Claro M. Recto
The growing and deepening consciousness that we are a distinct people with our own character and spirit, our own customs and traditions, our own ideals, our own way of thinking, our own way of life.
A firm belief in the genius of our race and in the capacity of the people for advancement toward the attainment of their destiny. A Filipino cannot call himself a nationalist unless he is one with his peoples history and has enshrined in his heart the precepts and examples of our heroes and martyrs.
PAJARILLO
Nationalism is nourished by a sense of history. It is of its essence to know profoundly the past, so that we may be in complete oneness with the men who made that history and in intimate communion with their thoughts, their deeds, and their noble lives.
They both advocated independence and separation from a foreign state/ ruler.
Positive Nationalism
The subordination of local and regional loyalties to a higher one, the national loyalty. That theory presumes a lack of national unity which it seeks to create by expanding provincial loyalties to one of national scope. It does not seek to overthrow foreign control in all fields of national existence.
Political independence does not necessarily guarantee those national objectives, but it is a pre-requisite for the attainment of these objectives. The true essence of Nationalism is the fullest Political and Economic Independence.
We must relive our historic past, not precisely the remote era our Malayan ancestors, but its revolutionary period with its fervent, unrequited propaganda and its glorious climax on the battlefield.
My concept of Nationalism has no trace of chauvinism. I respect the legal rights of established foreign firms. I welcome foreign interests as long as they contribute to the welfare of our country, increase the per capita income of the Filipinos, and do not attempt to influence government policy for selfish ends.
Claro M. Recto
Alien economic interests trying hard to oppose and sabotage the nationalist movement. Only AN ADMINISTRATION which shall have nationalism as the unifying factor and basis of its social, political and economic policies can solve the grave, manifold problems which afflict our country today.
CASTILLO
THE EVILS OF LACK OF NATIONALISM Since our lack of nationalism has prevented us from using our resources in the most effective way and primarily for our own benefit, we are today a poor nation beset by problems of unemployment, low per capita income and underproduction.
ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE
For our country today, industrialization and nationalism are twin goals. Indeed, they are two sides of the same coin. Nationalism cannot be realized and brought to full flowering without a thorough-going industrialization of our economy by the Filipinos themselves. And you can not have an industrialized Philippine economy controlled and managed by Filipinos without the propulsive force of a deep and abiding spirit of nationalism.
ECONOMIC NATIONALISM
Only economic nationalism will enable us to achieve basic and lasting solutions to our problems of mass poverty, unemployment, underproduction, etc. Economic nationalism means the control of the resources of the Philippines so that they may be utilized primarily in the interest of the Filipinos.
-We should, therefore, oppose the maintenance here of a rural economy and the adoption of any policy or program that tends to perpetuate it. (concentrate less on agriculture and not regards it as the main basis of our national economy) -Economic progress requires the shifting of the major part of the people from the land to industrial pursuits.
-Main Objective is to increased in production, which can only be attained if industrialization is given top priority in our economic planning.
LAGONSIN
The clues to a correct and clear understanding of what industrialism means are:
(1) the circumstance that the finished products consumed are of local manufacture and the conveniences enjoyed are also locally produced, and in factories and plants predominantly owned by the citizens themselves. (2) the fact that most of the people, not just a minority enjoy these finished products and modern conveniences of life.
The clues to a correct and clear understanding of what industrialism means are:
(1) the circumstance that the finished products consumed are of local manufacture and the conveniences enjoyed are also locally produced, and in factories and plants predominantly owned by the citizens themselves. (2) the fact that most of the people, not just a minority enjoy these finished products and modern conveniences of life.
Agricultural Economy
is an economy where the major, though not the exclusive, economic efforts of a nation, in terms of labor and investments, are directed to agriculture and other extractive pursuits. In such an economy, there are also a few manufacturing and service industries, but these constitute only the minor part and are mere adjuncts of the main economy.
Industrial Economy
on the other hand, the case is the other way around. While there must necessarily be extractive production, the major, though again not exclusive, economic efforts of the nation are directed to manufacturing. In both, all the various sectors of production are therefore present, but they differ in the proportion of economic efforts directed to the extraction of raw materials and to the processing of these raw materials into finished products.
An industrial nation is a prosperous and, hence, a strong and dominant nation; while an agricultural nation is a poor and, consequently, a weak and dependent nation.
-not merely the industrialization of the Philippines in a territorial sense. -We are Rich.... And if we leave it to others because we believe that we cannot refuse their insistence on a joint economic program which can only mean a program geared to their own national interest, then indeed our task of seeking prosperity and strength for our country and people is futile. -I advocate an industrialization which would include heavy industry and from which would emanate progress in all directions, including the agricultural sectors of our country. -industrialization is and should be the starting point of our progress and development....
Parity Rights
Parity Rights are referring to the Philippine Trade Act of 1946. It was an act passed by the U.S. Congress, specifying the economic conditions of the Republic of the Philippines from our rule. The act included provisions that tied our economy to the Philippines. It gave the U.S. parity rights, or permission to use their natural resources. Many of us believe that we are "independent." We are often complimented by our big "partner" in the "special relationship" that we are independent. But he behaves and acts towards us in a manner that indicates quite the contrary. he imposed upon us ten years ago the Bell Trade Act-1946, together with "Parity".
But the foreign capital we need is for the purchase of capital goods which we cannot produce or manufacture locally. Foreign capital in excess of what is necessary to meet this particular need will do us more harm than good.
foreign loans should be preferred to foreign direct investments. Our opposition to foreign direct investments is not, I repeat, the result of a purely emotional nationalism.
We remain, in the end, poor and underdeveloped. When foreign investors send home their income, capital, and savings, then we shall be back where we were before they were "attracted," perhaps in a worse condition, where we might even have to beg the foreign investors to keep their investments in the Philippines not to enrich us but just to be able to give some employment to our laboring class.
The "Filipino First" policy stands against any form of dominance whether by communists, by fellow Asians or by western powers.
Recto strongly differentiates between "Philippines First" policy and "Filipino First" policy. In the first policy slogan, the GNP or other econometric/statistical data for the Philippines as a territory may be great but mostly benefiting foreigners, while the native Filipino majority (common tao) still continue to be mired in dire poverty; In the latter slogan, the "Filipino First" policy was designed to alter this historical/perennially distorted economic conditions and results and instead, to make the native Filipino majority the controller of and main beneficiaries of the national wealth.