m
)
I II III IV
KEL OMP OK
116.78 114.32 114.25 117.06
0
30
60
90
120
D
i
a
m
e
t
e
r
k
a
p
s
u
l
a
b
o
w
m
a
n
(
m
)
I II III IV
KEL OMP OK
DISTANCE BETWEEN GLOMERULUS CHAMBER AND KAPSULA BOWMAN
19.74
18.45
16.26
18.86
0
5
10
15
20
J
a
r
a
k
r
u
a
n
g
a
n
t
a
r
a
g
l
o
m
e
r
u
l
u
s
d
e
n
g
a
n
k
a
p
s
u
l
a
b
o
w
m
a
n
(
m
)
I II III IV
KEL OMP OK
19.90
16.48 17.08
20.13
0
5
10
15
20
J
a
r
a
k
r
u
a
n
g
a
n
t
a
r
a
g
l
o
m
e
r
u
l
u
s
d
e
n
g
a
n
k
a
p
s
u
l
a
b
o
w
m
a
n
(
m
)
I II III IV
KEL OMP OK
One way ANAVA analysis show that diameter of kapsula bowman and the distance
between glomerulus chamber and kapsula bowman of the male and female rats in
groups treated with flavonoids (Group I,II,III) did not show significant differences with the
control (Group IV)
LIVER
ACTIVITY OF ALANIN AMINO TRANSFERASE
ACTIVITY OF ALKALI PHOSPHATASE
One way ANAVA analysis show that ALT and AP activities of the male and female rats in
groups treated with flavonoids (Group I,II,III) did not show significant differences with the
control (Group IV)
LIVER HISTOLOGY
Group Degree of Damage Cell
0%
(without
damage)
20% - 40%
(medium
necrosis)
> 40%
(heavy
necrosis)
I
II
III
IV
100%
100%
100%
100%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
Average number of damage cells on
male and female rats after 90 days of
treament
Diameter of Vena Centralis
Group Male Rat Female Rat
I
II
III
IV
62,86 1,29
63,39 1,05
64,32 1,25
63,21 1,56
63,50 2,64
63,73 2,51
64,32 1,93
63,05 2,29
Liver histology shows that there is no damage cells after 90 days feeding with
flavonoids total
One way ANAVA analysis show that diameter of vena centralis of the male and female
rats in groups treated with flavonoids total (Group I,II,III) did not show significant
differences with the control (Group IV)
Haematology
Jumlah Eritrosit Darah
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I II III IV
Kelompok
J
u
m
l
a
h
E
r
i
t
r
o
s
i
t
(
1
0
6
/
m
m
3
D
a
r
a
h
)
Jantan
Betina
Jumlah Leukosit Darah
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
I II III IV
Kelompok
J
u
m
l
a
h
L
e
u
k
o
s
i
t
/
m
m
3
D
a
r
a
h
Jantan
Betina
Jumlah Trombosit Darah
4.4
4.6
4.8
5
5.2
5.4
5.6
I II III IV
Kelompok
J
u
m
l
a
h
T
r
o
m
b
o
s
i
t
(
1
0
5
/
m
m
3
D
a
r
a
h
)
Jantan
Betina
Kadar Hemoglobin Darah
11.45
11.5
11.55
11.6
11.65
11.7
11.75
11.8
11.85
11.9
I II III IV
Kelompok
K
a
d
a
r
H
e
m
o
g
l
o
b
i
n
(
g
/
1
0
0
m
l
D
a
r
a
h
)
Jantan
Betina
ANAVA analysis show that the numbers of erythrocyte, leucocyte, thrombocyte and
haemoglobin content on male and female rats in groups treated with flavonoids
total (Group I,II,III) did not show significant differences with the control (Group IV)
CONCLUSION
Total Flavonoids (50mg/kg) dan -Sitosterol (10 mg/kg) from
showed activities against cardiovascular diseases :
Atherosclerosis (in vitro, postive control: Simvastatin)
in vivo: reduced lipid accumulation on aorta vessel and
reduced cholesterol content in blood
Hyperthrophy (in vitro, postive control : Propanolol)
Thrombosis (in vivo, postive control : Aspirin, gingko biloba)
Platelet agregation and reduced blood viscosity (in vivo, postive
control : Aspirin, gingko biloba)
Ischemia (in vivo, postive control : Diao)
Acute and subcronic toxicity studies showed no toxic effect
on the animal tested
THANK YOU