PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
A. FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTICAL
THEORY
a. Phallic phase
B. ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL
THEORIES
a. Initiative vs Guilt
C. PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
a. Pre-operational
D. KOHLBERG’S THEORY OF MORAL
DEVELOPMENT
a. Pre-conventional Level
Stage 2
E. FOWLER’S THEORY OF SPIRITUAL
DEVELOPMENT
a. Intuitive-Projective
F. HAVIGHURST’S THEORY OF
OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS
Little boys want to sleep with their
mother and become more attached to
her.
>For the boy, the mother becomes more
desired, while the father is the focus of
jealousy and rivalry, since he is the one
who sleeps with the mother, but still he
is one of the main caregivers. The id
wants to unite with the mother and kill
the father but the ego, based on the
reality principle, knows that the father is
stronger. The child also feels affectionate
towards the father, one of the
caregivers, and his feelings are
ambivalent. The fear that the father will
object to the boy’s feelings is expressed
by the id as fear that the father will
castrate him. The castration fear is not
rational, and occurs in a subconscious
irrational level.
The child mimics what he sees in the
cartoon show he is watching.
>Preschoolers learn through play. Play is
their "work." Children who are given
much freedom and opportunity to initiate
imaginative and motor play have their
sense of initiative reinforced. Parents
who inhibit their children's imaginative
play or deride them as silly may cause
them to develop a sense of guilt over
self-initiated activities.
Children usually play the role of a
mommy or a daddy when they are
playing “bahay-bahayan”.
>During the preoperational stage,
children become increasingly adept at
using symbols, as evidenced by the
increase in playing and pretending.
Children share their snacks during recess
time.
>
DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
a. Late childhood