Human vs.

animal communication
Types of signals
communicative
informative
- unique property of human language
o displacement
language makes it possible to talk about past & future
>> ability to lie
>> ability to develop history & mythology
o arbitrariness (property of the linguistic sign)
there is no direct link between the sign the sound image & its
meaning
> its conventional
o sound symbolism
certain sounds accompany certain concepts
! i " ! i#"
o connected to smal things
! $ "
o sudden event% with sound
o productivity & creativity
creating new e'pressions
number of utterances is unlimited
o cultural transmission
language is learned from culture
o discreetness
o duality (double articulation)
( levels
level of individual sound
o p% i% t phonemes
level of words
o pit
)ther properties
- vocal-auditory channel
- reciprocity
o speaker and hearer can change roles
- speciali*ation
o linguistic sounds only for communication
- non-diretionality
- rapid fade
- linearity
o one sound follows another% not together
- prevarication + lying