Course Number: IPE-112 Experiment Number: 01

Study and operation of Turret lathe machine

including coolant and lubrication system

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Study and operations of turret lathe

Objectives:
 To see the Turret Lathe

 To learn about specification of turret lathe

 To know how to use turret lathe

 To learn about the applications of turret lathe

 To learn about the coolant and lubrication system

Introduction:

The turret lathe is a form of metalworking lathe that is used for repetitive production of
duplicate parts, which by the nature of their cutting process are usually interchangeable.
It evolved from earlier lathes with the addition of the turret, which is
an indexable toolholder that allows multiple cutting operations to be performed, each
with a different cutting tool, in easy, rapid succession, with no need for the operator to
perform setup tasks in between, such as installing or uninstalling tools, nor to control the
toolpath. The latter is due to the tool path’s being controlled by the machine, either in jig-
like fashion, via the mechanical limits placed on it by the turret's slide and stops, or via
electronically-directed servomechanisms for computer numerical control (CNC) lathes.

Discussion:
Types of turret lathe:

There are mainly two types of turret lathe:

i. Horizontal
ii. Vertical
Each group can be divided into some types as:
i. Ram type
ii. Saddle type
iii. Automatic chucking machine
Turret lathe components:

Different parts of turret lathe are:

 Headstock
 Cross-slide tool post
 Hexagonal turret
 Turret saddle
 Feed rod
 Saddle for cross-slide.

Headstock:
The headstock is a large casting located at the left hand end of the bed. The
headstock of capstan and turret lathe may be of the following types:

i. Step cone pulley driven headstock

ii. Direct electric motor driven headstock
iii. All geared headstock
iv. Pre optive or pre selective headstock.
Turret saddle:
The turret is the hexagonal tool holder intended for holding six or more
tools. The centerline of the each hole is perfectly aligned with the axis of the lathe when
aligned with the head stock spindle. In addition to these holes, there are four tapped holes
on each face of the turret for securing different tool holding attachments. After one
operation is completed, as the turret is brought back away from the spindle nose, the
turret index automatically by a mechanism incorporated on the bed and in turret saddle,
so that the tool mounted on the next face is aligned with the work.

Saddle for cross slide:

Turret lathes equipped with usually two designs of carriage:
 Conventional type carriage
 Side hung type carriage

Working principle of turret lathe:

Turret lathe is used for production purpose. There
is a work holding device called turret instead of tailstock. It can hold eight tool at the
same time. Firstly we should think that what processes can be used for manufacturing
something. Then we should settle tool for manufacturing it. Then we can do the processes
one by one.

Work holding device:

The standard practice of holding work between two centers in
an engine lathe finds no place in a capstan or turret lathe as there is dead centre to support
the work at the other end. Work is, therefore supported at the spindle end by the help of
chucks and fixtures. The usual methods of holding work in a capstan or turret lathe are
1. Jaw chuck:
I. Self centering chuck
II. Independent chuck
III. Combination chuck
IV. Air operated chuck

2. Collet chuck:

I. Push out type

II. Draw in type
III. Dead length type
Turret lathe specifications:
i. Spindle speed: 780 rpm

ii. Type of chuck: Collet chuck

iii. Diameter of chuck: 22 mm

iv. Metal of workpiece: Brass

v. Drill bit dia: 6.5mm

Conclusion:

We have learned to use engine lathe before. But if we want to use lathe in production
purpose then we can’t use engine lathe. Turret lathe is a production purpose lathe. We
have learnt about turret lathe in this experiment. We have also learnt about the lubrication
and coolant system.

Assignment
1.Question: What is the difference between turret lathe and engine lathe?
Answer:
 In engine lathe there is only one tool holder. But in turret lathe there is more tool
holder.
 Two or more cuts can be done at a time in turret, but in engine lathe it is not
possible.
 The tool post of turret lathe can be indexed by 90°, but in engine lathe it is fixed.

2.Question: What is the field of application of turret lathe?

Answer
 It is more rigid and hence suitable for heavier chucking work. Jobs upto 300 mm
diameter can be machined on it
 Its design eliminates the turret slide overhang problem inherent in the ram type
lathe.
 The power rapid traverse reduces the operator’s handling effort.
3.Question: How do the engine lathe and turret lathe compared as per as quantity of
production is concerned. Why?

Answer:
The engine lathe and turret lathe compared as per as quantity of production by
their tool post. Engine lathe have only one tool post and it is fixed. In the other hand,
turret lathe have eight tool post usually.

4.Question: Why hexagonal turret is used instead of tailstock in a turret lathe? What are
it’s advantages over others?

Answer:
Hexagonal turret is used instead of tailstock in a turret lathe because the turret has
eight tool post and so that mass production can be achieved.

5.Question: What is the difference between ram type and saddle type turret lathe? What
are the advantages and limitations?

Answer:

6.Question: why the turret lathe will be suited to repetitive manufacture of complex
cylindrical parts?

Answer: