T

R

A

I

A

N
Monotonie

Teorie

Definiii:
( )
( )
( )
( )
*
1
*
1
*
1
*
1
,
,
,
,
n n n
n s n n
n n n
n s n n
x x x n
x x x n
x x x n
x x x n
+
+
+
+
s e
< e
> e
> e





( )
n
x monoton ( )
n
x sau ( )
n
x
( )
n
x strict monoton ( )
n s
x sau ( )
n s
x
Dac
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
n n n
n n n s
n n n
n n n s
x x x
x x x
x x x
x x x
+
+
+
+
>
>
s
<

Pentru irurile cu toi termenii strict pozitivi putem aplica:
Dac
( )
( )
( )
( )
* 1
* 1
* 1
* 1
1 unde 0,
1 unde 0,
1 unde 0,
1 unde 0,
n
n n
n
n
n s n
n
n
n n
n
n
n s n
n
x
x x n
x
x
x x n
x
x
x x n
x
x
x x n
x
+
+
+
+
> > e
> > e
s > e
< > e






Probleme

1. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a) 3 5
n
a n = +
b) 2 1
n
a n =
c) 2012 7
n
a n =
2. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
( ) 1
n
n
a n = +
T

R

A

I

A

N
b)
( ) 5 1
n
n
a n = +
c)
( ) 3 2
n
n
a n = +
3. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
2
1
n
n
a
n
=
+

b)
2
2
n
n
a
n
=
+

c)
2
2 1
n
n
a
n
=

4. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
2
!
n
n
a
n
=
b)
( )
3
1 !
n
n
a
n
=
+

c)
( )
5
2 !
n
n
a
n
=
+

5. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
2
1
n
n
a
n
=
+

b)
( ) 2
1
n
n n
a
n
+
=
+

c)
( ) 3
2
n
n n
a
n
+
=
+

6. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a) 3 2
n n
n
a =
b) 5 7
n n
n
a =
c) 2 3
n n
n
a = +
7. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
5
1 3
n
n n
a =
+

b)
3
1 2
n
n n
a =
+

c)
7
1 2
n
n n
a =

8. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

T

R

A

I

A

N
a)
!
1 !
n
n
a
n
=
+

b)
( ) 1 !
1 !
n
n
a
n
+
=
+

c)
( ) 2 !
1 !
n
n
a
n
+
=
+

9. Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
1 1
1 1
1
n
a
n n
| || |
= + +
| |
+
\ .\ .
b)
1 1
1 1
1 2
n
a
n n
| || |
= + +
| |
+ +
\ .\ .

c)
1 1
1 1
2 3
n
a
n n
| || |
= + +
| |
+ +
\ .\ .

10.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
( )
1 1 1
...
1 2 2 3 1
n
a
n n
= + + +
+

b)
( )
1 1 1
...
1 3 2 4 2
n
a
n n
= + + +
+

c)
( )
1 1 1
...
1 4 2 5 3
n
a
n n
= + + +
+

11.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
2 2 2
1 1 1
...
1 2
n
a
n
= + + +
b)
3 3 3
1 1 1
...
1 2
n
a
n
= + + +
c)
4 4 4
1 1 1
...
1 2
n
a
n
= + + +
12.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a) 1
n
a n n = +
b) 3
n
a n n = +
c) 2 1
n
a n n = + +
13.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
1 1
2 , 2
n n
a a a
+
= + =
b)
1 1
3 , 3
n n
a a a
+
= + =
c)
1 1
5 , 5
n n
a a a
+
= + =
14.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

T

R

A

I

A

N
a)
1
1
!
n
n
k
a
k
=
=
_

b)
( )
1
1 !
n
n
k
k
a
k
=
=
+
_

c)
( ) ( )
1
1
2 1 2 1
n
n
k
a
k k
=
=
+
_

15.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>

a)
1
1
n
n
k
k
a
k
=
=
+
[

b)
( ) ( )
2
1
1 3
n
n
k
k
a
k k
=
=
+ +
[

c)
( )
2
2
2
1
n
n
k
k k
a
k k
=
+
=
+
[

16.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>
:
a)
1 1
) ! , 1
n n
i a na n a
+
= + =
( )
1 1
) 1 ! , 1
n n
ii a na n a
+
= + + =
b)
( )
1 1
) 2 ! , 1
n n
i a na n a
+
= + + = ( )
2
1 1
) ! , 1
n n
ii a na n a
+
= + =
c)
1 1
1 1
) , 1
!
n n
i a a a
n n
+
= + =
( )
1 1
1 1
) , 1
1 !
n n
ii a a a
n n
+
= + =
+

17.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>
:
a)
1 1
) 2 3 , 1
n n
i a a a
+
= + =
1 1
) 3 5 , 2
n n
ii a a a
+
= + =
b)
1 1
) 5 2 , 3
n n
i a a a
+
= + =
1 1
) 2 3 , 7
n n
ii a a a
+
= =
c)
1 1
) 5 3, 2
n n
i a a a
+
= + =
1 1
) 1, 1
n n
i a a a
+
= =
18.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>
:
a)
2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
) 3 2 , 2 , 3 ) 4 3 , 1 , 2
n n n n n n
i a a a a a ii a a a a a
+ + +
= = = = = =
b)
2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
) 5 6 , 3 , 5 ) 5 6 , 1 , 5
n n n n n n
i a a a a a ii a a a a a
+ + +
= = = = + = =
c)
2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 2 1 5 1 1 1
) , 0 , ) , ,
3 3 2 6 6 2 3
n n n n n n
i a a a a a ii a a a a a
+ +
= + = = = = =
19.Studiai monotonia urmtoarelor iruri ( )
1
n
n
a
>
:
a)
2 1 1 2
6 9 , 0 , 3
n n n
a a a a a
+ +
= = =
b)
2 1 1 2
4 4 , 1 , 2
n n n
a a a a a
+ +
= = =
c)
2 1 1 2
2 , 1 , 3
n n n
a a a a a
+ +
= = =