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DataStructures:
ArraysandRecords
CIS1005 ComputerProgramming
F d t l Fundamentals
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Summary
Introduction
Arrays Arrays
Subscripts
Dimensionandtypeofarray
Multidimensionalarrays
Passingarraystoprocedure
Redimensionadynamicarray
S d d Saveandaccessrecords
Dimensionanddefinerecorddatatypes
Passrecordstoprocedures
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Introduction
Datastructuringisaboutdataorganisationto
k it ffi i t makeitsusemoreefficient
Themostfundamentalwaytostructuredata
isbyusingDim,ConstandPublicstatements
Thissectiondealswithtwootherfeatures
Arrays and Records ArraysandRecords
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Arrays&Records
Array
A collection of values that are referenced by a single Acollectionofvaluesthatarereferencedbyasingle
variablename
Individualvaluesarethenaccessedwithsubscripts
Allarrayvaluesmustbeofthesametype
Record
Allowsvaluesofdifferent typestobestoredusinga
single variable name singlevariablename
Thisprovidesausefulmethodforstoringand
manipulatingdatabasesconsistingofdifferenttypes
ofinformation
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Arraydeclaration
Dimaname(sbs)[Astype]
Wh Where:
aname isthearraysname
sbs denotesthesubscripts,and
typeisthedatatype
Anarrayxhaving5elementsisdefinedas:
Dim x(4) as Double Dimx(4)asDouble
Thisdeclarationsetsasidefivememorylocationsfor
thesubscriptedvariablex(0to4),and
SpecifiesthedatatypeasDouble
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Memorylocationsforarrays
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Array
Ifdimensionisnotlargeenoughtohold
program data an error message is generated programdataanerrormessageisgenerated
Mostoftenthesizeofanarrayismadelarger
thanrequired
Maximumsizedependsonoperatingsystem
andmemoryavailable
ArraysthatexceedamountofsystemRAMare
muchslowerbecausedatawillhavetobe
swappedfromandtodisk
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Engineeringapplication
x 0 2.5 5 7.5 10
T 40 175 245 255 200
Uninsulated
metalbar
fixed
between
twowalls.
Becauseof
theheat
transfer
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transfer
process,the
resulting
temperature
isasshown
inthegraph.
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Datastorageusingsimplevariables
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Datastorageusingarrays
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Example...1
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Example...2
Ratherthanhardcodingtheprocesstoaspecific
numberofvalues,programmaycountnumber
ofcellsofdata
Positionthecursoratthetopofthe
columnofdata.DetermineRowvalue
offirstrow.
FindRowvalueoflastdatarow.
Subtractfirstrowvaluefromlastrow
value to find number of rows
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valuetofindnumberofrows.
Resultisthenusedasthefinishvalueofafor
nextlooptoreadthedatafromthesheet.
ActiveCell.Offset isusedtomoveacrossthe
columnsanddowntherows.
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MultidimensionalArrays
Exampleofatwodimensionalarrayisaheatedplate
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TraversingmultidimensionalArrays
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Arraybounds
Togloballychangethelowerlimitofallarraysto1,
OptionBasestatement isusedbeforefirstSubprocedurein
module
OptionBase1
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PassingArraystoprocedures
Arrayscanbepassedtoandfromprocedures
E l S b d t d t i Example:Subproceduretodetermine
minimumandmaximumvaluesofaone
dimensionalarray
CallMinMax(Temp,nt,Min,Max)
Where
T i h l Tempisthearray toanalyse
nt isthenumberofcellsofdata
Min&Maxareminimumandmaximumvaluesofdata
containedinthearray
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Arrayparameters
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Bubblesort
Efficientforsmallquantitiesofdata
C t Concept
passdownthroughanarray,
compareadjacentcellsand
swapvaluesiftheyareoutoforder
Repeatuntilarrayissortedcompletely
Smallerelementsrisetowardsthetop
Duringthefinalpassnoswappingwillbe
necessary.Atthispointarrayissorted.
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Diagrammaticrepresentationof
Bubblesort
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Bubblesortprocedure
DimnAsLong
n=inputBox(Numberofvalues)
Dim a(n) As Double, b(n) as Double Dima(n)AsDouble,b(n)asDouble
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Dynamicarrays
Fixedsize arraysaredefinesas:
Di (10) D bl Dima(10)asDouble
Dynamicarraysaredeclaredwithempty
parenthesis
Dima()asDouble
ReDim statementisusedtoredefinethearrayy
ReDim [preserve]aname(sbs)[Astype]
Preserve isanoptionalkeywordusedtopreservethe
datainanexistingarraywhenitssizeischanged
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Records
Structuresofdatathatcontaindifferenttypes
f i f ti ofinformation.
Onewaytohandlesuchdataistodefinean
arrayforeachcolumnofinformation
DimElname(118)AsString
Dim Symbol(118) As String * 3 DimSymbol(118)AsString 3
DimAtomNumber(118)AsInteger
DimAtomicWeight(118)AsDouble
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Record:Typestatement
VBAprovidesanalternativecalledrecord thatallows
storingallinformationinasinglevariable
Typeusertype
itemname Astype
itemname Astype
itemname Astype
...
EndType
Aft t bli hi th t d b di i d Afterestablishingthetype,recordcanbedimensionedas
Dimvarname(n)Asusertype
Individualelementsareidentifiedas
varname(i).itemtype
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Example
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Passingarecordtoaprocedure
TopasstherecordChem toaprocedure,the
ll ld b d lt ith th f callwouldbedealtwiththesamewayasfor
anarray:
CallDisplay(Chem)
ArgumentfortheSubstatementmustinclude
the type thetype
SubDisplay(Chem asChemData)
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Summary
Introduction
Arrays Arrays
Subscripts
Dimensionandtypeofarray
Multidimensionalarrays
Passingarraystoprocedure
Redimensionadynamicarray
S d d Saveandaccessrecords
Dimensionanddefinerecorddatatypes
Passrecordstoprocedures
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DataStructures:
ArraysandRecords
Discussion
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