GEOLOGYANDEVOLUTIONEOGREVIEW!!!!!!

1.Whatisthe
geologictime
scale?

STOPAND
JOT!

COUNTDOWNTOSUCCESS:8DAYS!

Thegeologictimescalehasthefollowingunits:
________,whicharedividedinto
________,whicharedividedinto
________,whicharedividedinto
________

Thedivisionsarebasedon_______________________
Lookatthepictureofthegeologictimescaleonthescreen.Whatmajor
change(s)onearthoccurredatthefollowingdivisionsingeologictime:

EndofPaleozoicEra/StartofMesozoicEra:

EndofMesozoicEra/StartofCenozoicEra:

2.Howdowe
knowhowold
reallyoldstuff
is?

Therearetwowayswedatethings:

1. ____________________________tellsyoutheageofsomething
___________________tosomethingelse

2. ____________________________tellsyoutheexactageofsomething

3.Howdowe
determinethe
relativeageof
afossilor
rock?

______________arethepreservedremainsofthingsthatusedtobealive.
_______________________arefossilsthatarereallygoodforrelative
datingbecausetheorganismonlylivedforashorttime,butwaswidespread
acrosstheearth.
TheLawof________________________statesthattheolderrocklayers
areonthe___________________.Therearesomeexceptionstothislaw,
called_______________________:
___________________arewhenigneousrock(fromvolcanoes)
squirtsupandcoversotherrock.Theigneousrockisalways
_______________________thantherockitcoversup.
________________arewhentectonicplatesmoveagainsteach
other.Thefaultisalwaysyoungerthantherockitcutsthrough.

STOPAND
JOT!

Inthefollowingdiagramslisttheevents/rocklayersinorderfromOLDESTto
YOUNGEST
OLDEST:____,____,_____,_____,_____YOUNGEST

Thediagrambelowshowsrocklayersandthefossilsfoundinthemfromfour
locationsaroundtheglobe.WhichfossilA,B,C,orDwouldbethebestindex
fossil?Why?

4.Howdowe
determinethe
absoluteageof
arockor
fossil?

Weuse_______________________dating
A____________________isthetimeittakesforexactlyhalfofthe
radioactiveparentatomto_________intothestable,daughteratom

STOPAND
JOT!

Lookatthetableonthescreen.Usetheinformationinthetabletoanswerthe
followingquestions:

WhatdaughterisotopedoesUranium238becomewhenitdecays?

Howlongdoesittakehalfofthepotassium40ionstodecaytoargon40?

AscientistdiscoversavolcanicrockinSouthAfrica.Therockcontainsabout
25%K40atoms,and75%Ar40atoms.Howoldistherock?

6.Whatdoes
thetheoryof
platetectonics
say?

Earthscrustisdividedinto_____________________________
Theseplatesareconstantlyinmotion,floatingonthe______________
Whentheseplatescollideorslidepasteachother,itcancause
_______________,________________,_________________,and
_______________

7.Whatdoes
thetheoryof
evolutionsay?

Specieshave___________________________________________
1. Inapopulation,thereis____________________foratraitcausedby
randomgenetic_________________
2. Thesemutationscanbe____________________,whichmeanstheymake
theorganismbettersuitedforitsenvironment(more________).
3. Thereisacompetitionforsurvival,andorganismswithbettertraitswill
_______________________________________________________.
Organismsthatarenotsuitedtotheenvironmentwill__________or
_______________________________________________________
4. Overmanygenerations,thepopulationwillevolvethenewtrait.

STOPAND
JOT

Howareplatetectonicstheoryandevolutiontheoryconnected?

STOPAND
JOT

Theancestorsofpolarbearshadbrownfur.Usingthefourpartsofthetheoryof
evolution,explainhowpolarbearsmayhaveevolvedwhitefur.

8.Whyis
genetic
diversity
important?
STOPAND
JOT

Thegreaterthe______________ofaspecies,thebetterthechancesare
thatthepopulationwill_______________iftheenvironmentchanges

Notalltherabbitsinapopulationareexactlythesamecolor,size,orshape.Imagine
ascenariowherethisvariation(differences)wouldhelptherabbitpopulation
survive.

9.Whatis
extinction?

Extinctioniswhenaspecies__________________________________
Extinctionisa_______________processthroughoutgeologichistory.
Possiblecausesofextinctioncouldbe___________________suchas
temperature,volcaniceruption,andfloods...

STOPAND
JOT

Lookatthepictureonthescreen.Howcanyoutellfromthefossilrecord
thattherewasanextinctioneventatthetimemarkedwitharedline?

10.What
evidencedo
wehavethat
earthsclimate
haschanged?

________________arecylindersoficedrilledoutofglaciersoricesheets.
Icecorestellusabouthowour___________haschangedovertime.