LAPORAN RESMI PRATIKUM

GEOLOGI DASAR

Disusun Oleh :
I GEDE ARYA PERDANA
131 . 10 . 1139

LABORATORIUM GEOLOGI DINAMIK

JURUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI
FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI MINERAL
INSTITUT SAINS & TEKNOLOGI AKPRIND
YOGYAKARTA
2013

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk menyelesaikan Praktikum Geologi Dasar
Semester I pada Jurusan Teknik Geologi Fakultas Teknologi Mineral Institut
Sains&Teknologi AKPRIND Yogyakarta.
Di serahkan pada
Asisten Pembimbing

Penyusun

Silvia Rita Bere Buti

I GEDE ARYA PERDANA

NIM 101.10.1048

NIM. 131.10.1139
DisetujuiOleh :
Asisten Praktikum Geologi Dasar

1. Subhan Arif

5. Antonius Kullo

(..)

(..)

2. Erwin Kurniadi

6. KrisantusBriaNahak

(..)

(..)

3. Adriano Dwichandra

7. FransiskusYohanes L.N

(..)

(..)

4. Annas Tri Prasetia

(..)
Mengetahui,
Kepala Laboratorium GeologiDinamik

Ir. H. Siwi Sanjoto, M.T

NIK. 86.555.31.E
ii

PRAKATA
Puji syukur saya panjatkan kepada tuhan yang maha Esa. Karena atas
rahmat, taufik, hidayah serta inayahnya kepada kita sehingga penyusun dapat
menyelesaikan Laporan Resmi Geologi Dasar dengan tepat waktu, oleh karena
itu penyusun mengucapkan terimakasih atas bantuan moril ataupun

materil

kepada :
1.

Ir. Dwi Indah Purnamawati, M.Si. selaku dosen mata kuliah Geologi
Dasar.

2.

Seluruh asisten mineralogi yang telah membimbing praktikum dan

memberikan ilmu pengetahuannya.

3.

Kedua

Orang

Tua

yang

telah

mendoakan

dan

memberi

dukungannya.
4.

Teman-teman yang telah membantu dalam memberikan kritik dan

saran sehingga laporan praktikum ini dapat selesai.

Penyusun menyadari bahwa laporan ini sangat jauh dari kesempurnaan

karena sesungguhnya kesempurnaan hanya milik Tuhan semesta alam ini, oleh
karena itu penyusun mohon kritik dan saran yang membangun guna
kesempurnaan laporan ini. Dan akhirnya semoga laporan ini dapat bermanfaat
bagi penyusun dan semua pihak.
Yogyakarta, Januari 2013
Penuyusun

iii

DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL............................................................................................i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.............................................................................ii
PRAKATA..........................................................................................................iii
DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................................iv
DAFTAR GAMBAR......................................................................................... .v
DAFTAR TABEL..............................................................................................vi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN....................................................................................1
I.1. Susunan Bumi.......................................................................................2
I.2. Mineral..................................................................................................8
I.3. Batuan..................................................................................................10
BAB II PENGENALAN BATUAN BEKU.....................................................12
II.1. Pengertian...........................................................................................12
II.2. Klasifikasi Batuan Beku.....................................................................15
II.3. Cara Pemerian Batuan Beku..............................................................17
BAB III PENGENALAN BATUAN SEDIMEN............................................26
III.1. Pengertian.........................................................................................26
III.2. Klasifikasi Batuan Sedimen..............................................................28
III.3. Cara Pemerian Batuan Sedimen.......................................................30
BAB IV PENGENALAN BATUAN METAMORF.......................................45
IV.1. Pengertian.........................................................................................45
IV.2. Klasifikasi Batuan Metamorf...........................................................47
IV.3. Cara Pemerian Batuan Metamorf.....................................................48
BAB V PENGENALAN FOSIL.......................................................................54
V.1. Pengertian..........................................................................................54
V.2. Jenis-Jenis Fosil.................................................................................54
V.3. Cara Pengamatan Fosil......................................................................58
BAB VI PENGENALAN GEOLOGI STRUKTUR......................................65
VI.1. Pengertian.........................................................................................65
VI.2. Macam-Macam Struktur Geologi.....................................................66
BAB VII PENGENALAN PERALATAN GEOLOGI..................................72
VII.1. Pengertian........................................................................................72
VII.2. Macam-Macam Peralatan Geologi Dan Cara Penggunaannya.......72
BAB VIII PENGENALAN PETA TOPOGRAFI..........................................81
VIII.1. Pengertian......................................................................................81
VIII.2. Bagian-Bagian Peta Topografi.......................................................79
BAB IX PENGENALAN GEOMORFOLOGI DAN GEOLOGI
CITRA PENGINDRAAN JAUH....................................................89
IX.1. Geomorfologi...................................................................................89
IX.2. Geologi Citra Pengindraan Jauh.92
BAB X KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN............................................................98
DAFTAR PUSTAKA........................................................................................99
LAMPIRAN.......

iv

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.Lapisan Bumi
(http://one-man-eka.blogspot.com/2013/02/)
Gambar 2.Siklus Batuan........................................................................................11
(http://basdargeophysics.wordpress.com/2012/04/16)
Gambar 3. zona Divergent, zona Convergent, . zona Transform..........................13
(http://haristepanus.wordpress.com/2010/08/)
Gambar 4. Bagan Struktur batuan beku................................................................14
(http://www.echogeo.net/2013/10/)
Gambar 5 Contoh Batuan Beku.............................................................................25
(http://geoenviron.blogspot.com/2012/03/)
Gambar 6.Contoh pemilahan ukuran butir batuan sedimen..................................35
(http://geoenviron.blogspot.com/2011/11/)
Gambar 7.Beberapa contoh batuan sedimen.........................................................44
(http://geografiupi2010.blogspot.com/2012/10/)
Gambar 8.Metamorfisme kontak/sentuh...............................................................45
(httpid.shvoong.comexact-scienceszoology2016260)
Gambar 9 Metamorfisme Regional.......................................................................46
(www.cms.fu-berlin.de/geo/fb/e-)
Gambar 10. Metamorfisme Facies .......................................................................47
(http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/lecture-9-exam-2/deck/5792067)
Gambar 11 Struktur Foliasi Batuan metamorf......................................................50
(http://biologiegeologia11.blogspot.com/2010/05/)
Gambar12 Tekstur batuan metamorf (Compton, 1985)........................................52
(http://noroadityo.wordpress.com/2012/04/26/batuan-metamorf/)
Gambar 13.Contoh fosil tidak berubah.................................................................55
(http://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/5149833ee374b4bc67000004/)
Gambar 14. Contoh fosil yang mengalami fermineralisasi...................................56
(http://khariswiratama.blogspot.com/)
Gambar 15. Fosil kerang yang Menjadi Fragmen di batuan sedimen...................56
(http://myrocktales.wordpress.com/2011/10/23/fosil/)
Gambar 16. Fosil Berupa mold.............................................................................57
(http://www.evolutioninternational.net/id/)
Gambar17. Proses Pemfosilan
59
(http://admin.harunyahya.com/indo/buku/atlas/atlas_02.html)
Gambar 18. Fosil Rangka Reptil...........................................................................60
(http://teknologi.news.viva.co.id/news/read/211756)
Gambar19. Fosil Jejak Kaki..................................................................................61
(http://desnaikhsandra.blogspot.com/2012/01)
Gambar 20. Fosil Yang sangat besar.....................................................................64
(http://politechnicstateofsemarang.blogspot.com/)
Gambar 21. contoh Kekar......................................................................................67
(sticlyne.blogspot.com/2012/09/)
Gambar 22. Contoh lipatan....................................................................................68

(http://mydollarkuh.blogspot.com/2010/12)/
Gambar 23. contoh sesar.......................................................................................70
( http://syawal88.wordpress.com/2010/06/28/)
Gambar 24.Kompas Geologi.................................................................................73
(http://doctorgeologyindonesia.blogspot.com/2010/05)
Gambar 25.contoh GPS ........................................................................................75
(http://startakurnia.blogspot.com/2011/05/)
Gambar26.Palu batuan Sedimen...........................................................................76
(http://mineralogipetrologi.wordpress.com/2012/06/06)
Gambar 27. Palu batuan Beku...............................................................................77
(http://mineralogipetrologi.wordpress.com/2012/06/06)

Gambar 28.Lup......................................................................................................78
(http://www.dinomarket.com/PasarDino/10062331/)
Gambar 29 Meteran Roll.......................................................................................79
(http://www.handtools-tomeco.com/product/0/253)
Gambar 30. Contoh Peta topografi........................................................................84
(http://earthy-moony.blogspot.com/2011/06/)
Gambar 31 Foto Udara..........................................................................................95
(http://kelkotabaru.wordpress.com)

vi

DAFTAR TABEL
Tabe l1 Kerak Oksida.............................................................................................3
Tabel 2.Klasifikasi batuan beku (ODum & sill, 1986..........................................16
(http://erdin29.blogspot.com/2011/12/)
Tabel 3 Diagram persentase untuk perkiraan komposisi berdasarkan volume...17
(http://erdin29.blogspot.com/2011/12/)
Tabel 4 Cara penamaan Batuan beku....................................................................17
Tabel 5. Klasifikasi Batuan Sedimen....................................................................30
(http://geologi08.wordpress.com/geologi-zone/klasifikasi-batuan)
Tabel 6 batuan Sedimen klastik.............................................................................30
(http://udhnr.blogspot.com/2010/08)
Tabel7. Skala Ukuran butir sedimen.....................................................................33
(http://tambangunp.blogspot.com/2013/07/)
Tabel 8. Penamaan batuan sedimen klastika secara megaskopis (Huang, 1965).. 37
(rizqigeos.blogspot.com/2013/05/)
Tabel 9 Batuan Sedimen non klastik.....................................................................39
(http://axinite-anwar.blogspot.com/2010/12/)
Tabel 10 Skala Wentworth....................................................................................40
(Buku panduan pratikum geologi dasar 2013 IST Akprind)
Tabel 11 Penamaan batuan sedimen non klastika secara megaskopis..................41
(rizqigeos.blogspot.com/2013/05)
Tabel 12 Deskripsi batuan metamorf....................................................................48
(eo-student.blogspot.com/2012/12/)

vii

viii