Himpunan Motivasi

Tazkirah
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal

12 April 2006
(13 Rabiul Awal 1427)
Sifat- sifat Rasulullah.
Panduan/contoh kita semua sebagai warga FKM
dalam usaha memartabatkan FKM sebagai
organisasi yang paling cemerlang,gemilang dan
terbilang di KUKTEM.
Baginda Rasulullah merupakan contoh terbaik
untuk diteladani kerana Baginda memiliki
keperibadian dan akhlak yang sangat mulia,
sebagaimana dijelaskan oleh dalam Surah Al-
Ahzab ayat 21 tafsirnya :
"Demi sesungguhnya adalah bagi kamu pada diri
Rasulullahitucontohikutanyang baik".
dan dalamSurah Al-Qalamayat 4 tafsirnya :
"Dan bahawa sesungguhnya engkau mempunyai
akhlakyang sangat-sangatmulia".
Keperibadian tinggi serta akhlak mulia
Baginda Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam merupakan hasil didikan dan
pengajaran dari Al-Quran. Sayidatina Aisyah
pernah berkata maksudnya :
"Sesungguhnya akhlak Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam itu adalah Al-Quran".(Hadis
riwayatImam Muslim)
Al-Quran mendidik Baginda supaya bersifat mulia,
pemaaf, sabar, adil, amanah, suka mengajak
orang ke jalan kebaikan, melarang melakukan
segala macamkemungkaran dan sebagainya.
Akhlak mulia sangat dituntut dalam Islam kerana itu
Baginda turut mendidik umatnya supaya berakhlak
mulia. Baginda menunjuk ajar dan memberikan
bimbingan akhlak bukan hanya setakat teori atau
cakap sahaja, tetapi Baginda sendiri
melakukannya. Itulah cara pendidikan terbaik dan
mendatangkan kesan mendalam. Amalan itulah
yang menarik perhatian dan menjadi kepercayaan
orang ramai, sekaligus mencontohi akhlak Baginda
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
kunci utama ke arah pembentukan akhlak yang
mulia itu sebagaimana yang dimiliki oleh Rasulullah
adalah lahir daripada mempraktikkan sifat yang
wajib bagi Rasul-rasul iaitu :
Pertama : Siddiq yang bermaksud benar dalam
semua perkataan dan perbuatannya.
Kedua : Amanah yang bermaksud jujur dan
dipercayai.
Ketiga : Tabligh iaitu menyebarkan dan
menerangkan apa jua wahyu yang
diterimanya dari Allah.
Keempat : Fatanah iaitu cerdik, bijaksana, pandai
dan cerdas
Kesimpulan:
Sebagai warga institusi akademik,kita
juga perlu;
1. benar
2. amanah
3. menyampaikan/menyebarkan
4. bidai
Sumber;
1. khutbah jumaat di Brunei Darulsalam
2. www.dudung.net (Indonesia)
The 7 Habits of Highly
The 7 Habits of Highly
Effective People
Effective People
Powerful Lessons in Personal
Powerful Lessons in Personal
Change
Change
by Stephen R. Covey
by Stephen R. Covey
1. Be Proactive
1. Be Proactive
Being "proactive" means taking responsibility for
Being "proactive" means taking responsibility for
everything in life, rather than blaming other
everything in life, rather than blaming other
people and circumstances for obstacles or
people and circumstances for obstacles or
problems. Initiative, and taking action will then
problems. Initiative, and taking action will then
follow. If you want something to happen, figure
follow. If you want something to happen, figure
out how, then make it happen.
out how, then make it happen.
2. Begin with the End
2. Begin with the End
in Mind
in Mind
Formulate a "personal mission statement". Know
Formulate a "personal mission statement". Know
where you are going so each step of the way leads
where you are going so each step of the way leads
you down the correct path. Every day is evaluated
you down the correct path. Every day is evaluated
in the sense, is what I'm doing contributing to the
in the sense, is what I'm doing contributing to the
vision I have for my future?
vision I have for my future?
3. Put First Things First
3. Put First Things First
"Organize and execute around
"Organize and execute around
priorities
priorities
. Proper time management

. Proper time management
is key to achieving success
is key to achieving success
4. Think Win/Win
4. Think Win/Win
The best way to get what you want is to
The best way to get what you want is to
help others get what they want, always
help others get what they want, always
create a win/win situation for both of you
create a win/win situation for both of you
5. Seek First to Understand,
5. Seek First to Understand,
Then to be Understood
Then to be Understood
Make a diagnosis prior to offering a prescription.
Make a diagnosis prior to offering a prescription.
One must understand what they are talking about
One must understand what they are talking about
to make an intelligent decision. Always hear what
to make an intelligent decision. Always hear what
others are saying, do not jump to your own
others are saying, do not jump to your own
conclusions.
conclusions.
6. Synergize
6. Synergize
Working in teams. The whole is greater than the
Working in teams. The whole is greater than the
sum of its parts. In a group of people use
sum of its parts. In a group of people use
everyone's strengths to form a strong team.
everyone's strengths to form a strong team.
Effective people must get all involved to
Effective people must get all involved to
maximized the output of an organization
maximized the output of an organization
7. Sharpen the saw
7. Sharpen the saw
Amplify your greatest asset. Everyday you
Amplify your greatest asset. Everyday you
must work to improve yourself physically,
must work to improve yourself physically,
emotionally, mentally, and socially through
emotionally, mentally, and socially through
study, exercise, training, and experience.
study, exercise, training, and experience.
Thank You
Thank You
Any other good habit to share???
Any other good habit to share???
Microsoft PowerPoint Slide Show
Berbaik
Sangka
Berbaik
Berbaik
Berbaik
Sangka
Sangka
Sangka
Manusia hari ini suka

bersangka-sangka
Ada sangkaan baik...
Ada sangkaan buruk
Manusia
Manusia
Manusia
hari
hari
hari
ini
ini
ini
suka
suka
suka
bersangka
bersangka
bersangka
-
-
-
sangka
sangka
sangka
Ada
Ada
Ada
sangkaan
sangkaan
sangkaan
baik
baik
...
...
Ada
Ada
Ada
sangkaan
sangkaan
sangkaan
buruk
buruk
Orang beribadah
disangka riak
Orang yang relax
disangka malas
Orang yang pakai baju baru
disangka menunjuk
Orang
Orang
Orang
beribadah
beribadah
disangka
disangka
disangka
riak
riak
Orang
Orang
Orang
yang
yang
yang
relax
relax
disangka
disangka
disangka
malas
malas
Orang
Orang
Orang
yang
yang
yang
pakai
pakai
baju
baju
baru
baru
disangka
disangka
disangka
menunjuk
menunjuk
Orang yang pakai baju buruk
disangka zuhud (hina)
Orang makan banyak
disangka pelahap
Orang makan sikit
disangka kedekut
Orang
Orang
Orang
yang
yang
yang
pakai
pakai
baju
baju
buruk
buruk
disangka
disangka
disangka
zuhud
zuhud
(
(
hina
hina
)
)
Orang
Orang
Orang
makan
makan
banyak
banyak
disangka
disangka
disangka
pelahap
pelahap
Orang
Orang
Orang
makan
makan
sikit
sikit
disangka
disangka
disangka
kedekut
kedekut
Orang baik
disangka buruk
Orang buruk
disangka baik
Orang senyum
disangka mengejek
Orang
Orang
Orang
baik
baik
disangka
disangka
disangka
buruk
buruk
Orang
Orang
Orang
buruk
buruk
disangka
disangka
disangka
baik
baik
Orang
Orang
Orang
senyum
senyum
disangka
disangka
disangka
mengejek
mengejek
Orang masam
disangka merajuk
Orang bermuzakarah
disangka mengumpat
Orang diam
disangka sombong
Orang
Orang
Orang
masam
masam
disangka
disangka
disangka
merajuk
merajuk
Orang
Orang
Orang
bermuzakarah
bermuzakarah
disangka
disangka
disangka
mengumpat
mengumpat
Orang
Orang
Orang
diam
diam
disangka
disangka
disangka
sombong
sombong
Orang menawan
disangka pakai susuk
Orang nampak ceria
disangka membela
Orang
Orang
Orang
menawan
menawan
disangka
disangka
disangka
pakai
pakai
susuk
susuk
Orang
Orang
Orang
nampak
nampak
ceria
ceria
disangka
disangka
disangka
membela
membela
mana tahu
yang diam itu
kerana
berzikir kepada Allah
mana
mana
mana
tahu
tahu
tahu
yang
yang
yang
diam
diam
itu
itu
itu
kerana
kerana
kerana
berzikir
berzikir
kepada
kepada
Allah
Allah
mana tahu
yang senyum itu
kerana
bersedekah
mana
mana
mana
tahu
tahu
tahu
yang
yang
yang
senyum
senyum
itu
itu
itu
kerana
kerana
kerana
bersedekah
bersedekah
mana tahu
yang masam itu
kerana
mengenangkan dosa
mana
mana
mana
tahu
tahu
tahu
yang
yang
yang
masam
masam
itu
itu
itu
kerana
kerana
kerana
mengenangkan
mengenangkan
dosa
dosa
mana tahu
yang menawan itu
kerana
bersih hati dan mindanya
mana
mana
mana
tahu
tahu
tahu
yang
yang
yang
menawan
menawan
itu
itu
itu
kerana
kerana
kerana
bersih
bersih
hati
hati
dan
dan
mindanya
mindanya
mana tahu
yang ceria itu
kerana
cergas cerdasnya
mana
mana
mana
tahu
tahu
tahu
yang
yang
yang
ceria
ceria
itu
itu
itu
kerana
kerana
kerana
cergas
cergas
cerdasnya
cerdasnya
Jauhi sikap suka
bersangka-sangka
kerana ia bakal
memusnahkan ukhwah
seperti musnah nya
kayu dimakan api
Jauhi
Jauhi
Jauhi
sikap
sikap
sikap
suka
suka
suka
bersangka
bersangka
bersangka
-
-
-
sangka
sangka
sangka
kerana
kerana
kerana
ia
ia
ia
bakal
bakal
bakal
memusnahkan
memusnahkan
ukhwah
ukhwah
seperti
seperti
seperti
musnah
musnah
musnah
nya
nya
nya
kayu
kayu
dimakan
dimakan
api
api
Satu benda yang kita lihat,

macam-macam kesimpulan
yang boleh kita buat.
Semuanya bergantung
bagaimana kita
melihatnya.
Satu
Satu
Satu
benda
benda
benda
yang
yang
yang
kita
kita
kita
lihat
lihat
lihat
,
,
,
macam
macam
-
-
macam
macam
kesimpulan
kesimpulan
yang
yang
yang
boleh
boleh
boleh
kita
kita
kita
buat
buat
buat
.
.
.
Semuanya
Semuanya
Semuanya
bergantung
bergantung
bergantung
bagaimana
bagaimana
kita
kita
melihatnya
melihatnya
.
.
Tegakkan Islam dalam
diri kamu.. nescaya Islam
akan tertegak diatas bumi
kamu
Imam Al-Syahid Hassan
Al- Banna.

kamu
kamu
kamu
Imam Al
Imam Al
-
-
Syahid Hassan
Syahid Hassan
Al
Al
-
-
Banna.
Banna.
Just Be Yourself...
and
Always Trust to
Allah...
Just Be Yourself...
Just Be Yourself...
Just Be Yourself...
and
and
and
Always Trust to
Always Trust to
Always Trust to
Allah...
Allah...
Allah...
Tazkirah Fakulti Tazkirah
Tazkirah
Fakulti
Fakulti
Mahadzir
Mahadzir
Ishak
Ishak
ITQAN
KONSEP ITQAN
Dari maksud hadis; melakukan
sesuatu perkara dengan baik dan
sempurna ataupun cemerlang
Sesungguhny Allah menyukai apabila
seseorang kamu mengerjakan sesuatu
pekerjaan supaya dilakukan pekerjaan
itu dengan baik dan sempurna..
maksud hadith riwayat al-baihaqi
Organisasi ITQAN
Dlm pembangunan diri dan
organisasi dipecahkan kepada
lima(5) dimensi utama
kecemerlangan iaitu cemerlang;
1) ANDA DAN PENCIPTA
2) ANDA DAN DIRI
3) ANDA DAN ORNG LAIN
4) ANDA & TANGGUNGJAWAB
5) ANDA & NILAI SEJAGAT
Anda & Pencipta
Pencipta sebagai sumber inspirasi & motivasi
- Manusia dan keperluannya kepada pencipta
- Persoalan asas manusia
- Memahami tujuan hidup sebenar
Dimensi Manusia dan penciptanya
- Iman
- Ilmu
- Amal
Manusia dan keperluannya
kepada pencipta
Adakah Allah bergantung kepada
amalan dan ibadah kita?
Adakah kita bergantung harap kepada
kasih dan pertolonganNya?
Adakah kita sentiasa bersyukur
kepada anugerahnya?
Persoalan asas manusia dan
hala tuju
Siapa diri kita?
Kenapa saya dijadikan?
Kemana Saya akan pergi?
Manusia dan penciptanya
3 asas peribadi agar manusia selamat mengharungi lautan hidupnya;
Mestilah jiwanya diisi dengan IMAN, kerana iman itu menjadi pengikat
hati antara manusia dgn tuhanya. Orng yg beriman akan berpegang teguh
kepadanya beerti mentaati segala perintah dan larangan ALLAH seperti
tertulis dalam alquran
Mindanya mestiah diisi dgn ILMU PENGETAHUAN kerana ilmu menjadi
modal manusia mencari kebahadgian hidupnya di dunia dan akhirat
Hidupnya wajib diisi dengan AMAL perbuatan kebajikan terhadap tuhan
dan sesama manusia, kerana amal adalah jambatan setiap manusia utk
mendapatkan keinginan-keinginan dan hajat-hnajtnya, adalah pangkal
kebahagian hidup manusia.
TAZKIRAH
TAZKIRAH
KEBERKATAN HIDUP
KEBERKATAN HIDUP
MOHD ZAIDI SIDEK
MOHD ZAIDI SIDEK
Dipetik dari tulisan oleh:
Drs. H. Ahmad Yani
PENGENALAN
Setiap orang ingin keberkatan dalam
hidupnya.
Kerana itu, kita selalu berdo'a dan
meminta orang lain mendoakan kita
agar segala sesuatu yang kita miliki dan
kita usahakan memperoleh keberkatan
dari Allah Swt.
Contoh:
1. Hadir ke majlis ilmu.
2. Setiap kali majlis - mohon keberkatan
Terjemahan tumbuh@ bertambah
Berkat adalah kebaikan yang bersumber
dari Allah yang ditetapkan terhadap
sesuatu sebagaimana mestinya sehingga
apa yang diperoleh dan dimiliki akan
selalu berkembang dan bertambah besar
manfaat kebaikannya.
Kalau sesuatu yang kita miliki membawa
pengaruh negatif, maka ini bermakna kita
tidak memperoleh keberkatan yang
diidamkan itu.
MAKSUD
BERKAT BUKAN PERCUMA
Namun, Allah Swt tidak sembarangan
memberikan keberkatan kepada manusia.
Ternyata, Allah hanya akan memberi berkat
kepada orang yang beriman dan bertaqwa
kepada-Nya.
Janji Allah untuk memberikan keberkatan
kepada orang yang beriman dan bertaqwa
dikemukakan dalam firman-Nya yang
maksudnya:
Jikalau sekiranya penduduk negeri-negeri beriman
dan bertaqwa, pastilah Kami akan melimpahkan
kepada mereka berkat dari langit dan bumi, tetapi
mereka mendustakan (ayat-ayat Kami) itu, maka
Kami siksa mereka disebabkan perbuatannya"
(QS Al Araf@7:96).
BERKAT DALAM KEHIDUPAN!
Apabila manusia, baik secara peribadi ataupun
masyarakat memperoleh keberkatan dari Allah
Swt, maka kehidupannya akan selalu berjalan
dengan baik, rezeki yang diperolehnya cukup
bahkan melimpah, sedang ilmu dan amalnya
selalu memberi manfaat yang besar dalam
kehidupan.
Disinilah letak pentingnya bagi kita memahami
apa sebenarnya keberkatan itu agar kita akan
berusaha semaksima mungkin untuk meraihnya.
Masalah timbul bila manusia lalai dalam
soal menjaga keberkatan;
Dalam konteks pendidikan banyak
masalah timbul berkaitan seperti tidur
dalam kelas, meniru semasa
peperiksaan dsb kerana tak faham
maksud ilmu yang berkat.
Dalam konteks pekerjaan masalah
penyelewangan, rasuah dsb berlaku
kerana tak faham berkat dalam harta
Berkat rezeki kerana sedekah - Kekayaan
tidak membawa erti tanpa ada keberkatan.
Dengan adanya keberkatan, harta/rezeki
yang sedikit akan dirasakan seolah-olah
banyak dan mencukupi. Sebaliknya tanpa
keberkatan akan dirasakan sempit dan susah
meskipun banyak harta.
Menginfaqkan (Belanjakan) harta adalah
berkat, sebaliknya menahannya adalah
celaka. Dalam 1 hadis, nabi bersabda
takutilah api neraka walaupun dengan
sebelah biji tamar. Dan sabdanya lagi
sedekah itu penghapus dosa sebagaimana
air memadam api.
BENTUK KEBERKATAN
Secara umum, keberkatan yang diberikan Allah
kepada orang yang beriman terbahagi tiga.
1. Berkat dalam keturunan-dengan lahirnya
generasi yang soleh.
Generasi yang soleh adalah yang kuat
imannya, luas ilmunya dan banyak amal
solehnya dan berkualiti yg memang menjadi
keinginan setiap manusia.
Pembangunan Islam dan umat Islam salah
satu faktornya adalah adanya berpaksikan
dari generasi yang soleh yg memiliki
jasmani yang kuat, kemandirian termasuk
dalam soal harta dan mampu menjalani
kehidupan dengan sebaik-baiknya.
Contoh: Telah diperoleh Nabi Ibrahim as dan
keluarganya yang ketika usia mereka sudah
begitu tua ternyata masih dikurniakan anak,
bahkan tidak hanya Ismail yang soleh, sehat
dan cerdas, tapi juga Ishak dan Yakub.
Di dalam Al-Qur'an keberkatan semacam ini
diceritakan oleh Allah yang maksudnya:
"Dan isterinya berdiri (dibalik tirai) lalu dia tersenyum.
Maka Kami sampaikan kepadanya berita gembira
tentang kelahiran Ishak dan dari Ishak (akan lahir
puteranya) Yakub." Isterinya berkata: "Sungguh
menghairankan, apakah aku akan melahirkan anak,
padahal aku adalah perempuan seorang perempuan
tua, dan ini suamikupun dalam keadaan yang sudah
tua pula?. Sesungguhnya ini benar-benar suatu yang
sangat aneh". Para malaikat itu berkata: "Apakahkamu
merasa heran tentang ketetapan Allah? (itu adalah)
rahmat Allah dan keberkatan-Nya, dicurahkan atas
kamu, hai ahlul bait. Sesungguhnya Allah Maha
Terpuji lagi Maha Pemurah"
(QS 11:71-73).
2. Keberkatan makanan- halal & thayyib.
Pendapat ulama ahli tafsir (Ibnu Katsir) -
antara keberkatan dari langit dan bumi yg
disebutkan surat Al A'raf: 96 ialah makanan.
Yang dimaksud makanan yang halal - halal
jenisnya, halal dalam mendapatkannya,
sehingga bagi orang yang diberkati Allah, dia
tidak akan menghalalkan segala cara dalam
memperoleh nafkah.
Makanan yang diberkati juga adalah yang
thayyib( berzat) - yang tidak hanya
mengenyangkan tapi juga menghasilkan
tenaga yang kuat untuk digunakan dlm
melaksanakan suruhan Allah Swt,
"Dan makanlah makanan yang halal lagi baik dari apa
yang telah Allah rizkikan kepadamu, dan bertaqwalah
kepada Allah yang kamu beriman kepada-Nya"
(QS 5:88).
Bagi membawa keberkatan yang lebih banyak
lagi, makanan itu harus dimakan sewajarnya
kerana Allah sangat melarang manusia berlebih-
lebihan dalam makan mahupun minum, Allah
Swt berfirman yang maksudnya:
"Hai anak Adam, pakailah pakaianmu yang indah di
setiap memasuki masjid, makan dan minumlah dan
janganlah berlebih-lebihan. Sesungguhnya Allah
tidak menyukai orang-orang yang berlebih-lebihan"
(QS 7:31).
Ajarkanlah anak2 dgn doa2 sebelum melakukan
pekerjaan @ sekurang-kurangnya membaca
"Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim". Ini akan
menambahkan keberkatan Allah bagi perbuatan
tersebut.Sabda Rasulullah s.w.t, maksudnya:
"Setiap perkara yang tidak dimulakan dengan
Bismillah maka akan terputus rahmat dan barkah
bagi perbuatan tersebut."
KUNCI KEBERKATAN
Dengan demikian menjadi jelas bagi kita
bahawa sebagai seorang muslim,
keberkatan dari Allah untuk kita
merupakan sesuatu yang amat penting.
Kerana itu, ada kunci yang harus kita
miliki dan usahakan dalam hidup ini.
Sekurang-kurangnya, ada dua faktor
yang menjadi kunci keberkatan itu.
1.Iman dan Taqwa Yang Benar
Di dalam ayat di atas, sudah dikemukakan
bahawa Allah akan memberikan berkat kpd
hambanya yg beriman & bertaqwa kpd-Nya.
Semakin mantap iman dan taqwa yang kita
miliki, maka semakin besar keberkatan yang
Allah berikan kepada kita. Kerana itu menjadi
keharusan kita untuk terus memperkokoh
iman dan taqwa kepada Allah Swt.
Salah satu ayat yang amat menekankan
peningkatan taqwa kepada orang yang
beriman adalah firman Allah yang maksudnya;
Hai orang-orang yang beriman, bertaqwalah
kamu kepada Allah dengan sebenar-benar taqwa
dan jangan sampai kamu mati kecuali dalam
keadaan berserah diri/muslim"
(QS 3:102).
Keimanan dan ketaqwaan yang benar
selalu ditunjukkan oleh seorang mu'min
dalam bentuk melaksanakan perintah
Allah dan meninggalkan larangan-Nya,
baik dalam keadaan senang maupun
susah, dalam keadaan sendiri maupun
bersama orang lain.
Tegasnya keimanan dan ketaqwaan itu
dibuktikan dalam situasi dan keadaan
yang bagaimananpun juga dan
dimanapun kita berada.
2.Berpedoman kepada Al-Qur'an
Al-Quran merupakan sumber keberkatan
sehingga apabila kita menjalankan pesan-
pesan yang terkandung di dalam Al-Quran
dan berpedoman kepadanya dalam berbagai
aspek kehidupan, nescaya kita akan
memperoleh keberkatan dari Allah Swt
Allah berfirman yang maksudnya:
"Dan Al-Quran ini adalah suatu kitab (peringatan) yang
mempunyai berkat yang telah kami turunkan. Maka
mengapakah kamu mengingkarinya?"
(QS 21:50).
KESIMPULAN
Dalam kehidupan yang kita lalui ini, setiap kita
harus mengimani kebenaran Al-Qur'an yang
mana ianya merupakan wahyu dari Allah Swt
Luangkan masa untuk kita membaca Al-Quran
dan jadikannya rujukan dalam kehidupan sehari-
hari, baik menyangkut aspek peribadi, keluarga,
masyarakat maupun bernegara.
Akhirnya menjadi jelas bagi kita bahawa,
keberkatan dari Allah yang kita inginkan itu
hanya diperolehi melalui doa dan usaha yang
sungguh-sungguh, yakni dalam bentuk
memantapkan iman dan taqwa serta
menjadikan Al-Quran sebagai pedoman dalam
hidup ini.
Pada suatu masa yang ditetapkan.
Kita pasti dirisik.
Pertunangan sejak azali.
Di hujung hidup nanti.
Berlangsung perkahwinanmu dengan maut?
Hantarannya..sakit dan nazak.
Tamu bertandang menghadirkan esak.
Pengantin dimandikan.
Dipakaikan baju cantik putih..
Wangian gaharu dan cendana..
Keranda jadi pelaminan..
BILA SAMPAI MASA
Pengantin bersanding sendirian
Di arak keliling kampung..
Berkompangkan azan dan kalimah kudus
Akad nikahnya bacaan talkin.
Berwalikan liang lahad..
Saksi pula nisan-nisan..
Siraman air mawar..
Keluarga terdekat menepung tawar..
Tiba masa pengantin..
Menunggu sendirian..
Malam pertama bersama KEKASIH..
Di kamar bertilamkan tanah..
Dan Dia menuntut janji..
Sucikah kita tatkala berpadu..
Pernahkah taubat sepanjang hayat..
Atau terkubur bersama dosa-dosa..
Dan Dia Kekasih itu..
Menetapkanmu ke Syurga
Atau melemparkan dirimu ke neraka
Dunia ini hanyalah persinggahan
Akhirat jua kekal abadi
Siapkanlah bekalan kita untuk ke SANA
Moga kita di dalam golongan yg sentiasa
di dlm BERKAT-NYA
AMEN.....
KONSEP KERJ A DALAM
ISLAM
(sedutan : Pusat Kutipan Zakat
Pahang)
Penyampai : Mohd Zuki Bin Salleh
Kemuliaan seseorang insan itu
bergantung kepada apa yang
dilakukannya.
Istilah kerja dalamIslam bukan semata-
mata merujuk kepada mencari rezeki hidup
untuk diri dan keluarga dengan berhempas
pulas siang dan malam, serta pagi dan
petang tanpa mengira waktu atau ketika,
tetapi ia mencakupi segala bentuk amalan
atau pekerjaan yang mempunyai unsur
kebaikan dan keberkatan bagi diri, ahli
keluarga dan masyarakat sekelilingnya dan
seterusnya negara
Sebaliknya al-Quran menggariskan
golongan yang baik lagi berjaya (al-falah)
itu adalah orang yang banyak taqwa
mereka kepada Allah, khusyuk
sembahyangnya, baik tutur katanya,
memelihara pandangan dan kemaluannya
serta menunaikan tanggungjawab
sosialnya seperti mengeluarkan zakat dan
seumpamanya (lihat Quran, al-Muminun:
1-11)
Dalamsatu hadis seperti mana telah
diriwayatkan oleh Saidina Umar al-Khattab
berbunyi: Bahawasanya setiap amalan itu
bergantung kepada niat, dan setiap
individu itu dikira berdasarkan apa yang
diniatkannya
Rasulullah SAW pernah bersabda:
Binasalah orang-orang Islam kecuali
mereka yang berilmu. Maka binasalah
golongan berilmu, kecuali mereka yang
beramal dengan ilmu mereka. Dan
binasalah golongan yang beramal dengan
ilmu mereka kecuali mereka yang ikhlas.
Sesungguhnya golongan yang ikhlas ini
juga masih dalamkeadaan bahaya yang
amat besar
Alangkah baiknya kalau umat Islam hari ini,
dapat bergerak dan bekerja dengan tekun
dengan matlamat yang satu iaitu mardatillah
(keredhaan Allah) itulah yang dicari dalamapa
jua urusan yang dibuat. Dari situlah akan lahir
nilai keberkatan yang sebenar dalamhidup
dengan curahan nikmat Allah yang banyak.
Inilah golongan yang diistilahkan sebagai tenang
dalamibadah, redha dengan kehidupan yang
ditempuhi, serta optimis dengan janji-janji Allah
Sekian terima kasih
MALU!!??
MALU!!??
HADITH KE
HADITH KE
-
-
20
20
Dari Abu
Dari Abu
Mas
Mas
ud
ud
,
,
Uqbah
Uqbah
bin
bin
Amru
Amru
Al
Al
-
-
Anshari
Anshari
Al
Al
Badhri
Badhri
R.A. :
R.A. :
Telah
Telah
bersabda
bersabda
Rasulullah
Rasulullah
SAW:
SAW:
Di
Di
antara
antara
sabda
sabda
para
para
Nabi
Nabi
yang
yang
terdahulu
terdahulu
yang
yang
masih
masih
dipakai
dipakai
untuk
untuk
orang
orang
ramai
ramai
(
(
hingga
hingga
ke
ke
hari
hari
ini
ini
)
)
ialah
ialah
:
:
J ika
J ika
engkau
engkau
tidak
tidak
malu
malu
,
,
buatlah
buatlah
sesuka
sesuka
hatimu
hatimu
(
(
Riwayat
Riwayat
Al
Al
-
-
Bukhari
Bukhari
)
)
Dipetik
Dipetik
dari
dari
:
:
Kuliah
Kuliah
Subuh
Subuh
;
;
Pada
Pada
Membicarakan
Membicarakan
Hadith
Hadith
40
40
,
,
susunan
susunan
dan
dan
ulasan
ulasan
:
:
Syed
Syed
Ahmad
Ahmad
Semait
Semait
,
,
Pustaka
Pustaka
Nasional
Nasional
Singapura
Singapura
, 1991
, 1991
MUQADDIMAH
MUQADDIMAH
Hadith
Hadith
yang
yang
merupakan
merupakan
lebih
lebih
kepada
kepada
sindiran
sindiran
daripada
daripada
tegahan
tegahan
,
,
yakni
yakni
suatu
suatu
sindiran
sindiran
yang
yang
mengandungi
mengandungi
ancaman
ancaman
.
.
Sifat
Sifat
malu
malu
adalah
adalah
pokok
pokok
akhlak
akhlak
mulia
mulia
dan
dan
budipekerti
budipekerti
yang
yang
tinggi
tinggi
.
.
Membezakan
Membezakan
antara
antara
manusia
manusia
dan
dan
haiwan
haiwan
.
.
Peliharalah
Peliharalah
sifat
sifat
malu
malu
agar
agar
mulia
mulia
disisi
disisi
agama
agama
dan
dan
Allah
Allah
Taala
Taala
.
.
YANG MALU & TAK MALU
YANG MALU & TAK MALU
Para
Para
ulama
ulama
sepakat
sepakat
bahawa
bahawa
malu
malu
adalah
adalah
sebaik
sebaik
-
-
baik
baik
sifat
sifat
yang
yang
harus
harus
disifati
disifati
oleh
oleh
manusia
manusia
.
.
Hakikat
Hakikat
dunia
dunia
,
,
ada
ada
yang
yang
malu
malu
dan
dan
tak
tak
malu
malu
.
.
Bilangan
Bilangan
yang
yang
malu
malu
pastinya
pastinya
lebih
lebih
ramai
ramai
dari
dari
yang
yang
malu
malu
.
.
Senario
Senario
terkini
terkini
,
,
sedikit
sedikit
yang
yang
tak
tak
malu
malu
ini
ini
telah
telah
mempengaruhi
mempengaruhi
seluruh
seluruh
dunia
dunia
pada
pada
pelbagai
pelbagai
lapisan
lapisan
masyarakat
masyarakat
.
.
Sabda
Sabda
Nabi
Nabi
SAW:
SAW:
Sifat
Sifat
malu
malu
itu
itu
segala
segala
-
-
galanya
galanya
baik
baik
.
.
Sifat
Sifat
malu
malu
itu
itu
mendatangkan
mendatangkan
yang
yang
baik
baik
semata
semata
-
-
mata
mata
MALU MACAM MANA YANG BAIK?

MALU MACAM MANA YANG BAIK?
MALU MACAM MANA YANG TAK BAIK?
MALU MACAM MANA YANG TAK BAIK?
MALU KERANA MENJAGA
MALU KERANA MENJAGA
TATATERTIB & SOPAN SANTUN
TATATERTIB & SOPAN SANTUN
Menjaga
Menjaga
tatatertib
tatatertib
,
,
bersopan
bersopan
dalam
dalam
percakapan
percakapan
,
,
dalam
dalam
kelakuan
kelakuan
,
,
gerak
gerak
-
-
geri
geri
,
,
dan
dan
pergaulan
pergaulan
.
.
J uga
J uga
tidak
tidak
bergurau
bergurau
senda
senda
yang
yang
keterlaluan
keterlaluan
tanpa
tanpa
mengira
mengira
tempat
tempat
dan
dan
suasana
suasana
.
.
J uga
J uga
tidak
tidak
bergaul
bergaul
bebas
bebas
antara
antara
lelaki
lelaki
dan
dan
perempuan
perempuan
MALU KERANA BERBUAT YANG
MALU KERANA BERBUAT YANG
MUNGKAR
MUNGKAR
Menyedari
Menyedari
diri
diri
telah
telah
melakukan
melakukan
kesalahan
kesalahan
,
,
malu
malu
diketahui
diketahui
masyarakat
masyarakat
dan
dan
keluarga
keluarga
.
.
Malu
Malu
dikatakan
dikatakan
rendah
rendah
akhlak
akhlak
,
,
tidak
tidak
bermaruah
bermaruah
Malu
Malu
atas
atas
maksiat
maksiat
yang
yang
orang
orang
lain
lain
lakukan
lakukan
.
.
Adanya
Adanya
sifat
sifat
malu
malu
menandakan
menandakan
adanya
adanya
iman
iman
,
,
kerana
kerana
malu
malu
adalah
adalah
sebahagian
sebahagian
dari
dari
iman
iman
.
.
MALU KERANA MENCEGAH
MALU KERANA MENCEGAH
YANG MUNGKAR
YANG MUNGKAR
Malu
Malu
hendak
hendak
mencegah
mencegah
perkara
perkara
mungkar
mungkar
yang
yang
berlaku
berlaku
di
di
hadapan
hadapan
atau
atau
belakang
belakang
kita
kita
.
.
Malu
Malu
kerana
kerana
keakraban
keakraban
,
,
ketinggian
ketinggian
pangkat
pangkat
,
,
kedewasaan
kedewasaan
,
,
kedudukan
kedudukan
dalam
dalam
masyarakat
masyarakat
.
.
Malu
Malu
dikatakan
dikatakan
cuba
cuba
berlagak
berlagak
alim
alim
dan
dan
tunjuk
tunjuk
baik
baik
.
.
Malu
Malu
kerana
kerana
kita
kita
pun
pun
sebahagian
sebahagian
daripada
daripada
mereka
mereka
.
.
Bahaya
Bahaya
!!
!!
Buat
Buat
maksiat
maksiat
berdosa
berdosa
!
!
Malu
Malu
menegur
menegur
pun
pun
berdosa
berdosa
!
!
MALU KERANA BELAJAR
MALU KERANA BELAJAR
HUKUM AGAMA ATAU ILMU
HUKUM AGAMA ATAU ILMU
YANG TIDAK TAHU
YANG TIDAK TAHU
Malu
Malu
hendak
hendak
bertanya
bertanya
hukum
hukum
atau
atau
yang
yang
tak
tak
tahu
tahu
atau
atau
Malu
Malu
dikatakan
dikatakan
bodoh
bodoh
,
,
bebal
bebal
,
,
dan
dan
lembab
lembab
.
.
Malu
Malu
mengakui
mengakui
kesalahan
kesalahan
atau
atau
kekurangan
kekurangan
pada
pada
diri
diri
.
.
Tapi
Tapi
Ingat
Ingat
!
!
Menyebarkan
Menyebarkan
keburukan
keburukan
dan
dan
kelemahan
kelemahan
orang
orang
adalah
adalah
HARAM!
HARAM!
Malu
Malu
sebegini
sebegini
membawa
membawa
kepada
kepada
dosa
dosa
,
,
ibadat
ibadat
tidak
tidak
diterima
diterima
,
,
rugi
rugi
di
di
akhirat
akhirat
.
.
HAKIKAT MALU
HAKIKAT MALU
Malu
Malu
yang
yang
khusus
khusus
(paling
(paling
mulia
mulia
)
)
adalah
adalah
malu
malu
kepada
kepada
ALLah
ALLah
SWT.
SWT.
Allah yang
Allah yang
memberikan
memberikan
nikmat
nikmat
yang
yang
pelbagai
pelbagai
,
,
naik
naik
kedudukan
kedudukan
,
,
pangkat
pangkat
,
,
darjat
darjat
ilmu
ilmu
,
,
kesenangan
kesenangan
dsb
dsb
.
.
Adakah
Adakah
patut
patut
kita
kita
kufur
kufur
kepada
kepada
nikmat
nikmat
ALLah
ALLah
?
?
Patuhi
Patuhi
segala
segala
suruhan
suruhan
,
,
tegah
tegah
dan
dan
jauhi
jauhi
segala
segala
larangan
larangan
.
.
KESIMPULAN
KESIMPULAN
Sebagai
Sebagai
Muslim,
Muslim,
kita
kita
harus
harus
mempunyai
mempunyai
rasa
rasa
malu
malu
yang
yang
tinggi
tinggi
terhadap
terhadap
ALLah
ALLah
dan
dan
juga
juga
manusia
manusia
.
.
Malu
Malu
terhadap
terhadap
ALLah
ALLah
dengan
dengan
menjaga
menjaga
segala
segala
suruhan
suruhan
dan
dan
menjauhi
menjauhi
dan
dan
mencegah
mencegah
segala
segala
larangan
larangan
.
.
Malu
Malu
terhadap
terhadap
manusia
manusia
dengan
dengan
menjaga
menjaga
segala
segala
akhlak
akhlak
dalam
dalam
pergaulan
pergaulan
dan
dan
muammalah
muammalah
sesama
sesama
insan
insan
.
.
SEKIAN, TERIMA KASIH
SEKIAN, TERIMA KASIH
Al
Al
-
-
haqir
haqir
wal
wal
faqiiru
faqiiru
-
-
ilALLah
ilALLah
:
:
MOHD FADZIL ABDUL RAHIM
MOHD FADZIL ABDUL RAHIM
Matlamat Hidup Muslim
MATLAMAT HIDUP
PEMBAHAGIAN MANUSIA
DI DUNIA MENURUT
PANDANGAN ISLAM
1. GOLONGAN MANUSIA YANG HIDUPNYA
HANYA UNTUK DUNIA
2. GOLONGAN YANG
TERCARI-CARI ANTARA
DUNIA DAN AKHIRAT
3. GOLONGAN YANG MENGANGGAP BAHAWA
DUNIA SEBAGAI LADANG AKHIRAT
Sumber:
Buku: Apa erti saya menganut Islam
HANYA UNTUK DUNIA
2. GOLONGAN YANG
TERCARI-CARI ANTARA
DUNIA DAN AKHIRAT
DENGAN MERUJUK KEPADA
AKTIVITI-AKTIVITI HARIAN ANDA
(AKTIVITI SEBELUM CUTI)
SERTA MATLAMAT-MATLAMAT
YANG TELAH ANDA SEBUTKAN
SILA KENALPASTI DI MANAKAH
KEDUDUKAN ANDA ANTARA TIGA
GOLONGAN INI
ARAHAN 2:
HANYA UNTUK DUNIA
Mereka merupakan golongan materialistik dari sudut
aqidah dan realiti kehidupan mereka sendiri.
1. Dunia menjadi tujuan dan matlamat terbesar hidup mereka
2. Menyangka bahawa segala sesuatu adalah terhasil daripada
usaha mereka sendiri.
Ciri-ciri:
Hakikat matlamat ini:
Mengkufuri kewujudan kehidupan selepas daripada
kehidupan dunia
3. Tenggelam dalam perjalanan mengejar kenikmatan dunia.
2. GOLONGAN YANG TERCARI-CARI ANTARA
DUNIA DAN AKHIRAT
Mereka merupakan kebanyakan daripada manusia yang aqidahnya
goyah (sentiasa ragu-ragu) dan banyak melakukan amalan sia-sia
dalam kehidupan dunia tetapi dalam masa yang sama menyangka
mereka di kalangan golongan yang melakukan kebaikan.
Ciri-ciri:
1. Beriman kepada Allah SWT dan hari akhirat tetapi pada
hakikatnya ia terpisah daripada realiti kehidupan mereka.
2. Kehidupan mereka lebih cenderung kepada gaya hidup
golongan materialistik walaupun melaksanakan beberapa
aktiviti kerohanian.
Mereka merupakan mukmin sebenar yang mengetahui hakikat
kehidupan ini dan mengerti berkenaan perbezaan nilai kehidupan
akhirat berbanding kehidupan dunia.
Kehidupan dunia mereka tidak lalai daripada menepati tujuan
(matlamat)kehidupan mereka yang sebenar iaitu mengabdikan
diri kepada Allah SWT.
CIRI-CIRI
Tiadalah hidup di dunia ini melainkan permainan dan pergurauan.
Sesungguhnya kampung akhirat, lebih baik bagi orang-orang yang
bertaqwa. Apa tidakkah kamu memikirkan ?
(Al Anam 6 : 32 )
HAKIKAT KEHIDUPAN DUNIA DAN AKHIRAT
APAKAH MATLAMAT HIDUP MUSLIM
YANG SEPATUTNYA???
Minda Hati Pancaindera
Amalan
Amalan
MATLAMAT
PERANAN MATLAMAT DALAM MENCORAKKAN TINDAKAN
MATLAMAT YANG TERSEMAT KUKUH DI HATI DAPAT
MENGIKAT MINDA DAN PANCAINDERA BERFUNGSI
KE ARAH MEREALISASIKAN APA YANG DIMATLAMATKAN
TERSEBUT
Amalan
Amalan
MATLAMAT
KES 1: MATLAMAT HIDUP: MENJADI KAYA (SAHAJA)
SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN DISELARASKAN
DENGAN MATLAMAT
IMPLIKASI: SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN TERSERLAH UNSUR-UNSUR YANG
MENGGAMBARKAN KEINGINAN YANG TINGGI UNTUK MENCAPAI MATLAMAT
TERSEBUT SEPERTI KESUNGGUHAN, DISIPLIN TETAPI TIADA YANG DAPAT
MENCEGAHNYA DARIPADA MELAKUKAN PECAH AMANAH, KHIANAT DSB
UNTUK MENCAPAI MATLAMAT TERSEBUT
Amalan
Amalan
MATLAMAT
KES 2: MATLAMAT HIDUP: KEREDHAAN ALLAH
SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN DISELARASKAN
DENGAN MATLAMAT
IMPLIKASI: SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN TERSERLAH
UNSUR-UNSUR YANG MENGGAMBARKAN KETAATAN
TERHADAP ALLAH SEPERTI AMANAH, JUJUR
MATLAMAT HIDUP ANDA: ANDA MEMBUAT KEPUTUSAN ???
Seseorang yang memeluk Islam dengan sebenar beranggapan bahawa
dunia sebagai medan untuk berlumba-lumba mentaati perintah Allah dan
mendapatkan redha-Nya. Seluruh kehidupannya menjurus ke arah tujuan
tersebut.
Golongan materialistik sentiasa berlumba-lumba dalam kehidupan ini
untuk tujuan memenuhi nafsu dan syahwat mereka.
Matlamat hidup
menjadi panduan
dalam kehidupan
PERJALANAN HIDUP MANUSIA
ALAM AKHIRAT ALAM BARZAKH
ALAM DUNIA
ALAM RAHIM
DARI ALLAH KEPADA ALLAH
SILA KAJI KEMBALI MATLAMAT HIDUP ANDA DENGAN
MENGAMBIL KIRA PERKARA BERIKUT:
DI MANA AKU SEBELUM AKU LAHIR?
UNTUK APA AKU DIJADIKAN?
KE MANA AKU AKAN PERGI SELEPAS INI?
TERIMA KASIH
EFFECTS OF NOISE
ON INDUSTRIAL WORKERS
NAME : NAFRIZUAN MAT YAHYA
MATRIC NO. : 61741
SUPERVISOR : DR. ZAHID AKHTAR KHAN
EXAMINER : MR. JAMALUDDIN ABDULLAH
OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION:
OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION:
1. 1.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
2. 2.
LITERATURE REVIEW
LITERATURE REVIEW
3. 3.
PROBLEM FORMULATION AND
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4. 4.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
5. 5.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Ergonomics Ergonomics- - the application of knowledge of human characteristics to the application of knowledge of human characteristics to
the design of systems. the design of systems.
Environmental ergonomics is concerned with how the people intera Environmental ergonomics is concerned with how the people interact ct
with the environment from the perspective of ergonomics. with the environment from the perspective of ergonomics.
There are numerous factors that can make up a working environmen There are numerous factors that can make up a working environment. t.
These include noise, vibration, light, heat and cold, particulat These include noise, vibration, light, heat and cold, particulates in the es in the
air, gases, air pressures, gravity, etc. air, gases, air pressures, gravity, etc.
There is a continuous and dynamic interaction between people and There is a continuous and dynamic interaction between people and
their environments that produces physiological and psychological their environments that produces physiological and psychological
strain on the person strain on the person
This can lead to discomfort, annoyance, subtle and direct affect This can lead to discomfort, annoyance, subtle and direct affects on s on
performance and productivity, affects on health and safety, and performance and productivity, affects on health and safety, and death death
which also dramatically affected the performance of the workers. which also dramatically affected the performance of the workers.
Noise can have direct and indirect effects on workers' health. L Noise can have direct and indirect effects on workers' health. Long ong- -term term
exposure to noise causes noise exposure to noise causes noise- -induced hearing loss. induced hearing loss.
Through the set of these studies an effort was made to investiga Through the set of these studies an effort was made to investigate the te the
effect of noise on industrial worker. effect of noise on industrial worker.
For this purpose in course of investigations the impact of varyi For this purpose in course of investigations the impact of varying different ng different
work environments with different levels of noise on human operat work environments with different levels of noise on human operators was ors was
explored. explored.
The noises levels selected were representatives of three differ The noises levels selected were representatives of three different ent
industries prevalent in the Malaysian context. industries prevalent in the Malaysian context.
The sites of research were rubber boots and shoes industry, high The sites of research were rubber boots and shoes industry, high
precision CNC turning/metal stamping components industry and precision CNC turning/metal stamping components industry and
newspaper printing plant. newspaper printing plant.
LITERATURE REVIEW
LITERATURE REVIEW
Basic Physic of Sound Basic Physic of Sound
Sound may be defined as the auditory sensation produced by these Sound may be defined as the auditory sensation produced by these
pressure oscillations (Bridger, 1995). pressure oscillations (Bridger, 1995).
Bridger (1995) also defined noise as a sound or sounds at such Bridger (1995) also defined noise as a sound or sounds at such
amplitude as to annoyance or to interfere with communication. amplitude as to annoyance or to interfere with communication.
Sound can be measured objectively but noise is a subjective Sound can be measured objectively but noise is a subjective
phenomenon phenomenon
Kroemer et al. (2001) mentioned that noise is psychological and Kroemer et al. (2001) mentioned that noise is psychological and
subjective subjective
Single, short tones of low intensity may be considered noise und Single, short tones of low intensity may be considered noise under er
certain conditions, just as loud, lasting, complex sounds may be certain conditions, just as loud, lasting, complex sounds may be
deemed noise under other circumstances. deemed noise under other circumstances.
The frequencies or frequencies distributions of both are measure The frequencies or frequencies distributions of both are measured in d in
Hertz (Hz), their intensities in amplitude and sound pressure le Hertz (Hz), their intensities in amplitude and sound pressure levels in vels in
logarithmic manner units known as decibels (dB). logarithmic manner units known as decibels (dB).
Basic Anatomy and Physiology of the Peripheral Auditory System Basic Anatomy and Physiology of the Peripheral Auditory System
The hearing mechanism is divided anatomically into three parts. The hearing mechanism is divided anatomically into three parts. The The
parts are the outer ear, middle ear and the inner ear parts are the outer ear, middle ear and the inner ear (Sound Research (Sound Research
Laboratories Ltd., 1991) Laboratories Ltd., 1991)
Functionally, the ear can be considered in two distinctly separa Functionally, the ear can be considered in two distinctly separate te
parts, the outer and middle ear joining together to collect the parts, the outer and middle ear joining together to collect the sound sound
waves and transform the acoustic energy into a series of nerve waves and transform the acoustic energy into a series of nerve
impulses which represent the acoustic events. impulses which represent the acoustic events.
Inner ear have a organs that responds to specific frequencies Inner ear have a organs that responds to specific frequencies
depending on their structure and location. The impulses generate depending on their structure and location. The impulses generated on d on
the cilia (in inner ear) are transmitted along the cochlear nerv the cilia (in inner ear) are transmitted along the cochlear nerve to the e to the
brain for interpretation. brain for interpretation.
Sound and Noise Measurements Sound and Noise Measurements
The Occupational Safety and Health Act (Public Law 91 The Occupational Safety and Health Act (Public Law 91- -596) of Office 596) of Office
of Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of America establishe of Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of America established a d a
regulation that said a maximum noise level of 90 dBA for a conti regulation that said a maximum noise level of 90 dBA for a continuous nuous
8 8- -hour exposure during a working day. Higher sound levels are hour exposure during a working day. Higher sound levels are
allowed for shorter exposure times. (Thumann and Miller,1986) allowed for shorter exposure times. (Thumann and Miller,1986)
Noise Dosimeters Noise Dosimeters - -integration of the noise measured at the integration of the noise measured at the
microphones over period of time and expresses it as a percentage microphones over period of time and expresses it as a percentage of of
the daily allowable noise dose the daily allowable noise dose (Bridger,1995) (Bridger,1995)
Sound Level Meters Sound Level Meters- -used in noise measurements to cope with the used in noise measurements to cope with the
widely varying types of noise encountered in industry, commercia widely varying types of noise encountered in industry, commercial l
meters usually have several responses modes meters usually have several responses modes- -normally, slow and fast normally, slow and fast
and sometimes impulse response modes. and sometimes impulse response modes.
The Effects of Noise The Effects of Noise
Noise can create negative emotions, feeling of surprise, frustra Noise can create negative emotions, feeling of surprise, frustration, tion,
anger and fear. anger and fear.
The effects of noise also produce temporary or permanent alterat The effects of noise also produce temporary or permanent alterations ions
in body chemistry and temporarily or permanently change one in body chemistry and temporarily or permanently change one s s
hearing capability too. (Kroemer et al. 2001). hearing capability too. (Kroemer et al. 2001).
The major effects of noise were physiological stress, N The major effects of noise were physiological stress, N- -reactions (non reactions (non- -
auditory reactions), Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS), startle ef auditory reactions), Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS), startle effect, fect,
auditory effects, Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS), acoustic trau auditory effects, Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS), acoustic trauma, ma,
psychological effects, sleep disturbances and speech interferenc psychological effects, sleep disturbances and speech interference. e.
Irritability, tenseness, insomnia are the diseases due to exposu Irritability, tenseness, insomnia are the diseases due to exposure to re to
high level of noise. high level of noise.
Preventing the Effects of Noise Preventing the Effects of Noise
Avoid generation Avoid generation
Impede transmission Impede transmission
Leave the area Leave the area
Use of Hearing Protection Devices (HPD) Use of Hearing Protection Devices (HPD)
Control Methods of Noise in Industrial Site Control Methods of Noise in Industrial Site
Analyze processes and equipment during planning and design. Analyze processes and equipment during planning and design.
Substitute alternate equipments, materials, processes and activi Substitute alternate equipments, materials, processes and activities for ties for
quieter ones. quieter ones.
Modify the noise sources when it cannot be replaced. Modify the noise sources when it cannot be replaced.
Use enclosure to encloses a sound source or place sound absorbin Use enclosure to encloses a sound source or place sound absorbing g
materials on the surfaces of objects within or a room. materials on the surfaces of objects within or a room.
Some Basic steps in the Management of Industrial Noise Exposure Some Basic steps in the Management of Industrial Noise Exposure
Short Short- -term measure term measure- - e.g. issue earplugs or earmuffs e.g. issue earplugs or earmuffs
Medium Medium- - term measure term measure- - e.g. reposition noisy machines e.g. reposition noisy machines
Long Long- -term measure term measure- -e.g e.g. implement an audiometric testing program . implement an audiometric testing program
Present work pertains to the one of the most critical dimensions Present work pertains to the one of the most critical dimensions of of
environment that is noise and its impacts on human workers. The environment that is noise and its impacts on human workers. The
studies were confined to the industrial workers only. The hypoth studies were confined to the industrial workers only. The hypothesis esis
tested were: tested were:
The industrial workers involved in respective researched The industrial workers involved in respective researched
industrial sites are negatively affected by the level of noise industrial sites are negatively affected by the level of noise
generated in their respective work environments generated in their respective work environments
The work environments studied pertained to the following respect The work environments studied pertained to the following respective ive
industrial site below: industrial site below:
Harvik Rubber Industries Sdn. Bhd. , Prai, Penang. Harvik Rubber Industries Sdn. Bhd. , Prai, Penang.
Wong Engineering Industries Sdn. Bhd,, Kulim, Kedah. Wong Engineering Industries Sdn. Bhd,, Kulim, Kedah.
The New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd., Prai, Penang. The New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd., Prai, Penang.
The variables explored spanned over following types:
Physiological effects variables
Psychological effects variables
Auditory effects variables
Hearing loss effects variables
Sleep disturbances variables
The questionnaires were designed and the effects have been collected
through three types of answers. The categories answer were YES, NO and
CANNOT SAY.
The questionnaires comprised of 40 items spanning over the following
kinds of the variables and circulated among the workers at each sites of
research.
The actual of noise to which workers were being exposed was recorded
by using Logging Noise Dose Meter Type 4443.
These were done by standing at the workers place in 5 minute to record
the maximum level and average level of noise at those locations.
.
The questionnaires that have been circulated have been answered The questionnaires that have been circulated have been answered by by
40 respondents or total 120 persons. 40 respondents or total 120 persons.
Result of the data analysis pertaining general information of re Result of the data analysis pertaining general information of respondents at spondents at
each site each site
Information Harvik Rubber Wong Engineering NSTP Printing
Male
24 persons
(60 %)
35 persons
(87.5%)
34 persons
(85%)
Female
16 persons
(40%)
5 persons
(12.5%)
6 persons
(15%)
16 to 25 years
0 person
(0%)
8 persons
(20%)
2 persons
(5%)
25 to 40 years
20 persons
(50%)
26 persons
(65%)
26 persons
(65%)
40 to 55 years
20 persons
(50%)
6 persons
(15%)
11 persons
(27.5%)
More than 55 years
0 person
(0%)
0 person
(0%)
1 person
(2.5%)
Married
34 persons
(85%)
24 persons
(60%)
33 persons
(82.5%)
Unmarried
6 persons
(15%)
16 persons
(40%)
7 persons
(17.5%)
Marital
status
Age
Sex
Less than a year
0 persons
(0%)
6 persons
(15%)
3 persons
(7.5%)
One to two years
1 person
(2.5%)
12 persons
(30%)
14 persons
(35%)
Two to five years
4 persons
(10%)
7 persons
(17.5%)
2 persons
(5%)
More than five years
35 persons
(87.5%)
15 persons
(37.5%)
21 persons
(52.5%)
Less than 1 Km
0 person
(0%)
0 person
(0%)
0 person
(0%)
1 Km to 5 Km
6 persons
(15%)
12 persons
(30%)
13 persons
(32.5%)
5 Km to 10 Km
6 persons
(15%)
12 persons
(30%)
18 persons
(45%)
More than 10 Km
28 persons
(70%)
6 persons
(15%)
9 persons
(22,5%)
Distance from
house to
workplace
Duration in
section
Study of the noise level status
Study of the noise level status
existing at different sites in
existing at different sites in
Harvik Rubber, Wong
Harvik Rubber, Wong
Engineering and NSTP Printing
Engineering and NSTP Printing
Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the Harvik Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the Harvik Rubber Rubber
NO. OF
PLACE
NAME OF PLACE MAXIMUM
(dBA)
LEQ
(dBA)
1 Preparation Section 84.3 78,4
2 Moulding Section 88.8 80,1
3 Skim Calender Section 90.6 85,1
4 Mixing Section 89.1 84,6
5 Cutting Section 94.3 80,4
6 Assembly Section 96.7 84,7
7 Vulcaniser Section 82.8 80,3
8 Finish Good Inspection Section 86.4 75,5
9 Air Compressor Room 88.6 87,5
10 Boiler Room 93.4 90,7
11 Maintenance Workshop 88.4 81,3
Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at H Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at Harvik Rubber arvik Rubber
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Place
d
B
A
Maximum (dBA)
LEQ (dBA)
Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the Wong En Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the Wong Engineering gineering
NO. OF PLACE NAME OF PLACE MAXIMUM
(dBA)
LEQ (dBA)
1 Turret Bending Section 86.8 83,2
2 Turret Punching Section (Cell A) 95.1 87,1
3 Turret Punching Section (Cell B) 85.0 82,2
4 Low Stamping Section 84.6 82
5 Medium Stamping Section (Cell A) 95.4 84,1
6 Medium Stamping Section (Cell B) 90.4 81,3
7 Heavy Stamping Section 98.5 86,6
8 Multi Spindle Section ( Cell A) 88.1 82
9 Multi Spindle Section (Cell B) 78.9 78
10 Escomatic Section 89.3 86,2
11 CNC-1 Section (Cell A) 87.7 83,6
12 CNC-1 Section (Cell B) 89.1 82,3
13 CNC-2 Section 87.7 81,3
Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at W Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at Wong ong
Engineering Engineering
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Place
d
B
A
Maximum (dBA)
LEQ (dBA)
Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the NSTP Pr Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the NSTP Printing inting
NO. OF
PLACE
NAME OF PLACE MAXIMUM
(dBA)
LEQ
(dBA)
1 Pre-press Section
95.2 80,1
2 Press Section
96.1 93,7
3 Reel Stand Section
79.0 77,1
4 Mail (Packaging) Section
89.3 80,3
Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at N Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at NSTP Printing STP Printing
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 2 3 4
Place
d
B
A
Maximum (dBA)
LEQ (dBA)
Study of the effects of noise on
Study of the effects of noise on
industrial workers in Harvik
industrial workers in Harvik
Rubber, Wong Engineering and
Rubber, Wong Engineering and
NSTP Printing Plant
NSTP Printing Plant
Physiological Effects on the industrial workers in each site Physiological Effects on the industrial workers in each site
Physiological Effect /
Noise
Presence of Effect
in (%)
No Effect
in (%)
No Response
in (%)
Harvik Rubber 27 54 19
Wong Engineering 25 70 5
NSTP Printing 30 56 14
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Harvik
Rubber
Wong
Engineering
NSTP
Printing Plant
Place
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e

(
%
)
No response
No effect
Presence of effect
Hearing Loss Effects on the industrial workers in each site Hearing Loss Effects on the industrial workers in each site
Hearing Loss Effect /
Noise
Presence of Effect
in (%)
No Effect
in (%)
No Response
in (%)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Harvik
Rubber
Wong
Engineering
NSTP
Printing Plant
Place
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e

(
%
)
No response
No effect
Presence of effect
Auditory Effects on the industrial workers in each site Auditory Effects on the industrial workers in each site
Auditory Effect / Noise
Presence of Effect
in (%)
No Effect
in (%)
No Response
in (%)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Harvik
Rubber
Wong
Engineering
NSTP
Printing Plant
Place
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e

(
%
)
No response
No effect
Presence of effect
Psychological Effects on the industrial workers in each site Psychological Effects on the industrial workers in each site
Psychological Effect /
Noise
Presence of Effect in
(%)
No Effect
in (%)
No Response in (%)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Harvik
Rubber
Wong
Engineering
NSTP
Printing Plant
Place
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e

(
%
)
No response
No effect
Presence of effect
Sleep Disturbances Effects on the industrial workers in each sit Sleep Disturbances Effects on the industrial workers in each site e
Sleep Disturbances /
Noise
Presence of
Disturbances
in (%)
No Disturbances
Effect
in (%)
No Response
in (%)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Harvik Rubber Wong
Engineering
NSTP Printing
Plant
Place
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e

(
%
)
No response
No effect
Presence of effect
Study of hearing protection
Study of hearing protection
equipments that have been
equipments that have been
provided by the management
provided by the management
to the employees as one of the
to the employees as one of the
way to reduce noise effect on
way to reduce noise effect on
industrial worker
industrial worker
An opinion of workers regarding to the Hearing Protection Equipm An opinion of workers regarding to the Hearing Protection Equipment that ent that
have been provided by management to them have been provided by management to them
Protection Of Hearing
/ Noise
Presence of Protection
in (%)
No Protection
in (%)
No Response
in (%)
NSTP Regional
Printing Plant
93 4 3
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Harvik Rubber Wong
Engineering
NSTP Printing
Plant
Place
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e

(
%
)
No response
No protection
Presence of protection
Statistical Analysis Of The Data Obtained Statistical Analysis Of The Data Obtained
The most common type of test used to carry out bivariate analysi The most common type of test used to carry out bivariate analysis in s in
practice is Chi practice is Chi- -square test. square test.
The Chi The Chi- -square test may tell us that whether the two variables are square test may tell us that whether the two variables are
dependent or independent. dependent or independent.
However, it does not tell anything about the nature of relations However, it does not tell anything about the nature of relationship hip
between the two variables between the two variables
.
.
Generally, the null hypothesis for overall Chi Generally, the null hypothesis for overall Chi- -square test is that the two square test is that the two
variables are independent of each other. variables are independent of each other.
The alternative hypothesis is that they are not independent, tha The alternative hypothesis is that they are not independent, that is, t is,
there is a relationship between the two variables. there is a relationship between the two variables.
In the present case the one variable was represented by the kind In the present case the one variable was represented by the kind of of
industrial environment or site while the second variable indicat industrial environment or site while the second variable indicates the es the
presence or absence of effect on the industrial workers. presence or absence of effect on the industrial workers.
The observed (O) and expected (E) frequency values were calculat The observed (O) and expected (E) frequency values were calculated. ed.
The null hypothesis so formed was tested at a confidence level o The null hypothesis so formed was tested at a confidence level of f
90%( 90%( = 0.1) and 95% ( = 0.1) and 95% ( = 0.05) and accuracy = 0.05) and accuracy 5% Chi 5% Chi- -square value square value
was calculated from (O was calculated from (O- -E)2 / E. E)2 / E.
Expected value was calculated by using probability. Expected value was calculated by using probability.
When observed value would significantly greater than the expecte When observed value would significantly greater than the expected d
value a relationship is said to exist between two variables othe value a relationship is said to exist between two variables otherwise the rwise the
relationship does not exists. relationship does not exists.
Data Analysis for the Physiological Effects Data Analysis for the Physiological Effects
Computation of Test Statistic of Physiological Effects
( )
E
E O
2
Place Responds O E
Presence of effect 172 173.33 0.01
No effect 343 384.00 4.38
Cannot say 125 82.67 21.67
No effect 449 384.00 11.00
Cannot say 34 82.67 28.65
No effect 360 384.00 1.50
Cannot say 89 82.67 0.48
Total 71.03
NSTP Printing
Wong Engineering
Harvik Rubber
Discussion and conclusion
From From Chi Chi- -Square Distribution Table, Square Distribution Table, level of significance, level of significance, = 0.1 and = 0.1 and
the degree of freedom (df) = 4, the critical value obtained is the degree of freedom (df) = 4, the critical value obtained is
Since the computed test statistics has ex Since the computed test statistics has exceeded the ceeded the
critical value or: critical value or:
So, the null hypothesis is rejected. So, the null hypothesis is rejected.
I If we take level of significance, = 0.05 and the degree of freedom
(df) =4, the critical value obtained is the critical value obtained is
Since the computed test statistic has Since the computed test statistic has exceeded the exceeded the
critical value or : critical value or :
So, the null hypothesis is rejected too. So, the null hypothesis is rejected too.
This meant that at level of significance This meant that at level of significance = 0.1 and = 0.1 and = 0.05, = 0.05,
Physiological Effects of noise on industrial workers are depende Physiological Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on nt on
type of industry type of industry
77944 . 7
1 . 0
2
=
1 . 0
2 2
>
03 . 71
2
=
48773 . 9
05 . 0
2
=
03 . 71
2
=
05 . 0
2 2
>
Data Analysis for the Hearing Loss Effects Data Analysis for the Hearing Loss Effects
Computation of Test Statistic of Hearing Loss Effects
( )
E
E O
2
Place Responds O E
No effect 73 86.00 1.97
Cannot say 19 13.00 2.77
No effect 103 86.00 3.36
Cannot say 6 13.00 3.77
No effect 82 86.00 0.19
Cannot say 14 13.00 0.08
Total 14.73
NSTP Printing
Wong Engineering
Harvik Rubber
This meant that at level of significance This meant that at level of significance = 0.1 and = 0.1 and = 0.05, Hearing = 0.05, Hearing
Loss Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on typ Loss Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on type of e of
industry industry
77944 . 7
1 . 0
2
=
1 . 0
2 2
>
48773 . 9
05 . 0
2
=
05 . 0
2 2
>
73 . 14
2
=
73 . 14
2
=
Data Analysis for the Auditory Effects Data Analysis for the Auditory Effects
Computation of Test Statistic of Auditory Effects
( )
E
E O
2
Place Responds O E
No effect 13 17.00 0.94
Cannot say 2 5.00 1.80
No effect 23 17.00 2.12
No effect 15 17.00 0.24
Total 9.85
NSTP Printing
Wong Engineering
Harvik Rubber
This meant that at level of significance This meant that at level of significance = 0.1 and = 0.1 and = 0.05, Auditory = 0.05, Auditory
Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on type of Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on type of industry industry
77944 . 7
1 . 0
2
=
1 . 0
2 2
>
48773 . 9
05 . 0
2
=
05 . 0
2 2
>
85 . 9
2
=
85 . 9
2
=
Data Analysis for the Psychological Effects Data Analysis for the Psychological Effects
Computation of Test Statistic of Psychological Effects
( )
E
E O
2
Place Responds O E
No effect 167 182.00 1.24
Cannot say 62 48.67 3.65
No effect 196 182.00 1.08
Cannot say 39 48.67 1.92
No effect 183 182.00 0.01
Cannot say 45 48.67 0.28
Total 8.30
NSTP Printing
Wong Engineering
Harvik Rubber
Since the computed test statistic has Since the computed test statistic has not exceeded the not exceeded the
So, the null hypothesis is accepted. So, the null hypothesis is accepted.
This meant that at level of significance = 0.1, Psychological Effects of
noise on industrial workers are dependent on types of industry but at
level of significant = 0.05 the effects are independent.
77944 . 7
1 . 0
2
=
1 . 0
2 2
>
48773 . 9
05 . 0
2
=
30 . 8
2
=
30 . 8
2
=
05 . 0
2 2
<
Data Analysis for the Sleep Disturbances Effects Data Analysis for the Sleep Disturbances Effects
Computation of Test Statistic of Sleep Disturbances Effects
( )
E
E O
2
Place Responds O E
No effect 67 58.33 1.29
Cannot say 11 9.33 0.30
No effect 45 58.33 3.05
No effect 63 58.33 0.37
Total 11.72
NSTP Printing
Wong Engineering
Harvik Rubber
This meant that at level of significance This meant that at level of significance = 0.1 and = 0.1 and = 0.05, Sleep = 0.05, Sleep
Disturbances Effects of noise on industrial workers are depende Disturbances Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on nt on
type of industry type of industry
77944 . 7
1 . 0
2
=
1 . 0
2 2
>
48773 . 9
05 . 0
2
=
05 . 0
2 2
>
72 . 11
2
=
72 . 11
2
=
Results of the statistical test in a summarized form with refere Results of the statistical test in a summarized form with reference to nce to
the five effects of interest. the five effects of interest.
Relationship between the type of effect
at different propose sites
No. Type of Effect
= 0.1 = 0.05
1 Physiological Effects Significant Significant
2 Hearing Loss Effects Significant Significant
3 Auditory Effects Significant Significant
4 Psychological Effects Significant Not Significant
5 Sleep Disturbances Effects Significant Significant
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
1. 1. The highest extent of noise in term of maximum level of noise at The highest extent of noise in term of maximum level of noise at
designed area in each different site was can be drawn as below: designed area in each different site was can be drawn as below:
a) a) Harvik Rubber Harvik Rubber - - 96.7 dBA at Assembly section 96.7 dBA at Assembly section
b) b) Wong Engineering Wong Engineering 98.5 dBA at Heavy Stamping section 98.5 dBA at Heavy Stamping section
c) c) NSTP Printing NSTP Printing 96.1 dBA at Press section 96.1 dBA at Press section
2. 2. On the effects of noise, the percentage of industrial workers af On the effects of noise, the percentage of industrial workers affected fected
physiologically, psychologically, feeling regarding the noise le physiologically, psychologically, feeling regarding the noise level on vel on
hearing ability (hearing loss effects), have a sleep disturbance hearing ability (hearing loss effects), have a sleep disturbances and s and
auditory problem when they worked in the industrial areas. The auditory problem when they worked in the industrial areas. The
statistical analysis indicates that there is a relationship. statistical analysis indicates that there is a relationship.
3. 3. Suggestion Suggestion- -It can be seen that all the effects reduces the noise level to It can be seen that all the effects reduces the noise level to
a safe limit. a safe limit.
4. 4. Then all workers should given hearing protection equipments and Then all workers should given hearing protection equipments and it it
should be made compulsory by management to wear hearing should be made compulsory by management to wear hearing
protection equipment when dealing with task in noisy environment protection equipment when dealing with task in noisy environment. .
THANK YOU
THANK YOU
..
..
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
ANALYSIS OF WIRE SWEEP
DURING MOLD ENCAPSULATION
OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT
NORAINI MOHD RAZALI
UKM
THESIS OUTLINE
Introduction
Literature review
Methodology
Result & discussion
Conclusion & recommendation
INTRODUCTION
OBJ ECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To study the relationship between molding
process parameters and wire sweep in
mold encapsulation process, in order to
reduce or eliminate wire short arising from
processing and therefore avoiding scrap
and customer return
Problem background
D
Mold flow direction
Lead
frame
Die
Wire
Wire sweep is a swaying or movement of the
wires during molding (encapsulation process)
along the direction of mold flow, which may
result in broken or wire shorting.
The level of wire sweep is measured by the
distance of sweep D, where D is equal or
greater than 3 wire diameter
Minimizing wire sweep typically involves
making changes to the formulation of the
mold compound, the process parameters and
the mold design. Hence, understanding the
effects of these factors on wire sweep is
crucial to ensure the processability and high
yield.
Factor affecting wire sweep

Primary Factors

Secondary Factors

Device geometry

Wire bonding

Mold design

Molding compound

Molding condition

Lead frame design

Bond pad pitch, pad layout (in line vs. staggered)

Wire length, diameter, strength, and loop shape

Gate design, runner design, cavity position

Spiral flow, viscosity, moisture preconditioning

Preheat, transfer pressure, transfer speed, mold
temperature

Lead finger (stamped vs. etched), lead finger pitch,
die pad configuration (size, holes, anchors)

The thesis is focused on the wire sweep
caused by molding condition which is
much related to the process parameter
optimization during encapsulation process
Overview of semiconductor process
Wafer saw
Die attach
Wire bonding
Encapsulation
Solder plating
Lead forming
Marking &
testing
Test & Inspection
Packing
Test & Inspection
Test & Inspection
Wafer saw
Die attach
Wire bonding
Encapsulation
Solder plating
Lead forming
Marking &
Test & Inspection
Packing
Test & Inspection
Test & Inspection
Transfer molding machine
Platen
Lower basic
mold
Upper basic
mold
Upper mold
Basic mold holder
(Lower)
Basic mold holder
(Upper)
Clamp
cylinder
Ejector
cylinder
Transfer cylinder
Lower mold
Lead frame with
device attached
Platen
Lower basic
mold
Upper basic
mold
Upper mold
Basic mold holder
(Lower)
Basic mold holder
(Upper)
Clamp
cylinder
Ejector
cylinder
Transfer cylinder
Lower mold
Lead frame with
device attached
Pel l et Tr ay
Pi c k up ar m
Pel l et
Pel l et
Tr ay
Tabl e
Pel l et
Sensor
Pl unger
Upper Basi c Mol d
Low er Basi c Mol d
Upper Mol d
Low er Mol d
Lead f r ame
Pel l et Tr ay
Pi c k up ar m
Pel l et
Pel l et
Tr ay
Tabl e
Pel l et
Sensor
Pl unger
Upper Basi c Mol d
Low er Basi c Mol d
Upper Mol d
Low er Mol d
Lead f r ame
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
MOLDSET UPPER & LOWER
(96 CAVITY)
Mold process flow
Step 1: Open mold
Step 2: Closed mold Step 3: Placement of pellet
Step 4: Transfer-engaging plunger Step 5: Transfer-filling the runners Step 6: Transfer-Filling the mold cavities
Step 7: Open mold after mold compound cure Step 8: Separating packages from runners & cull
Overview of mold compound (pellet)
composition & properties
Cat alyst
0%
Har dener
12%
Epoxy r esin
11%
Release agent ,
color ing,
coupling agent
1%
Flame r et ar dant
3%
St r ess r elief
addit ive
2%
Ot her
1%
Silica f iller
70%
Effects of filler compound
Increase thermal conductivity; Thermal conductivity is higher than
resinous matrix.
Decrease the coefficient of thermal expansion; Thermal
expansion is less than resinous matrix.
Increase both the mechanical strength and modulus; Mechanical
strength and modulus are higher than resinous matrix.
Decrease water absorption and diffusion coefficient; Water is only
absorbed on the silica surface. As a result, diffusion of water
through the filler is blocked entirely.
Increase melts viscosity; Viscosity is the most important limit on
amount of filler that can be added.
Increase the rate of wear on the cavity surface.
Increase alpha particle emission; naturally occurring silica is the
only significant source of thorium and uranium that are in turn the
sources of alpha particles.
Usually decrease the cost of the composite.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Previous study on wire sweep
Nguyen and Lim (1990) in diode IC studying wire sweep problem
under different model, ratio of cavity/height of lead frame and wire
properties.
Han and Wang (1995) investigated the wire sweep problem - used
2D numerical model to simulate the flow to calculate drag force.
Chai and Zohar (1999) used 160L QFP to study the influence of
viscosity, the quantity of wire and height of cavity on wire sweep.
Chen (1997) used shape factor to analyze wire sweep analysis.
T. Yoshida & A.Tanaka from Nitto Denko Corp. (1996) study the
wire sweep caused by the mechanism of die pad tilting which
normally used to be said physical phenomenon like unbalanced
encapsulant flow at top and bottom portion of die pad that drives
different pressure gap at each portion
Rauhut (1997) from Dexter Corp. study the wire sweep control with
mold compound formulation. His study aims at providing a better
understanding of the relationship between mold compound
formulations and wire sweep.
Mold process condition
Successful optimization depends largely on
adjustment of five key conditions or properties of
the molding compound during the process.
These properties are;
Temperature
Velocity during transfer
Viscosity in the cavity
Pressure during cure in the cavity and
The extent of the cure reaction.
Thermosetting characteristic
Most thermosetting molding compounds will crosslink over a wide
range of temperatures
In order to be able to transfer the mold compound into the mold
cavities, it has to be in the liquid low viscosity state.
The higher the temperature the faster the mold compound cures,
and therefore the gel time and the time for transfer will decrease.
Influence of temperature on time-viscosity curve (bath tub curve)
Thermosetting characteristic
Most molding compounds are granular at
room temperature.
When exposed to heat, the granules melt
and the compound becomes fluid.
Under continued heat cross-linking occurs
and the material solidifies.
As the material goes from solid to fluid to
solid, its viscosity changes in a manner
indicated by bath tub curve.
METHODOLOGY
Full Factorial Experiment
2
N
Full factorial experiment at two levels, designated
Nrefers to the factors or variables whose level settings are
felt by the experimenter to have a significant influence on
process output.
2refers to the fact that each factor will be tested at two
levels, a high (+) and a low (-) setting.
The word fullmeans that all possible combinations of levels
for all factors will be run in the experiment, and the data
generated will be used in analyzing experimental results.
As the number of factors in a factorial experiment grows, the
number of effects that can be estimated also grows, where
every possible combination can occur:
2
N
4
5
10
2 16 treatment combinations

Experimental frame work
A brainstorming session was held to identify all
possible factors that could be studied as
independent variables.
Four major factors were selected from a broader
range of experiences.
The four factors were
1) Mold temperature
2) Transfer pressure
3) Transfer speed
3) Pellet Breaking point.
Factors and levels used in the DOE
for wire sweep analysis
Level
Parameter
-1 +1
Mold temperature (C)
Transfer pressure (bar)
Transfer speed (mm/s)
Pellet breaking Point (mm)
200
100
3
5.5
212
180
7
7.5

Original setting of mold parameter
Parameter Original setting
Mold temperature (A)
Transfer pressure (B)
Transfer speed (C)
Pellet breaking point (D)
212C
150 bar
5 mm/s
6.8 mm

Experimental design for wire sweep
optimization by listing all possible -/+
combinations.
Run Pattern
Mold
Temperature (A)
Transfer
Pressure (B)
Transfer Speed
(C)
Pellet breaking
Point (D)
1 - - - - -1 -1 -1 -1
2 - - - + -1 -1 -1 1
3 - - +- -1 -1 1 -1
4 - - ++ -1 -1 1 1
5 - +- - -1 1 -1 -1
6 - +- + -1 1 -1 1
7 - ++- -1 1 1 -1
8 - +++ -1 1 1 1
9 +- - - 1 -1 -1 -1
10 +- - + 1 -1 -1 1
11 +- +- 1 -1 1 -1
12
+- ++
1 -1 1 1
13 ++- - 1 1 -1 -1
14 ++- + 1 1 -1 1
15 +++- 1 1 1 -1
16 ++++ 1 1 1 1

Sample size
In determining sample size, the cost and time required
must be considered for sample preparation, i.e. cost/time
required to repeat or replicate the experiment.
It is infeasible to conduct replications for four factors
experiment, though it is always highly recommended to
do so whenever the experimenter can afford to.
For this experiment, each run consists of 10 cycles or so
called shot in which 1 shot produced 96 units; therefore
the total units per run is 960 units.
First 5 shots were scrapped to allow the process
especially temperature to be stabilized.
Description of test vehicle used in the
DOE
Variables Description
Package
Type
Body size
Gate size
SOT363 6-lead
2.1 x 1.25 x 0.9t mm
280 (Width) x 210 (height) m
Leadframe Lead size 220 m
Die Size 300 x 300 m
Wire bond
Material
Diameter
Average wire loop
Gold
23 m
180 200 m
Mold compound
Type
Average filler content
Filler type
Average filler size
Curing time
Plaskon
70%
Angular
5 150 m
15 sec

Design of mold set used in the
experiment
Runner & gate
Plunger pot
Cavity
Lead slot
Upper mold
Lead slot
Cavity
Lower mold
Runner & gate
Plunger pot
Cavity
Lead slot
Upper mold
Lead slot
Cavity
Lower mold
Mold flow direction is dependent on the gate position for
each cavity.
It can be either at a, b, c, or d position.
Low power scope is used to identify the gate position.
1
2
a
b
c
d
Configuration of 6-
lead SOT363, with
the location of the
wire bonds to be
monitored (wire #1
and #2).
Method of measurement & detection
X-Ray radiography is used to detect wire sweep for
every molded devices.
Product is marked when the distance of the swept is
equal or greater than 3 wire diameter.
For the wire sweep < 3 wire diameter (minor sweep),
product is still accepted.
Low power scope is used to identify the gate position.
Marked product is proceed to the de-capsulation
process. The purpose of de-capsulation is to expose the
internal construction of the device without altering the
failure mode
Following de-capsulation, internal examination can be
achieved by the use of optical microscope or with the
scanning electron microscopic (SEM).
RESULT & DISCUSSION
The number of wire sweep for each run, which already inspected by
an X-Ray machine with considering the noise factor is then analyzed
using Statistical software called J MP.
Only major wire sweep is taken as a result of the experiment, while
minor wire sweep is neglected
X-Ray pictures (top & side view) of the major wire sweep
Noise factor FE process defect
squared wire due to dirty capillary
scratched on ball bond might due to
operator handling with tweezer
Results of wire sweep
The total results of an X-Ray inspection are recorded in the DOE table and
generated using J MP software.
The table presents the data from the 16 runs of the Design of Experiment.
Run Pattern
Mold
temperature
(A)
Transfer
Pressure (B)
Transfer
Speed (C)
Pellet
breaking
Point (D)
#of wire
sweep
1 - - - - 200 100 3 5.5 2
2 - - - + 200 100 3 7.5 5
3 - - +- 200 100 7 5.5 0
4 - - ++ 200 100 7 7.5 5
5 - +- - 200 180 3 5.5 62
6 - +- + 200 180 3 7.5 63
7 - ++- 200 180 7 5.5 40
8 - +++ 200 180 7 7.5 56
9 +- - - 212 100 3 5.5 0
10 +- - + 212 100 3 7.5 1
11 +- +- 212 100 7 5.5 0
12 +- ++ 212 100 7 7.5 4
13 ++- - 212 180 3 5.5 4
14 ++- + 212 180 3 7.5 21
15 +++- 212 180 7 5.5 8
16 ++++ 212 180 7 7.5 19
4
2
Effect of molding parameter
Screening Fit
#of wire sweep
Prediction Profile
63
0
18.125
A
206
B
140
C
5
D
6.5
The number of wire sweep is decreasing as the temperature (A)
goes from low level to high level.
Conversely, the number of wire sweep increased as the transfer
pressure (B) goes from low level to high level.
The effect of transfer speed (C) and breaking point (D) is very small
and not so significant.
This means that increasing or decreasing transfer speed and
breaking point from low to high level will not give much impact to the
wire sweep.
Effect Screening
Response: #of wire sweep
The estimates are correlated and need a transformation.
The estimates have different variances and need scaling.
Lenth PSE
9
Transformed Parameter Estimates
Term
Intercept
A
B
C
D
A*B
A*C
A*D
B*C
B*D
C*D
A*B*C
A*B*D
A*C*D
B*C*D
A*B*C*D
Original
-3720.703
17.930
36.524
458.776
390.385
-0.176
-2.216
-1.911
-4.575
-3.667
-61.156
0.022
0.018
0.297
0.593
-0.003
Orthog Coded
18.12500
-11.00000
16.00000
-1.62500
3.62500
-10.12500
2.25000
0.50000
-1.75000
2.00000
0.87500
1.62500
0.87500
-1.25000
0.25000
-1.37500
Orthog t-Test
8.0556
-4.8889
7.1111
-0.7222
1.6111
-4.5000
1.0000
0.2222
-0.7778
0.8889
0.3889
0.7222
0.3889
-0.5556
0.1111
-0.6111
Prob>|t|
<.0001
0.0002
<.0001
0.4813
0.1280
0.0004
0.3332
0.8271
0.4488
0.3881
0.7028
0.4813
0.7028
0.5867
0.9130
0.5503
E h O th E ti t i diti d th ff t b f it
(Coefficient) (Effect)
(P) (T)
J MP Table
J MP analysis for wire sweep analysis
The test statistics include all 4 main effects (A, B, C, D),
6 two-factor interactions (A*B, A*C, A*D, B*C, B*D,
C*D), 4 three-factor interactions (A*B*C, A*B*D, A*C*D,
B*C*D) and 1 four-factor interactions (A*B*C*D).
The P-values for all the test statistics are shown in the
last column of the table.
There is a strong effect of temperature, transfer pressure
and interaction of temperature and pressure since P
values < 0.05 (refer to the circle).
The other factors and interaction factors are not
significant (P>0.05) and can be discarded to produce a
reduced model if desired.
Interaction
Factorial experiments are the only way to discover interactions
between variables
The knowledge of the factor interaction is more useful than
knowledge of the main effect
The concept of interaction can be illustrated graphically in several
ways
The trivial many factors, which had no influence, fall on the straight
line near the zero effect level.
Two of these factors were the transfer speed and breaking point.
Transfer speed and breaking point thus had no impact on the
response.
This is an important outcome because setting transfer speed and
breaking point at this window is still safe for wire to sweep.
Normal Plot
-7.5
-5.0
-2.5
0.0
2.5
5.0
7.5
A
B
D
A*B
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Normal Quantile
Blue line is Lenth's PSE.
Normal probability plot of effect from the wire
sweep experiment
Interaction Profiles
Response: #of wire sweep
63
0
63
0
63
0
63
0
A
100
120
140
160
180
3
4
5
6
7
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
212
209
206
203
200
B
7
6
5
4
3
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
212
209
206
203
200
100
120
140
160
180
C
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
212
209
206
203
200
100
120
140
160
180
7
4
5
6
3
D
A B C D
Interaction plot for main factors show only factor
temperature and pressure have a strong interaction
Lines on this plot, which are parallel, imply no interaction
Matrix table for wire sweep analysis
(-) (+) (-) (+)
(-)
(+)
Temp
Speed
(-)
(+)
T.Press
T. Press
63 40
(-)
(+) 62
19 21 8 4
4 1 0 0
56
Speed
Breaking point
2 0 5 5
(-) (+)
At temperature set at low and transfer pressure set
at low,
Temp*T.pressure = (2 + 0 + 5 + 5) / 4 = 3
At temperature set at low and transfer pressure set
at high,
Temp*T.pressure = (62 + 40 + 63 + 56) / 4 = 55
The relationship between pressure and the
response variable, wire sweep is
dependent on the level of temperature.
When the temperature is at its low level,
changing transfer pressure from low to
high has a dramatic effect on the number
of wire sweep (increasing from 3 to 55).
Interaction plot
#of wire sweep
55
13
3
1
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5
Temp (-)
Temp (+)
Pressure
(+) (-)
#of wire sweep
12
21
23
17
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
Breaking point
Speed (-)
Speed (+)
(-)
(+)
Transfer pressure-Temperature
interaction plot from the wire sweep
experiment. Lines on this plot, which are
not parallel, imply an interaction.
Breaking point-Transfer speed interaction
plots from the wire sweep experiment.
Lines on this plot are almost parallel
implying no interaction
Regression model
The three largest effects are temperature, transfer pressure and the
interaction of temperature-transfer pressure. The regression model used to
obtain the predicted value is,
Where represents factor temperature, represents factor transfer
pressure and represents the temperature-transfer pressure interaction.
The regression coefficient , , and are found fromJ MP table and
is the error term.
1
x
+ + + + =
3 3 2 2 1 1
x x x Y
o

2
x
3
x
1
3 2 1
10 16 11 125 . 18
x x x y + =
0
The predicted values (wire sweep) would be

obtained by substituting the low and high levels
of temperature and transfer pressure into this
equation. For example, when both temperature
and transfer pressure at the low level, the
predicted value is,
3 ) 1 )( 1 ( 125 . 10 ) 1 ( 16 ) 1 ( 11 125 . 18
= + = y
Effect of filler
An increase in filler content resulted in
greater wire sweep.
This is due to the fact that with an increase
in filler content, there is an increase in filler
surface area, which brings about an
increase in compound viscosity.
Scratched on wire due to filler collision
CONCLUSION &
RECOMMENDATION
Conclusion
The three largest effects on wire sweep are temperature,
transfer pressure and the interaction of temperature-
transfer pressure.
The relationship between pressure and the wire sweep is
dependent on the level of temperature.
When the temperature is at its low level, changing
transfer pressure from low to high has a dramatic effect
on the number of wire sweep.
The number of wire sweep is decreasing as the
temperature goes from low level to high level.
Conversely, the number of wire sweep increased as the
transfer pressure goes from low level to high level.
Conclusion
Mold temperature and transfer pressure play a major
role in preventing the wire from sweep.
Although the effect of transfer speed and breaking point
is not so significant, the settings of these two parameters
are also critical. The effect of both parameters cannot be
seen since the setting difference of low and high is too
small.
Transfer speed and breaking point give only a minor
impact on the wire sweep. Therefore setting transfer
speed and breaking point at this window is still safe for
wire to sweep.
Conclusion
Applying high pressure with low temperature will
result in greater wire sweep. This is because the
minimum viscosity is reached after flow has
stopped.
Due to the fast cure time (15 sec) applied, higher
temperature setting is recommended.
higher temperature setting give lower wire
sweep. The higher the temperature, the faster
the mold compound cures, and therefore the gel
time and the time for transfer will decrease.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that the best setting to
prevent the wire sweep in the process is to
set the transfer pressure at the minimum,
breaking point at the minimum, with high
temperature and high transfer speed.
Recommendation
To evaluate different mold compound with spherical filler.
Spherical filler will result in lower viscosity, which effect
on less influence and will not interrupt wire although with
high speed and pressure given during the molding
process.
To study a new die placement and wire looping. The
design should emphasize on the location and the
distance of the die, whereby the distance between the
die is much shorter.
To lower down the wire looping height. There is less
effect on wire sweep with low wire looping height.
Other improvement is possible however required more
investment such as evaluating the design of gate, runner
and cavity of the mold.
THANK YOU
AND BABAI!
PEKERJA YANG BAIK
Nafrizuanmatyahya
FKM
31/05/06
PEKERJA YANG BAIK
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perancangan strategik yang jitu berasaskan kepada sistem
pendidikan rapi
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Dalam Hadis yang lain baginda s.a.w. memberi amaran kepada
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Justeru, jadilah diri kita sebagai hamba dan pekerja yang baik
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Oleh: MRMR world!
Title of Presentation
Prepared by
ASAS-ASAS FARDU AIN
Mengucap Dua Kalimah Syahadat
Mohd Zuki Bin Salleh
FKM
05/04/06
Kandungan
Pengenalan
Rukun Islam
Mengucap Dua Kalimah Syahadat
Makna Syahadat
Hukum Melafazkan Syahadat
Syarat Dua Kalimah Syahadat
Hukum Berkaitan
Rujukan : Ustaz Sulaiman Endut, Asas Fardu Ain,
Pustaka Haji Abdul Majid
Rukun Islam
Senaraikan
Rukun Islam
Sabda Rasulullah bermaksud
Islam itu dibina di atas ilmu asas iaitu syahadat
atau naik saksi bahawa sesungguhnya tiada
Tuhan yang berhak disembah melainkan
Allahdan bahawa sesungguhnya Nabi
Muhammad s.a.witu pesuruh Allah. Kedua ialah
mendirikan sembahyang fardu lima waktu.
Ketiga ialah berpuasa sebulan pada bulan
Ramadan. Keempat ialah membayar zakat dan
kelima ialah menunaikan fardu haji ke Mekah
bagi yang berkuasa.
Makna Syahadat
Aku naik saksi bahawa tiada Tuhan
melainkan Allah dan aku mengaku
bahawa Nabi Muhammad itu adalah
rasulullah.
Disebut Dua Kalimah Syahadat.
HukumMelafazkan Syahadat
Setiap orang yang melafazkan syahadat
dengan kesukaan dan kerelaan hatinya
untuk menganut islammenurut hukum
islamadalah dianggap seorang islamatau
muslimyang mempunyai dan kewajipan
menurut syariat islam, dan wajib
dikenakan keatasnya segala undang-
undang dan peraturan-peratura islam.
Dimulai dengan tidak bertujuan untuk
menafikan segala rupa bentuk tuhan,
kepercayaan, keyakinan dan akidah etc.
Ertinya seorang islamperlu hendaklah
terlebih dahulu membersihkan hatinya
daripada segala bentuk kepercayaan,
keyakinan dan kepercayaan terhadap
benda-benda lain yang lebih berkuasa di
dunia ini dan meyakini sesungguh-
sungguh kewujudan dan kekuasaan Allah
yang maha Esa.
Konsep Syahadat
Dibuktikan dengan:
Mendirikan sembahyang lima waktu.
Menunaikan zakat
Menunaikan ibadat haji di mekah
Kezuhudan hidup didunia dengan
meninggalkan dosa besar dan perbuatan
yang mungkar yang diharamkan oleh
Allah.
Andainya dua kalimah syahadat yang
diucapkan menepati antara lidah dan
hatinya itulah syahadat yang sebenar.
J auhi syahadat yang dusta(ai-zur)
Mengapa dimulai dengan Tidak iaitu Tidak
ada Tuhan melainkan Allah ?
Syarat Dua kalimah Syahadat
Wajib mengetahui lahaz dua kalimah syahadat ii
makna dan kandungannya.
Wajib menikrar dengan lidahnya serta
hendaklah mengucapkan (membaca) dua
kalimah syahadat dengan selengkapnya.
Wajib meyakini maksudnya tanpa keraguan.
Hendaklah yakin dan mengamalkan tuntutan
dan kehendak dua kalimah syahadat.
Hukum-HukumTerlibat
Tidak ada seseorangpun yang dapat
mengecapatau menuduh atau menghukum
seseorang itu kafir melainkan Allah sahaja.
Kafir jika:
Mengingkari dan mendustai setiap sesuatu yang
telah dinaskan dan difardukan oleh islam
sebagai wajib diimani. Samada keingkaranya itu
dengan hatinya atau niatnya sahaja.
Hukumini tertakluk kepada:
Tidak jahil, sampai seruan
Tidak dipaksa
Empat daripada 45 pengikut ajaran sesat ayah Pin diwakili seorang peguam
syarie tempatan. Wan Haidi Wan J osuh hadir dihadapan hakimMohammad
Abdullah iaitu sebagai peguamyang mewakili ke-empat pengikut ajaran yang
tegar iaitu:
Kamariah Ali, 54
Amirah Mohd, 29
Noraini Mdd Yaakub
Deraman Mamat, 56
Kamariah turut menghadapi tuduhan mengikut seksyen 7, enakmen yang sama
kerana mengaku bukan lagi beragama Islam. Peguamitu juga meminta agar
hakimtidak membenarkan media menyiarkan namanya semasa perbicaraan itu
berlangsung. Namun hakimmenolak permohonan itu kerana tidak ada peruntukan
dalamundang-undang seperti itu dan menyerahkan budi bicara media samaada
menyiarkan atau tidak. Ketua pendakwa memohon mahkamah mengarahkan
Kamariah memakai tudung ketika dalamperbicaraan kerana ia merupakan
peraturan yang ditetapkan oleh mahkamah syariah.
Saksi: Pengikut Ayah Pin mengaku
keluar Islam untuk elak tindakan
Apr 3, 06 5:56pm
Dua saksi memberitahu Mahkamah Tinggi
Syariah Kuala Terengganu hari ini bahawa
bekas seorang ustazah yang dituduh
murtad, membuat pengakuan keluar dari
Islam bagi mengelak dikenakan tindakan.
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