SI- 5141 Perencanaan & Pemodelan Transportasi SJ-5122 Perencanaan Transportasi & Pengembangan

Review Transportation Network Modeling

Harun al-Rasyid LUBIS http://personal.ftsl.itb.ac.id/halubis/

Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan ITB

Review : Model Transport 4 Tahap

Tata Guna Lahan dan Karakteristik Sosio Ekonomi Sistem Zona Jaringan Transportasi

Trip Generation

Trip Distribution

Modal Split

Trip Assignment

Volume Lalu Lintas 11/11/2010 2

Traffic (Trip) Assignment

Trip Generation Trip Distribution Transit Estimation & Mode Split Time-of-Day & Directional Factoring
Transit Person Trip Table (O&D) Vehicle Trip Table (O&D)

Network modeling

Trip Assignment
Loaded Transit Network Loaded Highway Network

Review

Tujuan /Destination (D) Asal /Origin (O)

Perjalanan/Trip
Perjalanan /Trip (t)

Bangkitan seluruh perjalanan dari zona asal (O)

D5 20 % O 25 % 10 % D1

D4

30 %
15 %

Distribusi seluruh perjalanan dari zona asal (O) ke semua zona tujuan (D)

D3 Tujuan /Destination (D1)

D2

Mobil Pribadi

25%

Kendaraan Umum 20% Motor Tak Bermotor 30% 15% 10%

Pemilihan/pemisahan perjalanan menurut jenis moda dari zona asal (O) ke zona tujuan (D1)

Asal /Origin (O)

Jalan Kaki

Tujuan /Destination (D1)

11/11/2010

Asal /Origin (O)

Pembebanan perjalanan menurut jenis moda kepada rute-rute (jaringan) diantara pasangan zona asal (O) dan zona tujuan (D) utk public dan private transport

Terminology
Network, node and links (arcs) Highway/trip assignment Transit trip assignment All-or-nothing assignment Equilibrium assignment
Path finding Impedance Waiting time Access time

Cost-flow or volumedelay function Free-flow speed Free-flow travel time Generalized cost

Path loading Level of service Capacity restraint

MODELING & SAMPLING in Transport

11/11/2010

11/11/2010

Asumsi Dasar Model Transport

Pola interaksi dan perilaku Memaksimalkan utilitas Kesetimbangan (equilibrium) Agregasi

11/11/2010

Interaksi Transport Tata Guna Lahan

Pemilihan Moda Pemilihan Rute Pemilihan Tujuan Volume di Ruas Jalan Keputusan Melakukan Perjalanan

Waktu Tempuh/ Jarak/Biaya

Kepemilikan Kendaraan

TRANSPORTASI

Aksesibilitas
GUNA LAHAN

Aktifitas

Daya Tarik Lahan

Penempatan Lahan

Pemilihan Lahan oleh Investor

Pemilihan Lahan oleh Pengguna

Pembangunan

11/11/2010

10

Tata ruang dan transportasi

RUANG

ilitas

AKTIVITAS

akse si b

an t ba m Ha

ng a ru
itas s a p Ka

POTENSI PERGERAKAN

SISTEM TRANSPORTASI

PERFORMANCE INDICATOR

Direpresentasikan oleh: 1. Jaringan transportasi a. Prasarana b. Sarana 2. Pengaturan

Proses Pemodelan Transport

Base year data
Predicted data

Spesifikasi Model

Variabel model

Implementasi Model

Out put model

Kalibrasi Model

Best fit model

Analisis

Struktur model

Validasi Model

Validation data

11/11/2010

12

Validation and Reasonableness Checks

Estimation

Calibration

Validation

Application

11/11/2010

13

Total Boardings by Sub-Mode Durham Bus York Bus Peel Bus Halton Bus HSR Bus GO Bus GO Rail TTC Bus TTC Prem Bus TTC Subway TTC Streetcar Overall

OBS 7499 7111 38497 4536 15982 7172 13659 282084 672 254060 47097 678369

PRED 7164 7280 40217 4990 16337 7353 13735 260041 101 235691 47097 640006

RMSE 126.1891 143.0784 332.7368 81.51716 292.8422 399.3889 645.6756 1038.175 176.9569 9103.319 1201.121 1036.107

RMS% 1.68% 2.01% 0.86% 1.80% 1.83% 5.57% 4.73% 0.37% 26.33% 3.58% 2.55% 0.15%

Transit Assignment Results 2001 Base Case

Observed vs Predicted Transit Line Boardings
14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 2000 4000 6000 Observed 8000 10000 12000 PRED

Final parameter settings with embedded transit fares seem to be providing good assignment of transit trips to lines and sub-modes.

Predicted

Acceptable Ranges of Error

11/11/2010

15

The Number of Boarding and Alighting in Tehran Transit Stops in Morning Peak Hour, 2003

Sistem Zona (kecamatan) contoh : Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit System Study

Zona Internal

222 231 233 236 232 237 235 238 217 234 211

224 226 223 212 213 215 216 242 241 245 253 257 214 251 218 256 227 225

271

246

243

248

258 254

Zona Eksternal

247

244

249

255 259

261

11/11/2010

17

Greater Bandung Metropolitan Public Transport Zoning

13 Zones based on Density

North BMA (Cimahi +Bandung Barat) Sumedang
1 = Kota Cimahi 2 = Kota Bandung 2 3 = Kota Bandung 3 4 = Kota Bandung 4 5 = Kota Bandung 5 6 = Kota Bandung 6 7 = Kota Bandung 7

2 5

3 6

4 7 South East Bandung

South West Bandung

South West BMA

South East BMA

Greater Bandung Metropolitan Public Transport Socio-economic Analysis

Population and GDP by Zones in BMA (2006)

No. Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zone7 Zone 8 Zone 9 Zone10 Zone 11 Zone 12 Zone 13 Description Kota Bandung 1 Kota Bandung 2 Kota Bandung 3 Kota Bandung 4 Kota Bandung 6 Kota Bandung 5 North BMA South West BMA South East BMA South East Bandung South West Bandung Cimahi NW Bandung Special Zone Sumedang Population in 1,000 375 475 263 18 234 525 307 950 1.105 545 800 710 520 235 13 15 13 15 15 16 9 GDP per capita in Mio Rs

Greater Bandung Metropolitan Public Transport

Methodology of the Analysis of Traffic Pattern in BMA (1)

Zone z
Zone x Zone y

Traffic Volume Commuter Rail Toll Road Bus Line

Each Zone is trips Generator and attractor

SPESIFIKASI JARINGAN

DI PERSIMPANGAN

Coding jaringan di persimpangan

Rail Station Micro-coding

Rail platform node MetroRail

Time= ~2 min

Time= ~1 min

PNR
Time= ~2 min

Time= ~1 min

KNR

Time= ~0.5 min

Streets

Bus platform node

Escalator Link Source: AECOM Consult

25 December 12, 2006

Access Connectors
Florida Model Task Force Corradino

Trip Assignment Methods

All-or-nothing assignment
Equilibrium assignment (approximation!) Stochastic assignment

APPLICATIONS:

Road assignment
Transit assignment (for public transport)

Trip Assignment Path Selection

11/11/2010

28

Trip Assignment
Objectives: Explain the concept of an all-or-nothing assignment Explain the concept of an equilibrium assignment Mathematical formulation & finding solution + algorithm

Identify the cost-flow or delay-flow function

Inputs and Outputs

Inputs O&D trip table

Coded network

Outputs Link flows as per coded network Link travel times/speeds VMT Vehicle hours of travel

All-or-Nothing Assignment
Step 1: Find Shortest route between the TAZs Advantages Simple Inexpensive Results easy to understand Disadvantages Assumes all traffic will travel on shortest path Creates unrealistic flow patterns
Step 2: Assign all trips to links compromising shortest route

Step 3: Continue until trips between all TAZ pairs have been assigned

(7) (8) (9)

67 24 9

These results From this specification

Logit model

Can set Ui = -tti Can set Ui = 1/tti, but if you do, will need a calibration coefficient

Capacity Restraint
Volume-delay relationship Average travel speed decreases with increased flow (volume) Average travel time increases as the volume-to-capacity ratio on a link increases The Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) formula, used as default in most model packages shows this relationship:

Travel time depends on the loading, but the loading depends on the travel time its an iterative process