Tidak ada perbaikan nilai Tidak ada ujian susulan Kecurangan tidak ditoleransi
Daftar Pustaka
1. Turner et al., Introduction to Industrial And System Engineering, 3 ed., Prentice Hall, 1993. 2. Hicks, Introduction to Industrial Engineering and Management: a New Perspective, 2nd ed., Mc. Graw Hill Inc., 1994 3. Emerson & Naehring, Origins of Industrial Engineering, Institute of Industrial Engineers, 1988 4. Salvendy, Gavriel (Ed.). (2001). Handbook of Industrial Engineering: Technology and Operations Management. New York. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 5. Zandin, Kjell, & Maynard, Harold (Eds.). (2001). Maynard's Industrial Engineering Handbook (5th ed.), McGraw-Hill Professional.
Kerangka Dasar TI
1. Definisi Teknik industri 2. Perbedaan TI dengan bidang teknik lain dan sains 3. Sejarah dan Perkembangan TI
Scientific Management: Sistem Manusia-Mesin Administration & behavior Management: Human-Organization Management Science: Optimization & Modeling Systemic & Integrated: Integrated System Global Approach: Information Era
4. Tugas 1:
Diberikan saat pertemuan 1 Rentang: 1 minggu Perkembangan Teknik Industri
Industrial engineering is concerned with the design, improvement and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design, to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems
Institute of Industrial Engineer, 1996
Environment
Material
Energy
Material
Integrated System
Energy
Integrated System
Information
Equipment
Information Facilities
1996 - Sekarang
Masa Depan?
Engineering
Science
Industrial Engineering
Science
Object Phenomena Output Performance Validity Start Profession Natural Systems Deterministic Theory/Knowledge Truth Absolute Curiosity Scientist
Engineering
Artificial Systems Det/Probabilistic Product/Service Benefit Relative Need/Problem Engineer
Industrial Engineering
Integrated Systems Prob/Uncertainty Value Added Efficiency Contextual Need/Problem Industrial Engineer
Statistics
Electrical Engineering
Mathematics
Physics
Civil Engineering
Military Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Psychology and Sociology
Early Industrial Engineering (Scientific Management) Productivity Science Early Management Philosophy
Industrial Engineering
Ergonomics
Manufacturing Engineering
Chemistry
Economics
Chemical Engineering
Dimodifikasi dari Bahagi@
Work Station
Shop Floor
Productivity, Efficiency
Quality, Cost, Delivery, Time ROI, IRR, etc.
Company
Industrial System
Quality, Welfare
Piece Work
Layout SQC
CIM
1494
1750
1890
1900 1915
World War I
1929
Depres sion
1941
World War II
1958
Space Age
1980
1990
2000
Industrial Revolution
IE Thought
Scientific Management Adm & Behavior Management Management Science Systemic & Integrated
Man-Machine System
Integrated System
End of 18 Century
End of 18 Century
Beginning of 20 Century
Mid of 20 Century
Work Station
Shop Floor
Productivity, Efficiency
Quality, Cost, Delivery, Time ROI, IRR, etc.
Company
Industrial System
Quality, Welfare
Carl BARTH
TAYLORs associate at Midvale Steel A mathematician Developed Slide Rules
Henry L GANTT
TAYLORs associate GANNT Chart:Scheduling Production of Equipment Wage Incentive Plan in 1901
23
Herrington EMERSON
Used TAYLORs approach in analyzing labor effort in the Santa Fe Railroad System, give annual saving $ 1million per year Wrote a book: Twelve Principle of Efficiency
Morris L. COOKE
Employed Scientific Management on the city government. In Cooperation with Phillips MURRAY published: Organized Labor and Production
Dwight V. MERRICK
Performed a Study of Elemental Times Developed a Wage Incentive Plan
HARTHORNE WORK
Study of human performance at Western Electric Co. Relationship between illumination and Productivity There was no difference in productivity between Controlled and Uncontrolled Group
HARTHORNE Effect
Early Modernist
Further Development of TAYLOR Philosophical Concept and Scope
F.W HARRIS W.A SHEWHART GRANT & IRESON BARNES, NIEBEL & MUNDEL MUTTER & APPLE
F.W HARRIS
Used Mathematical Model To Solve Inventory Problem Introducing Optimization Method
Wilson Formula
W.A SHEWHART
Used Statistical Principle to Control the Quality
Introduce Control Chart Published the first text on Statistical Quality Control in 1931 Eugene GRANT of Stanford in 1946 a Publish a Text on QC
Tools
Operation Process Chart Flow Process Chart Left hand-Right hand Chart Flow Diagram Multiple Activity Chart Gantt Chart
Daftar Pustaka
Philip E. Hicks. Industrial Engineering and Management: A New Perspective. 1994. McGraw-Hill. Daniel A. Wren, Arthur G. Bedeian , John D. Breeze. The foundations of Henri Fayols administrative theory, Management Decision Journal, 40/9, 2002, 906-918 Carl A. Rodrigues, Fayols 14 Principles of management then and now : a framework for managing todays organization effectively, Management Decision, 2001, 880
ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT
Para Tokoh
Para tokoh yang memiliki jasa besar terhadap perkembangan keilmuan manajemen ini antara lan Henry Fayol, Hugo Munster, Elton Mayo, Mary P. Follet, Oliver Sheldon, Chester Barnard, Kurt Lewin, Abraham Maslow serta Douglas McGregor.
Finansial
Teknik
Aktivitas Organisasi
Akuntansi
Security
Stock taking
Commercial
37
HUMAN RELATIONS
Elton Mayo
Melakukan eksperimen Hawthorne
Hubungan ???
faktor-
Upah
Kondisi Kerja
Chaster Barnard
Tokoh lainnya adalah Chaster Barnard, dalam bukunya The Function of The Executive (1938) mengatakan bahwa organisasi merupakan sistem kegiatan yang diarahkan pada
bawahan akan menerima perintah hanya bila dia memahami dan mampu serta berkeinginan untuk mencapainya.
Selain itu juga Barnard adalah pelopor penggunaan pendekatan sistem.
Hugo Munsterberg
Dikenal sebagai pionir psikologi industri dan efisiensi
Pencapaian Tujuan Produktivitas
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Manusia
Komponen sistem integral yang berakal Memiliki kehendak Perilaku sulit diduga
Pandangan manajemen lama: manusia bekerja hanya bermotif ekonomi
Kurt Lewin
Teori Force Field A Dynamic Theory of Personality (1935)
Founder psikologi sosial dengan teori force field dan Force Field Analysis. Perilaku dibentuk oleh nature dan nurture, bukan hanya oleh nature atau nurture saja. Lewins equation B = f(P,E) P = Perceptions of the self E = Environment
HELPING Forces
HINDERING
Forces
Abraham Maslow
Teori Hierarchy of Needs Publikasi Motivation and Personality (1954)
Pandangan lama: kenaikan upah sebesar $0,05/jam akan menyelesaikan masalah pekerja
Esteem
Love & Belongingness
Safety Physiological
Abraham Maslow
Manusia akan memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya beranjak dari dasar piramida ke puncak piramida. Tingkat lebih bawah lebih banyak dipenuhi daripada tingkat berikutnya. Sebuah kebutuhan yang sudah dipenuhi tidak lagi mendesak.
Hygiene (Dissatisfiers) Faktor yang ketiadaannya menyebabkan ketidakpuasan kerja Company policy & adm Supervision Work condition Gaji Relationship
Meminimalkan Dissatisfiers
Efektivitas Satisfiers
Douglas McGregor
Teori X dan Teori Y The Human Side of Enterprises (1960)
Douglas McGregor
Teori Y Manajemen lebih longgar, tidak opresif dan pekerja lebih leluasa. Hendaknya tidak dimaknai lepasnya manajemen dari tanggung jawab terhadap lantai kerja. Menjadi sarana pencapaian self-actualization Manajemen partisipatif
Douglas McGregor
Arahan dan pengendalian berkontribusi terbatas dalam memotivasi manusia yang kebutuhan penting bagi mereka adalah kebutuhan sosial dan egoistic. Para pekerja, ketika tidak mendapatkan kesempatan untuk mencapai kepuasan kerja sementara mereka memiliki kebutuhan yang penting menurut mereka, maka mereka akan berperilaku sebagaimana yang kami duga, yaitu malas, bersikap pasif, enggan menerima tanggung jawab, susah berubah ... dan menuntut keuntungan ekonomis yang tidak masuk akal
Mengapa Muncul?
Due to Limited Resources (World War II)
Using Mathematical and Statistical Approach to Solve the Real Problem to Obtained Solution
Implementation
Problem Formulaton
Model Analysis
Model Formulation
Component of Model
Performance Criteria (Profit/week Decision Variables Number of jackets produced/week Number of slack produced/week Constraints Material : 50 m2/week Sewing : 36 manhours/week Parameter Jacket Profit 10 Usage of material 2 Sewing requirement 4 (manhour/unit) Logical Relationship (Linier) z) x1 x2
What Scope IE Do ?
Integrated System Industrial System (Manufacturing System)
+
Natural System and/or Artificial System
Schematic Representation
Environment Boundary
Man
Machine
Input
Mat
Out-put
Feed-back
: Interaction