Exponential and Logarithmic equations:

Ex. Write each expression with base 5

a) 25

25 = 52
253 = (52)3
= 56

1
b)

125
125 = 53
1 2
=( 3)
5

= (5 -3) 2
= 5 -6
Two exponents are equal if their exponential expressions have the same base and are equal
Ex. Solve:
a) 5 x + 2 = 125
5 x+2 = 53
x=1

b) 3 x + 4 = 27 x
x = -1

c) 16 2 x = 8 x 2
(2x) log 16 = (x-2) log 8
(2x) (1.204) = (x-2) (0.903)
(2x) = (

What is the difference between f ( x) = log x and log x = 1 ?

Ex. Solve
a) log( x 5) = 1
log10 (x-5) = 1
x - 5 = (1)(101)
x = 10 + 5
x = 15

b) log 6 ( x + 3) = 2

d) 1 log 4 ( x + 2) = 0

e) log x 2 log 4 = 2 f) log( x 7) 1 = log( x + 2)

x2
log (x-7) + log (x+2) = 1
log = 2
4
log (x2 + 2x - 7x + 14) = 1
x2 = 102
x2 -5x +14 = 101
4 1
x2 -5x +24 = 0
x2 = 400
(x-8) (8-3) = 0
x = 20
x=8&8=3

1 = log4 (x + 2)
41 = x + 2
4-2=x
2=x

x + 3 = 62
x = 36 - 3
x = 33

c) _____________
2 log( x 4) = 2
2
log (x -4) = 1
x - 4 = (1)(101)
x = 10 + 4
x = 14

g) log x 2 90 x =

3
2
3

x2 - 90x = (103 2 )1
x2 - 90x = (10 2)2
x2 - 90x = 103
x2 - 90x = 1000
x2 - 90x - 1000 = 0
(x-100) (x+10) = 0
x = 100 & x = 10
Homework:
Pg. 301# 1 92