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Chapter 11

Exponential &
Logarithmic
Functions
Lesson 11.3
Standards:
Algebra II: This discipline complements and expands the
mathematical content and concepts of algebra I and geometry.
Students who master algebra II will gain experience with algebraic
solutions of problems in various content areas, including the solution of
systems of quadratic equations, logarithmic and exponential functions,
the binomial theorem, and the complex number system.

12.0 Students know the laws of fractional exponents, understand
exponential functions, and use these functions in problems involving
exponential growth and decay.

13.0 Students use the definition of logarithms to translate between
logarithms in any base.

14.0 Students understand and use the properties of logarithms to
simplify logarithmic numeric expressions and to identify their
approximate values.
Objectives:
*Convert between logarithmic form and
exponential form.
*Use the definition of logarithms to solve
simple logarithmic function.
*Sketch the graph of a logarithmic function.
*Simplify expressions involving logarithms.
Lesson 11.3
Logarithms & Exponents
The logarithmic function to the base a,
where a > 0 and a 1 is defined:
y = log
a
x if and only if x = a
y

exponential
form
logarithmic
form
When you convert an exponential to log form,
notice that the exponent in the exponential
becomes what the log is equal to.
Converting Between
Exponents & Logarithms
BASE
EXPONENT
= POWER
4
2
= 16

4 is the base ** 2 is the exponent ** 16 is the power

To convert to log
log
BASE
POWER=EXPONENT
log
4
16 = 2

Converting Between
Exponents & Logarithms
Log
BASE
POWER=EXPONENT
log
2
1/8 = -3

To convert to exponential form

BASE
EXPONENT
= POWER
2
-3
= 1/8

Examples: PS 11.3
Write in logarithmic form.
2. 3
2
= 9
6. 0.001 = 10
-3

10. (1/3)
-2
= 9

Write in exponential form.
14. log
2
8 = 3
18. log
9
9 = 1
23. log
5
(1/25) = -2



Examples: PS 11.3
Solve each following equations for x.
26. log
4
x = 3

31. log
8
2 = x

35. log
x
5 = 3



Examples: PS 11.3
Sketch the graph.
37. y = log
3
x




Examples: PS 11.3
Sketch the graph.
38. y = log
1/2
x




Examples: PS 11.3
Simplify.
55. log
3
(log
6
6)


57. log
4
[log
2
(log
2
16)






Examples: PS 11.3
Solve.
pH = -log [H
+
]
59. H
+
= 10
-7



61. pH = 6


63. M? T = 100
M = log
10
T






Homework
Problem Set 11.3
TB pp.681-682
Multiples of 4, nos. 4,8,56
Even numbers 58-66

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