III.

CRIMINAL LIABILITY
A.

How incurred
1.
2.
3.

B.

Commission of felony
Wrongful act different from what was intended
Impossible crimes
RPC, Art. 4

Circumstances affecting criminal liability

1.

Justifying circumstances
RPC, Art. 11

2.

Exempting Circumstances
RPC, Art. 12

3.

Mitigating Cirumstances
RPC, Art. 13

4.

Aggravating Circumstances
RPC, Art. 14

TAKING ADVANTAGE OF PUBLIC OFFICE

RPC , Art. 19 (3)
Cases:
People v. Villamor, 373 SCRA 254 (2002)
People v. Capalac, 117 SCRA 874 (1982)
People v. Gapasin, 231 SCRA 728 (1994)
IN CONTEMPT OF OR WITH INSULT TO PUBLIC
AUTHORITIES
WITH INSULT OR LACK OF REGARD DUE TO
OFFENDED PARTY BY REASON OF RANK, AGE, OR SEX
DWELLING
People v. Montinola, 360 SCRA 631
(2001)
Mari v. Court of Appeals, 332 SCRA 475
(2000) -

People
People
People
People

v.
v.
v.
v.

Rodil, 109 SCRA 308 (1981)

Daniel, 86 SCRA 511 (1978 Banez, 301 SCRA 248 (1999)Lapaz, 171 SCRA 539 (1989)-

ABUSE
OF
CONFIDENCE
UNGRATEFULNESS

AND

OBVIOUS

People v. Arrojado, 350 SCRA 679 (2001)

People v. Mandolado, 123 SCRA 128
(1983) CRIME IN PALACE OR IN PRESENCE OF THE CHIEF
EXECUITIVE
NIGHTTIME, UNINHABITED PLACE OR WITH BAND
RPC, Art 296
Cases:
People

v.

Silva,

387

SCRA

77

(2002) People v. Librando, 335 SCRA 232People v. Jose, supraPeople v. Desalisa, 229 SCRA 35
(1994) ON OCCASION OF A CALAMITY
AID OR ARMED MEN OR MEANS
IMPUNITY
RECIDIVISM
RPC, Art. 160

TO

ENSURE

Case:
People v. Dacillo, 427 SCRA 528People v. Molina, 336 SCRA 400
(2000) REITERACION OR HABITUALITY
RPC, Arts. 62 (5), 160
Case:
People v. Cajara, 341 SCRA 192
(2000)

People v. Gaorana, 289 SCRA 652

(1998)
People v. Villapando, 178 SCRA 341
(1989) PRICE, REWARD OR PROMISE
INUNDATION, FIRE, POISON
EVIDENT PREMIDETATION
People v. Uganap, 358 SCRA 674 People v. Campomanes, 376 SCRA
307 (2002)People v. Bibat, 290 SCRA 27
(1988)People v. Lug-aw, 229 SCRA 308
(1994) People v. Camilet, 142 SCRA 402
(1986) People v. Ilaoa, 233 SCRA 231
(1984) CRAFT, FRAUD OR DISGUISE
People v. Labuguen, 337 SCRA 488
(2000) People v. Marquez, 117 SCRA 165
(1982)
People v. Empacis, 222 SCRA 59
(1993)
SUPERIOR
DEFENSE

STRENGTH

OR

MEANS

TO

WEAKEN

People v. Ambrocio, 433 SCRA 67

(2004)
People v. Cabato, 160 SCRA 98
(1988) People vs. Ruelan, 231 SCRA 650
(1994)People v. Padilla, 233 SCRA 46
(1994) -

 TREACHERY
People v. Jorolan, 404 SCRA
(2003)
People v. Malejana, 479 SCRA
(2006)
People v. Castillo, 289 SCRA
(1998)People v. Sangalang, 58 SCRA
(1974)People v. Gutierrez, 158 SCRA
(1988)People v. Verchez, 233 SCRA
(1994)-

564
610
213
737
614
174

IGNOMINY
People v. Bumidang, 346 SCRA 807
(2000) People v. Siao, 327 SCRA 269
(2000) UNLAWFUL ENTRY
People v. Baello, 224 SCRA 218
(1993)
BREAKING WALL, FLOOR, ROOF
WITH AID OF PERSONS UNDER 15 OR BY MOTOR
VEHICLE
CRUELTY
People v. Guerrero, 389 SCRA 389
(2002) People v. Lacao, 60 SCRA 89
(1974)People v. Ilaoa, SupraSPECIAL AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCE/QUALIFYING
RPC, Art. 266-B
Case:
People v. Balgos, 323 SCRA 372
(2000)-

5.

Alternative Circumstances
RPC, Art. 15

RELATIONSHIP
Case:
People v. Marcos, 349 SCRA 537
(2001)
People v. Atop, 286 SCRA 157
(1998)
INTOXICATION
People v. Marquita, 327 SCRA 41
(2000) People v. Renejane, 158 SCRA 258
(1988)People v. Camano 115 SCRA 688
(1982) DEGREE OF INSTRUCTION AND EDUCATION
6,

Absolutory Causes and Other Special Situations

a.

Entrapment and Instigation

Chang v. People, 496 SCRA321
(2006)
People v. Sy G.R. No. 171397, 27
SeptemberPeople v. Lua Chu, 56 Phil 44
(1931) Araneta v. CA, 142 SCRA532
(1986) -

b.

Effect of Pardon
RPC , Art. 23
Rep. Act. No. 8353

c.

Absolutory Causes
RPC, Art. 6 (3), 7, 20, 16, 247, 280, 332,
344

d.

Acts not covered by law and in case of

excessive punishment
5

RPC , Art. 5
Case:
People v. Veneracion, 249 SCRA
244 (1995)-