Unit 17 adverbs: functions,types, placement,and meaning

Vocabulary: Stereotype= a prefixed idea that is wrong or unfair Spirited= enthusiastic Controversial= causing disagreement Alongside= together with Compulsory= obligatory Spread out= distributed Evenly= equally Worthwhile= valuable

Unit 17 : Adverbs what's her job?

Comprehension questions

What is Mike Burns' opinion of the military in general?

Does Burns think that women are too weak to serve? What does Sarah Lopez think about voluntary military service? What is Lopez' reason for supporting required

military service?

Your opinion !

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a volunteer army?

If military service is not required, should young people do some kind of national service?

( helping the poor, building infraestructure, etc)

Grammar note 1

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs:

I speak fluently. This unit has a very controversial matter. Susan performs really well in the military.

There are adverbs of manner,time,place,and frequency.( fluently, early, there,often)

Grammar note 2

Adverbs of manner: He answered carefully.

Adverbs of time:We`ll join the military tomorrow.

Adverbs of place: I go to school here.

Adverbs of frequency: Tom occasionally exercises

A more complete list is in your book( pg 300 ) What action do you do happily? What will you do soon?

The institute is downtown. Do you live here?

What do you do occasionally?

Grammar note 3

ATTENTION !

Some adverbs modify entire sentences and they are called sentence adverbs or viewpoint adverbs. Clearly, I'm in favor of military service. I'm in favor of military service, clearly. I'm clearly in favor of military service.

Common sentence adverbs: basically, certainly,actually,fortunately,hopefully,mainly,

obviously,maybe,perhaps,surely

Sentence adverbs
What governement decision do you support basically?
_______, I support their effort against illegal ___ Do your parents agree with having women in the military? They don't like the______, _______.

Grammar note 4

Focus adverbs concentrate on a word or phrase:

Even my grandmother supports women in the military.

Just John came to the dinner.( no one else came) John came just to the dinner. ( he was at the dinner but he didn't go to other events)

Put the adverb just in the correct position to mean: Helen doesn't like me/ it's that simple
Helen likes me and other people.

Helen____doesn't____like___me.

Grammar note 5

ATTENTION !

Negative adverbs ( hardly, in no way, little, neither, never, not only, only, rarely, seldom ) force INVERSION when they come at the beginning of a sentence. Compare:

Mario is seldom on time.// Seldom is Mario on time.

Young recruits hardly ever stay in the military. Hardly ever do young recruits stay in the military.

Negative adverbs: look at these other examples

Not only do women join the military, but they also participate in combat.
My grandparents didn't see women in the military.Neither did my parents.

Put the negative adverbs at the beginning of the sentence:

I had never heard of women in combat. Young people hardly prefer to be in the military.
My dad never heard of women soldiers.

_______________________________.

________________________________.

_________________________________.

Grammar note 6

Other adverbs that force inversion are HERE and THERE:

Here comes the sargeant. There go the soldiers. Here is your gun. There is my report.

Grammar note 7

Adverbials are words or phrases that modify verbs, adjectives and adverbs too:

I called this afternoon. Tina goes to the institute on foot. I prefer to travel by plane.

Focused practice
1B CAN THE SENTENCES BE REWRITTEN AS SHOWN WITHOUT CHANGING THE MEANING? WHY? 1 YES ,IT CAN BECAUSE A SENTENCE ADVERB CAN BE PLACED AT THE BEGINNING OT THE END OF A SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING THE MEANING. 2 NO, IT CAN'T BECAUSE IN THE FIRST THE FOCUS IS ON I , AND IN THE SECOND THE FOCUS IS ON THE VERB FIND.

Communication Practice
8 warm up: Do you think women should be in combat ? If so, are there any conditions?
Vocabulary: Somewhat= a little Advisable= recommended

Communication practice: 9
Capital punishment:
Do you believe in capital punishment? Why or why not? Reasons in favor: Reasons against When reporting to the group, use SENTENCE ADVERBS, FOCUS ADVERBS, AND NEGATIVE ADVERBS: Basically, I'm in favor of capital punishment for two reasons. First, we are experiencing an increment in crime.

Communication practice 9
More topics: taxes----should taxes be raised or lowered? Why?

Universal health care: what do you think of public hospitals in Peru? Should the government provide health care to every peruvian? Why? How?
Electric cars--- what do you think of electric cars? Why are they better than gasoline-powered cars? Video links for * 9 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRxMUtFo OYU

Communication practice 9
CONTROVERSIAL TOPICS: Watch the video and pay attentions to the opinions and reasons expressed. What is the topic ?Do you agree or disagree with them? Why? DEBATE THE TOPIC IN SMALL GROUPS Use adverbs !!!

I'm definitely (not) in favor of...mainly because...

Basically, I'm (not) in favor of...

I even believe that...

Not only should... but(they) should also... I'm a pretty conservative/accepting person, but...