Gas

Oxygen

Ratio compared to Dry

Air (%)
By volume By weight

Molecular
Mass
-M(kg/kmol)

Chemical
Symbol

Boiling Point
(K)
( o C)

20.95

23.2

32

O2

90.2

-182.95

Nitrogen

78.09

75.47

28.02

N2

77.4

-195.79

Carbon
Dioxide

0.03

0.046

44.01

CO2

194.7

-78.5

Hydrogen

0.00005

~0

2.02

H2

20.3

-252.87

Argon

0.933

1.28

39.94

Ar

84.2

-186

Neon

0.0018

0.0012

20.18

Ne

27.2

-246

Helium

0.0005

0.00007

He

4.2

-269

Krypton

0.0001

0.0003

83.8

Kr

119.8

-153.4

0.00004

131.29

Xe

165.1

-108.1

Xenon

9 10

-6

STP
Temperature
Pressure

273.15 K
1013 mbar

0.00
101.3

specific heat at constant pressure

cp

1005

J kg-1 K-1

specific heat at constant volume

ratio of specific heats

cv

718
1.4

J kg-1 K-1

density at 273K, 1013mbar

1.293

kg m-3

viscosity at STP

1.7310-5

kg m-1s-1

kinematic viscosity at STP

= /0

1.3410-5

thermal conductivity at STP

2.4010-2

Wm-2K-1

gas constant for dry air

287.05

J kg-1K-2

2 -1

ms

C
kPa

32 F
14.69 psi

Temperature

Density

Specific
heat
capacity

-t -

--

- cp -

-l -

- -

( o C)

(kg/m 3 )

(kJ/kg K)

(W/m K)

(m 2 /s)

-150

2.793

1.026

0.0116

3.0800E-06

-100

1.98

1.009

0.016

5.9500E-06

-50

1.534

1.005

0.0204

9.5500E-06

1.293

1.005

0.0243

1.3300E-05

20

1.205

1.005

0.0257

1.5110E-05

40

1.127

1.005

0.0271

1.6970E-05

60

1.067

1.009

0.0285

1.8900E-05

80

1.009

0.0299

2.0940E-05

100

0.946

1.009

0.0314

2.3060E-05

120

0.898

1.013

0.0328

2.5230E-05

140

0.854

1.013

0.0343

2.7550E-05

160

0.815

1.017

0.0358

2.9850E-05

180

0.779

1.022

0.0372

3.2290E-05

200

0.746

1.026

0.0386

3.4630E-05

250

0.675

1.034

0.0421

4.1170E-05

300

0.616

1.047

0.0454

4.7850E-05

350

0.566

1.055

0.0485

5.5050E-05

400

0.524

1.068

0.0515

6.2530E-05

Thermal
conductivity

Kinematic
viscosity

1 N s/m 2 = 1 Pa s = 1 kg/m s= 10 poise

1 m 2 /s = 1 x 10 4 cm 2 /s =1 x 10

Dynamic Viscosity

Expansion
coefficient

Prandtl's
number

-b-

- Pr -

(kg/m sec)

(1/K) x 10 -3

8.6024E-06

8.21

0.76

1.1781E-05

5.82

0.74

1.4650E-05

4.51

0.725

1.7197E-05

3.67

0.715

1.8208E-05

3.43

0.713

1.9125E-05

3.2

0.711

2.0166E-05

0.709

2.0940E-05

2.83

0.708

2.1815E-05

2.68

0.703

2.2657E-05

2.55

0.7

2.3528E-05

2.43

0.695

2.4328E-05

2.32

0.69

2.5154E-05

2.21

0.69

2.5834E-05

2.11

0.685

2.7790E-05

1.91

0.68

2.9476E-05

1.75

0.68

3.1158E-05

1.61

0.68

3.2766E-05

1.49

1 N s/m 2 = 1 Pa s = 1 kg/m s= 10 poise = 1,000 milliPa s

1 m 2 /s = 1 x 10 4 cm 2 /s =1 x 10 4 stokes = 1 x 10 6 centistokes

Temperature

Density

Kinematic
viscosity

-t -

--

- -

(slugs/ft )

(ft 2 /s)

-238

0.005419314

3.0800E-06

-148

0.003841834

3.0800E-06

-58

0.002976451

3.0800E-06

32

0.002508834

3.0800E-06

oF

68

0.002338086

3.0800E-06

104

0.002186741

3.0800E-06

140

0.002070321

3.0800E-06

176

0.00194032

3.0800E-06

212

0.001835543

3.0800E-06

248

0.001742407

3.0800E-06

284

0.001657033

3.0800E-06

320

0.001581361

3.0800E-06

356

0.001511509

3.0800E-06

392

0.001447479

3.0800E-06

482

0.001309716

3.0800E-06

572

0.001195237

3.0800E-06

662

0.001098221

3.0800E-06

752

0.001016728

3.0800E-06

Dynamic
Viscosity

Prandtl's
number

- Pr -

lb/ft^2 sec

1.7967E-07

0.76

2.4605E-07

0.74

3.0596E-07

0.725

3.5916E-07

0.715

3.8027E-07

0.713

3.9944E-07

0.711

4.2118E-07

0.709

4.3734E-07

0.708

4.5561E-07

0.703

4.7319E-07

0.7

4.9139E-07

0.695

5.0809E-07

0.69

5.2535E-07

0.69

5.3955E-07

0.685

5.8040E-07

0.68

6.1561E-07

0.68

6.5075E-07

0.68

6.8433E-07

0.76

alt is altitude in kilometers.

sigma is density divided by sea-level density.
delta is pressure divided by sea-level pressure.
theta is temperature divided by sea-level temperature.
temp is temperature in kelvins.
press is pressure in newtons per square meter.
dens is density in kilograms per cubic meter.
a is the speed of sound in meters per second.
visc is viscosity in 10**(-6) kilograms per meter-second.
k.visc is kinematic viscosity in square meters per second.
alt

sigma

delta

theta

km
-2 1.21E+00 1.26E+00
0 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60

8.22E-01
6.69E-01
5.39E-01
4.29E-01
3.38E-01
2.55E-01
1.86E-01
1.36E-01
9.93E-02
7.26E-02
5.27E-02
3.83E-02
2.80E-02
2.05E-02
1.50E-02
1.11E-02
8.07E-03
5.92E-03
4.38E-03
3.26E-03
2.44E-03
1.84E-03
1.40E-03
1.07E-03
8.38E-04
6.58E-04
5.22E-04
4.12E-04
3.23E-04
2.53E-04

7.85E-01
6.09E-01
4.66E-01
3.52E-01
2.62E-01
1.91E-01
1.40E-01
1.02E-01
7.47E-02
5.46E-02
3.99E-02
2.93E-02
2.16E-02
1.60E-02
1.18E-02
8.77E-03
6.55E-03
4.92E-03
3.72E-03
2.83E-03
2.17E-03
1.67E-03
1.30E-03
1.01E-03
7.87E-04
6.14E-04
4.77E-04
3.69E-04
2.83E-04
2.17E-04

1.0451
1
0.9549
0.9098
0.8648
0.8198
0.7748
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7585
0.7654
0.7723
0.7792
0.7861
0.793
0.8112
0.8304
0.8496
0.8688
0.888
0.9072
0.9263
0.9393
0.9393
0.9336
0.9145
0.8954
0.8763
0.8573

temp
K
301.2
288.1
275.2
262.2
249.2
236.2
223.3
216.6
216.6
216.6
216.6
216.6
218.6
220.6
222.5
224.5
226.5
228.5
233.7
239.3
244.8
250.4
255.9
261.4
266.9
270.6
270.6
269
263.5
258
252.5
247

press
N/sq.m
1.28E+05
1.01E+05
7.95E+04
6.17E+04
4.72E+04
3.57E+04
2.65E+04
1.94E+04
1.42E+04
1.04E+04
7.57E+03
5.53E+03
4.05E+03
2.97E+03
2.19E+03
1.62E+03
1.20E+03
8.89E+02
6.63E+02
4.99E+02
3.77E+02
2.87E+02
2.20E+02
1.70E+02
1.31E+02
1.02E+02
7.98E+01
6.22E+01
4.83E+01
3.74E+01
2.87E+01
2.20E+01

dens
a
kg/cu.m m/s
1.48E+00
1.23E+00
1.01E+00
8.19E-01
6.60E-01
5.26E-01
4.14E-01
3.12E-01
2.28E-01
1.67E-01
1.22E-01
8.89E-02
6.45E-02
4.69E-02
3.43E-02
2.51E-02
1.84E-02
1.36E-02
9.89E-03
7.26E-03
5.37E-03
4.00E-03
3.00E-03
2.26E-03
1.71E-03
1.32E-03
1.03E-03
8.06E-04
6.39E-04
5.04E-04
3.96E-04
3.10E-04

347.9
340.3
332.5
324.6
316.5
308.1
299.5
295.1
295.1
295.1
295.1
295.1
296.4
297.7
299.1
300.4
301.7
303
306.5
310.1
313.7
317.2
320.7
324.1
327.5
329.8
329.8
328.8
325.4
322
318.6
315.1

visc
kg/m-s
18.51
17.89
17.26
16.61
15.95
15.27
14.58
14.22
14.22
14.22
14.22
14.22
14.32
14.43
14.54
14.65
14.75
14.86
15.14
15.43
15.72
16.01
16.29
16.57
16.85
17.04
17.04
16.96
16.68
16.4
16.12
15.84

62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86

1.96E-04
1.52E-04
1.17E-04
8.91E-05
6.76E-05
5.09E-05
3.79E-05
2.80E-05
2.06E-05
1.51E-05
1.10E-05
7.91E-06
5.68E-06

1.65E-04
1.24E-04
9.34E-05
6.96E-05
5.15E-05
3.79E-05
2.76E-05
2.01E-05
1.45E-05
1.04E-05
7.40E-06
5.24E-06
3.68E-06

0.8382
0.8191
0.8001
0.7811
0.762
0.7436
0.73
0.7164
0.7029
0.6893
0.6758
0.6623
0.6488

241.5
236
230.5
225.1
219.6
214.3
210.3
206.4
202.5
198.6
194.7
190.8
186.9

1.67E+01
1.26E+01
9.46E+00
7.05E+00
5.22E+00
3.84E+00
2.80E+00
2.03E+00
1.47E+00
1.05E+00
7.50E-01
5.31E-01
3.73E-01

2.41E-04
1.86E-04
1.43E-04
1.09E-04
8.28E-05
6.24E-05
4.64E-05
3.43E-05
2.52E-05
1.85E-05
1.34E-05
9.69E-06
6.96E-06

311.5
308
304.4
300.7
297.1
293.4
290.7
288
285.3
282.5
279.7
276.9
274.1

15.55
15.26
14.97
14.67
14.38
14.08
13.87
13.65
13.43
13.21
12.98
12.76
12.53

k.visc
sq.m/s
1.25E-05
1.46E-05
1.71E-05
2.03E-05
2.42E-05
2.90E-05
3.53E-05
4.56E-05
6.24E-05
8.54E-05
1.17E-04
1.60E-04
2.22E-04
3.07E-04
4.24E-04
5.84E-04
8.01E-04
1.10E-03
1.53E-03
2.13E-03
2.93E-03
4.01E-03
5.44E-03
7.34E-03
9.83E-03
1.29E-02
1.66E-02
2.10E-02
2.61E-02
3.25E-02
4.07E-02
5.11E-02

6.46E-02
8.20E-02
1.05E-01
1.34E-01
1.74E-01
2.26E-01
2.99E-01
3.98E-01
5.32E-01
7.16E-01
9.68E-01
1.32E+00
1.80E+00

alt is altitude in thousands of feet.

sigma is density divided by sea-level density.
delta is pressure divided by sea-level pressure.
theta is temperature divided by sea-level temperature.
temp is temperature in degrees Rankine.
pressure is pressure in pounds per square foot.
dens is density in slugs per cubic foot.
a is the speed of sound in feet per second.
visc is viscosity in 10**(-6) slugs per foot-second.
k.visc is kinematic viscosity in square feet per second.
ratio is speed of sound divided by kinematic viscosity times 10**(-6)

alt

sigma
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

1.0296
1
0.9711
0.9428
0.9151
0.8881
0.8617
0.8359
0.8107
0.7861
0.7621
0.7386
0.7157
0.6933
0.6715
0.6502
0.6295
0.6092
0.5895
0.5702
0.5514
0.5332
0.5153
0.498
0.4811
0.4646
0.4486
0.433
0.4178
0.4031

delta
1.0367
1
0.9644
0.9298
0.8963
0.8637
0.8321
0.8014
0.7717
0.7429
0.7149
0.6878
0.6616
0.6362
0.6115
0.5877
0.5646
0.5422
0.5206
0.4997
0.4795
0.4599
0.441
0.4227
0.4051
0.388
0.3716
0.3557
0.3404
0.3256

theta
1.0069
1
0.9931
0.9863
0.9794
0.9725
0.9656
0.9588
0.9519
0.945
0.9381
0.9313
0.9244
0.9175
0.9107
0.9038
0.8969
0.8901
0.8832
0.8763
0.8695
0.8626
0.8558
0.8489
0.842
0.8352
0.8283
0.8215
0.8146
0.8077

temp
press
dens
a
visc
R
lb/ft^2
slugs/ft^3 ft/sec
slugs/(ft-sec)
522.2
2193.8 0.002447
1120.3
0.376
518.7
2116.2 0.002377
1116.5
0.374
515.1
2040.9 0.002308
1112.6
0.372
511.5
1967.7 0.002241
1108.7
0.37
508
1896.7 0.002175
1104.9
0.368
504.4
1827.7 0.002111
1101
0.366
500.8
1760.9 0.002048
1097.1
0.364
497.3
1696 0.001987
1093.2
0.362
493.7
1633.1 0.001927
1089.3
0.36
490.2
1572.1 0.001869
1085.3
0.358
486.6
1512.9 0.001811
1081.4
0.355
483
1455.6 0.001756
1077.4
0.353
479.5
1400.1 0.001701
1073.4
0.351
475.9
1346.2 0.001648
1069.4
0.349
472.3
1294.1 0.001596
1065.4
0.347
468.8
1243.6 0.001546
1061.4
0.345
465.2
1194.8 0.001496
1057.4
0.343
461.7
1147.5 0.001448
1053.3
0.341
458.1
1101.7 0.001401
1049.2
0.339
454.5
1057.5 0.001355
1045.1
0.337
451
1014.7 0.001311
1041
0.335
447.4
973.3 0.001267
1036.9
0.332
443.9
933.3 0.001225
1032.8
0.33
440.3
894.6 0.001184
1028.6
0.328
436.7
857.2 0.001144
1024.5
0.326
433.2
821.2 0.001104
1020.3
0.324
429.6
786.3 0.001066
1016.1
0.322
426.1
752.7 0.001029
1011.9
0.319
422.5
720.3 0.000993
1007.7
0.317
419
689 0.000958
1003.4
0.315

29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65

0.3887
0.3747
0.3611
0.348
0.3351
0.3227
0.3106
0.2988
0.2852
0.2719
0.2592
0.2471
0.2355
0.2245
0.214
0.204
0.1945
0.1854
0.1767
0.1685
0.1606
0.1531
0.146
0.1391
0.1326
0.1264
0.1205
0.1149
0.1096
0.1044
0.0996
0.0949
0.0905
0.0863
0.0822
0.0784
0.0747

0.3113
0.2975
0.2843
0.2715
0.2592
0.2474
0.236
0.225
0.2145
0.2044
0.1949
0.1858
0.1771
0.1688
0.1609
0.1534
0.1462
0.1394
0.1329
0.1267
0.1208
0.1151
0.1097
0.1046
0.0997
0.0951
0.0906
0.0864
0.0824
0.0785
0.0749
0.0714
0.068
0.0649
0.0618
0.059
0.0562

0.8009
0.794
0.7872
0.7803
0.7735
0.7666
0.7598
0.7529
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519
0.7519

415.4
411.8
408.3
404.7
401.2
397.6
394.1
390.5
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390
390

658.8
629.7
601.6
574.6
548.5
523.5
499.3
476.1
453.9
432.6
412.4
393.1
374.7
357.2
340.5
324.6
309.4
295
281.2
268.1
255.5
243.6
232.2
221.4
211
201.2
191.8
182.8
174.3
166.2
158.4
151
144
137.3
130.9
124.8
118.9

0.000924
0.000891
0.000858
0.000827
0.000797
0.000767
0.000738
0.00071
0.000678
0.000646
0.000616
0.000587
0.00056
0.000534
0.000509
0.000485
0.000462
0.000441
0.00042
0.000401
0.000382
0.000364
0.000347
0.000331
0.000315
0.000301
0.000287
0.000273
0.00026
0.000248
0.000237
0.000226
0.000215
0.000205
0.000196
0.000186
0.000178

999.1
994.8
990.5
986.2
981.9
977.5
973.1
968.7
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1
968.1

0.313
0.311
0.308
0.306
0.304
0.302
0.3
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.297

k.visc
ratio
ft^2/sec
1.54E-04
7.3
1.57E-04
7.1
1.61E-04
6.91
1.65E-04
6.72
1.69E-04
6.54
1.73E-04
6.36
1.78E-04
6.18
1.82E-04
6.01
1.87E-04
5.84
1.91E-04
5.67
1.96E-04
5.51
2.01E-04
5.35
2.07E-04
5.2
2.12E-04
5.05
2.18E-04
4.9
2.23E-04
4.75
2.29E-04
4.61
2.35E-04
4.47
2.42E-04
4.34
2.48E-04
4.21
2.55E-04
4.08
2.62E-04
3.95
2.70E-04
3.83
2.77E-04
3.71
2.85E-04
3.59
2.93E-04
3.48
3.02E-04
3.37
3.10E-04
3.26
3.19E-04
3.15
3.29E-04
3.05

3.39E-04
3.49E-04
3.59E-04
3.70E-04
3.82E-04
3.93E-04
4.06E-04
4.19E-04
4.38E-04
4.59E-04
4.82E-04
5.06E-04
5.30E-04
5.56E-04
5.84E-04
6.12E-04
6.42E-04
6.74E-04
7.07E-04
7.41E-04
7.78E-04
8.16E-04
8.56E-04
8.98E-04
9.42E-04
9.88E-04
1.04E-03
1.09E-03
1.14E-03
1.20E-03
1.25E-03
1.32E-03
1.38E-03
1.45E-03
1.52E-03
1.59E-03
1.67E-03

2.95
2.85
2.76
2.66
2.57
2.48
2.4
2.31
2.21
2.11
2.01
1.91
1.83
1.74
1.66
1.58
1.51
1.44
1.37
1.31
1.24
1.19
1.13
1.08
1.03
0.98
0.93
0.89
0.85
0.81
0.77
0.74
0.7
0.67
0.64
0.61
0.58