I1PErJIE)], OTKYI1JbEHOr HAKHTA Y

CPE)],IhOBEKOBHOJ 3EHPIJ;H HAPO)],HOr MY3EJA Y

I10)l{APEBIJ;Y
Onnnepa MI1JIOBI1l1, Hapoznnr My3ej, Iloacapenau
HapOjlHOM My3Cjy Y Iloscapcany jc nonyhcno na orxyn 39 apXCOJIOIIIKUX npenvcra, xojn rrOTH'IY ca
rnnpc rpancxc 30HC JIOKaJIUTCTa Viminaciuma. On 39 npcnncra KOjU casnnsaaajy HaJIa3, 13 npnnana
CpCjllbOBCKoBHOj 36upuu (2 rtpancropnjcxoj U 24 HaJIa3aaHTUtIKoj 36upuu). CPCjllDOBCKOBHU HaJIa3U KOjU tIUHC
npcrcise Huayunrnuc nspahcac y TCXHHUH qJHJIHrpaHa Hrpanynauaje Mory ce OKBHpHO jlaTOBaTH y nepnozt on
xu )lO XVI BCKa.
HapO.ll;HOM My3ejy y Iloscapesuy je 24. e6pyapa 1998. rormne Panama Byjxnh 113
Tlozcapeaua nOHy.ll;110 39 apXeOJIOlliKI1Xrtperoaera, KOjl1 no a.eronosr Ka311BalhY no'rnny ca
urnpe rparrcxe 30He JIOKaJII1TeTa Viminacium. Y3 I1HaHCI1jcKy nonoh MI1HI1CTapCTBa
Peny6JII1Ke Cpfiuje, MaTepl1jaJI ce cazta HaJIa311 y HapO.ll;HOM My3ejy y Iloacapesuy. O.ll; 39
npezuiera KOjl1 ca-nia.anajy HaJIa3, 13 npnnana cpezusonexonnoj 3611PUl1 (2
npaacropnjcxoj 11 24 HaJIa3a aHTI1QKoj 36I1pUI1).
Cpemsosexoaae HaJIa3eca-nm.anajy: JII1BeHa cpefipna nayunmua BOJII1HCKOr 'rnna,
nap cpefipanx BI1Cenl1X aayumnua, 10 JII1BeHI1X npCTeHOBa (6 cpefipnax, 3 6p0H3aHa 11 1
OJIOBHI1) ozr KOjl1Xje jerraa OQyBaHueo, 3 .ll;eJII1MI1QHO 11 6 OQYBaHI1X rnasa npCTeHOBa ca
pa3JII1Ql1TO ype3aHI1M npencrasaaa.
C 06311pOM zra MaTepl1jaJI 113 onor pana nOTI1Qe ca nmpe rpancxe 30He
Viminaeiuma, 6e3 6JII1)1(I1X nonaraxa 0 YCJIOBI1Ma HaJIa3a, Ml1lliJbelha CMO na osaj HaJIa3
He MO)l(eMO nOCMaTpaTI1 xao je.ll;I1HCTBeHy ueJII1HY, Ben CBaKI1 KOMa.ll; HaKI1Ta nonaocofi.
1. Cpefipua MaCI1BHa JII1BeHa aaynnmua ca zma napa HaCnpaMHI1X KOJIeHaua 11
rp03.ll;OJII1KI1M npl1BeCKOM no Cpe.ll;I1HI1 T3B. nayumaua BOJII1HCKOr Tl1na. ,nOlhl1 neo
npasecxa je ca rOplhl1M .ll;eJIOM rtpasecxa nOBe3aH npexo .rpn naxro'raja I1JIl1rpaHCKe
)l(1111e. Topn,a 11 .ll;Olhl1 neo npnaecxa saspnraaajy ce xpyrmoxr rpaHyJIOM, I1HB. 6p. 353,
BI1CI1Ha 4,2 em (CJI. 1).
287
[JIaCHI1K CA,[( 15-16 (1999-2000)
C7. 1 - Hayuutuue
Fig. I - Earrings
CJl. 2 - Hayiuuuue
Fig. 2 - Earrings
J13 apXeOJIOWKI1X 3611PKI1
Haj6JIJ1)Ke ananornje aa OBy
HaYWHI1UY HaJIa311MO ):{y)K ,[(yHaBa: y
EaTajHI1IJ,I1, BeJII1KoM I'panuy, EP30j
ITaJIaHUI1 11 ):{y)K B. Mopane na ,[(Olhl1nKOM
Epny, a HajCJII14HI1ja je ca HaywHI1IJ,aMa 113
Jleutja KO):{ Ilapahnna xoje cy ):{aTOBaHe na
OCHOBy HOBIJ,a y 4eTBpTy l1JII1 nery zteueanjy
XII BeKa.
1
2. llap Cpe6pHl1X Bl1Cenl1X aayunmna
113paDeHl1X y TeXHl1IJ,l1 l1JIl1rpaHa 11
rpaaynaunje, OTl1CKl1Balha MaTpl1IJ,OM 11
'rparonreaa JIeMJbelha. Kapnxa nayunnuie je
cannjena y 06JIl1KY 3HaKa mrraa,a 11
ofiaanjena aanojrora I1JIl1rpaHCKe )Kl1IJ,e
(yxynno 8 nasoja), ITpl1BeCaK ce cacroja O):{
nne Mallie urynrse jarozte JIOrrTaCTor 06JIl1Ka
113paDeHI1X ozt cpefipnor JIl1Ma (y TeXHl1IJ,l1
OTl1CKl1Balha MaTpl1IJ,OM) 11 Bene oxpyrrre
axcypapane jarorre 113paDeHe O):{
l1JIl1rpaHCKe )K11IJ,e, xoja ce HaJIa311 113MeDY
llil1X. Beha azcypnpana jarorta cacrojn ce O):{
nne rrOJIyJIOrrTe xoje cy 113paDeHe O):{ cpetipae
I1JIl1rpaHCKe )Kl1IJ,e 11 ofipasyjy MOTl1B
cacaranrsea O):{ 10 JIaTI1IJ,a (yxynno 20). ITo
cpezmaa, ztse rrOJIyJIOrrTe xoje ofipasyjy
jarony cnojeue cy ):{BOCTpyKl1M HI130M
xpyrumjax rpanyna. IJ;eHTpaJIHa seha jarona
je sa zme Malhe urynrse jarone rtpaxapurhena
TpOCTpyKl1M H1130M rpanyna xoje ofipasyjy
MOTl1B xpcra, CaCTaBJbeH O):{ xerupn
rpanyne. 06e nayunmuc cy ):{eJII1M114HO
ourrehene - nenocraje 11M Malha uryrtrsa
jarona xoja ofipasyje xpaj npnsecxa, l1HB.
6p. 352, Bl1CI1Ha oxyaaaor rrapa HayIIlHl1IJ,a
7,1 ern (CJI. 2).
,[(l1peKTHe ananornje aa onaj rrap
HaYIIlHl1ua l1MaMOca ):{Ba rrapa HayIIlHI1IJ,a 113
,[(y60BIJ,a y Banary, ):{aToBaHl1X y XVI BeK.
2
1 M. Bajanoaah-Xaua-Ilcumh, Haeuai VllI-XVlI16eKa Y stysejy epoqa Eeozpaqa, Bcorpan 1984,27, XVll/7;
J],. Mnnah, CPC,UfuOBcKoBHa HCKpOllOJIa na BCJIIIKOM I'panuy KO,U J],ofucr MI1JIaHOBl.{a, Ctuapuuap XX, 1970,
242, 237 CJI. 8/8, rpo6 43; C. Epncronah-Tlaarronah, Flpnnor npoyxaaaa.y CpC,UfuOBCKOBHI1X HCKpOnOJIa y
I1CTO<lHoj Cpfiajn, Ctuapuuap XVll, 1967, 146, IV/I; J],. Ilerponah, CpC,UlbOBCKOBHa HCKpOnOJIa na J],Oful1t.IKOM
Bpzty, Ctuapuuap Xlll-XIV, 1965, 285 CJI. 28/3; J],. MI1JIOWCBl1h, CPC,UfuOBcKoBHa HCKpOrrOJIa y Jleuijy KO,U
Ilapahnaa, 36opl/lIK Hapoquoz styseja III, Bcorpan 1962, 141-163, T. 1, rpo6 6.
2 M. 6I1pTaWCBl1h, 3611pKC CpC,UfuOBCKOBHor 11 xacuor napormor HaKI1Ta 113 J],y6oBl.{a (npcurrannano 113
Paqa eojeohanckux uyseja 10, HOBI1 Ca,U 1961) 26-27, T. 1/7,8, T.1I11,12.
288
O. MI1JIoBl1n HaKI1T y My3ejy y Iloxcapeauy
JJ:eJIOBI1 npcrea,a I1 ueo oxysaa npcren 113 OBOr pana npnnanana 611
Tl1nOBI1Ma npcren,a:
- npcren ca I1 JIaTI1Hl1qHI1M HaTnl1COM na rJIaBI1 I1
xaPI1UI1 (T. II1)
- npcren ca TaHKOM nJIOqaCTOM oKpyrJIOM rJIaBOM, HaJIeMJbeHOM aa
xapnxy (T. III 1,2)
- 'rpaxacro npcreise (T. ll/3,4,5)
- npcren ca YTOnJbeHOM rJIaBOM y paxre (T. ll/6)
- npcren ca sparoxr (T. III?)
- rrpcren ca npoI1JII1CaHI1M sparosr (T. II18)
- JII1BeHI1 MaCI1BHI1 rrpcren ca BaJbKaCTO aparoxr (T. II19).
3. Cpefipnn JII1BeHI1 npcren ca npl1Ka30M I1 JIaTI1Hl1qHI1M
HaTm1COM aa rJIaBI1 I1 Kapl1UI1. I'nana je ourrehena, ocuoyraonor 06JIl1Ka
ca npen03HaTJbl1Bl1M ypeaauav npl1Ka30M nyxa I1 cxpaheuuxr JIaTI1Hl1qHI1M
HaTnI1COM, 113paljeHl1M y Hl1jeJIO TeXHI1UI1. Ha maBI1 npcrena oxyaaaa cy BeJII1Ka CJIOBa:
'UO,1ft. , iil , JU , 1jJ, @1, , Kapnxa je TaHKa, ca 60qHl1M npoI1JII1CaHI1M
crpaaaxia yxpaurena CTl1JIl130BaHl1M rpanxauaxta ca JIl1llineM I1 uprnuaua, ocxroyraonoxr
yOKBl1peHOM pOM6oM I1 nOJIyKpyrOBI1Ma. Ha cnorsaunsea xapnxe HaJIa311
ce onyaan JIaTI1Hl1qHI1 HaTnl1C KOjl1 rese y zma pezta I1 orno-nnse KpCTOM:
C;'UM t:1 (rope I1 (., ".,:211 ,.j.j;;UhW (none), I1HB. 6p. 354, BI1CI1Ha 2,3 em,
npe'-IHI1K yayrpaunsa 1,9 em, npeQHI1K cnorsanm,a 2,1 em (T. 1/1).
Osaj 'run npcrena 611 no EojaHI1 Panojxoanh npnnanao BepeHI1QKOM Tl1ny npcrena
ca npl1Ka30M I1 HaTnl1COM na rJIaBI1 I1 Kapl1UI1. flo QI1TalhY I1 TYMaQelhY
I'opnane TOMOBl1n
3
HaTnl1C aa maBI1 nacan je y HeraTI1BY I1 maCI1: Ane(lo) da pete, lliTO
6H 3HaQl1JIO npcren on cpua, HaTnl1C na Kapl1UI1 rrncan je y n03l1Tl1BY H Morao 611 zta
fJIaCH: Si vis com(m)endar(e) disc(i)p(u)l(a) tua Domino, lliTO 611 Y npesony 3HaQHJIO:
Xoheur JIH npenopy-nrrn CJIYlliKHlhY TBOjy rocnony,
JJ:HpeKTHy ananornjy aa oaaj npcren HaJIa3l1MO ca 3JIaTHHM npcreaov H3 Jan.ena
KOjH ce ztaryje y ztpyry nOJIOBHHy XIV I1 nOQeTaK XV nexa, a seayje ce sa yrnnaje ca
KOjHcy uajaeponaruaje aa Hallie TJIO nocpencraosr BpCHHX
MajcTopa H rprosaua."
4. JJ:eo cpefipnor npcrena ca paBHOM OKpyrJIOM nJIOQaCTOM rJIaBOM I1 ypeaanaxr
KpCTOM KOM6l1HOBaHl1M ca CTl1JIl130BaHl1M JIOpaJIHHM eJIeMeHTHMa.
O'lyBaHI1 zteo xapnxe je xpyzcaor npecexa na xojy je HaJIeMJbeHa rnasa. Ilpaxaa aa
nJIOQaCToj maBI1 npezicranrsa ypeaaun KpCT KOjHje ca o6e crpane yxparnen
JIaTHuaMa KpHHa. 113Meljy naruna xpnna H CTl1JIl130BaHOr KpCTa HaJIa3e ce
ypesaau opHaMeHTI1 y 'rpn nJII1TKe JII1Hl1je. Kpaj KpCTa ce saspuraaa y nmauy.
MOTHB je yOKBl1peH TPOCTPYKI1M xpyrosr 113paljeHHM y HHjeJIO TeXHI1UI1, I1HB. 6p. 362,
npe-ranx rnane 1,5 em (T. II11).
3 QBOM npl1JIHKOM 113palKaBaM BCJIHKy 3aXBaJIHOCT r. TOMOBl1h, capamrnxy Hcropajcxor I1HcTI1TYTa
CAHY, na npyxcnoj novohn npHJIHKOM lJHTalha H TYMalJClha narrmca na npcrcisy. ITocc6I1Y 3aXBaJIIIOCT
nyryjc II M. JIaCJIy IIa npyxccnoj nouoha npHJIHKOMnpeao.aa JII1TCpaTypc ca MaljapcKor jcsnxa.
4 I), Panojxonnh, Hauuia oq Cp6a oq XII qo paja Xl/lll eexa, Bcorpan 1969, 197-199, 161-165.
289
rrraCH11K CA,[( 15-16 (1999-2000) 113 apxeOrrOlIIK11X 3611PK11
OrII1CaH11 zieo npcrena HeMa )l,11peKTH11X ananornja. I10 06rr11KY crmuan je
npcren.y 113 Mahapcxe, arm npencrane na rnasn cy npyraxaje. OKB11pHO ce MO:>Ke
)l,aTOBaT11 y XIII BeK.
5
5. Bponaana oxpyrna, nno-racra rnana ca ype3aH11M MOT11BOM zraocrpyxor KpCTa
KOM611HOBaHOr ca CT11rr1130BaH11M <prroparrH11M errexrerrnoaa. ,[(BOCTpyK11 KpCT je ca 06e
crpane YOKB11peH CT11rr1130BaH11M rpaa-nrnawa 113Be)l,eH11M rrrr11TK11M ypeanraa. Ha
cnojaauasia xpcra aanase ce nse yxpurrene rr11H11je. MOT11B je YOKB11peH TPOCTPYK11M
xpyroxr, 11HB. 6p. 363, npe-max rnase 1,7 em (T. 11/2).
Osaj npcrea HeMa aHaJIOr11je. Ha OCHOBy npmcasaaor zmocrpysor xpcra OKBlIpHO
ce MO:>Ke )l,aTOBaTII y XIII BeK.
6. ,[(eo cpefipnor 'rpaxacror npcreaa ca rmo-racro npoumpenoxr Kpy:>KHOM rnaaoxr
II ype3aHIIM MOTIIBOM CTIIrrII30BaHOr xpnaa 1I3Be)l,eHOr y nnjeno TeXH11U11. Ha o-rynaaoxr
rteny xapnxe 11 rnasn npcrena nanaae ce rro zrsa nrnrrxa ypesa, 11HB. 6p. 357, npeQHIIK
rnase 1,4 em (T. II13).
On11CaHII zreo npcreua HeMa )l,lIpeKTHIIX aaanornja. CrrlIQHO npcren,e ca
npencraaosr xpnna )l,OCTa je 6pOjHO aacrynrseao y Mahapcxoj, 11 )l,aTOBaHO je y XII II XIII
BeK.
6
Hanase ce II y PyMyH11jlI, )l,aTOBaHII on XII-XIV BeKa.7
7. ,[(eocpefipnor 'rpaxacror npcrena ca oxpyrnoxr, nnoxacro npoumpeaoa Kpy:>KHOM
rnasosr II ype3aHIIM MOTIIBOM naocrpyxor xpcra OKO xora ce nanase aennxa rraTIIHIIQHa
cnosa: 1lb (j\f[) 1l1l., I13Meljy BerrlIKIIX rraTIIHIIQH11X cnosa II 1l1l.
aanasa ce Malh11 KpCT. ,[(BOCTpyKII KpCT ce Marro 1IIIIpII npa IIBIIUII. Ha paveay xapnxe
nanase ce )l,Ba runrrxa ypesa, IIHB. 6p. 358, rrpeQHIIK rnase 1,4 ern (T. 11/4).
Ilpcreise ca rrpIIKa30M zmocrpyxor- xpcra II HaTrrlICOM KOjlI 'rexe OKO n.era )l,OCTa
je 6pOjHO sacrynrseno y Mahapcxoj )l,aTOBaHO y XIII BeK, aa spexte Aanpea II 11 Bene IV.
8
OrrlICaHII neo npcrena 1I3 onor pana npnnanao 61I OBOj rpyrrlI npcren,a. Kozt onor 'rnna
npcren.a HaTrrlICII cy pa3rrlIQIITII. qecTo ce 360r nperepanor cxpahnaau,a peQII II 360r
nonaarsaa,a 06rrIIKa cnona He MO:>Ke 3HaT11 lIITa TaQHO mnue. Taxo 61I II cxpahenana na
zierry npcrena 1I3 onor pana no M11lIIJbelhY Topnaue TOMoBlIn, MO:>K)l,a Morna 3HaQ11TH:
AVE MA(RIA).
8. ,[(eo fiponaano r 'rpaxac'ror npcreua ca oxpyr-nosr nrrouacro rrpOlII11peHOM
rrraBOM II ype3aH11M lIIeMaTII30BaH11M rrpIIKa30M zrsornanor oprra ca palII11peH11M
Kp11rr11Ma 113Be)l,eHOr TOQImneM - pannosr. Ha OQyBaHoM rrerry pasreua ypeaane cy
ziac napanenne mnmje XOpII30HTarrHO 11 BepTIIKarrHO nocraarsene. Kpuna II perr
zraor-naeor oprra npencranrsenn cy BIIIllecTpYKIIM C11THIIM ypeaasra. I1plIKa3
)l,BOrrraBor oprra yOKBlIpeH je TpOCTpyKIIM xpyrow, IIHB. 6p. 361, rrpeQHIIK rrrane
1,5 em (T. I1/5).
5 L. Zsuzsa, Arpad-kori peesetgyuruk, Folia Archaeologica XXXI, Budapest 1980, Abb. I.
6 Hctao, Abb. I.
7 D. Teieu, Neeropole medievale (sec. X-XIV) din sudul Banatului, Banatica 12, Resita, 1993, Fig. 14/1,24,6;
1. Uzum, Conzideratii pc marginea eereetarilor din ani 1983-1985 in neeropola feudala timpurie de la Cuptoarc-
Svogca (Com. Cornea, Judetul Carad-Scvcrin), Banatica 1987, Fig. 6 (Incle din sec Vll-XIV).
8 L. Zsuzsa, /IaB. qeno, Abb. 3, 4.
290
O. MI1JIOBl1n Cpe)J,lhOBeKOBHI1 HaKI1Ty HapO)J,HOM My3ejy y TIO)KapeBU;y
MOTI1B )J,BOrJIaBOr OpJIa ca paUlI1peHI1M Kpl1JII1Ma n03HaT je na CpnCKOM
Cpe)J,lhOBeKOBHOM npcrea.y." Onl1CaHI1 neo npcreaa I1Ma ananornja ca HaJIa311Ma 113
)J,eMl1p Kannje 11 TIpl1JIena.
10
MOTI1B )J,BOrJIaBOr OpJIa ca paUII1peHI1M I1JII1 CnYUlTeHI1M
Kpl1JII1Ma jann.a ce CKOpO 06aBe3HO O)J, BJIa)J,e Manojna KOMHI1Ha.II )J,eo onor npcreua 611
ce OKBl1pHO Morao onpe)J,eJII1TI1 y apesre XII-XIII sexa.
9. )J,eo cpefipnor npcreaa ca YTOnJbeHOM eJIl1nCOI1)J,HOM rnaaov y paxre 11 ype3aHI1M
MOTI1BOM CTI1JII130BaHOr xpnna napahenor y Hl1jeJIO TeXHI1U;I1, I1HB. 6p. 359, BI1CI1Ha rnase
1,3 cm, umpaaa rnane 0,8 em (T. 11/6).
3a Onl1CaHI1 zteo npcrena 6JII1)Kl1x aaanornja HeMaMO. AKo je aa )J,eJIy npcrena
npnxaaaa CTI1JII130BaHI1 KpI1H, HaJIa3 611 ce llIl1pOKO Morao )J,aTOBaTI1 O)J, XIII )J,O xpaja XV
sexa, xana Kpl1H xao BO)J,enl1 MOTI1B y Ta)J,aIlllhoj yMeTHocTI1 )KI1BI1 y pa3JII1ql1TI1M
napnjauraxra. C 06311pOM )J,a je Kpl1H CI1M60JI Boropoznnie 11 qe)J,HocTl1
12
CMaTpaMO zta ce
OB)J,e pa)J,11 0 )KeHCKOM npcreny.
10. )J,eo cpefipuor npcrena ca y3)J,l1rHyTI1M sparosr 11 ype3aHI1M npl1Ka30M JIaBa.
Jlas je npC)J,CTaBJbeH y cPpOHTaJIHOM nonoxcajy ca nO)J,l1rHyTI1M penoxr 113Ha)J, rnase,
113pal)eHI1M y Hl1jCJIO TeXHI1U;I1. Ha o-ryaaaov )J,eJIy paueaa xapmce HaJIa3e ce xerupa
flJIHTKa ypeaa, I1HB. 6p. 360, npeQHI1K rnase 0,9 em (T. 11/7).
Tnn npcrena ca y3)J,l1rHyTI1M BpaTOM 11 npl1Ka30M ypeaanor JIaBa ca nO)J,l1rHyTI1M
penoxr, 6pOjHO je sacrynrseao y XIV 11 XV sexy, KO)J, cpncxe cpeznsosexoaae BJIaCTeJIe.
13
Ko)J, oaor runa npcrena pa3JII1Ql1TI1 cy Cu;eHCKI1 npnxaaa JIaBa. MOTI1B JIaBa, xao
xepaJI)J,I1QKI1 3HaK zrornao je )J,O nynor napaacaja y apexie rtecno'ra 'bypha Epaaxosaha, rne
ce npnxaa JIaBa jasrsa 11 aa lherOBOM HOBU;y. 3aHI1MJbl1BO je na ce oztpehean run npcreaa
ca npaxaaoxr JIaBa seayje sa Cesepay Cp611jy (PY)J,HI1K, Kocxraj, Iloacapesau, PeKoBau;).14
Orrl1CaHI1 neo npcrena nexra )J,l1peKTHI1X aaanornja. I'nasa JIaBa je npyra-mje
MO)J,l1cPI1KOBaHa IllTO 611 ce srorno 06jacHI1TI1 cJIa611jl1M yMeneM JIOKaJIHOr MajcTopa.
11. )J,eo 6poH3aHor JII1BeHOr npcrena ca I1cTaKHyToM ocuoyraonoxr nJIOQaCTO
npounrpenoja rJIaBOM 11 TpOCTpyKO y)KJbe6JbeHOM I1BI1U;OM. OQYBaHI1 nco xapnxe ce
nccrerreno umpa 11 yxpauren je nJII1TKI1M BepTI1KaJIHI1M ypeaaxsa. Ha oceroyraonoj
npoumpenoj rrrana ypesan je MOTI1B QeTBOpOJII1CTa y 06JII1Ky xpcra ca CI1THI1M
napaJIeJIHI1Mypeamia na CJI060)J,HI1M nOBpIllI1HaMa (113Mel)y )J,eJIOBa QeTBOpOJII1CTa). Lleo
MOTI1B je yOKBl1peH ypeaaaoxr JII1Hl1jOM xoja nparn 06JII1K ocraoyraone nJIOQaCTO
npoumpeae rrrase, I1HB. 6p. 355, npeQHI1Krnase 1,7 em (T. 11/8).
Onl1CaHI1 zteo npcrena, no npecexy I1Ma aaarroruja ca npCTeHOM 113 Crapor
KOCTOJIlIa )J,aTOBaHI1M y XIV BeK.
15
TIo MOTI1BY CTI1JII130BaHOr QeTBOpOJII1CTa CJII1QaH je
9 ,a. MHJIOWCBl1h, Hanan oq XI/-XV eexa U3 sbuptce Hapoquoe uyseja, Ecorpazt 1990,95; E. Panojxonnh,
Hauutu ... , 120-123, 121, CJl. 66, T. 54, T, 34, 123, CJl. 68; E. I1BaHl1n, Ilpctuen,e cpucxe cpeqnsoeexoene enactuene,
Ecorpan 1998,36, CJl. 7, 37, CJI. 8.
10 B. Babic, The report in the old Slavic Findspots in Macedonia, Balcanoslavica 4, Prilcp 1975, 133, Fig. 14;
B. Alcksova, Prosek-Demir kapija, slovenska nekropola i slovenske nekropole U Makedoniji, Skopje-Beograd,
1966, 35/grob 162, T. XIXl211.
1\ r. Mapjanonnh-Byjonah, TpIUGNe, cpucxa uespouona (xpaj Xl - uoaetaa XIII eeka) , Bcorpazt 1984, 89.
12 E. Panojxoanh, Hasutu..., 113-115.
13 E. I1BaHl1h, NaB. qeno, 42/cJl. 16, 44/cJl. 21;,a. MI1JlOWCBl1h, NaB. qeno, 106/132, 106/131, 121/166.
14 ,a. MI1JlOWCBl1h, NaB. qeno, 87/90, 106/131, 122, 123/170; M. MI1JlcHKOBI111, Ilpcreisc y EpaHH'ICBcKoj
06JlaCTl1 113 Haponnor My3cja y Flozcapcany, Viminacium 10, Floacapesau 1996, 146.
15 M. MI1JlCHKOBl1h, NaB. qeno, 139/44, T. V/44.
291
Fnacnmc CA)J; 15-16 (1999-2000) 113 apXeOJIOlllKI1X 36l1PKl1
npcrea.y 113: ITl1pOTa, Oxpnna, 3eMyHa 11 )J;eMl1p Kannje, KOjl1 cy ,naTOBaHI1 ozt
XIV no XV BeKa.
16
MOTI1B tIeTBOpOJII1CTa na ocsroyraonoj maBI1 HaJIa311 ce na npcreny ca
narnauienasr sparoxr 11 rrpoqmJII1CaHI1M paMeHI1Ma, KOjl1 ce naryje y noxerax XV BeKa.
17
12. Ourrehean JII1BeHI1 MaCI1BHI1 OJIOBHI1 npcren ca BaJbKaCTO Y3,nl1rHYTI1M nparosr
11 oKpyrJIOM rJIaBOM. Ilospmana oxpyrne rnane yxpaurena je rtpermerosr 11 yoxsapena
pa3JIl1tIl1Tl1M reOMeTpl1jcKI1M opHaMeHTI1Ma. Ofiozr spara yxpauren je aynxacrua
opuaxrerrrora. Ilospumaa MaCI1BHe xapmce yxpamena je Hl130M TpoyrJIOBa 113,neJbeHI1X y
nsa pena. lf3Mel)y rpoyrnona, rro cpe,nI1HI1 yOKBl1peH je CTl1JIl130BaHl1 opnaaenr y BI1,ny
JII1CHaTe JI0311ue, I1HB. 6p. 356, ripe-max rnase 1,4 em (T. II/9).
AHaJIOrl1je aa osaj npcren HeMaMO. MOTI1B npennera, CJIl1tIaHnpcreny, HaJIa3l1MO
ua KaMeHOM yxpacy Mopascxe apxnrexrype (Paaannua, Jlasapaua, Jhyfiocrnn,a,
KaJIeHl1n, Pecasa) 18 11 Y Maxenoaajn aa OKOBI1Ma QXPI1,nCKI1X I1KOHa 11 na XpeJbI1HI1M
aparnraa y PI1JICKOM MaHaCTl1py. 19Osaj npenner rnna-raa je sa cenannecere rorrnne XIV
sexa Ma,na ce janrsa 11 xacanje (nsanecere ronaae XV sexa), rra 611 CXO,nHO TOMe, Orrl1CaHI1
npcren MOrJII1 OKBl1pHO,naTOBaTI1 y raj nepnon.
Marepnjan ofipahen y OBOM pany ofiyxsara XPOHOJIOlllKI1 pacnon en XII no XVI
nexa. ITpl1Ka3aHl1 MaTepl1jaJI, l1aKOHe npencraarsa jeruutcrneay ueJII1HY, MO)l(e rrOCJIY)l(I1TI1
aa npahen.e 11 carnenaaaa,e I1CTOpl1jCKI1X rrpl1JII1Ka xoje cy ce orutrpane na OBOM norrpyujy.
Ilparehn CTI1JICKO 'rnnononnce o,nJII1Ke ofipaljenor MaTepl1jaJIa, rrpBeHCTBeHO
,neJIOBa npcren,a, aanaacasro pa3JIl1tIl1Te yrnuaje onpeheanx Hapo,nHI1X cxynnaa xoje cy
06l1TaBaJIe na OBOj reparopaja y onpehenosr BpeMeHCKOMnepnorty.
Hayrnnaua BOJII1HCKOr rnna (CJI. 1) 11 neo rpaxacror rrpcrena (T. 11/5),
npencrasn.ann 611 pazt ,noManl1X MajcTopa KOjl1 cy ononaurann Bl13aHTl1jcKe Y30pe, tIl1jl1
cy rrponsaonn najseurhe pahena y rrJIeMeHI1TOM MeTaJIy. lfCTOpl1jCKI1 rnertano TOje spexre
BJIa,naBI1He JOBaHa II KOMHI1Ha 11 Manojna I KOMHI1Ha, xana je OBa 06JIaCT 611JIa nozr
jaI.IOM ,noMI1HaUl1joM Bl13aHTl1jcKe xyrrrype.
Ilocuarpajyha CTI1JICKe npencrasrsene KOMrr03l1Ul1je aa rnaaava ,neJIOBa
npcrenona (T. II/l,3,4) xao 11 caxry aspany OBI1X ,neJIOBa rrpcren.a, Mory ce npenosuara
aananan yrnuaja. OBaKBI1 Tl1rrOBI1 rtpcreisa HI1CY aacrynrsean na feparopajn
EpaHI1I.IeBCKe 06JIaCTI1. ITo3HaT je HaJIa3 jenaor npcrena ca JIOKaJII1TeTa Py,nI1He, KOjl1 je
Hal)eH xao neo OCTaBe 11 narcBaH y XIII BeK.
20
)J;eJIOBe npcrena 113 oaora pana MO)l(eMO
16.LJ.. MHJIOWCBHh, uae. qeno, 141,142/217, 134, 134/197,72/53; M. EajaJIOBHh-XaUH-ITcwHh, 11GB. qeno,
108/451, T. Xll/3, T. XLlll/5; E. AJICKCOBa, uae. qeno, T. XIX/215.
17 M. EajaJIOBHh-XaUH-ITcwHh, uae. qeno, 104/417, T. XLlll/6.
18 B. PHCTHh, Mopaecsa apxuuieeuiypa, Haponna My3Cj Kpyurcsau, 1996, 122/29,278/67, 138,285/79,80,
275/55,56; A. )],CPOKO, Monyuentuanua u qexopatnuena apxutuextuypa y cpequ.oeetcoenoj Cpiiuju, Bcorpan 1985,
184/295,1911308,192/309,199/321,200/324,325, 208/335, 2111339, 213/342, 215/347, 219/356, 222/360, 228/366;
E. BYJIOBHh, Jlasapnua - Ilpxna CB. Crcdiana y ApXeOJIOWKa acrpaxaaaa,a Kpyurcaua HMopaBcKc
Cp6HjC, Ctuapunap XXX, Ecorpan 1980,41, CJI. 5 H6.
19 E. Paztojxonah, Cuiapo CpUCKO snauiapcuieo XVI U XVII eexa, HOBH Cazt 1966, 132-134.
20 M. Ilonoanh, B. I1BaHHwcBHh, Tpan EpaHH4CBO y CpC.uIbCM BCKy, Ciuapuuap XXXIX, Bcorpaa 1988, 154/24.
292
O. MI1JIoBl1n Cpe.n.lhOBeKOBHI1 HaKI1T y HapO.n.HOM My3ejy y Tloacapeauy
Be3aTl1 aa 60p6e Mahapa 11 Eyrapa rrO'leTKOM XIII sexa 11 Cpe.n.I1HOM XIII nexa xana je
npeonnanao yrnuaj Mahapa y CeBepOI1CTO'lHoj Cpfinja CBe no 1291. ronnae HaKOH
MI1JIYTI1HoBe nofiene nazt TaTapCKI1M Ba3aJIl1Ma LJ:pMaHoM 11 Ky.n.eJII1HOM, xana je OBy
06JIaCT npanojno CBOjOj zrpacaan. Taxohe, MopaMO I1MaTI1 y BI1.n.y 11Y'leCHI1Ke KpCTaIIIKI1X
noxorta KOjl1 cy rrpeIIIJII1 npexo OBe reparopnje, 'll1jl1 cy rrYTOrrl1CUI1 OCTaBI1JII1 Tpar y
CBOjOM 3arr11CI1Ma.
21
LJ:eJIOBI1 npcren.a (T. IlI6,7) 11 O'lyBaHI1 npcren (T. Ill) npananann 611 npyroj
nOJIOBI1HI1 XIV 11 npnoj rrOJIOBI1HI1 XV sexa.
Ilocsrarpajyhn CueHCKI1 npnxaa JIaBa na zteny rtpcrena (T. II/7) MO)l(eMO
npeTilOCTaBI1TI1 .n.a ce pazm 0 JIOKaJIHoj nponaaornsn. OBaKaB 'run npcren,a, 60raTl1je
113pa1)eH, HOCI1JIa je cpncxa BJIaCTeJIa. 3a Onl1CaHI1 neo npcrena MO)l(eMO rrpeTrrOCTaBI1TI1
zta je npnnanao HeKOM JIOKaJIHOM BJIaCTeJII1HY I1JII1 60raToM 3aHaTJIl1j 11, TproBUY I1JII1
saxymry uapaae, KOjl1 y OBOM nepnorty novau.y na napnpajy rrJIeMCTBy. JIaB 611 osne
npencranrsao xepanrm-nco ofienearje. Y npyroj rrOJIOBI1HI1 XIV 11 npsoj rrOJIOBI1HI1 XV
sexa xepaJI.n.I1'lI<I1 3HaK Hl1je BI1IIIe 03HaKa anaztapa 11 n.er-oae noponnue I1JII1 6JIl1CKl1X
Cpo.n.HI1Ka, Ben YCTaJbeHa norpefia BeJII1KaIIIKI1X noponnua cpncxe cpeznsomsexoaae
BJIaCTeJIe. Y TOM nepnorry, py.n.HI1UI1 xao jenan on 113BOpa rrpnxozra, HI1CY BI1IIIe
BJIaCHl1ilITBO nnanapa, Ben nocreneno npenase y pyxe KpyrrHe BJIaCTeJIe, xoja no-nose zta
xyje CBOj HOBau ca CBOjl1M 03HaKaMa ('leCTO 11 na npcren.y) y Te)l(lhl1 na ce 113je.n.Ha'll1 ca
BJIa.n.apOM.22 BpeMeHCKI1 TO 611 onrosapano pacyrry cpncxe npacase, HaKOH LJ:yIIIaHoBe
CMpTI1. Y TOM nepnozty na OBOj reparopaja nnanajy PaCTI1CJIaBl1nl1, CprrCKI1 BJIaCTeJII1HI1,
Ba3aJIl1 yrapcxor napa JIy.n.oBI1Ka I (nopaxenn on KHe3a Jlasapa 1379. roznnre) KOjl1 cy
.n.aBaJII1 LJ:y6pOB'laHI1Ma y saxyn caoje uapl1He.23
3al1HTepeCoBaHocT LJ:y6pOB'laHa aa OBy repnropajy, jasrsa ce Ben y XIII nexy, a ca
paasojesr pyrtapcrna rrO'leTKOM XIV sexa, LJ:y6pOB'laHI1 noxasyjy Bene mrrepecoaaa,e xoje
nnje npecrajano HI1 aa speere 'rypcxe .n.OMI1HaUl1je nan OBOM 06JIaIIIny. LJ:y6pOB'laHI1 ce
naj-reurhe rrOMl1lhY xao aaxyrmn uapl1Ha.
24
C 063l1pOM na I1CTOpl1jCKI1 nosnare 'll1lheHl1ue
o npncycrny LJ:y6pOB'laHa y OBOj 06JIaCTI1, npcren ca xepaJI.n.I1'lKI1M npmcasov 11
HaTrrI1COM na maBI1 11 xa PI1UI1 (T. 1/1) 6110 611 pan .n.y6pOBa'lKI1X MajCTopa. OBO 611 ce
.raxohe, Momo rrpl1MeHI1TI1 11 aa neo npcrena (T. II/6) 'll1jl1 TaKaB CTI1JICKI1 npaxas xpaaa
unje rr03HaT aa cpncxoxi cpe.n.lhOBeKOBHOM npcren.y. EI1JII1 611 CMO CKJIOHI1 zta nco onor
npcrena Be)l(eMO aa pan .n.y6pOBa'lKI1X I1JII1 KOTOpCKI1X srajcropa, aJII1 I1CTO TaKO MopaMO
I1MaTI1 y BI1.n.y na nojennan rp60Bl1 ca CBOjl1M crreUJ1(lm'lHocTI1Ma Be3aHl1M aa cnpeheno
nonpysje I1Majy I1HTepHaUI10HaJIHI1 xapaxrep.P
OqYBaHI1 zteo npcrena (T. IlI8) npnnanao 611 XIV 11 XV sexy, speueny cpncxe
.n.ecrrOTOBI1He xana ce MOTI1B posere, 'leTBOpOJII1CTa, jasn,a y 6POjHl1M napnjarrraua 11
yxnana y opHaMeHTI1Ky Mopaacxe apxnrexrype, rzre nenora KaMeHor yxpaca, npennera,
npeJIa311 na npcrea.e xao IIITO je cnyxaj ca OJIOBHI1M rrpCTeHOM 113 osor pana (T. III9).
21 M. LJ.HlIHh, EpaliWICBO y CpC,UlhCM BCKy, CpUCKe 3eMlbe y cpeqnseu eetcy, Bcorpaa 1978,91-92,95-97; M.
OOIJOBHh, B. Huanaurcnnh, HaB. qeno, 127.
22 E. Panojxonnh, Hasutu... , 161, 165.
23 M. LJ.HlIHh, HaB. qeno, 98-99.
24 Iictuo 110 112
25 G. Pa;ojKo'BHh,llaKlIfii ... , 114, 162.
293
fJlaCHl1K CA)J; 15-16 (1999-2000) 113 apxeonoiuxax 3611PKl1
3a rrap Bl1Cenl1X nayunnma (CJl. 2) ql1je cy ananornje nahene y )J;y60B1W, LJ:aTOBaHe
y XVI BeK, CKJlOHl1 CMO LJ:a nepyjexro LJ:a nora-ry ca re reparopnje, c 06311pOM LJ:a ce
)J;y60BaI-l HaJla311 nacnpaxi Crapor KOCTOJlI-la. MO)l{LJ:a cy nocnene xao rrpOLJ:yKT
TprOBl1He, jep je sa rpaziose rrOLJ:113aHe LJ:Y)l{ )J;yHaBa, nosaara TpaLJ:l1I-ll1ja 0 lhl1XOBOj
nexonaoj nsrpana,a na l1CTOM MecTy najseurhe jenan nacnpaxr npyror (c 06e crpane
pexe), pann rraxure TprOBl1He, opraaaaosaa.a napnae 11 zrpyro. Taxo ce na LJ:eCHoj 06aJll1
)J;yHaBa HaJla311 Mopasa ()J;y6paBl1I-la), na neaoj KOBl1H; nacnpasr Bpana-reaa (Crapn
KOCTOJlaI-l) je )J;y60BaI-l; nacnpaxr Pasta je Xapasr (Banarcxa I1aJlaHKa).26
Marepnjan KOjl1 ca-nnsaaa onaj nanaa nperexoro je napahea OLJ: cpe6pa lllTO
ynyhyje LJ:a ra je KOPl1CT110 ortpehean cranezc rpancxe nonynannje. Haxo osaj nanas He
npencrasn,a jeLJ:l1HCTBeHY I-leJll1HY 11 noraxe ca 111l1pe rpancxe 30He Viminaciuma, MO)l{e
HaM nOMOnl1 y ynorrryu.aaan.y npane CJll1Ke 0 KyJlTypHOM )l{l1BOTy CTaHOBHl1111TBa
CpeLJ:lhOBeKOBHor Bpaan-rena y pa3Hl1M BpeMeHCKl1M rrep110LJ:l1Ma. Mel)YTl1M, LJ:a 611 ce
LJ:0611Jla no-myna CJll1Ka, Mopajy ce Y3eTl1 y 06311p CBl1 CpeLJ:lhOBeKOBHl1 HaJla311 KOjl1
norn-ry ca OBe Tepl1TOpl1je. Hexra cysnse, LJ:a je y pa3Jll1Ql1Tl1M rrep110LJ:l1Ma OBO noztpyxje
611JlO rrOLJ: jaKl1M yrnuaje pa3Hl1X xyrrrypa, lllTO je CBaKaKO oxroryhano 60raTcTBo
HaKl1Ta y norrreny pa3HOBpCHOCTl1 06Jll1Ka, BpCTa 11 sapajaaru xoje cy uajxeurhe 113Hl1KJle
xao npOLJ:yKT LJ:OManer JlOKaJlHOr CTaHOBHl1111TBa.
Pa3HOJll1KOCT MaTepl1jana ofipaheaor y OBOM paLJ:Y, LJ:eJll1Ml1QHO HaM je ojaoryhao
carnenanarse CJll1Ke, acropnje, apxeonornje jeLJ:HOr ztena cpncxor I10LJ:yHaBJba, a 11
l1CTOQHe Cpfinje 11 noxasao npecex MaTepl1jaJla KOjl1 je 6110 OMl1JbeH na OBOM nonpysjy
Kp03 paane BpeMeHCKe nepaozie.
Y)J;K:904:739.2(497.11)" 11115"
SURVEY OF RANSOMED JEWELLRY IN THE MEDIEVAL COLLECTION OF THE
NATIONAL MUSEUM IN POZAREVAC
The National museum in Pozarevac bought from a private owner, on 24th February
1998, bought 39 archeological objects, which originate from a wider town area of the
locality Viminacium. From those 39 objects which make a find, 13 belong to the medieval
collection, 2 to the prehistoric and 24 finds to the antique colleltion.
The medieval finds consist of a cast earring ofthe valline type, and a pair of the silver
hanging earrings made in the technique of filigree and granulation.
Besides those two earrings the medieval collection contains 10 cast rings (6 silver, 2
bronze and 1 lead ring), from those rings one is preserved completely, 3 are partly preserved
and 6 heads of the rings with different engraved figures (lily, lily and a cross, a lion, a double
cross and a two-headed eagle). A ring with a heraldic figure and the inscription on the head
represents an exceptional find.
The processed material involves the period from 12th to 16th century.
Translated by Radmila Bojovic
26 M. Ii n. JaHKOBIih, Cnoeeuu Y}YZOCfloeeIlCKOM Iloqyuaen.y, Beorpan 1990,42.
294
o. MI1JIOBI1n Cpe,LUhOBeKOBHI1 HaKI1T YHapOLJ:HOM My3ejy y Iloxapesuy
I
2
f: .. ) .. ~
Hi It. R
o
Ta6JlU I - Ilpciueu ca xepanqusucus: t7puKa30M ua 2Jla6U U nauiunuuuuu uauuiucou ua 2Jla6U U tcapuuu
Table I - A ring with a heraldic detail on the head and an inscription in Latin letters on the head and the link
295
Tnacaax CA)J, 15-16 (1999-2000) .vb apXeOJIOlllKHX 36HpKH
1.
r>.
3.
(
o 2
7.
9.

/ 5.
o
A
2.
6.
8.
Tatina II - Pasnuxuuiu tuuuoeu upctuetea
Table II - Various types a/rings
296