NAME : MOHAMAD HARITH BIN HABIB RAHMAN

CLASS : 5 AKAS
IC NO :
TEACHER : PN. VIJAYALETCHUMY



No. CONTENT Page Remark

1 Introduction

Brief History

2 Part A I Statistical Graphs


Allocation of RM100 Bantuan
Khas Awal Persekolahan B13
II
Mean and Standard
Deviation

total savings out of RM100 III Comments

3 Part B I Calculation of interest I


II Calculation of interest II


III Comments

4 Part C I Forming equation


II Graph using equation given


III Best Fit Graph


IV
Derive information from
graph
5 Further Exploration

Choosing saving plans

6 Reflection






















The students of form 5 who are taking Additional Mathematics are
required to carry out this project work. According to the guideline of this project
work, the project work can be either done individually or in groups. However,
I've chose to do this project individually. This project work essentially
contributes 10% of the marks for the trial examination of the Sijil Pelajaran
Malaysia (SPM). The objectives of this project work are as follows:
apply mathematics to everyday situations and appreciate the aesthetical
values of mathematics
develop mathematical knowledge and skills in a way which increases
students interest and confidence
enhance learning effectiveness through less exam-oriented and inquiry-
based learning.
improve problem-solving skills, thinking skills and mathematical reasoning.














Mathematics plays an important role in the human exploration of reality
both in respect of its own kind and other investigation. Mathematics gives the
basis or tool for all sort of discoveries. On the other hand, mathematical
reasoning makes us to be more rational. Mathematics also have a significant
role in dealing with a colossal amount of data such as programming, financial
analysis, accountancy,etc. Mathematics is analogous to a language - the more
one excel in it, the better he/she gets in it. Essentially, this is why our Math
teachers often accentuate us to do a lot of practices on math problems,
particularly on the concepts which we find it hard to grasp. In this coursework,
we're going to dive into the world of statistics which plays an important role in
our daily life.











Statistics
Statistics is the study of data - how to collect, summarize and present data. But
what is data in the first place? Data is a collection of facts, such as values or
measurements. It can be numbers, words, measurements, observations or even
just descriptions of things. Data can be qualitative or quantitative.
Qualitative data is descriptive information (it describes something)
Quantitative data, is numerical information (numbers).


Statistics is a set of tools used to organize and analyze data. Data must either be
numeric in origin or transformed by researchers into numbers. For instance,
statistics could be used to analyze percentage scores English students receive on
a grammar test: the percentage scores ranging from 0 to 100 are already in
numeric form. Statistics could also be used to analyze grades on an essay by
assigning numeric values to the letter grades, e.g., A=4, B=3, C=2, D=1, and F=0.
Employing statistics serves two purposes, (1) description and (2) prediction.
Statistics are used to describe the characteristics of groups. These
characteristics are referred to as variables. Data is gathered and recorded for
each variable. Descriptive statistics can then be used to reveal the distribution
of the data in each variable.
Statistics is also frequently used for purposes of prediction. Prediction is based
on the concept of generalizability: if enough data is compiled about a particular
context (e.g., students studying writing in a specific set of classrooms), the
patterns revealed through analysis of the data collected about that context can
be generalized (or predicted to occur in) similar contexts. The prediction of what
will happen in a similar context is probabilistic. That is, the researcher is not
certain that the same things will happen in other contexts; instead, the
researcher can only reasonably expect that the same things will happen.
Prediction is a method employed by individuals throughout daily life. For
instance, if writing students begin class every day for the first half of the
semester with a five-minute freewriting exercise, then they will likely come to
class the first day of the second half of the semester prepared to again freewrite
for the first five minutes of class. The students will have made a prediction
about the class content based on their previous experiences in the class:
Because they began all previous class sessions with freewriting, it would be
probable that their next class session will begin the same way. Statistics is used
to perform the same function; the difference is that precise probabilities are
determined in terms of the percentage chance that an outcome will occur,
complete with a range of error. Prediction is a primary goal of inferential
statistics.














PART A



Statistics
On October 25 2013, the Prime Minister in tandem with Finance Minister,
Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak has approved an allocation of RM 540 million for
Bantuan Khas Awal Persekolahan 1Malaysia while presenting the Budget Year
2014. All students from Year 1 to Form 5 for 2014 school session will receive
RM 100 each. As a student receiving such aid, this is how I would use the
money:
I would mostly spend the money on books - reference books, exercise
books and story books. This is to aid my studies and as a preparation for
the upcoming public exam - Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM).
Following that, I would spend quite a number of the money on
transportation. This is because I often spend some time outdoors after
school - tuition class, co-curricular activities and religious sermons in
mosques.
I would spend the least on food. Most of the time, I would avoid going to
the eateries.
I will save the rest of the money for future expenses in case of an
emergency.




20%
30%
40%
10%
My Expenditure From The
Financial Aid
Food
Transportation
Books
Savings

I've conducted an online survey regarding the savings of 5 Akas from the
financial aid and here's the outcome:

Data presentation:








Histogram








TotalSaving
(RM)

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100
Number of
Pupils

5

3

2

6

4

1

3

2

2

1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
RM10 RM20 RM30 RM40 RM50 RM60 RM70 RM80 RM90 RM100
N
u
m
b
e
r

O
f

P
u
p
i
l
s

Total Savings
Total Savings Of 5 Akas From The Financial Aid

Pie Chart

Frequency Polygon


RM10
17%
RM20
10%
RM30
7%
RM40
21%
RM50
14%
RM60
4%
RM70
10%
RM80
7%
RM90
7%
RM100
3%
Total Savings Of 5 Akas From The Financial
Aid
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
RM10 RM20 RM30 RM40 RM50 RM60 RM70 RM80 RM90 RM100
N
u
m
b
e
r

O
f

P
u
p
i
l
s

Total Savings
Total Savings Of 5 Akas From The Financial Aid
Mean And Standard Deviation:
(Ungrouped data)





x = 5(10)+3(20)+2(30)+6(40)+4(50)+1(60)+3(70)+2(80)+2(90)+1(100)
5+3+2+6+4+1+3+2+2+1
= 45.5
46




=

= 25.62
26
TotalSaving
(RM)

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100
Number of
Pupils

5

3

2

6

4

1

3

2

2

1
Mean,x = fx
f

Standard deviation,


(Grouped data)



x =
5(5.5)+3(15.5)+2(25.5)+6(35.5)+4(45.5)+1(55.5)+3(65.5)+2(75.5)+2(85.5)+1(95.5)
29
= 41.01
41




=

= 26.49
27
Total Saving
(RM)

1~
10

11~
20

21~
30

31~
40

41~
50

51~
60

61~
70

71~
80

81~
90

91~
100
Class mark

5.5

15.5

25.5

35.5

45.5

55.5

65.5

75.5

85.5

95.5
Number of
Pupils

5

3

2

6

4

1

3

2

2

1
Mean,x = fx
f

Standard deviation,



Comments:
Mean and standard deviation is handy in analysing a large amount of data.
Mean, as a part of central tendency shows the average of a data. Essentially,
mean is the basis of standard deviation which is also a part of measures of
dispersion. Standard deviation indicates how much a data varies from its mean
or average. The average or mean savings of 5 Akas as shown in the ungrouped
data is RM 46. This shows that the overall saving of the students is RM 46. On
the other hand, the standard deviation of the data is 26. This indicates that
each students' savings varies a lot from the mean saving. (Standard deviation is
larger if data varies more).

If each student was given an additional RM 50, the new mean is, 50+46 =
RM96. The standard deviation remains the same, that is 26.







PART B
Assuming that I have saved the whole amount of the aid in Bank X which offers
a profit of 3% per annum, this is how I could calculate my total savings after 10
years:
Method 1:
100 x 1.03
10
= 134.39
Method 2:

The total savings after 10 years is RM 134.39
Assuming that I have saved the whole amount of the aid in Bank X which offers
a profit of 0.25 per month, this is how I could calculate my total savings after 10
years:
Method 1:
100 x 1.0025
120
= 134.94
Method 2:

The total savings after 10 years is RM 134.94
Discussion:
The total savings in both banks increases exponentially. The profit earned in
Bank Y is greater than the profit earned in Bank X by 1.6%.






PART C




Functions

Savings in RM of two students, Ali and Muthu for the first seven months, where
x is Ali's savings and y is Muthu's savings:


Non- linear graph :

x 25 35 51 65 77 90 100
y 50 51 52 54 61 67 73











0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Graph of y against x


Non-linear graph reduced into linear graph:









Both non-linear graph and linear graph represents Ali's and Muthu's
savings which are related by its respective functions . Linear graph is
easier to interpret. Non-linear graph relates the saving of both students
to increase exponentially. Whereas, the linear graph relates the savings
of both student to increase linearly.


0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Graph of xy against x
2

x
2
625 1225 2601 4225 5929 8100 10000
xy 1250 1785 2652 3510 4697 6030 7300
Finding the value of constant k and p :

represents the slope, m of the graph and represents the y-
intercept, c of the graph.





(RM55)
2
= RM3025
Muthu's saving is approximately RM2800 when Ali's savings is RM3025.

Further Exploration
I've done some researches on basic savings plans from two different
financial institution - MayBank and Bank Simpanan Nasional (BSN).

Rates :

Credit Balance Interest Rate
Up to
RM25,000
0.30%
Up to
RM50,000
0.40%
Up to
RM100,000
0.95%
Up to
RM200,000
1.35%
Up to
RM500,000
1.56%
Above
RM500,000
1.66%

Rates:

Credit Balance Inerest Rate
Up to RM5,000 0.40%
Up to RM50,000 0.80%
Above RM50,000 1.10%
Benefits:
Earn interest irrespective of account balance
No service or maintenance charge as long
as a minimum balance of RM20 is maintained
Free mini statement



Benefits:

Ease of account opening with very low initial
deposit.
Savings Passbook provided.
Waiver of annual fee for Bank Card / ATM Card.
Free six (6) over the counter visits per month.
Free eight (8) ATM Cash Withdrawals per
month.
Free ATM Mini Statement.
No charges imposed upon closing of account.*


My comments:
Based on my comparison of both saving plans, I would choose to
have a Bank Simpanan Nasional account. It is because that the interest
rates provided by this bank is higher than MayBank. Thus, I would be
able to earn more profit.













Reflection
This coursework means a lot to me because I was able to learn many stuffs
throughout this coursework. By conducting this coursework, I was able to learn
on how to practically apply mathematical skills in real-life situations. Thus, it
provided me a better understanding of the topics which are being discussed in
this project work.
Apart from that, this coursework has also enhanced my skills in terms of
technology. I had to virtually draw charts, graphs and type out various
mathematical equations which needs some kind of knowledge in computers -
this coursework has provided me that knowledge.
This coursework has also taught me to be independent. Everything that
can be seen in this coursework - words, graphs, charts, and equations are
genuinely drawn and typed by myself though I had referred some sources to
ensure my work is correct. To some degree, the fact that this work of mine is
genuine satisfies me.
Indirectly, I consider this coursework as a revision for my upcoming
examination. It is because, while carrying out this task, I had to revise previous
topics in order to complete this work.