Second, click on cell B11 to see the SUM function in the formula bar.
Second, to see the formulas on the summary worksheet, select the Options command from the Tools menu.
For example, cell B6 on the Summary worksheet contains a reference to the cell on the detail worksheet that contains the sum function totaling the different tax items
After selecting the Options command from the Tools menu, clear the Formulas checkbox and click on the OK button.
Second, select row 29 as the row below where we want to locate the split.
In the upper pane, scroll down so that row 42 is the top row in the pane.
The cells for Total Expenditures in the tax calculation section of the worksheet (yellow cells) contain references to the total expenditures in the budget summary (blue cells). This is done so that a change in the expenditure categories also impacts the calculation of the tax rates.
To remove the splitter bar from the worksheet, select the Remove Split command from the Window menu. When we have issued the command, the splitter bar will disappear.
Second, in the general expense category, the city council reduced the administrative request for city office buildings from $162,679 to $91,757. The $91,757 was part of the $2,618,151 total recommended in the 1997-98 Council budget.
First, change the expenditure for the municipal building in the city council's budget in cell D16 so that it equals the amount in the 199798 Department budget in cell B16. Enter the formula =B16 in cell D16.
Second, the immediate impact is an increase in the Total for general government expenditures from $2,618,151 to $2,689,073 in cell D22.
First, on the summary worksheet, the total for General Government in the 1997-98 Council increases to $2,689,073 in cell D36 to match the total on the General Government worksheet.
Second, this increase is reflected in the increase to $32,144, 925 in cell D45 for Total Expenditures.
What If Analysis, Slide 16 Copyright 2004, Jim Schwab, University of Texas at Austin
With no increase in taxable property, an increase in expenditures increases the tax rate from $20.00 to $20.02. While an 8 cent increase in tax per $1,000 of valuation is not large fiscally, it could be large politically
We can make the task to tracking dependents simpler if we activate the auditing toolbar. This will eliminate the need to access submenus each time we want to track the next dependent. To activate the Auditing toolbar, we select the Formula Auditing > Show Formula Auditing Toolbar from the Tools menu.
First, navigate to the General Government Exp. Worksheet which contains spending projections for municipal buildings.
Second, highlight cell D16 which contains the city council's initial allocation for municipal buildings, and enter the original amount, $91,757, entered for the 1997-98 Council budget.
Second, the round dot marks the source cell of the dependency relationship. For the first dependency relationship, this cell will always contain a value, not a formula. A cell marked with a dot is also referred to as a precedent cell for the dependent cell marked with the arrow head.
Third, the arrow end shows the first dependent cell. Dependent cells will always contain formulas that have the source cell as an input.
This time the auditing tool show an arrow with a dashed line pointing to a worksheet icon. This is the auditing tool's message that the next dependent relationship in the chain is located on a different worksheet
To navigate to the worksheet containing the dependent relationship, we double click on the arrow head pointing to the worksheet icon.
First, click on the Trace Dependents tool button until there are no additional dependent relationships (6 times). Each time you click on the tool button, Excel displays one additional relationship. Note that many cells in the chain have both a blue dot and a blue arrow, indicating that they are simultaneously a source for some cell and a dependent of another cell.
Second, highlight a cell with an arrow head in it, e.g., D45, and examine the contents of the formula bar.
Third, we see in the formula bar that the source cell for this relationship (D36) is included in the range of cells (D36:D44) summed in the dependent cell D45.
What If Analysis, Slide 26 Copyright 2004, Jim Schwab, University of Texas at Austin
As we track through the chain of blue arrows, we will eventually reach a cell that contains a dependency arrow head, but no source dot. This arrow head marks the end of the path for one of the chains. There are no additional dependency relationships for this cell.
There is an additional terminal cell in the chain of dependent relationships linking back to spending on municipal buildings. Recall, when we set up the worksheet, that we linked Property Taxes in the Revenue section of the budget to the amount of property tax required in the tax collection section of the budget. Excel has tracked this linkage though it is difficult to see because the blue shafts of the connecting arrows overlays the arrows leading to the tax rate cell. However, if we look carefully, we can see an arrow head in cell D28, which links the calculated amount for property taxes in cell D59. Cell D28 is, in turn, a precedent cell for cell D30, which is the second terminal cell in our chain of dependencies.
This only clears the arrows from the active worksheet. If we want to clear the arrows from other worksheets, we must navigate to that worksheet before using he Remove All Arrows tool.
When we have removed the blue arrows, close the Formula Auditing tool bar.
We can try to find a solution by trial and error. We change the contents of cell D64 from $916,000,000 to $920,000,000. This reduced the tax rate from $20.00 to $19.91, falling short of the goal.
Next, we increase cell D64 to $925,000,000. Again the tax rate decreases somewhat, but falls short of the goal.
Trial and error could take a long time, so we decide to use Excel's Goal Seek tool.
First, in the Goal Seek dialog, we enter the cell whose value we want to set, D66.
Third, we tell Excel which cell to change to meet our objective, cell D64.
Second, Goal Seek returns the Goal Seek Status dialog box to inform us that it has found a solution. We click on the OK button to accept the solution.
First, Goal Seek computes the changed value and enters it into the designated cell. Taxable Valuations would have to increase to $927,613,554 to reduce the Tax Rate to 19.75. The council can debate the political feasibility of the solution.
Impressed with Goal Seek's ability to answer the question, another council member asks it to compute what decrease in total expenditures in cell D54 would be required to reduce the Tax Rate to 19.75, keeping the Taxable Valuation at $916,000,000.
First, we change the value in cell D64 back to its original value, $916,000,000.
First, in the Goal Seek dialog, we enter the cell whose value we want to set, D66; the value we want this cell to contain, 19.75; and which cell to change to meet our objective, cell D54.
When we click on the OK button to complete this action, Excel informs us that cell D54 must contain a value instead of the formula which it now contains.
First, with cell D54 highlighted, we select the Copy command from the Edit menu to copy the cells contents to the clipboard
Second, with cell D54 still highlighted, we select Values from the drop down menu for the Paste tool button. Cell D54 now contains value 32,074,003.
What If Analysis, Slide 40 Copyright 2004, Jim Schwab, University of Texas at Austin
Complete the Goal Seek dialog box with the changed value
First, in the Goal Seek dialog, we enter the cell whose value we want to set, D66; the value we want this cell to contain, 19.75; and which cell to change to meet our objective, cell D54.
Second, Goal Seek returns the Goal Seek Status dialog box to warn us that it may not have found a solution. The solution is so far off that is obviously an error, as Excel suspects. We should click on the Cancel button to reject the solution.
First, Goal Seek computes a solution and enters it into the designated cell.
Goal Seek works well for relationships involving two cells, when the cell for which we want to set the value contains a formula and the cell whose value we want Excel to change contains a value. When our problem meets these requirements, Goal Seek is a useful tool. When our problem does not meet these requirements, we revert to Trial and Error solutions.