TORSION

Sample Problem:
Given:

8400

L=8.4m, d = 600 (40 + 10 + 25/2) = 537.5mm

WLL = 2.4 kPa and beam LL = 13 kN/m
Distance from beam surface to center of stirrup = 40 + 10/2 = 45 mm
fc = 35 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
Solution:
(Slab)
1.2WD = 1.2 (24) (0.15) (1.65) = 7.128 kN/m
1.6WL = 1.6 (2.4) (1.65) = 6.336 kN/m
Total= 7.128 + 6.336= 13.464 kN/m
(Beam)
1.2WD = 1.2 (24) (0.3) (0.6) = 5.184 kN/m
1.6WL = 1.6 [ 13 + 2.4 (0.3) ] = 21.952 kN/m
Total= 5.184 + 21.952 = 27.136 kN/m
WU = 13.464 + 27.136 = 40.60 kN/m
tU = 13.464 kN/m (0.975) = 13.1274 kN-m/m
Tu =

= 55.14 kN . m

(e = 1650/2 + 300/2 = 975mm)

V-diagram:

VL = 40.6*8.4/2 = 170.52 kN
At distance d from support,
Vu = 170.52 40.6 (0.5375)
Vu = 148.6975 kN

T-diagram:

At distance d from support,

Tu = 55.14 13.1274 (0.5375)
Tu = 48.084 kN-m

Vc = 0.75 (0.17)
Vc = 121.63 kN

(300) (537.5) (10-3)

x = 1.20 m
Vu = 170.52 40.6x = 121.63 kN

Acp = 600 (300) + 450 (150) = 247,500 mm2

Pcp = 600 + 300 + 450 + 450 + 150 + 750 = 2,700 mm

Threshold Torsion:

Tu =

Tu = 8.388 kN.m < 48.084 kN-m

Consider Torsion

xo = 300 2 (45) = 210mm

yo = 600 2 (45) = 510mm
Aoh = xo yo = (210) (510) = 107,100 mm2
Ao = 0.85 Aoh =0.85 (107,100) = 91,035 mm2
Ph = 2 (510 + 210) = 1440 mm

) = (

(
=

= 3.6975 MPa > 3.6466 MPa

Minimum Torsion Reinforcement

) = 0.26579 mm

) = 3.6466 MPa

Use 10mm stirrup,

( )

s = 168.62 mm

Additional Longitudinal Reinforcement

AL

AL = 1224.792 mm2

Sample Problem 2:
(Solution of Quiz 8)

Stirrup size= 10 mm
Main bar size= 25 mm
WD= 5 kPa (including slab and beam weight)
WL= 3 kPa
Concrete Unit Weight= 24 kN/ m3

PL= 40 kN
= 26 MPa
fy= 276 Mpa

Required:
1. Determine the maximum design Vu and Tu.
2. Determine if torsion needs to be considered.
3. Determine the required stirrups spacing at 2H from fixed support A.
Solution:
1.) WD = 5*1.3+(0.6*0.3+1*0.12)*24= 13.7 kN/m
WU= 1.2*13.7+1.6*3*1.3= 22.68 kN/m
PU= 1.28*100+1.6*40= 184 kN
VA=

VA= 199.88 kN
At d distance from A1
d=
VU=
TU=

tU=w*e=[1.2(5*1.3+1.3*0.12*24)+1.6*3*1.3]*0.65= 12.046 kN-m/m

TA= 211.6*

=167.21 kN-m

At d distance from A1,

TU=167.21-0.5875*12.046
TU=160.74 kN-m

2.)