc-n Xc-s-Spn.
As\ kk-_o kmbm Zn\-]-{X-ambn XpSn. \nXyhpw
tImn-I hnp. Hpw \mepw t]Pp-I s]mXp hm-Ipw
cmw t]Pn apJ-{]-kw-Khpw aX-kw-_--amb teJ-\-fpw.
aqmw t]Pv kwL-S\m h-I-fp-ambn \n-bnp. tImgn-tmSpw
ae-pdw Pn-bnse ]e `mK--fn-ep-ambn tImn-I {]N-cnp. s]m-

529

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xpsh \ \ne-hmcw ]pen-b-Xn-\m hmb-\-m [mcmfw Dmbn-cpp. ]s, A\n-hm-cy-amb Imc-W--fm A[n-I-Imew XpScm Ign-n-. {][m\ ImcWw km-nI \jvSw Xs. AXv
]cn-l-cn-m amK- Bcm-bm a\v Iqm-m ap Nne
Imc-W-fpw Dmbn. Av apkvenweoKv ]nfv AXn-cq--amb
kwL--\-n-em-bn-cpp. AJn-teym eoKns Bm-\hpw Btem-N\m tbmK-fpw F.hnbpsS kwKoXv- temUvPn-em-bn-cpp.
Ah-cpsS apJyhm-hmb sskZv Da _m^Jn X AhnsS
Xs kZm kabw DmIpw. AXn-\m Ah-cpsS t\Xm-fpw
AhnsS \nXy ki-I-cmWv. Ccp eoKp-I-fnepw apPm-ln-Zp-I cmjv{So-b-ambn In-tNp \npp. Ccp In-I-fnse {]ap-J-mcpw
Fs kplr-p-fpw ]cn-N-b-m-cp-amWv. kk-_o Zn\-]-{Xns D]-tZi kan-Xn-bnse AwK--sfmw AJn-teym eoKnse
F-s hyn-I-fp-amWv. CXv a\-]q-amb Hcp \S-]-Sn-bm-bn-cpn. Rm BZi-_-hpw kplrZv _hpw Fs ho-W-tfm-Sp s]mcp-hpw am{X-amWv ]cn-K-Wn-Xv. ]s, adp-hiw B
\nev ]qW-ambn Dsm-m Xm-dm-bn-cp-n. Rm bqWnb eoKp-Im-c-\m-bnpw Cu \S-]-Sn-bp-m-b-Xn ]epw Aajap-mbn.
cmjv{Sob hm-I-fn apJy-ambn hcp-Xpw hmb-\-m {inp-Xpw eoKns Ccp hn`m-K--fn \np t\Xm--fpsS JWvU\ aWvU-\--fm-bn-cpp. AXv dntmv sNp--Xn In-tNcmsX kqn-t-Xv Hcp henb Xe-th-Z-\-bm-bn-cpp. F{X kqnmepw \oXn-bp-sSbpw kXy-n-sbpw ]cn-[n-bm-Wtm apJyw.
Atm Ccp-Iq--cn \npw ]cm-Xn-Ifpw {]Xn-tj-[-fpw amdn-amdn
hp-sIm-n-cpp. Hkyv hnj-b-n kk-_o Fgp-Xnb
apJ-{]-kwKw AJn-teym eoKns As cmjv{Sob ho-Wn-s\-Xn-cm-bn-cpp. AXv F.hn. A_vZp-d-lvam lmPnsb Atem-kc-s-Spn. Atlw G]n JWvU\w {]kn--s-Spn. t]meokv
\S-]-Sn-Isf kw_-nv Fgp-Xnb asmcp apJ-{]kwKw bqWn-b
eoKp-Imv- {]Xn-tj-[n-m hI-bp--Xmbn. alm-\mb kn.Fv.
apl-Zv tImb kmln_v apJy-a-{n-bm-Ip hm t^mtm klnXw BZy-ambn A-Sn-p-h-Xv kk-_o ]{X-n-em-bn-cpp.
AXv adp-I-nv Atem-k-c-ap-mn. \mn Dbp hcp hm-

530

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

-I s]mSnpw sXm-ep-an-msX {]kn-o-I-cn-p-Xv hmb-\bpsS cpNn hn-n-m DX-Ip--X-m-bn-cpp. BI-msS Xe-th-Z\-Xs. \nXy-amb Xe-th-Z\. kXy-k--ambn aX-{]-t_m-[\w \Sm B{K-ln-p--hv \psS \mn Zn\-]-{X-ns hoYn
A\p-tbm-Py-a-sv A\p-`-h-n sXfnp. Ifhpw ]c-Zq-j-Whpw
Ah-k-c-hm-Zhpw ka-bm-k-abw In-tN-cepw tNcm-Xn-cn-epw Hcp
h-am\ ]{X-ns ioe-am-bn-cn-Ww. Fnte AXv apt-dp-Ibpq. As\ aptdn h-Xns sXfnhpw Rm ]noSv Ip.
Npcp--n hmb-\-mv cpNn-I-c-amb hn`-h- Adnp hnfm \apv Ign-bn-sv a\-n-embn. Fs AXn-tam-l-n
Rm tJZnp. ]{Xw aXn-bm-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]pfn- kt-f\w Ignp. ASp hjw Rm kpDu-Zn-bntev t]mIp-hm Hcpn. ln\v ]s-Sp--W-sav \nv
Dm-bn-cpp. Rm Ad_v ]WvUn-X-mv sImSp hmKvZm\w
Hmp. AXv ]men-m Rm Xs apI-s-Sp--W-sapw
Xocp-am-\np. kulm-sa-m \ni-_vZ-\m-Ip-I-sbtm FXn
In-bpsS BZiw kzoI-cn--W-satm A-an-tm. BZi
`n-X-bn kulmw ]men-p-I-bmWv thXv. AXmZyw Fs
\mn \np Xs-bm-Is Fv IcpXn. XncqmSv Pam-A-p-ImcpsS Iogn {]i-kv-X-amb \ne-bn \S-p-h-cp Cem-ln tImtfPv CXn-mbn Rm sXc-s-Spp. In-nv Rm Hcp Iv
sImSpp. \n-fpsS tImtf-Pn Xulo-Zn\v hncp--amb ]e ]mTfpw hnZymn-Iv \Ip--Xmbn {i-bns]-n-pv. AXv
kw_--ambn Ahn-Ss Aym-]-I-tcmSpw hnZymn-I-tfmSpw
Hcp {]kwKw sNm Rm B{K-ln-pp. kulm-]q-amb
kwhmZw Fp-sImpw A`n-ej
- W
- o-ba
- m-Wtm. {]kw-K
- n\v A\phmZw \Im At]. CXm-bn-cpp Inse D-Sw. Fs
At] \nc-kn--sp. Atm F\nv Hcp hnIrXn tXmn.
Rm Hcp t\mokv Xncqmv hnX-cWw sNbvXp. ASp shnbmgvN Rm Ppap-Av tijw Cem-ln tImtfPv ]n-bn PamA-ns BZi-hy-Xn-bm-\-s-p-dnv {]kw-Kn-p--XmWv. AXv
Hcp {]iv\-am-Ip-atm. IpSpw-_-nse Nne ASp--h Xs AXv
XS-bp-sav Am-Sn-bn ]c-ky-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbn Adnp. Cu
kml-N-cy-n Fs AXn \nv ]nn-cn-n-p-hm \mn-ep

531

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

IpSpw-_m-Zn-I hon shn-bmgvN cmhnse Hp-IqSn. R

kwkmcw XpS-cp--Xn-\n-S-bn ]pfn- \nv laoZv hsn.
Atm \mw IpSpw-_m-Zn-I tNv Hcp Xocp-am\w icn-bm-Ip-I-bn.
]pdv \nv Hcm-fpsS A`n-{]mbw tXSmw. F\npw IpSpw-_-n\pw
th-s laoZv ]d-bs. lao-Zns ta Hcp `mcw sh-Xp-t]mse
A\p- ` - h - s p. A]- t \cw au\- a m- b n- c p- - X n\v tijw laoZv
]dp: ""CXv tIhew Hcp IpSpw_ {]iv\-a. BZi hnj-b-amWv.
]s, acymZ ewLn--cpXv. ]n `mc-hm-ln-I Ppap-Av tijw
{]kw-Kn-m A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bn-sv ]d-m \mw aS-n-tmcWw. AXn\p ]pd-p--h F{X _-s--h-cm-bmepw ]cn-K-Wn-cpXv. \mw Ahsc Iqmbn t\cn-SWw.'' B A`n-{]mbw Fm-hcpw
AwKo-I-cnp. R Hnv ]n-bn-tev \Sp. Fs Afn-b
s{]m^. Fw. Dadpw Dm-bn-cpp. Da Av Ahn-Ss b-Xow-Jm-\-n-n-bpsS sshkv {]kn-U-m-bn-cpp. Da-dns _pnbpw X{]-c-amb \ohpw Gsd t_m[y-s Hcp k`-am-bn-cpp AXv.
ISp- shbn-ev IpSbpw NqSn-bmWv Rm ]n-bn-tev \S-Xv.
CXn-hnsS ]d-bp--Xns {]k-n-sbv Fv \n Btem-Nn-tmw. hgntb ]dbmw. PpapA Ignp. XWw s{]m^. Da
Fgp-tp. Atlw ]dp: ""F\nv Nne Imcy- \n-tfmSv
kwkm-cn-t--Xpv. \psS \mp-Im-c\pw \ap-smw th-s-h-\p-amb Da auehn Cv ln-\mbn ]pd-s-Sp-I-bmWv. Cu ]pWybm-{X-bpsS k`-n At-l-n\v \-tfmSv Nne Imcy-
kwkm-cn-m-\p-sv Alw ]d-bpp. Atlw As\ B{Kln-epw \mw AXv {im-]qw tIp-hm B{K-ln-epw kzm`mhn-I-amb Imcy-am-Wtm. At-ls A\p-h-Zn-p-Ibpw kvt\l]qw bm{X-b-b-p-Ibpw sNt-Xpw \psS IS-a-bm-Ipp. AXn\m Fm-hcpw \ni-_vZ-ambn kl-I-cn-p-hm Rm At]-npp.'' R apIqn m sNm Hcp \o-amWv X-abw
Da-dn \np-m-bXv. Atlw In-n-bpsS sshkv {]kn-U-m-b-Xn\m, F\nv A\p-hmZw \ntj-[n-m\pw Ah Xm-dm-bn. s{]m^. Da Hcp henb {]iv\w Ghpw \b-]-c-ambpw kulm-ambpw
]cy-h-km-\n-n-p-I-bm-bn-cpp.
Rm an-dn-tev Ibdn kemw ]dp. Fm-h-tcmSpw ASpn-cn-m At]-np. A{]-Xo-n-X-ambn BImiw Ccp-fp-Ibpw

532

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

I\ ag s]p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \ shbn Dm-bn-cp--Xn-\mepw

tImtf-Pn-\-I-p ]n-bm-b-Xp-sImpw IpS Bcpw Icp-Xn-bn-cpn. Bpw ]pd-n-d-m km[y-a-m I\ ag! Atm
B ag s]bvXn-n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n hnZymn-Ifpw Aym-]-Icpw
Pam-Av {]h-I-cp-a-Sw _lp-`q-cn-]w ]n-bn \npw
Cd-n-tm-Ip-am-bn-cpp. Rm\pw Ftm-sSmv h-hcpw am{Xambn kZv hfsc ipjvI-am-Ip-Ibpw R ]cn-lm-ky-cm-bn-ocp-Ibpw sNbvtXs\!- As\ A{]-Xo-n-X-amb B ag A\p-{Klhpw A\p-Iq-e-hp-ambn. Rm dn\v kvXpXn ]dp. Rm Ac
aWn-q Ihn-bm \ne-bn {]kw-Knp. Pam-As Ckveman
Xulo-Zn hcp-nb hyXn-bm-\-s-p-dnpw bYm-amb XuloZns A Bi-b-s-p-dnpw kwn-]vX-ambn kZ-ns\
tInp.- hmp-I hfsc kqnpw {inpw Hcp hnj-a-n\v
Bpw CS-bm-Im \ne-bnepw XnIpw BZi-kw-_--amb
hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv Rm \S-n-bXv. {]kwKw Ah-km-\np Rm
an-dn \nn-d-n-b-tm Aym-]-I-cn Nne ASpv hv
Ipiew ]dp. F\nv aq{X-sam-gn-t Bhiyw ]d--tm
Ah Fs B^o-kn-tev Iqn-sm-p-t]mbn Ahn-Ss _mXvdqw ImWn-p-Xp. Fs Bhiyw Ignp.- Rm GXm\pw \nanjw
Ahn-sS-bn-cpp. Ah-cp-ambn bm{X-sb-p-dnpw apw kwkm-cnp.
tijw R kulm-ambn ]ncnp. hopw Hc-pXw! Fs
{]kwKw Ignp an-dn \nn-dn, \nan-j-Iw ag tXmcpIbpw shbn ]-c-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fpw B-cy-tmsS Rm
Hmn-p Hcp ag! Am-lp-hn\v k-kvXp-Xnbpw! Pam-A-p-Im
Bi-b-kw-hmZw kulm-]-c-amb \nev sImp-t]m-Im Xm-dnsv apt] F\nv A\p-`-h-t_m-[y-ap-m-bn-cpp. Hcn-IqSn
AXv sXfnp. Fs Icm Rm ]menp. tijw Rm Fs
{]h\ coXn-bp-ambn aptm-p-t]mbn. Ad_n ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS
kmn-[y-n Hcp Icm Dm-p-tm Ccw Hcp ]cn-]mSn
Fs a\-n m sNbvXn-cpp. AXv Bim-ky-a-m \ne-bn
Iem-in-p-sapw ap]-cn-N-b-n F\nv t_m[y-ap-m-bn-cpp.
]s, kulr-Z-n\v \n_-n--s-Sp-tm CsXmpw apIqdmbn ]d-bp-Xv acym-Z-b-tm. ]s, Fs t\Xm-v CsXmpw Duln-m Ign-bm--Xn Rm Ahsc Ip-s-Sp-p-I-bn.
ImcWw, Fs kz`m-hhpw ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw Hcp kwL-S-\v Dsm-

533

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

m- Ign-bp-X
-
- tm. AXp-sImv Xs-bmWv kwL-S\
- v Rm
Hcp `mchpw kwL-S\ F\n-smcp hop-ap-e
- p-ambn `hn-Xv. H-bm
Fv ]ecpw Fs-p-dnv ]d-p-h
- Xpw CXp-sIm-m-bn-cpp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

64
tNI-\-q aue-hnbpw Rm\pw
Cu IY 1967 Bcw-`n-n-cpp. 1999 a[y-n-emWv CXv Fgp-XpXv. 67\v apv tNI-q F-dn-b-s-Sp A_p lk auehn
apPm-lnZv {]m-\-n kPo-h-ambn Dm-bn-cp-p. kpn-I-fp-ambn \S ]e hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z--fnepw Aehn aue-hn-bpsS klm-bnbmbn {]hn-n-pv. Am-ev FXn-cm-fn-Isf app-Ip-n-m
kXy-n\p \nc-m Nne IpX-{- At-l-n \npw
shfn-hm-bXpw Aehn auehn imkn-Xpw F\n--dnbmw. Av- Xs {]hr-nsb \ymbo-I-cn-p-sImv Cs\ ]d-n-pv. ""Ch-I-tfmSv t\tc hm t\sc t]m F amKw ]p-I-bn auehn''.Aehn aue-hnv Cu \ymbo-I-cWw k-X-am-bn. CXv Bcw-`-n Rm FSpv ]d-Xv Fn-s\v \n a\-n-em-n-bn-cnpw. tNI-\-q-cns kzImcy hoWw XpS--nte Cu coXn-bn-embn-cpp. Atlw apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns Hcp \mhv Bbn Htsd
tPp-I-fn Ac-t-dn-bn-pv. PmanA \Zvhn (FS-h)bn Ip-dp-I-mew Aym-]-I-\mbn Atlw Dm-bn-cpp.
Am-ev tNI-\-q auehn Hcp ]pXnb hmZw ]pd-p-hnp.
{]hm-N-I-\n \nv cv kmn-I D lZo-kp-I am{Xta kzoIcn-mhq. {]Xy--n \ncm-t-]-ambn tXmp Cu hmZw Iptdi-bmbn \psS kl-{]-h-In-S-bn ]cp XpSn. bYm-n aX-cw-Kv CXv XnIpw Hcp \ho\ hmZ-am-bn-cpp. A]ISw aW--dnp tIcf PwC--p Deam Inn IqSn CtX-pdnv N sNbvXp. A`n-{]mb kzmX{yw Kth-jW cwKv ]mSns Nnm-KXn apPm-lnZv {]m-\-n-\n. ]s, Kth-jW Nnv AXn hc-p-I-fpv. Jp-B, \_n-Ncy, ke-^p-kzm-en-lo-fpsS amXrI Fo {]am-W--fnepw Ncn{X ]mT--fnepw Dun
\np sImp Kth-jWw am{Xta kzoIm-cy-amIq. tXmn-b-Xp-

534

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t]mse hnfnp ]d-bm Bpw Ah-Im-i-an. Jp-B hymJym\n-p--Xn CS-a-dp-Ins\-bpw- Iqp-Im-scbpw- t]-msebp-- ssZh
\ntj-[n-Ifpw Dtm. GXm-bmepw \psS {]m\ _phpw
]WvUn-X-\p-sa- \ne-bn tNI-\-q aue-hnv Xs hmZ-apJw sXfn-bn-m ]c-ky-amb Hcp thZn Hcp- Bh-iy-am-sWv PwC-p Dea Xocp-am-\np.
1967 tImgn-tmSv Su lmfn Hcp ]WvUnX skan-\m kwL-Sn-np. tNI-q auehn Xs hmZ-apJw sXfn-bn-m Hcp \o
{]_w Xs Ah-X-cn-np. "cp kmn thW-sa-n,- Hp
aXn' F hmZw sXfn-bn-p-sImv Fs {]nb kplrpw ]WvUnX\pw Ad_n Ihn-bp-amb F.sI. AlvaZv aue-hnbpw {]_w
Ah-X-cn-np. kmn Fp ]d-bp--Xn Ahy--amb Hcp ZpqN-\-bpv. dntm Fp ]d-bp--XmWv icn.
kmam-Pn-I-cpsS Ah-kcw h-tm ]ecpw kwkm-cnp. Fmhcpw tNI-\-q-cns hmZs FXnp-I-bm-bn-cpp. HSp-hn-emWv
Rm kwkm-cn-Xv. hnj-b-kw-_--ambn hf-sc-sbmpw ]Tn-m
F\nv Ah-kcw e`n-n-cp-n. Fnepw D hnhcw shv Rm
Nnnp. Hcp kmn-bp lZo-kp-I Akzo-Im-cy-am-sW hmZw
ZrV-s-Sp-p--h Ckvem-ans i{Xp--fm-sWv Rm ZrV-sSpn Xs AhnsS ]dp. Fs kvt\ln-X-m-cn ]ecpw AXv
Hcp Xo{h-amb A`n-{]m-b-am-bn-tmbn Fv Bi--s-Sp-Ibpw t\cn FtmSv AXv {]I-Sn-n-p-I-bp-ap-mbn. Fs B "Xo{h-amb'
A`n-{]m-b-n\v ]no-Sp ]T\w IqSp-X ZrVX Dm-p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. AXv Rm t\mo-kp-I aptJ\ {]N-cn-np. kk_o- e n- e qsS FgpXn. aX- n Bh- i y- a p Ipsd hnj- b -
]Xv\n-am aptJ\ {]hm-N-I kap-Zm-bs ]Tn-n-n-pv. \_n
bpsS `mcy-amsc ""D-lm-p apAvan\o'' (hnizm-kn-I-fpsS amXm) FmWv dkq Xs hnti-jn-n-Xv. Amlp {]hm-NI\v IqSp-X hnhmlw sNm A\p-h-Zn--Xns Hcp ImcWw CXmsWv Is-m-hp--XmWv. {]hm-N-I-\n \npw `mcy ]eXpw
Ipw tIpw ]Tn-p-t-Sv cm-a-sXm-cm Dm-Ip-I-bn-tm.
Atm tNI-\-q hmZ-{]-Imcw Cu C\-ns]--sXmw X-sSp Ah--bm-Wp-m-IpI. AXv Xs-bm-bn-cpp tNI-\-q auehn-bpsS Dtiyw. AXn-Zp-cq-l-X-bn s]mXn Ipim-{K-_pn!\_nbpsS hntbm-Km-\-cw kzlm-_n-Iv h hnj-b-nepw

535

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-m _pn-app t\cn-m Ah tbmPnv ssIsmn-cp- Hcp \S-]-Sn-bpv. \_nbpsS `mcy-am-cn Btcm-sS-nepw
XZvhn-jb
- I
- a
- mbn \_n {]hn-tXm, ]d-tXm Bb Fsnepw hnhcw \n-fpsS ] Dtm Fv tNmZnpw. ""C-Xp-t]m-sebpv'' Fv Ah-cn \nv adp-]Sn e`n-m {]iv\w Xo-p. ]noSv
At\z-j-W-an. Cu \S-]-Sn-bn kzlm-_n-In-S-bn hntbm-Pnv
{]I-Sn-n--Xmbn tcJ-s-n-n. Cu amKw icn-b-s-pw kzlm-_nIv sXm-bn-tm-b-Xm-sWpw tZymXn-n-p--XmWv tNI-\-q
knmw. aX-cw-Kv kzlm-_n-I-sf-tmse kqvaX Ah-ew-_n
kaqlw thsd-bn. Ghpw {]am-W-s tcJ-bm-WnXv. AXv Xnbm aXw XIp. Hcp hn[zw-k-Is\ kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Ckveman-s\-Xn-cn D]-tbm-Kn-m-hp Ghpw X{-]q-amb Bbp-[amWv tNI-\-q D]-tbm-Kn-Xv. A_q-P-lv-ens hmfn-t\-m aqbpv tNI-\-q-cns Xqen-I-p-n\v. BZy-tXv {]Xy-hpw {]Jym]n-Xh
- p-amb i{Xp. cm-a-s-bm KpW-Imw-n-bpsS sXmn [cnp
\npp. AXn-\p-n hnjw Nop kw DmIpw.
\_n aZo-\-bn-tev lnPvd t]mb tijw ]Xn-\mdp amk-
\a-kvIm-c-n\v Jn_ve ss_p aJv-nkv Bbn-cpp. CXv aZo-\bpsS hSv `mK-amWv. Hcp Znhkw Ak \a-kvIm-c-am-bn-cpp IAv_sb Jn_ve-bmn \a-kvI-cn-Xv.- IAv_ aZo-\-bpsS sXmWv.
DSs\ \_n IAv_bn-tev Xncnp. Cu Pam-A-n ]s-Sp
Hcm akvPnZv Jp_-bpsS `mKv sN-tm AhnsS ]gb coXnbn \a-kvImcw \S-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Atlw hnfnp ]dp:
""Rm dkqtbmsSmw Pam-A-n ]s-Sp-n-mWv hcp-Xv.
AhnsS C-Xp-t]mse kw`-h-ap-mbn'' CXv tI-tm \a-kvI-cnp--h IAv_bpsS `mK-tv Xncnp. \a-kvImcw ]qnbmn. kzlm-_n-I-fpsS kwLw Cu sNbvXXv icn-b-s-m-Wtm
(Hcp kmn dntmv) tNI-\-q hmZn-Xv. Ct-l-s-bm-Wv Nne
hn.sF.]n. Na-bp--hcpw _pn-sImv hymbmaw sNp--hcpw
c-I-\mbn kzoI-cn-n-cn-p-Xv! Das `c-W-Imew. Atlw
Hcn- i-man-tev (kndnb) ]pd-sp. ASp-s-n-b-tm AhnsS tKv _m[-bp-sv Adn-hmbn. Atm Ahn-tSv t]mI-cp-sXv Nne ]dp. Nne t]mIm-sav hmZnp. Btem-N-\m-tbmKw
\Sp. Xocp-am-\-am-bn. Atm A_vZp-d-lvam-\p_v\p Hu^v
hp. At-l-tmSv tNmZnp. Atlw ]dp: ""\_n Cs\

536

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]d-n-cn-pp:- Hcp ev tKv Dm-bm \n Ahn-tSv

bm{X Xncn--cpXv. \n Xma-kn-p ev AXp-m-bm
t]Snv ew hnSp-I-bp-a-cpXv.'' Cu hnhcw Adn--tm {]iv\w
Xop. Da aptm-p bm{X Dt]-np. Hcp hyn-bpsS
dntmm-Wn-hnsS kzoI-cn-Xv. CXv t]mse Htsd kw`-h-!
Cn-j-b-ambn Rm apv kk-_o-en FgpXn. AXn\v tNI-\-qcns "\nco-Ww' amkn-I-bn Atlw adp-]Sn FgpXn. A-mc
iq\yhpw kwkvImc lo\-hp-amb adp-]Sn! Da aue-hnv apl-Zv
\_n-bpsS aWn-bd cl-ky- Xncn \S--emWv tPmen. CXn\v
tbmPn-p coXn-bn-ep Ipsd sXdn-hn-fn-Ifpw. tNI-\-q auehn
Xs \qX\ imkv{X-hp-ambn aptmv t]mbn. \a-kvImcw An
\npw aqmn. t\mv km[m-c-W-mv Bh-iy-ap--X-sv
{]Jym-]np. Aan-X-ambn Xnpw IpSnpw t`mKnpw \S Im-d-_nIsf \nb-{n-p-hm thn-bp-mb t\mv ]mh-s--hv `qjW-a-sv Atlw hmZ-np. ]eni CS-]m-Sp-I lem-emn. lZokv
dntmam-cmb A_q-lp-d-bvd-sb-tm-se-bp {]kn kzlm-_nIsf PqX-m Fv A[n-t-]np. Camw _pJm-cn-sb-tmepw PqXm-cpsS GPmn Nn{Xo-I-cnp. Cs\ Ckvem-an-t\m-Sp Xs
i{XpX Atlw \S-m-n-smv aptm-p-t]mbn. CXn-\nsS \m\m`m-K--fn \npw tNI-\-q-cp-ambn hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v Wn-psImv F\nv Ip-I hp. Fm Inepw In-n-m HpXs. Iho-\ am{Xw amdn-sm-n-cpp.
92 sk]vXw-_-dn kn.Sn. apl-Zv F-bm Iho-\-dmbn hmZ{]-Xn-hm-Z-n\v shp-hn-fn-p Hcp Iv F\nv Inn. dn Pnkv
sambvXp,- tUm. kn.Fw. Ipn (Xncq) XpS-nb Adn-b-s-Sp ]ecpw
B In Hv shn-cpp. Imdn hp-t]m-Im-\p bm{Xm kuIcyw, `Ww, Xmakw Fs kpcm_m[yX XpS-n-b-sXmw
Ah-cpsS hI-bmbn Gm-Sm-m-sav In ]d-n-cpp. Rm
At-l-n\v 191092 adp-]Sn Abp. AXn ]d {][m\
hnjbw CXm-bn-cpp. ""tNI-\-q auehn bYm Ckvem-ans
ITn\ i{Xp-hm-sWv Rm hniz-kn-pp. AXn amw hc-W-san Hcp tNmZy-n\v adp-]Sn InWw. hnip Jp-B-\n Amlp I]n Imcy--fpsS hni-Zo-I-cWw a\p-jyv ]d-p-sIm-Spp-Ibpw AXv {]hn-t cq]w ImWnv sImSpv ]Tn-n-pIbpw sNt Kpcp-\m-Y-\mbn apl-Zv \_nsb AwKo-I-cn-p-hm

537

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tNI-\-q Hcp--aptm?''- AXv Bh-iy-an, Xm ]d-bp cq]-n

a\-n-em-n-bm aXn FmWv At-l-ns \ne-]mSv. AXv sImmWv Cu tNmZyw thn-h-Xv. apl-Zv \_nsb ta ]d
\ne-bn AwKo-I-cn-t-Xv \n_--am-sWv Rm- ZrV-ambn
hniz-kn-pp. apl-Zv \_n Am-lp-hns ZqX-\m-sWv kmyw hln- C-s\-bmWv. ilm-Zv Ien-a-bpsS Xm]-cy-amWnXv. Cu \ne-bn apl-Zv \_nsb AwKo-I-cn-m tNI-\-q
Hcp--aptm, AYhm Ctbm? Dv, C CXn GsXv adp-]Sn
Ab-m ]no-Sp Imcyw Btem-Nnmw. Ins HSp-hn
Cs\ Iqn-tp. ""\n F\nv Im Ab-p-Itbm ap
kuI-cy- Gs-Sp-p-Itbm sNt--Xn. hnhcw Hcp t]mv
ImUn Ab-m aXn. ]m\q-cn (AhnsS \nm-bn-cpp Iv)
Rm hm Fs Imcy- {in-m th{X kvt\ln-X-mcpv. Fs kwc-Ww Fs i{Xp-sf G]n-p hnUvVnb Rm.'' F\nv h Cn-j-b-I-amb Fm Ip-I--pw C{]Im-c-ap adp-]-Sn-bmWv Rm Ab-Xv. Ip-I-fpsS Dd-hnSw amdnsm-n-cn-p--X-msX Fs tNmZy-n\v Hcn-epw adp-]Sn e`nn.- As\ Hcp hj-tmfw Rm Imn-cpp. tijw 1993
sk]v-Xw-_ ew kk-_o-en Rm Hcp teJ\w sImSpp.
tNI-\q- Ckvem-ans ITn\i{Xp -Xs Fm-bn-cpp Xe-s-v-.
Ctm ]d Imcy- AXn hni-Zo-I-cn-n-cn-pp. teJ\w
{]tXyI eLp-te-J-bmn Ign-bp-n-S-tmfw s]mXp-hn-X-cWw
\Sn. Cu teJ-\-amWv ]noSv tNI-\-q-cns\ Xn-sm-p-t]mbn
h[np F tIkn Fs {]Xn-bm-m At-l-ns kl-bm{Xn-I D]-tbm-Kn-Xv. Ckvem-ans ITn\i{Xp F {]tbmKw Ipsd
ISp--am-sWv ]ecpw ]d--Xns\ ]cm-ainv B teJ-\-n
Rm Xmsg ]dbpw {]Imcw FgpXn. ""aqJ ]mns\ ASn-ptm A- X ns apdv ASn- Ww. tNcsb Xp- - X p- t ]mse
Bbm t]mc. Ckvem-ans\ XIm Hcp hf amKhp-ambn
Cd-n-n-cn H-cp- hnj---m-m-WnXv. ]s, F{Xtbm D{K k-fpsS An-Iq-S-- {Zhn-p-In-S-pp,- Ncn-{X-ns J_m\n! Ckvemw Pohn-pp, kPo-h-ambn. Adn-p-sIm-pI.''Cu ]Z-{]-tbm-K- F\n--dn-bm-hp Hcp kmln-Xy-coXn am{XamWv. ]s, tNI-\-q tIkn Fs {]Xn-bm-m X]cI-nI CXv sXfn-hmbn t]meo-kn kanp. Hcp Znhkw ]mXn-cm-hn-

538

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

t\mSv ASp ka-bv Hcp k_-v Ckvs]-IvS t]meo-kp-Im-tcmsSmv Fs hon hp Dd--n \npw hnfn-p-Wn.
tNI-\-q-cn-s\-p-dnv tNmZnp. ]{X-n-eqsS Adn hnhcw am{Xta
F\n-pq Fv Rm ]dp. Fs aq aI _jo Av
hon Dm-bn-cpp. Ah Av Un.C.H. Bbn-cpp. Ah Fgpt-p-hp. \nv hXpw tNmZn-m-\p-s-n D-c-hmZm\v hnfn-n-p-Itbm ]I ka-bv hcn-Itbm BIm-am-bncpp. CXv Hcp ]nSn-In-m-p-nsb Xncn h-Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn-tmbn
Fv aI ]dp. hb-mb, oWn-X-\mb Fs Dd---S-thmsS
I t]meokv DtZym-K- thKw aS-n-tmbn. ]noSv ae-pdw
kn.sF.bpsS Hm^o-kn \npw F\nv hnfn-hp. Rm aI\v
hnhcw sImSpp. Ah ]dp: D t]mI. Rm sNv hnhcw
Adnbmw. Bh-iy-ap-s-n \apv Hcp-anv t]mImw. As\
_jo t]mbn. sN-tm kn.sF. Ahs kl-]m-Tnbpw kplrp-amWv. Atlw kuI-cyw- t]mse Fs hon hp IpsIm-m-sav _jo-dn-t\mSv ]dp. Ipdv \m Ign--tm kn._n.sF. B^o-kn \npw hnfn hp. FS-m-fn Xpdv {]hn-p Ah-cpsS B^o-kn sNp-hm-\mWv D-chv. Av HutZym-KnI IrXy-\n-l-W-ns Xnc-n _jo-dn\v IqsS hcm
Ign-n. Hv t]mIm `mcy k-Xn-n. Fs tPyjvT]p{X
C_vdmlow Ad- XncqmSv Xs-bmWv Xmakw. Ah-s\bpw
Iqn t]mbn. Fm-bn-Spw tNmZyw Hp-Xs. ta ]d {]tbmKw. tNI-\-q-cns\ h[n-m Rm t{]cW \Ip-Itbm t\XrXzw
\Ip-Itbm sNbvX-Xm-bn-mWv At-l-ns A\p-bm-bn-I
Btcm-]n-n-cn-p-Xv. Rm Fs `mKw sXfn-bnp ]dp. tNI\-q auehn Ckvem-ans ITn\ i{Xp-hm-sW-p Fs hnizm-kn\v Hcp Cf--hp-an. ]m-ew Npcpn ]dp. hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ-n\v thn-bp shp-hn-fnbpw Rm \Inb adp-]-Sn-Ifpw ImWnp. ta]-d {]tbm-K-ns kmlnXy `mh-\bpw ]dp.
Fs t\cn Ip kwkm-cn DtZym-K--mv Imcyw t_m[yam-b-Xp-t]mse tXmn. ]noSv Hcn-epw Ah Fs tXSn hn-n. hnfn-n--Xp-an.
Fm tNI-\-q aue-hnsb hon \npw Xn-sm-p-t]mbn
h[n-Xv Bcv sNbvXmepw Bcv sNn-mepw AXv ISp A{I-a-am-

539

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn-tmbn. At-l-ns IpSpw_w A\m-Y-am-Ip-Ibpw Xocm-Zpx-Jnem-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. BZi hntcm-[n-Isf hI-h-cp-p coXn-bmWv
{]iv\-v ]cn-lm-c-amK-ambn sXc-s-Sp-p-sX-n Rm
F{X {]mhiyw h[n--s-SWw?- Rm F{X t]sc sImWw?- Cu
\ne-bn \mw Hmtcm-cp-cpw Nnn-m a\p-jy temIv _mnbp-m-Iptam? sImpw Npw Fmw Xocpw. hyn-I, IpSpw-_, kap-Zm-b-, cmjv{S- Cs\ Hv Btem-Nnp t\mq!
ChnsS Xqen-I-sImpw \mhp-sIm-p-ap Pnlm-ZmWv thXv.
a\p-jy-Nn-sb ]cn-t]m-jn-nv t\h-gnv sImp-h-cp PnlmZv!
Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb BZi kacw. Bbp-[-t-m aq Xqen-I-msWv Rm hniz-kn-pp. tNI\-q-cn-t\mSv am{X-a, Fm BZi
i{Xp--tfmSpw Fs \bw CXmWv. Ign-hn-s\mv Rm AXv \Sn hcp-n-bn-pv. tNI-\-q-cns\ {Iqc-ambn h[n--h-tcbpw AXn\v
t{]c-I-ambn AWn-b-d-bn {]hn--h-tcbpw Ip-]n-Snv amXrIm-]-c-ambn inn--W-sa-mWv Fs Dd A`n-{]mbw. ]s,
hj- Xmnb Cu tIk-v tNI\-q aue-hn-sb-tmse Xs
aa-d-p-t]m-Iptam Fv kwi-bn-m X-hw Zpcq-l-am-bnmWv Imcy- \op-Xv. cmjv{So-bhpw k-p-sa-mw CXns
Nnd-In Bh-iyw -t]mse {]hn-p-p-s-mWv ]d-b-s-SpXv. \psS \mn AsXmpw ApX h-am-\-a-tm.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

65
JmZn-bm-\nkw
{_nojv Khsans krjvSn-bm-WXv. {_no-jp-Im Cy-bnse B[n-]Xyw Dd-n-p--Xn\v Imem-Imew hnhn[ X{- D]tbm-Kn-n-pv. aX-sf krjvSn-pI, kap-Zm-b-sf `nn-n-pI,
Xn ASn-n-pI XpS-nb Ah-k-tcm-Nn-X-amb ]e On{Z{]h--\-fpw Ah \S-n-bn-pv. AXn-sem-mWv JmZn-bm-\nkw.
Hcp km Poh-\-m-c\pw A]-kvamc tcmK-m am\-knI hn-{`mn ]q Hcp Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cpp ao-km Kpemw AlvaZv. Ctls {_no-jp-Im ]mn-emn. Xm {]hm-N-I-\m-sWpw X-\nv
Znhy-k-tiw e`n-p-p-spw Abm {]Jym-]np. Xs Hm-a-

540

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s Znhy kt-i-ambn Cbm ]pdv hn hmIy- Xs {]hm-NI-\mbn Cbmsf \ntbm-Kn tI{s shfn-s-Sp-p--Xm-bn-cpp.
""{_nojv `cWw Cy-bn \ne-\nm {]mn-t-Xv Hmtcm
apkven-an-sbpw \n_ IS-a-bm-Ipp'' Fv Am-lp X\nv hnhcw \In-bn-cn-p-p-shv ao-k P]np. Atlw Fgp-Xn-q-nbXpw Imn-q-n-b-Xp-amb tIm{]m-b- \nc-h-[n-bmWv. Cukm-\_n
acn-p-t]mbn, C\n Xncn-p-h-cp-sa-p apkvenw tem-I-ns hnizm-khpw AXp kw_--amb ip lZo-kp-Ifpw At-lw hymP-amn Xn. B akolv Xm Xs-bm-sWv ao-km P]np.
ao-km Kpemw AlvaZv i]n--s I {]hm-N-I-\m-sWv a\n-em-m Hcp-]mSv sXfn-hp-I tXSn-tm-tI--Xn. BZys
"hlbv' Xs Hm-as sXfnhv. ""Xs P\-X-bpsS `mj-bn
hlbv \In-sm--msX Hcp {]hm-N-I-t\bpw \mw Ab-n-n.''
(-C-_v-dm-low-4)- F Jp-B-\nse hN-\-amWv ASn-m-\-]-c-amb
sXfnhv. At\Iw Jp-B hN-\--fpsS Aw amp-Ibpw Zphym-Jym\w \S-p-Ibpw sNbvX aok-bpsS ZrjvSn Cu hN-\-n
]Xn-bmsX t]mbXv Am-lp-hns {]tXy-I-amb ]cn-]mSn Xs-bmWv. aok-bp-sSbpw At-l-ns P\-X-bp-sSbpw `mj ]m-_nbmWv. ao-k X\nv "hlbv' h-Xmbn P]n-p `mj-I DdpZphpw Cwo-jp-amWv. Hscm hmIyw t]mepw "hlbv' F \ne-bn
]m_n `mj-bn Atlw ]pd-p-hn-n-n. As\ Ign-bm-hn[w ta Bb-ns\ Abm-fn \npw Amlp adp \npIbpw temIm-h-km\w hsc-bp Nnn-p a\-p-Iv sXfnhmbn \ne-\np-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fnpw _pn-Po-hn-If
- mbn Na
Hcp-]mSv Bfp-Isf ]nimNv sIWn-bn hogvn. kzw _pn-bnep AanX hnizmkw A-c-msc Al-m-cn-Ifpw kXy-\n-tj-[nI-fp-amn. sNpw sNehpw sImSpv {_no-jp-Im JmZn-bm-\n-ks hfn. {_ns Xe-m-\-amb e Bm\ tI{-amn
Ah ]c-h-Xm\n hncnp. Alva-Zn-b-m-sf AhnsS IpSn-bn-cpn.
Cpw e Xs-bmWv Alva-Zn-bm--fpsS temI tI{w. AhcpsS temI t\Xm-hns knwlm-k-\hpw e-\n Xs.
apkvenw kaq-l-n Cu i]n--s a\p-jy Dm-nb On{ZX sNdp-X. kzmX{y ka-c-ns i-amb Hgp-n lnp
apkvenw t`Z-at\y Cy P\X Hmbn \op L-n apkv-

541

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

enw-I-fn A-On-{Z-ap-m-p-Ibpw {_ns\ \ncp-]m-[nIw ]np-Wp-Ibpw sNbvX Cu I {]hm-N-Is Ayw alm ]WvUn-X\pw
`-\p-amb auem\m k\m-D-mlv Aar-X-k-cn-bp-am-bp kp{]-kn-amb ap_m-l-e-bn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cpp. B hnjbw \mw apv hnh-cn-npv. aok-bpsS I {]hm-N-I-Xzs P\-v t_m[y-s-Spp-hm h\o-X-\mb Rm Fm Ign-bp-Xv {]hn-n-pv.
t\mokv aptJ\ aok I {]hm-N-I F Xe-s-n hnjbw
P\--fn ]c-am-h[n Fnp. kk-_o-en [mcmfw FgpXn.
Ah-cpsS kXy-Zq-X F amkn-I-bn ITn-\-ambn Rm hnain-sp. 1973 Fd-Wm-Ip-fv \S-nb kk-_o hmjnI
tbmK-n-tev "kXy-Zq-X' ]{Xm-[n-]sc ""aokm {]hm-N-I''
F hnjbw {]kw-Kn-m Wnp. bm{X-n-e-hn\v ]Ww Abp.
kwJy Atlw ssIn. ]noSv aSn Abp. tbmK-n\v hn.
C-s\-sbmw Rm {]hn-Xv Amlp Fn _m[y-X-bmnb Hcp hnj-b-sa \ne-mWv. Am-lpth, \o Fn \nv
kzoI-cn-t-Wta?1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

66
a-kp _nimd
asmcp i]n--s t]cm-WnXv. Ctm AXns Nqcpw aWhpw
sIp-t]mb nXn-bn-emWv. atcn tI{-amn {InkvXy anj-\-dnI Bcw-`n Hcp m]-\-am-WnXv. apkvenw kap-Zm-b-nse Nne
Fn tamln-Isf hne-s-Spv apkvenw t]cp-I-fn Xs Ahsc \ne-\nn m]-\-n\v Ad_n t]cp-I \In kap-Zm-b-n\n-S-bn hnizmk-I hcp-m-\p-ff Aip {ia-ns ^eamWv at-cn-bn hnim-e-amb `q{]-tZ-iv sImpw Ipc-h-bp-ambn
XpS-nb a-kp _nimd! Jp-B Bb-p-I Ad_n sSIvn Xs A-Sn ]pkvX-I-fpw-, eLp-te-J-Ifpw- C-h- {]-kno-I-cn-p. CXymZn \m\m-h-gnpw Ch hnjw hnX-dn-sm-n-cpp.
X ka-bp Xs apPm-lnZv {]m\w kap-Nn-X-ambn Cu hymPq-s t\cnp. F\npw Ah ]pkvX-I-fpw eLp-te-J-Ifpw
Ab-p-Xp. ^mZ- Aehn F Hcp amn-f-\m-a-[m-cn-sb-bmWv

542

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ah ta[m-hn-bmbn cwK-n-dn-n-bXv. Hcp Ad_n Aym-]-I-\mb

A_vZp-d-lvam\pw `mcy Bbn-jbpw ^mZ Ae-hn-bpsS Iqm-fn-I-fmbn-cpp. At\z-j-W-n A_vZp-d-lvam\pw `mcybpw ]Tn-p Imev Fn injy-Xzw D-h-cm-bn-cp-p-shv a\-n-embn. Chsc
Fs\ t\cn-S-W-sav Rm hfsc Btem-Nnp. Fs ho-Wsmv {]-m-\s Inp-I-bn-sv F-\n--dnbmw. Rm
BZy-ambn ^mZ Ae-hnv Hcp I-bp; ""Cukm-\_nv
Amlp Cd-n-sm-Sp C-P-o F {Kw \n-fpsS ]eptm? Fn AXn-s Hcp tImn Ab-p-X-cnI. AXv ]cn-tim[nv `mhn \nW-bnmw. apl-Zv \_nv Amlp Ah-X-cn-n-psIm-Sp hnip Jp-B-\ns tImn hn-]pn hyXymkw
IqSmsX \n-fpsS ]epw D-m-Ip-atm''. Imn-cpp. adp-]-Sn-bn. Atm Fs injy-\m-bn-cp A_vZp-d-lvam amv FgpXn. ""AXv R-fpsS ssIh-i-apv,- Ab-p--XmWv.'' Fv adp-]Sn
Inn. t]mn hXv ss_-_n-fns Hcp ae-bmfw ]Xn-m-bn-cpp.
Iq-n GXm\pw Ad_n t]cn-ep eLp-te-J-Ifpw. Rm hopw FgpXn. ""temIv 64 hyXykvX cq]--fn-ep ss__n-fp-Ifp-s-mWv Adnhv. AsXm-s tbip-hns injy-m FgpXn
Dm-n-btXm, injy-m-cpsS t]cn ap--h \nn-tXm BIpp. AXn s] HmWv \n F\n--b-Xv. F\nv thXv,
Amlp Cukm-\-_nv Ah-X-cn-n-p-sIm-Sp thZ-{K--amWv.''
adp-]-Sn-bn.
Rm Znh-k--tfmfw Btem-Nnp. HSp-hn at-cn-bn sNp.
A_vZp-d-lvam Xma-kn-p hoSv At\z-jnp Isn. hon
Abm Dm-bn-cp-n.- `mcy Fs kzoI-cn-n-cpn. Rm h
hnhcw ]dp. ""Cukm-\-_nv Amlp Cd-n-sm-Sp thZw
\ns `mhv F\nv Xcm-sav ]d-n-cpp.- AXv hmm
h-XmWv.'' B s]v Hpw ann-bn. Atlw hcm sshIpw
Fp am{Xw ]dp. hp Int Rm t]mIq Fv Rm\pw
]dp. B s]v Fs IpSn-m\pw Xnm\pw t{]cn-np. B
tImn Inn-bn--msX ChnsS \npw shw t]mepw Rm IpSn-pI-bn-sv Rm ]dp. Ipsd Ign--tm Akdv \a-kvIm-cn\v ka-b-ambn. hpfq sNm shw tNmZnp.- Ah Xp.
Ahn-sS-Xs \a-kvI-cnp. tijw \a-kvI-cn ev hcm--bn

543

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

InSp. B kv{Xo BI-msS hnj-anp. Fsbpw Fs kz`mhpw

Ahv t\cs Adnbmw. Ipsd Ign--tm A_vZp-d-lvam
Fn. Fs I-tXmsS Hcp sR-ep-mbn. AXv ad-p-shp
_lp-am\w {]I-Sn-np. Rm h Imcyw ]dp. ""B thZ-{Kw
InmsX Rm t]mIp {]iv\-an. Rm Cu hcm--bn InSpw.
temI-a-dn-bs. As-n A-s\-sbmv R-fpsS ssIh-i-an
Fv Fgp-Xn--cWw.'' Abm-fpsS Atm-gs Ah Hmv
Rm ]e-tmgpw kzbw Nncn-p-Ibpw kplr-p--fp-ambn B
kw`hw ]v shp-sImv ckn-p-Ibpw sNp-am-bn-cpp. aKvcn_ns kabw Fn. hopw hpfq sNbvXp. AhnsS Xs \a-kvIcnp. Fs Fs\ AhnsS \nv Hgn-hm-p-sa Nn-bn
Abm Gsd hnj--\mbn. F\nv AhnsS Xma-kn-m ]p-I-bntm. Ipsd Ignp Rm _mKp-ambn Fgp-tp. ""\n-fpsS amm hnNm-cn-m t]mepw AXn\v Ign-bn. ]s, \n-fpsS Almcw Hv Xmsg Cd--W-sa-p Dt-iy-am-bn-cpp F\nv. Fm Hcp Imcyw \n k-Xn-Ww. Rm tbmKw kwL-Sn-npw. \nv Ww Abpw. Cukm \_n ssZh-]p-{X-\m-sW-Xm-Wtm \n-fpsS k {][m-\-amb knmw. B hnjbw
kan-p-sImv \n kwkm-cn-Ww Fv Rm ]dp.
GXv hnt[-\bpw Fs Hgn-hm--W-atm. R Btem-Nnp
thXv sNmw a\-nm a\-tmsS ]dp Abm c-s-Sp-Ibm-bn-cpp.
Rm Xncn-p-h tijw Hcp Znhkw Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn t]mbn.
Fs B-an-{X-amb Fw.sI. lmPnsb Ip hnhcw ]dp.
Atlw Hcp bphm-hn-s\-tmse Bth-i-`-cn-X-\mbn. tbmKw kwL-Snnmw Fv Gp. Ftmgpw Fs Fm \o-pw \ntem`w
]np-Wbpw t{]mm-l-\hpw \Ip tUm. Dkvam kmln-_ns\
hon t]mbn Iv hnhcw ]dp. At-lhpw k-Xnp. As\
tbmKw Fw.sI. lmPn-bpsS Ay--X-bn Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn Xs
tNcm Xocp-am-\np. ]ckyw sNbvXp. _nim-d-mv W-a-bp.
apPm-lnZv t\Xm-pw ]WvUn-X
- mpw I-bp. tbmK-Zn-hkw
Fn. [mcmfw t] Fn-tp. `ocp--fmb _nim-d-m hn.
Fm Bib Zmcn-{Zy-ns hm-fpw C-s\-bmWv. ]s,
F\nv asmcp ZpxJ-ap-mbn. Fs Dkvam tUmIvS hn.
Atlw Av sI.F.Fw. {]kn-U-mWv. Rm t\cs ]d-p-

544

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

htm.- {]m\w Fs ASn hngp-p-I-bn. Ah-cpsS sXmbn XSbpw. F\nv ]cm-Xn-bn. Rm Btcbpw Hn-\p-th-nbpw
Imp-\n-n. Nne-tm Nne Imcy-v Ah kl-I-cnpw.
Rm ktm-jnpw. ]e-tmgpw AXv Da aue-hn-bpsS kzw
Gm-SmWv.- AXn \ IqSn-bm Hn Fv ]dp Hgnbpw.
Rm \ncm-i-s-Sp-I-bn. {]Xn-tj-[n-p-I-bp-an. ChnsS F\nv
ZpxJ-ap-m-bXv tUm. Dkvams\ Rm {]Xo-np. tamlnp. AXv
F\nv At-l-tmSpw Xn-cn-p At-l-n\pw Dm-bn-cp _am-bn-cpp. ]s, {]m-\-ns ]cn-an-Xn-bn At-l-n\v HXptn h-Xm-bn-cnmw. tbmK-n {]kw-Kn-m Rm am{X-tabpq. lmPn kmln_v {]mkw-K-I-\-tm. Atm Fs ApX-m Bm-Zn-n-p-sImv sI.F.Fw. Akn. sk{I-dn Aen
A_vZp-d-kmJv aZ\n Ahn-sS-sbn. Atlw t{imXm-hmbn hXmWv. ]s, Ah I-dnp Atlw kzbw Xm-dmbn hp
tbmK-n {]kw-Knp. As\ tbmKw `wKn-bmbn \Sp. Fm
{]m\w _nim-d-msc in-bmbn t\cnp. Ah Xfp. ]ns
XI-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.- alm-bp-h-{]-Xn-`-bmb Fw.Fw. AIv_-dns cwK{]-th-i\
- t- msS _nimd am{X-a, Ahv ]nd-In-en-cpv NcSv henp {InkvXy ]utcm-ln-Xyhpw Xfp. _nim-d-bpsS t_mUSw Fmw A{]-Xy--ambn. ^mZ Ae-hnbpw Iqcpw cmPyw hnp.
aZn-cm-in-bntem atm t]mbn X-Sn-p-sh-mWv tIhn. Ctm
_nim-d-bpsS ew hnm-\p {ia-n-em-sW-mWv tIhn.
Fm-bmepw \psS {]Xn-tcm[ {]h-\-v kap-Zm-b-ns
sam-amb [mnI ]np-W-bp-m-bn-cp-p-sh Imcyw {]tXyIw
]d-tb-Xp Xs-bmWv. Zp-e-\mb Cu Rm\pw Fm Ign-bpXv sNbvXp. Amlp kzoI-cn-p-am-dm-Is.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

67
BZy Uln bm{X
ASn-b-n-cm-h-bvv tijw \S s]mXp sXc-s-Sp-n
tIm{Kk-pw Cn-cm-Km-nbpw Xd-]n. A-hn-th-I-]q--am-b- \n-e]m-Sp-I-fpw- \yq\-]----v t\-sc- D-tc-y-bn A-gn-p-hn--

545

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ISp ]oU-\hpw apkvenw-Isf am{X-a, \oXn-\n-jvTcpw \njv]-cp-amb lnp--sfbpw Akw-Xr-]vX-cmn. P\kw-L-n\v hnnSmsX hnf-sh-Sp-m Innb Akp-e-`m-h-k-c-am-bn-cpp Cu ImeLw. Pb-{]-Imiv \mcm-b-W\pw BNmcy Ir]-em-\nbpw Cy
kzmX-{y-k-a-c-ns Av Pohn-n-cp i-cmb tXcm-fn-I-fm-bncp-p-htm. Ahcpw Pbnhmkw A\p-`-hnp. P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw ]{Xkzm-X{y-a-S--ap apgp-h ]u-cm-h-Im-i-fpw ]p\x-m-]n-pI
F Blzm-\-hp-ambn.- {]Xn-]-- Hnp tNp. Pb-{]-Imiv
Ahsc H In-bmn. P\-Xm ]mn F t]cn. Cn-cm-Kmn
]pd- m- nb tIm{K- nse htXm- p- I CXns]- S pp.
samdmPn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n {]K--cmb cmjv{Sob `c-W-X-{ tN tI{-`-cWw \ne-hn hp. Cy P\X ]pdw-Imep-sImv Nhn-n-amn \nn-bn-cp hKo-b- ^mknv {]m-\amb P\-kwLw BZy-ambn tI{-`-c-W-nse ]m-fn-I-fmbn. hmPvt]bpw AUzm-\nbpw tI{ Iym_n-\-n- hp. hnv hnX-bv-m
Cu hnf-sh-Spv Cysb Ah-cpsS ssI-n-Sn-bn HXp-m klmbnp. AXm- W tm ]noSv _m_cn akv P n- Z ns XIpw
XpSp hKob {[pho-I-c-W-n\pw If-sam-cp-n-bXv.
Cu `c-W-Im-e-mWv Uln-bnse kpDuZn Fw_-kn-bn
\npw F\nv Hcp sSe{Kmw Inn-bXv. ASn-b-n-c-ambn Ahn-sS-sbm-\m-bn-cpp ktiw. AXn\v apv Uln-bn t]mbn-n. Cybn FhnsS t]mbmepw Fs thjw Hp-Xs
- -bmWv. \n kZm
ImWp thjw. sh-- Xp-Wn-bpw- Ip-m-b-hpw- tXmfn Hcp knbpw AXn cp tPmUn appw jpw. F\nv AXv aXn-bmIpw.
Nne-tm Hcp _mKpw In-se-Sppw. AXn t^m \ ASp Ub-dnbpw Nne eLp-te-J-Ifpw t\mo-kp-Ifpw Nne ]pkvX-I-fp-ap-mIpw. t\mokpw eLp-te-J-Ifpw sNp-t-S-smw
sImSppw. thW-sa-n do {]n v sNbvXp-sIm-m ]dbpw. As\-bmWv Cu t\mokv auehn bm{X sNm-dp-Xv. hntZ-iv t]mbm thj-n Hcp am-ap-mIpw. Ad-_n-I [cn-p Hcp \ofp-mbw [-cn-pw.sImn-bn-sen _m_p tkp-hn-t\mSpw kmte tkp-hn-t\mSpw
Btem-Nn--tm C_vdmlow kpsse-am tkv Uln-bn-epv,Atlw th Hmi sNpw F-dnp. kmte tkv At-l-

546

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

s hnfnp ]d-bm-sapw ]dp. B ss[cy-n\v Rm t]mbn.

Uln-bn-sen kpsse-am tkp-hns \-dn hnfnp. Atlw hon-en. Hcp ae-bmfn Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cpp. Ftm tkv hcpsav Abmpw Adn-bn. Rm BsI hnj-a-n-embn. ew
]cn-N-b-an. `mj Adn-bn. Ddp-Zphpw Cwojpw AhnsS AXym-h-iyam-Wtm. F\nv ae-bm-fhpw Ad-_nbpw am{X-at hi-apq.
ImgvN-bn ae-bm-fn-Isf a\-n-em-m hnjaw. Fm-hcpw ]mpw
j-pw. As-n Ppbpw Ipbpw. Rm Hcp A-hp-an-msX
^pSv]m-n-eqsS \S-p-I-bmWv. Hcp SmIvkn ]nSn-m hgn ]d-psIm-Sp-m t]mepw Adn-bn. {]mn-p-sImv \Sp. Fs
{]m\ dv kzoI-cnp. AXm, ]nn \npw bmssiJv Da
Fv hnfn!- Xncn-p-t\m-n-b-tm Fs {]nb kplrpw Alvse lZokv sk{I--dn-bp-amb auem\m A_vZp laoZv dlvam\n
InX-p-sImv AXn-thKw Fs-b-Sp--tev hcn-I-bmWv. Rm
dns\ kvXpXnp. Atlw Fs Bt-jnp. Rm AXn-tesd
Bm-Znp. hfsc \mv tijw At-l-hp-ambn Ip-ap-n-b-XmWv.
AXv Cu hn[-nepw IqSn Bbm Xpn-m-Sp-I-bm-Wtm sNtXv. ]t, Rm NmSn-bn. a\v Xpn--fnp.
Atlw Fs Xs Xmak e-tv Iqn-sm-p-t]mbn.
Ipfnp `Ww Ignv hn{i-anp. Fs kpDuZn Fw_-kn-bn
Iqn-sIm-p-t]mbn. auem-\mv AhnsS Bh-iy-n\v ]cn-N-b-ap-Xv IqSp-X klm-b-I-ambn. Ahn-Ss Imcy- thKw ]qnbmbn. Zmdp C^vXmC \np Fs \nb-a\w kw_-n
Nne Imcy--fm-bn-cpp AXv. Ignv ]pd-n-d-n-b-tm auem\
]dp. \apv Hcp henb e-tv t]mImw. Rm A-cp.
Atlw ]dp. tI{ Iym_n-\-nse {]ap-J-\mb Fv.Fw. _lpKpW Fs \ kplr-mWv. Atlw apkvenw-I-fp-ambn _-sSm B{K-ln-p--bm-fmWv. Rm t^mWn _-sv \n-sfp-dnv ]dp. At-l-n\v \nsf ImW-W-sav B{Klw ]dp. ]S--ht\ CsX-smcp ]pXpa! As\ R Imdn
_lp-Kp-W-bpsS _wm-hn-sen. auem\ dlvam-\nsb dnk-]vj-\nen-cn-p DtZym-K-pw Imh \np KmUp-Ipw ]cnN-ba
- p-sv Ahn-sS-sb-n-b-tm a\-n-embn. Ah At-ls
_lp-am-\-]qw A`n-hmZyw sNp-p-m-bn-cpp. Fs XmSnbpw

547

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Xe-mhpw I-tm Iq-n F\npw AXv Inn. R AIv ISp. hnim-e-amb at\m-l-c-amb kzoI-cW apdn-bn-en-cpp.
A]w Ign--tm a{n _lp-KpW AI-p-\npw Nncn-psImpw kemw ]d-p-sImpw hp. auem\m dlvam-\nsb AWp-]n-Snp. tijw auem\ Fs ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-m Hcp-p--Xn\v
apv Xs _lp-KpW Fs kvt\l-]qw Bt-jnp. Rm
Ap-X-ns At-X-e- Fnb Hcp A\p-`hw! apkvenw
]WvUn-X-msc At-l-n\v henb Imcy-am-Ws{X! auem\m Zzn`mjn-bmbn Rm teiw kwkm-cnp. kpDu-Zn-bn F\n-p _-sf-p-dnv auem\ a{nsb [cn-n--tm Atlw Gsd kpjvS-\mbpw IqSp-X BZ-chv ]pep--Xmbpw A\p-`-h-sp. HSphn Atlw FtmSv ]dp Cv cm{Xn \apv Hcp-anv `Ww
Ign-Ww. Rm Wn-pp. \n ]dp Xncn-p-t]mp. Wa-\p-k-cnv R cm{Xn hopw _lp-Kp-W-bpsS _wm-hn t]mbn. At-l-tm-sSmw `Ww Ignp. Hcp \ kplr-n-s\- t]mse Fs k-cnp. ]eXpw kwkm-cnp. km-c-n\v t]mIpw
apv sImn-bn-tev aS-m-bm-{X-bvp hnam\ Sn-ns Imcyw
At\z-jn-n-cpp. aqm-gvN-tv B hnjbw \S-p-I-bn-s-mWv
a\-n-em-bXv. F\nv DSs\ aS-n-h-tc AXym-h-iy-ap-m-bn-cp-Xn-\m-emWv hnam-\-bm-{X-sb-p-dnv Xs Xnc-n-bXv. Fs
kplrv auem\m dlvam\n ]dp:- ""\n t_Pm-dm-tI,- \apv hgn-bp-mmw.'' a{n-bp-ambn `Ww Ign-p--Xn-\n-S-bn
auem\m Cu Imcyw At-l-tmSv ]dp. XWw Atlw
Xs sk{I--dn-tbmSv \nt-inp \msfv Snv Gm-Sm-m.
AXv DSs\ icn-bmbn. kmcw Ignp Ipdv kabw h-am\-nepw hn{i-a-n-ep-ambn Ignp. F{X kvt\l-_-lp-am-\-tmsS-bmWv Atlw Rsf bm{X-bm-n-bXv! Uln-bn Ftm
hmepw Xs _-s-S-W-sav ]d-p-sImv Hcp kzImcy
sSe-t^m \dpw Xp. aS-n-tm-cp-tm Rm auem-\-tbmSv
]dp: ""_lp-KpW F{X \ A_q-Xzm-en_v!-'' auem\ s]mn-ncnp. ""\n-fpsS D-]-a- \qdp iX-am\w icn-Xs.'' As\ Ulnbn BZy-ambn sNv, Btcm-cp-an-msX- t_Pm-dmbn, ^pSv]m-n-eqsS Aep \S Rm dns A\p-{K-l-m hfsc Db
\ne-bn-ep kwc--Whpw ]cn-N-c-Whpw e`n \ne-bn \mn

548

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

aS-n-sbn. hS-t-bn-y-bn bp.]n, _olm, alm-cmjv{S, I XpS-nb {]tZ-i--fnepw sslZ-cm-_mZv, _mwq, aZn-cmin,
awK-em-]pcw, tImb--q, tkew XpS-nb sXt-bn-y ]-W-fnepw Rm ]e-tmgpw bm{X sNbvXn-pv. Ahn-Nm-cn-X-ambn ]e
DX hyn-I-tfbpw CXp-t]mse ]cn-N-b-s-n-pv. ]s, B
_- ]noSv XpSv t]mIm Ign-n. ImcWw `mj-bpsS
]cn-anXn Xs.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

68
bm{X-bnse \pdp-p-I
85se lv Imev a-tv sNm D-chv Inn-bXv
Pqembv 24\v Bbn-cpp. Ad_n amkw ZpJAvZv Av. ASp
Znhkw Xs Uln-bnse kpDuZn Fbssekn \npw Hcp
In Inn. DSs\ hcnI, \n-fpsS Snv Chn-sS-bpv. BKv 5\v
\n av FWw. Fs ]mkvt]mv t\mn-b-tm Pqsse 14\v AXns Imem-h[n Ign-n-cpp. A{i- -Xs. C\n
]pXp-n-n-p-I-bn. ]pXnb ]mkvt]mv Xs FSp-Ww. Rm
Xncp-h-\--]p-cv t]mbn. Fs kvt\ln-X koXn-lmPn Fw.F.Fsb Ip.
hnjbw ]d-bp--Xn\v apv koXn-lm-Pn-sb-p-dnv cv hmv
A\p-kva-cn-msX Fs\ XpScpw. koXn-lmPn Hcp kvt\ln-X
am{X-a, R-fpsS \ BZi-_-phpw {]m-\-ns Da
KpW-Imw-n-bp-am-bn-cpp. PmanA \Zvhn (FS-h) F m]\-ns Hcp cm-[n-Imcn Xs-bm-bn-cpp koXn-lmPn. AXn-kaY-\mb cmjv{So-b-m-c\pw alm-\mb kn.Fns Ghpw ASp
A\p-bm-bn-bp-ambn hn Atlw cmjv{So-b-n ]b-m ]cnio-e\w t\Sn-bXv AlvaZv Ipcn--fn \nm-bn-cpp Fv tInpv. apkvenw-eoKv cmbn ]nf ZpLS L-n kn.-Fns
hew-ssI-b-mbn ]mn-bpsS in Dd-n-p--Xn\v At-lw ITn-\ambn bXv\n-n-pv. Fpw t\cn-Sm-\p a\--cp-mWv koXn-lmPn-bpsS Ghpw henb kv. FXn-cm-fn-Isf t\cn-Sp-tm Atlw ImWn-p Xo{h-Xbpw D]-tbm-Kn-p Nne {]-tbm-K-fpw

549

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

F\nv Nne-tm-sgms hnj-a-ap-mn-bn-pv. Rm Hgn-p-Innb Hcp k`-n AXv kqNn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atm
At-lw Nncnpw. ""P\-sf In-sem-Xpn \nm Cu s\dnsI cmjv{Sob bp-n Nne s]mSn-ss-I IqSmsX Hp-Ibn auehn. \psS \nv \-XmWv. Amlp s]mdp-p-X-cm-Xncn-p-I-bn. Rm AXn\v ZpB sNm-dpv. aue-hnbpw {]m-nWw.'' Rm \ni-_vZ-\m-bn-tmbn.
Am-ev tIcf cmjv{So-b-nse Hcp ZmZm F \ne-bn-emWv
koXn-lmPn Adn-b-s-n-cp-Xv. `uXnI hnZym-`ym-k-n Ftm teiw t`Z-am-bn-cpp. Hcn- Hcp henb s]mXp-tbm-K-n
koXn-lmPn {]kw-K-aty ]dp. amIvkn-p-Im F\nv hnZym`ym-k-an-sv \nc-cw Bt-]n-p-I-bmWv. AXp-sImv Fs
Un{Kn Fm-hcpw Adn-n-cn-Ww. F.]nbmWv Fs _ncpZw.
AXm-bXv temI-]-cn-Nbw. kZv HmsI s]mn-n-cnp. ]pfn-
shp \S apPm-lnZv kwm\ kt-f-\-n {]kw-Kn-th
koXn-lmPn ]dp: ""Fs knc-I-fn HmSp cw apPm-ln-Zns
c-amWv.'' CXv ASp sXc-s-Sp-n koXn-lm-Pn-s-Xn-cn
kpn-I Bbp-[-am-n-sb-Spp. alm`qcn-]w kpn thmamcp sIm-tmn \ntbm-PI aWvU-e-n kpn apkven-bm-
h {]Nm-cWw \Sn. koXn-lm-Pn-bpsS B-hn-izmkw A]m-c-ambn-cpp. ""sIm-tmn Ds-n koXn Pbnpw.'' Fm-bn-cpp
At-l-ns {]Xn-I-cWw. apIm-e-t-m IqSp-X `qcn-]w
t\Sn Atlw Pbnp. Hcp P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-sb \ne-bn Atlw
ImgvN-sh \nkzm tkh-\-amWv Cu hnP-b-n\v ImcWw.
FXnp-I-fpsS h`nn-I XIv Ib-dp-Xv Fpw At-ln\v lc-am-bn-cpp. HSp-hn Iymk F almtcmKw Atls Iog-Sn. Amlp At-l-n\v s]mdp-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw
c \Ip-Ibpw sNs.
Rm Fs ]mkvt]mv hnj-bhpw kpDu-Zn-bn-tev ASn-b-nc-ambn t]mtI Bh-iyhpw koXn-lm-Pnsb [cn-np. Atlw
Fs t]meokv sF.PnbpsS ASp- Iqn-smv t]mbn.- ]pXnb ]mkvt]mv Inn. BKv aqn\v Rm Ulnv t]mbn. Cu
bm{X-bn ]e-cp-sSbpw klm-b-ap-mbn. Fmw \n-]qw kvacnpp. lmPn-amv D]-tZiw \Ip Ihyw \n-ln-p-sIm-

550

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

v Rm a-bn Ign-p-Iqn. lv Ignp cmgvN ]nn--tm Fs Zmdp C^vXm-Cs B^o-kn-tev hnfn-np. sk{I-dn
]dp; bp.F.C,- J, dnbmZv, Zmw, Pn XpS-nb e--fn
\nsmw ChnsS t^m hnfn-hp. \n acn--Xmbn Innb
hnhcw nco-I-cn-m-\m-bn-cpp Fm hnfnbpw. FmWv kw`-hnXv? Cu hm tImgn-tmSv apPm-lnZv sk-dn hXpw AhnsS
\npw sSe-Ivkv hgnbpw t^m aptJ-\bpw ]te-S--fn At\zjWw \S-n-bXpw HSp-hn Rm hop-Im-cp-ambn t\cnp _-s-Xp-samw sk{I--dn-tbmSv ]dp. Ahn-sS-bp--h-scmw Ap-Xs-Sp-Ibpw F\nv thn {]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. GXm-bmepw
acn-msX Ign-bn-tm. Amlp \psS acWw \mn-cs. acW-tijw IjvS-s-Sp--h-cpsS Iq-n Amlp \s Ds-Spm-Xn-cn-s. a-bn an hJvXp-I-fnepw anv \a-kvImcw DmIpw. As\ \a-kvIc
- n k`-f
- n ]Xn-\m-bn-c
- ]s-Spp--Xmbn A\p-`-h-apv. Atm CXp-t]mse Hcp `mKyw \tIWta Fv Rm {]mn-n-pv. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
sk]vXw-_ ay-n Rm Uln-bn aS-n-sbn. Snv
AhnsS \nm-bn-cpp. Uln-bn h tijw Aeo-K-dn t]m-bn.
Aeo-K bqWn-th-gvknn It{Sm-f F. sambvXo kmln-_ns\
ImtW--Xp-m-bn-cp. dnbm-Zn sSen-I-yq-Wn-t-j-\n Db
DtZymKw hln-n-cp ae-pdw kztZ-inbpw Ctm ]m-n-m
]uc-\p-amb apl--Zen aplvbn-o Fs Hcp ]gb kplr-mWv.
Atlw cNn-Xpw \yqtbmnse Hcp ]n-jnv lukv {]kn-oI-cn--Xp-amb Hcp Cwojv {K-apv. aX- Xn-ep Xmc-Xay
]T-\-amWv hnjbw. B {Kw Aeo-K bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bn D]tbm-K-s-Sp-m ]ptam Fv sambvXo kmln-_n-t\mSv BtemNn-p--Xn-\mWv AhnsS t]mbXv. hnj-b-ns alXzhp-w cN-bnXmhv Fs {]tXyI kplr-p-amb \nev {Kw IqSp-X {]N-cn-s-sbv Rm Binp. ]pkvXIw hcpn ]cn-tim-[n-s
Fv sambvXo kmln_v ]dp. ]noSv Fm-sbv Adn-bn.
Aeo-K bqWn-th-gvknn kin--tm apv AXn-s\-n tI-Xnt\-m hfsc \m-bn-mWv IXv. Aym-]-I-cnepw hnZymn-Ifnepw bYmY- aX-kvt\-ln-I [mcm-f-apv. ]{v henb tlm-ep-I, Hmtcm-n\pw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw ]n-I, Fm-bn-S-pw

551

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ap-t\cw \a-kvIm-c-hp-apv. Hmtcm ]n-bnepw {]tXyIw Cam-apI-sfbpw \n-bn-n-pv. Alvse lZo-kns hI-bmbn Hcp ]n
AhnsS \nn-p-hm Hcp-p--Xmbn Adnp. bqWn-th-gvknnv ]pdv Alvse lZokv akvPn-Zpv. AhnsS Rm Ad-_nbn {]kw-Kn-p-Ibpw JXz-o_v D-Zp-hn ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
]noSv Rm Iivao-cn t]mbn. Fw.Fw. aplvbn-o \Zvhn (FSh) IqsS-bp-m-bn-cpp. a-bnepw aZo-\-bnepw shv ]cn-N-b-s
kvt\ln-X-m F\n--hn-sS-bp-m-bn-cpp. ]ecpw Iivao-cn-tev
Fs Wn-n-cpp. Fkv.sI. s]m-m-Sns Hcp ]pkvXIw sNdp-n hmbn--tm Iivao ImWm henb Bi tXmn-bncpp. Cu bm{X-sb-p-dnv Fw.Fw. \Zvhn i_m-_n Fgp-Xn-bn-cpp. AXn s]Sm Hcp Imcy-am-Wn-hnsS ]d-bp-Xv. Fs Hcp
ASp kplr-m-bn-cpp Kpemw \_n lmdq-. Alvte lZo-kns t\Xm-hmWv. Cu Xcw Ckvem-an-I-a-m t]cp-I Ahn-sS-fn [mcm-f-apv. amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS aX-]-c-amb hnh-c-tSv a
Npa-m hn[n--s-n-cn-pp. Uln-bn sImWmv sskn
henb I-h-S-m-c-\mWv. At-lhpw Fs Wn-n-cpp. Rm
AhnsS sN-tm At-lhpw AXp-t]mse Xs ASp kplrm-bn-cp auehn \qdp-o kmln_pw ac-W-s-n-cn-pp. (Amlp Ccp-hpw aKv^n-dv \Is).- cp-t]-cp-sSbpw hoSp-I R kinp. lmdq- kmln-_ns hon sN-tm-gmWv Atl-ns ]nXmhv Xte-m ac-W-s hnhcw Adn-Xv. XAvknb-n\p thn AhnsS Hcp-anv tN Ipsd t]tcm-sSmv R At-l-ns J_-dn-\-Spv t]mbn. Rm J_-dp-I-fn {]tXyIw anv \a-kvImcw \n-lnp. AhnsS AsXmcp ]pXnb
ImgvN-bm-bn-cpp. \_n Cs\ J_-dp-I-fn \a-kvI-cn hnhcw
Rm Ahv ]d-p-sIm-Spp. J_m-\n Ip-Im-en-I
tabp-Xpw \mb-I hnl-cn-p-Xpw Bfp-I \S-m D]-tbmKn-p-Xpw I-tm hnjaw tXmn. Rm Ah-tcmSv D]-tZinp. J_m-\n\v Nppw aXnsIn Cu hgn-I-sfmw AS--Wsapw ]dp. Ah AXv kzoI-cnp. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.
Iivao-cn \npw aS-n-b -ti-jw _wKm-fn-tebpw _olm-dn-tebpw Nne e--fn k-cnp. Alvse lZo-kns m]-\-

552

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kin-p-Ibpw Nne tbmK--fn kw_-nv Ad-_n-bn {]kwKn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. D-Zp-hn Ah ]cn`mj sNp-I-bp-mbn.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

69
emtlm ki\w
a-bn shv ]cn-N-b-s [mcmfw kvt\ln-X-m emtlm-dn
F\n-pv. ]ecpw Fs Atmv Wn-n-cpp. ]m-n-m-\nte-v hnk Inm hfsc {]bm-k-am-sW-mWv tIn-cp-Xv. P\p-hcn-bn-em-WnXv. ]s, Rm {ian--tm Hcp {]bm-khpw A\p-`-hs-n. F-kn-bn sNv t^mdw hmn ]qcn-nv \mep t^mtmI-tfmsS sImSpp. ]ntv hnk Inn. 18 cq] ^okv. thsd Hcp
\mn-tepw C{X Ffp--n hnk Inp-I-bn. Xoh-n-bn-em-sWn Av 50 tUmfdpw hnam-\-n-em-sW-n 500 tUmfdpw A\p-hZn-p-p-m-bn-cpp. \mSv ImWm-\p B{Klw \nanw Rm
Xohn sXc-s-Spp. Aar-X-k Ignv Amdn F AXn-n {Kma-n-se-n-b-tm Iwkv ]cn-tim-[-\-bp-mbn. bm{Xm [mcmfw kmam-\--fp-ambn t]mIp--Xn-\m aWn-q-dp-I
Imp-\nt-n-hp. hn CfIn Ac aWn-q Ign--tm
emtlm-dn-sen. Ahn-sSbpw sNdnb ]cn-tim-[\. SuWn \nv
`Ww Ignp. \yq KmU SuWn A_q-_- tmn-ep
aIvX-_p-Avhp Ckvem-an--bn-tev Hmtm-dn--bn t]mbn.
auem-\m apl-Zv Am-D-mlv l\o^v (FUn-, A CAvXnkmw
hoven) AhI-fpsS hon sNp. Atlw Alvse lZokv t\Xmhpw alm]WvUn-X-\p-amWv. kpJ-an-msX Xosc InS-n-em-bn-cpp.
{]mbm-[n-Iy-hp-apv. Fgp-t-n-cn-m h. Rm kemw ]dp.
Da AlvaZv asse-_mcn Fv ]cn-N-b-s-Spn. Atm a-bnsh-p ]cn-N-bhpw _hpw Hm-bmbn. s]sv Hcp Dtjw
hp. kzbw Fgp-t-n-cpp ZoL-t\cw kwkm-cnp. kpJ-tSv eLp-hm-b-Xp-t]mse tXmn. Rm AhnsS sN-Xn Atlw {]ISn-n ktmjw A{X hep-Xm-bn-cpp. Ftm-sSmv Fw.Fw. \Zvhnbpw Dm-bn-cpp.
auem-\-bpsS hon-tev t]mIpw hgn sabv- tdmUn emtlm

553

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Jkq Fv t_mUv sh [mcmfw _p-I Ip. Atm sP.Un.n bXow-Jm\ m]n auem\m A_vZp JmZn Jkqcn
AhI-sfbpw Ah-cpsS a-fmb auem\ aplvbn-o AlvaZv
Jkqcn, auem\m apl--Zen Jkqcn Fn-h-tcbpw Hm hp. AhcpsS \mSmtWm _n FgpXn I ""Jkq' F-Xn-s\-p-dnv
auem\m l\o-^n-t\mSv Xncn. AsX Fp-cw Inn. 1921 ae_m-dnse apkvenw-Ifpw {_nojv kmcpw Xn Hcp k-a-cw- \Sp.
apkvenw-Iv Adn-hp-an. Bbp-[-hp-an. {_nojv ]mfw AXv
icnpw D]-tbm-K-s-Spn. A\-h[n apkvenw-I sIm-s-Sp-Ibpw
\mSp-I-S--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. {_nojv ]mfw sNp-I-b-dm-\n-S-bnm \mSp-I-fn-tev [mcmfw t] HmSn c-sp. hnh-c-an-m
P\X, Adn-hn-m t\Xr-Xz-ns A\p-k-c-W-bp \ncm-bp-[-cmb
`S-m-cmbn amdn-b-tm kw`-hn-t--sXms kw`-hnp. kzmX{y
ka-c-cw-Kv ]mh-s apkvenw bphm- {]I-Sn-n XymKhpw
ss[cyhpw Cv hnkva-cn--s-Spp. kzmX-{y-k-a-cs Hp-sIm-Sppw {_no-jp-Im-cs sNcpv \nbpw Ign--hcpw Ah-cpsS innSn-Ifpw A[n-Imcw ssI-Sn. apkvenw-I-fpsS ]n-m-f-bn-tev ]Xnm-p-I Ign--tm s]j F Fn IjvW- Fdnp-sIm-Spp. ]mh-s kap-Zmbw kmaq-ln-Ihpw km-n-I-hpambn Gsd ]n--sp. Adn-hp-tI-Sn \npw Ah-i-X-bn \npw
Ahsc Dbn-sb-Sp-m alm-m-cmb t\Xm- Hncn XymKw
kln-t-n-hp. el-fv tijw \mn hrcpw A\m-Y-cmb
Ipn-Ifpw hn[-h-I-fmb kv{XoI-fp-amWv _mn-bm-b-sXv ]dbmw.
AXy-[nIw Zb-\o-b-amb Cu Ah--bn Cu ]mh-sf klm-bnm [mcmfw ]W-hp-ambn ta-d aqv al-p- ae-_m-dntev HmSn-hp. ]e e--fnepw dneo^v tI{- Xpdp. `W hkvXp-, acp-p-I, hkv{X- XpS-n-bh hnX-cWw sNbvXp-sImv Ipd-p-Imew Ah ChnsS Ign-p-Iqn. HSp-hn sP.Un.n. bXow-Jm\ m]np. Cu hn-h-c--sfmw auem\m l\o-^nt\mSv Rm ]dp. Cu aqv alm-msc \n Adn-bptam? FhnsS-bmWo Jkq? Rm tNmZnp. Atlw ]dp; Ah Fs
kplr-p--fm-bn-cpp. Alvse lZokv t\Xm--fm-bn-cpp. Zo\-Zbm-ep--fm-bn-cpp. ]m-_nepw CXv t]mse [mcmfw tkh-\-
Ah An-n-pv. henb [\m-Vycpw [n-jvT-cp-am-bn-cp Ah
aqp-t]cpw ac-W-sp. Jkq ChnsS \npw 35 ssa AI-se-bm-

554

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Wv. Ch-cpsS Hcp A\p-P emlq-dn-epv. tI{ Iym_n-\-n Atlw \nba a{n-bm-bn-cpp. kp{]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bnse Ghpw ]gw
sN ho-emWv. Ctm {]mbhpw Akp-J-hp-ambn hon InS-mWv. CsXms tI-tm Rm At-l-tbpw Jkq-cn-ep AhcpsS hoSpw ImWm B{Klw {]I-Sn-np. DSs\ auem\m l\o^v
t^mWn _-sp. ""ae-_m-dn \npw Fs Hcp kplrv
hn-pv. a-bn shp kulr-Z-amWv. \n-fpsS ]nXmhpw
tPyjvT-mcpw tNv ae-_m-dn m]n bXow-Jm-\-sb-p-dnv
Atlw ]dp.'' alvaqZv Aen Jkqcn AXmWv At-l
- ns t]cv.
hnhcw tI-bp-S Atlw Im Abp. Rm t]mbn. sN-tm
Atlw Nmcp-I-tk-c-bn Ccn-pp. Fgp-tv \nm {]bmkw. Zzn`m-jn-bpsS klm-b-tmSv IqSn R ZoL-t\cw kwkm-cnp. hoSns ]qapJw henb sse{_-dn-bmWv. A[n-Ihpw \nba
{K--fm-sWv a\-n-embn. \nb-tam-]-tZ-i-mbn henb
ho-eam AhnsS hcm-dp-s{X. sP.Un.nsb-p-dnv Rm ]d-tm Npa-cn Xqn-bn aqp Nn{X- F\nv ImWn-pXp. Fn--tlw Ic-bm XpSn. Rm\pw Ic-p-t]mbn. sP.Un.nbpsS m]-Ic
- mb B \ a\p-jy-cpsS Nn{X-f
- m-bn-cpp AXv.
Jkq-cn t]mIm\pw B hoSv ImWm-\p-ap Fs tamlw ]dp. AXn\v Gm-Sp-m-m-sapw Xm IqsS hcm-sapw hnhcw
aIvX-_p-Avhbn-tev t^mWn-eqsS Adn-bn-m-sapw At-ltap. AhnsS Kv lukn-em-bn-cpp Fs Xmakw. ASp Znhkw
Xs Adn-bnv hp. ""Rm\nXm hcpp.- Jkq-cn-tev t]mIm
Hcp-n-bn-cn-pI.'' As\ Atlhp-w IpSpw-_-n s] Nnecpw
cp Imdp-I-fn-embn hp. R t]mbn. Jkq Hcp ]pcm-X\ ]W-amWv. Ah-cpsS hoSv Hcp sImm-c-k-am-\-am-bXm-W-v.- alvaqZv Aensb Xmn-sb-Spv Hcp In-en InSn. B henb hon Alvse lZokv t\Xm-, auem\m A_pIemw BkmZv, alm-mKmn, ]WvUnv s\lvdp apX-em-b-h hn{i-an-n-cp apdn-Ifpw `Ww Ign-n-cp lmfpw ImWn-p-Xp. B hoSns aX-]-chpw cmjv{Sob-hp-amb Db ]m-ew F\nv t_m[y-ambn. alvaqZv Aen Jkqcn Xs kzw sNe-hn AhnsS Hcp akvPnZv \nn-p hnhcw Adnp. Atm AXv ImWm tamlw. Jkq-cns Hc-v
hfsc Bh-iy-amb ev hnim-ehpw at\m-l-c-hp-amb Hcp akv-

555

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

PnZv ]Wn Ign-n-cn-pp. \a-kvImcw XpS-n-bn-p-apv. ]n-tbmSv

tNv at\m-l-c-amb Hcp KmUs an\pv ]Wn-I \S-p-I-bmWv. \psS \mn Xosc Cm Imcy-am-WnXv. \mn]p-d-p
an ]n-I-fn-tepw Cg-P-p-sf t]Sn-p-thWw \S-m.
sP.Un.nbpsS hnI-k-\-s-p-dnv Rm At-ls [cn-np.
]n, {]nnwKv {]v, sNdp-InS ^mIvSdn, ^n--dp-I \nmWw
Fn--s\-bp hf IqSmsX Fm hjhpw AXns amt\-P
]v bXow asf kpDuZn Khsans sNe-hn ln\v
sImp-t]m-Ip Imcyhpw ]dp. sP.Un.nbpsS amXrI ]n]n
Xncq-c-m-Sn-b-Sw Htsd tZi--fn [mcmfw bXow-Jm-\-I Dbp-h-Xpw AXn-s-sbmw Xpey{]Xn-^ew Jkqcn ktlm-Z-mv Amlp \Ip-sav Bin-m-hp--Xm-sWpw Rm ]d-tm Atlw hmsX hnIm-cm-[o-\-\m-Ip-Xp Ip. \n-fpsS
a-fn Bsc-sb-nepw CsXms ImWp-hm Ab--W-sapw
Rm ]dp. Atlw k-Xnp. AXv Fmbn F-dn-bn.
Ctm Atlw Pohn-n-cn-p-ptm Fpw Adn-bn. \-bpsS
DZm--amb ]mc-cyw \ne-\np B IpSpw-_s Amlp
_-n-em-s. alm-m-cmb apKm-an-Iv Amlp A\Lamb {]Xn-^ew \In A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is.
emtlm-dnsh-p-mb asmcp hntijw: auem\ auZqZn ]mtImv Zmdp Ckvem-an 1944 G{]n amk-n Hcp {]kvXm-h\
Cd-n-bn-cpp. Zmdp Ckvemw m]np aqv hjw Ign--Xn-\pti-j-am-WnXv. dpZmZv Pam-As Ckveman F ]pkvX-I-n-emWv
(cmw `mKw, t]Pv 19) CXp-Xv. AXv Hcp kvt\ln-X F\nv
ImWn-p-Xp. AXns Npcpw ChnsS ]dbmw. Ctm kXyw
sXfnp. CXp-hsc kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw Ie-n-n-S-p-I-bm-bn-cpp. Atm \psS ktiw Xn--f-bp-hm \n-v Hcp
Imc-W-ap-m-bn-cp-p. Ctm AXv Ah-km-\np. AXp-sImv Cu
ktiw e`n--Xn-\p-tijw Bsc-nepw CXv Xn--f-bp--]w
Ah blq-Zn-Iv kam-\-am-Ipp. AXn-\m cn-semcp amKta
C\n \npq. Hp-In \psS ktiw kzoI-cn-pI. Asn blq-Zn-I-fpsS amKw kzoI-cn-pI.
CXns 19mw t]Pn-s- t^mtm tImn Rm FSp-np. AtXmsSm-w Fs Hcp Ipw tN-v Pam-As Ckveman Aao

556

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

anbm Xpss^ apl-Zv AhIv sImSpp. Fs Inse

D-S-w C-s\-bm-bn-cpp. auZqZn kuln-_ns Cu {]kvXmh\ \n icn-sh-p-ptm? AYhm Fp ]d-bpp? adp-]Sn
X]m- en tIc-f-n-tev Ab-p-sIm-m-sav At-l-ns
sk{I-dn ]dp. 85 \hw-_ BZy BgvN-bn-em-bn-cpp kw`hw.
]s, adp-]Sn Hcp ]Xn-mv Ign-npw hn. emtlm-dn
\npw aSn Uln-bn-sen. Cy Pam-As Ckveman Aaodn\pw C{]-Imcw Iv sImSpp.- adp-]Sn Inn-bn.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

70
auZq-Zn-bpsS J_
emtlm-dn Rm auZqZn kmln-_ns J_ ImWm t]mbn.
At-l-ns hoSns ap-mWv J_. \mep hmc hoXn-bn,
\of-n A]w Dbnb \ne-bn.- \psS \mn-se-t]mse
AXns c-pw Iv \mn-bn-n. J_ teiw Db-c-n-em-sWv am{Xw. Xe-`m-Kv ]\n-\o]qhp t]mse-bp ]pjv] CX-fp-I
hnX-dn-bn-cn-pp. N-\-ncn In-Xpw Ip. cmhnse Ggp-a-WnmWv Cu ki\w. AhnsS Bscbpw In. Rm\pw Iqp-Imc\pw AhnsS Ipsd Npn--dn. Atm hoSns sXv `mK-p
Hcp apdn-bn \nv Hcp hb--\mb B Cd-n-hp. At-l-hpambn kwkm-cnp. ""Rm auem-\-bpsS sk{I--dn-bm-bn-cpp. Idmn-bmWv kztZiw. At-l-ns hntbm-K-n\v ]v hjw apv
_-s--XmWv. ]ns R ]ncn-n-n. auem\ \S-n-bn-cp
_pIv Untm-hns amt\-P-dm-Wn-tm, `mcybpw Hcp aIfpw am{X-tabpq.'' Fpw ]dp. s]mXp J_m-\n AS-msX hoSns
apv Xs ASw sNbvXp J_ H-s-Sp-n-b-Xn\v {]tXyI
Imc-W-aptm? F Rm tNmZn--tm, AXv tNmZn--cpXv, hnhcn-m F\nv _pn-ap-pv FmWv {]Xn-I-cn-Xv.
Cs\ tNmZn-m Hcp Imc-W-ap-m-bn-cpp. CXv kw_-nv
Rm t\cs Hcp Imcyw Adn-n-cpp. At\z-j-W-n AXv
nc-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

557

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Pam-As Ckveman, Ah-cpsS ]mn B^o-kp-Ifpw akvPnZpw

sse{_-dnbpw HmUn-tm-dn-bhpw Ds-Sp akq-d: F tImwIvkn auZqZn kmln-_n\v J_ Xm-dm-n-bn-cn-pp. IpSpw-_m hoSns appw AXv Gm-Smn. auZqZn kmln-_ns t]cn hcm km[y-X-bp ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-fpw apw X-h-Imi-s--Xm-sWv IpSpw_w hmZnp. As\ ]mnbpw IpSpw-_hpw
Xn X-n-embn. As\ Ah tbmPnv Hcp ay-s\
\n-bnp. ay- IpSpw-_-n\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn hn[np. As\-bmWv hop-ap-v J_-d-Sw \S-Xv. Cu hnjbw Rm 86
amv ew kk-_o-en "hnti-j-' F-Xn Fgp-Xn-bncpp. Ipdp Ign--tm {]t_m-[\w tNmtZym-c ]wn-bn
CXv kw_--ambn tNmZyw hp. adp-]-Sn-bn Fmw \ntj-[n-p-Ibm-bn-cpp. Fs Ip-sImv Rm Ip-t_m-[y-s, A-t-ln-s- J-_-dn- ]pjv]w hnX-dnbX-pw N-\-ncn InXp-am-bhnjb-hpw {]-t_m-[-\w- \n-tj-[n-n-p-v.- ]-t-,- Rm- I-- Im-c-yw,-ImWm apPo_v F adp-]-Sn-m-c \ntj-[n--Xp-sImv CmXm-Ip-I-bn-tm. Cu Imcyw hopw Rm Fgp-Xn.- Pam-As
Ckvem-anbpw auZqZn kmln_pw {]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-n XuloZns\ sNdp-Xmbn ImWp-Ibpw cmjv{So-bm-[n-Im-cs apnb XuloZmbn hnfw-_cw sNp-Ibpw sNbvX-tm Ccw inp-]-c-amb
A\m-Nm-c- imJm-]-c-amb {]iv\--fmbn am{Xta Ah In-pq. inv AXns Fm A-nepw (cmjv{So-b-Im-cy-)
kPo-h-ambn \np-tm AtX-p-dnv Hc-cw Dcn-bm-SmsX imJm-]-c-amb Imcy- DuXn honv kap-Zm-b-n `nn-p-mp-I-bmWv sNp--sXv ]dp apPm-lnZv {]m-\s Ah
Fpw B-t-]n-n-cpp. Poh-\p inn\p t\sc Ip Nnp-Ibpw N- inn-s\-Xn-cn Bbp-[s
- a-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp-p-shpw Ah R-sf hnti-jn-n-n-pv. t\amK-n \npw hyXn-N-en-W-sav t_m[-]qw Xocp-am-\n-m CXpw CXn-e-p-dhpw ]dbpw.
sNpw.
Ctm \psS Iq-n Nne bph-t\-Xm- s]mXpXm]-cyta-Je Is-m {ian-p--Xmbn a\-n-em-Ipp. CXv ta
]d Ah--bn-te-p \o-ns XpS--am-sWv Rm
`b-s-Spp. Cu `b-n\pw Hcp Imc-W-apv. Cu hyXn-bm-\-n\v

558

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Npm ]nSn-p bpht\Xmhv a-bn DpJpdm bqWn-thgvkn-n-bn ]Tn-p Imev Xs Cu hkvhmkv _m[n--bm-fm-bncpp. Rm Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS Bi-b-hy-Xn-bm\w Xpdp
ImWn-p Hcp Ad_n eLp-te-J -X-m-dmn Ad-_n-I-fn t\cnv
Adn-bp--hsmw Fn-n-cpp. AXns Hcp tImn Ct-ln\pw Abp. Atlw Fs Bt-]n-p-sIm-mWv adp-]Sn
Ab-Xv. ]noSv Ct-ls sI.]n. bph-t\-Xm-hmbn Ah-tcm-[nm Xocp-am-\n--tm Rm sI.]n.tbmSv Cu A\p-`hw ]d-ncpp. Av Atlw Fs Biz-kn-np. ""AsXmw t\sc-bmIpw.
\apv t\sc-bm-n-sb-Spmw. Abm ka\pw kwLm-SI ssh`-h-ap--h-\p-amWv. Acw bphm-sf \ IqsS \nn \mn-sb-Sp-Ww.'' sI.]nbpsS kZp-t-iyhpw B-hn-izm-khpw Xn-f-tb- Imcyw cp \nev F\nv ]mSn-m-bn-cpp. Hv sI.]nbpsS kwL\m ssh`-h-n\p apn Rm Hcp _me-\mWv. cv,
sI.]nsb-tmse F\npw \m--W-sa hnNm-c-W-am-Wp-m-bncp-Xv. ]s, ]noSv ]e-tmgpw Fs B {]Xo-bvv atep A\p-`-h--fp-mbn. ]s, Rm At-ls FXn-mt\m Xn--d-bmt\m Xm-dm-bn. Atlw tae-X-n kPo-hambn hne-kp-I-bmWv. AXp-sImv Rm Acw Hcp \ne-]m-sS-Spm {]mm-\nI cwKv AXv IqSp-X _pn-ap-p-I krjvSnp-sav a\-n-emn. Rm ]t Hcp {]iv\-m-c-\m-W-tm. ]s, th-s--h-tcmSv,- {]tXy-Inv- sI.]n.tbmSpw a-pw- k`w
Inn-b-tm-sgms CXv {i-bns]-Sp-n-bn-pv. Nne kplr-pv Is-gpXn Adn-bn-n-pv. Hcn- Fs ImWm h
Nne t\Xm--tfmSv hnjbw ]d-n-pv. ]s, Bcpw AXv apJhn-ev FSp--Xmbn tXmn-bn. Fm Atlw bph-P-\-th-Znbn i-ambn ]nSn-ap-dp-p-Ibpw i_m_v AXns apJ-{]-kw-Kn-eqsS s]mXpXm]-cy-ta-Je Is-pI F Blzm-\-hp-ambn
]c-ky-ambn {]Xy--s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX-tm, ]c-ky-ambn {]Xn-Icn-m Rm Bcp-sSbpw A\p-hm-Z-n\v Imp-\n-n. kk_o-en-eqsS Fs i_vZw Rm apgn. ""Zo\n-t\mSv Iqdp ]men-pI''F {]hm-N-I-h-N\w Fn-te]n _m[yX F\nv \n--ln-tn- h-p.- A-tl-tm-Spw- A-t-l-tm-sSm-w- \n-p--h-tcm-SpwF-\n-v- hyn-]-c-ambn bmsXmcp shdppw sshcm-Ky-hp-an. kvt\l-

559

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tmsS am{Xta Rm hn-n-pq. ]s, BZi kw_-ambn AsXmcp Zu-ey-ambn amdp-Xv F\nv CjvS-ap Imcy-a.
emtlm-dn \npw asmcp hnti-jhpw IqSn Adn-bn-m-\pv.
AhnsS SuWns ay-n ssiJv Aen _plvsecn F Hcp henns J_-dpv. AXv hen-sbmcp ZK-bmWv. Kpcp-hm-bq t{Xnte-Xn-\v- kam-\-amb ]cn-]m-Sn-I AhnsS \nXyhpw \S-ppv. AsXmv t\cn ImW-sav tXmn Rm AhnsS t]mbn.
F-\n--hn-sS- t]mIm- tXm-n-b-Xn-s- Im-c-Ww- C-Xm-Wv:- apsmcp
Imev kpDuZn Khsapw Pam A_vZp-m-k-dns CuPn]vjy `c-W-Iq-Shpw Xn henb Hcp ]nW--ap-mbn. \qm-pI-fmbn IAv_sb ]pX-n-p Jn Cu-Pv]vXn \nm-Wv sImp-h-n-cp-Xv. ]nWw aqew kpDuZn k-m Cu \S-]Sn dm-n.
]mIn-m Khsans\ AtX]np. ]mIn-m Kh-sa v
AXn-mbn Hcp Inn cq]o-I-cnp. B In-n-bpsS sNbam-
auem\ A_p AAvem auZqZn Bbn-cp-p. In-n-I-fn _tdhn-Ifpw Dm-bn-cpp. J_-dns\ Bcm-[n-p--h-sc-bmWv _tdhn-I Fv ]d-bp-Xv. Jn-bpsS ]Wn Xo-tm AXv Xoh-nbn Idm-n-bn-tev sImp-t]m-I Hcp henb NS-mbn. emtlm sdbnsh tj-\n-tev B`m-S-]q-amb tLmj-bm-{X-tbm-sSbmWv Jnsb bm{X-bm-n-bXv. Cu tLmj-bm{X ta]-d ssiJv Aen-_p-lvse-cn-bpsS Pmd-n- t]mbn Ggp {]mhiyw Xhm^v
sNbvXp. emtlm-dnse Alvse lZokv t\Xm- Cu ISp inns \S-]-Snsb ITn-\-ambn Bt-]n-p-sImv {]kw-K-fpw
{]kn-o-I-c-W-fpw \Sn. Jnm Inn AXn-s\ FXnp. CXv
hen-sbmcp hnhm-Z-ambn. hnhcw Adn kpDuZn km AtXmsS Cu ]cn-]mSn \n-emn. Jn-bpsS \nmWw Ah Xs
Gs-Spp. Cu Imcy--sfmw F\nv t\cs Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-Xn-\m i]n--s Cu ZK Hp t\cn- ImW-W-sav tXmn.
Ckvem-an\v Gsd lm\n-I-chpw A]-am-\-I-c-hp-amb ]e sNbvXn-Ifpw
AhnsS Rm Ip. \app ]cn-N-b-ap kpPqZv Ggv Ah-b-h-
`qan-bn shv sImm-Wtm. AhnsS Rm I kpPqZv kw
\of-n Aap InS-pw-t]mse a\p-jy \of-n ssI shv
Iagvv `qan-bn ]n--S-p--XmWv. ]e t{X--fnepw hn{K-lv apn `-m InS-p--Xp-t]mse! CXv I Rm

560

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

AXy-[nIw thZ-\np. kap-Zm-b-nse ]WvUn-X-m-cm-Wtm Cu

hn{K--lm-cm-[-\v Nqp-]n-Sn-p-Xv!CtXm-sSmw Hcp ]gb IY Hm-bmbn. Atm Fs ZpxJw
Cc-np. Fs Kpcp-Xp-ey-cmb Fw.kn.kn. A_vZp-d-lvam auehnbpw ssiJv apl-Zv aue-hn-bp-sam-nv Rm Hcn- \m-Kq
ZK ImWm t]mbn. Bfp-I J_-dn\p t\sc kpPqZv sNp--XpIp. hm at\m-th-Z-\-bmbn. ]pdv hv AhnsS ASpv
GsX-nepw aX-]-WvUn-X-m-cptm Fv Xncn. ASp ]nbn Hcp _mJhn Ben-w kmln_v Ds--dnp. AhnsS sNp.
""Cu ZK-bn Bfp-I kpPqZv sNp-Xv \n Adn-bp-nt?
\n P\--tfmSv Fp-sIm-mWv CXv hne-m-Xv.'' Fv
tNmZnp. Atm At-l-ns adp-]Sn C-s\-bm-bn-cpp. ""B
kpPq-Zn\v FmWv hntcm[w? hpfp Cm-sX-bp kpPqZv At?!-''
Am-lp-hn icWw! aX-]-WvUn-X-m-cpsS Ah CXm-Wtm!
Cu kap-Zmbw C{X Ip Zpjn--Xns Imc-W-m Cu Xcw
]WvUn-X-m Xs-bmWv. Fm auZq-Zn-p-I-fpsS \ne-]mSv,- AXhnsS \ns;- sImm-c--fp-sSbpw sk{I--dn-tb-n-sbpw Imcyw
BZyw t\mmw FmWv. Fn-st BbXv? J_-dp-I-fpsS Imcyw
t\mn-b-hv B C\-n alm `qcn-]-s IqsS \nm
]n. AXn-s\-Xn-cn in-bmbn \n-hv Ipsd sIn-sm-nb
J_-dp-I CSnp \nc-m Ignp. Jkzv-dp-I-fpsS (sImm-c-)
Imcyw \pWp \S- - h - - m- I - s HSp- h n \pW- b Xs
_mn.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

71
]cm-Pbw k-Xn auZq-Zn-p-I
1940Ifn P-am-A-s- C-kv-em-an- "lpq-as Cemln' F ap{Zm-hm-Iyw- "CJm-a-p-o' Fm-n amn. hni-Zo-I-c-W-n cpw
Hm-sWv m]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""Am-lp-hns `qan-bn
Am-lp-hns `cWw'' Fv ]d-p-sIm-p Ah-cpsS hchv
{]Y-a-ZrjvSym apkvenw-Iv Atcm-N-I-am-tI--X-tm. ]s,
{]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-n Xulo-ZmWv Ah amn-a-dn-Xv. Bcm-[\

561

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Am-lp-hn\v am{Xw F efnX at\m-l-c-amb Bi-b-amWv XuloZv. cp sImp hmIy--fn-eqsS C_m-Z-ns\ {]hm-N-I efn-Xambn ]Tn-np. {]m\ Xs-bmWv Bcm-[\. {]m\ Bcm-[\-bpsS a-bm-Ipp.
{]m-\-bn-m Hcp Ihpw Bcm-[-\-bm-Ip-I-bn Fv a\n-embn. Ghpw {][m-\-s Bcm-[-\-bm-Wtm \a-kvImcw. Amlp-hns {]Xn-^ew Bin-p-Ibpw ]c-temI tamw Imwn-pIbpw sNm \a-kvImcw shdpw NSv am{X-ta-bmIq. A\p-h-Z-\ob-amb Imcy-fpw {]m\m \n`-c-amb a\-p-sImv C_m-Z-mp-hm Ignbpw. Cu knmw An-a-dn-p-I-bmWv Ch sNbvXXv. Kbv-_n(AZriyw)bmb ]cn-K-W\ C_m-Z-ns aqe kvtdmXmWv.- Zriyhpw AZr-iyhpw F hyXymkw auZq-Znkw ]cn-K-Wnp--tX-bn. dp_q-_n--nse GIXzw Ad-_n-I \ntj-[n-n-n.
Deq-ln--nse GIXzw Ah k-Xn-p-Ipbw sNbvXn. {]hm-NI-\p-ambn Ah FXn-cn-Xpw apkvenw-Isf ]oUn-n-Xpw bp-ntes--Xp-samw Deq-ln--n GIXzw F BZi-\n-jvT-bpsS ISp FXn-cm-fn-I F \ne-bn-em-bn-cpp. ]s, Pam-Ap-Im Deq-ln--ns A-nepw ambw tNp. cmjv{Sob
ka-c-n-\p Bbp-[-amn Deq-ln--ns Bo-b-amb taasb Xcw-Xmgvn. auem\m auZq-Zn-bpsS Ip{]-kn--amb Xncp-
hmZ-{K--amb ""Jp-B Io Nm _pbmZn CkvXn-emtl'' F
{Kw ""A apkvX-e-lm-p A_A ^n Jp-B'' F
t]cn Ad-_n-bn-tepw "Jp-B-\nse \mep kmt-XnI ]Z-'
F t]cn ae-bm-f-n-tepw hnh\w sNbvXn-pv. AXn
Cs\ ImWmw:- ""Deq-ln--ns A-n cmPXzw, `c-W-IXrXzw Fo Bi-b-IqSn Ds-n-cn-pp. Cem-lns GI-Xzn Cu A-nepw Am-lp-hn\v ]p-Imsc k-Xn-m-XncnW-w.''- (t]Pv 31)
atX-Xc km-cp-I-tfbpw Ah-bpsS \nba \nt-i--tfbpw
A\p-k-cn-p-Xv Am-lp-hn\v ]pdsa ap Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cnp hn{Kl]qPbvv Xpey-amb inpw Ip^vdp-am-sWv Cu
Xncp- hmZ-n-eqsS auZqZn kan--tm Pam-As Ckveman C-kv-em-an-s- B-Z-i-s- X-I-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.- ""P-am-A-sCkveman ktiw'' F {K-n atX-Xc P\m-[n-]Xyw Ckv-

562

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

em-anI hncp-hpw Cuam-\ns\ {Zhn-n-p--Xp-am-sWv Xpdp

{]kvXm-hn-p-pv. ""\n ]cn-ip Jp-B\pw Xncp-kp-pw
Bhn-jvI-cn Ckvem-an BWv bYm-n hniz-kn-p--sXn, \n Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-mepw icn, atX-Xc `uXnI knm-n-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb Cu tZiob P\m-b-s {]Xn-tcm-[n-p-Ibpw
]Icw ssZh hnizm-k-n-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb Aam-\p-jnI {]mXn-\n-[yns m]-\mw kacw \S-p-Ibpw sNt-Xv \n-fpsS
Hgn-p-Iq-Sm Ihyw am{X-am-Ipp.''- (t]Pv 38) asmcp hmNIw
Cu {K-n Cs\ ImWmw. ""apkamamsc kw_-n-n-Stmfw Rm CXm Ah-tcmSv Xpdv {]kvXm-hn-pp. B[p-\nI
atX-Xc tZiob P\m-[n-]Xyw \n-fpsS Ckvem-an\pw Cuam-\n\pw
IS-I-hn-cp--amWv. {]kvXpX hyh-n-Xn-bp-ambn Ckvemw tbmPnp Hcp t]mbnp-an. B hyh-nXn hmgp-n-Sv Ckvemw
shdpw Pe-tc-J-bm-bn-cnpw.''- (t]Pv.33) auZq-Zn-bpsS Cu Bib hyXnbm-\s AYhm Xo{h-hm-Zs tIcf Pam-As Ckvem-anbpw
kljw kzmKXw sNp-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. Ah-cpsS apJ-]-{X-amb
{]t_m-[-\-nse {]Jym-]\w AXv sXfn-bnp. ""Npcp--n XmXznI-ambpw I-]-c-ambpw Zo\pw skIyp-e-cn-khpw ]c-kv]c hncp-amWv. t\p-t\-sc-bp-Xv Ah cn GsX-nepw Hn-t\mSv
am{Xw ]q _w m]nv at-Xns\ ktm-j-tmsS bm{X-bb-pI F-XmWv. Htc ka-bv cv ssZh-sf A\p-k-cn-pI
km[y-a--Xs.''Cu Xo{h-hmZw {ItaW `oI-c-hm-Z-n-tev \bn-pp. P\m-[n]Xy atX-Xc knm--n-s\-Xn-cn FhnsS GXv ]cn-X-n-Xn-bn-embmepw apkvenw-I kacw \S--W-sav Blzm\w sNp-tm
AXns ]cn-WnX ^ew `oIc {]h-\--tfm-sS-bp apt--ambn-cnpw. Iivao-cnepw temI-ns hnhn[ `mK--fnepw Ccw
Xo{h-hmZ {]h-\- hfp-h-cp-Xv \apv A\p-`-h-atm.
"kam-[m\ns kt-i-amWv Ckvemw' Fv \ hnfnp ]d-bptm "`oI-c-hm-Z-ns aXw Ckvemw Xs' Fv Xncn--Sn-m
i{Xp-v Ccw Bi-b- hSn-bmbn cq]m--c-s-Spp. ""Cy-bpsS tamN\w Ckvem-an-eqsS'' F Npa-sc-gp-n\v \Inb
adp-]Sn CXn-\p sXfn-hm-Ipp. auZq-Znkw kzoI-cn "knan'-bpsS
ap{Zm-hm-Iy-am-WnXv. "Ckvem-ans \miw Cy-bn Xs'- Fv

563

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lnp Xo{h-hm-Zn-I Xncn--Snp. `qcn-] hKo-bX Dcp-p-IqSn

apkvenw hncp `oI-c-hm-Z-ambn cq]m--c-s-Sp-hm am{Xta _pn-iq\y-amb ap{Zm-hm-Iy- ChnsS D]-I-cn-n-pq.
Ac \qm-n-tesd AXn-km-lkw {]I-Sn-n-p-sImv \mSmsI
{]N-cn-n auZq-Znkw \mSnt\m kap-Zm-b-nt\m Hcp {]tbm-P-\hpw
sNbvXn. Ckvem-ans\ sXn--cnn--m DX-In- F--Xp- am{X-amWv
Ch-cn \np kw`m-h\! {]kw-Knpw Fgp-Xnbpw {K-hn]\
hym]-I-amn. AXn-Kp-cp-X-c-amb Cu `hn-jyv \mn {]N-cn-np.
lnp-Xz Xo{h-hm-Zn-I-fpsS ImbnI ]cn-io-e\ in_n-c--fn hf-nbam- v Ckvem-an-s\-Xn-sc-bp Dt-PI acpv t\Xm-
\Ip-Xv auZq-Zn-bpsS JpXv_m-nse D-c-Wn-I tIn-p-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv Fv Rm Adn-n-pv. \a-kvImcw, t\mv,
kImv, lv XpS-nb \n_ I- `cWw m]n-m\p ]cn-io-e-\--fm-sWv auZqZn JpXv_m-n kan-n-ptm. ]n-I AXn-\p tI{--fm-sWv JpXv_m-n ASnh-c-bnv ]d-bp-pv. ln\v thn hntZ-i-tv t]mIp-Xv
Ccw Imcy-v ]cn-io-e\w t\Sm-\m-sWv a\-n-em-p
Hcp Aapkvenw {ItaW hKob hmZnbpw ]noSv apkvenw hncp
Xo{h-hm-Zn-bp-ambn ]cn-W-an-p-p-sh-n Ahsc Ip-s-Sp-p-Xn-t\-m Daw kzbw \mw Xncp-p-I-bmWv.
Chn-sSbpw Pam-As Ckveman Cc--mv \b-amWv kzoI-cnXv. aX-hn-cp-m-i-b- {]N-cn-n-p {K--sfm-sbpw ]p\x{]-kn-o-I-c-W--fn-eq-sSbpw kvtImUv {]h-\--fn-eq-sSbpw \msSmpp-w ]c-p c-oXn XpSp-sIm-n-cn-pp. adp-`m-Kv
X-fpsS Bi-bm-Zi- ]cm-P-b-sav k-Xn-p-sImv X{]qw Hgn-p-am-dpp. Hcm-Zi {]m-\-ns kwip-nv
tbmPn-p--h-b CXv. Fm kwL-S\m {]h-\-ns Ka\-n Hpw hf e`n-m apc-Sn \ne-]mSv Xpdp k-Xnt KXn-tISpw CtXm-sSm--ap-mbn.
Ac \qm-n-te-sd-bmbn Ckvem-anI lpq-a-ns kwm-]\-n\v thn ka-W-t_m-[-tmsS {]hn-p--h-cmWv
X-sfv hm tXmcmsX ]d-bp-Ibpw ssII-g-mepw FgpXn \nhrXn-b-S-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cm-Wtm auZq-Zn-p-I. Cy-bnse Aapkvenw `qcn-]--n\v Ckvem-ans\ ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p-Ibpw Ahsc

564

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Ckvem-anI `cW hyh-n-Xn-bpsS KpW-ta--I t_m[y-s-Sp-pIbpw sNp al-mb ZuXy-\n-lWw X am{X-amWv

Cy-bn \n-ln-p-Xv Fv Ad_v tZi--fnse ]WvUn-X-mscbpw `c-W-Iq-S-tbpw sXn--cn-nv \nc-h[n B\p-Iq-ey-
Ch t\Sn-sb-Sp-n-pv. HSp-hn Ah F{X Zb-\o-b-amb ]X-\n-emWv Fn-s--sXv kpXcmw sXfn-n-cn-pp. 1997 G{]n
12\v ]pd-n-d-nb {]t_m-[\w hmcn-I-bnse Hcp tNmZyhpw adp-]Snbpw Ah-cpsS BZi-]-X-\s sh-fn-hm-pp.
Jnem-^-ns ]p\x-m-]-\-n-\-p-th-n- CJvhm-\p apkvenao, ]mIn-m Pam-As Ckveman XpS-nb {]m-\-
\S-n-h-cp {]h-\-sf Cy Pam-A-p-ambn Fs\
ka-c-k-s-Sp-pp Fm-bn-cpp tNmZyw. CXns adp-]-Sn-bn
C{]-Imcw ]d-bpp. ""Ckvem-ans cmjv{Sob knm--s-p-dnv
Adnhpw t_m[-hp-ap apkvenw-Iv `qcn-]--ap-t-Sv AXv
]p\x-m-]n-pI {]mtbm-Kn-I-amWv. {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-hp-Ibpw thWw.
AXn-\p-th-n-bmWv CJvhm-\p apkven-aq, ]mIn-m Pam-As Ckveman, _wm-tZiv Pam-As Ckveman t]mep kwL-S\-I {]hn-p-Xv. Cy-bn-em-Is apkvenw-I-fn Xs hensbmcp hn`m-K-n\v Ckvem-ans cmjv{Sob hyh--sb-p-dnv A-Xtbm sXmb hnh-c-tfm BWp-Xv. 88 iX-am\w hcp
Aap-kvenw-Iv Ckvem-an-s\-p-dnv an-hmdpw Hp-a-dn-bn. AXn\m Cu cmPyv Jnem-^v m]n--W-sav Bh-iy-s-Sp-Xv
Abp-n-Ihpw A\-h-k-c-n-ep-Xpw sXp-m-c-Wm-P-\-I-hp-amWv.''
({]t_m[w, t]. 17)
Ac \qmv {]hn-npw \nn-S-p-\npw A\-m Xm-bn-s-p Ip-k-Xw CXn-epv. am{X-a, Ckz-vemlo {]m-\hpw AXns t\Xm-fpw Bcw`w apX Xs ASn-m-\-cln-Xhpw Abp-n-I-hp-amb Hcp knm {]Nm-c-W-n\v Hcp-pXv sXn-m-c-W-I {]N-cn-m am{Xta CS-bmIq Fv \nc-cw
Chsc D]-tZ-in-p-sIm-n-cpp. Atm-sgmw apPm-lnZv {]m-\s "ivaim\ hn-h-m' Fm-t-]n-m am{X-amWv Ah
kabw If-Xv. Poh-\p inns\ In-sv \Snv N
inn-s\-Xn-cn t]mcm-Sp--h Fv Fsbpw Fs {]m-\sbpw Ch ]cn-l-knp. X Aap-kvenw-Isf {]_p--cm-p-

565

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

alZv {]h-\-n-em-sWv hv \Sn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. HSphn hoWn-Xtm InS-pp [c-Wn-bn F-t]mse apJw Ip\nv
\nt--Xmbn hp.
ASp-Xv Ah-cpsS kwL-S-\m-cw-K-amWv. Ahn-sSbpw hf e`nm XI-bmWv Ahp-m-bXv. Ah-cpsS k-X-]-{X-amWv
CXn-te-p Ghpw \ sXfnhv. 1998 G{]n 12\v ]pd-n-d-nb
"hmcm-Zy-am-[yaw' {]kn-o-I-cn "Ac-\q-mv ]nn Cy PamAs Ckveman' F B[n-Im-cnI teJ\w ]cm-Pbw Xpdp
k-Xn-n-cn-pp. Ah-cpsS HutZym-KnI hmhpw "am[yaw' FUn C Nmp-amb hyn-bmWv teJ-I. AXn ]d-bpp.
""cmPys {][m\ kwm-\--fn-sems kPoh LS-I-fp Cy Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS AwK-kwJy 240 \npw
5000 tmf-ambn DbXv {it-b-amb hf-bmbn hne-bn-cp-s-Sm-\n-S-bn. AwK-Xz-ns Ii-\-amb D]m-[n-I-fmWv F-p-dhn\v Imc-W-sav kwL-S-\-bpsS hm-v Nqn-mmw. 25000 ]cw hcp {]h-I (ImIq) \ncbpw e--W-n\v hcp
A\p-`m-hn-Ifpw (ap-^nJv) ]pd-sa-bp-ap-spw Biz-knmw.
Fnepw Hcp _lp-P-\-{]-m-\-ambn hf-cm Pam-A-n-\n-\nbpw
km[n-n-n-sv k-Xnt Xocq. hninjym Cy-bnse apkvenw
\yq\-]w Ah-cpsS Ncn-{X-nse Ghpw Kpcp-X-c-amb {]Xn-kn-bn sNv \np-tm Ah-cpsS ssI]n-Snv aptmv \bnm\pw Ahv Znim-t_m[w \Im\pw Hcn-IqSn kmap-Zm-bnI
{[pho-I-c-W-ns A]-I-S-I-c-amb ]mX-bn Fn-\np
cmPys kmap-Zm-bnI ssa{Xn-bpsS kc-Wn-bn-tev sImp-h-cm\pw
{]m]vX-am-th-n-bn-cp Ckvem-anI {]m\w Ah-k-c-n-s\mv
Dbn-n-s hne-bn-cp- A{]-k--a-sv t\XrXzw a\-nem-p-p-mhpw.'' (hmcmZy am[yaw 12.4.98)
BZi cwKhpw kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\hpw Hcp-t]mse ]cm-P-bsp. Ac \qm-p-Im-es {]bXv\w Ahv Hcp t\hpw \Inbn. Zo\n\pw kap-Zm-b-n\pw Htsd tIm- \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ip-k--X-a CXn\v ]cn-lmcw. ]m-m-]hpw sXp-Xn-cp-ep-amWv DNn-X-am-bn-p-Xv. ilm-Zv Ien-a-bpsS Aw amn-bXmWv Ghpw Kpcp-X-c-amb sXv. _mn-sbmw AXn \np--hn-XmWv. AXp-sImv {]hm-N-I-m {]t_m-[\w sNbvX Xulo-Zp-am-

566

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn Ah bYmY Ckvem-an-tev aS-Ww. ]m--]n-p-sImv

P\--tfmSv Ipw Gp-]-d-bWw. "{]t_m-[\w' ]{Xm-[n-]-c-am-bn-cp,
Ckvem-anse C_m-Zv F {K-n-eqsS auZq-Zn-bpsS hyXn-bm\w
kw`-hn XuloZv m]n-m bXv\n, Pam-A-ns Ghpw
apXn t\Xm-hm-bn-cp Sn. apl-Zv kmln_v Xs Pohn-X-ns
Ay-\m-fp-I-fn X\nv kw`-hn hyXn-bm\w Xpdv k-Xn-pIbpw kzbw tJZn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. knan \S-p "hnthIw'
F ]{X-n\p \Inb A`n-ap-J-n-emWv C_m-Zv F k{]-[m-\-amb kmt-XnI ]Z-n-t kw`-hn hyXn-bm\w Atlw
Xpdv k-Xn-Xv. ]s, ]mn AXw-Ko-I-cn-n. "tcmKhpw hmIyhpw hcp-nb am\-knI hn{`m-n'--bmWv At-l-n\v kw`-hnsXv Pam-A-p-Im hmsam-gn-bmbn {]N-cn-n-p-I-bm-Wp-mbXv. Rm Htsd XhW Bhn-Xv hopw ]d-bp-I-bmWv.
{]hm-N-I-m ]Tn-n Ckvemw Zo\n-tev Pam-As Ckveman
aS-n-h-cs. Ahsc kvt\l-tmsS Wn-pp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

72
Phm-_p asse-_mc-n
Ad-_n-bn Rm Fgp-Xnb Hcp IrXn-bm-WnXv. 1982 JXzv-
Ckvemln sk-dmWv CXv {]Im-i\w sNbvXXv. Fs aI ap_mdIv CXv ae-bm-f-n-tev samgn-amw \Sn.
1980 Ctm-gs sI.F.Fw. P\. sk{I-dn F.]n. A_vZp
JmZn aue-hnsb JXzv- bq\n-th-gvkn-n-bn aqp amk-tv Hcp
]cn-]m-Sn-p-thn sXc-s-Sp-p-I-bp-mbn. ]te-S-mbn Hsp Ign-n-cp apPm-lnZv kplr-p-v CsXmcp A\p-{K-lambn. As\ JXzv-dn Ckvemlo sk \ne-hn hp. \nc-cw
]T-\-m-p-Ifpw \S-p-t]mp. Cu A\p-Iqe kml-N-cy-n-emWv
1981 P\p-h-cn-bn Sn.sI. aplvbn-o Da-cn-tbm-sSmv Rm JXzv-
kin-Xv. Fs BZys JXzv- ki\w. Av JXzv-d- nse
No^v Pn-km-bn-cp ssiJv AlvaZv _v\p lP Fs kl-]mTnbpw kplr-p-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns BXnYyw cpNn-p-sImv
Ign-bp--Xn-\n-S-bn t]cn-m Hcp Ad_n eLp-teJ AhnsS

567

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

hnX-cWw sN-sp. Fs-p-dnv AXn-Kp-cp-X-c-amb Btcm-]-W \nd--Xm-bn-cpp B IrXn. t]cn-m Hcp hmtdme F
\ne-bn henb {]m[m\yw Rm \Ip-n. ]s, kplr-p \n_-np. ssiJv C_v\p lPdpw ap {]ap-J-cmb ]WvUnX-mcpw Bh-iy-s--X-\p-k-cnv Rm adp-]Sn FgpXn. AXv ]pdn-d-n-b-tXmsS hmtdm-e-m ]pdv NmSn. amf-n-tev apfIv
]pI-bn-n-p-hn-Xv t]mse. Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS JXzv-dnse
AP--\mb hm-hmbn hne-kn-bn-cp apl-Zv keow auehn Hcp
\o eLp-te-J-bp-ambn kzw t]cn Xs cwKv hp. Fm
D-c-hm-Z-s tI{--fnepw Ah CsX-np. BZy hmtdm-e-tbm \o-Xm-bn-cpp AXv. BZy-t-Xns\ At]-nv F\n-sXn-sc-bp hnai-\-v ISpw Ipd-hpv. ]s, hnjbw
Rm Xs. Pam-A-ns\ hnain-p--XmWv ImcWw. JXzv-
Pam-As Ckvem-an-bpsS Hcp Id-h--ip-hm-bn-cpp. Bh-iywt]mse ]m- Npc-n-sm-Sp-p ]ip. Fs ki-\hpw kmn[yhpw XS-bWw. IqSmsX Fs hmp-I sImSp-m-m-m sI]p {]K--\mb F.]n. Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp-Xpw Hcp `oj-Wnbmbn Ah In-cnpw.
As\ apl-Zv keow aue-hn-bpsS Ad_n eLp-te-Jv
Rm A-anv Ad-_n-bn Xs adp-]Sn Xm-dmn. cp eLpte-J-I-fn-tebpw {][m\ Dw Rm\m-bn-cpp. hni-Z-ambn Xm-dmnb adp-]Sn t^mtm-tIm-n-I-sf-Spv ]WvUn-X-mpw _-s
HutZym-KnI tI{--fn-tepw Abp. Fs _lp-am\y kplrv
ssiJv _v\p lP CXv hmbnp Gsd ktm-jnp. IrXn ae-bm-fn-tev XP-a sNbvXv {]kn-o-I-cn--W-sapw FtmSpw Fs
kplr-p--fmb ae-bm-fn-I-tfmSpw Atlw \nt-inp. R
CXv B{K-ln--Xp-am-bn-cpp. Ad_v \mSp-I-fn Da AlvaZv asse_mcn F-- t]-cn-em-Wv- Rm- A-dn-b-s-Sp--Xv.- A-Xv- sIm-m-Wv- "Phm-_p- a-sse-_m-cn-'- F t] Cu IrXnv \In-bXv. A]-Xn-e[nIw -t]-Pp-I-fp Cu ]pkvXIw 1982 s^{_p-h-cn-bn-emWv {]kn-oI-cn-Xv. Pam-As Ckveman JXz-dn tNmZyw sN-s-Sm AP-i-n-bmbn hmW-cp-fn-bn-cp Ah-v CSnhv kw`-hnp. Ahsc
in-bmbn ASn-m-\p Hcp hSn Ah Xs Fs ssI-bn-tev
Cp-X-cn-I-bm-bn-cpp. Al-mcw _lp-a-Xn-bmbn kzbw kzoI-cn-

568

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p Ghpw Cu Zpbm-hn shp Xs Ccw Xncn--Sn-I

DmIpw. Amlp \s Zpkz-`m-h--fn \nv Imp-c-n-s.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

73
Nne tNmZy- adp-]-Snbpw
Zbm-]pcw tkmh-\o 94.- No^v FUn-, Sn.Fw. kmhmIpn.A\-h[n t] CXv In-cn-m CS-bn. tImgn-tmSv A Ckvemw
Nmcn--_n {Sns Iogn \ \ne-bn \S-p Zbm-]pcw dknUjy kvIq,- Akmcn A\m-Y-ime Fn-h-bpsS Zi-h--cmtLm-j-tm-S-\p-_-nv ]pd-n-d-nb tkmh-\o.- tkmh-\o
Inn tIc-f-nse {]K-cpw {]i-kvX-cp-amb hnZym-`ymk kmwkvIm-cnI t\Xm-v ]v tNmZy- Ab-p-sImv Hcp N
kwL-Sn-np. tUm. F.F.]n. DIpn, s{]m^. sI.F. Peo,
tUm. F.F. Icow, tUm. C.sI. Alva-ZvIpn, s{]m^. aS A_vZp Akokv, ]n. apl-Zv Ip-tcn, Icp-hn apl-Zv auehn,
sI.kn. A_vZp auehn, tUm. sI. sambvXp XpS-n-b-h Cu
N-bn ]s-Spp. Iq-n F\npw Abp. Cu {]K--mcpsS enn m\w Inm Hcp tbmKy-Xbpw F\n-n-m-bn-cpp.
kmhmIpn kmln_v {]tXyI X]-cy-sa-Spv tNmZy- Ab-Xm-sWv a\-n-embn. At-l-n\v F-tm-Sp-- kv-t\-l-hpwRm- \o-Xn-]p-e-p-sa-p--- hn-izm-k-hp-am-bn-cn-mw- C-Xn-\v- Im-cWam-b-Xv.- Ctm CsX-Spv ]d-bp-Xv Hcp ktmjw {]I-Sn-n IqSn-bmWv. Fs Bkplrv F\nv \Inb AXnIhn ]cn-K-W\. {]K kmaq-lnI hnZym-`ymk Nn-I-tcm-sSm-w
Cu km[p-hn-t\bpw Ds-Sp-nb ktmjw.
]v tNmZy--fn Hm-as tNmZyhpw AXn\v Rm \Inb
adp-]-Snbpw ChnsS tNp-Xv Cu ktmjw \n-fp-ambn ]psh-p--Xn\v thn-bm-sWv Icp-Xn-tmfq.
tNmZyw: apkvenw-I-fpsS kmaq-ln-I-amb ]ntm-m-h-v ImcWw aX-tm-Sp Ah-cpsS AXncv Ihn B`n-ap-Jy-am-sWv
Hcp hmZ-apv. Xm CXn-t\mSv tbmPn-p-ptm?
adp-]Sn: Rm ]qW-ambpw tbmPn-pp. AXncv IS- Hcp

569

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

{]iv\-n\pw ]cn-lm-c-a. adnv AXv Nne-tm {]Xy--n

A]-I-S-ambpw ap-Nn-e-tm Zqc-hym-]-I-amb Zpjv^-e-v ImcW-ambpw `hn-p--XmWv.
apkvenw-I-fpsS kaq-e-amb ]ntm-m-h-v ImW-ambn `hnXv aX-tm-Sp AXncv Ihn Ah-cpsS B`n-ap-Jyw-X-s-bmWv-. aX-Im-cy-n AXncv Ihn-bp--Xns\ Jp-B\pw kppw
in-bmbn hntcm-[n-n-cpp.
""thZ-msc, \n aX-Im-cy-n AXncv Ihn-b-cpXv''- (\nkmAv
171).- Cu hN\w apkvenw-Iv _m[-I-a-sv Bcpw [cn--cp-Xtm.
{]hm-NI injy-m-cpsS-bn-Sbnepw A-Xn-cv- I-hn-b-en-s- kq-N-\- I-p.\_n AXn-s\-Xn-cn in-bmbn {]Xn-I-cn-p-I-bp-ap-mbn. Botbm-Xn e`n--W-sa kZp-t-iy-m A-t-l-n-s aqv
A\p-N-c-m ssIsIm Nne Xocp-am-\- ChnsS a\-n-em-pXv kt`m-Nn-Xa
- m-bn-cnpw. Hm-a cm{Xn apgp-h Dd-s
- am-gnv
kpv \a-kvIm-c
- n apgp-Ip-hm\pw cm-a hnhm-l
- n \nv
hn-Ip {_-Ncyw BN-cn-m\pw aq-m-a- hjw apgp-h t\m\p-jvTn-phm\pw Xocp-am-\np. {]hm-N-I Cu hnh-c-a-dnp Ahsc
hnfn-p-h-cpn. Xs Ncy Ahv hni-Zo-I-cnp sImSpp. cm{Xn
Ipsd kabw Dd-p-Ibpw tijw DWv \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.
kpv t\mp-I CS-hn Znh-k--fn am-{Xw A\p-jvTnpw.
hnhml _-n Gsv IpSpw_ Pohn-X-n-s kpJ-Zpx-J-
]p-sh-p--p. CXmWv Xs Ncy F-dn-bn tijw \_n C{]Imcw XmoXv sNbvXp. Fs Ncysb B CjvS-s-Sp-n-tbm
Ah Fns]--h-\. Cu hmIy-ns Kuchw hni-Zo-I-cn-t-Xn-tm. AXncv IS B`n-apJyw ]mSn--Xs.
alm-m-sf BZ-c-]qw kvacn--W-sa-Xv Ckvem-ans kmaqlnI acym-Z-I-fn s]-Xm-Ipp. kaqlw CXn AXncv ISp. BZchv Bcm-[-\-bmbn. acn-p-t]mb alm-m-v `uXn-Im-Xo-X-amb
Adnhpw Ign-hp-ap-sv kaqlw [cnp. {]mn-m Ah tIp-sapw klm-bn-p-sapw hniz-knp. ]WvUn-X-mcpw Ihn-Ifpw Iem-Im-c-mcpw Cu A-hn-izm-ks \mbn t{]mm-lnnp. hSt Cy-bn {]Nm-c-n-ep Hcp DdpZp Ihn-X-bnse
cp hcn Chn-sS D-cnmw.
""hlntPm apkvX-hnta Aiv Ym JpZm-tlm- DY- ]Tmsl Hm

570

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

aZo-t\sa apkvX^m tlm''ssZh-ambn knwlm-k-\-n Btcm-lWw sNbvX-h-cmtcm, Ah- apkvX-^-bmbn aZo-\-bn Ah-X-cn-n-cn-pp.
J_-dp-I sIn-bp-b-cp-sXv {]hm-N-I ITn-\-ambn hntcm[n-n-pv. kaqlw AXnI-Sp.- Pmd-fpw aJv_-d-Ifpw ZK-Ifpw
\msSm-ppw Dbp. Cu FSp-p-I-sfm-sbpw Bcm-[n--s-Sp
tI{--fmbn. AhnsS hmZy-ta-f-,- Icn-a-cpv {]tbmKw XpS-nb-h -t]mepw C_m-Z-mbn ]cn-W-anp. Kpcp-X-c-amb AXnI-hn-.
]WvUn-X-t\-Xmm Ccw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn kw_-n-p-sImv
kaq-ls t{]mm-ln-np. hnizm-k-nepw I-nepw apkvenwI ]men- n- c n- t Am- l p- h ns IWn- i - a mb GI- X z- a mWv
ChnsS Xmdp-am-dm-bXv.
Bcy-s\-gpv ]Tn--cpXv,- AXv \c-I-nse `mj-bmWv. ]WvUnX-m Cs\ ^Xvh \In. aX-tm-Sp AXnhn B`n-apJyw.
kaqlw Cu I]\ kzoI-cn--tm hnZym-hn-lo-\-cm-Ip-Ibpw kmaqln-Ia-mbn hfsc ]ntmw t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Jp-B Aw
]Tn--cpXv, ]Tn-n--cpXv, ]cn-`m-j-I {]N-cn-n--cpXv Fv {]Jym]n-Xpw AXn Ihn--embn. kaqlw Bob hnZy-bnepw ]ntm-ambn. s]Ip-n-I Fgpv ]Tn-p-Xpw ]n-bn PpapA PamA-n\v ]s-Sp-p-Xpw \njn--am-sWv ]WvUn-X-m hn[np.
aX-tm-Sp B`n-ap-Jy-n AXn ISp. AtXmsS kap-Zm-bnse A hn`mKw Bo-b-ambpw `uXn-I-ambpw A[x-]-Xnp.
]ntm--ambn.
A\n-kvem-anI `c-W-Iq-S-tmSv Iqdp-]p-eepw atX-Xc P\m-[n]Xy hyh--bpsS \ne-\nn-\p-thn- bXv\nepw sXc-s-Sp-n m\mn-bm-Ie-pw thmv tcJ-s-Sp--ep-samw Xulo-Zn\v
hncp-hpw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bvv Xpey-hp-am-sWv Hcp Iq knmnp. CXv ISp AXn Ihnb-emWv. km DtZym-K- ]mSnspw Iem-e-b- inns D]-I-c-W-am-sWpw \nb-a-]oTw
XmKq-ns Bm-\-am-sWpw Ah {]N-cn-np. Fm Cu
\ho\ knmw apkvenw kaqlw Xnc-kvI-cn--Xn-\m ]ntm-m-hv CsXmcp i-amb Imc-W-am-bn.
aX-ns ASn-m\ aqey--tfm-Sp hnap-JX i-am-I-p-Ibpw
Xm-\v AXnhn B`n-apJyw _e-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\m

571

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

A-hn-izm-k-fpw Zpcm-Nm-c-fpw ]mc--cy-ambn e`n amaq-ep-Ifp-amWv apkvenw kap-Zm-bs hebw sNbvXn-cp-Xv. kap-Zmbw
kmaq-ln-I-amb ]ntm-m-h--bpsS Bgn-bn-tev Bp-t]mbn.
Zb-\o-b-amb Cu Ah--bn \nv kaq-ls Dbn-sb-Spm\pw Bi-b-]-c-amb ]cn-h-\-n-eqsS Ahsc kap--cn-m\pw
Gsd {ia-I-c-amb Ckz-vemlo {]h-\- thn hp. Btdgp
Zi-I--fpsS {]h\ ^e-ambn Ipsd-sbms am- Fm
cwKpw Dmbn. AXnI-hnb- Hgn-hm-nb \ne-bn aX-tmSv
B`n-ap-Jy-ap-m-Ip-I-bmWv thXv. aX-tm-Sp hnap-JX `uXn-Iamb apt--n\v XS--am-Ip-I-bn-s-nepw [mn-I-amb \mi-n\v
tlXp-hmIpw.
XmSn hf, aZy ab-p-a-cp-p-Isf hn-, kv{XoI
ku-cy-{]-I-S\w Hgn-hmn ] [cn- Xp-S-n-b- Imcy-
]ptcm-K-a\ kz`m-h-n\v tbmPn-m-Xpw AXn Ihn aXm-`nap-Jy-hp-w- B-sWv [cn-p--hcpw Dv. tNmZy-n A`-hn-np "hmZw' Cu \ne-p--Xm-sW-n Rm AXn-t\mSv hntbm-Pnp-Ibpw sNpp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

74
{i-t-b-am-b- H-cp- hni-Zo-I-cWw
{]K ae-bmf `mjm]WvUn-X\pw \ncq-]I
- \pw BZ-cW
- o-b\
- p-am-b
{ioam iqc-\mv Ip]n km k-k-_o-en-te-v- Ab Hcp
Ipw XZvhn-j-b-I-ambn tUm. Dkvam kmln_v \Inb hni-Zo-I-cWhpw ]T-\m-l-am-bn-cpp. 1975 amv ew kk-_o hmbn-tijw {io. Ip--]n km Fgp-Xnb B- Ipw AXn Bhiy-sXp- {]-Im-cw- D-m-b- Nne hni-Zo-I-c-W-f-pw hmb-\-mv
Fpw D]-I-cn-p-sa-mWv Rm Icp-Xp-Xv.
_lp-am\y auehn kmln-_n\v, kvt\lm-Z-c-]p-c-cw Fgp-XpXv.kk-_o amkn-I-bpsS 1975 amv ew ktm-j-]p-c-cw
hmbnp. A`n-\-\w. AXn Hcp kwK-Xn-sb-nn A]w hni-Zo-I-

572

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

cWw Dm-bm Ckvemw knm--n {]tXyI m\-an-m-hv D]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-p-sav Adn-bn-m Fgp-Xp--XmWv. Ckvemw
kwkvImc {]Nm-c-W-n\v \n-fpsS amknI \n-ln-p-t]m-cp
{]iw-k-\o-b-amb tkh-\-n-e-p hnizm-ks B[m-c-am-n-bmWv
Cu At].
Jp-B Am-lp-hns hN-\-am-sWv Hcp Iqcpw, A JpB- Am-lp-hns krjvSn-bmWv Fv ap Nnecpw hmZn-p--Xmbn
{]Xn-]m-Zn-n-p-tm. (]p. 6, ew 3, An-]-co--W-n, Sn.sI.
aplvbn-o Dacn).- Cu hmZ-n ""hN\w'' ""krjvSn'' Fn-hb
- vp
hyXymkw hy-am-n-bm Ckvem-anI ]WvUn-X-m-c-m--hv
{]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cnpw. {]]w apgp-h Xs Am-lp-hns
krjvSn-bt? Am-lp-hns i_vZ-cq-]-amb krjvSn-sb-t IcptX-Xv, hN-\s?- CXn-s-sbmw icn-bmb kam-[m\w XXz-Nn-bn Dm-bn-cn-m-sav Icp-Xpp. AXn-\m Cu hnj-bs {]Xn]m-Zn-p-Xv D]-Im-c-am-bn-cnpw.
]e-tmgpw ktmjw Adn-bn--W-sav tXmn-bn-pv. ka-bp-d-hp-sImv Fgp-Xm--XmWv. tam-iw-k-I. ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\mb Am-lp-hns Znhym-\p-{K-l-n\v {]mn-p-sImv hnt[b.
(H-v)
iq-c-]n--bp-sS- kw-i-b--v- F-s- kp-l-r-v- tUm.- D-kv-am\-In-b- hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww C-{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-p-:-- Jp-B Am-lphns hN-\-amWv Fv ]d-bp-Xpw krjvSn-bm-sWv ]d-bp-Xpw
Xn hfsc A-c-apv. Amlp Dt-in-p--Xns\ iq\y-X-bn
\npw krjvSn-p--Xp-t]m-se-b Ah-\n nXn sNp Ahs hN\w. krjvSn-n-s\-p-dnv Jp-B ]d-bp-Xv t\mpI.
""Ah h kwK-Xnbpw Dt-in-m Imcyw C{X-am-{X-amWv; AXnt\mSv Ah ]dbpw:- ""Dm-IpI'' Fv. Atm AXv DmIpw.''
(bmko 82) Dm-IpI F hN\w krjvSn-b. B I]-\-bpsS
{]Xn-I-c-W-ambn iq\y-X-bn \np-S-se-Sp-p hkvXp-hmWv krjvSn. Am-lp-hns Imcp-Wy-hpw hn-m-\hpw bpnbpw ap
hnti-j-X-Ifpw t]mse- X-s-bm-Wv Ahs hN-\hpw. Am-lphns ImcpWyw Am-lp-hns kr-jvSn-bm-sWv ]d-bm ]m-Xp-t]mse Am-lp-hns hN-\hpw Ah-s krjvSn-bm-sWv ]d-

573

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

p-IqSm. Fm al-ZvKp-W-fpw Ah-\n-epv. F-m- kr-jvSn,Dm-I-W-sav Ah Dt-in-p-tm D`qX-am-Ip- H-m-Wv-.

""Am-lp-hns i_vZ-cq-]-amb krjvSn Ft Icp-tX-Xv hN\s'' F tNmZy-n\v A-apv. kmm hN\w enJnX
cq]tam i_vZ cq]tam at-sX-nepw cq]tam Bt-jn-p--Xn\v
apv AYhm Bt-jn-msX Xs \ne-\np ssZhoI KpW
hnti-j-amWv. AXv krjvSn-b. Fm i_vZ-cq-]tam enJnX cq]tam kzoI-cn-p-tm \psS hmb-\-bn DS-se-Sp-p i_vZhpw
Fgp-Xp-tm cq]w- sIm-p en]nbpw krjvSn-bm-sWv ]dbmw.
]s, kmm Jp-B Hcn-epw krjvSn-b. ssZhnI KpW-hnti-j-X-bmWv. ]s, \mw HmXn ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p i_vZhpw HmX
tIp i_vZhpw IS-em-n kzcq-]n-p en]nbpw krjvSnbmWv. Jp-B krjvSn-bm-sWpw Aspw ]p-Im-e-p-mb
kwhm-Z-s-n hmbn-p-tm C{X-sbmw Ipg--n\v CXv ImcW-am-n-btm Fv ApXw tXmpw. aX-nse hnizm-k-]-c-amb
Imcy--fn bmsXmcp ]pXn-bXpw sImp-h-cm ]mSn-s apIme ]WvUn-m-cpsS IWn-i-amb \ne-]mSpw ChnsS \apv a\-nemmw. Jp-B Am-lp-hns "hN\w' Fv am{X-amWv Jp-B\pw {]hm-NI hN-\-fpw \s ]Tn-n-p-Xv. "krjvSn' F ]pXnb hmZw AsX{X \ncp-]-{Z-h-I-c-am-sWv tXmn-bmepw kzoI-cn-phm Ah Xm-dm-bn. aX-n ]pXn-b-Xns\ FXnpI Fp-Xn\p thn Pbnen- t]mIm\pw acn-mt]mepw Ah Xmdm-bn. Cukm-\_n Am-lp-hns ]p{X-\m-sW {InkvXym-\n-IfpsS hmZw BZy-Im-ev Hcp Be-m-cnI {]tbm-K-sa \nev
am{X-am-bn-cpp kzoI-cn-Xv. ssZh-n\v Ghpw CjvS-s--h
F A-n BZy-Im-e--fn As\ ]dp. ]nm-e-fn {InkvXp-a-X-ns ASn-m\w Xs Cu {]tbmKw amn-fp. AXp-sImv aX-n bmsXmcp ]pXn-bXpw A\p-h-Znm hnp-ho-gvN-bn-m \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-p-Xv aX-ns `{ZXbvv hfsc Bh-iy-am-Ipp. Cu `{Z-Xbvv A]w Abhv A\ph-Zn-m Imcy-amsI A]-I-S-n-em-bn-ocpw.
GXm-bmepw Am-lp-hns hN\w Am-lp-hns krjvSn-b.
hnip--Jp-B Am-lp-hns hN-\-amWv. AXn-e-p-d-sampw \mw
]d-bp-I-bn. Cu hnizm-k-]-c-amb Cu Imcy-n Jp-B\pw \_n-

574

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

h-N-\-fpw shfn-hm-n--cp--Xn-\-pdw t]mImsX IWn-iX

]men- Bh-iy-am-Ipp.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

75
]nXm-]p{X kam\w
Fs hyn-_---fpsS ]nI \nc-n-bm Hcp sSe-t^m
Ub-c-IvS--dn-tbmfw Nne-tm hep-Xm-bn-cnpw. AXn-e-[n-Ihpw
BZi \n_--amWv. NneXv apdp-Inb kplr-Zv_--ambn `hn-npv. NneXv IpSpw-_-t-m kpZr-V-am-bn-on-pv. A]qw
NneXv hmp-IsImtm A-c--fn-eq-sStbm A]-{K-Yn-m
Ign-bm--hn[w sshIm-cn-I-amWv. A-c-n-ep Hcp _-s-n-bm-Wn-hnsS Ipdn-p-Xv. AXp-sImv Xs hmp-Ipthn Rm Xn--S-bp-I-bmWv. Fs\ XpS-Ww, Fp ]dbWw, Fv \nev Ah-km-\n-n-Ww Fsmpw F\nv Xncnbp-n. Znh-k--fmbn Rm Btem-Nn-pp. HSp-hn Fsmstbm Ipdn-p-I-bmWv. kulrZw,- kvt\l-kp-cw, hmeyw,
BZ-chv, Fhn-sS-bm-sWs a\v DSn \np--Xmthm? XnIpw
\n-N-\m-Xo-Xhpw hnh-c-Wm-Xo-X-hp-amb Hcp sshIm-cn-Im-h--bn
Rm\pw Fs a\pw Dg-ep-I-bmWv.
Fs kvt\l-h-e-b-n Hcp ]mSv `nj-Kz-c-m-cpv. Atem-Xn,
BbpthZw, tlman-tbm-Xn, bq\m\n, {]Ir-Xn-tbmKw As\
t]mIpp Ch-cpsS sshZy-ta-J-e-I. Nne-cpsS t]cp-Ifpw s]sv
Hmp-pv. Ftmgpw a\-n ambmsX InS-p t]cp-I-fn
BZy-tXv tUm. Fw. Dkvam (\ne-q) Xs. ]Xn-m-p-I-tf-sdbmbn B t]cv a\-n Ib-dn-q-Sn-bnv. Ct-l-ns ]nXmhv Fs
kplr-m-bn-cpp. tImgn-tmSv ]m-f--n-bn JXz-o-_m-bn-cp
40Ifn B _-ap-mbn. aI Dkvam aZn-c-m-in-bn saUn-
tImtf-Pn ]Tn-pp F-dn--tm, Hcn- Rm aZn-cm-inbn t]mb L-n AhnsS sNv Ip ]cn-N-b-sp. Amev Atlw Iyq-Wn-k-n-sbpw \nco-iz-c-Xz-n-sbpw ]S-hpI Nhn-n--b-dp-I-bm-bn-cpp. At-b-w-hsc Ibdn \np--Xn\n-S-bn-emWv alm-\mb sskZv aue-hnsb NnIn-mw At-l-

575

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ns n\n-n-tev Rm sImp-t]m-bXv. B IY t\cs ]dn-pv. sskZv auehn At-l-hp-ambn _w aXn-bm-nb kw`hw B Iq-n ]d-n-n. tcmKw t`Z-ambn n\n-n \npw
hon-tev aS-nb tijhpw CS-nsS ]cn-tim-[-\-mbn auehn
\ne-q-cn t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cpp. Hcn- sN-tm tUm. Dkvam Hcp kv{Xosb ]cn-tim-[n-p-I-bmWv. tijw Atlw Ahv
C-Ivj sImSpp. kqNn ssIX--bn Ib-n-b-tm kv{Xo
thZ\ \nanw s]sv "Amlv' Fv hnfnp. DSs\ tUmIvS
]d-bp-I-bmWv ""F\n-n-jvS-an-m Btcbpw Ctmv hnfn-p-I-b-cpXv.'' CXp-tIv sskZv auehn sRn. Atlw DSs\ Fgp-tv
]pd-n-dn. ]noSv Atmv Xncn-p-sN-n. hj- GXm\pw
]nnp. tUm. Dkvam Xncnp sskZv aue-hn-bn-tev hp. apkvenw
ae-_m-dns\ DWp-Ibpw hfp-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cm-bn-cpp
Ah. sskZv aue-hnbpw tUm. Dkvam\pw ]c-kv]cw BZ-cn-p
hninjvS kplr-p--fmbn amdn.
tUm. Dkvams amIvkn-k-n \npw Ckvem-an-te-p Xncnp-hc
- hv Rm t\cn A\p-`-hnp. Fs tImcn--cn-n B- cwKw
AtX A\p-`q-Xn-tbmsS Rm\n-tmgpw A\p-kva-cn-pp. Rm \mnen-m L-n-emWv tUmIvS-dpsS Xncn-p-h-chv. Rm\Xv Adn-ncp-p-sh-nepw Xn ImWm Ign-n. Hcp Znhkw shn-bmgvN
Ppap-A-bpsS ASp ka-bv Rm \ne-q-cnse \psS ]n-bnsen. h-tmgpw As\ Fn-s-m JXz-o_pw In-n-mcpw
JpXz-v_ \S-m FtmSv Bh-iy-sSpw. Rm kk-tmjw AXv
\n-ln-p-Ibpw sNp-am-bn-cpp. Apw Rm AXv {]Xo-np.
JpXz-v_-bpsS kabw ASp-n-cn-pp. Rm Xnc-nv hpfq sNbvXp
]n--I-tv Ib-dm Hcp-th an-dn \npw kemw ]d-bp
i_vZhpw XpSp _mpw tIp. Rm ]n--Iv Ibdn.- an-dntev t\mn-b-tm AXm an-dn kpc kpap-J-\mb tUm.
Dkvam Ccn-pp. at\m-l-c-amb knwlm-k-\-n cXv\- Ae-cn IncoSw inc-n-te-n-bn-cn-p kpc cmP-Ip-am-c-s\-tmse
Fs Dkvam an-dn-en-cpp Xnf-pp. Rm Atm A\p-`-hn
Bm-Z-n-sbpw B\--n-sbpw Afhv F{X-bm-bn-cp-p-shv
]d--dn-bn-m h.
F\nv t\cn Adn-bm-hp, Rm kvt\ln-p, Fs

576

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

kvt\ln-p tUmIvSam kztZ-ipw hntZ-ipw [mcm-f-apv.

t]sc-Spp ]d-bm XpS-n-bm Ftm-g-h-km-\n-p-sav \n-ban. Nnesc hnp-t]m-bm AsXmcp ]cn-`-h-n-\n-S-bmpw. F\nXv hnj-a-amIpw. tUmIvSam-cp-am-bp _--fpsS Ie-h-d-bn
\nv Hcmsf A,- Hcp Z-Xn-Isf Rm Xpd-s-Sp-s. bYmn Ah-sc-p-dnv cv hmv ]d-bm-\p-t-in-mWv Cu apJ-hpc
Fgp-Xn-bXv Xs. Xri-q Pn-bns] shn-S-nse tUm. Aen,
AtX Pn-bnse FS-ap-w tZiv tUm. Bbnj. cp-t]cpw tNv
bp.F.C.bnse APvam-\n kzw n\nv \S-pp. Xri-q-cnse
A-tm F e-p Fm kuI-cy--fp-ap aZ tlmkv]n- Ch-cpsS hI-bmWv. Bbn-j-bpsS ktlm-Z-c tUm. A_vZp low CXns apgp-h Npa-X-ebpw Gp \S-pp. tUm.
Aen Fs aI tUm. kmenan (s]cn-a)s kl-]m-TnbmWv.
APvam-\n t]mm^o-kn m^m-bn-cp Fs Hcp kvt\lnX-\pv. B.hn. apl-Zv auehn. F\nv At-ls henb CjvSamWv. inn-s\-Xn-cn kzw IpSpw-_-n kacw sNbvX-h\mWv. APvam-\n sNm Rm B.hn.sbImWpw. Hcn-
Atlw Fs tUm. Aen Bbn-j-am-cpsS n\n-n-tev Iqn-smp-t]mbn ]cn-N-b-s-Spn. Fs aIs kl-]m-Tn-bm-sW--dnp.
ZoIm-cy-n henb X-c-\mbn F\nv A\p-`-h-s-n. Hcp
kap-Zmb kvt\ln. A{X-am{Xw. B.hn. aue-hnv B IpSpw-_-hpambn _-apv. Ch-cpsS asf Jp-B ]Tn-n-p-Xpw AXymhiy Im-\p-jvTm-\- ]Tn-n-p-Xpw Ct-l-am-bn-cpp. AXn\m Atlw B IpSpw-_-ns DkvXm-ZmWv. Npcp-n- ]-d-bs,Cu tUmIvSam-cp-am-bp kvt\l_w Ftm FhnsS XpSn,
Fs\ AXv hfv ZrV-ambn Fsmpw IrXy-ambn ]d-bm
F\nv Ign-bn. AXv IpSpw-_-_--t-m i-amb Hcm--_-ambn. Fs a-fn \npw F\nv e`n kvt\lm-Z-c-hp-I,
tUm. Aen Bbn-j-am-cn \npw A\p-`-hn ]nXr-Xp-ey-amb
kvt\lw CXv tNv shv t\mn-bm Bghpw Xqhpw GsXv ]d-bm hm Hcm-m-\p-`qXn!- Fs BZi-ho--W--tfm-Sv
]qW-amb tbmPnpw Fs {]h-\-v \ntem-`-amb klmb-fpw \Inb Cu kplr-Zv_w ke^o {]m-\-tm-Sp

577

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

lrZ-b-_--ambn amdn. F{X s]s-mWv hnj-b--fpsS ImX

Ah Is-n-bXv!- Rm K^n sNp-tmgpw Ah \mn-sep-tmgpw IpSpw-_- Xn D _w ]pen.
Ah-cpsS HuZm-cy-l-kvX--fpsS tim`-bmWv Fs Ap-X-sSp-n-bXv. Amlp ]d-bpp. ""kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn \npw Amlp
Ah-cpsS i-co-c--tfbpw apX-ep-I-tfbpw hne-s-Sp-n-cn-pp,]Icw Ahv kzKw \Im-sa Icm-dn''.- Cu tUmIvS ZXn-I-sf-p-dnv Hmp-tm-sgms Jp-B-\nse Cu hN-\hpw Hw
a\-n Dbv hcpw. InS-m-S-an-m F{X-sb{X \n[-\mWv
Bizmk-ta-In-bXv. XmtmZm\ I-hp-an. DZvLm-S-\-hp-an. ]{X-fn hm-I-fn t^mtm A-Snp hc-ep-an. Rm ip]mi
sNbvX {]Imcw Rm aptJ\ \In-b-Xp-Xs A\-h-[n-bmWv.
hyn-Iv am{X-a, m]-\-pw. ktm-j-tmsS sImSppI, Dm-l-tmsS klm-bn-pI. Bcm-Wn-Xn apn! `mthm AtXm `mcytbm? [w sNm\pw kw`m-h\ \Im\pw
a-cn-p Z-Xn-am! Fs kk-_o Imcy-p-thn,
XncqmSv R-fpsS aZvd-kv thn,- hnj-a-a-\p-`-hn-p Fs
kplr-p-v thn, Rm ip]mi ]d-bp km[p-pthn, Cs\ thn, thn Fp ]d-p-t]m-bm s]sv
AX-h-km-\n-p-I-bn. {]mbm-[n-Iy-nepw Rm hn{i-a-an-msX
_nepw Im\-S-bmbpw apw \nc-cw bm{X sNp--Xv- A-h a\n-emn. AX-hv Ak-ly-ambn tXmn. IpSpw-_m-Zn-Iv
t]mepw tXmm-Xn-cp Zo\m-\p-I Ftm-Sp-mbn. Ah F\nv
Hcp ]pXnb Im hmn Xp. "C\n _n bm{X AcpXv' Fv ]d-tm kvt\lm-\p-I--bpsS Hcp imk-\-bm-bn-mWv F\n-Xv
A\p-`-h-s-Xv. B Im Inp-tm asmcp hn-p Izt-j
_l-dbv-\nse Hcp {Sv Bh-iy-s {]Imcw Atm--b-n-cpp.
CXv e`n--tm DSs\ Rm _l-dbv-\n-tev FgpXn. ""F\nv
hn Inn. C\n AXym-h-iy-an. Cu hn-sImp \S-m C\w
thWw. AXn-tev h klm-bhpw sNbvXm \v.'' Ah Hcp
kwJy Ab-p-Xp. B {Sv Fs ]e-tmgpw klm-bn-n-pv.
Rm As\ henb apX-em-fn-sb-tmse Imdn bm{X sNbvXpsIm-n-cpp. H Znh-khpw Hgn-hn. bm{X hnp. Bcpw Fs
Wn-n-s-nepw Rm bm{X -sNpw. hgn-bn ]cn-N-bhpw kvt\l-

578

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

_-h
- p-ap m]-\--fnepw IpSpw-_--fn-ep-samw hn- \nn
sNv _w ]pXppw. {]kw-K-n\pw apw t]mbm A]qambn Nne F ASn-m hXpw Xcpw. Xm hmpw. ]ecpw
Rm henb apX-em-fn-bm-sWv IcpXn Hpw Xcn. Fnepw Fs
Bh-iy- A-en-msX GsX-nepw hgn-bn-eqsS dv ]qnbmpw.
tUm. Aen Z-Xn-am-sc-p-dnv Rm A[nIw {]iw-kn-p-n.
{]i-wk CjvS-s-Sp Hcp Zpoew Nne-tm ]nimNv a\-n ISn-hn-Sm {ianpw. AtXmsS Fmw hrYm-hn-embn. Rm\m-bnv
AXn\v Imc-W-am-I-cp-Xtm. Ah Ccw {]iw-k-Itfm {]kn-ntbm Xosc CjvS-s-Sp--h-c-sv Rm a\-n-em-n-bn-pv. Amlp CjvS-s-Sp Hcp kmwkvIm-cnI t_m[-am-WXv. kap-Zm-b-nse
k--m tUm. Aen Bbn-j-am-sc-tmse Bbn-cp-p-sh-n
Cu kap-Zm-b-ns Htsd hnj-a-{]-iv\- ]cn-lr-X-am-tbs\.
GXm-bmepw Ah-cpsS kvt\l emf-\-I Rm hfsc A\p-`-hnpp. Hcp ]nXm-hns hm-ey-`m-h-tmsS.- adnv _lp-am-\hpw
BZ-chpw Xncn-p-\Im Ah F\nv Ah-kcw \Im-dn.
Fs kvt\l-a-msX asmpw Ah Bin-p-n. ZoL-Ime-am-bn-n Cu _w. ]s A]Xpw Adp-]Xpw hj- ]g-ap kulrZ _-sf Ih-pshv A-Xv- apn \npp.
Zp-bm-hn \npw hnp-]n-cn-mepw CXv XpS-cWw. ]c-tem-Iv
Ah-v e`n-m CS-bpq, Amlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-ambn \Snb B DS-Sn {]Imcw e`n-t-m-hp kzK-ns GsX-nepw Hcp hc-v F\npw \nWw,- tUmIvS Aen Bbnjm
Z-Xn-Isf ImWm,- B kvt\l-em-f-\-I Gp-hm-m. Amlpth! Rv \o `mKyw \tI-Wta.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

76
epep sk
temI-{]-kn--am-Wn-tm Cu t]cv. Xrq Pn-bnse \mnI kztZin Fw.F. bqk^v Aen Fw.F. BWv CXns amt\-Pnv Ubc-IvS. epep Hcp t]cv am{X-amWv. \nc-h[n t]cp-I-fn K^v taJ-e-

579

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

bn-emsI ]cv InS-p Fw.sI. {Kqns hyh-kmb irw-Je. B{^n- \mSp-If-nepw Cy-bnepw \on-cn-pp. Btd-gm-bncw
sXmgn-em-fn-I Cu m]-\--fn tPmen sNp-pv. A[n-Ihpw
ae-bm-fn-I Xs.
hyh-kmb {]ap-J-s\ \ne-bn Cy-bnse `c-W-th-Zn-I-fnepw
K^v `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-In-S-bnepw {]tXyIw ]cn-K-Wn--s-Sp
D-X-\mWv bqk-^en. Ct-l-amWv 85Imew apX Fs K^v
bm{X-bpsS kvt]mk Fv ]d-m ]ecpw hniz-kn-sv
hcn. Fm kXy-am-WXv. A_q-Zm_n Cy Ckvem-anIv sk
lmfn Ahn-sSs Ckz-vemln sk kwL-Sn-n Fs Hcp
{]`m-jWw tIm bqkp^v Aen kmln_v hp. Hcp kplrn-t\m-sSmv Ahn-Nm-cn-X-ambn Fn-b-XmWv. sImn-bn \npw
Fd-Wm-Ip-f-tv IS-p--Xp-t]mse, XncqmSv \npw Am-Snp-d-tv Hmtm-dn--bn t]mbn hcp--Xp-t]mse As-n
AXn-t\-m emL-h-tmsS \mSp-I-fn \npw \mSp-I-fn-tev
bm{X sNp Cu hyh-kmb {]ap-J\v Hcp {]kwKw tIm
thn Hcpn hcm Fhn-sS-bmWv kabw?! Ahn-Nm-cnXw Fv ]dXv AXp-sIm-mWv. B {]kw-K-nse hnjbw "JfmAv- JZv'
Bbn-cpp. Xe-bn-se-gpv knmw Fv kn.F. auehn Bt]np Xnb hnjbw, auZqZn kmln_v Cuam Imcy--fn
\npw kq{X-n Hgn-hmn An nc-s-Sp-nb hnjbw!
CXv kw_--ambn Htsd tNmZy- F\nv Inn-bn-pv. Ipg-pa-dnv Ag-Ip-g--\m-nb Cu hnjbw P\-v lrZy-am-Ip
\ne-bn Ah-X-cn-n-m F\nv Ignhv \Im Rm Am-lphn-t\mSv hfsc {]mn-n-pv. \nc--c-amb {]m-\bpw Nn-bpambn Ipsd \m Ign-p-IqSn. HSp-hn Hcp cq]w sXfn-p-Inn.
Jp-B-\nepw lZo-knepw hn-p hnj-b- sXc-s-Spv
t{ImUo-I-cnpw Imtem-Nn-X-amb DZm-l-c-W--fn-eqsS t{imXm-sf
t_m[y-s-Sp-nbpw Rm JfmAv- JZvdns\ hni-Zo-I-cnp. tI-hscmw hfsc lrZy-am-sbv t\cn ]dp. As\ kk-_oen-eqsS Rm AXv FgpXn. hf-sc-tbsd Bfp-I-fpsS sXn-m-cW
Cu hnj-b-n \on-b-Xmbn t_m[y-ambn. ]e-hw CXv Bhn-s-gp-Xn-bn-pv. ew ]cn-anXn ImcWw Bhn-p-n.
Cy Ckvem-anIv sk lmfn tN tbmK-n Rm

580

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Cu hnjbw Hcp aWn-q-dn-tesd ka-b-sa-Spv Ah-X-cn-np. BfpI ImXv Iqnv tIp-sIm-n-cpp. Ahv CXv ]pXn-b-Xm-bncpp. ]cn-]mSn Ignp. bqk^v Aen ASp-p-hp. ]cn-N-b-sp.
Av Atlw F\nv Hcp km\w \In. K^n hc-W-sav
tXmp-tm-sgmw AXns bm{X-n-ehv Xm hln-p--XmWv
Fv. AXv Atlw ]menp. B^o-kn AXn\v th GmSp
sNbvXp. Rm A_p-Zm-_n-bn, bqk-^-en-bpsS B^o-kn Fn
Snv ImWn-m DSs\ ]Ww Inpw. ]Xn-m-n-te-sd-bmbn Cu
B\p-Iqeyw Rm A\p-`-hn-pp. Fs hnk-bpsS kvt]mk
bp.F.C.se Iym_n-\v \ne-hm-c-n-ep Hcp Ad_n kvt\ln-X\mWv. Ap hj-tv hnk mv sNpw. Bdv amk-n-semcn- \n_--ambpw bm{X sNbvXn-cn-Ww. As-n hnk
Iymk-emIpw. bqk-^en kmln-_ns klm-b-tmsS Rm apSmsX K^v bm{X \S-n-sm-n-cpp. h-tm-gpta At-l-hpambn apJm-apJw ImWp-I-bpq. \mn-ep-s--dn-m Rm
hon t]mbn ImWpw. hfsc kvt\lm-Z-c-hp-I-tfmsS Ftmgpw
FtmSv kl-h-kn-p tImSo-iz-c\pw hyh-kmb {]ap-J-\p-amb
bqk-^-en-bn \npw e`n Cu B\p-Iqeyw Ftmgpw \n-tbmsS
Rm kvacn-pp. Amlp At-l-n\v Al-amb \ sNmcnbp-am-dm-Is.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

77
]nW-m Iqp-Im-c
sI.F. C_vdmlow auehn. tIcf PwC--p De-am-bpsS
{]kn-Uv. Ipsd-Imew sk{I--dn-bm-bn-cpp. aZo-\-p Deqw
Ad_n tImsf-Pns (]pfn-) {]nkn-m-fm-bn-cpp. B m]-\n Ipw Icfpw ImXp-am-bn-cpp. sIsbn Fv am{Xw ]dm {]m-\-cw-K-p--hv apgp-h Adnbmw. Fm F\nv Atlw CsXm-p-a. Fs {]nb-s Iqp-Im-c-\mWv. Bdp
]Xn-m-p-I-fm-bp Iqp-Im-c. sNdp--n IS-h-q-cn-ep
At-l-ns Xd-hmp hon shp Ip-ap-n-b-tm XpS-nb
_-amWv. aX-cw-Ks Fs Fm {]h-\-pw Fs

581

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]np-W, t{]mm-ln-n Iqp-Im-c. Fs hyn IpSpw_

_--fnepw ap hnj-b--fnepw sI.F.C. Adn-bm--Xmbn
Hp-an. Rm Hmp-t\mn, ZoL-amb Cu _-n Ftmsg-nepw Hcp Cf-tam, t]mdtem Dm-bn-ptm? Ct-bn. Acw Akp-J-I-c-amb Htcmbpw C. Rm kk-_o amkn-I
XpS-p Imcyw BZyw Btem-Nn-Xv sI.F.C.tbmSmWv. As\ Fmw At-l-tmSv ]dbpw. Ipim-{K-_p-nbpw ZoL-Zr-jvSn-bpap Bfm-W-tlw. `uXnI Imcy--fnepw \ D-mWv sI.F.C.v.- ka-\mb `c-W-N-Xp-c-\m-W-tlw Fv ]pfn- aZo\-p Deq-ans Ncn{Xw hnfn-tm-Xpp. Atlw GsX-nepw
Imcy-n FXn-c-`n-{]mbw ]d-m Rm B hgnv ]ns \Sp-I-bn. F\nv A{X-tbsd hnizm-k-amWv At-ls. Fs
kplr-p- Xs Nne Imcy--fn, Rm hnap-JX ImWn-ptm kzIm-cy-ambn ]d-Xv Rm Adn-n-pv,- AXv aue-hnsb
sIsbn Xncn--XmWv Fv. an-hmdpw AXv kXy-am-bn-cnpw.
R-fpsS Cu _w hnh-cn-m XpS-n-bm Bbncw t]Pp-I
Fgp-tX-n-h-tpw. Cu _w R-fn-sem-cm bm{X ]d-bptmtg th]n-cn-bp-I-bpq. Fpw {]mn-p--Xm-WnXv. am{Xa, ]c-tem-Ipw CXns XpS Ghpw \-\n-e-bn XpS-c-Wsa {]m-\-bp-apv. Amlp kzoI-cn-p-am-d-m-Is.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv

78
cp kzImcy ZpxJ-
Rm Fs \ bph-Xz-ns Imev Hcp cmw hnhmlw
\S-n-bn-pv. Fs Ba--fn aq-h _io Ipn-bm-bn-cnp-tm-gm-bn-cpp Cu kw`hw. ]s, GI-tZiw aqv hjw
am{Xta B _w \op-\n-pq. ZpxJ-I-c-ambn am{Xw Fpw Hmn-p th]n-cnhv. B hnhmlw thn-h-Xpw th]n-cn-Xpw
Nne {]tXyI kml-N-cy-n-em-bn-cpp. sshIm-cn-I-amb B ]mew ChnsS hnh-cn-t--Xn-s-mWv a\v ]d-bp-Xv. Cu _n F\nv Hcp aI P\np.- A_vZp. A_vZp--bpsS D
Bky-sb Fs ASp IpSpw-_-ns] Hcm Xs-bmWv

582

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

]noSv hnhmlw sNbvXXv. A_vZp kvIqfn ]T\w XpS-nb

tijw Fs IqsS-bm-bn-cpp. ]Tn-m hfsc ka-\m-bn-cpp.
Fnepw Ahs apJv kZm Hcp hnjm-Z-`mhw Dm-bn-cptm
Fv F\nv Hcp tXm. Nne-tm shdpw tXm-emImw. ]mew AXm-Wtm. Ahs D ]p\hn-hml _-n Ggv
s]a-sfbpw- H-cm-Ip-n-sb-bpw- {]k-hnp. A_vZp Ahs
D-tbbpw ktlm-Z-cn-am-tcbpw \mbn kvt\lnp. Ah ]Tnp
DtZymKw t\Sn hcp-am-\-am-b-tm Ahsc \mbn kwc-np. ktlm-Z-cn-I-sf hnhmlw sNbvXp sImSp-Xv Ahs kwc--W-bnem-bn-cpp. Dv kpJ-an-m-Xn-cn-p Ah--bn Ah ln\v t]mbn. Av Ah- kpDu-Zn-bn-em-bn-cpp tPmen. Ctm bp.F.C.bnemWv. sSe-t^m Imcym-e-b-n \mn \ m\-ncn-p-tm AXv Dt]-nv hntZ-iv t]mbn. Ctmgpw AtX
hIp-n Xs-bmWv tPmen. \ i-fhpw kuI-cy--fp-ap
DtZym-K-amWv. Fs BZy `mcy ^mXz-n-a-p-n-bpsS A\p-P-n-bpsS
aI-sf-bmWv A_vZp hnhmlw sNbvXXv. ssdlm-\v. km
Aym-]n-I-bmWv. Ahv cp Ipn-I-fpv. kzw Dsb kwcnpw IpSpw-_m-Zn-I-fp-ambn \ _-nepw kpJ-ambn Ah
IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw \bn-pp. C-s\-sbm-s-bm-sW-nepw Hcp
Ip-t_m[w a\-ns tImWn-se-hn-sStbm Ftm-sSmw Dsv
tXmpp. Fs aIs a\-ns Dn-s-bp-n Ftm-Sp
tZjy-n-stbm shdp-n-stbm Hcwiw Ah sImp-\-S-p-pm-Iptam F `btam Bi-tbm Cm-Xn. Fspw Fs
]np-S-cp Hcp kzImcy ZpxJ-am-WnXv.
Fs a-fn Hm-a-tXv s]Ip-n-bm-bn-cpp. AXv {]k-hn Xs acnp. cm-a-tXpw aqm-a-tXpw s]Ip-n-I
Xs. l_o-_bpw Ban-\bpw. l_o_ Xncq-c-mSn ]n.Fkv.Fw.H. tImtf-Pn Ctm s{]m^-k-dmbn tPmen sNpp. Ban\
bXow-Jm-\-bpsS Iogn Xs kvIqfn Aym-]n-I-bmWv. Ban\Fs ZpxJ-]p-{Xn-bmWv. Hn-tesd hnhm-l-_--n Gs-tS-nh-npw Ahv Hcp ktm-j-I-c-amb PohnXw e`n-n-s-p
Hcp hyk\w Fs hnSmsX XpS-cp-I-bmWv.
Be-pg Pn-bn Hcp lnp IpSpw-_-n \npw Ckvem-antev h Hcp bphm-hm-bn-cpp Ban-\-bpsS HSp-hn-es `mhv.

583

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

70IfpsS HSp-hn-emWv Cu kw`hw. Av Rm Be-p-g-bp-ambn

\nc-cw _-s-Sp Ime-mWv Cu Bsf ]cn-N-b-s-Xv. Abmv ]Tn--W-sav B{Klw ]d--tm Rm Xncqm-tp
Wnp. AhnsS \nv ]pfn--tev sImp-t]mbn. Am-ev
kk-_o {]pw amkn-Ibpw ]pfn--emWv \S-p-Xv. sI.F.
C_vdmlow aue-hn-bpsS HuZm-cy-n Cbmv bXow-Jm-\-bpsS
hmU-\mbn Hcp sNdnb tPmenbpw Gm-Smn. AhnsS Ign-bpIbpw aX-hn-j-b- ]Tn-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cpp. {]kw-K-Nm-Xp-cyap Abmsf Rm t{]mm-ln-np. \psS {]Nm-c-W-cw-Kv
Hcp {]kw-K-I-\mn. t]cv ad-p-sh-mepw ad-n-cn-p-I-bn.
\psS {]m-\-cw-Kpw ]pdpw Hcp {]kw-K-I-\mbn Am-ev Cbm Adn-b-s-p -I-gn-n-cpp. BZw- Jm-enZv. ]ecpw Hmpp-mIpw. Hcp ]nXm-hn-t\mSv ImWn-p kvt\lm-Z-c-hp-I-tfmsS
Abm Ftm-sSmv Ignp. Fs kvt\ln-p--h-scmw
Abmsf kvt\lnp. amXm-]n-Xm-fpw ktlm-Z-cn-bp-samw D-h\m-bn-cn-p-tm Bcp-an-m A\m-Y-s\-tmse H-sv Pohnp B a\p-jy-t\mSv F\nv Icp-Wbpw ]p{X-hm--eyhpw Dmbn-op. As\ Hcp IpSpw-_mw-K-s-tmse R-sfmw
Abmsf IW-mn. ]pfn-shv \S apPm-lnZv kwm\
kt-f-\-ns Hcp ^pssSw {]h--I-\m-bn-cpp BZw- Jm-enZv.
Av Fs aI Ban\ `mhv Dt]-n--s \ne-bn Hcp
BIp-n-bp-ambn X\n-p-I-gn-bp-I-bmWv. Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn Aym-]nI-bm-sW-nepw Ab]-v tPyjvTn l_o-_bpw IpSpw-_-hpap-s-nepw `m-hn-m kv{Xo H-s--h Xs-bm-Wtm. B
ZpxJw Fn \mbn Dm-bn-cp Cu k`-n F-s\tbm
Ban-\v thn BZw Jmen-Zns\ Btem-Nn--ep-mbn. BcmWnXv XpS-n-b-sXv F\nv \n-b-an. kzoI-cn-m\pw Xm\pw
Ign-bm Hcp \nw-K-X-bn Rm Ipdp Znhkw Ign-p-Iqn.
Fs Npp-ap kvt\l-h-e-b-n Nnev Cu hnj-b-n
Xm]cyw ImWp-pv. ]epw AXn--Xm\pw. "]pXnb Ckvemw'
F-bmsf cmw-Xcw ]uc-\mbn ImWp Hc-\n-kvem-anI \ne-]mSv
Xd-hm-p-Im Fv hv \Sn-p--hcpw ]utcm-ln-Xyhpw tNv
kap-Zm-b-n Dm-n-bn-cn-pp. Fm Cu ]d-b-s Xd-hmv
aln-a-m-cpsS ]qn-I-scms "]pXnb Ckvem-ao-fm'-bncp-p-

584

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

sh kXyw Ah hngp-p-Ibpw sNpp. D-Xn-jvWp-

Fv ]d-bp \psS kvt\l-h-e-b-nepw Cu PoW-X ]s
hnsm-gnp ImWp-n. tNmZn-m\pw ]d-bm\pw Bcp-an-m Hcps In kzw aI-sf F-s\-bmWv ]nSn-t]n-pI F
{]mtbm-KnI Nn-bn\n-p-S-se-Sp--XmWo kz`m-h-sa-nepw cmwXcw ]uc-m-cmbn aX-]-cn-h\w sNbvX-hsc t\mn-m-Wp-n-Stv \psS at\m-`mhw Xcw-Xmgvp. Fs aIsf Jmen-Zn\v
sImSp-p--Xns\ FXn-h-cn ]ecpw Cu at\m-`m-h-tm-sSbmWv \np--sXv F\nv a\-n-embn. AXp-sIm-p-Xs
B FXnns\ Rm apJ-hn-e-s-Sp-n. F\n--dn-tb-Xv Hpam-{X-am-bn-cpp. Fs aI Jmen-Zns\ `m-hmbn kzoI-cn-m
Hcp--aptm. Ah-fpsS CjvSw apJy LS-I-am-Wtm. hnhm-l-tamNn-X-bmb kv{Xosb \ne-bn Ahv kzbw Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-m
Ckvemw IqSp-X Ah-Imiw \In-bn-pv. Rm AXmWv BZyw
At\z-jn-Xv. k-X-p-d-hn, Dmv Xm]-cy-ap-s-n FmWv
Innb hnhcw. Rm B hnhmlw \S-n-sm-Spp. JmenZv Fs
IpSpw-_mw-K-ambn. Fs henb IpSpw-_-n Hcp ]pXn-bm-v e`nm-hp Fm ]cn-K-W-\bpw Abmv e`np. Bscm-stbm CSnsS Abmsf Xncn ]pfn- hcp-p-m-bn-cpp. ]gb Pohn-Xnse Nne IS-_m-[y-X-I-fm-sWv ]d--tm Bh-iy-samw
\n-ln-p-sIm-Spp. aIv tPmen-bp--Xn-\m Abmv
{]tXyI _m[y-bn-m-bn-cpp. Fnpw Rm tImgn-tmSv Hcp
kvt\ln-Xs XpWn---h-S-n aI-fpsS t]cn sjb tNp.
AXns Imcy-Zin-bmbn Jmen-Zns\ Iqn-bn-Wn. Ipsd \m \
ktm-j-I-c-amb Pohn-X-am-bn-cpp. Rm AXv Iv k-tm-j-np.
aI K`n-Wn-bmbn. {ItaW Cbm-fpsS s]cp-am--n hyXymkw
Ip-Xp-Sn. ]no-SXv teiw {Iqc-ambn A\p-`-h-sp. aIv
Cbmsf ImWp-Xv `b-ambn. \on-]-d-bp-n. Abm Fs aIsf
Dt]-np ew-hnp. Ipd-p-\m Ign--tm Iq-cn Ds-dnp. Ahn-sS-\npw asmcp hnhmlw Ign-spw Adnp. Da
auehn Fs ASn-p -]p-d-m-n-sb-mWv AhnsS Abm {]N-cnn-Xv. Fp-am-Is, Cu _w XpS-tc-spw aIfpw Rm\pw
Xocp-am-\np. ap_m-d-n-t\bpw th-s--h-scbpw- Abv Abm-fn
\npw XzemJv hmn. aI Hcp s]Ip-nsb {]k-hnp. B Ipn
Ctm hnhm-ln-Xbpw amXm-hp-amWv. Fs Hcp BZi kplr-

585

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

ns kkz-`m-hn-bmb aI Ahsf hnhmlw sNbvXp. Fm

Ncn-{Xhpw Adn-p-sIm-p-Xs. B Ipn Ah-fpsS ]nXm-hns\
In-t-bn. Abm CSv kpDu-Zn-bn t]mb-Xmbn Adnp.
]noSv Abm-sf-p-dnv Hc-dn-hp-an. At\z-jn-n. Abm Fn\p
hp? Fn\p t]mbn? Cp-hsc F\npw th-s--hpw Dcw Inm tNmZy-ambn AX-h-ti-jn-pp. B ZpxJhpw t]dn Rm
Pohn-pp. Jmen-Zp-ambn Fs aI-fpsS hnhm-l-n\v Xosc Xm]cyw ImWn-m-Xn-cp, "Hp-IqSn Btem-Nn-nv t]tc' Fv {]XnI-cn Htc-sbmcp hyn Fs B-an{Xw sI.F. C{_mlow
auehn am{X-am-bn-cpp. At-l-ns ZoL-Zr-jvSnbpw _pnbpw
A]mcw Xs. Fmw- dns hn[n! ap hnhm-l-n Ban-\v
Hcp aI Dv. hnhm-ln-X. `mcym-k-taXw bp.F.Cbn \-\n-ebn Ign-bpp. Ah D-tbm-sSmw Xs-bmWv.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

79
Ago-tmSv apX sImSp--q hsc
temI {]i-kvX-amb Cy-bpsS Xpd-ap-J-am-bn-cpp sImSp-q. kl-{km-_vZ-v apv Xs Cu Xpd-apJw AtZ-iob
hym]mc tI{-am-bn-cp-p-hs{X. Hcn- Fs kplrpw Ncn{X
Kth-j-I-\p-am-bn-cp ]n.F. skbvXp apl-Zv kmln_v Hcp {]`mj-W-n Cs\ ]d-bp-Xv tIn-pv. kpsse-am \_n
bpsS sImm-c-ns XqWp-I tIc-f-nse N-\--Sn-I-fm-bncpp. ]c-ip-cm-a agp-sh-dnv krjvSn tIcfw F A]-lm-kyamb sFXn-lys Cu Ncn{X hkvXp-X-sImv XIp-I-bm-bncpp Fs kplrv. sImSp--q-cns JymXn kl-{km-_vZ-tfmfw ]nd-tImv \op-In-S-pp.
]pcm-X-\-Imew apX Ad-_n-Iv _-ap-m-bn-cp Cu Xpdap-J-tv Ah Ckvem-ans at\m-l-c kt-i-hp-ambn hp.
Ah-cpsS hmp-I am{X-a Pohn-Xhpw Ckvem-ans X\n--Imbn-cpp. \ t\sc adnpw. Ckvemw sImSp--q-cns {]m
{]tZ-i--fn-eqsS hS-tmpw sXtmpw ssP{X-bm{X t]mbn. Ipsd
\qm-p-I Ign--tm kXym-k-Xy- thXn-cn-m Ign-bm-

586

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

-hw Ckvemw Nne thj-fpw BNm-c--fp-ambn Npcp-n. ASnm-\-]-c-amb GI-ssZh Bcm-[\ hmn am{Xw. {]hr-n-bn
ih-Ip-So-c--sfbpw ZnhyXzw Nav kaq-ls hn-m Cdnb ssiJv Huen-b-mscb-pw Bcm-[n-p-sImv hn{K-lm-cm-[\v kam-\-amb hnizm-k-fpw Zpcm-Nm-c--fp-ambn Ckvem-ans
kp-c-apJw hnIr-X-ambn. kzw apJw hos-Sp-m Bi-tbmsS
InX-tmsS Ckvemw sImSp--q-cn-tev Xs aSn. As\
Ago-tmSv Fdn-bmSv {]tZiw B PoW-X amn ]qX kwm]n-m Hcp Iqm-bva-bp-mn. 1922 \ne-hn h sFIy kwLhpw
XpSp-mb tIcf PwC--p De-am-bpw CXn-\mbn XymK-tasd
A\p-jvTnp. hopw B kpc hZ\w sXfn-p-Xp-Sn. Ckz-vemlo
{]h\w hfv ]-en--tm s]mXp-P-\-v IqSn-\nv
{]hn-m tIcf \Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo\pw t]mjI kwL-S-\Ifpw \ne-hn hp. ZoL-amb Ncn{Xw hnh-cn-p-I-b. ZpxJI-camb Ncn-{X-ns asm-cm-h\w Nqn--d-bpI am{X-am-Wp-tiyw.
Ckvem-ans D`-h-m\w, ]noSv Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-ns
D`-h
m\w, hopw Ak-Xy-ns ]nSn-bn-ea
- p. Jpdm-^mpw
auZq-Zn-khpw tNv Ago-tmSv apX sImSp--q hsc aqSn-pXp. Ckzvemlo t\Xm--fpsS {i th{X Atm-tv Xncn-Xp-an. Ah A[n-Ihpw ae-_m-dn Xs {i tI{o-I-cnp.
Cu ]m--e-n-emWv 72 Rm sImn-bn Xmakw XpSn-bXv. AXn\v apv Xs CSv Ago-tmSv `mKv Nne {]kw-Kmbn t]mbn-pv. 1968 Ftmtgm Hcp Znhkw Rm AgotmSv Hcp {]kw-K-n\v hp. hnc-en-se-m-hp Nnetc Fs
]np-W
- p-h
- c
- m-bn-p-q. Jpdm-^n-I-sf-m--h-scmw auZq-Zn-p-IfmWv. A-hn-sS-shv Hcmsf ]pXp-Xmbn ]cn-N-b-sp. Cy
t\hn-bnse Hcp Hm^o-k-dm-bn-cpp. t]cv apl-Zv. hfsc Xnc-n
kwkm-cn-p {]Ir-X-amWv. ISp kpn-bm-bn-cpp. B tIhe
]cn-Nbw Hcmkplr-ns kpZrV _-ambn ]cn-W-an-p-sav
Duln-mt]mepw Av Ign-n. 72 Rm sImn-bn h
tijw At-l-hp-am-bp _w ]p\x-m-]np. Atlw lv
Ignv hp. Fs lrZ-b-kp-lr-mb A_vZp-d-Du^v asse_mcn av shv G]n ]pkvX-I-sv Xe-bn Npa-p-sImv apl-Zv kmln_v ]pXn-b-]n aZvd-k-bnse Fs apdn-bn-tev

587

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

IS-p-hp. AhnsS \npw hf-cp-I-bm-bn-cpp R-fpsS _w.

]noSv Atlw s\mhot\m _m-dn-bpsS tIcf GPmbn. _nkn\k-v Fd-Wm-Ip-fv XpSn. s\mhot\m _mhp Fp ]d-m
Ctm Fm-hcpw Adnbpw. cq]w Hcn- Im Bcpw ad-p-Ibn. Fs tXm]n-p \o XmSn. h-apJw, sNdnb ]p-I
hnS-n-bp Nncn, aptmfw s]m-n app-Spp henb Ipmbhpw kX kl-Nm-cn-bmb Hcp IpSbpw NqSn hcp _mhp-sb
Im Ctlw apsmcp t\hn Hm^o-k-dm-bn-cp-p-shv ]d-m Bcpw hniz-kn-p-I-bn. Ftmgpw Jp-B ]T\w. AX-\p-k-cnp efnX thjhpw PohnX Ncy-bp-ambn Ign-bp _mhp Fs
a\-n-tev Ib-dn-q-Sn-bXv hfsc thK-n-em-bn-cpp. Ipsd ]Xn-mp-I ]g--ap kplrZv _-t-m kpZr-V-a-t\m-l-c-am-bnop Ipd \mfp-sImv R-fpsS _w. BZi ipn,
AXn-ep ISp Xo{hX Nne-tm AXv F\nv Xs Ak-lyam-bn-tmpw. Rm XWp-n-m {ianpw. Fm-bmepw _mhp
Fs kzw, ktlm-Z-c-Xp-ey-amb Fs Ic-fns IjvW-ambn.
BZi-amWv Rsf Hn-n-Xv. Rsf Hn-Xpw! th-s]-Spm Bpw Ign-bm Hcp Hn-, acn-p-]n-cn-mepw CXv
]c-tem-Iv XpS-cp _-am-ImWw. dt \obXv I\n-p-\tIWta!
Ago-tmSv \npw ad-p-t]m-Im, ad-m ]mSn-m asmcp
_-amWv C.sI. C_vdmlow Ipn auehn. Pam-As Ckvem-anbpsS A\p-`m-hn-bm-bn-cpp. "hgn-am-dn-cq'- F t]cn Hcp Pam-Ap-Im-c F\n-s-Xn-cn Fgp-Xnb ]pkvXIw Cs\ Hcp hgn-am-n\v Imc-W-am-Ip-sav Ah hnNm-cn--tX-bn. AXoh {itbmsS, kwLm-SI ssh`-h-tmsS, \nkzm-X-tbmsS BZi-cwKv \nm sI]p Hcp a\p-jy-\mWv C_vdmlow Ipn
auehn. Rm sImn-bn-ep Imev Ago-tmSv apX sImSp-q hsc Ckvemlo cwKw ]p\Po-hn-n-p-hm C.sI. ITn-\m-[zm\w
sNbvXp. XymKw sNbvXp Fp- thWw ]d-bm. hni-Zmw-i--fntev IS-m A{X-b-[nIw kw`-h--fpv Hm-bn. \nc--camb Hcp BZi-tm-cmw Xs C_vdmlow Ipn auehn \Sn.
Ctmgpw Atlw ka-c-n Xs-bmWv. Fs Atlw Inm-hpn--S - t mfw D]- t bm- K - s - S p- n- b n- pv . Rm Gsd Bth- i -

588

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

tmsS, Bm- Z - t msS Wn- p- t - S - t v HmSn- s bpw.

70I apgp-h Rm\pw kplrv F.F. laoZpw B {]tZ-i--fn
C.sI.bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n {]kwK ]c--c -Xs \S-n-bn-pv.
C.sI. ITn-\-{i-a-n-eqsS Ckvemlo B`n-ap-Jy-n-tev B {]tZis Xncn-p-sIm-p-hp. _mhp Ghpw i-\mb Iqm-fnbmbn, C.sItbm-sSmw Fp-ap-m-bn-cpp. Ah Ago-tmSv
apX sImSp--q hsc apPm-lnZv {]m\w ]p\Po-hn-np.
C.sI. Fs ]nXr-Xpeyw kvt\ln-pp. Atlw Aym-]-I-\m-bncpp. dn-b sNbvXp. Hcp aI-t\m-Sp kvt\l-hm--ey-amWv
F\nv C.sI.tbmSp-Xv. Fm-n-tbpw s\Spw-Xq BZi-_w
Xs. Am-lp-hn\v thn kvt\ln-p-Ibpw kvt\ln--s-SpIbpw sNp Cu _w, ac-Ww-sImv Xnc-o-e-bn-Sm Ign-bm
lrZ-b-_w, F\nv Chsc ]ncn-bm CjvS-an. BZi-{]-h\-n Fs ]nn-em-nb Fs kplr-p--tfm-sSmw cmas Pohn-X-nepw Nncnpw Nncn-npw D-kn-Ww. Amlp
A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-Is.
shfn-b-p-\mSv Fw.C. A_vZp-d-lvam Fs a\-ns {]iv\_m-lp-ey-n-\n-S-bn-eqsS Xn--bdn apn-se-n-bn-cn-pp. AgotmSn-s- IY-t]mse-s- Ckvemlo tI{-am-bn-cpp- H-cp-Im-ev- shfn-bv \mSv. ]s Ime- Ign--tm auZq-Znkw AXv
hngpn. AhnsS Ckv-emlo cwKw ]p\Po-hn-n--h-cn- Fw.C.
A_vZp-d-lvam hen-b- H-cp- I-n-bmWv.- At-l-n\v ]np-W-bmbn
tUm. koXn-bpsS ]nXmhv Da kmln_v IqsS-bp-m-bn-cpp. Ccphcpw tNv AhnsS sI.F.Fw. imJ-bp-mn hfn. (Da
kmln_v ASp-nsS ac-W-sp. aKv^n-dv \Ip-am-dm-Is FUn.-) Ckz-vemln {]m-\-ns kpKw AhnsS ]cn. A_vZpd-lvam amk-n Hcn--se-nepw t\cn ImWm XncqmSv
hcpw. Cs-n D-bn-Sv Fpw. Iv Abpw. Fs i_vZw
tIp-sIm-n-cn--W-as{X! A_vZp-d-lvam Hcp {]tXyI {]IrXamWv. Xo{h-hmZn Fv ]d-bm-\m-In.- Fnepw Ipdv AXm-WpXm\pw. F\n-smcp aI-s\-tmse CjvS-amWv Cbmsf. kvt\lnp
izmkw-ap-n-pI Fv Imc-W-h-m ]dbpw. AXmWv A_vZp-dlvam. ad-m Ign-bp-tXm ]ncn-bm Ign-bp-tXm A Ccw
_-. Amlp A\p-{K-ln-s.

589

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Rm Cu Ipdn-p-I Ah-km-\n-n-p-I-bmWv. Ah-km-\n--XpsIm-. Bbn-c--fmWv Fs Inepw a\-ns Im-Sn-bnepw

HmSnbpw \Spw ann-n-f-p-Xv. AsXmw Ipdn-m-sav Icp-Xnbm CX-h-km-\n-p-I-bn. sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb Fm kvt\l-_-sf-b-pw Rm hne-a-Xn-pp. hnp-t]m-bXpw Hms-Sp-m
Ime-Xm-akw h-Xp-apv. BZi-_---fmWv Hp-ap-mepw. Fmn\pw ]-lr-Z-b-ns K-apv. Fm-h-tcbpw kvt\ln-pp.
Fm-h-tcmSpw sXp-Ip--pw G-p-d-n-ep-Ipw s]mcp-sv amv sN-W-sav hnXp-p lrZ-b-tmsS At]-n-pp.
Amlp \psS ]m]- s]mdp-p-X-cs. kzK-n {]th-i\w
\Is.

590

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv
A\p-_w-

591

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

1
D-a- au-e-hn-sb-p-dn-tm-p-tmsI.-F.C{_mlnw auehn
(ap- {]kn-Uv, tIcf PwC--p De-a)

1935 emWv Fv tXmp-p. Fs ]nXm-hns amXr-aln ac-Ws-tm IS-h

- q-cnse R-fqsS Xd-hmv hon h-tm-gmWv Rm
BZy-ambn Da auehnsb ImWp-Xpw ]cn-N-b-s-Sp--Xpw. ac-Whp-ambn _-s Zpcm-Nm-c-sXnsc hS-t-a-e-_m-dn BZyambn {]Xn-I-cn IpSpw-_-n-te-p au-e-hn-bp-sS- B bm{X Rm
Cpw Hmp-I-bm-Wv. ac-Wm-\-c ASn-b--c- Zo\n\v hncp-amsWv DZvtLm-jn ]nXm-hns Am-h\mb ]d-v aplvbn-oIpn
apkvenbm-cpsS [ocX t\cn ImWm-\pw At-l
- ns ImgvN
- m-SpI
t\cnv a\-n-em-m\pambn-cpp At-l
- ns hc-hv. bmYm-nXnI
]nX-mcpw \mp-{]-am-Wn-Ifpw R-fpsS Xd-hm-p-Imch-Wc
- mb B
alm]-n-Xs\Xnsc bpw {]Jym-]n ka-bam-bn-cpp AXv. ]ecpw
h Iq-n Da aue-hnbpw AhnsS hp. sNdp-a
- m-bn-cp- Fs
bphm-hm-b Atlw {]tXyIw BIjn-p. Ap XpS-nb B
_w 65 hjmew \op \np. Hcp]mSv a\-n-em-m\pw Dsm-m\pw CXn\nS-bn km[n-p. acWw hsc At-lt- m-sSm-nv
{]hn-m-\p A\p-{K-lhpw {kjvSmhv Xp. PK-n-b-mth,
Pmp- ^nZu-knepw Rsf Hcp-an-n-t-W-sa.
aue-hn-bpsS th]mSv Fn-ep-mnb am\-kn-I{- ]-bmkw ]d-

592

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

dn-bn-m _pn-ap-mWv. Pohn-X

- n Ghpw IqSp-X B-_w
]penb kl-{]-h-I\pw KpW-Imw-nbmb kplr-p-am-bncpp Fs kw_-n-t-St- mfw Da aue-hn. 1944 apX-emWv {]m\-cw-Kv R Hnv {]h\w XpS-n-b-Xv. Fw.-kn.knbpsS
injy-\mbn- hf Fs sI.-Fw. aue-hn-bpsS B alm-\mb injy\pambn {]m-\c
- w-Kv IqSp-X _-s-Sp-n-bXv DkvXmZv Xsbm-bn-cp-p. Ckz-vemlo- cwKs Ipim-{K-_p-n-bm-bn-cp Fw.kn.knsb ImWm Atlw hcp-tmsgmw t\cnv _-s-Sm Ahkc- Dm-bn.
{]m-\
- n\v thn Fpw XymK-ns hgnbnem-bn-cpp auehn k-cn-n-cp--Xv. A-hn-izm-km-\m-Nm-c-pw I]S XuloZpImpw- Ckvemanse cmjv{Sob Pnlm-Zp-Impw bpn-hm-Zn-Ipw
ap Ckvemw hncpin-Ip-sa-Xnsc {]m-\-n \np-sImv am{X-a; H-bmm-fa
- mbpw Atlw kacw sNbvXp. kXyw- a
- \n-em-nb sImSnb i{Xp- t]mepw At-l-ns an{X--fmbn.
F{Xtbm Bfp-Isf t\amK-n-tev sImp-h Atlw BZyIm-ev Dd bmYm-nXn-I ]-]m-Xn-bm-bn-cp-p. ]noSv Xs amKZi-I-\mbn amdnb sI.-Fw. aue-hnsb Ckvemw s]mfn-b-\mbn sXn-cnv Atlhpambn kwh-Zn-m- Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn-se-nb-Xmbn-cpp-htm At-lw. kXy-ns Xncn-\mfw B a\-n Cp-sIm-Spt- m AXns Pzme tIc-f-sapw ]Sp. {]tim-`n-X-amb Hcp ImeL--ns XpS--n\v At-l-ns {]h-\- \nan--amsbv ]noSv sXfn-bn--s-p.
bmYm-nXn-I ]utcm-ln-Xy-sbpw Pam-Av P]-\--sfbpw
kn.-F-ns bpn-Nn--I-sfbpw tNI-q-cn-b Zi-\--sfbpw
bpn-hm-Z--sfbpw Fp th Hcp]mSv kwLS\-I-sfbpw,- ]ecpw
Addv \n ]e Imcy--fnepw Atlw hnphogv-Nv Xm-dm-ImsX {]Xn-I-cn-p. tIc-f-nse apgp-h {]tZ-i--fp-ambpw At-ln\v _-ap-m-bn-cp-p. GXv {]tZ-ipw At-l-n\v Iqp-Imcpap-m-bn-cp-p. At-l-ns BZy-Ime {]h\-tI{fn
{][m-\-s--Xm-bn-cpp hSs ae-_m.
hSs ae-_m-dn Zo\n{]t_m-[\ {]h-\- \S-m 1940
Ifn F.-sI.Ipnambn lmPn-bpsS A`yY-\-{]-Imcw At-lns sNe-hn sI.Fw. auehn Hcp {]t_m-[-I-kw-Ls \nban-p-Ib
- p-m-bn. AXn-semcp {][m\ {]kw-KI
- \
- m-bn-cpp Da auehn.

593

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Ba-bq-cnse ap_-nKv sambvXo Ipn auehn, Xr-\n Ipn-sambvXo aue-hn Fn-h-cm-bn-cp-p ap cp-t]. hSs ae-_m-dnse
an-{Km-a
- f
- nepw ChcpsS {]h-\
- \S-p-Ib
- p-m-bn. Ipnam-bn lmPn-bp-sS ]n_-ea
- p-XpsImv bmYm-n-Xn-Iv Chsc
FXnm\pw Ign-n-cpn-.
Fw.-kn.-kn. A_vZpd-lva
- m- auehn, ]n.-sI.aqk auehn XpS-nbh-cpsS t\Xr-Xz-n apkvenw en-td- skmsskn {]kn-oIcnncp Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bpsS Nne `mK- hn]\ \S-m-\mbn
Hcn- \mZm-]p-csnb Da aue-hnsb Ckvemw hncp--cmb
Hcp-]w Bfp-I It-dp-Ibpw h[n-m {ian-p-Ibpapm-bn. `mKyn-\mWv Atlw Av c-s--Xv. \mp-{]-am-Wnbmb Ipm-enkm-ln_mbn-cpp c-s-Sm Ah-kc
- s
- am-cp-n-bX
- v. AhnsS \npw
t\sc Atlw ]cn-`m-js
- -p-ambn sNXv IS-h
- q-cn-te-m-bn-cpp.
IS-h-q- Av Ckz-vemlo {]h-\- \S-p {]tZ-i-am-bncpp. Fs ]nXr-hy-\mb ]d-v C_vdmlow auehn, ]p-ev an
aue-hn, tRme-bn Ip-l
- Zv auehn, tRme-bn ap kmln_v
XpS-n-b-h-scm-sbm-bn-cpp As IS-h-q-cnse {][m\ {]h-Im. aqPm-ln-Zp-If
- mb Ipd-m-fp-Isf hSs ae-_m-dn Hnv
ImW-Ws
- a-n Av IS-h
- q-cn-tev hc-Wa
- m-bn-cp-p. AXp-sImv
Xs Da auehnv Cu {]tZ-i-hp-ambn hfsc ASp _-amWpm-bn-cp--Xv.
Pam-As Ckveman-s-Xnsc auehnsb cwK-n-d
- n-bXv sI.Fw.
aue-hnbpw, Fw.-kn.-kn. aue-hn-bp-am-bn-cp-p. B cwKv Fw.-kn.knbpsS Is--em-bn-cpp {]K--\mb Cu Pam-Av hncp-. B
Imev Nne ]n-Xcpw {]h-Icpw cmjv{Sob Pnlm-Zn-tepw
lpq-as Cemln BZi-n-tepw BIr-jvS-cm-b-tm PamAv P]-\
- sf Xpdp ImWn-m Hcp sImSpw-mns intbmsS Da auehn ae-_m-dnepw Xncp-sI-m-n-bnepw k-cn-p. Pam-Av
Pzcw _m[n \nc-h[n t]sc Xncn-p-sIm-p-h-cnI am{X-a; AhcpsS
Zi-\
- f
- nse ]mfn-I
- sf Ad-_v\
- m-Sp-If
- nepw temI-s-m-bn-Spw
Fn-p-I-bp-m-bn. hn{ip-X-]-n-X-\mb A_p lk Aen
kmln-_n\p t]mepw CXv a\-n-em-n-sm-Sp-Xv At-l-am-sWv
hm B cwKs At-l-ns ]mn-Xyhpw Ignhpw Afp
Xn-s-Sp-m Ign-bn-.
apPm-lnZv {]m-\
- n \npw AIv Pam-Av {]h-\n\n-d-nb Hcp henb ]n-X IS-h-q-cn shv ]d--Xmbn

594

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

]p-ev an auehn FtmSv ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn,- sNdp--m-cn

Da aue-hnbpw C{_mlnw auehnbpw HgnsI apgp-h apPm-ln-ZpIfpw
C-s-n \msf Pam-ApIm-cm-Ip-sav. ]e {][m-\ tI{-fnepw Pam-Ap-Im kzm[o\w t\Sm XpS-nb Ime-am-bn-cpp
AXv. Ah-cpsS {ia- apf-bnte \pn--f-bm Ign-Xv Da
aue-hn-bpsS kt`m-Nn-Xa
- mb {]h-\
- sImm-bn-cp-p. Cv
Ckz-vemln kwL-S\mcwK-p ]epw Pam-Av Pzcw _m[n-tmgpw Ahsc AXn \npw ap-cm-n-bXv At-l-am-bn-cp-p.
]tc-X-\mb tUmIvS tUm.Fw. Dkvam kmln-_ns\ bpnhmZNn-bn \npw ASn-sb-Spv bYmY hnizm-k-kw-ln-Xbn-tepw AXn-eqsS Ckz-vemln BZi-n-tepw sImph-Xn
Fw.-kn.-kn, sI.kn. A_q-_- auehn Fn-h-tcmsSmw Da auehn-bpw henb ]p hln-p-I-bp-m-bn. {]kw-K-n am{Xw HXpmsX, cN-\m-cw-Kpw Xs Ignhv Atlw {]I-Sn-n-p-I-bp-m-bn.
Ckz-vemln Nn-I P\-a-\-p-I-fn Icp-]n-Sn-n-m "Bsf t\mt; sXfnhv t\mpI'- F ap{Zm-hm-Iy-hp-ambn {]kn-o-Ic
- W
- a
- mcw-`n kk-_o amknI Hcp {]m\w Xsbm-bn-cp-p. kk_o-en-eqsS Atlw FbvXp-hn Xulo-Zns Ap-I BZi-i{Xp-v icnpw Gp-I-bp-m-bn. AXpsImv Xs-bmbncpp Da auehn apPm-lnZv {]m-\-nse Ah-cp-sS-sbmw Ghpw
henb i{Xp-hmbn amdn-b-Xv.
kk-_o-en-eqsS Da auehn sNbvX tkh-\
- Bpw sNdpXmbn ImWm Ign-bn-. i{Xp--fpsS krjvSn-Ip-t]mepw t]PpI A\p-hZ- nncp temI-nse GI {]kn-o-Ic
- W-am-bn-cnmw Nnetm kk-_o. kk-_o-ens XpSw ^dq-nse Sn.A_vZpm
kmln-_ns hon tN tbmK-n shm-bn-cp-p.
aue-hn-bpsS W-{]-Imcw Rm\pw B tbmK-n ]s-Sp-pIbp-m-bn. sI.Fw. apl-Zv Ipn kmln_v(sImtmn) Bbn-cpp
asm-cm.- am-scm-s-bp-m-bn-cp-p-shv Hmp-n-. a-bn
nc-Xm-a-k-am-n-bn-cp A_vZpd-Du^v aue-hn-bm-bn-cp-p- k-k_o-en-s- \S-n-n\v Ghpw IqSp-X klmbw \In-bn-cp--Xv.
sImn-bnse Ckz-vemln {]h-Icpw henb klmbw \Ip-Ib
- pm-bn. kk-_o Ipdp Imew tImgn-tmv \nv kmbm ]{Xambn ]pd-n-d-p-I-bp-mbn. Ctmfn AlvaZv tImb -lmPn, sI.sam-bvXp kmln_v, F.-sI. apl-Zv kmln_v, koXn.- sI.- hb-em
XpS-n-b-h-cm-bn-cpp CXn\v aue-hnsb klm-bn--Xv.

595

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

\nc-h[n injycpw t\Xm-fpw Atls {]h-\--fn

klm-bn-n-cp-p. sI.-]n. apl-Zv auehn, sI.-F. kpsse-am kmln_v, tUm.-Dkvam kmln_v, kmte tkv kmln-_v, _m_p-tkv,Xzmln tkv XpS-n-b-h-cp-am-bp _w hfsc i-am-bn-cp-p.
]np Ipp-f
- p-tS-Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-cpp At-l
- ns a\-v. hmsmcp hn\oX `mhw. Bscbpw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw _lp-am-\n-pIbpw sNp {]Ir-Xw. ]mh-sf klm-bn-p-Is
- b-Xv Zn\-Nc
- ybn
s]-Xm-bn-cp-p. Atlns klmbw e`n F{Xtbm t]cp-v.
\nc-h[n m]-\
- At-l
- ns {ia-^e
- a
- mbn hfp hcn-Ibpm-bn. aZo-\
- p Deq-ans Poh\mUn-bm-bn-cpp acWw hsc. tIcf
PwC--p De-a-bpsS A[y-,- ke-^n bqWn-th-gvknn Nmke XpS-nb F{X-sb{X ]Z-hn-I-fmWv Atlw Ae--cn--Xv.
kl-{]-h-I-tcmSv ]cp-j-ambn s]cp-am-dp kz`m-h-m-c-\m-bncpn Atlw. \o hj-n Hcn- t]mepw At\ym\yw apJw
Idp-nv kwkm-cn-m CS-h-n-n-. Fs IpSpw-_-hp-ambn ]pImew apXte At-l-n\v ASp _-am-Wp-m-bn-cp--Xv.
Fstmse Xs-bm-bn-cpp Fs amXm-hn\v Da aue-hn. acWi-bn InS-p-tm t]mepw Da aue-hnsb ImW-W-sapwkemw ]d-b-W-sapw Ah B{Klw {]I-Sn-n-p. C{Xbpw Imew
D-sb-v Pohn-m Ign--Xn-ep ku`mKyw ]dv B alm Dv thn F{X-sb{X {]mY-\-I-fmWv \S-n-b-Xv!
Fmw Hma-I-fmn Atlw ISp t]mbn. kp-c-amb XuloZns hgn-mc krjvSn-p-sIm-p Ay-bm-{X.
(i_m_v 2000 amv, 3)
*(sI.-F.C{_mlnw auehn 2007 sk-]Xw-_- 21 \v- a-c-W-s-p)-

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

2
sI. Da aue-hn
Sn.-]n. A_vZp--tmb aZ\n
(sI.-F.Fw kwm\ {]kn-Uv)

B[p-\nI apkvenw tIc-f-n\v BZi-hy-Xn-cn--Xbpw Znim-t_m[hpw \Inb Hcp alm-]-n-X-\mWv sI. Da aue-hn . bmYmnXn-I Ip-Spw-_-n hfp-h F\nv amK-Zi\w e`n-Xv

596

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

alm-\mb skbvZv auehn(cmWn)bpsS {]`m-j-W--fn-eq-sS-bmWv. Fm am-n\v hnt[-b-\m-hp-Ibpw _-\fn \nv apamb Nn-bn-eq-sS At\z-jWw Bcw-`n-p-Ibpw sNbvX-tm ap]-e-scbpw t]mse hnhn[ Nnm-[m-c-Ifn-tev BIjn--s-Sp
Ahy--X-bpsS HcnS-mew F\n-p-ap-m-bn. Cu A]-I-S-I-c-amb
Ahy--X-bn \nv Hpw kwi-b-an-m ip-amb t\tc-J-bntev Fs \bn-Xv alm-]-n-X-\mb Da aue-hn-bm-bn-cp-p.
hgn sXn t]mIp-am-bn-cp Cu k`-n kphy--amb XuloZns AYhpw hym]vXnbpw At-l-n-eqsS a\-n-em-n. B i_vZns kzm[o\w ]nn-sSm-cn-epw eLq-I-cn--s-n-n-. hfsc Bgn-ep _-am-Wv R Xn-ep-m-bn-cp--Xv. Atlw {]I-Snn kvt\l-n\v ]I-c-amb BZ-chv Xncnp\Im {ian-n-p-snepw At-l-n\p thn-bp {]mY-\-bmWv F\nv Bizmkw
\Ip--Xv.
Hcp kw`hw Rmt\mp-p. sX tIc-f-n Da aue-hnbpsS BZi-{]-Nm-cW
-
- n-\m-bp [oc-amb ]S-tbmw \S-p Imew.
sImn apPm-ln-Zo sslkvIq {Kun \psS Hcp s]mXp-tbmKw
\S-p-I-bm-Wv. bphm-sf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cnv Rm {]kw-Kn-p--Xn\n-S-bn auehn [rXn-bn tPn-tev Ibdn hcp-p. {]kw-K-n
Fs-nepw A_-w ]nW-n-cn-m-sav IcpXn Rm ]X-dn. hfsc
thKw B {]kwKw Ah-km-\n-n-p. auehn Fs ASp- hv
AWp Iqn Cs\ ]d-p: ""Ft {]kwKw s]--h-km-\n-nXv? Pam-As Ckveman-sb-p-dn-p tams {]kwKw kzambn tIm thn am{Xw Rm Ibdn hn-cp-X
- m-Wv. {]kwKw
hfsc \m-bn'' F-p- ]-d-p- F\nv thn {]mYn-p-I-bmWv
sNbvX-Xv. AXv Pohn-X-nse hensbmcp AwKo-Im-c-ambn Cpw
Rmt\mp-p.
alm-\mb hw aue-hn-bpsS \thm-m- \ Nn-I IqSp-X {]NcnXv hS- tIc-f-n-em-bn-cp-p-sh-n AtX Nnbpw AXn-tesd
{]am-W-fpw tIc-f-n s]mXp-hnepw sX tIc-f-n {]tXyInpw {]N-cn-n-p--Xn [oc-amb t\XrXzw \In-bXv Da auehn-bm-W.v XuloZpw inpw kppw _nZvApw Xn-ep hyXymk- Btcbpw Nnn-n-p Xc-nep aue-hn-bpsS Ah-XcWw Xpey-Xb
- n-m-X
- mWv. Pam-As Ckveman aX-ns t]cn
\S-nb cmjv{Sob Zphym-Jym-\- temIw Xncn--dn-Xv alm\mb Da auehnbneqsS-bmWv. Pam-A-n-s\-Xn-cn-ep At-l-

597

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

ns ]T-\- F{X kXy-am-bn-cp-p-shv Cv \mw IqSp-X

a\-n-em-p-p.
hfsc ASp _w ]pepI hgn amXr-Im-]-c-amb At-lns PohnXw "Hw \Sv' a\-n-em-m Ign-p. Atlw aptJ\
Amlp lnZm-bv \Inb Bbn-c--fpsS {]mY-\-bmWv aue-hnbpsS kmZyw. Ad_v temIv kap-X hyn-I-fp-ambn ASp
_w Dm-bn-cp Atlw ZoL-Imew Ah-tcm-sSm--ap PohnXhpw Ah-cn-ep kzm[o-\hpw Hpw Xs `uXnI Xm]-cy-v
D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-n-bn-.
Atlw acnpInS hoSv kinp P\mk \a-kvIm-c-n ]s-Sp tIc-f-nse ]e Da-dm-fpw `uXnI taml--fn-m B
[\y Pohn-X-ns kmy-]-{X- hmbnv Cud-\-Wn IpIfp-am-bmWv aS-n-b-Xv.
BZi-hy-Xn-bm\w kw`-hn GXm-\pw sNdp--m At-l-n\v
tPn CSw \ImsX A]-am-\n-t- m P\-t- fm-sSmw ]-en
]Sn-n-cpv Ahv ]d-bm-\p-Xv tIm Xm-dmb hnime
lrZ-b-\m-bn-cpp auehn kmln-_v.
Xs kzw {]v i_m-_n\v thn Xsf G]nv XXv
apX bphm--tfm-sSmw Fpw IqsS \S B alm-Ia-tbmKn
B[p-\nI temIv ke^o{]m-\-ns Hcp \mb-I Bbncpp. Xo!.
Am-lpth, Da aue-hn-sbbpw R-tfbpw D-X-amb kzKn Hcpanv Iq-Wta! Bao....
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

3
P-\m-_v- D-a- au-e-hn-

F.-]n. A_vZpJm-Zn- auehn

(P\-d sk{I-dn. sI.-F.-Fw)

P: sI.Da auehn
A-cn-p. 24/02/2000 hymgmgvN ]pe-s
2.10\v Bbn-cpp Ayw. At-l-n\v acn-p-tm 84 hb-p-mbn-cp-p. Ipdp Ime-ambn Atlw tcmK-{K-kvX-\m-bn-cp-p. dafm
apX Atlw IqSp-X oWn-X-\m-bn-cp-p. AXv {Ita-W h[np
Xs hp.

598

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

AXm-bXv Atln-s-d- acWw XnIpw kzm`m-hn-Iw. ApX-s-Smt\m sRmt\m Imc-W-an-m acWw. ]t, At-ls
Adn-bp-h-scms sRp-I -Xs sNbvXp. Ah ZpxJm-Ip-e-cmbn
]msn. B hnjm-Z-aq-I-cmb P\m-h-en-sb- XncqmSv {Kmaw
A-cmY-n sRn. ]{X- sh A-c-n \nc-n.
amXr-`qan ]{Xw apJ-p-dn-s-gp-Xn. 84 hb-mb Hcm-fpsS ac-W-n\v
C{X khn-ti-jX
- ssIh-cm Ft ImcWw?! Bscsbnepw {]oWnn-p kz`mhw aue-hn-p-m-b-n-cp--Xmbn Bcpw ]d-bn-. GsXnepw ]{X-m-sc Xr]vXn-s-Sp-m Atlw {iann-cn-m\pw hgnbn-. Ahn-sS-bmWv Da aue-hn-bpsS hyXn-cn-X \mw I-dn-bp-Xv. tIc-f-nse apkv-enw ]n-X-m-cn Atlstmse Atlw am{X-am-Wp-m-bn-cp-pXv Fv ]d-bp-X
- mWv IqSp-X icn.
kzw a\x-km-n-tbmSv [oc-ambn Iqdp-]p-enb ap hyn-Isf
ImWpI {]bm-ka
- m-Wv. Xs {]kw-K--fnepw Fgp-nepw am{Xa;
kzw Pohn-X-nepw IpSpw_-Po-hn-X-nepsamw Cu [ocX Atlw {]I-Sn-n-n-cp-p. kk_o-en Atlw Fgp-Xnb Ah-km\s teJ\w Xs DZm-lc
- Ww. B teJ-\
- ns Xesp Xs
"a\x-kmn' Fm-bn-cp-p. AX-t-lw Cs\ hni-Zo-I-cn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. a\v kmyw hln hnjbamWv a\x-kmn. a\x-kmnsb am\n-p-I-sb-Xv Ghpw Db Hcp hyn amlm-y-amWv. a\p-jy A-s\-bm-bn-cn-Ww. A-s\-bp--h-\mWv l\o^v.
Atlw A-s\-bm-bn-cp-p.
kk-_o-ens Bcw`w Xs CXn\v kmn. 1971 s^{_p-hcnbn AXv ss{Xam-knIbmbn XpS-n. 1972 P\p-hcn apX amkn-Ibmbn.
XpS-
- nte At-la
- n-s\ Hcp {]kn-o-Ic
- W
- a
- m-cw-`n-m-\p ImcW- hy-am-n-bn-p-v. Nne apkvenw kwL-S\
- I
- f
- psSbpw hy-nI-fp-tS-bpw- BZi-hy-Xn-bm\w AXp icn-b-sdnbm-am-bn-cp-npw
th-s--h {]XnI-cn-m aSnp \np-p. CXns\Xn-cn-ep
a\-m-n-bpsS t{]cW, AXns _lnkv^p-c-W-amWv kk-_o. kk-_o ap {]kn-o-I-c-W--fn \nv ]e \nepw hyXncn-a
- m-bn-cp-p. 1973 sabv ew apX 5 hjmew hcnkwJybnmsX-bmWv AXv hnX-cWw sNbvX-Xv. CXv Hcp sNdnb hyXn-c-n--X.
D-S--am-bn-cpp {][m\w. apJw t\mmsXbp hnai\w AXns Ghpw henb hyXn-cn-X-bm-bn-cpp. Bsf t\m, sXfnhv
t\mp-I. AXm-bn-cpp ap{Zm-hm-Iyw. ap-h
- c
- psS FXn-c`
- n-{]m-b
-
adp-]Sn klnXw {]kn-oI-cn-pI At-l-ns kz`m-h-am-bn-cp-p.

599

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

AXoh cq-amb hyn-hn-ai-\

- sftmepw shdpw km[m-cW
- a
- - n Atlw adp-]Sn klnXw {]kn-o-Ic
- n-p-am-bn-cp-p-htm. Atl-ns Fgppw kwkmchpw Htct]msebmbn-cp-p. XnIpw efnXhpw AtX-b-h-k-c-n X-s- \nin-Xhpw.
_lp-am-\y-\m-bn-cp Ipy-map kmln_v
Hcn- kwkmcas[y ]d-p: kk-_o In Inn-bm Rm BZyw Xm]cy]qhw hmbn-pw. AXns coXn A{X BIj-I-am-sW--Xn\p
]pdsa AXp hmbn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-tm Da auehn kwkm-cn-psIm-n-cn-pI-bm-sWv tXmpw. Xopw icn-bmb Hc-`n-{]m-b{- ]IS-\-am-bn-cpp AXv.
At-l-ns Fm coXn-tbmSpw ]qW-ambpw tbmPnv {]I-Snnp-am-bn-cp-n Rm. AXns\ A-t-lw- FXn-Xp-an-. ap-h
-
Xs ssien Xs kzoI-cn--W-sav Atlw H-cn--epw- B{K-lnn-cp-pan. ]e-tmgpw At-l-n-s Nne ssien-tbmSv R-fn
]epw FXnp-m-Im-dp-v! AXv am-]qhw tIm Atlw Xmdm-Ip-Ibpw At-l
- ns kzw coXn-bn {]Xn-Ic
- n-p-Ibpw
sNmdp-v. Pam-As Ckvemanbpw apPm-lnZv {]m\hpw BZi]-ca
- mbn icnpw th]n-cn-bp-s
- X-hnsS shmWv? Fs-tmse ]epw AXv kw_-nv icn-bmb Ah-t_m-[-ap-m-n-bXv _lp-am\y-\mb Da aue-hn-bm-Wv.
F\n-n-jvSa
- n-m-, Rms\-Xnn-p ssien D]-tbm-Knv Xs
Da auehn BZi]c-ambn Fs amn-sb-Sppshv Xpdp kXnm Rm aSn ImWn-n-n-. Atlw R-fn ]e-cp-sSbpw ssien
kzoI-cn-n-cp-p-sh-n Hcp henb hn`mKw Bi-b-p-g--ns \Sphn Xs In-S
- v- \w Xncn-bp-am-bn-cp-p. ""Am-lp-hns Imcy-n
Hcm-t-]I
- s Bt-]hpw `b-s-Sp-Ib
- n-''- F hnip-J
- p-Bs
hnti-j-W-n\v Xopw Al-\m-bn-cpp Da aue-hn.
Cybnse ASn-b
- c
- m-h Imesn Fm-hpw Adnbmw.
]e aX-kw-L-S-\-Ifpw AXns t\Xmfpw A]-am-\-I-camw hn[w
hmep-aS- n \n Imew. Fm Da aue-hn-bp-sS-kk-_o- AXn-]-hmZw krjvSn-p. As Cy cmjv{S-]-Xn-bm-bn-cp ^Jvdp-o Aen AlvaZns Hcp {]kvXm-h\ Ckveman\v hncp--am-sWv
I-tm AXn-s\-Xn-cn kzw ASn-p-dn-tmsS hnai-\-te-J\w
{]kn--s-Sp-n. ASn-b--cm-h--bn Xs km-\-\n-b-{Ww
\n_--am-pamdp Hcp km-cp--chv h-tm AXn-s\-Xn-

600

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

cnepw kk-_o-en teJ\w {]kn-o-I-cnv Atlw Bss[cyw

{]I-Sn-n-p-I-bp-m-bn. Atlsbpw B teJ-\-sa-gp-Xnb F. F.
laoZv kmln-_n-s\bpw ad-m-\m-Ip-n-. apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns
kap-X t\Xm-fns Bfm-bn-cpp Fpw At-lw. 1950 13
t] tNv tIc-f- \Zvhp apPm-ln-Zo cq]o-I-cn--tm ]Xn\mem-a-\m-bn- A-h Da auehnsb sXc--Sp-p. As ]Xn-\mev
t]cn Pohn-X-tmSv hnS-]-d--Xnepw Atlw ]Xn-\m-em-a-\m-bn.
Fmepw Fm-hcmepw AwKo-I-cn--s apPm-lnZv t\Xm-hm-bncpp Atlw. sX Pn-I-fn CubSp Imew hsc Da auehn-bpsS {]m\w F \ne-mWv apPm-lnZv {]m\w Adn-b-sXp Xs. Fm kwL-S\
- b
- n m\-am-\
- At\z-jnv Atlw Fn-bn-. Fn-s- m\- Xs Atlw A{X Imcyambn FSp-p-an-. Fm BZi-ns Imcy-n m\--fn-ep-h {i ]Xn-n-s Fv IcpXn Hcp \nanjw t]mepw Atlw
I-Sn-n-.
Cu hminbpw Im-iyhpsams BZi-ns Imcy-n.
F-m XnIpw hyXy-kvX-\mb Hcp Da aue-hn-sb-bmWv hyn_---fnepw s]cp-am---fnepw \apv ImWm Ign-n-cp--Xv.
BZi-]c
- a
- mbn Xopw hncp tNcn-bn-ep-h
- t- cmSv t]mepw hyn]-ca
- mbn Akqbmh-lamw hn[w kc-fa
- mbpw kulmZ-]c
- a
- mbpw s]cpam-dn-bn-cpp Atlw. CXv F{Xtbm XhW A\p-`-h-s-n-p-v. Atl-ns \nXy-k--m-cn Xs Ccw hyn-Isf ImWmw.
BZi-_-p--tfm-Sp hyn-]-camb kao-]-\-s-n {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xn--tm. Rm\pw auehn kmln_pw Xn kmt-XnImY-n-ep Kpcp-in-jy-_samp-an-m-bn-cp-p. Nne-tm-sg-nepw
At-l-ns ssien-sb-n FXnv {]I-Sn-n-n-p-v. Fmepw
Rms\-tmgpw At-lhp-ambn _lp-am-\y-\mb Kpcp-hns AIew
kqn-p-t]m-p. bYmY-n AXn Icp-Xn-q--sem-p-an-m-bncp-p. A-s\ am{Xta F\nv Ign-n-cp-p-p.
At-l-am-I-s, FtmSv XnIpw kvt\l-]qhw s]cp-amdn Fpam-{X-a; Nne-tmsgnepw F\nv hnj-a-ap-m-Ip-amdv _lp-am\w
{]I-Sn-n-m-dp-ap-v. A]w A-ct- msS am{Xta F\n-X
- ns\ A`nap-JoI-cn-m Ign-bm-dp-p. Cn-tm Atlw IYm-ht- i-j\
- m-Wv.
At-lt- m-Sp IS-mSpw kvt\lhpw {]I-Sn-n-p-hm \mw _m[y-cmsWv Rm BmY-ambn hniz-kn-p-p. AXn-\mbn Atlw

601

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Dbn-n-Sn BZihpw Atlw ssIsIm BP-hhpw Imp

kqn-p-hm Ign-bp-am-dm-Is
- FmsWs {]mY-\. Am-lp Atl-sbpw \sbpw Ahs kzK-n Hcp-an-p-Iq-p-am-dm-Is
- .
(Aa-\m 2000 amv)
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

4
D-a- au-e-hn- Kp-W--fp-sS- tI-Zm-cw!Fv.C. apl-Zv _m_p-tkv

_lp-am-\y-\mb Da aue-hn-bpsS ac-W-hm. s^{_p-hcn 24\v

cmhnse Xncp-h-\]pcv shmWv Adn--Xv.
tcmK-_m-[n-X-\mb L-n cv {]mhiyw Rm aue-hnsb
t]-m-bn In-cp-p. cmw XhW s^{_p-hcn 15 Xncqmv sNtm auehnsb- hfsc Ah-i-\mbnmWv I-Xv. GI-tZiw 350 In.ao. bm{X sN-Ww Xncqmv Fm. kp_vln \a-kvImcw Ignv
hgn \osf Imdn-en-cpv {]mYnp sImn-cp-p. aue-hn-bpsS apJw
Ah-km\am-sbmv ImWm I\n-tb-Wta Fv. Am-lp- F-tmSv
IcpW- Imn. sshIp-tcw 5 aWnv Rm J_m\n-se-n. Hcp
Iqw a\pjy-tcm-sSmw J-_-dn- \a-kvI-cn-p.
35 hjs ]cn-Nbw. Ap Rm Imcy-t_m-[-sa-n-bn-n-m
]-\m-bn-cp-p. Fs ]nXm-hn-s\-m-Wm auehn h-tmgpw FdWm-Ip-fp hon hcp-am-bn-cp-p. Kmw`ocyw XpSpp \np
apJw. ]-s,- lrZy-amb s]cp-amw. a\-n B cq]w ]Xn-p. Fs
Dq-bpsS _m A_vZp lmPn BZw tkv, XuloZv {]N-cn-n-phm thn \nan sImn ]pXn-b-]-n-bn 1972 Bcw-`-n XuloZn-s ]S-\m-bI
- \
- mb Da auehn JXz-o_
- mbn hp. Hcp hjw
ss{Xam-kn-I-bmbn \S-nb tijw amkn-I-bmn amnb kk-_oepam-bn-mWv Atlw sImn-bn-se-n-bX
- v. Av apXmWv RfpsS _w Bcw-`n-p--Xv.
Fw.-Fk
- v.F
- ^
- n-eqsS Bw`n Fs s]mXp-{]-h-\w, CkvemanIv
Un kn-fn-eqsS XpS-tm Rm\pw Fs ktlm-Z-c\pw Dkp-lr-p-amb Fv.C
- . AlvaZv Xz-mln tkpw Pam-As CkvemanbpsS kl-bm-{Xn-I-cmbn Ign-n-cp-p. R-fpsS ]pt-Sn ke^n
akvPnZv,- a{Zk, sImn-bnse k\m\ a{Zk XpS-nb m]-\
- f
- n

602

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Pam-Ans Zo\o ta[m-hnXzw R-fn-eqsS hn-p-m-bn-cp-p.

Da auehn sImn ]pXnb]n-bn Fnb Hmw XoXn
apX Jpdm-^m-n-s-Xn-cn i-amb {]Nm-cWw XpS-n. X-pey-amb itbm-sS- Pam-As Ckveman-sbbpw kn.-F. aue-hnbp-sS Jp-B hymJym-\
- s
- fbpw FXnm XpS-n. kzm`m-hn-Iambpw At-l-ns Cu ]S-\ow Rv henb Akz--Xbp-m-n. Pam-Av B`n-ap-Jy-ap F\npw Xz-mln tkn\pw
Da auehn AhnsS hcp-Xn-jvSa
- m-bn-cp-n-. ]n ap-hn A_vZp lmPn AlvaZv tkp-hn-t\mSpw R-fpsS A\njvSw tcJ-s-Spp-Ibpw aue-hnsb Hgn-hm-m t{]cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atlw
]s, hg-n-bn-!
Jpp-_I
- f
- nepw mkp-If
- nepw {]`mj-W
- f
- n-ep-ambn sImn {]tZiw auehn Cfn adn-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. hmb-\m-io-ea
- p-h
- n-Sb
- n
kk-_o-ens Xmfp-IfneqsS i-amsbmcp Nnm-hn-hw Xs
Atlw \S-n. IWn-i-amb {]Xn-]m-Z-\-ssien, efn-X-amb hni-ZoI-cWw, Akm[mc-Wa
- mb [oc-X, hn{ia-cl
- n-Xa
- mb {]h-\w, kvt\l-]qhamb s]cp-amw CXymZn KpW- aqew bphm- At-ln\v Nppw kl-bm-{Xn-Ic
- mbn Zn\w{]Xn h[np hp. auehnbpsS
hnp-ho-gvNb
- n-m \nc-ct]mcmamWv Hcp hnNn-\
-
- n\v Rsf
t{]cn-X-cm-n-b-Xv.
kXyw t_m[y-s--tm ]ns Adp \nn-. Rfpw auehnbpsS kl-bm-{Xn-I-cm-bn. R-fpsS m]-\- ke^o- BZi{]-Imcw ipo-I-cn-p. ]pt-Sn akvPn-Zn F.-]n.-A-_vZpJmZ
auehn ]pXnb JXz-o-_mbn hp. apPm-lnZv {]m\ cwK-t-p
At-l
- n-s Ac-t-a
- m-bn-cpp AXv. Jpdm-^m-n \npw apPmlnZv cwK-tv h At-l-ns k-c-k-am-b,- Nntm--o-]-I-amb
am-ea
- u-enZv dmo_v {]kw-K
- sX tIc-f
- nse Zo\o-cw-Kv
Fsn-m Bth-ia
- m-bn. sImn-bnse akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo-\n
{]K--\mb sI.-kn. A_q-_- aue-hnbpw JXz-o_-ambn Fn-btXmsS sX tIc-f
- nse aX-cwKw BsI CfIn adn-p. ZnW
taJe-bnse apPm-lnZv {]h-\-v Nn-bmb t\XrXzw \Im Hcp kwhn-[m\w thW-sa-p Da aue-hn-bpsS \ntZi{]Imcw kuv tIcf sI.-F.Fw Inv cq]w \In. aue-hnbpsS B{K-l-{]-Imcw AXns sNbam-\mbn hn\o-X-\mb Rm\pw
sk{I-d
- n-bmb Xzmln tkpw \nb-an-X\
- m-bn. aue-hn-bpsS ]S-tbmw
sXtmv \on. Be-pg, sImw, Xncp-h\
- ]pcw Pn-If
- n Xulo-

603

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Zns i_vZw Ae-b-Sn-p. Ckz-vemlo- {]h-\-v ASn-d

]mInb Fdn-bmSv, Ago-tmSv {]tZ-i--fnepw ]p-\p-Whv ssIhp. sI.-F.-Fw. kuv tkmW In {]h-\-v klmbhpw kl-I-c-Whpw \In. bmsXmcp m\hpw Ae--cn-msX
Da auehn Rsfsbmw \bn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. kZm i_vZn-p
k-cn-p Hcp {]m-\-ambn Atlw hn{i-a-c-ln-X-\mbn ]S-shn-sm-n-cp-p. B \mfp-I Hma-I-fmbn Cp-ap-v. Fp-ap-mbn-cn-pw. Pam-As Ckveman-bpsS BZi-hyXn-bm\w, auZq-Zn-knse Kpcp-Xc
- a
- mb \ho\ Nn-I temI]n-Xn-Sb
- n Nmhn-jb
- a
- mn- amnbXv Da aue-hn-bm-bn-cp-p-shv ]d-m AXn
AXn-itbm-n-sbm-p-an-.
Htsd kKp-W--fpsS tIZm-c-am-bn-cpp auehn. tIc-f-ns
Fm appaq-eI
- f
- nepw tIc-fn\v ]pdpw K^v cmPy-f
- n-epambn
Hcp hn kplrZvhebw At-l-n-\p-m-bn-cp-p. In-t`-Z-at\y
[\-hmt\m Zcn-{Zt\m Fv {in-msX \ntem`w kt\lw sNmcnv sImSp-m At-l
- n\v Ign-n-cp-p. hmp-]m-en-p-I, ]Wan-S]
- m-Sp-If
- n IrXyX ]pepI, t]c-a
- f
- psS {]mb-n-ep-h
- v
t]mepw Xpey-m\w \In BZ-cn-pI Fn-XymZn kmaq-ln-I-ta-I-fn Da auehn Fpw apn Bbn-cp-p. ]nXr-Xpeyw Rm
kvt\ln,- ]p{X-hmk-ey-tmsS Fs kvt\ln alm-\h
- IfpsS
hntbmKw hyn-]c
- a
- mbn- henb \jvSa
- mbn Fs lrZ-bs aYnpp. sImn-bn-eqsS IS-p-t]m-Ip L-f-n Hcp t^m sNbvsXnepw B Aaqeyamb kvt\lw Atlw F\nv \Ipam-bn-cp-p.
Ai-c-W-tcm-Sp klm-\p-`qXn Da aue-hn-bpsS nc-amb kz`mh-am-bn-cp-p. FhnsS \nmtWm klmbw e`n-m km[y-X-bp-Xv
AhnsS \nsmw AXv hmnbpw ip]mi sNbvXpw _pn-appImcs\ klm-bn-p--Xn Atlw {in-p. R-fpsS {Sp-I-fn-
aue-hn-bpsS ip]mi-I Hc\p`hw Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. ]mn-Xyns-bpw [oc-Xb
- p-sSbpw \njvIf
-
- X
- b
- p-sSbpw Poh-Im-cp-Wy-kKpW--fp-sSbpw hnf-\n-e-am-bn-cp alm-\mb Da auehn, \-bp
a\p-Iv Fpw amXr-Ibpw tcmam--amb Hma-bp-am-bn-cnpw.
Fs ]nXmhv ac-W-s hm-b-dn Hcp kplrv Zam-an
\npw F\nv Bizmkw ]Iv I-b-p. AXn-ep-m-bn-cp
Jp-B hN-\-ns kmcw ChnsS ]I-s:""tl, kam-[m-\-a-S Bm-th, \o \ns cn-Xm-hn--tev
aS-n-smpI, Xr]vXn e`nh-\mb \ne-bn, Fnv Fs ASn-

604

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

bm-dp-I-fpsS Iq-n, Fs kz-K-n {]th-inp sImp-hn''

(^Pv:27:50)
Amlpth, R-fpsS kvt\l-\n[nbmb aue-hn-sbbpw Rsfbpw kz-K-n Hcp-anv tNt-W-ta, (Bao)
(i_m_v 2000 amv3)
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

5
A-\n-X-c-a-m-b- {]-t_m-[-\- hy-n-XzwsNdn-b-apw A_vZplaoZv aZ\n

Fgp-nepw {]kw-K-n-epw kc-fhpw efn-Xhpw \nin-X-hp-amb Hcp

ssien ]np-Sp-sImv P\-lr-Z-bfn m\w ]nSn Da
auehn Hcp teJ-\
- n-eqsS ]cn-Nb
- s
- -Sp-m-hp-X
- n-ep-]c
- n-bmb A\nXchyn-Xz-am-bn-cp-p. At-l
- ns teJ-\
- f
- p-sSbpw {]kw-Kfp-sSbpw Ghpw {it-b-amb khn-ti-jX Ah-bpsS kwth-Z-\-aX Xs-bmWv. hmbn-ntm tIn-tm a\-n-em-bn- F Hcp {]iv\w
Atlw H-cn--epw- Ahtijnn-n-n. At-l-ns efn-X-amb
ssien km[m-c-W-mpw A`y-kvX-hn-Zypw Hcp t]mse lrZyambn A\p-`-h-s-n-cp-p. Xulo-Zn ambw tNp--hpw bpnhm-Zn-Ipw apw At-l
- ns ssien thZ-\bpw hnj-ahpw krjvSnp--Xp-am-bn-cp-p. hnai\w aq-bp-Xpw Ipdnv sImp-Xpw
Bbn-cn--W-sav At-l-n\v \n_--ap-m-bn-cp-p.
At-l-ns {]t_m-[-\-{]-h-\--fpsS {it-b-amb asmcp
khn-ti-jX FXn-c`- n-{]m-bmv ]d-bmt\m Fgp-Xmt\m Xpd Ahkcw \InbXn\v tijw Ahv adp]Sn ]d-bpI F-Xm-bn-cpp.
{]kw-K-th-Zn-I-fn-tev bmYm-n-Xn-I-scbpw aX-cm-jv{So-b-m-scbpw
bpn-hm-Zn-I-sfbpw Wnv hcpn Ah-cpsS Bibw AhX-cn-nm Ah-kcw \Inb-Xn\v tijw hy-amb adp-]Sn \Ip
]cn-]m-Sn-I Atlw At\Iw e--fn kwLSn-n-p. ]s,
FXn-c-`n-{]m-b-m an-tmgpw Hcp Xpd kwhm-Z-n\v k--cmbn-cp-n-. Da aue-hn-sb X ]cn-K-Wn-p-nmsb [mjvSytmsS FXn-cm-fn-I amdn \n-tm \njv]
- a
- X
- n-If
- n ]epw
At-l-ns Xpd kao-]-\-tmSv aXnv IqSp-I-bmWp-m-b-Xv.
kk-_o amkn-IbpsS t]Pp-I Atlw Ftmgpw Xpd kwhm-

605

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Z-n\v \on shp. ]s, FXn-c-`n-{]m-b-m A]qh-amtb B

Ah-kcw D]-tbm-Ks
- -Sp-n-bn-cp-p-p. Acw k`-f
- n {]amW-\n-_
- hpw kv]jvSh
- p-amb adp-]S- n-I \In-smv kwhm-Zs
Atlw ^e-{]m-]vXn-bn-se-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. am\y-a
- m ssienbn FXn-cm-fn-I Fgp-Xnb Ip-Ifpw Ipdp-p-Ifpw t]mepw kk_o-en Atlw {]kn-o-Ic
- n-p-Ibpw DNn-Xa
- mbn {]Xn-Ic
- n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Bfp-I-fpsS h-h-en--tfm ]Z-hn-Itfm t\mmsX,- AhcpsS Bi-b-sf sXfn-hns ASn-m-\-n hne-bn-cp-m-\p
kk-_o-ens B-lzm-\w- klr-Z-bsc Gsd BIjn-p-I-bp-mbn. Cz-kvem-lo {]m-\hpw bmYm-kvXn-Icpw Xn-ep Bi-b-hyXym-k- A-anv hnh-cn-p eLp-te-J-I-fn-eq-sS-bmWv Da
auehn _lpP-\--fpsS {i Gsd BIjn--Xv. DZm-c-a-Xn-I-fpsS
kl-Ic
- W
- t- m-sSbpw kzw ]Ww sNe-hm-nbpw Atlw At\Imbncw eLpte-J-I A-Snv hnX-cWw sNbvXp. tIc-f-ns apqaqe-If
- n Cu eLp-te-JI
- hfsc Ne\w krjvSn-p-Ib
- p-mbn.
hnZym-`ymk-]-c-ambn ]ntmw \np {]tZ-i--fn hnip
Jp-B-\ns kt-i-sa-n-p--Xn\v thn Ad_nae-bm-f-n
hymJym-\-k-ln-X-ap JpB ]cn-`mj {]kn-o-I-cn-Xp hgn Da
auehn \nh-ln tkh\w AXp-eyambn-cp-p. kv{XoIfpw A]
km--c-cmb ]pcp-j-mcpw Hcp Ime-L--n hnip--{K--ns
D-S-w {Kln-p--Xn\v {][m-\-ambn B{i-bn-Xv Cu Ad-_n-a-ebmf Jp-B ]cn-`m-js
- b-bm-bn-cp-p. Cu ]cn-`m-jb
- psS Hcp kw{Klw
]noSv ae-bm-f-n Xs {]kn-o-I-cn--s-Sp-I-bp-m-bn. ]qWcq-]-n Xs ]cn-`mj ae-bm-f-n Xm-dm-n--gn--XmbpwAdn-bm Ign-p. ^mX-nlbpsS Xocv, lns hnfv Fo
{K--fn-eq-sSbpw Atlw CkvemanI hnm-\-n\v al-mb
kw`m-h-\-I An-n-p-v.
Hmtcm {]tXyI {]tZ-i- sXc-s-Spv Ahn-SppImcpsS
a\-n XuloZo Bibw Dun-bp-d-n---Xn\v Xo{h-bXv-\
- -ntes-Sp-I-sb-Xv Da aue-hn-bpsS Hcp {][m-\ ]cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn-cpp. sImn-bnepw Be-p-g-bnepw shfn-b-tmpw Xncqmpw shnS-n-ep-samw Atlw C{]-Imcw {]tXyIw {i tI{o-Ic
- nv {]t_m[\ bXv\- \nc-cw \S-n-tm-n-p-v. Jp-B\pw lZoYpw
ASn-m-\-am-n-bp nc-amb mkp-I-fn-eq-sS-bmWv Atlw Cu
{]tZ-i
- f
- n auen-Ia
- mb am-f
- p-m-nb-Xv. At-l
- ns mkpI-fn-eqsS kXyw a\-n-em-n-bh
- c
- psS BZ-i{]Xn-_
- X Gsd {itb-am-Ip-p.

606

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Da aue-hn-bpsS hnai\w \nin-X-am-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw hyn-hntcm-[-n-s ]m-ew AXn\v Hcn-epw Dm-bn-cp-n-. CkvemanI hnizm-k-s-tbm {]am-W--sftbm kw_-nv CX-c Fgp-Xnb-Xntem ]d--Xntem kXy-n\v hncp--ambn I Imcy--fn
tI{o-Ic
- n-p-X
- mbn-cpp At-l
- ns hnai-\
- . hntbm-Pnp-hsc ap hn[-n A]-IonsSp-m Atlw Hcn-epw
apXnn-sv am{X-a At-l-ns kulr-Zhpw klmbklIc-W-fpw Ah-sc-bp-w IqSn Dsm-m am{Xw hnim-e-am-bncppshv sXfn-bn-p [mcmfw kw`-h- Dm-bn-p-v.
hnj-b-ns aa-n \nv P-\-{i Xncn-p-hn-Sm FXnho-W-m A{]-[m\ hnj-b--fn-tev N hen-n-g-p-tm
Xulo-Zp-ambn- _-s apJy-{]-iv\--fn Xs N tI{o-I-cnpsImv Da auehn Ah-cpsS X{-sf ]cm-P-b-s-Sp-p-I-bmbn-cp-p. km[mcW-mv Bi-b-p-gw krjvSn-m Dt-inpsImv CX-c koW-amb N-Isf- Ah-ew-_n--tm Fmhpw \njv{]-bmkw a\n-em-m-hp hn[-n Ckvemans
auen-I-amb BZiw A]-{K-Yn-p-Xn-emWv Atlw {i tI{oI-cn--Xv. CkvemantI-Xc `c-W-Iq-S-n-s \nb-a- A\p-k-cn-
Ckveman\v hncp--am-sWv kaYn-p-sImv knZv auZq-Zn-bpsS
injy-m krjvSn Bi-b-p-g--sf Cu kc-f-amb J\coXn
aptJ-\bm-Wv Atlw \o-w sNbvX-Xv. Ckz-vemlo Bi-b-
Ghpw i-ambpw hy-ambpw Ah-X-cn-n-p Hcp {]t_m-[-\hy-n-Xz-amWv At-l-ns hntbmKw aqew \jvS-am-b-Xv. Amlp
At-l-n\v ac-Wm-\-c Pohn-X-n Fmhn[ ku`m-Ky-fpw
\Is Fv \apv {]mYnmw.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

6
R--- kv-t\-ln-- a-lmtUm. Aen, tUm. Bbni (APvam)

apPm-lnZv Fm Fv? Fn\v? apkvenw Fm- apkvenw IpSpw_-n P\n-p. AXp sImv Rfpw As\ ]d-bp-p! Pohn-Xn ]nSn-sbm-ep-Xp-m {]iv\--fp-m-Ip-tm, ]nSnp Xqm, {]mYn-m Hcp dv! ]c-temIw F Nn-t]m-ep-an-. As\-sbmcp L-n APvam-\n-ep B.-hn. apl-Zv auehnbpsS IqsS

607

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

_lp-am-\-s- Da auehn R-fpsS n\n-n hn-p-v. IqsS

]Tn tUm. kmen-ans ]nXm-hm-bn-v am{Xta At-ls Av Inp-p. ]noSv Amlphns A]m-c-amb A\p-{K-l-m ac-Wm-\cPohnXw Dd-mb bmYmYy-ambn a\-n sXfnp XpS-n. Ckveman-s\-p-dnv ]Tn-m XpS-n. kpn--P-am-Av BZi--fmWv
BZyw _-s--Xv. ]noSv jmP Ckvemln sk hgn lv
\n-h-ln-m t]mbn. AtXmsSbmWv R apPm-lnZv A\p-`m-hnI-fmbn amdn-b-Xv. Fnepw, Da aue-hn-bpsS cN-\-I-fmWv ke^oBZi-n Ddp \nm B-hn-izm-khpw sscyhpw Rv \In-b-Xv.
Hcn- n\n-n Fs Cfb ktlm-Z-c Da aue-hn-bpsS
X^vko hmbn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. Atm B.-hn.apl-Zv auehnbpw Da aue-hnbpw Ibdn hp. Cu X^vko cNn tZl-amWv
apn \np--sXv ]d Hma-bp-v. AXn\ptijw auehn
kmln_v K^n hcp-tm-sgs R-fpsS kvt\l-]qh-amb
At] ]cn-K-Wnv APvam-\n hv R-tfm-sSm-nv Xma-knpam-bn-cp-p. Am-e
- mWv apkvX^ ss^kn-bpsS Jp-B ZphymJym\w K^n {]kn-o-I-cn-p--Xv. AXp XS-bm Imcy-Im-cWw
klnXw Hu^m-Jn-tev I-b--p. IqSmsX A_vZp--aZv ka-Zm\n
Fw.]nv Hcp D]-tZiw CXv kw_--ambn Ab-p. m\-am-\-
Bfp-I-fpsS Cuam\ns\ Fs\ \in-n-p-sav lZo-Yp--cnv FgpXn-bXv Ctm Hmp-p.
kp_vlv \a-kvIm-c-n R-v Nne-tm auehn Cam-amIm-dp-v. tI-tm a\-smp hnd-p. icnpw kmc-apsmv
Jnbm-av \mfns `bm-\-IX apn Iv HmXp--Xp-t]m-ep Hc\p-`-h-ambncpp AXv. da-fm-\n Hcn- A-cm-{Xn-v- ti-j-a-p
Jnbm-ap-ss-en\v R-fpsS IqsS ]n-bn hcm auehn B{Klw
{]ISn-n-p. ZoL-t\cw \np \a-kvI-cn-p. ]nt-mWv lrt{ZmK
kw_-ambn aue-hnsb Zp-ss_- dmjnZv tlmkv]n--en AUvan-mtn hXv. ]noSv hn{i-a-n\v thn t^m hnfn-I Hgn-hmm A_vZp-emw Imb-sm-Sn-bpsS hon-tev amnma-kn-n-pI-bm-bn-cp-p.
Da aue-hnsb IqSp-X ASp-d
- n-Xv kk-_o-ens XmfpIfn IqSn-bmWv. Hmtcm amkhpw {]Xo--tbmsS AXp Imn-cnp
Ah-b
- nembn R. X]m Ip-I t\mp-X
- n\v apv kk-_o Xpd-m-\mWv IqSp-X Dmlw. ]n-q-S-ns ]Sn-Im-

608

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Wm--hv t]mepw hfsc efn-X-amb ssien-bn aX-hn-j-b-

DZm-l-c-W-k-lnXw hnh-cn-p-sIm-Sp-p-hm-\p aue-hn-bpsS Ignhv
Hp thsd Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. Imen-I-amb AtZ-iob hm-I-fSw kZp-t-iy-tmsS auehn kk-_o-en hnai\hnt[-b-amn-bn-cp-p. ^mX-n-l-bpsS Xocv F aue-hn-bpsS {K-nse
Hcp-Zm-l-cWw t\mq:- A\mb H-cp- a\p-jy s]m-n-W-dns
ASp--tev \S--Sp-p-tm AXn hogp-Xv XS-bmsX t\mn\nm Hcp km[m-cW a\p-jy\v Ign-bn--tm. AYhm Abm
hogp-Xv Rm Ip,- cn-m {iannsv ]d-m B a\pjys\ ap--h shdp-sX-hn-Sptam? CXn-s\-m F{Xtbm Ccn
`bm-\-I-amb \c-I-ns AKm-[-K-n-tev hogp Am\n-bmb a\p-jys\ XS-tb--Xv GsXmcp \ apkvenan-sbpw \n_-_m-[y-X-bmsW-Xn kwi-b-an F-Xm-Wtm DZm-l-c-W-neqsS auehn sXfn-bn-p--Xv. AXp-t]mse C_m-Z-n\v AYw ]dbp- hnj-b-n Icn-bpsS D]a ]d-bp-p-v. Icn aqY-n
aqn-Sv {]tbm-Kn-m-dp--tm. AXpt]mse C_m-Z-n\v aqYw
Htc hN-\-n Htc k`-n D]-tbm-Kn-m-h-X--tm. k`a-\p-k-cnv tbmPn AYw shpI-b-mWv _pn]c-am-b \S-]-Sn.
Hcm cmhnse DWp. Hcp Inn-bn sh-sa-Spv D-d--Snbn Ccn-p-p. "Icn sImphm' Fp ]d-m FmWv thsXv kmam-\y-_q-n-bp-h
- v a\-n-em-Ipw. Fm Cu kabv
Icn-bpsS ]cym-bmY-n Ds B\-sbbpw Imf-sbbpw Imf]qp \pIhpw IqsS teiw ]p tXp Icnbpw sImphm
Abmsfpdnv Fv [cnpw. C_m-Z
- n\v ASna-the, A\p-kc
- Ww,
Bcm-[\ Fo aqYfp-spw AXv aqpw "Cm \Av_pZp'F kp{]-[m\ hN-\-n Hnp ]cn-K-Wn--W-sa-p auZq-Znb knm-s efn-Xa
- mb DZm-lc
- W
-
- n-eqsS \a-t_m-[t- msS
hnain-p-Ibpw hmb-\-mv Imcyw hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn {Kln-np-IbpamWv auehn sNbvXn-p--Xv.
"Fs {]nb-s apkvenw kap-Zm-bta' F Xe-hm-N-I-n Hcp
teJ\w kk-_o-en auehn Fgp-Xn. B kwt_m-[\ Xs
BmY-Xbp Hcp a\-ns ASn--n \np--Xm-W-tm.
kzbw t_m[y-s kXy-ns IncWw ap--h-cp-sSbpw lrZ-bntepw Cp-sIm-Sp--W-sa AZ-ay-amb B{Klw Da aue-hn-bpsS
Fm cN-\I
- f
- nepw ImWmw. efn-Xa
- mb,- Nntm-o-]I
- a
- mb, t\qt\sc-bp At-l-ns ssien {]t_m-[-\-ho-Y-n-bn At\IamfpIv bYmY CkvemanI t_m[w \In. CXv \ntj-[n-m Ign-

609

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

bm kXy-amWv. kap-Zm-b
- n hebw sNbvXn-p A-XbpsSbpw- A-hn-izmknsbpw A-Imcw aue-hnsb hmsX thZ\n-nn-cp-p-shv At-l-ns kwkm-c-n \npw cN-\-I-fn
\npw hy-am-bncp-p. Ftmgpw kap-Zm-b-n\pw s]mXp-P-\-pw thn hymIp-e-s-Sp Hcp a\v. Ah-cpsS Zmcn-{Zyhpw IjvSmSpw auehnsb Iocn-em-gvp-Xv Rv A\p-`-h-s-n-pv. Ahv- e-`n-p-- sImpsImp Bizm-k-fpw klm-b-hpw
aue-hn-bpsSbpw- ktm-j-am-bn-cp-p. Zo\m-\p-I FXv Da auehnbp-sS kz`m-h-am-bn-cp-p.
Jp\qv HmXp-Xns\ auehn \ymbo-Ic
- n-X
- mbn ]d-bp-p-tm
Fv Hcn- tNmZn--tm ]d adp-]Sn,- F\nv sXp-]-m-Xn-cnm Rm \_n-sbm-p-a--tm F-m-Wv-. ap Nne Imcy- N
sNbvX-tm Camw im^n As\ ]d-n-p--tm Fp tNmZnp. adp]Sn Camw im^n-bpsS ASp- Pn_vco hcm-dpm-bn-cp-ntm Fm-bn-cp-p. kpo- apkvenbm-t- f, \nv Fp-]- n, \nfpsS Imcyw alm-IjvSw Xs!! Fn-s\ BmY-ambn hne-]np Hcp ]n-Xs\ tIc-f-n R- Inn-. XuloZv {]Ncn-n- ]c-a-{]-[m-\-ambn ImWp-Ibpw AXn-\mbn BmY-ambn
Pohn-p-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp ]n-X FhnsS? Hv \nv sImv
Hcp {]m-\stmse Nen-p-Ibpw Nen-n-p-Ibpw sNbvX a\pjy! AXm-bn-cpp R kvt\ln-p Da auehn .
kv{XoI-fpsS ]n-{]-th-i\
- I
- m-cy-s-p-dnv Hcn- tNmZn-tm Hcp sImp adp-]S- n. dkq "_m_p-n-km-Av'(kv{XoI-fpsS hmXn) Dm-n-bnt Fv ]d-p. Bbncw t]Pp-I Fgp-Xp--Xn-t\m ZrV-amb sXfn-hv B sImp hmn-ep-m-bn-cp-p!- aZo-\s
\_n bpsS ]n-bn kv{XoIv {]mY-\-mbn hcm {]tXyIhmXn Dmn-b-Xns\pdn-mWv ]d--Xv. sImpsImp hmNI-f
- n-eqsS henb henb {]iv\
- v auehn adp-]Sn ]dbpw. AXv
Hcp A]qh-amb Ign-hm-bn-cp-p. Hcp ]s, Ghpw A[nIw i{Xpsf km-Zn {]t_m-[-I\pw Da auehn Xs-bm-bn-cnpw. {]kn
]nX tIk-cn-bmb A_p lk Aen \Zvhnv t]mepw auZqZn-k-ns ]ng-hp-I Nqn-sm-Sp-Xv Da aue-hn-bm-bn-cp-p-shXv aue-hn-bpsS ]mn-Xyhpw AKm-[-]-T-\hpw hy-am-p-p.
Hcn- R Da aue-hn-tbmSv tNmZn-p. Fn-\m-Wv C{X ISp
ssien? adp-]Sn:- Fm-se-nepw kXyw At\y-jn-s
- .- F{Xbpw ISp-n ]d-bm am{Xw Kuc-h-ta-dnb Im-cyw- Xs-bm-Wtm CXv.
XuloZn-s Imcy-n hnp-ho-gvN-bpsStbm ab-s-Sp--enstbm

610

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

{]iv\w DZn-p-n--tm. Hcn- aue-hnv R-tfmSv Hcp [mcWni-Ip-m-bt- m Rsgp-Xn. ""\nn-\nbpw "emC-eml
C-mlp'-hns AYw a\-n-em-bn-n-s-n \ Xn C\n
_w XpS-cp-X
- n F\nv Xm]-cy-an.'' AXm-bXv, Ghpw {][m\w BZi-_w Xs. AXn-m _w aue-hn-bpsS `mj-bn
]h- \in _m-dn-bm-sW-Yw. Ip Inn-b-tm hm hnja-ambn. DS Xs t^mWn \mn-tev hnfn-p. R B [mcW-n-iIv Xncp-n. bmsXmcp Imc-W-h-imepw aue-hn-bp-am-bp
_w AI-epXv Rv kln-m Ign-bp--X-m-bn-cp-p.
R \mn-se{X Npcp-nb Znh-k-tv t]mb-Xm-sW-nepw
Xncqmv Fn aue-hnsb In--msX K^n-tev aS-m-dn-.
R \mn hcp hnh-cw Inn-bm A[n-I-]-hpw Rsf
Imv Icn-q Fbt]mn auehn \np-p-m-Ipw. B ImgvN
Hcp hm IIp-fna Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. Fs (tUm. Aen-bpsS)
amXm-hns P{Kma-amb Itmv auehn kin-p-Ibpw AhnS-s- sI.-F.-Fw. {]h-Iv {]tNm-Z-\-hpw amK-Zi-\hpw
\-IpIbpw sNbvX-Xns ^e-amWv AhnsS kk-_o Ad-_ntm-tfPv m]n-X-am-b-Xv. dn\v kvXpXn!
Ayw ASp-p Fv auehnv tXmn-pS-n-b-Xns Nne
kqN-\-I Ip-I-fn CS-nsS Ip sImn-cp-p. Fs J-_-dnte-p Zqcw hfsc Ipd-n-cn-p-pshv ]e-tmgpw Fgp-Xn-pSn. Cu da-fm-\n Fs hnfn-m Inp-I-bn-spw In Ip.
auehn A[n-I-k-a-bhpw ]n-bn Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. `W-tmSv
hm hnc-n-bp-m-bnpw hm[-Iy-ns Ah-i-X-bnepw t\mv
Hpw Hgn-hm-n-bn-n-. "CXv Akp-J-a; hm[-Iy-am-Wv. CXn\v NnIn-bn-' Fpw In-ep-m-bn-cp-p. ]noSv aue-hnv AkpJw
IqSp-X-em-Ip-IbmsWv da-fm-\n\v tijw hnhcw Inn. Xulo-Zns
Kmw`o-cy-ap i_vZw F-t-p-ambn \nem t]mIp-I-bmtWm?
Ipdv apv Rm (tUm. Aen-) t]mbn aue-hnsb In-cp-p-sh-nepw
B Iv hmbn-t- m Rv hopw ImW-Ws
- av Bi. DSs\
\mn-tev Xncn-p. aI aq_m-d
- ns `mcy Paoe t^mWn- ]d
hmpw ""aue-hnsb ImW-W-sa-p-s-n thK-am-I-s, sshInt''- IqSn-bm-bt- m ]pd-s-p. Hcp hymgmgvNb
- m-bn-cp-p. hnam-\
- n
shn-bmgvN cmhnse aue-hn-bpsS ASp-s
- e-n. R sNptm _lp-am-\s
- - F.-]n. A_vZpJm-Zn- auehn Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cpp.
hm[-Iy-nepw bph-Xz-ns Du-kz- e
- X shn-n-f
- n-bn-cp

611

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Da auehn XfpInS-p-p. kwkm-c-ti-jnbpw hfsc Ipd-hv. asf-mw Nmc-p-v. Ay-bm-{Xv auehn Hcp-p-I-bm-Wv. NnIn-bpw acp-pw Dt]-n-n-cn-p-p. \n-lm-bc-- mb afpw th-shcpw R-tfmSv ]cmXn ]d-p. Rfpw F.-]n.-bpw tNv At]np t\mn. C\n acpv th Fv ]Xps ]d-p. \n-bZmVy-tmsS BwKyw ImWn-pIbpw sNbvXp. `Ww {Zh-cq-]n.- AXpw hfsc Ipd-hv. auehn A\-iz-c-amb B Pohn-X-bm-{Xv
a\-p-sIm-v Hcpngn-p. Ppap-Av tijw a\v Xf \nebn R aS-n. Amlp Ahs hn[n \S-pI Xs sNpw.
aue-hn-bpsS Pohn-X-ZuXyw Ignpsh tXm. AXp Ign-p.
R APvam-\n Xncn-s-n. HcmgvN XnI-n; shfp-m Imew
ap_m-d-ns t^m.... As\ hnip--Jp-B-t\mSv If--an-m
Iqdp-]p-enb, Xulo-Zn\v thn Bscbpw hI-sh-msX ]S-s]mcp-Xnb BZi-w ]-nX]machy-Xym-ks-at\y P\-f
- n-se-n-m
{ian B alZvPohn-X-ns `uXn-I-\n-an-j-v Xnc-oe hoWp.
Cm-en-m-lv.......
Xs XymK-]-cn-{i-a-v {]Xn-^ew hmp--Xn-\mbn.... auehnbpsS `mj-bn, Am-lp-hns kn-[n-bn-tev Atlw bm{X-bmbn.
bYmYhpw Al-hp-amb {]Xn-^ew Amlp \Ip-am-dm-I-s.
{]nb-s R-fpsS auehn R-fpsS a\-n am{Xa; XuloZns\ kvt\ln-p,- bYmY ke-^nI-fpsS lrZ-b
- fnepw ambmsX,
amsX Pohn-n-cn-p-p.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

7
F-s- D-a- au-e-hnFw.-Fw. AIv_
(UbdIvS, \nv Hm^v {Sqv)

Da auehn.- XuloZo {]t_m-[-\-n\v thn PohnXw Dgn-psh alma-\p-jy. inns tIm-If

- n-tev Ib-dn-sv JpB\nsbpw kp-n-sbpw {]` hnX-dnb {]t_m-[-I. Xm kXy-amsW hniz-kn BZiw P\--fn-se-n-p--Xn-\mbn Atlmcm{Xw A[zm-\n ]S-bm-fn. icn-sb-p-d
- p Imcy- BcpsS apJp
t\mnbpw ]d-bm ss[cyw ImWn ]cn-jvImhv. shfn-btm-

612

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

pIm-c\
- mb Da aue-hnsb Adn-bm-h
- tIcf apkvenwI-fn Xptemw
hnc-fa
- m-bn-cp-p. Cpw B_m-eh
- rw apkvenwIv B t]cv Adnbmw.
Nnev B \maw Bthiw \Ip-p. Da auehn Fp tIptm sRn-s-dn-p--h-cp-v. AhtbmsS ]n-dp-n-smv
am{Xw B t]cv tIm Ign-bp--h-cp-v. B \maw tIp-tm
im]-{]mY\ \S--W-sav injy-msc D]-tZ-in--h-cp-v.
CsXmw Fp-sIm-m-bn-cpp? {]hm-N-I-m-scmw ]Tn-n
XuloZv Fm-sWv ]-bmbn P\-t- fmSv ]d-X
-
- msX asmcp
sXpw Atlw sNbvX-Xmbn ISp hnai-Ip-t]mepw hmZ-an-.
Ah-cmcpw At-l-n-s\-Xnsc Agn-aXn Btcm-]Ww D-bnnn.
A[manIhrn-I-fn-tes-Sp- BfmWv At-l-sav Bcpw ]dn-n-. At-l-n-s\-Xn-cn-ep-m-bn-cp-Xv Hscm Btcm-]-Ww
am{Xw. XuloZpw inp-sa-m-sWv P\-v a\-n-em-Ip
`mj-bn hf-p-sI-n-msX Atlw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p-sh Btcm]Ww am{Xw.
Fs Pohn-X-n-tev Da auehn IS-p-h-Xv Fm-sWv
F\nv Hma-bn-. sNdp--nte Dms IqsS Da aue-hn-bpsS
{]`m-jWw tIm t]mbXv Hma-bp-v. ""Cbmv apkvenwIsf
Xn-e-Sn-n-p hnj-b--f-msX asmpw ]d-bm-\n-t'' Fv
{]kw-Kw Ignv Xncnp hcp Bq--n-\n-S-bn \nv Nne
"D]-Xn-jvWp-' ASw ]d-Xpw Hma-bp-v. hb-mb Hcm-sfn FmWv C-h- Cs\ ]d-bp-sXv a\v t\mhn--Xmbpw
Hmp-p-v. Fnepw Fv,- Fn-s\-bmWv Da auehnbpambn
t\cn ]cn-N-b-s--sXtm At-l-ns Ah-km-\- \m-fp-hsc
XpS AXp-eyhpw A\nh-N-\o-b-hp-amb kvt\l-_w XpS-nb-sX-s-s\-bm-bn-cp-p-shtm Hmp-hm F{X {ian-npw Ignbp-n-. B hnkvarXn kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wtm. Rm ]pXnb Xe-ap-dbnse HcwKw. Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-cw-Ks \hm-K-X. Da auehnsbtmsebp alm-cY
-
- m ]mSp-s]v hfn-sb-Sp Cu BZi{]-m-\-n-tev ]nm-ev h-h. Ahscmw hncn-n-Sv
am{Xw InS-m am{Xw `mKyw e`n--h. A-s\-bp HcmfpsS
_-n BZyw Fsm-ptm?
Fnepw Rmt\mp-p. Fs BZyteJ-\
- f
- n-semv A-Snv
hXv kk-_o-en-em-bn-cp-p. "Hcp `nj-Kz-cs imkv{X-t_m[w' F
Xe-s-n tUm. Dkvam- kmln-_ns\ hnain-p-sImv bpn-hmZnamkn-Ib
- mb "cW-tcJ'bn h teJ-\
- n\v adp-]S- n-bmbn "Hcp bpn-

613

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

hm-Zn-bpsS imkv{X-kvt\lw' F Xe-s-n Rms\-gp-Xnb Ipdnv.

{]oUn-{Knv ]Tn-p-tm-gm-sWv tXmpp {]kvXpX Ipdnv kk_o-en A-Snv h-Xv. Aln-m {]m[m-\y-tm-Sp-IqSn AXv
kk-_o-en h-tm Hcp km{amPyw Iog-S
- nb A\p-`q-Xn-bm-bncpp Av. F\npw Fgp-Xm Ign-bp-sav temIw AwKo-Ic
- n-ncnpp-sh tXm. hfp hcphsc ssI]n-Sn-p-bnbpw XtemSnbpw sImv t{]mm-ln-n-p-Ibpw Dbn-smp hcn-Ibpw
sNp-I-sb B Hcp alm-a-\p-jys k-\-m-bn-cpp B Ipdnv
\In-b-Xn\v ]nn-sev C-v- Adn-bm Ign-bp-tm Da auehn
F B alm{]Xn-`m-ks Fs hyn Pohn-X-n-ep-mb hgnn-cn-hn\v Imc-W-m-cn-sem-cm-fmbn a\-n-emm\m-Ip-p.
]pXnb Xe-ap-d-bn s]-hsc t{]mm-ln-n-p ]e-scbpw \ap-dn-bmw. As\ t{]mm-ln-n-m thn am{Xw XymKhpw {]bmkhpw kln-p Hcmsf am{Xta Fs Pohn-X-n CXp-hsc
ImWm Ign-n-p-p. Da aue-hn-bm-W-Xv.
kvIzmUv {]h-\
- f
- nepw Id-kvt]m-kv tImgvknepw am{Xw
HXpn \np-sIm-p ZAvhm ]cn-]m-Sn-If
- n \nv hyXy-kvXa
- mbn
tNmtZym--c-tmSp IqSn s]mXp-{]-`m-j-W- IqSn \S-m \nv
Hm^v {Sqv Xocp-am\n-tm {]kvXpX Xocp-am\w Fm ]nXmscbpw Adn-bn-m-sav IcpXn BZys t{]m{Km-ans W-v
Xe-ap-Xn ]n-X-msmw Abp sImSp-n-cp-p. Fd-WmIpfw Su lmfn shv \S ]cn-]m-Snv ae-_m-dn \nv Bscnepw hc-W-sav Dt-iytam hcp-sa {]Xo-tbm Dm-bn-cp-n.
C-s\-sbmcp ]cn-]m-Sn IqSn \nv Hm^v {Sqv \S-p-p-shpw
tIc-f-ns hyXykvX `mK--fn Ccw ]cn-]m-Sn-I XpS-cp-hm
Dt-iy-ap-spw \psS ]n-X
- msc Adn-bn-pI am{X-am-bncpp
W--ns eyw. {]`m-j-W-n\v thZn-bn-se-n-b-tm kZn apn Xs Da auehnbmbn-cp-p! t\css h--v
{]kwKw Imn-cn-p-I-bmWv auehn. {]kwKw apgp-h\pw tNmtZymchpw Ign-mWv auehn t]mb-Xv. Xncqmv \nv Fd-Wm-Ipfw
hsc Hcp {]kwKw tIm am{X-ambn {]bm-ks
- v _n hcn-I.
aqp aWnq-tdmfw kZ-n-en-cpv ]cn-]mSn hon-p-I. Ah-km\w,Ign--tijw apJv ap-hm-cn-bn-tS Xc-n apJ-kvXpXn ]dbmsX ssI]n-Snv {]`m-j-I\v thn {]mYn-p-I. CXn\v Da auehn-
- msX ammWv Ign-bp-I? Fs {]`m-jW
-
- n \nv Fsn-epw ]pXnb Adnhv e`n-p-sa [mc-Wt- bmsSbmhp-Ib
- n-tm Atlw h-Xv. Ww \nc-kn-m-Xn-cn-pIsb {]hm-NI
- h
- N
- \w A\p-

614

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

[mh\w sNm thn, {]t_m-[\cwK-s ]pXnb Imsh-bv]pIv t{]m-m-l\w \Ip--Xn\v thn, AXp-am{Xambn-cpp
Atlns ey-sav t{]m{Kmw Ign-v ssI]n-Sn-v Atlw
\S-nb {]mY\-bn \nv hy-am-bn.
Hcn-IqSn Da aue-hnv W---b-p-I-sb A_w
R-fn \np-m-bn-p-v. Nmh-mSv shv \S AUz: ambnIpn
ta-dpsS {]`m-j-W-ns W--mWv Ab-Xv. {]t_m-[-\
cw-Ks \hm-KX
- F \nev ktlm-Zc
- tasd \psS ]nX-mv ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-m thnbmWv {]kvXpX t{]m{Km-ans
W-v Fm-hpw Ab--Xv. B ]cn-]mSnbnepw Da aue-hn
]s-Sp-p. AXn\v am{X-ambn Atlw Nmh-m-Sv hp. ]qW-ambpw
tIp. At-l
- ns kzX-kn-a
- mb ssien-bn Hcp tNmZyhpw tNmZnp. \njvI-f--amb B tNmZyw C_m-Z-ns\nbmbn-cp-p. Da
aue-hn-sb alm-]-n-Xs tNmZy-n\v adp-]Sn ]d-bm am{Xw
Rm\n-sv ta adp-]-Snbpw ]d-p.
]no-sSm-cn-epw A_--n t]mepw Da aue-hnv Wv Ab-m-Xn-cn-m R {in-m-dp-m-bn-cp-p.
kk-_o-en Rms\-gp-Xnb Ipdn-n-s\-p-dnv ]d-p-h-tm.
tUm. Dkvam kmln_pw Fw.-kn. tPmk^v, ]n.-kn. IS-ep-n XpSnb bpn-hm-Zn-Ifpw Xn Hc ]XnmpIv apv kk_o-en-eqsS \S-nb kwhm-Zs hnai-\m--I-ambn hne-bn-cp-nsmv Hcp bpn-hmZn Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-n-\p adp-]-Sn-p-dn-mbn-cp-tm AXv. AXv Fgp-Xp--Xn\v apv kk-_o-en-eqsS \S
{]kvXpX kwhmZw t{ImUo-Ic
- n-Xv ]qW-ambpw hmbn-t- m ApXhpw A`n-am-\hpw tXmn. aX-\n-tj-[n-If
- p-ambn Ah-cp-]t- bm-Kn-p
imkv{X-ns Bbp[w Xs D]-tbm-Knv tUm. Dkvam kmln_v
kwh-Zn-p-Ibpw Ahsc Dcw apn-p-Ibpw sNbvXXp I-tmgp
ApXw; ]Xn-mv apv Xs kk-_o t]mse-bp Hcp ip
aXamknI bpn-hm-Zn-If
- p-am-bp kwhm-Z
- n\v k-a
- m-bX
- n-ep
A`n-am-\w. bpn-hm-Zn-I-tfmSv Da auehn \S-nb shp-hn-fn-bpsS
sXfn-abpw auen-I-Xbpw Gsd km[m-c-W-m-c\pw a\-n-em-Ipw.
kXysav ZrV-t_m-[y-ap hnj-b
- fn kwh-Zn-m-\pw AXn\v
shp-hn-fn-m\pw Da auehn ImWn Nq--amWv At-l-n\v
i{Xp-s
- fbpw an{X-s
- fbpw Dm-n-bX
- .v Xs ssIh-ia
- p Bibw
kXy-am-sWv ZrV-ambn t_m[y-ap--hv am{Xta kwhm-Z-n\v
k-a
- m-Im-\p ss[cyapm-Iq. F-s\tbm Xe-bn hp-t]mb

615

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Bi-b-{]-Nm-c-W-ns t\Xr-cw-K-n-cn-p-tm-gpw kzw BZis-p-dnv A]-Ij-Xm-t_m-[-ap--hv Da aue-hn-sb-tm-sebph \S-nb kwhm-Z

- fpw kwhm-Z- sh-p-hn-fn-Ifpw kv]m\n-jI
v mf-I-fpsS t]mcmbpw A\mt{ImWn-p-I-fpsS B`m-k-{]-I-S-\-ambpw
akvXnjvIw hn-hc
-
- h
- c
- psS t\c-tm-p-If
- mbpw tXmpI kzm`mhnIw. BZi-tmSv {]Xn-_
- X
- bpw CkvemanI XX-z
- f
- psS APXbn-ep ]qW-hn-izm-kh
- p-ap-h
- Jp-B \ntZ-in-Xp t]mse \
coXn-bn-ep kwhm-Z
- v BPhw ImWn-pw. Da auehn XuloZns {]Nm-cI
- \
- m-Ip-X
- n A`n-am-\a
- p Bfm-bn-cp-p. AXp-sImv
Xs ]nn-cn- Fv ap-h
- hnfn-p-X
- ns\ A-t-lw- Kuchamsb-Sp-t- X-bn-. X\n-d
- n-bm-hp hnj-b
- f
- psS Imcy-n Bcpambpw kwhm-Z-n\v Atlw Xm-dm-bn-cp-p. bpn-hm-Zn-Ifpambn
t]mepw!Hcp Znhkw Da auehn sSen-t^m-Wn hnfn-p-sImv- s]cna-bn shv Hcp a-X-kwhmZw \S--W-sapw AXn Atlw
apn-n-d-p-I-bm-sWpw kl-I-cWw thW-sapw ]d-p. FmWv sN-t-Xv Fv ]d-m aXnsbv Rm ]d-p. A-s\bmWv At- l - ns t\Xr- X z- n s]cn- a- - b n shv
sslh-ss{IkvXhCkvemw kwhmZw \SXv. AXn hnjbw
Ah-X-cn-n-Xv ambnIpn tadpw Ckvemans\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cnv
kwkm-cnXv Rm\pw Bbn-cp-p-. arU-m-\- -kzm-an-Ifpw ^mZ dmt^epw ap cp aX-sf {]Xn-\o-[o-I-cn-p. Da aue-hn-bm-W-Xn
kzmKXw ]d-Xv. {]kwKw FgpXn hmbn-p-I-bmWv Atlw sNbvX-Xv. Npcpn hmp-If
- n {]kvXpX kwhmZw kwL-Sn-n-X
- n\v ]nnep ey-sbpw AXn \nv kwLm-S-I-cpw t{imXm-fpw
FmWv {]Xo-n-p--sXpw Atlw hnh-cn-p. kwhm-Z--fpsS
t]cn \S-p kha-X-k-Xy-hmZw hnf-w-_cw sNp ka-\zb
kt-f-\--tfmSp {]Xn-tj[w \ng-en-p-X
- m-bn-cpp {]kvXpX
kzmK-X{- ]-`m-jW
- w. B kwhmZw Hcp hhnP-ba
- m-bn-cp-p. tIc-f
- nse
CkvemanI {]t_m-[\
- c
- wK-s Hcp \mgn-I
- v Fv Xs AXns\
hnti-jn-n-m-sa-mWv AXn\pti-j-ap A\p-`-h- hy-amp--Xv. s]cn-a-bn shv \S kw-hm-Z-s- hne-bn-cpnsmv kk-_o-ensegp-Xnb hcn-I aX-{]-t_m-[Is-map hgn-Im-n-bm-bn-cp-p. AXn At-l-ns D]-tZi Fs
kw_-n-t-S-tmfw hyn-]-c-ambns Gsd D]-Im-c-s-SpXpambn-cp-p. {]t_m-[\
- {- ]-h-\
- f
- p-am-bn aptmv t]mIp-tmsgmw KpW-Imw--tbm-sS-bp B D]-tZ-i- amKZo-]-ambno-

616

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

cm-dp-v. Da auehn At-l-ns PohnXw AY-hm-n. kXyZo-\ns ]S-bm-fn-bmbn Pohn-p; As\s Cu temI-v \nv
hnS ]d-p. BZi-n-s\-Xnsc Bcv- hnc-e-\-n-bmepw Atlw
FXnp. kz-m-sctm _p-m-sctm Cm-cy-n Atlw
t\mn-bn-. tcmK-i
- b
- nembnnS-p-tm t]mepw Atlw PnlmZn-em-bn-cp-p. Jp-B\
- n-sbpw kp-n-sbpw ASn-m-\
- n icnb-sv Atlw a\-n-em-nb Imcy-s-Xnscbp PnlmZv.
"Bsf t\mmsX sXfnhv t\mn Imcyw {Kln-pI' F XXzneqn \np-sImv aX-cw-Kv Hcp sImSp-m-m-bn-s- X-s-bmWv
Amlp At-ls Xncn-p- hn-fn--Xv. XuloZo {]t_m-[-\-cw-Ks
Xs IWn-ia
- mb \ne-]m-Sn amw hcp-m k-a
-
- m-Xn-cp-X
- n\m Xs At-l-s-tm-ep--h hncn-n-Sv InS-p-hm kuIcyw e`n Fs Xe-ap-d-bn-ep Nnev Atlw A\-`n-a-X-\mbn.
{]hm-NI
- am-cpsS ]mX ]n]-n-smv Zo\o {]h\w \S-W
- sav iTn At-l-ns Xqen-Ibpw Pnlzbpw \h-aq-ey-{I-a-ns
hm-s-Xn-scbpw Xncn-p....-Kp-W-Imw--bn-eq-nb D]-tZ-i-fm-bn-cpp Da aue-hn-bp-tSXv. AXn-\p {]Xn-Im-ca
- m-Is ss]imNn-IX
- b
- psS aq[-\y-n-ep-X
- m-bn-cp-p. Amlp Ahv k_pn
\I-s (Bao).
Ah-km-\a
- mbn Rm Da aue-hn-sb I
-
-- Xv ac-W
- n\v GXm\pw
Znh-k
- v apm-bn-cp-p. Ass ssI]n-Snv Ipsd Ic-p; Hcp
{- ]mY-\bpw. {]mY-\b
- n \nv B KZvKZ-f
- psS AYw hy-ambn-cp-p. Cv Rm\-dn-bp-p,- IWvTa
- nS-dn-smp {]mY\ Amlp
kzoI-cn-n-cn-p-p-shv. {]hm-N-I ]d--sX{X icn! ""aZn-Xs {]mY-\pw Am-lp-hn-\p-an-S-bn bmsXmcp ad-bp-an-''. Da
auehnsbbpw \sbpw Amlp kzK-n Hcpanp-Iq-s
- , Bao.
1

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

D-a- au-e-hn-

8
Hm-m-\pw- ]-Tn-m-\pwknZv apl-Zv imn
({]kn-Uv,- sF.-F-kv.Fw)

Da auehn
Hcp khn-tij hyn-Xz-ns DS-a-bm-bn-cp-p.
GsXm-cmpw a\-n- Fspw Imp-kq-n-m X lrZyamb A\p-`-h- km-\n-m At-l-ns If--te-i-an-m

617

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

{]Ir-X-n\v Ign-n-cp-p. CS-]-g-Im Ah-kcw e`n--hsmw

Xtm-SmWv aue-hnv IqSp-X ASp-hpw kvt\lhpw Fv tXmpam-dp, lrZbw sXm-dn-bp s]cp-am-
- ns DS-ab
- m-bn-cpp auehn.
kwkmcw, {]kwKw, cN\ XpS-n-b-h-bn-semw a\-n \npw a\n-tev [mc apdn-bm-sX-bp Hcp {]hm-lw t]mse kwh-Zn-m
Am-lp At-l-n\v \Inb Ignhv A\n-X-c-km-[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-p.
BmY-Xbpw \njvI-f-Xbpw \nd-sm-gp-Ip aue-hnbpsS hmpIv Nne-tm [man-It- cmjns aq-tb-sd-bp-m-Ipw. a\nepw apJpw hn\-bh
- pw emfn-Xyhpw Imp-kq-n auehn,- BfpIv a\-n-em-hm Imcy-tf ]d-bmhq Fp hmin ]nSn-p
s]m-
- n-sbpw Ir{Xn-aX
- z-nbpw XX-zi
- m-k{v X-n-s\pw FXncm-bn-cp-p.
hfsc sNdp-
- n Xs Da aue-hnbpambn ]cn-N-b-am-Im\pw
B kvt\l-hm--ey- Gp-hm-m\p-ap `mKyw F\n-p-m-bnp-v. Fs hy-]n-Xmhv sI.-F-kv.-sI X-fpambn aue-hn-p-mbn-cp B-_amWv F\n-n-Xn\v Ah-k-c-ap-m-n-bXv. Amev R-fpsS honepw D-bpsS ]nXmhv ]n.-sI. aqk-au-ehnbpsS
ASp-epw Da auehn CS-nsS hcp-am-bn-cp-p. C-s\-bp-mb
_w kwL-S\m cwK-tv h-tm XpSp-sImv t]mIphm\pw aue-hn-bpsS acWw hsc in-bmbn \ne-\np-hm\pw dns A\p-{K-l-m Ign-p. R-fpsS \mSmb ]pfn- knbmwI-v kakvX kpn-hn-`m-K-hp-ambn ]n-bpsS Imcy-n AhIm-i--ap-m-b-tm hj- \o tIkp-IsmSphn
a[y Xocp-am\apmbn. ]n apPmln-Zp-Ipw \psS a{Z-kbpw
Hcp hXpIbpw ka-kvX
- mpw \-IW
- s
- a-m-bn-cpp Xocp-am-\w.
Cu L-n XpI tiJ-cn-m\pw \jvSs
- a{Z-kv ]Icw asmv
m]n-m-hm\pw \psS {]h-I ITn-\m-[zm\w sNbvXp-sImn-cp-p. B hnj-a-L--n alm\mb Da aue-hn-bpsS HuZmcylkvXw ktm-j-]qhw Rv t\sc \oXv temI-h-km\w
hsc hnkva-cn-m-\m-Im-Xpw ]c-tem-Iv At-l-n\v al-mb
{]Xn-^ew e`n-m D]-Ic
- n-p-X
- p-amWv. knbmw-I
- v ]n-tbmSv
tNv tdmU-cn-In 8 sk v `qan auehn-bp-tS-Xmbn Dm-bn-cp-p.
AXv anX-ambn hne-hmn \psS a{Z-kv e`n-ptam Fv aue-hntbm-St- \z-jn-m Fs ]nXmhpw ap Nnecpw At-ls
- kao-]np.
Hcp \nanjw t]mepw Btem-Nn-n. auehn DSs\ ]d-p. B ew

618

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

\nv shdpsX Xn-cn-p-p. tdmUcn-In-em-b-Xn-\m \ hne

e`n-m km[y-X-bp-- `qan ]c-tem-Is hne am{Xw Imwnv
sImv Cs\ \Im Atlw ImWn Dmlw B khn-tij
hyn-Xz-ns Hcp ap{Z-bm-bn-cp-p. Cu ev ke^n a{Zk
Cv \ \ne-bn {]hn-p-h-cp-p.
BZi-cw-Kv aue-hn-bpsS IWn-iX Nnev AtcmN-I-ambn
tXmn-bn-p-s-nepw At-l
- ns BmYX tNmZyw sNmhp--X
- m-bn-cp-p. P\w B t] tIpXv Xs Cu IWn-i-X-bpsS Hma-tbm-sS-bm-bn-cp-p. Fm ]cn-N-b-s-Sp Hmtcm-cp--cpsSbpw hyn]c-amb {]iv\
- fpw {]bm-k
- fpw tIp-hm\pw AXv
kzw {]iv\ambn Dsm-m\pw, Ign-bp ]cnlmc- sNm\pw
alm-Xn-c
- n-\n-Sb
- n aue-hnv Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p. AXmWv Da auehn-pm-bn-cp {]tXyI khn-ti-jX
- . Hcn- aue-hn-sb-m-Wm
Rm Xncqmv sN-tm ]cn-l-cn--s-tS Hcp {]iv\-sa
\nev Atlw ]d-p. imntd, Hcp hoSp thW-at- m. Rm Ac-p. GXv hoSns Imcy-am-bn-cnpw ]d-bp-Xv! aWn-q-dp-I apv
am{Xw Xm ]cn-Nb
- s
- km[p-a\
- p-jy aue-hn-bpsS sXm-Spv kplrn-s\-tmsebn-cn-p-p-m-bn-cp-p. At-l-n\v InS-m-S-an-m
{]iv\amWv B ka-bv aue-hnsb Akz-\
- m-n-sm-n-cp-X
- v!
Da aue-hn-sb khn-tij hynXzw!
1999 HSp-hn Rm\pw sF.-Fk
- v.Fw kwm\ {Sj-d AiZv AcotmSpw kp-DuZn Atd-_y-bn t]mIp--Xn\v apmbn aue-hn-bpsS
D]-tZ-i \ntZ-i-pw aue-hn-bpsS ]cn-N-b-m-cmb Nne D-Xmv Rsf ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p Ip-I hmp--Xn\pw Atls kin-p. Atm auehn tcmK-_m-[n-X\
- m-bn-cp-p. ]s,
]qW-hn-{i-a
- n\v Atlw Xm-dm-bn-cp-n-. R-tfmSv Ipsd kwkmcn-p. auehnbpsS {]nb-kp-lr-mb hnip am ld-anse {][m\
Cam-amb ssiJv A_vZpm kp_nen\v Ip Xp. a-bn-sen
ssiJv kp_-ns\ I-tm Atlw BZyw Xnc-n-bXv Da AlvaZv asse-_m-cnsbbm-bn-cp-p. aue-hnv tcmKhpw oW-hp-ap-snepw Atlw Ia-\n-cX
- \
- m-sWv R ]d-p. aue-hnbpsS Iv
ssiJns\ G]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssiJv C_v\p_m-kv -hns
hntbm-Ks ]cm-ain-psImv XpS-p {]kvXpX Iv Ah
aqp-t]p-an-S-bn-ep-m-bn-cp ZrV-amb B-_w shfn-hm-p-Xm-bn-cp-p. Iv hmbn-p-tm ssiJv kp_n Ic-bp-Ibpw

619

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

hnIm-cm-[o-\\m-IpIbpw sNp-Xv I-tm Ah-cpsS lrZ-b_w

R A\p-`-hn--dn-p. auehnbpsS Ip-ambn sN Rsf
Ghpw \ BX-n-Yy-a-cym-Z-tbm-sS- Atlw kzoI-cn-p-Ibpap-mbn.
Ckz-vemlo tIc-f-n\v BZi-]-c-amb BPhw ]I-cp--Xn
Hu]-Nm-cn-I-X-I-fn-msX Xs ]p\nh-ln alm-hy-n-Xz-ns
DSabm-bn-cp-p sI. Da auehn. temI]n-X t- \-Xm-f
- p-ambn kZm
B-_w ]pen-bn-cp auehn ]s, PmU-If
- n-m Ffnb
a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp-p. Fm BZi-nta t]md-tenm {ianp-b
- m F{X D-Xm-bmepw {]Xym-Lm-X
- s
- f-p-dnv Nnn-msX
{]Xn-Ic
- n-p kz`mhw Da aue-hn-bpsS am{Xw khn-ti-jX
- m-bncpp.
CXp aqew sFln-I-amb ]e {]bm-k-fpw Atlw kln-tn
hn-p-v. ]eXpw am\y-Xv \nc-m, A{I-a-kz-`m-h-ap--Xm-bncpp. AXv Atlns ac-Wi
- hsc \op. ]s, Am-lphns
{]oXn am{Xw Imwn-p lrZbs XSp-m Bv Ign-bpw?
acWwhsc B k-hn-ti-j-X-bn Atlw Pohn-p. Ctm aue-hnbpsS Akm-nyw B al-\ob kmn-y-ns alXzhpw hnebpw
\apv Gsd a\-n-em-n--cp-p. Ckz-vemln BZi-ns X\nabpw sXfn-abpw amsX Imp-kq-n-m {]tXyIw ]cn-{i-an-t
Cm-ev B alPohn-X-nse D-z-e-amb A[ym-b-fn \apv ]mT--tf-sd-bp-v. kh-i--\mb Amlp Atlsbpw
\s-bpw Ahs Icp-Wm-I-Sm--m A\p-{K-ln-p-am-dm-I-s.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

9
au-e-hnsb- Hm-p-tmF.-sI.F. eXz-o^v
(sa, tIcf kmlnXy Am-Zan)

Akm-[m-cW hyn-Xz-ns DS-a-bm-bn-cpp sI.-D-a auehn.

B Akm-[m-c-WXzw hnkvabw P\n-n k`--fp-v. Hma-bpsS
Xocv Ime-ns Xnc-am-e-bn amp-t]m-ImsX At-l-hpambp _w \ne-\np-p.
tIc-f-\Zvhp apPm-ln-Zo sImn imJ-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-n
cq]o-I-cn apPm-ln-Zo ]n-t-jkv Iho-\-dmbn Rm {]hn Imew. Ckvemans auenImZi-amb Xulo-Zn-s\-p-dnv ]n.-

620

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

A_vZpJm-Z auehn (Iq) cNn B[n-Im-cnI {K-amb AuloZv ]p\x-{]-kn-o-Ic

- n-m-\mWv BZy-Xo-cp-am\w. Bbncw tImn-bpsS
ASn Bcw-`n-p. hnh-c-a-dn Da auehn klmb hmKvZm-\-hp-amsb-n. Hcp cq] hnev 5000 tImn {]N-cn-n-m ssiJv A_vZpdD
- u^v asse_mcn (a) F Zo\o kvt\ln-bmb DZm-cs klmbw
auehn Rv Fnp Xp. apPm-ln-Zo ]n-t-js {]Ya
{]kn-o-I-cWw {]t_m-[-\- {]-h-\-v Gsd klm-b-Iamwhn[w {]Imi\w sNm Ign-p. kzw \nev ]pkvXIw {]Imi\w sNbvXn-cp auehn kmln_v X\nv hyn-]-c-ambn Hcp-S-a-X-bp-an-m apPmln-Zo ]n-t-jkns Cu kwcw`w hnPI-c-am-m {]Zin-n kPoh Xm]-cy-n-ep Akm-[m-c-WXzw
Fn henb aXn-p-f-hm-n.
Da aue-hnsb Bt]ic- -sImv apdn-s-Spnb A\p-`hn-s ]cn-Wm-aw. Fw.-C.-Fk
- n Rm kPo-ha
- mbn {]hn-p
Imew. sImn imJ-bpsS {]h-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-bn Hm-bn-cpp {]apJ-]-n-X-m-cpsS ]T\ {]kw-K-. BZy-tXv apm-Wn-tcn
tImb-pn auehnbptS-Xm-bn-cp-p. cm-a-tXv kn.F. AlvaZv
auehn-bp-tSXv. aqm-a-tXv Da aue-hnsb Wn-m-\mWv B{Kln-Xv. Fm kn.-F. AlvaZv aue-hn-bpsS {]kwKw Ign-bpS Da auehn kk-_o-en {]Xn-I-cn--tm Fw.-C.-F-kn-s\bpw
hnain-n-cp-p. R t\mokv aptJ\ AXn\v cq-amb adp-]Sn
\In. CXn-s\-Xn-cn aue-hn-bpsS hnizkvXan{Xw B.-F.lwk
amkv t\mo-kn-d-n. AXn\v Fw.-C.-Fkv sImn imJ-bpsS t]cn
adp]Sn t\mokv Xm-dm-n. Ccpt\mo-kp-Ifpw hnX-cWw sNbvXXv
Htc ka-b
- m-bn-cp-p. BsI AsXmcp {]iv\-am-bn. {]tXy-Inv apPmlnZpI-n-S-bn A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xymkw Xe-s]m-n. t\mo-km-sWn aue-hnv t\sc A]w Bt]w sXmSp-p-hn-Sp--Xm-bn-cpp. Av {]K`-\mb sI.-kn. A_q-_
- aue-hn-bm-bn-cpp akvPnZp apPm-ln-Zo Jo_v. Atlw A\p-c-RvP-\-n\v apIs-Spp. Da aue-hn-p-mb at\m-hn-jaw Atlw FtmSv ]d-p.
As\ R Hcpan-p-IqSn. sI.-kn. Cu hnj-b-s-p-dnv
FtmSv kwkm-cn-phm Bh-iy-s-p. Fw.-C.-F-kns\ {]Xn-\n-[oI-cn-m-b-Xp-sImv kwkm-c-n am-t]--bpsS [z\n hcm-Xn-cnm Rm {]tXyIw {in-p. Da auehnv {]tXy-I-ambn at\mhn-jaapm-p Fs-nepw ]cm-ai- t\mo-kn-ep-sv

621

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

tXmn-bn-p-s-n an-W
- s
- av Hu]-Nm-cn-Ia
- mbn Rm ]dp
\nn. ]noSv kwkm-cn-Xv Da aue-hn-bmWv. bqkp^v \_n
Xs ktlm-Z-c--tfmSv ]d Imcyw Jp-B\n \np--cn-psImv KZvK-Z-I-WvT-\mbn Atlw Fs sIn-n-Sn-p. Atlw tXn--c-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. B cwKw F\nv Hcn-epw ad-m Ignbp-Ibn-. AXn\v tijw At-l-ns Pohn-Xm-ywhsc R
Xn bmsXmcp Akzmc-ky-hpw Dm-bn-n-. am{X-a-; B alm-a\p-jy-t\mSv F\nv BZ-chv Gdp-Itb Dm-bn-p-p. Fm FXnpI-sfbpw [oc-ambn t\cn-Sp Icp--\mb Da aue-hn-bpsS \njvI-f- lrZ-b-n\v apn Rm\-S--aph AhnsS tXmhn-b-S-p.
]e-scbpw AIse \nv t\mp-tmgmWv AXoh kp-c-ambn
tXmp--Xv,- kmao]yw B{K-ln-p-Ibpw sNp-w-. Fm ASpv
_-s-Sp-tm AIse \nm aXn-bm-bn-cp-sv tXmpw. Da
auehn t\sc adn-mWv. At-lhpambn ASp-n-S-]-g-Ip-tm-gmWv
CjvSt- a-dp-Xv. B hyn-Xz-ns khn-ti-jX {KlnpXv Atmgm-Wv. BZi--fn hnp-ho-gvNv auehn Xm-d-. A`n-{]m-b-{]-IS-\
- n s]mbvap-Ja
- n-. X\nv ]d-bm-\p-Xv AY-i
-
- n-Sb
- n-msX
Atlw ]dbpw. ap-h
- c
- psS A`n-{]m-b
- X\nv hntbm-Pn-p-Xm-sW-nepw {im-]qhw tIm\p DZm-ck
- l
- n-jvWpX At-ln-\p-m-bn-cp-p. ""hmp-I {in-p-tIp-Ibpw Ah-bn Da-am-bXv kzoI-cn-pIbpw sNph-cs{X _pn-am-m. Ah XsbmWv kmKw {]m]n--hcpw''- F Jp-B hN-\-ns AxkbmWv Da aue-hn-bmWv Dsm-n-cp--Xv. Nn-I-\mb thmb-dpsS hmp-I AXn\v ASn-hc
- bnSp-p. ""\ns A`n-{]mbs Rm
\J-in-Jmw FXnp-p. Fm \ns A`n-{]mbw ]d-bm-\p
kzmX-{n\v thn Rm Fs Poh _en-bnpw''
Bib]c-amb tbmPn-n-\
- p-dv hyn-]c
- a
- mbn kvt\ln-s
- Sm\p AlX Atlw BPn-p. B Al-X-bmWv kwkvImcw.
AXn auehn k--\m-bn-cp-p. Atlw \tmSv Fs-t-pambn bm{X ]d-t- m Ah-km-\a
- mbn B apJ-w Hcp t\mv ImWm tIc-f-ns \m\m-tZ-i--fn \npw ]ms-nb hn ]pcpjmcw At-l-ns kvt\l-k---X-bpsS sXfn-hm-bn-cp-p.
efnXPohn-X
- n\pw Db Nnpw D-tam-Zm-lc
- W
- a
- mbn \psS Iq-n sXmp-Im-Wn-m- Ign-bp Hcp alm-]-n-X\mWv
\s hnp ]ncn--Xv. Amlp Atln\v aKv^ndpw al-a-

622

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

pw \Is Fp {]mYn-p-p. Da aue-hn-bpsS kw`-h-_-lpeamb PohnXw At-l-ns Xs Hma-p-dn-p-I-fn-eqsS e`n-pXv `mhn-X-e-ap-dv {]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cnpw. tIc-f-nse apkvenw
\thm--m\ {]m-\-ns Ncn-{X-`m-K-am-W-Xv. aue-hn-bpsS ZoLIm-es kl-Nm-cnbpw {]`m-jI
- \pw Fgp-p-Im-c\pamb F.F.laoZv
kmln_v kwtbm-P-I-\mbn Xm-dm-n-bn-cp Hma-I-fpsS Xocv
Hcp Ncn-{X-{K--am-Wv.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

10
Da auehn
amXr-`qan Zn\-]-{X-w
(26-02-2000se FUn-tm-dn-b)

efnX Pohn-Xhpw Db Nnbpw sImv P\-lr-Zb

-
- f
- n m\w Dd-n alm-i-b-\m-bn-cpp sI Da aue-hn. tIc-fm-\-Zvh-p
apPm-ln-Zo m]I t\Xm--fn {]ap-J-\mb At-l-ns th]mSv apPm-lnZv {]m-\-n\p am{X-a, ]WvUnX temI-n-\msI
I\ \jvS-am-Wv. {]Xn-Iqe kml-N-cy-sf AXn-Po-hnv apt-dm\p kml-kn-I-Xbpw B-i-nbpw sNdp--n Xs Atlw
ssIh-cn-n-cp-p.B kZvKp-W--fmWv Ffn-b-Np-p-]m-Sn \nv Adnhn-sbpw BZi-n-sbpw B[n-Xy-If
- n-tev At-ls Dbnb-Xv. kvIq hnZym-`ym-k
- n\p Ah-kcw e`n-msX h-tm Atlw kl-]m-Tn-I aptJ\ Acw ]Tn-p. ]noSv At\Iw Kpcp-m-cpsS Iognepw m]-\--fnepw hnZym-`ymkw sNbvsX-nepw sNdp-nse ioe "kzbw ]T\w' Ah-km\ Imew hsc Atlw XpSp. B ]T-\hpw AXp-hgn e`n kwkvIm-c-hp-amWv Ckvem-anI
]WvUn-X, {]t_m-[-I, kvt\l-\n-[n-bmb kplrv, {K-Im-c, ]{X-{]-h-I Fo \ne-I-fn-semw Xnf-m At-l-n\p
klm-b-I-am-b-Xv.
A-hn-izm-k
- pw A\m-Nm-c
- p-sa-Xnsc t]mcm-Sm Da
aue-hnv aSntbm `btam Cm-bn-cp-p. FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS A-Xsb
BZi-ns shfnw sImmWv Atlw t\cn--Xv. FXnp-I-fnepw FXn-c-`n-{]m-b--fnepw Hcn-epw Atlw Ak-ln-jvWp-hm-bncp-n-. FXn-cm-fn-I-tfmSv kwhm-Z--fn-tesv kzm`n-{]mbw kaYn-

623

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

p-X
- n-em-bn-cpp aue-hnp Xm]-cyw. bpn-hm-Zn-It- fmSp t]mepw
Cs\ kwhm-Z
- n-tes-Sm At-l
- n\v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p. Ahncm-a-amb ]T-\-n-eqsS, \nc--c-amb a\-\-n-eqsS Xm Is-nb
t\cmb amKw ]np-S-c-emWv Xs PohnX km^eyw Fp hnizmkn--Xn-\m-emWv, hnai-\--tfbpw `oj-Wn-I-tfbpw \nm-c-amn Xm At-l
- n\p Ign-X
- v. Nn-bp-sSbpw ]mWvUn-Xy-n-sbpw
hnlm-b
- n-tev Dbp-bp t]mIp-tmgpw `uXnI Pohn-X
- nse
emfn-Xyhpw Ffn-abpw ssIhn-Sm-Xn-cn-m At-l
- n\p Ign-p. Hcp
Ia taJ-e-bnepw BZiw _en-I-gn-p-sIm-p hnp-ho-gvNtm
Hp-Xont\m Atlw Xm-dm-bn-cp-n-. Adn-hm-bn-cpp Atlw
Bn [\w; AXv Af-hn-msX A\yv ]Ip-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. B ]WvUn-X-h-tc-Wy\v R-fpsS BZ-cm--en-I.
1

HmaI-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

11
AXp-ey-\mb ]{X-{]-h-I
ae-bmfw \yqkv, kDuZn Atd-_y
(25-02-2000se FUn-tm-dn-b)

ae-bmf ]{X-{]-h\ cwKv Ncn{Xw krjvSn At\Iw hynI-fp-v. AXn Ah-km-\s In-bmWv Cse IYm-ht- i-j\
- mb
sI. Da aue-hn. ]{X-{]-h-\-ns hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn XpSm-cm-hp-Itbm Dz-e-amb {]h\w sImv {]mK`yw sXfn-bnp-Itbm sNbvX I-n hKokp amn-f, kztZ-im-`n-am\n cmaIrjvW]n, hw A_vZp JmZn aue-hn, sI.]n tIihv tat\m,
sI kpIp-am-c, apl-Zv A_vZp-dl
- n-am kmln-_v, kn.-Fv aplZv
tImb XpS-n-b-h-cpsS KW-n Da auehn s]Sp-Xv an-hmdpw
GI-\mbn GXmv aqp Zi-I-Imew Hcp B\p-Im-enI {]kn-oIcWw apS-msX \S-n-sb _lp-a-Xn-bn-em-Wv. ae-bm-f-n Hcmpw km[n-m--Xm-Wn-Xv.
tIcf apkvenw-If
- psS Hcp \qmv ]qn-bm-nb ]{X-{]-hI
]mc--cy-n ]cm-Pbw k-Xnp ]mem-b\w \S-nb {]K`amcpsS ]nI hfsc \o-Xm-Wv. CXn-lmk ]pcp-j-m-cmbno
hw aue-hnbpw apl-Zv Ap-d-lvam kmln_pw sI.Fw koXnkm-ln_pw AXn sSpw. B Hscm ImcWw sImv Xs shfnbtmSv sI. Da auehn H-sp \np-p. acWw hsc Atlw Hcp

624

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Ckvem-anI amknI {]kn-o-I-cn-p. "]cn-ip-hpw \-\n-d--Xp-amb

Acphn' FY-ap kk-_o amkn-I-bpsS {]km-[-I\pw ]{Xm[n-]cpw {][m\ teJ-I\pw 1971--se--t]mse acWw amSn-hn-fn Cse-ht- cbpw Da auehn Xs-bm-bn-cpp. efn-Xhpw ]e-tmgpw {Kmayhp-amb aue-hn-bpsS ssien-bnse I-i-amb `mhw Hcp Imev
Atlw t\XrXzw \In-bncp Ckvemln {]m-\-n-\-Ip
Xs hnai-\-n\v CS-bm-n-sb-Xv At-l-nse ]{X-{]-hIs\ Dbn-Im-p-p.
ae-p-d-n\pw s]cn-a--p-an-S-bnse XncqmSv F {Kman HmSn ]gb hon IpSpw-_-k-taXw Xma-kn-p Da auehn
F im-kp--c-\mb hynsb ASp--dn-bp-tm, Cu hynbn \nmtWm Ccw ISp {]tbm-K- Dm-Ip-Xv Fv
Ap-X-s-p-t]m-Ipw. Bbncw ]q N{-mv k^-e-kmyw
hln-m GXm\pw Nt{m-Z-b- am{Xw Ah-ti-jn-p-tmgpw
]qWm-tcm-Ky-hm-\m-bn-cp Da auehn shfp \o XmSn-tcm-a Xtem-Sns-mv Hcp hnjbw Ah-Xc
- n-n-p-Xv tIn-cn-pXv
Akp-e-`-amb Hcp A\p-`-h-am-bn-cp-p. hmZ-ap-J- In-b-dp
Fgp-p-t]mse Xs kmZ-c-Wo-b-cmb ]WvUn-X-msc t]mepw
t]sc-Spv ]d-v Xn--d-bm At-l-n\v Hcp ktm-N-hp-anm-bn-cp-p. cp-X-hW tIcfm PwC--p De-a-bpsS {]kn-Umbn-cp Da auehn Ah-km\ Imev PwC--p De-a-bntem
\Zvh-p apPm-ln-Zo-\ntem {]hn-n-cp-n-. k-aX kvt\l
kwhm-Z-am-bn-cpp HSp-hn At-l-ns CjvS-hn-j-bw. kk-_oense teJ-\-v ]pdsa Atlw Cu B-h-iy-n-\mbn s]mXp
kt-f\- kwL-Sn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
at-cn-bn \nm-bn-cpp AXns XpS-w. AhnsS ^mZ Aehn-bpsS Iogn a-kp _nimd F {InkvXob anj kPo-hambn {]hn-n-cp Ime-am-bn-cpp AXv. apkvenw-Isf {InkvXp-aX-n-tev Wn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp AXns {][m\ eyw. CXns\
Fs\ t\cn-S-W-sav Btem-Nn-m at-cn-bnse apkvenw t\Xm Hcp tbmKw hnfn-p-Iq-n. Da aue-hn-tbbpw tbmK-n-tev
Wn-n-cp-p. AtXn Da auehn Ign hjw hnh-cn-pXv
Cs\:
"^m. Ae-hn-bpsS m]-\s Ah-K-Wn-pI F-Xm-bn-cpp
tbmK-nse `qcn-]
- m-`n-{]mbw. Rm AXn-t\mSp tbmPn-n-. at-

625

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

cn-bn Xs \mw Hcp tbmKw kwL-Sn-n-p-I. kzw \ne-]mSv hyam-m ^mZ Ae-hn-bpsS kwL-msc Wn-pI; \apv \psS
\ne-]mSpw hy-ammw. Atm P\-v Imcyw a\-n-em-hpw-C-Xm-bn-cpp Fs A`n-{]m-bw. tbmKw B A`n-{]mbw Xn-f
- p.
Ah-km\w Rm Hv Cd-n ]pd-s-p'. ASn-bp-d hnizm-khpw
ALm-X-amb ]mWvUn-Xyhpw If-I-d BmY-Xbpw apS--ap-Xem-bp auehn ]noSv s]cn-a--bpsS ]e e--fnepw
lnp--apkvenw{In-kvXy--bp-n-hmZn hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw kwL-Sn-n-np-v.
Cu X-hm-k\ Da aue-hnv P-kn--am-sWv tXmp-p.
shfn-btmSv Ad- Ipl--Zn-tbpw IS-m-fv ^mn-bptSbpw Fp-a--fn Am-a-\mb Da auehn X\n bmYm-kvXn-Iamb
Npp-]m-Sn-emWv hf-Xv. CS-cw IpSpw_w. shfn-b-tmpw ]noSv
Xm\qcpw ]n Zkp-If
- n aX-hn-Zym-`ym-kw. "]Tn-m thn kvIqfns ]Sn-N-hn-n-bn-n-'DX hnZym-`ymkw t\Snb Fp-a--fpsS ]nXmhmb Da auehn ]d-bpp. Hmp-]-n-bnse ]T-\-n\p tijw
Zkn ]Tn-p-tm bmYm-kvXnI apkven-bm-m Ckvem-ans hn[ns-Xn-cm-bmWv Nne Imcy- A\p-jvTn-p-Xv Fv Da auehnv
kwi-b-am-bn. \a-kvImcn\p tij-ap Iqp-{]mY\, aueqZv XpSn-bh DZm-l-c-Ww. Nne DkvXm-Zp-am-cpsS kzImcy Pohn-Xhpw kwibm-kv]-Z-am-bn-cp-p. kpn--h-lm_n Xw aqn Ime-L--am-bncpp AXv. kpn apkven-bm-m [mcmfw im]-hm-p-I-tfmsS hlm_nIsf Ip-s-Sp-n-sm-n-cp-p. "CXn-s\mcp adp-h-i-ap-m-hp-a-tm.
AsXm-d
- n-bWw'Xm\q-cn ]mn Al-Z- vIpn apkven-bm F
{]ikvX kpn ]WvUn-Xs Iogn ]Tn-p-I-bm-bn-cp Da IcpXn
Xncq-c-mSnbmbn-cpp Av hlm-_n(-C-kvem-ln) {]h-\-ns
tI{w. sI.Fw aue-hn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-n AhnsS Hcp a{Z (\qdp Ckvemw) \S-p-p-m-bn-cp-p. Da Ahn-sS-sbn. hSt ae_m-dn "ZAvh' {]h\w \S-m aue-hn-amv ]cn-io-e\w \Ip-p-m-bn-cpp Atm. B mkp-If
- n Xm\pw ]s-Sp-p. Apap-X-emWv Xm Ckvemln {]m-\-ns `mK-am-b-Xv--D-a auehn
A\p-kva-cn-p-p. \qdp Ckvemw a{Z-km-[ym-]-I\pw tImgn-tmSv
]m-f-]-n-bn Jo-_p-am-bn-cp Da auehn 1955 lv Iw
\nln-m a-s-n-bt- m dnbm-Znse Ipn-b
- p epKXp
Ad-_n--bn hnZymYn-bmbn. AhnsS \mep hjw. _ncp[ ]T\w
]qn-bm-n \mn-tev aS-nb Da auehn ZoL Imew Xncq-c-

626

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

mSn bow-Jm\ at\-Pcpw A[ym-]-I-\p-am-bn-cp-p. ]noSv sImn

am-tcn ]pXn-b]
-
- n-bn Jo-_m-bn-cns 1971-emWv kk-_o
XpS-n-b-Xv.
(N{n-I-bnepw ]noSv ae-bmf at\m-c-a-bnepw AXn\v tijw ae-bmfw \yqkn-epw tkh-\-a-\pjvTn {]kn ]{X-{]-h-I-\mb ]pq apl-Zv kmln_v Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wn-Xv)

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

12
kv-ar-Xn-tc-J-Ishn-S-nse lwk- au-ehn sNdpw apXte Da aue-hn-bpsS
Iqp-Im-c-\mWv(lwk aue-hn-bpsS aI-sf-bmWv sF.-F-kv.Fw. {]knUv knZv apl-Zv imn hnhmlw sNbvXn-p-Xv). lwk auehn
Xncq-c-m-Sn-bn apl-Zv Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS injy-\m-bn-cp-p.
aX{]-t_m-[-\-cw-Kv kPo-h-ambn lwk- au-e-hn-bp-m-bn-cp-p.
JpXz-p-_bpw \Spw. AXn-\n-S-bn kvIqfn Ad-_n A[ym-]-I-\mbn tPmen Inn. kvIqfn Ib-dn-bXp apX Atlw thsdmcp temIm-bX
- p-t]mse. {]t_m-[\cwKw hnp. Ipd-p Imew Ign-p. kvIq
am-dmbn As\ Pohn-p-I-bm-Wv.
Hcp Znhkw kvIqfn-tev Da auehn Ib-dn-h-p. Fhn-sS-sbmstbm At\z-jnv tNmZn--dnv Fn-bXmWv. lwk -au-e-hnsb--p. kwkm-cn-p. B kwkmcw \op.....
AXn\ptijw hopw lwk-au-ehn aX-{]-t_m-[-\-cw-K-tv
Xncnp hp. Da aue-hn-bpambp IqSn-mgvN Xs Pohn-X
- nse
Hcp hgn-n-cn-hmbn Atlw ImWp-p.

Hcn- s]cn-a-bnse Hcp kzImcy \gvknwKv tlman InSp _p-hns\ ImWm Da auehn t]mbn. aKvcn_n\v tijamWv Xncqmv \nv t]mbXv. IjvSnv 6 In.-ao. Zqc-tabpp. t\gvknwKv tlman-sen. tcmKn-sb--p. tcmK-hn-h-c- Bcm-p.
{]mYn-p. aue-hn-tbm-sSmw aI ap_m-dpw sI.-kn. apl--Zp-nbpw Xn lwk (aS A_vZp Akokv aue-hn-bpsS ktlm-Zc)
bpw Dv. s]cn-a Xzco-J-p-Im-cpsS Hcp henb tI{-am-Wv.(Hcp ]s, tIc-f
- nse Xs Ghpw henb tI{w. sslZcm_mZv
\qcnjm Xzco-J-p-Im Jpdm-^n-I-fpsS ]n-ms tImtf-Pn\v \qcn

627

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

tImtfPv Fv t]cn-n-cpp apv. ]nm-ev \qcnm Xzco-J-pambn kakvX

- m sXn. i{Xp-Xb
- n-em-bn). Xz-co-J
- p-Im-cpsS kwm\
kt-f\w \S-p-Ib
- mWv Atm s]cn-abn. Hcp Nmb IpSnm-\mbn SuWnse tlm-en Ib-dn. henb lmfn \ndsb BfpIfp-v. auehn apnepw aqp-t] AI-Snbpambn tlmense hnimeamb lmfn-tev {]th-in-t- XmsS Ccpv Nmb IpSn-n-cp-h
- HSw
Fgp-tv \np! Imen kop-Is-fmpw lmfn ImWm--Xp-sImv
^manen dqan-tev kmh-[m\w \S-p. ^manen dqan-tev Ib-dp-Xp-hsc B P\- \npI Xs sNbvXp! apl-Zpn BsI
Aw hnp. Fp-]n P\-v?! Xzco-Jv kt-f\w \S-p-Ibm-Wtm, kt-f\
-
- n\v h GtXm ssiJmWv apco-Z
- m-cpsS IqsS
tlm-en Ib-dn-b-sXv [cn-p-t]m-b-Xm-Wv! AXp-sImv BZcthmsS Fgp-tv \np-shv am{Xw! Fgp-tnns-n Ipcp--tSv
]n-bmtem?! Nmb hp. Xnm-s\-mWv th-sXv tNmZn-p. auehn
tNmZn-p. "]gws]mcn-bptm?' Dv Fv k-b. lwk-tbm atm
tNmZn-p. "AsX-mWv aue-hnv ]gws]mcn-tbmSv C{X CjvSw' auehn ]pn-cn-tbmsS ]d-p. "AXn-\p-n ]g-ap-Xv Xs'!

tIc-f-n Ckz-vemln{]-m\w kwL-Sn-X-ambn {]h-\-amcw-`n-Xv sImSp-

- q-cn-emWv. sI.-Fw. aue-hn-bpsS {]hm-kI
- m-eL
- w.
hw aue-hn-bpambp _w. koXnkmln-_ns IpSpw_w. \njv]-kwLambmWv XpS-w. AXv tIc-f-apkvenw sFIy-kw-L-ambn
hfv ]Sv ]-en-p. cmw hmjnI kt-f\w 1924 Beph-bn tN-tm-gmWv tIcf PwC-
- p Deav cq]w sImSp-Xv.
Fmw ae-_m el-fv tijw. kqcy-\k
- vXa
- n-m {_nojv km{amPy-ns Al-m-c-ns Ipn-tcmaw ]nSnp IpS- Ime-Lambn-cpp ae-_m el-f. \ndtXmn\v apn hncn-amdv Imnb Hcp
P\-X. ]cy-h-km\w Zpc--am-sW--dn-npw hSnbpw hmcn-p-hpambn sh--m-fs FXn-cn-p. Bbn-c- c-km-n-I-fmbn. Bbnc- Pbn-en-e-S--s-p. At\-I \mSp-I-S--s-p. ae-_m-dnse
amnf kap-Zm-b-n-t\ hZp-cw. GXv Zpc--n\pw Hcp hgn-ncn-hp-mIpw. tIcf apkvenwI-fpsS \thm-m-\-n\v kam-cw`w Ipdnp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
sFIykwLw sImSp--q-cn am-n\v Xncn-sIm-fp-n. cp
Zi-I
- p tijw aX-cm-jv{So-bm B cwKw ]nSn-S- n. sImSp-

628

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

q-cn Pam-As Ckveman-bpsS amXrIm alv hsc \ne-hnhp.

1968 Bbn-cn--Ww, Da auehn sImSp--q-cn-se-n. Fdn-bmSv
t]_-km-dn {]kw-Kn-p-p-sh t\mo-kn-d-n. apPm-lnZpw PamAs Ckvemanbpw henb hyXym-k-an FmWv Am-ev s]mXp-sh-bp [mc-W. auehn XuloZv hni-Zo-Ic
- nv {]kw-Kn-p. Ir{Xna
XuloZpw bYmY- Xu-loZpw hy-am-n-sm-p {]`m-jWw
henb Ne-\-ap-m-n. auZq-Zn-b Xulo-Zns A]-ISw hfsc hepXm-sWv hy-am-b-tXmsS FXnpw XpS-n. hfp hcp \ncoiz-c\
- naX {]m-\
- s
- fbpw lnn-ksbpw FXnm \apsmn-m-sav ]dpsImv Hcp Pam-Av ]n-X Ad-_n-bnsemcp Iv aue-hnv \In. C_m-Zv ]dv P\-sf `nn-n-cpXv
FmWv D]-tZiw.
auehn \mbn adp-]Sn ]d-p. Hcp Pam-Av t\Xmhv "hgn-amdn-cq' F t]cn Hcp ]pkvXIw Xs Cdn. henb Hcp IemWv ]pdw N-bn. Pam-As Ckveman F henb {]m-\-n\pap-n sNdnb XS--fpw FXnp-ambn hc-cp-sX-m-Wv ]pkvX-Ins BsI-p-I. auehn adp-]-Sn-bmbn "hgn-am-dn--cqe',- F
Xe-s-n t\mo-kn-d-n. Ckvemans BZi--fn Bcv Iqntmepw AXn-s\-Xnsc ]S-s]m-cp-Xp-sapw BfpsS hen-tam
Bm-cpsS s]cp-tam hne-sh-p-I-bn-spw henb BfmWv ]d-sXn henb Ipm-b-antms Fpw A[nIw Bfp-I-fp-sn A[nIw tdj hmn-sm--s-sbpw auehn Xpd--Sn-p.
FS-h Aehn auehn, sI.-kn. A_q-_- auehn XpS-n-b-hcpw
XpSv Fdn-bmv {]kw-Kn-p.
Pam-As Ckveman-bpsS tIm-bn AtXmsS hn-ep-m-bn.
Ckz-vemlo-{]-m-\
- n \nv Pam-A
- n tNt-dnb ]ecpw Xncnp-h-p. Aq--n {]ap-J-\mWv C.-sI. C_vdmlowIp-n- aue-hn.
C_m-Z-ns AYw auehn hni-Zo-I-cn--XmWv icn-sbpw PamAp-ImcpsS AY-hym-Jym-\- sXm-sWpw X\nv t_m[y-s-Xmbn C_vdmlowIpn auehn Da aue-hnsb t\cn Iv [cn-np. ASn-at- he, A\p-k-cWw FnhIqSn Xulo-Zn Ds-Spnb
PamA-ns ]p hymJym\w ]pXn-bXpw Ckvemans s]mfns-gp-m-sWpw ]cn-tim-[-\bn hy-am-b-Xmbn C.-sI. ]d-p.
AtXmsS Atlw Ckz-vemlo {]m-\-ns ap-Wn--S-bm-fn-bmhp-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p. sImSp-
- q-cn hopw Ckz-vemln {]h\w kPo-

629

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

h-am-bn. Da auehn \nc--c-ambn Ago-tmSpw Fdn-bmSpw t]_-kmdnepw sImSp-

- q-cns ap {]tZ-i
- f
- nepw {]`m-jW
-
- n-\mbn Fn.
aXn-e-Iv Hcp Pmd-ap-v. _mpn apkvenbm-cpsS Pmdw. AXn-\-Spv
auehn Hcn- {]kw-Kn-p-tm Pmd-n t\-bn-Sp-Xv auehn-bpsS {i-bn s]p. aue-hn kzX-kn--amb `mj-bn hnai-\ Agnphnp. t\cnp B ISp hnai-\-n\v Fv {]XnIc-Wa
- m-Wp-m-hpI F Bi {]h-Ip-mbn. ]s, Hpw
kw`-hn-n-.
Am-ev Hcp hynbpambn _-s-p. Da aue-hn-bpsS JpB ]cn-`m-j-bn-eqsS auehnsb Adn Hcp \mhnI DtZym-K-.
Fw.-Fw. apl-Zv. _mhp Fv hnfn-pw. B _w kpZrV-ambn.
Xm sImSnb apivcnm-bn-cp-p-shpw Xs Zo lbm-m-n-bXv
(aXw Pohn-n-m Imc-Wa
- m-bXv) Da aue-hn-bm-sWpw Xs aplvbp--o ssiJv (Zo Pohn-nbm) Da aue-hn-bm-sWpw _mhp
X-am-i-bm-bn- ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp-p.
sImSp--q-cnse amS-h\ Pam-A-ns amXr-Im-a-l-mbn-cp-p.
aW-mv Ippapl-Zv lmPn (sFIy-kw-L-ns m]-I-cn-semcm) hJv^v sNbvX e-mWv amS-h\ ]n. AXns ]cn-kcv
aX-{]-`m-j-W-n\v Cq- A\p-h-Zn-n-. Da aue-hnsb amS-h-\bn Imep-Ipm A\p-hZ- n-n-sv Ah hon-f
- n. Da auehn,
Sn.-sI. aplvbn-o Da-cn, kn.-F. apl-Zv auehn, kn.-]n. Da kpan
XpS-n-b-h XpS-bmbn HcmgvN {]kw-Kn-p. HSp-hn-es Znhkw
Pam-As Ckveman-bpsS X\n-\ndw shfn-s-Spnsmv C.-sI.C_vdmlnw Ipn auehnbpw F.-F. laoZv sImnbpw {]kw-Kn-p.
A[nIw sshImsX Pam-As Ckveman-bpsS amXr-Im-a-l-v \mamh-ti-j-ambn.

kplbv- Np-d im-]pcw Ckvemanm tImtf-Pn ]Tn-p

Imew. A^vfep Dea t]mep km ]co--I _ln-jvIcnn-cp Pam-Av ]cnio-e-\-am-W-v. Fmw XzmKqns ]co-Ifm-bn-cp-p. kplbv- tImtf-Pn-e-dn-bmsX F{Skv ]co--sb-gpXn.
{]nkn-m ]co--s-Xnsc ]n-bn shv kp_vlnv tijw
kwkm-cn-t- m ]Xps im-]pcw hnp. ta-bq-cnepw ]noSv Acotmpw ]T\w ]qn-bm-n. Pam-Av Bi-b- Xe-bn \nv
Hgn-hm-bn-cp-n-. ]me-mv Pn-bn kvIqfn tPmenv tN-tm

630

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

]dfn Ad-_n-tm-tfPnem-bn-cpp _w. Kpcp-\m-Y koXn auehnbpsS dqan shv ^pJm 43mw Bb-ns hni-Zo-I-cWw ]Tnp.
tZtl-sb B-cm-[y-\-m-n-b-h-s\ {]kvXm-h-\v Pam-ApIm
]d-bm-dp-Xv tZtl ssZh-amWv F-s{X. ""Pmln-enm Imev
Nne \ Itm, _nw_tam Im AXns\ ]qPnpw. ]noSv thsd
Ip Im AXns\ ]qPn-pw.'' CXmWv Bb-ns Ah-X-cW
ImcWw. Atm tZtl-b, Bcm-[y; ImWv. tZtl-sb A\pk-cnv Cem-lns\ Dm-p-p-sh-Yw. Inm-hp X^vkodp-Isfms ]c-Xn. 1979 emWnXv. t\mp-Is
- f-gp-Xn-sb-Sp-p. Ccp-]
- n-\m-temfw
X^vkodp-I t\mn ]Tn-p. Imcy- t_m[y-s-p. Pam-Ans
hmZ- s]m-bm-sWv a\-n-embn. im-]pcw {]nkn-m-fm-bncp F.-sI. A_vZpJm-Zn aue-hnsb at-cn-bn shv Ip. hniZ-ambn N-sN-bvXp. tNmZy-v IrXy-amb adp-]Sn Inn-bn-. PamAv hnSp-I-bm-sWv Xpdp ]dp.
Pam-As Ckvemansb \nin-X-ambn hnain-p Da aue-hnsb ImWm t]mbn. C_vdmlow Ad-e
- ns (aue-hn-bpsS tPjvTs
aI) IqsS-bmWv t]mb-Xv. `oI-c-cq-]n-bmb Hcp Pam-Av hntcm-[nbpsS cq]-amWv a\-n-ep-m-bn-cp-X
- v. aue-hnsb Ip. Dujvaf
- amb
hn\bw \nd kzoI-c-Ww. I-tm, kwkm-cn--tm emfn-Xynsbpw Ffn-a-bp-sSbpw ka-\zbw.
kk-_o-ens kl-]-{Xm-[n-]-cmbn kplbv- Np-d Npa-X-etb-p. Aco-tmv Hm^okv Xpd-p. ]noSv ]pfn-t- ev amn. Xmakw
aue-hn-bpsS hon "Zmdp ^\m' bn. hoSns A]vsb-dn-tev
tImWn-bp-m-n. ]noSv \nc--c-amb {]kwKbm{X-I aue-hn-tbmsSmw. kk_o Djmdmn. F.-hn. kI-cn--bpsS "auZq-Zn-b
Atm-{In^-I' Am-e-mWv {]kn-o-I-cn--Xv.
Pn-bn-em-bn-cp C_vdmlow Ad- eohn\v \mn-se-n. Hcn
]pfn- hp. kabw sshIn. _kv Inm hnjaamhpsav Iv
Xncqmtv kqlbv
- kvIq-dn sImp-t]m-Im-sa-t-p. `Ww
Ign-ts Fv aue-hn-bpsS `mcy tNmZn-p. "AXp-th, aSn
hnv Ign-tmfmw' Fv kplbv- ]d-p. Xncqmv t]mbn. C_vdmlo-ans\ hon-emn. kplbv- aSn hp. Zmdp ^\m-bn-se-n.
ssKpw Xpdv, ssepanv `-W-sa-Spv shv auehnbpw `mcybpw
Imn-cn-p-Xv Iv ApXs kplbv- AsXmpw {]Xo-nncp-n-. aue-hnbpw `mcybpw A{Xbpw t\cw Imn-cn-p-Ib
- m-bn-cpp!

631

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

kplbv-dns {]Ya hnhmlw 1984embn-cp-p. aue-hn-bmWv JpXz-p_. tImUvsekv ssamWv. JpXz-p-_-n-S-bn apdn hb Ip.
tImUvse-kn\v Av sNdnb hb-dp-m-bn-cp-p. hb apdnp t]mbXm-sWpw i_vZw tIp-n-spw IcpXn, {]kwKw A]-t\cw
CS-ap-dn-p. kwKXn a\-n-em-bt- m XpSp. ^Xvlp_mcnbmWv
al. ]noSv C-c
- n-ep hnhm-ls A`n-\
- n-p-sImv auehn
Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
1984 auehn ln\p t]mb-tm auehn ssiJv C_v\p_mkn\pw apw Ip \In-bn-cp-p. ssiJns\ I-tm e`n
kvt\lw hfsc hep-Xm-bn-cp-p! aue-hnv A{X henb m\-amWv
Ah \In-bn-cp-Xv!
aue-hnbpw kplbv-dpw B hjw Xs J-dn-sen. 23 Znhkw
\op \n J\a\ {]kw-K
- . Pam-As Ckveman-bpsS
tIm-bn-eqsS \S-nb Hcp tXtcm--am-bn-cpp AXv. t\cnb tXmXn
XpSn sh J-dnse Ckz-e
v mln {]h\w bu-\
- n-senbXv
B bm{X-bn-eq-sS-bm-bn-cp-p. Pam-A-p-Im-cpsS tIm]hpw shdppw
ImtW-Xp Xs-bm-bn-cp-p. Cu J\a\ {]`m-j-Wsfpdnv "{]t_m-[-\'-n teJ\w DSs\ hp. "IS IS-snb
PnlmZv' F t]cn.
J-dnse PUvPn-bm-bn-cp ssiJv C_v\p lP Bep _-pXzman-bpsS ASp kvt\ln-X-\m-bn-cpp Da auehn. tImSXn \Sptm Atlw aue-hn-sbbpw kplbv-dn-s\bpw tN-dn-\-Sp-ncp-n. No^v Pnkpw CkvemanI A^-tbgvkv sNbam-\p-am-bn-cp
ssiJv A_v-Zpmln_v\p sskZv Bep alv-a-qZv F A-\mb
alm-]-n-X-s-bpw kvt\lhpw BYn-Xyhpw Ccp-hpw Inn.
aue-hn-bpsS kplrZv hebw hfsc hn]p-e-am-bn-cp-p. kpn-Ifpw
Pam-ApImcpw aX-hn-tcm-[n-Ifpw \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Ifpsamw Ah-cn
s]Spw. ISp BZi-ssh-cpyw ]c-ky-ambn {]I-Sn-n-p-sa-nepw
Fm-h-cp-ambpw hyn-_w m]n-m aue-hnv km[n-n-cp-p.
AsXm-cp ta\n-\S- ntem Im]-Sytam A`n-\b
- tam Bbn-cp-n-. ]ecpambpw Bg-ta-dnb hyn-_apm-bn-cp-p. i{Xpthm an{Xtam \njv]t\m shdpw ]cn-Nb
-
- m-ct\m BI-s, Gh\pw Icp-XpI aue-hnbpsS
Ghpw ASp Iqp-Im-c Xm\mWv F-s{X.
Hcp apPm-lnZv kt-f\
-
- n\v auem\m A_pl-k Aen \Zvhnsb Wn-m aue-hnbpw kp-lbvd
- pw t]mbn. Zln hgn-bmWv t]mb-

632

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Xv. Alvse lZo-kns t\Xm-s

- fbpw kplr-p-s
- fbpw B bm{Xbn kin-p. auehn ]e {]kw-K--fnepw DWp Hcp
hoSns t]cp-v. "Aaokv temUvPv'. temUvP; AXv hoSm-Wv. Zp\nbm-hn{Xsbm-stbbpp. "Zmdp ^\m' Fv kzw hoSn\v t]cnSm
ImcWw CXm-Wv. B Aaokv temUvPv B bm{X-bn aue-hn-sbmsSmw kplbv- Ip. dmbv_td-entev hnfn-t- m \Zvhn kmln_v
e-ns-dn-p. \mep Znh-ks bm{X hn^-e-am-sbv tXmm-hp k`w. Fm aue-hn-bpsS apJv \ncm-ib
- psStbm ZpxJn-stbm Hcp \ng]mSv t]mepw In-. "Xh-p-ens alna!
Pam-A
- mbn \a-kvImcw Ign-m Xncn-n-cpv msk-Sp-pI
At-l-ns ncw kz`m-h-am-bn-cp-p.

sI.-kn. apl-Zv auehn(amd-tcn)bpsS aI apl-Zv \Po_v

F-gp-Xp-p-:- Rm- Hman-p-Xv F-\nv Da auehn X Hcp km\-hp-ambn _-s-m-Wv. tImln-\q CkvemanIv pU v tlman
shmWv BZy-ambn aue-hn-sb-m-Wp--Xv. Hm^okv apdn-bn Inen Hcp hncnv t]mep-an-msX ssIew Xe-bn-W-bmn im-\mbn Dd-p cq]w. Ap Xs Da auehn hnfnp hcpn ]cn-Nb-s-p. \Po_ns mkn- BcmWv Hm-a Fv tNmZn-p. Rm
Xs F adp-]Sn tI-tm ASp {]mhiyw hcp-tm Hcp
km\w Xcm-sav auehn ]d-p. amk-v tijw auehn hp.
hntZ-i-\nan-Xamb Hcp jo^ t]\ km-\-ambn Xp.
F-s- kz-tZ-i-am-b- Fc-aw-K-ev auehn {]kw-Kn--W-sav Hne-[nIw XhW B{K-lw {]I-Sn-n-p. A-s\-bmWv Fc-aw-K-ev
BZy-ambn A--c-n-sem-cp- {]`m-jWw \S-p--Xv. ap-Nn-e {]`mj-Icpw aue-hnbpw {]kw-Kn-p. DS Xs Jpdm-^n-I-fpsS {]Xn-IcWap-mbn. C_v\p tImp-ae
- bpw apkvX^ ss^knbpamWv {]kwKn-X
- v. JnZva
- p Ckvemw kwLw F Xm-ImenI I-n-bpsS
t]cn-emWv ]cn-]mSn kwL-Sn-n-Xv. kn._n.-sF-bn DtZym-K--\mbn-cp A_q-_- kmln_v Av Fd-Wm-Ip-f-mWv. Fc-aw-KepImc\pw BZi-_-p-hp-amWv Atlw. At-ls hnh-c-adn-bn-p. Da auehn hntZ-i-m-sW-p hnh-chpw Inn. cmw
Znh-kw apkvX-^ ss^kn-bpsS {]kwKw tIp-sImv Am-Sn-bn \np-tm _ hp tNmZnp: "BcmWv B hcp-s
- Xv
t\mv?' t\mp-tm Da aue-hn-bm-Wv. A`p-Xs
- p t]mbn. Xte-

633

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

v hntZ-iv \np-sa-n-bX
- mWv. Bep-hb
- n Hcp Ieym-W
- n ]psIm-p. AhnsS shmWv Jpdm-^n-I-fpsS adp-]Sn {]kw-K-ap-s-dn--Xv. AXv t\cnp tI-Wsa-v- -]dv t\sc FcawK-e-tv h-Xm-Wv.
auehn kZ-n Xs Ccpv ss^kn-bpsS {]kwKw tIp. Da
aue-hnsb A[n-t-]np sImv ]eXpw ss^kn ]d-bp-p-v. auehn kZ-n-ep-Xv ss^kn--dn-bn-. Xs Zkn tNm InX-mt_m-Xn sImSp-m-sav hop ]d-bp-Xpw tIp. hnj-bk
- w-_
- a
- mbn
Jp-B HmXn Zphym-Jym-\nv Nne-sXmsd-p. Xdm-ho-lns
hnj-b-n aue-hn-bpsS t]cn kpn-I {]N-cn-np h Iw
ss^knbpw Bhn-p. auehn Atm-`y-\mbn Fmw tIn-cn-pIbm-Wv. CSv Nne-sXmw Ipdn-s-Sp-p-p-ap-v. {]kwKw Ah-km\nnv kZv ]ncn-bm Fgp-t-t- m auehn ]d-p: ""F\n-ntm
Xs adp-]Sn ]d-m Xc-t-Sn-s-p-v. Fp thW-sav \n ]d-bn.'' Fp sN-Ws
- av Rfpw inv \np. auehn ]dp. ""Fm kp_vlnv tijw \apv IqSn-bn-cnmw. Atm
Rm Fs Xocp-am\w ]dbmw''
kZv hnv _-bpsS tPjvT sambvXp-n-bpsS hon-tev
\S-p-I-bm-Wv. sskn-fn h \m-p-Im-c-\mb Hcp apkvenbm-cp-n
aue-hn-tbmSv tNmZn-p.
"\obmtWm shfn-b-tms Da?'
AsX, Rm shfn-b-tmpIm-c-\m-Wv.
Akp-J-sams amdntbm?
F-kp-Jw.
"sRc-p-tcmKw?'
AXn\v au\-ambncpp adp-]-Sn. ""\n\-sm thXv?'' Fv tNmZnp _ Hp aptm-m-t- m apkven-bm thK-n sskn-tfm-Snv ew hnp.
kp_vlnv tijw IqSn-bn-cp-t- m t\mo-kS- n-m-\p hmNIw
auehn ]dp Xp. ""Cse kpn apkvenbm Fc-aw-Ke
- v \Snb {]kwKw Rm tIp. AXn Jp-B Bb-p-It- fmXn ZphymJym-\w \S-p-Ibpw P\-sf sXn--cn-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p.
AXns kXym-h hni-Zo-I-cnv Cv cm{Xn Rm Fc-aw-K-ev
{]kw-Kn-p-X
- mWv.'' Fv kzw t]cn-ep t\mokv. (Av AhnsS
apPm-lnZv I-n-I-sfmpw \ne-hn-en). D-tbmsS t\mokv A-Sn-

634

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

nv Fc-aw-Ke
- pw ]cn-kc
-
- f
- nepw hnX-cWw sNbvXp. A-Xn-\p- ]pdsa
hml-\-n ssav A\ukvsapw. Xte-s {]kwKw tIm h kpn-I \ ]pw Apw hp. kao-]{- ]-tZ-iv \nv
apPm-ln-Zp-Ifpw. \ kZv. Zphym-Jym-\n--s Bb-p-I-fpsS
bYmY hnh sXfnhv klnXw hni-Zo-Ic
- n-p. ""hyn-]c
- a
- mb A[nt]-smpw Rm- adp-]Sn ]d-bp-n-. Fm Hcp Bt]w
F\nv henb Hcp at\m-th-Z\bpm-n-bn-p-v. aZo-\s Da Xdmholv 23 Bn-sb-n shfn-b-tms Da CXm Fm-ppshv
Rm ]dp-sh I-hm-m-W-Xv. Ime--fmbn CXv {]N-cn-np-p-v. Rm\-s\ ]d-n-n-. am{X-a-, Dadp^m-dqJv t\mSv
Fs Xpeys-Spnd-bm X hnUvVnw F\n-n-. Cmcyn-ep Fs ]cmXn Rm dns tImS-Xnbn kan-p-p.
AX-hnsSshv Xom-mw.'' F{X am\yhpw DNn-Xh
- p-amb {]Xn-Ic
- Ww!
]cn-lmkn\v ]Icw ]cn-lm-kan-. Zphym-Jym-\- Nqn-mWn Iq-n "Cu apkvenbm C_veokns Z-k-n-emtWm HmXn-Tn-Xv Fp am{Xw tNmZn-p. C_veokns t{]c-Wv hgnbmWtm Cu Zp-hym-Jym\w. {]kw-K-n ]d hnj-b- eLp-teJ-bmbn A-Snv Fc-aw-K-ev hnX-cWw sNp-sapw adp-]Sn FgpXn--m {]kn-o-I-cn-m-sapw ]d-mWv {]`m-j-Ww Ah-km\n-n--Xv.
amk-v tijw Fd-Wm-Ip-fv sF.-F-kv.Fns t\Xr-Xzn apPm-lnZv bph-P-\ -kw-m\kt-f-\-n shv \Po-_ns\
Itm ]pt--Sn-bn s\mhot\m _mhp--bpsS hon sNm
]d-p. ta ]d eLp-teJ A-Snv Xm-dm-n shn-cn-p-p.
\mn hnX-cWw sNbvXm aXn. "JnZvap Ckvemw kwL'ns
{]kn-Un\pw sk{I--dnpw Hmtcm tImn hnem-k-sa-gpXn auehn
G]n--Xm-sWv ]dv t\cn-tn-m \ntZ-in-ncp-p.
As\ sNbvsX-nepw Ah-cpsS `mKv \nv {]Xn-I-cWsampap-m-bn-. (As kwLw sk{I-dn Ctm apPm-lnZv ]n-bnemWv Ppap-Av hcp-Xv.)
]noSv Fc-aw-K-ev _ hJv-^v sNbvX ev akvPnZpulo-Zn\v Xd-
- n-Xpw XpSv BZys sI.-F
- .Fw bqWnv cq]oI-cWtbmK-n\v t\XrXzw \In-bXpw auehn Xs-bm-bn-cpp. P
{- Km-a-amb shfn-b-tmpw kao]{]tZ-i-amb Abn-cq-cnepw t\c-sX-s At-l
- ns {ia^e-ambn ]n-I m]n-s
- -ncp-p. ]no
Sv Hcn- ]p]n Pmd-n\v apnepw {]kw-Kn-tXmpp.

635

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Fc-aw-K-ev \psS ]n XpS-n-b-tm, R Xosc {]Xon-m A]w {]mbw sN km[m-c-W-m-c-\mb Hcm PpapAv hcm XpS-n. AXn-\p t{]c-W-sb-p-dnv Atlw ]dXn--s\:- Bh-Xp Imev Be-pg t]mn Npa-p-sXm-gn-em-fnbm-bn-cpp. Am-ev Da auehn AhnsS hp msk-Sp-m-dpv.
Nne-Xn-sems Rm ]s-Sp-n-p-v. ApapX Cu Bibw Dnep-v.
aqp-Xe-bn Hcp ]cn-]m-Snv app kwkmcat[y aue-hn-bpsS
Hcp kvt\ln-X auZqZn kmln-_ns t]cn-s\mw eAv\v ]dp.
DSs\ Atlw KpW-tZm-jn-p. ""\n Ctm ]d hmv hfsc
Kuc-ha
- p-X
- m-Wv. \n-fXv ]nh-en-Ww. Bi-b
- n sXp Im ]d-b \psS _m[y-X-bmWv. BfpI-fp-sS Imcy-n hn[n ]dbm \s G]n-n-n.- \ap-Xn\v A[n-Im-c-hp-an-''. BZihyXnbm\-t- fm-Sp hnai-\
- n hnp-ho-gvNb
- n-s-Xv t]mse Xs
AXncp Ihn-b-ens\ AwKo-I-cn-m-dpan-s-Yw.
IpwIpfv shv \S sF.-F-kv.Fw kt-f-\-n-s\m-cp-anmWv t]mb-Xv. kZ-n-en-cp Hcp {]apJhyn aue-hnsb kao-]nv am\y-a
- m cq]-n A[n-t-]nv kwkm-cn-Xpw Atlw Hpw
{]Xn-I-cn-msX au\w ]menXpw Ip \n Nne ]dp ]noSmWv Rm\-dn-Xv. auehn henb tZjym-c-\mWv FmWv Rm
tIn-p-Xv. Ctm-gs Cu a Inv F\n-
- pXw tXmp-p
Fp ]d kvt\ln-X\v Innb adp-]-Sn-bmWv AXn-tesd AXnib-I-cw. tIm]n--cp-sX- Amlp ]d-X; tIm]w HXp--Wsa-m-Wv. AXmWv Rm sNbvX-Xv. kam-]\ kt-f-\-n auehn
lpssk aS-hq- \S-nb {]kw-K
- n XuloZo{]m\w, XuloZo BZiw, XuloZo {]t_m-[\w XpSn-b ]cmai \ndp
\nn-cp-p. aS-p-tm Rm kqNn-np, Cv lpssk aue-hnbpsS {]kwKw AXyw Xulo-Zoa-b-amW-tm. Hmtlm, Fm-Wv
Xulo-sZv ]dtm? B adp-]Sn Fs Gsd Nnn-n-p. XuloZv
FmWv, F, Fp ]d-bm-\m-Wtm _{]Xn--\mb B
{]t_m-[-I- Fpw Gsd ipjvImn ImWn-Xv. AXns apKW-\sb sNmn-bmWv {]m-\-n-\-Iphsc KpW-tZm-jn-m
{ian-X
- v. Ah-km-\\
- m-fp-If
- n hon hn{i-a
- n-em-bn-cns Hcn-
FtmSv tNmZn-p.
""a\x-kmn F hmn\v FmWv AYw?!''-

636

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

""\psS Dn-ep kzbwt_m[y-s-p-dnmWv As\ ]dbmdp--Xv'-' Rm ]d-p.

""icn, ZrIvkm-n-sb-m ZrjvSn-bn Iv kmyw hln-pI,
Atm a\x-km-n-sb-m a\-d
- nv kmysSp-n-bXv Fv
]d-bm ]ns?''
""]d-bm-sa-mWv tXmp--Xv''- Rm ]d-p.
Ah-km-\-ew kk-_o Cd-p--Xn\v A]w apmWXv.
AXn h a\x-kmn F teJ\w XpS-pXv Cu \nh-N\w
sImm-Wv. B teJ\w At-l-n-t-X-spw amtcm At-lns t]cn Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-sWpsams Nne X]-c-I-n-I {]Ncn-n-p-Xv tIp-tm Cmcyw Hmm-sX h.
Ay-tm-S-Sp-p-tm Atlw Ia-\n-c-X-\m-bn-cp-p. sXmb
apK-W-\-I-fp-sSbpw hywK-amb hyXn-bm-\--fpsSbpw A]-ISw
apIqn IpsImv ap-dn-bnv \Ip-X
- n Atlw ]penb
Pm{KX kvt\lm-Z-c--tfmsS am{Xta BZi-kvt\-ln-I-\p-kvacn-m-\m-hq.

Ckvemlo{]m-\-n `nnv ]pdtv h k`w.

]ecpw ]d-p. "Cu Ah-k-c-n Da auehn Dm-bn-cp-p-shn.....' i-amb Xs \ne-]m-SpIfneqsS auehn Znim-t_m[w IrXyambn \Ip-am-bn-cp-p-sh-msW-h ]d-bp--Xv!
kwL-S\
- bpsS Xe-p-hc
- n \nv `nn-ns {]Xn-Ic
- W
-
]pdph-p-sIm-n-c-p k`-am-bncpp AXv-. km[m-c-W-mcmb {]h-I-cn-te-s-n-bn-n-. "{]t_m-[-\-hn-P-b-n\v s]mXpXm]-cy-ta-Je Is--W'--sa i_m-_ns apJ-{]-kw-Ks
Jn-p-sImv "Ghpw {][m\w' F Xe-s-n teJ\w Xmdmn-smSp---b-p. 1999 G{]n 23 \mWv i_m-_n {]kvXpX
FUn-tm-dn-b {]kn-o-I-cn--Xv.
{]t_m-[-I\pw {]t_m-[n-X\pw s]mXp-Xm]-cy-ap Hcp hnjbw
Isn AXn N \S-n-bn-p-m-Ip- kulr-Z
- n-eqsS ]mew
]WnXv {]t_m-[\w \S--sa-m-Wv AXn-se-gp-Xn-b-Xv. thZm-sc
Xulo-Zn-tev Wn-p Bep Cwdm-\nse 64mw Bb-n\v \mfn-Xp-hsc tIm Hcp ]pXnb hymJym-\hpw \In-bn-cpp. (PwC-p Dea)- \S-nb ZoL-amb Nbn Cu ]pXnb hymJym\w

637

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

\ncp-]m-[n-Ia
- mbn ]nh-en-p.) J-\a
-
\
-
- f
- n \nv ap-amb
ssien-bn XuloZo {]t_m-[\w ]p\-cm-Jym-\n--W-sav 1993 se
sF.-F-kv.Fw \b-tc-J-bn ]d-n-cp-p. kap-Zmb sFIyw AXoh
{]m[m-\y-aln-p--Xm-sWpw AXn hy-am--n-bn-cp-p.
i_m-_nse apJ-{]-kw-Ks Jn-p-sIm-v auehn DSs\-s teJ\w Xm-dmn sImSp--b-p. AXh {]kn-o-I-cn-n-.
G{]nepw sabpw Ign-p. PqWpw Pqembpw Ign-s-nepw teJ\w
sImSp-n-. Xncn--b-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-. ]e-tcmSpw ]d--b-p.
HSp-hn aSn Ab-m-\m-hm-iy-amb mv Ih-dn-env Abv sImSpp. BKv BZy-hm-c-n teJ\w XncnpInn. (kk-_o-en\v
kz-ambn {]p-m-bn-cp-p. CS-m-ev {]kn-o-I-cWw \nnsh ka-bv {]pw km[-\k
- m-a{- Kn-Ifpw sF.-Fk
- .v Fw.-\v \In. sI.hn. a- qkm kp-an-bmWv Gp hmnbXv. Aco-tmSv kp-ap-emw Ad_n-tm-tf-Pn-t\m-S-\p-_-np sIn-S-nemWv {]-v m]n-Xv.)
BK-nse kk-_oen "Ghpw {][m\w' F teJ\w {]kno-I-cn-p. i_m-_n-te--b teJ-\-am-Wn-sXpw Ah {]kn-oI-cn-msX ]e-Xh
- W Bh-iy-sv HSp-hn Xncn-b
-
- X
- m-sWpw apw
hy-am-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fmamkhpw 20mw Xo-Xn-bmWv kk_o ]pd-n-d-p-I. kk-_o-ens tPmen-m-cn i_m-_p-ambn
_-ap-m-bn-cp Nne hnh-cs
- a-n-X
- m-bn-cn-Ww, ASp i_m_n teJ\w hp.
{]m-\-ns bph-hn-`m-Ks \bn-p t\Xm--m hfsc
X{-]qhw kwL-S\sb HmsI X-fpsS \nb-{-W-nsemXpm tImp-Iq-p Ime-am-bn-cpp AXv. `qcn-]w apPm-ln-ZpIpw Imcyw a\-n-em-bn-cp-n-. {]mtZ-inI bqWn-p-I ]Xps-Xps \nb-{-W
- n-em-n. ]ns aew I-n, Pnm-I
-
- n-sbms
X-fpsS hcp-Xn-bn-em-m\p Xo{h-{i-a--fn-em-bn-cpp. Cm-cysfn Adn-bp--h ImWp-tm Xn kwkm-cnpw. A{X-am{Xw.
Am-ev auehn sImn-bnse lwk-am-sgpXnb Hcp
Inse {]k`mKw ChnsS D-cn-p-p:
""sF.-F-kv.-Fw. {]kn-Uv \psS {]m-\-ns Bf-. CXv
hfsc t\cs F\nv t_m[y-am-bn-pXm-Wv. Abm alm-kaY-\m-Wv. \psS t]mb-
- m-cmb {]h-I Abmsf sF.-Fkv.Fw.- {]kn-U
- m-n. Abm-fpsS ]pXnb Nnm-KX
- n-b\
- p-kc
- nv sF.Fkv.
F
- ns\ \bn-p-hm Abmv kuIcyw sNbvXp sImSp-p. A-

638

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

s\ h-sXms hp. Ah-km\w Abm ssIhn-ce

- \
-
- n-bm alm`q-cn-]-hpw AX-\p-k-cnv \op Ah hp. Imcy-t_m-[hpw
Ign-hp-ap--h ]e Imc-W--fmepw au\w Zon-p-h-cm-bn-o-cpIbpw sNbvXp. Abm {]kn-Uv m\w Hgn--tm AbmfpsS
icn-bmb ]np-S hln-p Bsf {]kn-U-m-n-bn-mWv ]ncn-Xv. As\ Imcy-sams Ipg--n-em-bn-cn-p-p. tImgn-tmv
\nv Hcn- ]v]
- X
- n-\v t\Xm-, BIvSnwKv {]kn-Uv Ds]sS, Fs hon hv Ftm-sSmcp Imcyw kwkm-cn--tm Rm\htcmSv Cu bmYmYyw Xpdp ]d-n-p-v. s]s-smpw sNm
Ign-bn-tm FmWv adp-]Sn ]d--Xv. Rm Hpw ]d-n-.
Iptd--g
- n-bp-tm Hpw sNm km[n-m Ah hcpw. Iymk t]mse.
]ns Ipsd Bfp-Isf kwL-Sn-nv Fs-nepw sNm \nfpsSsbms klm-bt- mSp IqsS F\npw km[npw. ]s, Fs
A\m-tcmKyw Fs A\p-hZ- n-p-n-. Amlp kem-a
- m-s
- ,''
(18/09/1999).
{]m-\-n\v hcm t]mIp Zpcw auehn Ip. kplrp-tfm-sSmw AXv Atlw ]d-p. Ip-I Fgp-Xn.
hfsc ASp _w ]pen-bn-cp tUm. Aen(APvam)v
Am-e-s-gp-Xnb Inse {]k--`mKw t\mp-I.
""Ckvemlo cwKv K^n-ep-m-bXv t]mse A AXn-s\-m
tami-amb Hcp Zpc-h ChnsSbpm-bn-cn-p-p. AXns XpSw
Rm\p-ambn _-ap--Xm-Wv. sF.-F-kv.Fw {]kn-Upw Rm\pw Hcpanv Ipsdtbsd bm{X sNbvXn-p-v. bm{X-bn ]e-tmgpw ZAvhns amK-n sI.-F.Fws \ne-]mSv icn-b-spw P\-sf
ASpn-p-Ibpw ktm-jn-npIbpw sNp coXn ssIsIm-Wsapw Atlw ]d-b-ep-m-bn-cp-p. Ctm P\-sf shdp-n-pIpbw AI-p-Ibpw sNp coXn-bn-emWv \op--Xv. Atm AXv
]p-Ib
- n-,- {]hm-NI
-
- m-cpsS amK-n \mw {]hn-W
- w,- P\fpsS shdppw kvt\lhpw t\mm ]p-I-bn-sv Rm ]dbpw.
CXn-\n-S-bn-emWv Pam-As Ckvemanbpw ke-^n-I-fpw Xn-ep
ASn-m-\-]-camb hyXymkw hnh-cn-p-sImv Rm Hc-d_n eLpteJ Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. ssiJv C_v\p_mkv AhIpw ]ns sF.F-kv.Fw.- {]kn-U-mbn h Bpw (Atlw Av as
DpJpdm bqWn-th-gvkn-n-bnse hnZymYn-bm-bn-cp-p.) Abp sImSp-

639

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

p. ssiJv AhI Da ]d--XmWv kXy-sav Dd-nv adp-]Sn

Fgp-Xn. Ahn-Sps HutZymKnI {]kn-o-Ic
- W
- a
- mb aPvaq-Av ^mh2mw hmfyw Hmw t]Pn {]kn-o-I-cn-p. lmPn-am aptJ\ temIs-m-Spw {]N-cn-p. Fm ta-d hnZymYn-bm-I-s, hfsc
tami-amb A`n-{]m-b-sa-gp-Xn. Atm F\nv At-l-n \nv
t\cn-\
- p-`h
- s
- kwibw Dd-p. Atlw Ahn-Ss ]Tnp Ignp.
\mn aS-n- h-t- m At-ls hfv sF.Fkv.Fw. {]knUm-n. Rm `b-s-p. ]noSv ]e A\p-`-h--fmepw F\nv t_m[y-s-p. sI.-F.Fw.-s amK-n \nv sF.-F-kv.Fw.-s\ ]nncn-n-m ]e-tmgpw At-l-n\v km[n-n-p-v. Ctm sI.-F.Fw sk{I--dnsb amn Cu Bsf sk{I--dn-bm--W-sav A`n-{]m-bs-Sp-p-ap-v. AXn\v thn s\dn-sI cmjv{Sob D]-Pm-]- hgn
hn {]Nm-c-th-e-I Ce- ka-bpw apw \S-m {ian-p.
\n-bn Znhkw AXv \S-n-. AXv \on-bn-cn-p-p. AXv kw_nv Ckz-vemlocwKw hfsc tami-ambn hfsc Ien adn-n-cnpI-bm-Wv. Cu sF.-F-kv.-Fw. {]kn-Uv tImf-sa-gp-Xn-sm-n-cp
Imev \psS Ghpw henb KpW-Imw-nbpw ZoL-Zr-p-amb
sI.-]n.-ap-l-Zv auehn B {]kn-Uv tImf-sa-gp-XpXv XS-p.
AsXm-cn-epw shdp-sX-bm-bn-cn-bn-tm. CXn-\n-S-mWv a-kp-Avh DLm-S\w Ign--Xv. Rm Wn--s-p. Rm t\cs
lmP-dmbn. sI.-]n.sb AhnsS-n-. Atm- FmWv sI.-]nsb
ImWm-Xv Fv Rm tNmZn-p. cPn-kvt{S-js\ kw_-nv sI.]n.v Nne Bt-]-fpv. AXp-sImv Atlw ]s-Sp-p-I-bn-s-dn-bn-n-ps-m-Wv adp-]-Sn. Atm AsXm-cn-epw icn-b-tm
Fm-tem-Nnv Fstmse {]mbw sN cp-aq-msf kwL-Snnv Rm sI.-]n.sb Iqn-sm-p hcm t]mbn. R ]pd-s-Xn\v tijw Rm kwL-Sn-n Hcmsf D-chm-Z-s--h ]nn-cn-np-Ibpw Fs {iaw ]cm-Pb-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Abm Imdp-h-\mWv. B Imdn t]mIm-\mWv Btem-Nn-n-cp--Xv. Im- hmS-Is-Sp-m F\n-smv Ign-hp-an-..... Fv, kzw Da aue-hn.''
Cu cp Ip-I ]c-ky-s-Sp-t-n- hp. Da auehn Xsf A\p-Iq-en-n-cp-p-shv aS-hq-cn-I {]N-cn-n-m {ian-p. ""Da
auehnbpsS a\x-km-n- \ap-smw'' Fv lpssk aS-hq i_m_n teJ-\sagp-Xn. CXv Xopw sXmb Hcp {]Nm-c-W-am-sWv
aue-hn-bp-ambn ASpv _-s--hsms Adn-bmw. B Imcyw

640

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

shfn-s-Sp-m ta cp Ip-Ifpw hnNn--\-nepw "hgn-]n-cn-h'(sI.-ap-_m-dIv) F ]pkvX-I-nepw {]kn-o-I-cn-tn

hp. Atm aS-hq-cn-I-fn Nne ]d-Xv B Ip-I hymPamWv Fm-bn-cp-p.
AXv Am-lphns \n-b-am-bn-cp-p. auehn A-[n-I-hpw- Hpw
kzw ssIsImv Fgp-Xm-dn-. ssIhnd-p-X
- mWv Imc-Ww. Hv am{XwssIsImv Xs tcJ-s-Sp-pw. Bsc-sm-s-nepw Fgp-Xn-emWv ]Xn-hv. apn Bsc-bmWv IXv, Inn-bXv,- Ah-sc-smv
Fgp-Xn-pw. Ip-Ifpw teJ-\hpw t\mokpw Fmw As\ Xs.
`mcy, a, acp-a-, kplr-p-, ki-I Bcp-am-hmw.
Fm ta]d cp Ip-Ifpw auehn Fgp-Xn-Xv auehn-bpsS ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS aIfpsS aI \Po-_ns\-sm-m-bn-cp-p.
Am-ev kk-_o-ens tPmen-bnepw Xm-dmn hn-cp JpB ]cn-`m-j-bpsS tPmen-bnepw \Po_v klm-bn-n-cp-p. \Po_v
]noSv K^n t]mbn. FS-h A_vZp-emw kp-an-bpsS aI-sfbmWv hnhmlw sNbvX-Xv. \Po-_ns I--c-amWv cp Ip-Ifnepw. Av hon-ep-m-bn-cp asfsmtm acp-a
- s
- f-smtm
A auehn Fgp-Xn-X
- v. AXp-sIm-mWv AXv Am-lp-hns \nbambncpp Fp ]d--Xv. AXp-sImv Ip-I-fnse hnizm-kyX
tNmZyw sN-s-Sm-\m-hn Xs.
auehn Ah-km\w ]pd-n-d-nb kk-_o-en Hcp teJ\w
{]kn-o-Ic
- n-p. {]m-\
- n hcm t]mIp Zpc-s
- -p-dn-p
B[nbmWv B teJ-\-sa-gp-Xm t{]c-I-ambXv. "a\-mn' F
Xesnep B sImp teJ\w ChnsS ]Ip-p:""ZrIvkmn Fp shm In Ip t_m[y-s hnj-bw.
AXp t]mse a\-v kmyw hln hnjbamWv a\-mn. a\mnsb am\n-pI FXv Ghpw Db Hcp hyn amlm-y-amWv. a\p-jy A--s\-bm-h-Ww. A-s\-bp--h-\mWv l\o^v.
C_vdmlow \_n kz-s-n As\ ]d-p. C_vdmlow
\_nbpsS ]np-S-mcmb apl-Zv \_nbpw A\p-bm-bnIfpw As\ ]dp. As\ ]d-bp-hm Amlp I]-n
- p-Ibpw
B \ne-]m-Sn Ddp \nm Bm-]-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p-v.
Ghpw t{ijvT-amb \ne-]m-SmWv a\-m-nsb am\n-.
{]t_m-[\hnP-b-n\v s]mXp-Xm]-cy-ta-Je Is--W-sav

641

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

]d-bp--h a\-m-n-bn-m--h-cm-Wv. Ahv t_m[y-s ]c-amYw adp ]nSn-nv Npp`mKhpw t\mn AXn-s\m-nv amndbWsamWv Ch ]d-bp-X
- v, AXv a\-m-nv tbmPn-m Imcy-amWv.
kXy-hn-izmkn kXyw sXfn-bn-m thn XymKw sNp--h-\m-bncn--Ww. Xmew AXp \n-s, kmh-Imiw aXn, Ctm BfpIsf Xr]vXn-s-Sp-pIbpw ASp-n-p-Ibpw sNp taJ-e-bn
IpdpImew {]hnmw F Nnm-KXn kh-\-bpw \nho-cyam-p t]mm-Wv. s]mXp-Xm]-cy-ta-J-e-bn {]hn-m {]t_m-[\w Fs\ hnP-bn-p-sav a\-n-em-Ip-pan-. a\p-jy ]ctem-Iv imizX \c-I-n \nv c-s-S-W-sa-XmWv apJyamb
{]t_m-[\w. AtXmSpIqSn AXp hfsc {][m-\-s s]mXp-Xm]cyhp-am-Wv. Amlp \n-bn s]mXp-Xm]cyw. AXns\ Ah-K-Wnp-sImv a\p-jy ]pXnb ]cn-]mSn Ip]nSn--W-sav ]d-bp-Xv
{ItaW Fmw Ifv Ipfnv ssIa-ep Ah--bn-se-npw.
Pam-As Ckvemanbpw Rm\pw Xn-ep ASn-m-\-]-c-amb
A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xymkw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-sImv Hcp eLp-teJ Xm-dmn
A-Sn-nv ssiJv C_v\p Amkv
AhIv Ab-p-sIm-Spp. ssiJv C_v\p _mkv Ahn-Sps HutZym-KnI {]kn-o-I-c-Wamb "aPvaqAv-^-Xmh' cmw hmfyw Hmw t]Pn {]kn-o-I-c-np,
AXv Rm Bh-iy-s-X
-
- . hnj-b
- ns Kuchw a\-n-emn Atlw kza-\-mse sNbvX-Xm-Wv. At-l-tm-sSmw Ahn-Ss
^Xvh In-nbpw Dv.
Av Dp Jpdm bqWn-th-gvknnbn ]Tn-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp \psS
kvt\ln-X\pw Rm\-Xns tImn Abp sImSp-n-cp-p. At-lam-I-s, F\nv hfsc Ak-ly-amb \ne-bn Fs Bt-]n-psImpw kap-Zm-bs `nn-n-p Ccw {]hn-I-fn \nv
]nhm--W-sav Hcp t\Xr-]m-S-h-n imkn-p-sImpw F\nv
Ib-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Iv hmbnv At-l-s--n-bp
Fs Fm {]Xo-bpw \in-p. ""\nsf Ctm F\nv a\-nembn'' Fv {]kvXpX In-\-Sn-bn FgpXn Rm Atmv Xs
Abp sImSp-p. Atlw CJvhm\n-If
- psS amK-n-emsWv F\nv t_m[y-am-bn.
Ct-l-ns kzm[o-\-Xv hg-n-bn-s--hw BZyw Rm
kwi-bn-p-Ibpw ]noSv `b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Ah-b
- n-tev sF.F-kv.Fw \S-p i_m_v ]{Xhpw \on-sm-n-cn-p-Xv

642

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Ctm Ip XpS-n-bn-cn-p-p. Xs-bp-a; Cu ImgvN-m-Sns\

tNmZyw sNbvXp-sImv Fgp-Xn-b-b-m {]kn-o-I-cn-p-I-bpan-.
Rms\mcp teJ\w Ab-p. "Ghpw {][m\w' FmWv sl-nwKv.
{]hm-N-I-m hn-v P\v G-hp-a-[nIw hntcm-[hpw shdp-pap hnj-b-amWv BZyw ]d-Xv F-XmWv teJ-\-ns D-Sw. AX-h {]kn-o-I-cn-msX shp-sIm-n-cp-p. ]te \nepw
Rm aSn tNmZn-p. AX-hnsS sImp t]mbns-mSp Bsf
Ab-p. thsd ]e-scbpw G]n--b-p. Fn-smpw XcmsX htm Rm apv cq] mv AbpsIm-Sp-p. Atm- Nh-psIm-bn-tev Fdnbp kz`m-h
- n aSn Ab-p. Atm sI.F.
Fns amKw amm {ian-p-Ibpw {ItaW AXv \S-n hcpnsm-n-cn-p-Ibpw sNp Hc-h--bmWp Rm I-Xv. sI.F.Fw Adn-bmsX AXns ASn-m\w amn-bnv AXns A[nImcw ]nSnp ]m-\m-Wn-tm Hcp-p--Xv. CXmWv Rm ]d-bm
ImcWw; sI.-F.Fw ]ncn-p-hn-tSn hcn-I-bn-,- AXp kaq-l-n
ebnp t]mIpw Fv. CsXm-cn-epw icn-b
- . sI.-F.Fns BZi-nepw ]cn-]m-Sn-bnepw tbmPn-m Ign-bm--h-cp-s-n Ah
Imcyw Xpdp ]dv thdnp t]mbn kwL-S\ thsd Dm-p-IbmWv th-Xv.
Rm Ctm Hnepw sa-d-. Fnepw Rm IXp ]dbpw.
Nnev AXn shdp-p-spw kk-_o Ip-sI--W-sav
]d-spw tIp. B ]d am\y P\n-p--Xn\v apv Rm
Cu amK-n {]hn-p-p. At-l-n\v sNm Ign-bm
Imcy-amWv ]d-X
- v. h Ignhpw e`n-ncpsn kk-_o am{Xa; Fsbpw Ip sIpw. Fm-Wn-s\ ]d-bm- Imc-W-sav
Rm At-l-tmSv Fgp-Xn-tm-Zn-n-p-v. Atlw Rm\-s\ ]dn-n-sv adp-]Sn Ab-p.''- (kk-_oUn-kw-_ 1999)
teJ\w ]pd-p-h--tXmsS henb {]Xn-I-c-W-ap-mbn. apPm-lnZv
{]m-\-n-\-Iv Fsm-stbm \S-p-p-spw apw kzImcy-kw-`m-j-W--fnte Dm-bn-cp-p-p. kwL-S-\-bpsS Xe--n-cnp--h-dn-bmw. FgpXn {]kn-o-I-cn Hpw AXp-hsc ]pdp
hn-cp-n-.
B k`-nemWv "a\-mn' ]pdp h-Xv. AXpw ap-Xn-e[nIw hjfmbn Da auehn {]kno-I-cn-p kk-_o-en.
auehn kzw t]cpshv FgpXnb teJ-\w.

643

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

{]m-\-n-\-Ipw ]pdpw N-bm-bn. {]iv\-am-bn. {]iv\v hgnacp-mbn B teJ\w.

Atm-tgv auehn tcmK-_m-[n-X-\mbn. Ah-i-\m-bn. Fgp-Xno Jp-B ]cn-`m-j-bpsS hmb\ aI ap_m-dIv, t]c-a-IfpsS `mhv sI.-kn. apl-Zv \Po_v, ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS aI aplZv ^mdqJn-, F.F. laoZv sImn Fn-h aue-hn-bpsS kmn-yn \S-p-p-m-bn-cp-p.
"a\-mn' {]kn-o-Ic
- n-X
- n\v aS-hq-cn-If
- psS `mKv \nv Fsnepw {]Xn-I-cWapm-Ip-sav {]Xo-n-n-cp-p. AXp-sImv
t^mtIm-fp- I
- fpw Ip-Ifpw ]cn-tim-[n-X
- n-\v tijw am{Xta auehnv \In-bn-cp-p-p. AXn-n-S-bn-emWv "knkn_u' X]men- h-Xv. ]pdwN-bn-m Hcp tImn BZyw.- ]noSv ]pdwNtbmsSbp tImn Hcm-gvN-p-nepw. AXyw lo\-amb Btcm-]W-fpw If-hp-Ifpw sIp-I-Y-Ifpw aue-hn-s-Xn-cn Fgp-Xn-bpmn {]kn-o-I-cn--Xm-bn-cp-p AXv. Ckz-vemlo- {]m-\- t\Xmpw {]ap-Jpw ]n-X-mpw AXv X]m-en Inn. hmbn-h Ap-X-sp! C{X tami-am-Im Fs\ Ignbpw?! AsX-gpXm\pw A-Sn-m\pw Ab-m\pw Zpjn Iptd-sbw Dt-St- mfw
{]m-\s Ah shn-odpw Fv t_m[y-am-bn. FS-h--bnse
]n.-kn.-kp-sse-am aZ-\n- F-S-h---Spv Xma-kn-p, apPm-ln-Zmi-b-ap Fgp-p-Im-c-\mb Hcp eoKv t\Xm-hn-t\mSv knkn_uen-s\-p-dnv Bcm-p. Fsm-c-{I-a-amWo sNbvXn-cn-p--Xv? BcmWn--Xn-d-n-bXv? Cu tNmZyw Rm aS-hqco t\Xmhnt\mSv tNmZnp
Fm-Wv Atlw adp-]Sn ]d--Xv. Cu tNmZy-n\v Atm Ah-cp-sS- bp-h-t\-Xmhv ]d-p: ""R Hcp sSv tUmkv sImSp-Xm-Wv''. t\Xm-hpw FS-h---Sp kztZ-in-bm-Wv. aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS hfn-b tImdns kwm\ t\Xm-hm-bncpp Abm. Xsfnbpw
X-fpsS t\Xm-hn-s\--nbpw Ah-cpsS hyXn-bm-\-sf BZy-ambn
]pd-t-n Da aue-hn-tbmSv {]Xn-Imcw sNp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
GXmbncp-mepw B p{Z-IrXn Chs-Xn-cn Hcp tcJ-bmbn
Ah-ti-jn-pw, Cu temIpw ]c-tem-I-pw.
{]m\w ]nf-Xn\p tijw ]ecpw ]d-bp-Xv tIp. Da auehn Cu k`-n Dm-bn-cp-s-n.......-F-v. ]eXpw sNp-ambncp-p FmWh Icp-Xp--Xv. `nnv Xe-s]m-p-Xv Itm
Da auehn Xt-Xmb ssien-bn {]Xn-Ic
- n-p. AXmWv "a\-mn'

644

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

"Ghpw {][m\w' Fo teJ\... Ip-I... Atlw sNsXv Atlw Xo-bmbpw sNbvXn-p-v. Hcp kwi-bh
- p-an-. As\
{]Xn-I-cn-Xp t]mepw ]epw CjvS-s-n-n-s-m-W-dn-hv.

aI A_vZpm Da Fgp-Xpp: GtXm kml-Nc

- y-n kw`hn
B cmw hnhmlw! Hcp cmw hnhm-l
- ns kzm`m-hn-Ia
- mb sshcpy-nsv Xs-bm-Imw A]m-bp-m-bn-cp B _w ths]Spn Ah hgn-]n-cn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
acp-`q-an-bnse hkw t]mse s\mSn-bn-S-bn ]qp Xfnp
sImgn-p-t]mb B _-ns krjvSn-bmWv Cubp--h. D
InS-n-em-b-X-dnv K^n \nv s]sv eohn h-Xm-bn-cpp
Rm.
hfsc oWn-X\pw Gsd-psd au\n-bp-am-bmWv Dsb F\nv
ImWm-\m-b-Xv. hcm-\pXns\ kam-[m-\-tmsS Imn-cn-p
apJw!
B InS-nepw D CXn-\Iw Hcp tcmKn-bmbngn-n-cp D-bpsS
hnh-c- IqsS-qsS FtmSv At\z-jn-p-am-bn-cp-p. Hcp Znhkw
am-cp-an-m--tm Fs ASpv hnfnv s]mcp--s-Sm Dmt\mSv ]d-b-W-sav Bh-iy-s-p.
]cn-`-h-ta-Xp-an-msX B ssZhhn[nsb At kzoI-cnp Ign-ncp D,- hnf apJv thZ\ Ie sNdp-]p-n-cn-tbmsS AXv
kzoI-cnp.- Xncnpw s]mcp--s-Sm At]-n--W-sav FtmSv
]d-p.
hnhcw D-tbmSv ]d-t- m GtXm {]mY\ Dcp-hn-Sp-X
- p-t]mse
B Npp-I Nen-p--Xpw ]mXn-b-Sncp ItIm-Wp-Ifn
Ip-\o Dcpp IqSp-Xpw timjn ssII s]mn D AXv
XpS-p-Xpw Fm Rm Ip. 44 hj-v tij-ap Akm[m-cW
- a
- mb Hcp ZqXns t\mhpw kmz-\hpw I-dn Fs IpIfpw \nd-p.

Be-p-g-(]\)bnse Aivd^v tImb kpan kvacn-p-Xv auehn-tbm-sSm-p bm{X-If

- m-Wv. Hcn- {]kw-K]
- c
- n-]m-Sn-I Ignv
Xncp-h\
-
- ]
- p-cv \nv aS-p-Ib
- m-Wv. sImw A_vZpIcow kmln-

645

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

_ns\ ImWm B{K-lw. hoSn-\-Sp-p sSe-t^m _qn

Ib-dn t^m sNbvX-Xn\v tijw hon-tev t]mIm-sav auehn
]d-p. hoS-Sp-s-m-dm-bn,- t\sc hon-tev Ib-dn-s-m-atm
Fv IqsS-bp--h ]d-s-nepw auehn Iqm-n-bn-. hfsc Xncp BfmWv Atlw,- t^m sNbvX- tijta hon-tev t]mImhq,- AXmWv acymZ FmWv auehn ]d-bp--Xv. As\ auehn
_qn Ibdn t^m sNbvXp. sNm ]dp. As\ honsen. hoSn\v apn-ep ]mn Hcp kwLw Ccn-p-p. A_vZpIcow kmln_v aue-hnsb kzoI-cn-p. Ahn-sS-bn-cn-p kwL-ntev sImp-t]m-bn. Atm Ahn-Sb
- n Hcp Xw \S-pIbmbn-cp-p. Ah-cn Nne Nne apkveym-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-n APvao
Pmdw kin-m t]mb-Xm-Wv hnj-bw. AhnsS ad-am-Ss
- ssiJns s]mcpw B{K-lnpw ssiJn-t\mSv {]mYn-p-sIm-p-am-sWn
AXv inm-bn-o-cpw Fv A_vZpIcow kmln-_v hmZn-p. IqpIm ]e HgnhpI-gnhpw ]dv c-s-Sm- {ian-p. AXn-\n-S-bn-temWv Da auehn Fn-b-Xv.
hop-Imc aue-hn-tbm-Sv Imcyw ]d-p. DkvXmZv CXn-s\-n Hcp
Xov ]dp Xc-Ww. auehn ]dp: ""hnj-b-ns Kuchw a\n-em-m-Xv sImmWv \n CXn-s\-n HgnhpI-gnhv ]d-bp-Xv.
\nsftbm am-sc-sbn-eptam Im^ntdm apivcntm Bm Rm\mf-. Hcp Imcyw Dd-m-Wv. \nv th-s-h
- c
- psS [mcmfw J_vdpI \m-n- Dm-bnv AsXm-pw kin-msX, hml\w Hcpn
Imip sNe-hmn APvao-dn-tev J_ ki-\-n-\mbn t]mbXv
sXv Xs-bm-Wv. Ahn-Ss ssiJn-t\mSv {]mYn-m-\m-sW-n
inv Xs. ]pWyw Dt-inv bm{X-sN-m akvPnZp ld-an-tepw
akvPn-Zp--_-hn-bn-tepw ss_Xpap-J-Zn-kn-tepw am{Xta ]mSpp. sNbvX sXn\v ]-m-m-]nv aS-pI''.
Be-p-gb
- nse amm {]tZ-iv ]pXn-sbm-cm Ckz-e
v mln {]m\-n-tev IS-p-h-p. A_vZp- Pm. BPm-\p-_m-lp. Da auehn-sb- kw-_-np-- hnh-c- Aivd^v tImb kp-an-bn \nv
Atlw tIp. HSphn At-l-n\v aue-hnsb ImWm henb
B{K-lw. hm B{Klw {]I-Sn-n--tm kpan At-l-ns
B{Klw km[n-m-sa-t-p. As\ cp-t]cpw Xncqm-tv ]pdsp. 1999emWn-Xv. Imev Fv aWn-tbmsS Xncqm-s-n. tdmUn \nv hoSv I-tm A_vZpP-m kmln_v tNmZn-p. Cu
henb a\p-jys hoSv C{X ]g-b-XmtWm? At-l-ns a-Xnv

646

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

h[n-p. Zp\n-bm-hn-s\-p-dn-p aue-hn-bpsS ho-W

- fpw ]pfnse hoSn\v Zmdp ^\m Fv t]cnXpw kpan ]dp sImSp-p.
hoSn-\v ]pdv GXm\pw Imdp-I \nn-bn-Xv Ip. hon Ibdn-b-tm apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns kap-X t\Xm--sfmw AhnsS-bp-v. F.-]n. A_vZpJm-Z auehn, Sn.-]n. A_vZp--tmb aZ\n,
Aen A_vZpd-kmJv a-Z-\n, ]n.-F-kv. _mh kmln_v XpS-n-b-h.
AXoh {]m[m-\y-aln-p Ftm kwL-S\m {]iv\w N sNm
hn-cn-p-I-bm-W-h.
Cu t\Xm-f
- p-sS-bn-Sb
- n-tev kpan Iqp-Im-ct- \m-sSmw Fs\
Ib-dn-spw Fv Bi-b
- mbn. auehn ImW-
- h
- n-[
- n hmXnenp t\sc kpan \np. I am{X-bn auehn Fgp-tp hp.
]pd-tv hv tXmfn Inv kwkm-cn-p. h Imcyw ]d-p.
ktm-j-ambn. A]-k-abw sNe-h-gn--tm kp-anpw A_vZpP-m kmln-_n\pw asm-cm-i
- b
- p-m-bn. {]m\ t\Xm- {][m\-s Imcyw kwkm-cn-p--Xn-\n-S-bn AXn\v XS--ap-m-m
X Imc-W-am-b-Xn-\m-emWv Bi-. AXv Xpdp ]d--tm
auehn ]d-p. ""\n-fpsS A{X AIse \nv h Bcpw C-q-n-en-. Ah-cpw \nsftmse apIqn hnh-c-a-dn-bn-msX hh-cm-Wv. AXp-sImv kmc-an-.'' As\ Hn-n-cpv ]ppw IS-ebpw
Nmbbpw Ign-p. cpt]cpw ktm-j-tmsS aS-n.

sImn am-tcnbn ]\-b-nnbnemWv apPm-ln-Zo sslkvIq. kpn-I-fpsS tI{-am-bn-cp sNn]n-bn-tev A]w

Zqcta AhnsS \np-p. AXn--Spv Hcp sNdnb ]n-bp-v. ssNtXy]n Fm-W-dn-b-s-Sp-I. Ppap-A-bn-. ]n-tbmSv tNv
tdmUpw hensbmcp Ipf-hp-ap-v. Cu ]n-bn Da auehn {]kwKn-p. 197374 embn-cn--Ww kw`-hw. auehn {]kw-Kn-p-Xv ]n-I-mWv. ]n-bn sI.-F-kv.sI X AS--ap {][m-\nI
Dv. {]h-I ]n-I
- pw ]pdpw Ccn-p-p. {]kwKw Bcw`nv A]w I-gn-tm- Jpdm-^n-I Iq-ambn hv _lfw XpSn. Nne ]n-I
- tv Xnc-n-b
- d
- m {ian-p. Ahsc kwLmS-I hmXn- XS-p. tNmZyw tNmZn-m\msWv ]dv hopw
Xn-b
- d
- m {iaw. tNmZyw Cp Xtv Fv kwLm-SI
- . tNmZyw
hmn sI.-F-kv.sI X-v \In. X tNmZyw aue-hnv
ImWnp sImSp-p. auehn DSs\ ]d-p:- ChnsS Rms\mcp

647

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

hnjbw kwkm-cn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. tNmZy-v Dcw

kk-_o amkn-I-bn hmbn-mw.
Atm _lfw h[n-p. adp-]Sn Ctm Xs thW-sa-mbn
Jpdm-^n-q-w. _l-f-n\v in IqSn. Btcm hnhcw sImSp-n-mIWw Fkv.-sFbpw Hcp Pon t]meokpImcpw e-sn. tNmZy-n\v Dcw Ctm Xs thW-sav ]dv _l-f-ap-m-pIbm-sWpw D-c- amkn-I-bn {]kn-o-I-cn-m-sav {]`mj-I ]d-npw Iqm-p-n Fpw Fkv.-sF-tbmSv kwLm-S-I
]d-p. {]kwKw Xmew \np. Atm-tgpw Ccp-\-q-dn-e-[nIw
t] XIv_o D-n apg-n-smv ]np t\sc hp. B
henb Iq-s t]meo-kp-Imsmpw sNm-\m-hm Ah--bmbn. t]meokv hnh-ca
- d
- n-bnv kn.-sF. hp. cv hn t]meo-kpsan.
Jpdm-^n-qw ]ncn-p-t]m-Im Xm-d-m-bn-cp-p. t]meokv ta[mhn-I Ah-cp-ambn kwkm-cn-p. kn.-sF- ]-d-p- ""\nb-am-\p-krXw
\S-p ]cn-]mSn XSsSp-m ]mSn-. \nco-iz-c-hm-Znv ssZhan-sv ]dp sImv Cu \mn {]kw-Knmw. Fn-mtWm
Hcp apkvenw ]n-X\v {]kw-Kn-m ]mSn-sv ]d-bp-Xv?''- t]meokp-tZym-K
Ahsc ]dv HXp-n. ]ncnp t]mIm-\m-h-iy-sp. B Jpdm-^n-qw ""t_mtem XIv_o'' F-ea
- p-db
- nv _l-fa
- pmn ]ncn-p-t]m-bn.
kn.-sF. ]d-X
- \
- p-kc
- nv aue-hnsb Atlw ]d-bp-n-Sv sImp-t]mbn hnSm t]meokpIm Xm-dm-bn. A-sXm-p-a- th-- X- s]m-bv-sm-m-sa-v- kw-Lm-S-I- ]-d-p.- As\ aue-hnsb
hnfn-p-sIm-p-hc
- m ]n-bn-tev kwLm-SI
- sNp. ]n-I
- vt]mbn t\mp-tm-gXm Da auehn kpJ-ambn InSp-p-d-pp!
aue-hnsb hnfn-p-Wn. ]pdv hp. au-e-hnbpw Iqp-Imcpw
AhnsS \nv aS-n.

ae-pdw Iqn-e-mSn ISp-q-nse apl-Zv ]p- Da auehnsb Hmp-Xv ISp-qv ke^n akvPn-Zn\v Imc-W-am-b-Xn-s\-n-bm-Wv. Da auehn CS-nsS ISp-q-nse ke^n {]hIsc ImWm hcm-dp-v. Hcn- Ahn-sS-bp \a-kvImc ]nbn
auehn Jp-B mkv \Sn. mkn\p tijw Hcp ke^n akvPnZv
AhnsS \nan-p--Xns\ Ipdnv {]h-I-tcmSv kwkm-cn-p. B
]n-tbm-S-\p-_-n ew Inptam Fv e-ap-S-asb Iv

648

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

At\z-jn-p. Inp-I-bn-sdn-tm {]h-I-tcmSv C\n-sbmWv amK-sav auehn Bcm-p. kn.-Fv Al-Zv Ipn lmPn
F Ipm lmPnv sXm-Spv e-ap-v. auehn kwkm-cnm ew Inm km[y-X-bp-sv Ah ]d-p. AX-\p-kcnv
Ipm lmPnsb Ip. ]npw aZvd-kpw Atlw ew
hJ-^mbn \In. 1988-em-W-Xv. ew sI.-F.Fns t]cn cPn sNbvXp. AhnsS ]nbpw aZvd-kbpw sshImsX m]n-X-ambn.
apl-Zv akvI-n-em-bn-cp-p Iptd-m-ew. Da auehn AhnsS
sNp. akvI
- nse dqhn-bn am-n hen-sbmcp ]n-bp-v. B
]n \nan-Xpw Imcy- sImp-\S-
- p-Xpw Ahn-S
- p-Im-c\
- mb
Hcp Ad_nbmbn-cp-p. At-l-tm-S-\p-hmZw tNmZnv Hcp Znhkw
aKvcn_v\p tijw Ad-_n-Imbn {]`m-jWw \nh-ln-p. {]`mjWw XpS-n-bt- m apn Ad-_n-If
- mcpw Dm-bn-cp-n-. ]nbpsS
aqe-I-fnepw sskUn-ep-ambn ]ecpw Ccn-p-p-m-bn-cp-p. Ap
an\nv Ign--tXmsS Ad-_n-I Htcm-cp-cmbn Da aue-hn-bpsS
apn-se-n Nppw Ccn-p-Ibpw hen-sbmcp kZ-mbn amdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. apm aWn-q-tdmfw auehn Ad-_n-Imbn kwkm-cn-p.
Ah-km-\n--tm Ad-_n-I aptmp hv aue-hnv ssIsImSpepw kvt\lm-t\z-jW
- hpw XpS-n. ]n \S-n-p-Im-c\
- mb Ad_n
At-l-ns hon-tev \n_-nv sImp-t]m-bn. henb kzoIcWw. Atm-tgpw Ahn-Ss aX-cw-Ks {]ap-J hon-se-n.
Cimp tijw ae-bm-fn-Imbn AtX ]n-bn auehn {]kwKn-p. \ kZ-kv. aue-hn-bpsS kzX-kn--amb ssien-bn- {]kw-Ka-h-km-\n-p--Xp-hsc Hp-ap-m-bn-. {]kwKw Xo-tXmsS Iptdbm-fp-I Fgp-tp Bt-]
- fpw ]cn-lm-k
- fpw shp-hn-fn-Ifpw!
_l-f-am-bn. Itw sNp-sa ambn! Ckvemln {]h-I auehnv Nppw \np, Fn\pw Xm-dm-bn-s! HSp-hn shp-hn-fnm aS-n-tm-bn.
akvI-nse Hcp alm-]-WvUn-X kzK-n shv kXy-hn-izmkn-I Am-lp-hns\ ImWp-sav ]d--Xns\ \ntj-[n-p. kDuZnbn \nv h Hcp ]WvUn-X AXns\ ]c-ky-ambn FXnp.
AXv henb H-m-Sm-bn. sSen-hn-j-\n B N hp. cp ]WvUnX-m-cp-sSbpw N A]w \S-s-nepw `c-Wm-[n-Imcn B ]cky
N \nn-sh-n-p.
Bbn-S-mWv auehn akvI-n-se-n-b-Xv. hnjbw aue-hn-tbmSv

649

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

kplr-p- ]d-p. kzK-n Am-lp-am-bp Zi\w Dmhptam? auehn ]dp: ""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iv {]tXy-Ia
- mbn DmIp Hcp A\p-{K-la
- m-WX
- v. lZo-kn Imcyw hn-p-v. {]mam-Wn-Icmb
]WvUn-X
- m AXns\ \ntj-[n-n-n F-XmWv Fs Adn-h.v kzK
{]th-i\
-
- n\p ]pdsa kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iv Icp-Wm-hm-cn-[n-bmb dns {]tXyI A\p-{K-l-am-W-Xv. AXns\ \ntj-[n-t Imcy-sav?
\mnse Hcp aX-m-]-\-n\p thn AhnsS Hcp klm-b-t]
kan-n-cp-p. Av ^smw Xop-t]m-sbpw ASp hjw
]cn-KW
- n-m-sapw A[n-Ir-X ]d-p. ]nt hjw ka-ba
- m-bt- m
AXns\ ]n At\z-jn-p. At] \jvSs
- ]-n-cp-p. As\ ]pXnb
Hcp At] auehn Fgp-Xn-bp-m-n. ssSv sNm thn ssSnwKv sk-dn sImpt]mbn-sm-Sp-p. apl-Z- n-b
- mWv sImSp-Xv.
ssSn-mb kpUm\n At] hmbnp t\mn. Fnv Atlw
tNm-Znp: Bcm-Wn-sX-gp-Xn-b-Xv? Fgp-Xn-b-Xn h sXpw hn-pmIptam Fp IcpXn apl-Zv ]dp: ""Fs \mnse Hcp ]WvUnX-\m-Wv.'' kpUm\n Ap-X-tmsS tNmZnp: ""Hcp ae-_mcn ]WvUnXt\m?'' AsX ae-_m-cn-bm-Wv. kpUm\n Ap-X-tmsS ]dp:
""Cu `mj AXn-a-t\m-l-c-am-bn-cn-p-p. Chn-sS-bp Ad_nIp
t]mepw Cs\ Fgp-Xm Ign-bn- Fs-\n--dn-bmw. ]e- {]tbm-Kfpw Ahv a\-n-emn sImSp-tn hcpw. A{X D-X-amb
Ad_n ssien-bm-Wn-Xv.''

Ctm Xriq ]-W-n Xma-kn-p shn-Sv kztZin

skbvXp-ap-l-Zv kmln_v Xs Hma-I Cs\ kam-l-cn-p-p:
Rm J Fbt^m-gvkn tPmen sNp Imew. 1980tem
81tem Bbn-cn-Ww BZy-ambn Da aue-hnsb ImWp-Xpw ]cnNbs-Sp-Xpw. J PUvPn-bm-bn-cp ssiJv C_v\plP aue-hnbpsS Iqp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-p. auehn Pnkns W-a-\p-k-cnv Jdn-se-n. J Ckvemlo sk cq]o-I-cnv A[n-I-am-bn-n-. IpymSn Apdlow aue-hn-bm-Wv mkp-I \S-n-bn-cp--Xv. PpapA
JpXv_-bpsS ]cn-`mj \a-kvIm-c-n-\p-tijw \S-m A\p-hmZw
e`n-p. Ckzvemlo {]h-I Xma-kn-n-cp "In-n tImun'-epw mkp-I \S-n-cp-p.
Da auehn J-dn-se-n-b-X-dnv R Hcp kzoI-c-WtbmKw hn]p-ea
- mb cq]-n kwL-Sn-n-m Hcp-n. \ {]NmcWw

650

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

\S-n. Pam-As Ckveman A\p-Iq-en-Ifpw aue-hn-bpsS {]kwKw

tIm\mbn hs-n. Da auehn Xs kzX-kn-a
- mb ssienbn Xulo-Zns\ kw_-nv kwkm-cn-p. auZqZn kmln_v XuloZn
\S-nb s]mfn-s-gpv Atlw hy-am-n. C_m-Z
- n\v aqYw
\In-bm-ep A]-I-S-fpw B \nev Pohn-p--Xn-ep A{]mtbm-Kn-IX
- bpw XzmKqo km-cns\ A\p-kc
- n-m inm-Ipsa
Pam-Av P]-\--fpsS s]m--chpw AtX km-cns\ A\pk-cnp \S-p--Xnse Im]-Syhpw Fmw auehn hni-Zo-I-cn-p.
{]kw-K-n-\n-S-bn Pam-A-p-Im tNmZy--sf-gpXn sImSp-bp-p-m-bn-cp-p. {]kwKw Xo-Xn-\p-tijw Fm tNmZy-pw
adp-]Sn \Ip-sav A_vZpdlow IpymSn Adn-bn-p-Ibpw sNbvXncpp. AX-\p-k-cnv {]kwKw Xo-Xn\v tijw IpymSn ]dp: ""ChnsS Nne tNmZy- FgpXnnn-bn-p-v. Ah-sbmw hfsc \nmcamb-Xn-\m Fs mkn ]s-Sp-p-h
- adp-]Sn ]d-bp-X
- mWv''
Fnv Atlw tNmZy- Hmtcmv hmbn-m-\m-cw-`n-p. injy-mcmb Hmtcm-cp-tcmSpw adp-]Sn ]d-bm-\m-h-iy-s--X-\p-k-cnv adp]Sn
]d-bm\pw XpS-n. Xsf Cs\ sImm-n-b-Xn Pam-As
Ckvemanm Acniw sImp. hnh-c-a-dnv Pam-Av t\Xmhpw
hmnbpw Fgp-p-Im-c-\p-amb keow auehn ]msn. Atlw
Iqp-Im-tcm-sSmv {]kw-K-th-Zn--Spv hv ""\n {]kw-Kn--sXmpw icn-b. P\-sf sXn--cn-n--cp-Xv, \ns-mWv ]dbm\p-Xv?''Fv tNmZnp.
Da auehn ]dp: ""Rm ]dsXmw sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ASnm-\-n-em-Wv. AXv sXfn-bn-m\pw Rm Xm-dm-Wv.''
keow auehn: ""Fm Rm \nsf shp-hn-fn-p-p. Htc
tPn \nv sImv R tNmZn-p tNmZy-v adp-]Sn
]d-bm \n Xm-dptm? Xm-dp-s-n, \n \mn-tev
aSpw apv ]cn-]mSn kwL-Sn-n-mw. Xm-dmtWm?''
auehn Fs t\mn. A-cs
- amcp ]cn-]m-Snv A\p-hmZw e`nptam Fm-bn-cpp aue-hn-bpsS kwi-bw. \apv k-X-am-sWv
Rm aue-hn-tbmSv ]d-p. AXv tIt Xmakw Da auehn
]d-p. ""Rm k-Xn-p-p. ka-bhpw ehpw \n-bnv Rsf
Adn-bn-p-I. R hcpw. Cim Amlv''
As\ Ah ]ncnp t]mbn. Znh-k-ptijw hnh-csampw Inm-Xv sImv Pam-A-p-Im-cp-ambn R _-s-p.

651

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

Ah ]nh-en--Xmbn a\-n-em-bn. Cu k`w R \mbn

D]-tbm-K-s-Sp-m Xocp-am-\n-p. hn]p-e-ambn {]Nm-cWw \Sn
aqpZn-hkw XpS-bmbn s]mXp-]-cn-]mSn \Sn. CXv henb t\am-bn-op. [mcmfw ktlm-Z-c-m ]pXp-Xmbn Ckvemlo skdpambn _-s-p. Pam-Av A\p-`m-hn-I-fm-bn-cp ]ecpw R-fpsS
klm-bn-Ifpw A\p-Iq-en-I-fp-am-bn-op.
]noSv Rm K^v PohnXw aXn-bmn \mn hp. shnSn ke^o akvPn-Zn-t\m-S\
- p-_
- nv kk-_o Ad-_n-tmtfPv
m]n-X-am-bn. Fs ASp _p-hmb tUm.-AenbmWv AXn\v
Fm t\Xr-Xzhpw \In-bn-bXv. 199798 Imev Ad-_n-tm-tfPns
{]nkn-m-fmbn auehn shn-S-n-ep-m-bn-cp-p. Am-ev NmhmSv apXp-sh-q cmPm-lm-fn Hcp ]cn-]mSn \S-n. hnjbw ""XuloZpw inpw''. Da auehnbmWv apJy-{]-`m-jI. thsdbpw ]nXm-cp-m-bn-cp-p. CXc ]n-X-m kwkm-cn--Xn\p tijw auehn
{]kw-Kn-m XpS-n. Ac aWn-q-dm-bn-m-Wpw, Hcp Iqw BfpI
In hSnbpw hSn-bn sImSnbpw Bbp-[
- f
- p-ambn lmfn-tev Ccp
Ib-dn. PmY-bmbn hcp Ah ap{Zm-hmIyw hnfn-p-pv. ""aplvbno ssiJv knm-_mZv! cn^mCu ssiJv knm-_mZv! ap-ds X knm-_mZv! Kukp AAvfw knm-_mZv!'' ""Da aue-hnsb
XsSm!''Fn--s\-bp A-lm-k-fpw Db-cp-p-v.
tPn-en-cp--h B hchv Iv Aw-hn-p! Fm-hcpw Fgp-tv
aue-hnv Nppw \np. ]tmfw t] tPn-tev NmSn--b-dn. hfn-bam Ahsc XS-p. Dpw Xpw ASnbpw! t{imXm- A[nIhpw Atm-tgv lmfn \nv ]pdp IS-p. CXn-\n-S-bn-semcp Fs apn s]p. Ah Kp-bm-sWv Fs Hcp _phnfnp ]d-p. Ahs\ ]nSn-p amn. Atm Ahs A-c-bn-semfn-n-n-cp Bbp[w Xmsg hoWp. Atm-tgpw t]meokv esn. t]meokv Bbp[w ]nSn-s-Sp-p. Ipg-
- m ]ecpw ewhnp.
Nnesc t]meokv ]nSn-Iq-Sn. Ahsc tj-\n-tev sImp-t]m-bn.
aue-hnsb Imdn Hcp _phns hon-se-n-p. t]meokv ]nSnbnemb-hc
- n Ckvemlo {]h-Icp-ap-m-bn-cpp F-dnv tj\n
t]mbn kn.-sF.sb Ip. Imcy- kwkm-cn-p. kn.sF.sb F\nv
t\cs Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Ckvemlo kplr-p-sf hnp-In-n.
shn-S-n-\-Spv sIp- Jpdm^n ]n-bnse Hcp kJm-^nbmbn-cpp Cu Ipg--p ]nn-epmbn-cp--Xv. Da aue-hn Xs

652

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

hI-h-cp-m Kp-Isf Gm-Sm-n-bn-p-v Fpw Xs cnW-sapw ]d-p-sImv kJm^n t]meo-kn ]cmXn sImSp-p.
kn.-sF. Fs hnfn-n-p. Rm At-ls t]mbn Iv hnh-c-sfms hni-Z-ambn ]dp tIn-p. Rm aSn kk-_o
tImtf-Pn-se-n.
hnh-c- Rm aue-hnsb [cn-n-p. Atm auehn ]dp:
""F\n-s-Xn-cn-em-Wtm ]cm-Xn. AXp-sImv Rm Xs tj\n
lmP-cmbn Imcy- t\cnv ]d-bWw'' AXns Bh-iy-an-sv
R ]d-s-nepw auehn Iqm-n-bn-. HSp-hn R Hcp
kwL-ambn aue-hn-tbm-sSmv kn.-sF.sb t]mbn-
- p. kJm^nsbbpw hnfn-n-p. Imcy- a\-n-emb kn.-sF.kJm-^nsb XmoXv
sNbvXp hnp.
]noSv sIp- F ev Da auehn {]kw-Kn-p. Ipgapm-m {iaw \S-p-sh-nepw ]cm-P-b-s-p.

sI.-kn. A_q-_
- auehnbpsS \mSmb D{K-]pcw (Aco-tmSvhmg-mSv tdmUn-emWv Cu ew) Imcn-]d
-
- n Da auehn {]kwKnp.
198081 embn-cn- -Ww. {]kwKw XpS-n-bt- XmsS Iqn-hn-fnbpw XpSn.
apkveym-m hv ""Iq-eySm Iqbv'' Fp ]dp Iqn. {]kwKw
\nn-bn-. Iqpw \nn-. {]kw-K-a-h-km-\npw hsc Iqp-hn-fnbpw XpSp.
{]kwKw Xo-Xn\ptijw auehn kwLm-S-I-tcmSv ]dp: ""Fsmcp a\p-jy-cm-Wn-h! ApXw Xs! Cu Iq-cpsSbnS-bn \apsmcp ]n thWw!'' AhnsS ]npthn ew hmn-bnv
Ipdp Ime-am-bn-cp-p. ]n \nam-W-n\v Hcp \nhr-nbpw ImWmsX hnj-an-n-cn-p-Ib
- m-bn-cpp Ah. X\n-\m-n]p-dw. sXm-cn-In-eqsS
Nmen-bm-sdm-gp-Ip-p. A[n-Ihpw sNdn-b-tXm-Xn Irjn--Wnbpw apambn Pohn-X-n\v Xs _pn-ap-p--h-cm-Wv. hnhcw aue-hn-tbm-Sh hni-Za
- m-n. auehn ]dp: ""]Xn-\m-bncw cq] Rm Xcmw. _mn
\n F-s\-sb-nepw kwL-Sn-n--Ww. \apv ]nbpm-Ww.'' A[nIw sshImsX auehn hmv ]men-p. G kwJy Xp.
AXp-sImv Xd Iodp-Ibpw Ipw apw hmn ]Wnbpw XpS-n.
As\bmWv Icn-]-n ke^n akvPn-Zp-m-b-Xv.

653

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

sImn am-tcn ]pXn-b-tdm-Un Da aue-hn-bpsS Hcp {]`mjWw \n-bn--s-p. ]pXn-b-tdmUv PwKvj-\n- alvfd--n-bpsS
apn. aplvbno ssiJv lmP-cm-Ip-sap hniz-kn-s-Sp
e-amWv alvfd ]n Fv ]d-bp--Xv. Jpdm-^n-I-fpsS IqSm-WhnSw. ]pXnb tdmUns Hc-v apPm-lnZv ]n-bp-v. Ctm kk_o akv P n- Z p- Xv at- b - - m- s Wp ]d- b mw. ]pXnbtdmUv
PwKvj\n BZy-am-bmWv auehn {]kw-Kn-p--Xv. hlm_n t\Xmhmb Da aue-hn-bpsS {]kwKw alvfd-
- nv- apn Dm-Ipsadn Jpdm^nS AtXmsS CfIn! ChnsS {]kw-Kn-m A\p-h-Znn Fm-bn. Fm {]kwKw \S-ntb Hq Fp apPm-lnZpIfpw. ssav s]an-js\Sp-n-cp-p. AXv Iymkemm DX
t]meo-k-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-ambn Jpdm-^n-I _-sp {iaw XpS-n.
Atm AXn-ep-ap-bn-Sv apPm-ln-ZpIfpw _-s-p.
\S-p-sapw \S-n-spw hmin-bm-bn. Ipg-a
- p-m-Ip-sa-p-d
- v.
As\ kwLm-SI
- IqSn-bm-tem-Nn-p. A`n-{]m-bh
- y-Xym-ka
- p hnjb- ]d-bm-sX, hnai-\--fn-msX Hcp {]kwKw \S-m-sav
Xocp-am-\-am-bn. Ipg--ap-m-bm AXv alm {]iv\-am-Ipw. am-tcnbmWv \mSv! Bcpw Ipdp sImSp-n! Cs\ Xocp-am-\-am-bXv
aue-hnsb Adn-bn--W-a-tm. C hnjbw ]d-b-cp-sXv ]d-m
B hnjbw Xs ]d-bp kz`m-h-m-c-\mWv auehn Fv Ahv
\m-b-dn-bmw. ""C hnjbw ]d-b-cpXv Fv kwLm-S-I FtmSv
]d-n-p-v. Atm B hnj-b-amWnhnsS Ghpw IqSp-X-embn
P\- a\-n-em-t hnj-bw. AXp-sImv Rm B hnjbw
Xs-bmWv ]d-bm t]mIp-Xv '' Fp Bscbpw `b-msX ]dbp BfmWv Da auehn Fv Ah ]e A\p-`-h--fn \nv
{Kln-n-p-v.
AhnsS \S-p ASn-sbm-gp-p-Is
- fmpw Adn-bm auehn e-s-n. {]kw-K-n\v A[nI ka-b-an-. kwLm-S-I Xnc-sSp, auehnv hyn-]-c-ambn IqSp-X ASp--ap {]h-Is\
Xs Npa-X-e-s-Spn, hnh-c- aue-hnsb [cn-n-m. kwL-jm-h
s
- b-n Atlw aue-hnsb ]dp a\-n-em-n. A`n-{]mbhy-Xym-k-ap hnj-b--sfmpw ]d-bm-Xn-cn-p--Xm-bn-cnpw Ctmgs Ah--bn D-aw. Ckvemans\ kw_-nv s]mXp-hmb
Hcp {]kw-K-amhpw Cu kwLjw apn \np k`-n Ipg-sam-gn-hm-m \Xv Fsms B kvt\ln-X aue-hnsb sXcys-Sp-n.

654

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

auehn Hpw ann-bn-. aKvcn_n\ptij-amWv {]kwKw. ka-bam-bn. PwKvj\

-- n Xs-bmWv tPv. \mep-`m-Kt- pw tdmUv \op
InS-p-p. \mep-tdm-Unepw \ndsb P\w. Ipg-a
- p-m-Ip-sa-p Bib--bn t]meokv hn-I-fn t]meokptZym-K--m-cpsS ]qW\n-b-{-W-n-emWv \mep-`m-Khpw. Ah Fn\pw Xm-dmbn \npp! Bbn-c--W-n\v P\- BImw--bpsS apap-\-bn!
auehn {]kw-Ka
- m-cw-`n-p-Ib
- m-Wv. lwZpw kzempw Ign-Xn\ptijw ]d--Xn-s\: ""aplvbno ssitJ cn--tW, _Z-cotf ImtW Fv Hcp- hnfn-m Ah \mep Xh-W Im^ndmbn.
Amlp tIp--Xp-t]mse A`u-Xn-I-amb \ne-bn- Hcm tIp-sav hniz-kn-p-Xv Ip^-dm-Wv. hyXy-kvX\
- m-Sp-If
- n \nv \qdpI-W
- n\v `mj-Ifn P\- hnfn-p-s
- Xmw IrXy-ambn Amlp
Adn-bp-p. AXp-t]mse hyh-t-Zn-d
- n-bp Hcp\p-sv hnizknepw Ip^v Xs. Ch-bn Dcw \tIhv Dcw \Im Ign-bp--h Amlp am{X-am-Wv. B Ignhv krjvSn-Ipsv ]d-bp-Xpw Ip^vdmsX a-mWv? {]mY\ Bcm-[-\-bm-sWv
{]hm-N-I ]Tn-n-n-cn-p-p. acn-p-t]mb Huen-bm--tfmSpw ssiJp-am-tcmSpap Cu {]mY\ hy-amb Ip^vdpw inp-am-Ip-p.........'' aq-c-a-Wn-q B {]`m-jWw \op \np. Hcp Ipg--hp-ap-mbn! Ah-km\w hsc Bcpw ]ncnp t]mb-Xp-an-. aue-hn-bpsS
{]kw-K-ns BZy-hm-NIw tI-bp-Ss\ tPn-ep-m-bn-cp, auehnsb Imcy- t_m[y-s-Sp-nb aue-hn-bpsS kvt\ln-X-\mb
kwLm-S-I s]sv tPn \nv A{]-Xy--\mbn! GXm-bmepw
Hc-]-I-Shpw kw`-hn-n-. Bcpw Hcp _l-f-hp-ap-m-n-bn-. {]kwKm-h-km\w hsc Hcp Iqh t]mep-ap-m-bn!
sImn aew Hm^okv Ctm- alvfd ]nv kao-]-am-Wp-Xv FXv IuXp-I-I-c-amb Hcp hnh-c-am-Wv. As {]kwKw
\S ew. Am-lp-hns A\p-{K-lw.

Xs Ipp\m-fn I Da aue-hn-sb-bmWv inlm_v sXmSp]p-g Hmp-Xv. {]tZ-is apPm-lnZv {]m-\-ns {]mcw-`-Imew. sXmSp-]p-g IpwIv BTMLP kvIqfn alv Inn kwL-Snn HcmgvN \op-\nIp aX-{]-`m-jW ]cc. sXm-Sp Znhkw
apX AtX ev Da aue-hn-bpsS -{]-`m-jWw kwL-Sn-n-s-p. hoSnt\mSv tNp kvIq{Kun ]Xn-hn Ipd-hm-

655

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

sWnepw kmam\yw \ kZ-m-bn-cp-p. aqp Znhkw t{]m{Kmw

\S-p. ^mXnl kqdx hniZoIcnp sImmWv {]kw-Kn-X
- v. ]cn-]mSnv _pv sNptmXs "auehn ITn\ ssien-bm-Wv, XpS-mv ]nb Bf' Fv sImn-bnse {]h-I ]d-n-cp
Imcyw As {][m\ kwLm-S-I-\mb A_vZp Icow kmln_v
]d-bm-dp-v. ]t, tNmtZym-c ka-bs sNdnb Akzm-c-ky-f-msX henb {]iv\-sfmp-ap-m-bn-.
]noSm {]tZ-iv aue-hn-bpsS IqSn ]cn-{i-a--fpsS ^e-ambn
ke^n akvPnZpw aZvdk-bp-sam-s-bp-m-bn. ew ImWp-hm\pw
ap-ambn h-tm hon-emWv Atlw Xma-kn--Xv. ASpv hnfnn-cpn kwkm-cn-Xpw D]-tZ-in-Xpw {]tXyIw {]mYn--Xp-samw
Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-am-Wv. Ctm sXmSp-]p-g-bn hn]p-e-amb kuI-cy-fp akvPnZpw apw \ap-p-v. Cu {]tZ-is Ckvemlo Ne\-p \a-bn-semcp ]v Cim Am-lv aue-hnv e`nmXn-cn-n-. Amlp At-l-sbpw \sbpw kzK-n Hcp-an-ptN-s, Bao.

Da auehn kw`m-j-W--fnepw {]`m-j-W--fnepw Fm-h-scbpw

]Tn-n-m-dp-m-bn-cp Hcp ZnIv Fm- hmb-\
- m-cp-sSbpw {i-bnepm-bn-cn--s.
""Am-lp am Akzv-_l _o an \nAvaXn, Hu _n Al-Zn
an JeJn-I, ^anI hlvZI em icoI eI, eIlwZp heIpIv'' (A-m-lpth, Cu {]`m-X-th-f-bn F\nv, As-n \ns
krjvSn-I-fn-ems-nepw Fsmw kpJ ktm-j--f-\p-`-h-sSp-p-tm, AsXm-sbpw \nn \nv am{X-apXm-Ip-p. \n\v
bmsXmcp ]p-Im-cp-an-. \n\-mWv kvXpXn. \n\-m-Ipp \n)
CXv Xs sshIp-t-chpw sNm-Ww. "am Akzv_l' F-Xn\p
]Icw "am Awkm' Fp ]d-m aXn. Cu {]]--nse PohPm-e--f-Jnew A\p-`-hn-p A\p-{K-l-v \n ]d-bp-I-bm-Wnhn-sS. Cu temIs kw_-npw Xs-s kw_-npw Nnnm\pw hn\-bhpw Bcm-[-\m-`m-hhpw Dsm-m\pw Ghpw A\ptbm-Py-amb Cu ZnIv ]Xn-hm-t--Xm-Wv.
auehn km[m-cW CS-nsS sNmn-bn-cp Hcp ZpB-bp-v. CXpw
{]hm-N-Im-[ym-]-\--fn s]-Xm-Wv. ""bm lp bm Jqw _n dlvanI \kvX-Kokv'' (F-spw Pohn-n-cn-p--ht\! Fmw \nb-

656

Hma-I-fpsS Xocv A\p-_w-

{n-p--ht\! \ns Imcp-Wy-n-\mbn R tXSpp) Amlp-hn\v \qdp Imcp-Wy-ap--Xn Hcp ImcpWyw (Hcp iX-am-\w) am{XamWv Cu {]]--n-ep--Xv. AXns `mK-amWv Chn-Ss hmbp,
shw, {]Imiw XpS-nb \ma-\p-`-hn-p k A\p-{K-l--fpw.
a\p-jycpw Poh-Pm-e-fpw ]n arKm-Zn-Ifpw ]c-kv]cw ImWn-p
Imcp-Wyhpw Zb-bp-sa-mw AXns]Sp-p. \psS ico-c
- nse Htcm
Ah-b-h--fn-eqsS \ma-\p-`-hn-p kpJm-\p-`-h--sfmw B Hcp
iX-am\w Imcp-Wy-ns `mK-am-sWpw \mw a\-n-em-W
- w. _mn
sXmqn HXp iX-am\w ImcpWyw ]c-tem-Iv Am-lp-hns
k-cn-X-cmb ASn-a-Iv \Im-\mbn Ah Hcp-n hn-cn-p-Ibm-Wv. Ahs A\p-{K-l-am-Ip ]mcm-hm-c-n apn--fn-p-IbmWv Htcm \nan-j-nepw \msav t_m[y-s-m ta {]mY\
\mw kzta-[bm Dcp-hn-p-t]m-Ipw. Amlp Ahs kzmen-lmb ASna-I-fn \s Ds-Sp--s. {]hm-N-I-m, kXy-k-, c-kmn-I, ]pWy-hm-m Fn-hc
- p-ambn kzK-n Ip-ap-m Ah
\s A\p-{K-ln--s.

657