BOOK REVIEWS 477

The work under review, long awaited by thoe

who knew it to be !orth"o#ing, i the reult o! the
"ollaborative work o! year, not to ay de"ade,
on the $art o! an international %"abal% o! author
who give their &oint addre, at the end o! the
$re!a"e, a %The Earth,% $erha$ anti"i$ating that
u"h in!or#ation #ight not be redundant !or o#e
!uture reader'
The reader !irt need to know that the word
%re$reentation% in the title i not ued in an ab(
tra"t ene )a in, !or e*a#$le, %re$reentation o!
grou$%+ but in the nonte"hni"al ene o! the word
%reali,ation,% i'e', in addition to general theory the
author are "on"erned with $e"i!i" re$reentation,
i'e', #odel, o! the "ontrol yte# "lae under
e*a#ination' In both thi and the theoreti"al ene
thee volu#e will be wel"o#ed by thoe working
in in!inite di#enional "ontrol theory and it #any
#ani!etation in ter# o! ordinary, !un"tional, and
$artial di!!erential e-uation, all o! whi"h are
"onidered, in turn, in the te*t'
The !irt volu#e i #ainly "on"erned with laying
the groundwork !or the e"ond volu#e and that
beg a -uetion' I it $oible to write a book on
"ontrol o! in!inite di#enional yte# without
giving, in e!!e"t, a graduate "oure in e#igrou$,
$artial di!!erential e-uation, et"', in the !irt !ew
"ha$ter. The reviewer ha an un!inihed
#anu"ri$t on the ub&e"t )$ubliher/ I0ll "all you+'
What are the !irt !ew "ha$ter about. Se#igrou$,
$araboli", and hy$erboli" 12E, et"'3 It doe ee#
a little bit late in the develo$#ent o! the ub&e"t !or
that to be ne"eary, but ea"h $reentation o!
in!inite di#enional "ontrol theory ee# to re-uire
a $arti"ular ele"tion o! reult !ro# thee
!unda#ental ub&e"t area not eaily ae#bled by
#erely "iting re!eren"e, $arti"ularly in regard to
the in"luion o! in$ut and out$ut #e"hani# o!
variou kind, o!ten involving unbounded
o$erator, ditribution, !ra"tional $ower o!
o$erator, et"' In thi re$e"t it ee# likely that
4ha$ter 4, %2i!!erential Syte# with 2elay,% will
be $arti"ularly valuable in the $reent work,
re$reenting, a it doe, the "olle"ted e*$ertie o!
everal o! the $rin"i$al #odern develo$er o! the
theory who have worked with "ontrol a$$li"ation
in #ind'
In Volu#e II the author !irt review the tan(
dard theory o! linear !inite di#enional yte#,
in"luding o#e #aterial on the H' theory' Thi
theory wa rather new at the outet o! their "ol(
laboration, and thi ee# to be re!le"ted in the la"k
o! e*tenive additional treat#ent o! that ub&e"t in
the ret o! the book whi"h, in it treat#ent o!
o$ti#al "ontrol, i $ri#arily "on"erned with
-uadrati" o$ti#i,ation "riteria'
The real a"tion tart with 4ha$ter 5, $arti"(
ularly e"tion 6(7, where e*a"t "ontrollability o!
yte# with a kew y##etri" generator are
treated in detail' 8ere the author have given o#e
u!!i"ient "ondition !or e*a"t "ontrollability, baed
on the 8ilbert 9ni-uene :ethod o! ;'(<' <ion,
and have indi"ated the a$$li"ability o! thee
theore# to a wide "la o! $roble#, in"luding the
wave e-uation and the :a*well e-uation' It
a$$ear, however, that the real work in u"h
"ontrollability tudie lie in veri!ying the e*tenive
hy$othee o! their theore#, whi"h uually entail
the ue o! #ulti$lier #ethod, "attering theory
reult, et"'' The reviewer0 e*$erien"e i that by the
ti#e one ha done that work there i uually a #ore
dire"t route to "o#$letion o! the deired
"ontrollability reult than by the 89: reult
$reented here' 8owever, thee theore#, in their
generality o! tate#ent, are new to thi reviewer
and are al#ot "ertain to be the ub&e"t o! e*tenive
review and %digetion,% $arti"ularly on the $art o!
=orth >#eri"an reear"her who have been ued to
a #ore %"ae by "ae% a$$roa"h'
The e"ond and third $art o! Volu#e II, "on(
iting o! i* "ha$ter altogether, are devoted to
linear -uadrati" o$ti#al "ontrol theory and related
to$i", u"h a tabili,ation, olution o! di!!erential,
and algebrai" Ri""ati e-uation' Thee "ha$ter
bring together #any i#$ortant reult hitherto
rather "attered and will "one-uently be a valuable
reear"h reour"e' One "an legiti#ately ak i! <?@
theory #erit u"h e*tenive "overage, $arti"ularly
in view o! ra$id advan"e in the H" theory o!
in!inite di#enional yte#, but it i $erha$ bet
not to try to e"ond gue the author too #u"h at
thi $oint' Overall, the two(volu#e work i an
i#$ortant addition to the "ontrol theory o! in!inite
di#enional yte#A it will be e*tenively read and
even #ore e*tenively "ited'
2' <' R9SSE<<
Blacksburg, Virginia
Stochastic Orders and their Applications. By
Moshe Shaked and J. George Shanthikumar.
>"ade#i" 1re, San 2iego, 4>, BCC4' D4D $$',
E7C'CD, "loth' ISB= F(B5(6G7B6F(7'
477 BOOK REVIEWS
Sto"hati" order and ine-ualitie are "loely
related to #athe#ati"al ine-ualitie and
tra"e their develo$#ent !ro# the day o!
@au, 4au"hy, and 4hebyhev' 2uring the
$at three de"ade the tudie o! the theory
and a$$li"ation o! to"hati" order have
been growing at an in"reaing rate' In
addition to the e*iten"e o! #any reear"h
arti"le, everal #onogra$h have been
$ublihedA o#e "onvenient re!eren"e are
Karlin )BC67+, Barlow and 1ro"han )BC7D+,
:arhall and Olkin )BC7C+, Tong )BC7F+,
Eaton )BC77+, and 2har#adhikari and ;oag(
2ev )BC77+' Thi volu#e, written by two
noted reear"her with the "ollaboration o!
o#e o! their "olleague, re$reent the
latet addition to thi area'
Bai"ally, the volu#e "ontain two $art/
the general theory and it a$$li"ation' The
"ha$ter on general theory )4ha$ter B(6+
were written by the author' The
a$$li"ation $art in"lude !our "ha$ter on
a$$li"ation in tatiti", one "ha$ter ea"h
on a$$li"ation in biology and in
e"ono#i", and two "ha$ter ea"h on
a$$li"ation in o$eration reear"h and in
reliability theory' The a$$li"ation "ha$ter
were $re$ared by the "olleague o! the
author and edited by the#' The whole
book i -uite "onitent, and the to$i"
treated in the two $art are interrelated' Hor
e*a#$le, the notion o! "onve* order,
#onotone "onve* order, and to"hati"
"onve* order are treated "o#$rehenively
in the !irt $art o! the book )Se"tion 5'>,
4ha$ter G, D, and Se"tion 6'>+, and thee
notion are then ued in two ee#ingly
unrelated a$$li"ation in the a$$li"ation
$art )Se"tion 7'> on variability order in
#ultivariate tatiti" and Se"tion BB'B and
BB'F on to"hati" ordering o! e$ide#i"+'
On the one hand, the reader "an !ind out
about the i#$ortant notion and related ana(
lyti"al reult in the area o! to"hati"
order' >nd on the other hand, the
a$$li"ation o! u"h notion in variou
!ield are "learly de#ontrated by the
"ha$ter in the a$$li"ation $art o! the
book' Thi uni-ue !eature #ake the book
very valuable, and it hould alo be
a""eible to reader whoe $ri#ary
reear"h interet are not to"hati" order'
The "ontent o! the "ha$ter o! thi book
"an be brie!ly de"ribed a !ollow/
)I+ @eneral Theory'
4ha$ter B' 9nivariate to"hati" order/
The uual to"hati" order, the ha,ard rate
order, the likelihood ratio order, the #ean
reidual li!e order, and their i#$li"ation'
4ha$ter 5' 9nivariate variability order/
the "onve* order, the univariate di$erive
and $eakedne order'
4ha$ter G' 9nivariate #onotone "onve*,
#onotone "on"ave, and tran!or# order
)tar and u$eradditive order+'
4ha$ter 4, D' :ultivariate
generali,ation o! the notion in 4ha$ter B
and 5, their i#$li"ation, and related reult'
4ha$ter 6' Sto"hati" "onve*ity and
to"hati" "on"avity'
)II+ >$$li"ation 1art )the na#e o! the
"ontributor !ollow the "ha$ter nu#ber+'
4ha$ter 7 )I' <' Tong+' >$$li"ation o!
#ultivariate "onve* order and $eakedne
order in #ultivariate tatiti"'
4ha$ter 7 )B' Bhatta"hary a and R' <'
2yktra+' >$$li"ation o! uual to"hati"
order and ha,ard rate order in #a*i#u#
likelihood eti#ation and hy$othei
teting'
4ha$ter C )>' 4ohen and 8' B'
Sa"krowit,+' >$$li"ation o! de$enden"e
and ao"iation in #ultivariate unbiaed
hy$othei teting $roble#'
4ha$ter BF )E' Torgeren+' > long
"ha$ter on how to"hati" order "an be
a$$lied in tatiti"al de"iion theory,
in!or#ation ordering, and "o#$arion o!
tatiti"al e*$eri#ent'
4ha$ter BB )4' <e!evre+' >$$li"ation to
to"hati" ordering o! e$ide#i" when the
"o##unity "onit o! heterogeneou
grou$ o! "arrier and u"e$tible'
4ha$ter B5 ):' S"arini+' >$$li"ation to
buine and e"ono#i", $arti"ularly on
rik, rik averion, $laying lottery, buying
inuran"e, and $ort!olio theory'
4ha$ter BG )R' Righter+' >$$li"ation o!
the uual to"hati" order, likelihood ratio
order, and #onotone "onve* order to the
"heduling o! &ob on #a"hine'
4ha$ter B4 );' @' Shanthiku#ar and 2' 2'
Iao+' > "lear de#ontration howing how
and why "ertain to"hati" order are
relevant and $arti"ularly e!!i"ient in
tudying "loed ;a"kon network in
-ueueing theory'
4ha$ter BD )8' W' Blo"k and T' 8'
Savit+' >$$li"ation o! the uual to"hati"
order to the "o#$arion o! #aintenan"e
$oli"ie in yte# reliability theory'
4ha$ter B6 )1' ;' Boland and H' 1ro"han+'
>$$li"ation o! the uual to"hati" order
and the ha,ard rate order to tandby
redundan"y i#$rove#ent and o$ti#al
allo"ation o! reour"e in yte# reliability
theory'
In addition to a "o#$rehenive treat#ent
o! thee to$i", the "ha$ter in both $art I
and II alo "ontain #any reult that
originally a$$eared
BOOK REVIEWS 47C
in re"ently $ublihed $a$er by the author,
the "ontributor, and their "olleague'
> noted in the $re!a"e o! the book, the
author have in #ind a wide $e"tru# o!
reader o! thi book' In addition to the reader
who already have o#e !a#iliarity with the
area o! to"hati" order, it hould be ue!ul to
reear"her in the variou area who are
$ri#arily %uer% o! to"hati" order' The
book hould alo be a""eible to advan"ed
graduate tudent in tatiti" and $robability,
#athe#ati", reliability theory, o$eration
reear"h, and "ertain other !ield'
Hurther#ore, it "an be ued !or a graduate
e#inar "oure on to"hati" order and their
a$$li"ation'
REHERE=4ES
R. . B!R"#$ !%& '. (R#S)H!% *+,-./, Statistical
0heory o1 Reliability and "i1e 0esting, Holt, Rine2
hart and $inston, %e3 4ork.
S. &H!RM!&H56!R5 !%& 6. J#!G2&V *+,77/,
8nimodality, )on9e:ity and !;;lications, !cademic
(ress, %e3 4ork.
M. ". !0#% *+,7-/, "ectures on 0o;ics in (robability
5ne<ualities, )entre 1or Mathematics and )om;uter
Science, !msterdam, the %etherlands.
S. 6!R"5% *+,=7/, 0otal (ositi9ity, Vol. +, Stan1ord
8ni9ersity (ress, Stan1ord, )!.
!. $. M!RSH!"" !%& 5. #"65% *+,-,/, 5ne<ualities>
0heory o1 Ma ?ori@ation and 5ts !;;lications,
!cademic (ress, %e3 4ork.
4. ". 0#%G *+,7A/, (robability 5ne<ualities in Mul2
ti9ariate &istributions, !cademic (ress, %e3 4ork.
I' <' TO=@
Georgia 5nstitute o1 0echnology
>lgorith#i" >lgebra' By B. Mishra. S$ringer(
Verlag, =I, BCCG' 4B6 $$', EGC'CD, "loth'
ISB= F(G77(C4FCF(B'
The book tart out with an overview o! the
hitori"al develo$#ent o! algorith#i" algebra
!ro# the 8indu and >l(Khwari,#i to
Krone"ker and the y#boli" "o#$utation o!
today' >!ter the introdu"tion o! o#e bai"
algebrai" "on"e$t, the !our #ain to$i" o! the
book are develo$ed in ube-uent "ha$ter/
@robner bae, "hara"teriti" et, reultant
and ubreultant, and de"iion in the
ele#entary theory o! real "loed !ield'
@robner bae are de!ined in a very general
way !or $olyno#ial ideal over a "o##utative
ring R. The author take 8ead)@+ J 8ead) K+ a
the bai" de!inition o! a @robner bai G !or the
ideal 5. <ater on, the Bu"hberger algorith# !or
"ontru"ting @robner bae in $olyno#ial ring
over a !ield i de"ribed and $roved in detail'
So#e o! the "lai"al a$$li"ation o! @robner
bae are di"ued, u"h a the ideal #e#berhi$
$roble#, the ideal e-uality $roble#, and arith(
#eti" o$eration on ideal'
4hara"teriti" et, a introdu"ed by ;' H' Ritt
and a$$lied to geo#etry theore# $roving by
W'(
R' Wu, hare #any "hara"teriti" o!
@robner bae, u"h a the triangular
tru"ture' 8owever, they do not $reerve the
algebrai" $ro$erty o! being a bai o! the
original ideal' The WuLRitt $ro"e !or
"o#$uting a "hara"teriti" et i de"ribed and
ulti#ately a$$lied to geo#etry theore#
$roving in ele#entary geo#etry'
The "o#$utation o! $olyno#ial re#ainder
e-uen"e, u"h a in the Eu"lidean algorith#,
yield a way o! "o#$uting reultant o!
$olyno#ial' > very e!!i"ient verion o! u"h
a $olyno#ial re#ainder e-uen"e i the
ubreultant e-uen"e' 8abi"ht theory o!
ubreultant i $reented in !ull detail'
The lat #ain to$i" i the de"iion $roble#
in the ele#entary theory o! real "loed !ield'
The $roble# i to de"ide whether a !or#ula >
)*
i
, , :B/ hold over the real, where the ato#i"
!or#ula in > are o! the !or# (*:i , , :B/ '2 F, ;
a $olyno#ial with integer "oe!!i"ient' In the
BCGF0, >' Tarki howed that thi $roble# i
indeed de"idable' :ore re"ently @'E' 4ollin
de"ribed a de"iion $ro"edure baed on
"ylindri"al algebrai" de"o#$oition'
The book i well written and a reader with
a #odet ba"kground in algebra and "o#$uta(
tion will have no $roble# undertanding the
te*t' =u#erou e*er"ie #ake the book
valuable !or "oure work' 8owever, a reader
with a ba"kground in "o#$uter "ien"e will
#i "o#$le*ity analye o! the variou
algorith#'
HR>=M WI=K<ER
Johannes 6e;ler 8ni9ersitat "in@
<inear :atri* Ine-ualitie in Syte# and
4ontrol Theory' By S. Boyd, ". . Ghaoui, .
'eron, and V Balakrishnan. So"iety !or In(
dutrial and >$$lied :athe#ati",
1hiladel$hia, BCC4' BCG $$', EG6'DF, "loth'
ISB= F(7C77BGG4(N'